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Song C, Cui Y, Liu B, Xie J, Ge X, Xu P, Ren M, Miao L, Zhou Q, Lin Y. HSP60 and HSP90β from blunt snout bream, Megalobrama amblycephala: Molecular cloning, characterization, and comparative response to intermittent thermal stress and Aeromonas hydrophila infection. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 74:119-132. [PMID: 29306763 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2017.12.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2017] [Revised: 12/17/2017] [Accepted: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Heat shock proteins (HSPs) play critical roles in the process of anti-stress and immunity and are implicated in autoimmune diseases. In order to understand the comparative stress responses of HSP60 and HSP90β under intermittent thermal stress and Aeromonas hydrophila infection, we cloned their full-length cDNAs from Megalobrama amblycephala liver, predicted their secondary and tertiary structure, and examined their tissue-specific expression patterns. The full length of HSP60 and HSP90β cDNAs indicated that they included all signature sequences of corresponding protein families. They showed high homology to their counterparts in other species, and were consistent with the known classification of fishes based on phylogenetic analysis. HSP60 showed the highest expression in head-kidney, brain, and gill, while HSP90β presented higher in hindgut, liver, and brain. Significant mRNA expression differences were determined between HSP60 and HSP90β in tissues of bladder, liver, heart, and gill. During thermal stress and recovery phase, the highest expression of them were observed at the first recovery for 2 d and 1 d, respectively. The expression between them were extremely significant difference during the first recovery and second stress period. After A. hydrophila infection, their expressions were extremely significantly upregulated. The significant upregulation and rapid response indicated that they were sensitive to thermal stress and bacterial challenge. This study demonstrated that HSP60 and HSP90β might participate in innate immune and environmental responses of M. amblycephala. It indicated that they could be used as biomarkers to test the stress caused by local aquaculture environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changyou Song
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi, 214081, China; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, 214081, China
| | - Yanting Cui
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi, 214081, China; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, 214081, China
| | - Bo Liu
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi, 214081, China; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, 214081, China.
| | - Jun Xie
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi, 214081, China; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, 214081, China
| | - Xianping Ge
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi, 214081, China; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, 214081, China
| | - Pao Xu
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi, 214081, China; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, 214081, China.
| | - Mingchun Ren
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, 214081, China
| | - Linghong Miao
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, 214081, China
| | - Qunlan Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, 214081, China
| | - Yan Lin
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, 214081, China
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Abstract
Sea urchin represents an ideal model for studies on fertilization and early development, but the achievement of egg competence and mitochondrial behaviour during oogenesis remain to be enlightened. Oocytes of echinoid, such as sea urchin, unlike other echinoderms and other systems, complete meiotic maturation before fertilization. Mitochondria, the powerhouse of eukaryotic cells, contain a multi-copy of the maternally inherited genome, and are involved directly at several levels in the reproductive processes, as their functional status influences the quality of oocytes and contributes to fertilization and embryogenesis. In the present paper, we report our latest data on mitochondrial distribution, content and activity during Paracentrotus lividus oogenesis. The analyses were carried out using confocal microscopy, in vivo incubating oocytes at different maturation stages with specific probes for mitochondria and mtDNA, and by immunodetection of Hsp56, a well known mitochondrial marker. Results show a parallel rise of mitochondrial mass and activity, and, especially in the larger oocytes, close to germinal vesicle (GV) breakdown, a considerable increase in organelle activity around the GV, undoubtedly for an energetic aim. In the mature eggs, mitochondrial activity decreases, in agreement with their basal metabolism. Further and significant information was achieved by studying the mitochondrial chaperonin Hsp56 and mtDNA. Results show a high increase of both Hsp56 and mtDNA. Taken together these results demonstrate that during oogenesis a parallel rise of different mitochondrial parameters, such as mass, activity, Hsp56 and mtDNA occurs, highlighting important tools in the establishment of developmental competence.
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Ruocco N, Varrella S, Romano G, Ianora A, Bentley MG, Somma D, Leonardi A, Mellone S, Zuppa A, Costantini M. Diatom-derived oxylipins induce cell death in sea urchin embryos activating caspase-8 and caspase 3/7. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2016; 176:128-140. [PMID: 27130972 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2016.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2015] [Revised: 04/05/2016] [Accepted: 04/13/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Diatoms are an important class of unicellular algae that produce bioactive secondary metabolites with cytotoxic activity collectively termed oxylipins, including polyunsaturated aldehydes (PUAs), hydroxyacids (HEPEs), oxo-acids and epoxyalcohols. Previous results showed that at higher concentrations, the PUA decadienal induced apoptosis on copepods and sea urchin embryos via caspase-3 activation; at lower concentrations decadienal affected the expression levels of the caspase-8 gene in embryos of the sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus. In the present work, we studied the effects of other common oxylipins produced by diatoms: two PUAs (heptadienal and octadienal) and four hydroxyacids (5-, 9- 11- and 15-HEPE) on P. lividus cell death and caspase activities. Our results showed that (i) at higher concentrations PUAs and HEPEs induced apoptosis in sea urchin embryos, detected by microscopic observation and through the activation of caspase-3/7 and caspase-8 measured by luminescent assays; (ii) at low concentrations, PUAs and HEPEs affected the expression levels of caspase-8 and caspase-3/7 (isolated for the first time here in P. lividus) genes, detected by Real Time qPCR. These findings have interesting implications from the ecological point of view, given the importance of diatom blooms in nutrient-rich aquatic environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Ruocco
- Department of Biology and Evolution of Marine Organisms, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, 80121 Napoli, Italy
| | - Stefano Varrella
- Department of Biology and Evolution of Marine Organisms, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, 80121 Napoli, Italy
| | - Giovanna Romano
- Department of Integrative Marine Ecology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, 80121 Napoli, Italy
| | - Adrianna Ianora
- Department of Integrative Marine Ecology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, 80121 Napoli, Italy
| | - Matt G Bentley
- Faculty of Science and Technology, C227 Christchurch House, Bournemouth University, Talbot Campus, Poole, UK
| | - Domenico Somma
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università di Napoli Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | - Antonio Leonardi
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università di Napoli Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | - Stefano Mellone
- Istituto di Endocrinologia e Oncologia Sperimentale, CNR, Napoli, Italy
| | - Antonio Zuppa
- Department of Biology and Evolution of Marine Organisms, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, 80121 Napoli, Italy
| | - Maria Costantini
- Department of Biology and Evolution of Marine Organisms, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, 80121 Napoli, Italy.
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Kumar Singh M, Janardhan Reddy PV, Sreedhar AS, Tiwari PK. Molecular characterization and expression analysis of hsp60 gene homologue of sheep blowfly, Lucilia cuprina. J Therm Biol 2015; 52:24-37. [PMID: 26267495 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2015.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2015] [Revised: 04/28/2015] [Accepted: 05/01/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The 60kDa heat shock protein (Hsp60) or chaperonin is one among the highly conserved families of heat shock proteins, known to be involved in variety of cellular activities, including protein folding, thermal protection, etc. In this study we sequence characterized hsp60 gene homologue of Lucilia cuprina, isolated and cloned from the genomic library as well as by genomic PCR, followed by RACE- PCR. The L. cuprina hsp60 gene/protein expression pattern was analyzed in various tissues, either at normal temperature (25±1°C) or after exposure to heat stress (42°C). The analysis of nucleotide sequence of Lchsp60 gene revealed absence of intron and the nuclear localizing signal (NLS). The deduced amino acid sequence showed presence of unique conserved sequences, such as those for mitochondrial localization, ATP binding, etc. Unlike Drosophila, Lucilia showed presence of only one isoform, i.e., hsp60A. Phylogenetic analysis of hsp60 gene homologues from different species revealed Lchsp60 to have >88.36% homology with D. melanogaster, 76.86% with L. sericata, 58.31% with mice, 57.99% with rat, and 57.72% with human. Expression analysis using Real Time PCR and fluorescence imaging showed significant enhancement in the expression level of Lchsp60 upon heat stress in a tissue specific manner, indicating its likely role in thermo-tolerance as well as in normal cellular activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manish Kumar Singh
- Centre for Genomics, Jiwaji University, Gwalior 474 011, India; Cytogenetics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | | | - A S Sreedhar
- Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500 007, India
| | - P K Tiwari
- Centre for Genomics, Jiwaji University, Gwalior 474 011, India.
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Mapping sea urchins tube feet proteome — A unique hydraulic mechano-sensory adhesive organ. J Proteomics 2013; 79:100-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2012.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2012] [Revised: 11/10/2012] [Accepted: 12/02/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Agnello M, Filosto S, Scudiero R, Rinaldi AM, Roccheri MC. Cadmium induces an apoptotic response in sea urchin embryos. Cell Stress Chaperones 2007; 12:44-50. [PMID: 17441506 PMCID: PMC1852892 DOI: 10.1379/csc-229r.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cadmium is a heavy metal toxic for living organisms even at low concentrations. It does not have any biological role, and since it is a permanent metal ion, it is accumulated by many organisms. In the present paper we have studied the apoptotic effects of continuous exposure to subacute/sublethal cadmium concentrations on a model system: Paracentrotus lividus embryos. We demonstrated, by atomic absorption spectrometry, that the intracellular amount of metal increased during exposure time. We found, using terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling assay, that long treatments with cadmium triggered a severe DNA fragmentation. We demonstrated, by immunocytochemistry on whole-mount embryos, that treatment with cadmium causes activation of caspase-3 and cleavage of death substrates alpha-fodrin and lamin A. Incubating the embryos since fertilization with Z-DEVD FMK, a caspase-3 inhibitor, we found, by immunocytochemistry, that cleavage by caspase-3 and cleavage of death substrates were inactivated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Agnello
- Dipartimento di Biologia Cellulare e dello Sviluppo "A. Monroy" Università degli Studi di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze ed.16, 90128 Palermo, Italy
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Sharma S, Rohilla MS, Tiwari PK. Developmental and hyperthermia-induced expression of the heat shock proteins HSP60 and HSP70 in tissues of the housefly Musca domestica: an in vitro study. Genet Mol Biol 2007. [DOI: 10.1590/s1415-47572007000100027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Sharma S, Reddy P, Rohilla MS, Tiwari P. Expression of HSP60 homologue in sheep blowfly Lucilia cuprina during development and heat stress. J Therm Biol 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2006.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Stürzenbaum SR, Arts MSJ, Kammenga JE. Molecular cloning and characterization of Cpn60 in the free-living nematode Plectus acuminatus. Cell Stress Chaperones 2005; 10:79-85. [PMID: 16038405 PMCID: PMC1176475 DOI: 10.1379/csc-84r.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2004] [Revised: 12/08/2004] [Accepted: 12/09/2004] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Heat shock proteins (Hsps) have provoked interest not only because of their involvement in human diseases but also for their potential as biomarkers of environmental pollution. Whereas the former interest is covered by numerous reports, the latter is an exciting new field of research. We report the isolation of the full-length cpn60 messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) and partial genomic deoxyribonucleic acid from the free-living, environmental sentinel nematode Plectus acuminatus, a species used in classical ecotoxicity tests. Although the primary sequence displays high identity scores to other nematodes and human Cpn60 (75% and 70%, respectively), the intron-exon structure differs markedly. Furthermore, although mRNA levels remained constant after exposure to ZnCl2 (0-330 microM) under laboratory conditions, protein levels increased significantly in a dose-dependent manner. In conclusion, this first account of molecular genetic similarities and differences of Cpn60 in a neglected nematode taxon provides a valuable insight into its potential uses in gene-based ecotoxicological risk assessment exercises.
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Affiliation(s)
- S R Stürzenbaum
- Cardiff School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, PO Box 915, Cardiff CF10 3TL, Wales, UK.
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Russo R, Bonaventura R, Zito F, Schröder HC, Müller I, Müller WEG, Matranga V. Stress to cadmium monitored by metallothionein gene induction in Paracentrotus lividus embryos. Cell Stress Chaperones 2004; 8:232-41. [PMID: 14984056 PMCID: PMC514876 DOI: 10.1379/1466-1268(2003)008<0232:stcmbm>2.0.co;2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
We used sea urchin embryos as bioindicators to study the effects of exposure to sublethal cadmium concentrations on the expression of the metallothionein (MT) gene stress marker. For this purpose, the complete complementary deoxyribonucleic acid of the species Paracentrotus lividus (Pl) was cloned and sequenced. Northern blot analysis showed that basal levels of Pl-MT messenger ribonucleic acid, having an apparent size of 700 bases, are expressed in all developmental stages analyzed, from early cleavage to pluteus. However, when embryos were continuously cultured in sublethal CdCl2 concentrations and harvested at cleavage, swimming blastula, late gastrula, and pluteus stages (6, 12, 24, and 48 hours after fertilization, respectively), a time- and dose-dependent increase in the transcription levels of the Pl-MT gene was observed. Interestingly, although microscopical inspection revealed the occurrence of abnormalities only after 24 hours of exposure to the pollutant, Northern blot and reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction analyses revealed significant increases in Pl-MT expression levels already after 12 and 6 hours of exposure, respectively. Therefore, this study confirms the validity of MT as marker of exposure and provides evidence that Pl-MT and sea urchin embryos can be a potentially valuable and sensitive model for testing in very short periods of time seawaters heavily contaminated with cadmium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Russo
- Istituto di Biomedicina e Immunologia Molecolare Alberto Monroy, Sezione Biologia dello Sviluppo, Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche, Via Ugo La Malfa 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy
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Martin CC, Tsang CH, Beiko RG, Krone PH. Expression and genomic organization of the zebrafish chaperonin gene complex. Genome 2002; 45:804-11. [PMID: 12416612 DOI: 10.1139/g02-044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Chaperonin 10 and chaperonin 60 monomers exist within the multimeric mitochondrial chaperonin folding complex with a stoichiometry of 2:1. This complex is located in the mitochondrial matrix, where it aids in the folding and acquisition of the tertiary structure of proteins. We have previously isolated the cpn10 cDNA in zebrafish (Danio rerio), and demonstrated that it is ubiquitously expressed during embryonic development and transcriptionally upregulated after exposure to heat shock. In the present study, we have isolated a cDNA encoding chaperonin 60 (cpn60) from zebrafish, and have shown that it is similarly expressed uniformly and ubiquitously throughout early embryonic development of zebrafish. Upregulation of cpn60 expression was also observed after exposure of zebrafish embryos to a heat shock of 1 h at 37 degrees C compared with control embryos raised at 27 degrees C. The induction of the cpn60 heat shock response was greatest after 1 h of heat shock, whereas significant decreases of cpn60 mRNA were observed within 2 h following a return to 27 degrees C. We subsequently isolated genomic DNA sequences for both of these genes, and show that they are also arranged in a head-to-head organization and share a common bidirectional promoter that contains a single heat shock element (HSE). Our database analysis shows that this head-to-head organization is also found in human (Homo sapiens), rat (Rattus norvegicus), pufferfish (Fugu rubripes), and Caenorhabditis elegans, but not in Drosophila or yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae). The data suggest that the genomic organization of the cpn gene complex has been conserved across the vertebrates.
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Roccheri MC, Patti M, Agnello M, Gianguzza F, Carra E, Rinaldi AM. Localization of mitochondrial Hsp56 chaperonin during sea urchin development. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2001; 287:1093-8. [PMID: 11587534 DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.2001.5503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
We have previously demonstrated that Paracentrotus lividus nuclear genome encodes for the heat shock inducible chaperonin homolog Hsp 56 (1) and that the mature protein is localized in the mitochondrial matrix (2). In this paper we report that constitutive Hsp56 is maternally inherited, in fact it is present in the in unfertilized eggs, and that it has a perinuclear specific localization during cleavage. In the later stages both the constitutive and the heat shock inducible chaperonin has a specific territorial distribution. Moreover following heat shock, the Hsp56 appears in the cytoplasm and in the postmitochondrial supernatant beside the mitochondrial fraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Roccheri
- Dipartimento di Biologia Cellulare e dello Sviluppo "A. Monroy,", Università di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Parco D'Orleans, Palermo, 90128, Italy
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