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Edwards S, Ferguson TF, Gasparini S, Mercante DE, Molina PE, Gunaldo TP. Interprofessional education as a potential foundation for future team-based prevention of alcohol use disorder. BMC MEDICAL EDUCATION 2023; 23:126. [PMID: 36810080 PMCID: PMC9945599 DOI: 10.1186/s12909-023-04100-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Effective screening of alcohol use and prevention of alcohol use disorder (AUD) requires the continuous preparation of educated and confident providers across all health professions who will ideally work in close collaboration in their future practices. As one mechanism for achieving this goal, the development and provision of interprofessional education (IPE) training modules for health care students may cultivate beneficial interactions among future health providers early in their formative education. METHODS In the present study, we assessed attitudes about alcohol and confidence in screening and AUD prevention in 459 students at our health sciences center. Students represented ten different health professions (audiology, cardiovascular sonography, dental hygiene, dentistry, medicine, nursing, physical therapy, public health, respiratory therapy, and speech language pathology programs). For purposes of this exercise, students were divided into small, professionally diverse teams. Responses to ten survey questions (Likert scale) were collected via a web-based platform. These assessments were collected before and after a case-based exercise that provided information to students on the risks of excessive alcohol use as well as the effective screening and team-based management of individuals susceptible to AUD. RESULTS Wilcoxon signed-rank analyses revealed that the exercise led to significant decreases in stigma toward individuals engaging in at-risk alcohol use. We also discovered significant increases in self-reported knowledge and confidence in personal qualifications needed to initiate brief interventions to reduce alcohol use. Focused analyses of students from individual health programs uncovered unique improvements according to question theme and health profession. CONCLUSION Our findings demonstrate the utility and effectiveness of single, focused IPE-based exercises to impact personal attitudes and confidence in young health professions learners. While additional longitudinal cohort follow-up studies are needed, these results may translate into more effective and collaborative AUD treatment in future clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott Edwards
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, New Orleans, USA.
- Comprehensive Alcohol-HIV/AIDS Research Center, New Orleans, USA.
- Center for Interprofessional Education and Collaborative Practice, New Orleans, USA.
- Neuroscience Center of Excellence, School of Medicine, New Orleans, USA.
- Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center at New Orleans, New Orleans, USA.
- Department of Physiology Comprehensive Alcohol-HIV/AIDS Research Center, LSU Health Sciences Center-New Orleans, 1901 Perdido St. MEB 7205, 70112, New Orleans, LA, USA.
| | - Tekeda F Ferguson
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, New Orleans, USA
- Comprehensive Alcohol-HIV/AIDS Research Center, New Orleans, USA
- School of Public Health, New Orleans, USA
- Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center at New Orleans, New Orleans, USA
| | - Sonia Gasparini
- Center for Interprofessional Education and Collaborative Practice, New Orleans, USA
- Neuroscience Center of Excellence, School of Medicine, New Orleans, USA
- Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center at New Orleans, New Orleans, USA
| | - Donald E Mercante
- School of Public Health, New Orleans, USA
- Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center at New Orleans, New Orleans, USA
| | - Patricia E Molina
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, New Orleans, USA
- Comprehensive Alcohol-HIV/AIDS Research Center, New Orleans, USA
- Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center at New Orleans, New Orleans, USA
| | - Tina P Gunaldo
- Center for Interprofessional Education and Collaborative Practice, New Orleans, USA
- Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center at New Orleans, New Orleans, USA
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Czech and Slovak Dental Students' Oral Health-Related Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behaviours (KAB): Multi-Country Cross-Sectional Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19052717. [PMID: 35270410 PMCID: PMC8910048 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19052717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Dentists play a key role in the primary prevention of oral diseases and related systemic complications; therefore, their views on behavioural interventions need to be aligned with the current agendas for oral health. Likewise, dental students’ oral health-related knowledge, attitudes, and behaviours (KAB) are of practical importance, as they are the future opinion leaders for oral health in their respective communities. A cross-sectional survey-based study was designed to evaluate the oral health KAB of dental students in both the Czech Republic and Slovakia. The study utilized translated versions of the Hiroshima University Dental Behavioural Inventory (HU-DBI), and it aimed to recruit students from all Czech and Slovak dental schools. A total of 487 students were included in this study, out of which 372 (76.4%) were females, 271 (55.6%) were enrolled in preclinical years, 68 (14%) reported smoking tobacco at least once a week, and 430 (88.3%) reported problematic internet use. The mean HU-DBI score of Czech and Slovak dental students (8.18 ± 1.80) was comparable with the previously reported scores of dental students in Nordic and Western European countries. Czech students (9.34 ± 1.29) had a significantly higher score than their Slovak counterparts (7.56 ± 1.73). In both countries, preclinical students (8.04 vs. 8.35), the students who reported tobacco smoking (7.63 vs. 8.27), and those who reported problematic internet use (8.11 vs. 8.70) had significantly lower HU-DBI scores than their counterparts, respectively. In the Czech Republic, the significant increases in HU-DBI scores occurred after the first academic year when the students received preventive dentistry courses; therefore, one can put forward that early implementation of preventive elements in undergraduate dental curricula may yield better and more sustainable oral health gains for the students. Future research on Czech and Slovak dental curricula need to re-evaluate the oral hygiene and anti-smoking components and their impact on students’ views and attitudes.
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Tarakji B. Knowledge, awareness, and attitude among dental students regarding oral cancer in Saudi Arabia. Ann Afr Med 2022; 21:444-450. [PMID: 36412349 PMCID: PMC9850895 DOI: 10.4103/aam.aam_185_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Oral cancer awareness among junior and seniors' dental undergraduate students may have an impact on the early detection and prevention of oral cancer. Aims and Objectives To assess oral cancer awareness, knowledge and attitude among undergraduate dental students in government and private colleges in Saudi Arabia. Material and Methods A cross-sectional survey was undertaken to assess oral cancer knowledge, awareness and attitude among undergraduate dental students in government and private colleges in Saudi Arabia. All junior and senior students enrolled during the 2020- 2021 academic year, were eligible to participate (n=189). Results The study shows that dental Students at private and government colleges in Saudi Arabia are generally knowledgeable regarding Knowledge, awareness, attitude and management of oral cancer. There was no significant difference between knowledge, awareness, attitude, and management of oral cancer between students in either private and government colleges. Results shows that 99 (88.9%) of dental students in government colleges considered human papilloma virus as a risk factor, higher than dental students in private colleges 48 (73.3%). My results indicated that dental students considered (87%) tobacco, and alcohol (83.6%) as main risk to oral cancer, whereas, 100 (53%) identified limited consumption of fruit and vegetables and 124 (65.6%) considered old age as risk factor for oral cancer. Conclusion The variation in correct answers indicate to need to reinforce the undergraduate dental curriculum with regards to oral cancer education; particularly in its prevention and early detection. Revision of knowledge senior students in oral cancer is highly recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bassel Tarakji
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Dentistry Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al Kharj, Saudi Arabia,Address for correspondence: Dr. Bassel Tarakji, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Dentistry Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al Kharj, Saudi Arabia. E-mail:
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Huynh C, Aldossri MA, Quiñonez CR, Manson H, Singhal S. Ontario dentists' ease to discuss sensitive health issues with their patients: A cross-sectional study. J Public Health Dent 2021; 81:290-298. [PMID: 34386979 DOI: 10.1111/jphd.12468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES With consistent calls for a more integrated approach to improve the healthcare system's effectiveness, the scope of practice for dentists has expanded; dentists are now seen to positively intervene to address several sensitive health issues among their patients. However, it is not clear how comfortable dentists feel in doing so. This study endeavored to assess self-perceived ease of dentists to discuss various sensitive health issues and if their socio-demographics influence their ease. METHODS A self-administered online survey was sent to Ontario dentists (n = 9975) to assess their self-perceived ease in discussing five sensitive health issues with their patients: eating disorders, substance abuse, sexually transmitted infections (STIs), sexual behaviors, and physical abuse. Ordinal logistic regressions were performed along with descriptive analyses. RESULTS The response rate was 9.3%. Over 50% of participants indicated difficulty discussing STIs, sexual behaviors and physical abuse. Younger dentists, female practitioners, dentists practicing in private settings, and those practicing in rural areas perceived more difficulty to discuss all five health issues. Place of training was also a significant predictor: internationally trained dentists perceived it easier to discuss eating disorders, substance abuse, and physical abuse while Canadian trained were more at ease to discuss STIs and sexual behaviors. CONCLUSION This exploratory study identified that a large proportion of dentists are not comfortable discussing sensitive health issue with their patients. There are numerous opportunities for intervention in Canadian dental curriculums, continuing education programs, and communication practices to support dentists' discussions with patients about these important health concerns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Huynh
- Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Musfer A Aldossri
- Department of Periodontics and Community Dentistry, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Carlos R Quiñonez
- Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Heather Manson
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada.,Public Health Ontario, Health Promotion Chronic Disease and Injury Prevention Department, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sonica Singhal
- Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Public Health Ontario, Health Promotion Chronic Disease and Injury Prevention Department, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Kumar PS. Interventions to prevent periodontal disease in tobacco-, alcohol-, and drug-dependent individuals. Periodontol 2000 2020; 84:84-101. [PMID: 32844411 DOI: 10.1111/prd.12333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Substance abuse affects more than one sixth of the world's population. More importantly, the nature of the abuse and the type of addictive substances available to individuals is increasing exponentially. All substances with abusive potential impact both the human immuno-inflammatory system and oral microbial communities, and therefore play a critical role in the etiopathogenesis of periodontal diseases. Evidence strongly supports the efficacy of professionally delivered cessation counseling. Dentists, dental therapists, and hygienists are ideally placed to deliver this therapy, and to spearhead efforts to provide behavioral and pharmacologic support for cessation. The purpose of this review is to examine the biologic mechanisms underlying their role in disease causation, to understand the pharmacologic and behavioral basis for their habituation, and to investigate the efficacy of population-based and personalized interventions in prevention of periodontal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Purnima S Kumar
- Division of Periodontology, College of Dentistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA
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Brief Motivational Interventions: Strategies for Successful Management of Complex, Nonadherent Dental Patients. Dent Clin North Am 2020; 64:559-569. [PMID: 32448459 DOI: 10.1016/j.cden.2020.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Motivational interviewing (MI) is an evidence-based approach to resolving patient ambivalence to change. MI techniques can be effectively used by dentists in assessing and managing substance use risk and may add minimal time to the patient interview. Although MI's greatest utility has been in the area of improving general oral hygiene in order to reduce caries and other preventable conditions, its use in addressing controlled substance risk is well established in other health care disciplines. These techniques do not require special training in mental health assessment and can be effectively used by dentists and dental hygienists.
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Ntouva A, Porter J, Crawford MJ, Britton A, Gratus C, Newton T, Tsakos G, Heilmann A, Pikhart H, Watt RG. Alcohol Screening and Brief Advice in NHS General Dental Practices: A Cluster Randomized Controlled Feasibility Trial. Alcohol Alcohol 2019; 54:235-242. [PMID: 30882135 DOI: 10.1093/alcalc/agz017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Revised: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To assess the feasibility and acceptability of screening for alcohol misuse and delivering brief advice to eligible patients attending NHS dental practices in London. METHODS A two-arm cluster randomized controlled feasibility trial was conducted. Twelve dental practices were recruited and randomized to intervention and control arms. Participants attending for a dental check were recruited into the study and were eligible if they consumed alcohol above recommended levels assessed by the AUDIT-C screening tool. All eligible participants were asked to complete a baseline socio-demographic questionnaire. Six months after the completion of baseline measures, participants were contacted via telephone by a researcher masked to their allocation status. The full AUDIT tool was then administered. Alcohol consumption in the last 90 days was also assessed using the Form 90. A process evaluation assessed the acceptability of the intervention. RESULTS Over a 7-month period, 229 participants were recruited (95.4% recruitment rate) and at the 6 months follow-up, 176 participants were assessed (76.9% retention rate). At the follow-up, participants in the intervention arm were significantly more likely to report a longer abstinence period (3.2 vs. 2.3 weeks respectively, P = 0.04) and non-significant differences in AUDIT (44.9% vs. 59.8% AUDIT positive respectively, P = 0.053) and AUDIT C difference between baseline and follow-up (-0.67 units vs. -0.29 units respectively, P = 0.058). Results from the process evaluation indicated that the intervention and study procedures were acceptable to dentists and patients. CONCLUSIONS This study has demonstrated the feasibility and acceptability of dentists screening for alcohol misuse and providing brief advice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jessie Porter
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, UCL, UK
| | | | - Annie Britton
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, UCL, UK
| | | | - Tim Newton
- King's College London Dental Institute, Kings College London, UK
| | | | - Anja Heilmann
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, UCL, UK
| | - Hynek Pikhart
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, UCL, UK
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Physicians' experiences of SBIRT training and implementation for SUD management in primary care in the UAE: a qualitative study. Prim Health Care Res Dev 2017; 19:344-354. [PMID: 29277167 DOI: 10.1017/s1463423617000834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
AimThe objective of this paper is to present a qualitative study of introducing substance misuse screening using the Screening Brief Intervention and Referral to Treatment (SBIRT) model, in primary care in Abu Dhabi. BACKGROUND Substance misuse in the UAE is an increasing problem. However religious beliefs and fear of legal consequences have prevented this topic from being openly discussed, risk levels identified through screening and treatment options offered. METHODS A controlled trial was undertaken which included a qualitative process study which is reported here. Qualitative interviews with primary care physicians from two intervention clinics were undertaken to explore their views, experiences and attitudes towards substance misuse management in their clinic. Physicians were trained on SBIRT and on the research project process and documentation. At completion of the project, 10 months after the training, physicians (n=17) were invited to participate in an interview to explore their experiences of training and implementation of SBIRT. Interviews were recorded and transcribed. Inductive thematic coding was applied.FindingsIn total, 11 physicians were interviewed and three main themes emerged: (1) The SBIRT screening project, (2) cultural issues and (3) patient follow-up. Findings revealed a general willingness toward the concept of screening and delivering brief interventions in primary care although increased workload and uncertainties about remuneration for the service may be a barrier to future implementation. There was a perceived problem of substance misuse that was not currently being met and a strong perception that patients were not willing to reveal substance use due cultural barriers and fear of police involvement. In conclusion this qualitative process evaluation provided essential insight into implementing SBIRT in the Middle East. In conclusion, despite physician willingness and a clinical need for a substance misuse care pathway, the reluctance among patients to admit to substance use in this culture needs to be addressed to enable successful implementation.
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Lewis MAO. The Dentist of the Future: Dental Surgeon or Oral Physician? Prim Dent J 2017; 6:34-37. [PMID: 28987151 DOI: 10.1308/205016817821930962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
There is an accepted recognition of the need for the dentist to be able to diagnose and treat the number of older dental patients with more complex health care problems. Therefore in the future, dentists and other dental professionals will need to broaden their role in the delivery of overall health care and the designation of a dentist as an 'oral physician’ as well as a 'dental surgeon’ would seem logical. To deliver this developing role it will be necessary to ensure that undergraduate dental teaching programmes are designed appropriately to provide clinicians with the necessary clinical skills.18
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Al-Maweri SA, Abbas A, Tarakji B, Al-Jamaei AS, Alaizari NA, Al-Shamiri HM. Knowledge and opinions regarding oral cancer among Yemeni dental students. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2016; 16:1765-70. [PMID: 25773823 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2015.16.5.1765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral cancer presents with high mortality rates, and the likelihood of survival is remarkably superior when detected early. Health care providers, particularly dentists, play a critical role in early detection of oral cancers and should be knowledgeable and skillful in oral cancer diagnosis. PURPOSE The aim of the present study was to assess the current knowledge of future Yemeni dentists and their opinions on oral cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS A pretested self-administered questionnaire was distributed to fourth and fifth year dental students. Questions relating to knowledge of oral cancer, risk factors, and opinions on oral cancer prevention and practices were posed. RESULTS The response rate was 80%. The vast majority of students identified smoking and smokeless tobacco as the major risk factors for oral cancer. Most of the students (92.6%) knew that squamous cell carcinoma is the most common form of oral cancer, and 85.3% were aware that tongue and floor of the mouth are the most likely sites. While the majority showed willingness to advise their patients on risk factors, only 40% felt adequately trained to provide such advice. More than 85% of students admitted that they need further information regarding oral cancer. As expected, students of the final year appeared slightly more knowledgeable regarding risk factors and clinical features of the disease. CONCLUSIONS The findings of the present study suggest that here is a need to reinforce the undergraduate dental curriculum with regards to oral cancer education, particularly in its prevention and early detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadeq Ali Al-Maweri
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, Al-Farabi Colleges of Dentistry and Nursing, Saudi Arabia E-mail :
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Neff JA, Gunsolley JC, Alshatrat SM. Topical Trends in Tobacco and Alcohol Articles Published in Three Dental Journals, 1980-2010. J Dent Educ 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/j.0022-0337.2015.79.6.tb05940.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- James Alan Neff
- College of Health Sciences; Old Dominion University at the time of his death in December 2014
| | - John C. Gunsolley
- Department of Periodontics; School of Dentistry; Virginia Commonwealth University
| | - Sabha Mahmoud Alshatrat
- Health Services Research Doctoral Program; College of Health Sciences; Old Dominion University
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Abstract
Dentistry is neither an allied health profession nor a paramedical profession. It is the only anatomically focused health care profession that is university-based and for which primary care responsibility is maintained by the profession. Dentists must have a reliable knowledge of basic clinical medicine for safely and effectively treating individuals with chronic and other diseases, which make them biologically and pharmacologically compromised. With changes in the life expectancy of people and lifestyles, as well as rapid advancement in biomedical sciences, dentists should have similar knowledge like a physician in any other fields of medicine. There are number of primary care activities that can be conducted in the dental office like screening of diabetics, managing hypertension etc., The present review was conducted after doing extensive literature search of peer-reviewed journals. The review throws a spotlight on these activities and also suggests some the measures that can be adopted to modify dental education to turn dentists to oral physicians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramandeep Singh Gambhir
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Gian Sagar Dental College and Hospital, Rajpura, Punjab, India
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13
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Shah NP, Goel R, McGurk M, Maroo A, Sproat C. Brief advice on alcohol: as easy as A...B...I? Br Dent J 2015; 218:13-7. [PMID: 25571814 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bdj.2014.1138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Alcohol is widely consumed by the majority of the UK population and alcohol-related harm is estimated to cost society £21 billion per year in healthcare, lost productivity costs, crime and antisocial behaviour. The dental setting offers an ideal opportunity to screen for harmful alcohol consumption; however, current emphasis is on the management of acute complications and risk associated in treating patients with excessive alcohol intake rather than screening and patient education. This article outlines ways in which dentists could improve their recognition of 'at risk' patients and then offer practical advice to help reduce the harmful effects of alcohol.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - M McGurk
- King's College London Dental Institute
| | - A Maroo
- GPT, Hillingdon Hospital, Middlesex, UB8 3NN
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Brown S, Henderson E, Sullivan C. The feasibility and acceptability of the provision of alcohol screening and brief advice in pharmacies for women accessing emergency contraception: an evaluation study. BMC Public Health 2014; 14:1139. [PMID: 25369791 PMCID: PMC4240821 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2458-14-1139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2013] [Accepted: 10/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is widely accepted that excessive drinking contributes to both health and social problems. There has been considerable interest in the potential of community pharmacies as a setting for health advice, and evidence suggests that interventions by pharmacists can be effective. Research on interventions relating to alcohol consumption in primary care has focused on general practice, and although some evidence exists about the efficacy of pharmacy interventions, little research to date has taken place in the UK. The aim of this study was to evaluate the acceptability of alcohol screening and brief interventions to women accessing emergency hormonal contraception (EHC) in community pharmacies. METHODS An initiative whereby women who accessed community pharmacies for EHC would be asked to complete an AUDIT questionnaire following their EHC consultation was introduced by a Primary Care Trust (PCT) in the North-East of England. The evaluation incorporated three strands: interviewing pharmacists (n = 14) about the implementation and acceptability of the initiative; interviewing clients (n = 22) identified as "low risk" to understand their perceptions of the initiative; conducting online follow-up surveys with clients in the "risky" group (n = 53) to evaluate the impact of the initiative on their alcohol consumption and contraceptive behaviour, as well as their perceptions of the service. RESULTS Pharmacists' attitudes towards screening were generally positive, although there were organisational obstacles to providing the service. Some felt uncertain about engaging clients in conversation about a sensitive topic. However, clients themselves did not report feeling embarrassed or upset, and most were happy to talk to the pharmacist and be given advice. Most clients felt that the pharmacist was an appropriate person to carry out alcohol screening and advice. CONCLUSIONS It is feasible for pharmacists to carry out screening and brief advice, and most customers find it acceptable. However, pharmacist take-up of the service and participation in the study was low. Pharmacists were enthusiastic about providing screening and other health promotion services; targeting different population groups for alcohol screening may be more successful. Delivery of the AUDIT tool by pharmacists may not obtain reliable responses from some specific client groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sally Brown
- School of Medicine, Pharmacy and Health, Durham University, Queen's Campus, Thornaby on Tees TS17 6BH, UK.
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Abstract
The United States is currently experiencing a primary care shortage. One solution to improving health care is to increase the utilization of existing health care providers, particularly dentists, an opportunity that has been largely ignored. By employing mid-level providers for less complex procedures to deliver more accessible dental care at lower cost, dentists can redistribute tasks to their office workforce. They can then serve as oral physicians who can provide limited preventive primary care, including screening for chronic diseases, while continuing to oversee all dental care, whether provided by dentists or non-dentists. Thus, they could improve the health of the US population as well as increase access to dental care at lower cost, while partially alleviating the primary care shortage by filling a need for the screening aspects of primary care.
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Acceptability of screening for early detection of liver disease in hazardous/harmful drinkers in primary care. Br J Gen Pract 2014; 63:e516-22. [PMID: 23972192 DOI: 10.3399/bjgp13x670642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is estimated that one-quarter of adults in the UK drink at harmful/hazardous levels leading to increased mortality and alcohol liver disease (ALD). The Alcohol Liver Disease Detection Study (ALDDeS) aimed to test out in primary care the feasibility of alcohol misuse screening in adults, using the AUDIT questionnaire, and to assess screening harmful/hazardous alcohol users for ALD using newer non-invasive serum markers of fibrosis. AIM To explore patients' experiences of taking part in ALDDeS and understanding of the delivery and process of screening for ALD using self-report questionnaires and feedback of liver fibrosis risk using levels of non-invasive serum markers. DESIGN AND SETTING A nested qualitative study based in five primary care practices in the UK. METHOD From a sample of patients who were identified as drinking at harmful/hazardous levels, 30 participants were identified by maximum variation sampling for qualitative in-depth interviews. Using the principles of constant comparison the transcribed interviews were thematically analysed. RESULTS Receiving a postal AUDIT questionnaire was viewed as acceptable by participants. For some completing the AUDIT increased awareness of their hazardous alcohol use and a positive blood test indicating liver fibrosis was a catalyst for behaviour change. For others, a negative blood test result provided a licence to continue drinking at hazardous levels. A limited understanding of safe drinking and of ALD was common. CONCLUSION Educational and training needs of primary care professionals must be taken into account, so that patients with marker levels indicating low risk of fibrosis are correctly informed about the likely risks of continuing to drink at the same levels.
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Neff JA, Kelley ML, Walters ST, Cunningham TD, Paulson JF, Braitman AL, Brickhouse TH, Gunsolley JC, Darby ML, Lemaster MF, Vandersluis JP, Walsh MM, Bolen H. Effectiveness of a Screening and Brief Intervention protocol for heavy drinkers in dental practice: A cluster-randomized trial. J Health Psychol 2014; 20:1534-48. [DOI: 10.1177/1359105313516660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Results of a cluster-randomized trial of a Screening and Brief Intervention for heavy drinkers in dental practice are reported. Data were obtained from 103 heavy drinking patients recruited from randomized intervention (7; n = 50) and control (6; n = 53) practices. Analysis of data revealed that 6-month decreases in total drinks per week were significantly ( p < .05) greater for heavy drinking intervention (43%) than control patients (21%)—a 4 drink per week difference. Similar decreases were obtained for quantity and frequency among intervention patients compared to control patients. Despite power limitations, the 6-month results support the effectiveness of the Screening and Brief Intervention.
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Miller PM, Ravenel MC, Mauldin MP, Sulkowski S, Lowndes A, Thomas SE. An Online Alcohol and Oral Health Curriculum for Dental Students. J Dent Educ 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/j.0022-0337.2014.78.1.tb05652.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter M. Miller
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences; College of Medicine and Professor of Stomatology and of Craniofacial Biology, College of Dental Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina
| | - Michele C. Ravenel
- Department of Stomatology; College of Dental Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina
| | - Mary P. Mauldin
- Center for Academic Research and Computing; Medical University of South Carolina
| | - Stanley Sulkowski
- Office of Instructional Technology and Faculty Resources; Medical University of South Carolina
| | - Arden Lowndes
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences; Medical University of South Carolina
| | - Suzanne E. Thomas
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences and Director; Office of Institutional Effectiveness, Medical University of South Carolina
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19
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Neff JA, Walters ST, Braitman AL, Kelley ML, Paulson JF, Brickhouse TH, Gunsolley JC, Darby ML, Lemaster MF, Vandersluis JP, Walsh MM. A brief motivational intervention for heavy alcohol use in dental practice settings: rationale and development. J Health Psychol 2012; 18:542-53. [PMID: 22837547 DOI: 10.1177/1359105312452314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Although brief alcohol interventions have proven effective in a variety of health care settings, the present article describes the development of the first brief intervention for heavy drinkers in dental practice. Elements of motivational interviewing and personalized normative feedback were incorporated in a 3- to 5-minute intervention delivered by dental hygienists. The intervention is guided by a one-page feedback report providing personalized normative feedback regarding the patient's current oral health practices, their drinking in comparison to others, and oral cancer risk associated with current smoking and drinking. Future publications will present data regarding intervention effectiveness from an ongoing randomized trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Alan Neff
- College of Health Sciences, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23529, USA.
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20
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Broyles LM, Rosenberger E, Hanusa BH, Kraemer KL, Gordon AJ. Hospitalized Patients’ Acceptability of Nurse-Delivered Screening, Brief Intervention, and Referral to Treatment. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2012; 36:725-31. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1530-0277.2011.01651.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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21
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Joseph BK, Sundaram DB, Sharma P. Oral cancer awareness among dentists in Kuwait. Med Princ Pract 2012; 21:164-70. [PMID: 22085918 DOI: 10.1159/000333543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2010] [Accepted: 09/21/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to assess oral cancer awareness among dentists in Kuwait. SUBJECTS AND METHODS A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 200 dentists working at the Ministry of Health Dental Centers and Kuwait University Dental Center using a structured questionnaire. Dentists' knowledge about risk factors of oral cancer and about diagnostic concepts, current practices and opinions, preferred point of referral as well as interest in continuing education were assessed and the responses were analyzed. RESULTS Of the 200 dentists surveyed, 153 responded (76.5% response rate). The mean knowledge score of the respondents was 20.6 ± 4.0 out of a total score of 30. Thirty-five (22.9%) dentists had consistently high knowledge scores for both risk factors and diagnostic concepts. Of the 153 dentists, 132 (86.3%) were interested in obtaining further information about oral cancer. CONCLUSION This study highlighted the need for improved knowledge and education of dental practitioners on oral cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bobby K Joseph
- Department of Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Kuwait University, Jabriya, Kuwait.
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22
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Patient awareness of oral cancer health advice in a dental access centre: a mixed methods study. Br Dent J 2011; 210:E9. [PMID: 21436799 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bdj.2011.201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/24/2010] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In the United Kingdom in 2006, 5,325 persons were diagnosed with oral cancer; and in 2007 it caused around 1,850 deaths. The purpose of this study was to assess the patient awareness, in a dental access centre, of a poster and leaflet campaign providing information about smoking and excess alcohol consumption as risk factors in the development of oral cancer, and to explore dental patients' beliefs and perceptions about these risk factors. METHODS Posters and leaflets providing information about risk factors for oral cancer were displayed in the patient waiting areas of a dental access centre. Data were collected prospectively in relation to the smoking and drinking habits of patients attending the centre. This information was used to categorise patients into one of four groups ranging from low to high consumption. During triage, patients were asked if they had read any of the information about oral cancer that was on display, and patients in the high risk groups were asked to participate in a semi-structured interview that would explore their knowledge about risk factors and their views on the delivery of healthcare messages in relation to oral cancer. RESULTS Data on risk status and exposure to the poster and leaflet campaign were collected for 1,161 patients attending during the study period. More than 50% of these patients were smokers, with 36% in the high or very high tobacco and alcohol use groups. Approximately 40% of patients within each consumption group had read any of the information available. Nine patients agreed to be interviewed and overall knowledge about risk factors for oral cancer, even after reading the information was poor. CONCLUSION Dental access centres attract a significant number of patients with lifestyle habits that make them vulnerable to oral cancer, and as such are well placed to deliver oral health messages to this high risk group. However, the delivery of information through a simple poster and leaflet campaign is likely to have limited impact.
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23
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Delivering alcohol screening and alcohol brief interventions within general dental practice: rationale and overview of the evidence. Br Dent J 2011; 210:E15. [PMID: 21566582 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bdj.2011.363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/07/2010] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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24
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Abdullah Jaber M. Dental practitioner's knowledge, opinions and methods of management of oral premalignancy and malignancy. Saudi Dent J 2011; 23:29-36. [PMID: 23960499 PMCID: PMC3723265 DOI: 10.1016/j.sdentj.2010.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2009] [Revised: 02/08/2010] [Accepted: 07/21/2010] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The present study outlines the results of a pilot study to determine the knowledge and awareness of a cohort of dentists in United Arab Emirates (UAE) regarding aetiology, clinical features and appropriate early management of oral premalignant and malignant lesions. MATERIALS AND METHODS A self-administered questionnaire was constructed and posted to 300 UAE Dental Practitoners (DPs), selected randomly from the register of Emirates Dental Association. The present report details the responses of this cohort. RESULTS 182 questionnaires were completed and returned (response rate 60.6%). One hundred and twenty-seven (69.8%) of the responding dentists were male and the median age of the DPs was 40 years (range 24-75 years). The majority (84%) practised or had practised in or around Dubai and Sharjah, 75% had graduated from a dental school after 1980. Eighty-two respondents (45.0%) had attended specific courses on premalignant or malignant oral lesions. During their undergraduate training 70% of DPs had witnessed more than 10 patients with oral SCC. Only 60.4% of respondents indicated that the tobacco and alcohol use were the principle causes of oral SCC while 19.7% suggested that HIV disease was a risk factor for oral SCC. 29% of DPs routinely recorded the tobacco or alcohol use of their patients and only 3.8% offered advice to patients regarding modification of these habits. Eight-three percent of the respondents suggested that clinical screening was an effective means of reducing the frequency of premalignant and malignant oral lesions. CONCLUSIONS In view of the gradual rise in oral malignancy worldwide there is an increased need for DPs to be able to recognize the signs and symptoms of oral malignancy and premalignancy, provide appropriate preventive advice and be aware of the appropriate early management of patients with such oral lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Abdullah Jaber
- College of Dentistry, Surgical Sciences Department, Ajman University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 346, United Arab Emirates
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25
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Silveira ML, Chattopadhyay A. Need for an Ethical Framework for Testing for Systemic Diseases in Dental Clinics. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 2:115-136. [PMID: 24600534 DOI: 10.1615/ethicsbiologyengmed.2012004545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Testing for systemic diseases in dental clinics is a potentially attractive avenue for oral health professionals and may be viewed as an opportunity to increase professional reach, expand practice, and improve financial returns. However, several ethical questions arise that must be addressed before such activities are adopted. (1) What should be the level of training dentists must acquire to deal with challenges associated with testing? (2) How well are dental practices aware of and compliant with the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act and procedures related to informed consent? (3) What is the evidence regarding acceptability and effectiveness of testing? (4) What should be the acceptable standard of practice for conduct of invasive and noninvasive tests? (5) What is the boundary delineating "testing" and "reporting" vis-à-vis counseling? (6) What is the value of testing without counseling? (7) What assurances need to be in place to ensure voluntariness of testing? (8) How would data from testing be used in "research," especially with the growth of practice based research networks? and (9) Does the American Dental Association Code of Ethics need to incorporate guidance for practicing dentists? We discuss how ethical principles can be used to develop a framework of guidelines for potential testing for systemic diseases in dental clinics..
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Amit Chattopadhyay
- Office of Science Policy and Analysis National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
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26
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Potash AE, Karnell LH, Christensen AJ, Vander Weg MW, Funk GF. Continued alcohol use in patients with head and neck cancer. Head Neck 2010; 32:905-12. [PMID: 19918984 DOI: 10.1002/hed.21281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The effect of posttreatment alcohol consumption on health-related quality of life (QOL) and factors predicting overall QOL and continued alcohol consumption were examined in patients with head and neck cancer. METHODS Self-reported alcohol use and abuse 1 year after diagnosis was analyzed. RESULTS Although current drinkers (44.5% of 283 patients) had better overall QOL and fewer depressive symptoms, current social drinkers had the best scores, whereas current problem drinkers had the worst. Female sex, fewer depressive symptoms, less pain, and better eating function predicted better QOL. Oral function was the only predictor of 12-month alcohol use. CONCLUSION Depression, pain, and eating function predicted overall QOL. Alcohol consumption was not associated with QOL, but was associated with better oral function, which in turn predicted better QOL. Alcohol consumption itself does not improve QOL in this population, and these patients should be counseled regarding detrimental effects of continued drinking after treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea E Potash
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Iowa College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
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27
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Reed SG, Cartmell KB, Duffy NG, Wahlquist AE, Sinha D, Hollinger A, Bode A, Alberg AJ, Day TA. Oral cancer preventive practices of South Carolina dentists and physicians. JOURNAL OF CANCER EDUCATION : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR CANCER EDUCATION 2010; 25:166-173. [PMID: 20082174 DOI: 10.1007/s13187-009-0025-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to assess the South Carolina (SC) dentists' and physicians' oral cancer knowledge and practices and interest in training in oral cancer screening and tobacco cessation counseling. Method used was a cross-sectional survey of SC dentists and selected physician specialties with responses to mailed questionnaires summarized by descriptive statistics and chi-square tests for comparisons. Overall response rates were 58%for dentists and 44% for physicians. Dentists (81%) and 13% of the physicians reported conduct of oral cancer examinations at least half of the time over the past 12 months. Dentists (41%) and 83% of physicians assisted patients to quit smoking. Few dentists (19%) and 53% of physicians were aware of SC tobacco cessation resources. Dentists (40%) and physicians (37%) were interested in receiving training in oral cancer screening, and 36% and 49%, respectively, in training in tobacco cessation counseling. Results support the development of tailored education for SC dentists and physicians to achieve Healthy People 2010 Oral Health Objectives for Oral Cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan G Reed
- Department of Craniofacial Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, 173 Ashley Avenue, MSC 507, Charleston, SC 29425-5070, USA.
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Roberts SCM, Nuru-Jeter A. Women's perspectives on screening for alcohol and drug use in prenatal care. Womens Health Issues 2010; 20:193-200. [PMID: 20457407 PMCID: PMC2869475 DOI: 10.1016/j.whi.2010.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2009] [Revised: 02/17/2010] [Accepted: 02/17/2010] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Screening for alcohol and drug use in prenatal care is widely promoted in the United States as a public health strategy for reducing alcohol and drug use during pregnancy. However, the published literature does not consider women's perspectives or the potential negative ramifications of screening. METHODS Twenty semistructured interviews and two focus groups (n = 38) were conducted with a racially/ethnically diverse sample of low-income pregnant and parenting women using alcohol and/or drugs in a northern California county. RESULTS Most women were averse to having drug but not alcohol use identified and were mistrustful of providers' often inconspicuous efforts to discover drug use. Women expected psychological, social, and legal consequences from being identified, including feelings of maternal failure, judgment by providers, and reports to Child Protective Services. Women did not trust providers to protect them from these consequences. Rather, they took steps to protect themselves. They avoided and emotionally disengaged from prenatal care, attempted to stop using substances that could be detected by urine tests before prenatal care visits, and shared strategies within social networks for gaining the benefits of prenatal care while avoiding its negative consequences. CONCLUSION Considerations of the public health impact of screening for drug use in prenatal care should account for the implications of women's physical avoidance of and emotional disengagement from prenatal care, specifically the direct effects of late, limited, and no prenatal care on pregnancy outcomes and missed opportunities for health promoting interventions.
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Shepherd S, Young L, Clarkson JE, Bonetti D, Ogden GR. General dental practitioner views on providing alcohol related health advice; an exploratory study. Br Dent J 2010; 208:E13; discussion 304-5. [DOI: 10.1038/sj.bdj.2010.342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/24/2009] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Chang WH, Yang YH, Liou SH, Liu CW, Chen CY, Fuh LJ, Huang SL, Yang CY, Wu TN. Effects of mixology courses and blood lead levels on dental caries among students. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2010; 38:222-7. [PMID: 20353453 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0528.2009.00518.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Dental caries can be affected by alcohol consumption. Alcohol consumption also increases blood lead levels (BLLs) in humans and BLLs have been correlated with caries. Culinary students participate in mixology courses on either an elective or a mandatory basis. Therefore, we conducted this study to elucidate the effects of mixology courses and elevated BLLs on dental caries among students. METHODS This study had a cross-sectional design. We recruited first-year at one hospitality college and one university in southern Taiwan in September 2004. We applied a questionnaire, collected a blood specimen and performed a dental caries examination for each student. The subjects comprised 133 students who had ever participated in a mixology course (≥2 credits) during high school (exposure group) and 160 who had not participated in such a course (control group). RESULTS Compared with the control group, the exposure group had a higher prevalence of a DMFT index ≥ 0 (92.5% versus 81.2%, P = 0.005), a higher DMFT index [5.59 ± 3.53 (mean ± SD) versus 4.21 ± 3.64 teeth, P ≤ 0.001], and a higher BLL (3.12 ± 1.02 versus 2.67 ± 0.83 μg/dl, P = ≤ 0.001). After adjustment for potential confounders, dental caries was significantly associated with participation in a mixology course. CONCLUSIONS Alcohol exposure associated with participation in a mixology course may have an effect on caries in students. These findings suggest that occupational safety and health education should be applied to students participating in mixology courses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Hsiang Chang
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan Division of Environmental Health and Occupational Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan Graduate Institute of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan Institute of Environmental Health, College of Public Health, China Medical University and Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan School of Dentistry, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan Department of Baking Technology and Management, Kaoshiung Culinary College, Kaohsiung, Taiwan Faculty of Public Health, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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31
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Is there scope for providing oral cancer health advice in dental access centres? Br Dent J 2008; 205:E16; discussion 452-3. [DOI: 10.1038/sj.bdj.2008.875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/27/2008] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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