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Ali S, Mowery R, Hoff RT. Regarding "Issues of informed consent for non-specialists conducting colorectal cancer screenings". J Osteopath Med 2024; 0:jom-2024-0026. [PMID: 38855807 DOI: 10.1515/jom-2024-0026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Sareena Ali
- Department of Medicine, 21886 Advocate Lutheran General Hospital , Park Ridge, IL, USA
| | - Robert Mowery
- Department of Medicine, 21886 Advocate Lutheran General Hospital , Park Ridge, IL, USA
| | - Ryan T Hoff
- 144559 PeaceHealth Southwest Medical Center , Vancouver, WA, USA
- Elson S. Floyd College of Medicine, Washington State University, Vancouver, WA, USA
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2
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Jacobsson M, Wagner V, Kanneganti S. Screening for Colorectal Cancer. Surg Clin North Am 2024; 104:595-607. [PMID: 38677823 DOI: 10.1016/j.suc.2023.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer remains the third leading cause of cancer death in the United States. Colorectal cancer screening allows for prevention and early detection of precancerous and cancerous lesions, and screening has been shown to be effective in preventing colorectal cancer deaths. Screening recommendations vary by patient risk profile. A variety of screening modalities exist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Jacobsson
- Virginia Mason Franciscan Health, St. Joseph Medical Center General Surgery Residency, 1708 South Yakima Avenue Suite 105 & 112, Tacoma, WA 98408, USA
| | - Vitas Wagner
- Virginia Mason Franciscan Health, St. Joseph Medical Center General Surgery Residency, 1708 South Yakima Avenue Suite 105 & 112, Tacoma, WA 98408, USA
| | - Shalini Kanneganti
- Virginia Mason Franciscan Health, Franciscan Surgical Associates at St. Joseph, 1708 South Yakima Avenue Suite 105 & 112, Tacoma, WA 98405, USA.
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Tanadi C, Tandarto K, Stella MM, Sutanto KW, Steffanus M, Tenggara R, Bestari MB. Colorectal cancer screening guidelines for average-risk and high-risk individuals: A systematic review. ROMANIAN JOURNAL OF INTERNAL MEDICINE = REVUE ROUMAINE DE MEDECINE INTERNE 2024; 62:101-123. [PMID: 38153878 DOI: 10.2478/rjim-2023-0038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
AIMS This review aims to summarize the different colorectal cancer guidelines for average-risk and high-risk individuals from various countries. METHODS A comprehensive literature search regarding guidelines, consensus recommendations, or position statements about colorectal cancer screening published within the last 10 years (1st January 2012 to 27th August 2022), was performed at EBSCOhost, JSTOR, PubMed, ProQuest, SAGE, and ScienceDirect. RESULTS A total of 18 guidelines were included in this review. Most guidelines recommended screening between 45 and 75 years for average-risk individuals. Recommendations regarding colorectal cancer screening in high-risk individuals were more varied and depended on the risk factor. For high-risk individuals with a positive family history of colorectal cancer or advanced colorectal polyp, screening should begin at age 40. Some frequently suggested screening modalities in order of frequency are colonoscopy, FIT, and CTC. Furthermore, several screening intervals were suggested, including colonoscopy every 10 years for average-risk and every 5-10 years for high-risk individuals, FIT annually in average-risk and every 1-2 years in high-risk individuals, and CTC every five years for all individuals. CONCLUSION All individuals with average-risk should undergo colorectal cancer screening between 45 and 75. Meanwhile, individuals with higher risks, such as those with a positive family history, should begin screening at age 40. Several recommended screening modalities were suggested, including colonoscopy every 10 years in average-risk and every 5-10 years in high-risk, FIT annually in average-risk and every 1-2 years in high-risk, and CTC every five years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Tanadi
- 1Medical Profession Study Program, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Kevin Tandarto
- 2Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Maureen Miracle Stella
- 1Medical Profession Study Program, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Kenny Wijaya Sutanto
- 1Medical Profession Study Program, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Mario Steffanus
- 2Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Riki Tenggara
- 2Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
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Sonoda K, Sales J, Bello JK, Grucza RA, Scherrer JF. Colorectal Cancer Screening Among Individuals With a Substance Use Disorder: A Retrospective Cohort Study. AJPM FOCUS 2024; 3:100218. [PMID: 38596162 PMCID: PMC11001631 DOI: 10.1016/j.focus.2024.100218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Introduction There is limited evidence on colorectal cancer screening among individuals with a substance use disorder. This study aims to investigate the association between personal history of a substance use disorder and colorectal cancer colonoscopy screening completion rates. Methods This retrospective cohort study analyzed 176,300 patients, of whom 171,973 had no substance use disorder and 4,327 had a substance use disorder diagnosis from electronic health record data (January 1, 2008-December 31, 2022) in a Midwestern healthcare system. Baseline was January 1, 2013, and a 10-year follow-up period ran through December 31, 2022. The outcome was receipt of colonoscopy in the 10-year follow-up period. Patients were aged 50-65 years at baseline, meaning that they were eligible for a colonoscopy through the entirety of the 10-year follow-up period. Covariates included demographics (age, race, and neighborhood SES), health services utilization, psychiatric and physical comorbidities, and prior colonoscopy or fecal occult blood testing. Entropy balancing was used to control for confounding in weighted log-binomial models calculating RR and 95% CIs. Results Patients were on average aged 57.1 (±4.5) years, 58.2% were female, 81.0% were White, and 16.9% were of Black race. The most prevalent comorbidities were obesity (29.6%) and hypertension (29.4%), followed by smoking/nicotine dependence (21.0%). The most prevalent psychiatric comorbidity was depression (6.4%), followed by anxiety disorder (4.5%). During the 10-year follow-up period, 40.3% of eligible patients completed a colorectal cancer colonoscopy screening test, and individuals with a substance use disorder diagnosis were significantly less likely to receive a colorectal cancer colonoscopy screening test both prior to and after controlling for confounding (RR=0.73; 95% CI=0.70, 0.77 and RR=0.81; 95% CI=0.74, 0.89, respectively). Results were not modified by sex, race, psychiatric comorbidity, or neighborhood SES. Conclusions Personal history of substance use disorder was independently associated with lower screening completion rates. Healthcare professionals should recognize unique barriers among individuals with substance use disorder and then address them individually as a multidisciplinary team in the outpatient setting to reduce this health disparity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kento Sonoda
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Joanne Sales
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
- The AHEAD Institute, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Jennifer K. Bello
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Richard A. Grucza
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
- The AHEAD Institute, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Jeffrey F. Scherrer
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
- The AHEAD Institute, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
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5
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McClellan SP, Khan T, Rafferty H, Wong J, La S, Patel S, Somsouk M. The effect of mailed outreach on FIT completion among patients aged 45-50 in a safety net healthcare system. Cancer Causes Control 2024:10.1007/s10552-024-01889-x. [PMID: 38822978 DOI: 10.1007/s10552-024-01889-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Colorectal cancer screening is recommended starting at age 45, but there has been little research on strategies to promote screening in patients younger than 50. METHODS An outreach program quasi-randomly assigned patients aged 45-50 without recent fecal immunochemical test (FIT), colonoscopy or contraindications to screening to two intervention arms: electronic outreach with email and text (electronic outreach only) versus electronic outreach plus mailed outreach with FIT, an instructional letter and a prepaid return envelope (mailed + electronic outreach). In response to known disparities in screening uptake, all Black patients were assigned to receive mailed + electronic outreach. RESULTS Among patients quasi-randomly assigned to an intervention (non-Black patients), the 180-day FIT completion rate was 18.8% in the electronic outreach only group (n = 1,318) and 25.0% in the mailed + electronic outreach group (n = 1,364) (difference 6.2% [95% CI 3.0, 9.4]). FIT completion was 16.6% among Black patients (n = 469), 8.4% (95% CI 4.1, 12.6) lower than among non-Black patients also assigned to mailed + electronic outreach. CONCLUSION Among patients aged 45-50, mailed + electronic outreach had a greater effect on FIT completion than electronic outreach alone. Crossover between intervention groups likely lead to an underestimation of the effect of mailed outreach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean P McClellan
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - Tanya Khan
- Division of Gastroenterology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Jonathan Wong
- San Francisco Health Network, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Sylvia La
- San Francisco Health Network, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Shreya Patel
- Division of Gastroenterology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Ma Somsouk
- Division of Gastroenterology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco, CA, USA
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Adegbulugbe AA, Farah E, Ruan Y, Yong JHE, Cheung WY, Brenner DR. The projected health and economic impact of increased colorectal cancer screening participation among Canadians by income quintile. CANADIAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH = REVUE CANADIENNE DE SANTE PUBLIQUE 2024; 115:384-394. [PMID: 38502494 PMCID: PMC11133258 DOI: 10.17269/s41997-024-00868-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Disparities in colorectal cancer (CRC) screening uptake by socioeconomic status have been observed in Canada. We used the OncoSim-Colorectal model to evaluate the health and economic outcomes associated with increasing the participation rates of CRC screening programs to 60% among Canadians in different income quintiles. METHODS Baseline CRC screening participation rates were obtained from the 2017 Canadian Community Health Survey. The survey participants were categorized into income quintiles using their reported household income and 2016 Canadian Census income quintile thresholds. Within each quintile, the participation rate was the proportion of respondents aged 50-74 who reported having had a fecal test in the past two years. Using the OncoSim-Colorectal model, we simulated an increase in CRC screening uptake to 60% across income quintiles to assess the effects on CRC incidence, mortality, and associated economic costs from 2024 to 2073. RESULTS Increasing CRC screening participation rates to 60% across all income quintiles would prevent 69,100 CRC cases and 36,600 CRC deaths over 50 years. The improvement of clinical outcomes would also translate to increased person-years and health-adjusted person-years. The largest impact was observed in the lowest income group, with 22,200 cases and 11,700 deaths prevented over 50 years. Increased participation could lead to higher screening costs ($121 million CAD more per year) and lower treatments costs ($95 million CAD less per year), averaged over the period 2024-2073. CONCLUSION Increased screening participation will improve clinical outcomes across all income groups while alleviating associated treatment costs. The benefits of increased participation will be strongest among the lowest income quintile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abisola A Adegbulugbe
- Department of Oncology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Eliya Farah
- Department of Oncology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Yibing Ruan
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Research, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Jean H E Yong
- Canadian Partnership Against Cancer, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Winson Y Cheung
- Department of Oncology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Research, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Darren R Brenner
- Department of Oncology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Research, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, AB, Canada.
- Forzani & MacPhail Colon Cancer Screening Centre, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, AB, Canada.
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7
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Jin W, Huang K, Zhang M, Gao W, Luo Q, Ye X, Yuan Z. Global, regional, and national cancer burdens of respiratory and digestive tracts in 1990-2044: A cross-sectional and age-period-cohort forecast study. Cancer Epidemiol 2024; 91:102583. [PMID: 38815482 DOI: 10.1016/j.canep.2024.102583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Understanding the current status and future trends of cancer burdens by systems provides important information for specialists, policymakers, and specific risk populations. METHODS The aim of this study was to compare the current and future cancer burdens of the gastrointestinal (GI) and respiratory tracts in terms of their magnitude and distribution. Data from a total of eight cancers of the digestive and respiratory tracts in the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) database were collected. The age-standardized incidence/death rates (ASIR/ASDRs), disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), and estimated annual percentage changes (EAPCs) were analyzed. Future trends were predicted with Bayesian age-period-cohort (BAPC) and NORDPRED models. RESULTS In 2019, there was a significant increase in DALY for both digestive and respiratory tract cancers compared to 1990. Meanwhile, ASIR increased slightly and ASDR decreased notably. In 2019, the global cancer burdens of respiratory and digestive tracts were 38568363.53 and 66912328.72 in DALY, 34.28 and 55.32 in ASIR, and 656.82 and 808.22 in ASDR per 100,000 population with changes of +54.63% and +43.93%, +2.92% and +5.65%, and -17.39% and -26.83% compared to those in 1990, respectively. Significant cross-regional differences in the cancer burdens were observed among the regions. Compared to four representative chronic diseases, the burden of cancers showed less remission and greater global inequalities. The burdens of both digestive and respiratory tract cancers were higher in males than in females in terms of the ASIR, ASDR, and DALY. The incidence and mortality rates of respiratory tract cancers were up to 3-4 times higher in males than in females, whereas the difference between male and female rates of digestive tract cancers was relatively smaller. The main risk factor associated with all kinds of digestive and respiratory tract cancers is tobacco, leading to 18.5 in ASDR and 3.38×107 in DALY for respiratory tract cancers; 8.29 in ASDR and 1.60×107 in DALY for digestive tract cancers, in 2019. Additionally, alcohol use contributes to most digestive and respiratory tract cancers (1.23/1.03 in ASDR and 1.60×106/2.57×106 in DALY for respiratory tract cancers; 4.19/3.82 in ASDR and 4.49×106/8.06×106 in DALY for digestive tract cancers), except for stomach cancer and tracheal, bronchus, and lung cancer. The cancer burdens of respiratory and digestive tracts are likely to decrease substantially between 2020 and 2044. For most metrics, except for the ASIR and male-to-female ratios of ASDR and ASDALY in digestive tract cancers, the worldwide variances of burden metrics have been decreasing in the past decades and will possibly maintain stable trends in the future. CONCLUSIONS The epidemiology of respiratory and GI tract cancers has common features and individual characteristics that are reflected in geography, age characteristics, and risk factors. Current epidemiological status, future trends, and the globalization of these disease burdens are important factors for making scientific planning of resources to minimize the cancer burden metrics and their cross-regional inequalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiqiu Jin
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Research Institute, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC), Chengdu 610041, China; Shanghai Lung Cancer Center, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China.
| | - Kaichen Huang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Mengwei Zhang
- Department of Liver Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weitong Gao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Qingquan Luo
- Shanghai Lung Cancer Center, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China.
| | - Xiaodan Ye
- Department of Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, Shanghai, 200032, China; Department of Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Zheng Yuan
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China.
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Malani K, Elfanagely Y, Promrat K. Lack of Adherence to Guidelines on Follow-Up Colonoscopy after an Abnormal Stool Occult Blood Test. J Gastrointest Cancer 2024:10.1007/s12029-024-01039-1. [PMID: 38764006 DOI: 10.1007/s12029-024-01039-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Kanika Malani
- The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, Rhode, Island.
| | - Yousef Elfanagely
- Division of Gastroenterology, Brown University, Providence, Rhode, Island
| | - Kittichai Promrat
- Division of Gastroenterology, Brown University, Providence, Rhode, Island
- Section of Gastroenterology, Providence Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Providence, Rhode, Island
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Jagtap N, Kalapala R, Rughwani H, Singh AP, Inavolu P, Ramchandani M, Lakhtakia S, Manohar Reddy P, Sekaran A, Tandan M, Nabi Z, Basha J, Gupta R, Memon SF, Venkat Rao G, Sharma P, Nageshwar Reddy D. Application of machine-learning model to optimize colonic adenoma detection in India. Indian J Gastroenterol 2024:10.1007/s12664-024-01530-4. [PMID: 38758433 DOI: 10.1007/s12664-024-01530-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
AIMS There is limited data on the prevalence and risk factors of colonic adenoma from the Indian sub-continent. We aimed at developing a machine-learning model to optimize colonic adenoma detection in a prospective cohort. METHODS All consecutive adult patients undergoing diagnostic colonoscopy were enrolled between October 2020 and November 2022. Patients with a high risk of colonic adenoma were excluded. The predictive model was developed using the gradient-boosting machine (GBM)-learning method. The GBM model was optimized further by adjusting the learning rate and the number of trees and 10-fold cross-validation. RESULTS Total 10,320 patients (mean age 45.18 ± 14.82 years; 69% men) were included in the study. In the overall population, 1152 (11.2%) patients had at least one adenoma. In patients with age > 50 years, hospital-based adenoma prevalence was 19.5% (808/4144). The area under the receiver operating curve (AUC) (SD) of the logistic regression model was 72.55% (4.91), while the AUCs for deep learning, decision tree, random forest and gradient-boosted tree model were 76.25% (4.22%), 65.95% (4.01%), 79.38% (4.91%) and 84.76% (2.86%), respectively. After model optimization and cross-validation, the AUC of the gradient-boosted tree model has increased to 92.2% (1.1%). CONCLUSIONS Machine-learning models may predict colorectal adenoma more accurately than logistic regression. A machine-learning model may help optimize the use of colonoscopy to prevent colorectal cancers. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov (ID: NCT04512729).
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Affiliation(s)
- Nitin Jagtap
- Department of Medical Gastroenterology, Asian Institute of Gastroenterology, Hyderabad, 500 082, India.
| | - Rakesh Kalapala
- Department of Medical Gastroenterology, Asian Institute of Gastroenterology, Hyderabad, 500 082, India
| | - Hardik Rughwani
- Department of Medical Gastroenterology, Asian Institute of Gastroenterology, Hyderabad, 500 082, India
| | - Aniruddha Pratap Singh
- Department of Medical Gastroenterology, Asian Institute of Gastroenterology, Hyderabad, 500 082, India
| | - Pradev Inavolu
- Department of Medical Gastroenterology, Asian Institute of Gastroenterology, Hyderabad, 500 082, India
| | - Mohan Ramchandani
- Department of Medical Gastroenterology, Asian Institute of Gastroenterology, Hyderabad, 500 082, India
| | - Sundeep Lakhtakia
- Department of Medical Gastroenterology, Asian Institute of Gastroenterology, Hyderabad, 500 082, India
| | - P Manohar Reddy
- Department of Medical Gastroenterology, Asian Institute of Gastroenterology, Hyderabad, 500 082, India
| | - Anuradha Sekaran
- Department of Pathology, Asian Institute of Gastroenterology, Hyderabad, 500 082, India
| | - Manu Tandan
- Department of Medical Gastroenterology, Asian Institute of Gastroenterology, Hyderabad, 500 082, India
| | - Zaheer Nabi
- Department of Medical Gastroenterology, Asian Institute of Gastroenterology, Hyderabad, 500 082, India
| | - Jahangeer Basha
- Department of Medical Gastroenterology, Asian Institute of Gastroenterology, Hyderabad, 500 082, India
| | - Rajesh Gupta
- Department of Medical Gastroenterology, Asian Institute of Gastroenterology, Hyderabad, 500 082, India
| | - Sana Fathima Memon
- Department of Medical Gastroenterology, Asian Institute of Gastroenterology, Hyderabad, 500 082, India
| | - G Venkat Rao
- Department of Surgical Gastroenterology, Asian Institute of Gastroenterology, Hyderabad 500 082, India
| | - Prateek Sharma
- The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - D Nageshwar Reddy
- Department of Medical Gastroenterology, Asian Institute of Gastroenterology, Hyderabad, 500 082, India
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Maoz A, Rodriguez NJ, Yurgelun MB, Syngal S. Gastrointestinal Cancer Precursor Conditions and Their Detection. Hematol Oncol Clin North Am 2024:S0889-8588(24)00044-3. [PMID: 38760197 DOI: 10.1016/j.hoc.2024.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
Gastrointestinal cancers are a leading cause of cancer morbidity and mortality. Many gastrointestinal cancers develop from cancer precursor lesions, which are commonly found in individuals with hereditary cancer syndromes. Hereditary cancer syndromes have advanced our understanding of cancer development and progression and have facilitated the evaluation of cancer prevention and interception efforts. Common gastrointestinal hereditary cancer syndromes, including their organ-specific cancer risk and surveillance recommendations, are reviewed in this article. The management of common gastroesophageal, pancreatic, and colonic precursor lesions is also discussed, regardless of their genetic background. Further research is needed to advance chemoprevention and immunoprevention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asaf Maoz
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 450 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. https://twitter.com/asaf_maoz
| | - Nicolette J Rodriguez
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endoscopy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 75 Francis Street, Boston MA 02115, USA; Division of Cancer Genetics and Prevention, 450 Brookline Avenue, Boston MA 02215, USA. https://twitter.com/Dr_NJRodriguez
| | - Matthew B Yurgelun
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 450 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. https://twitter.com/MattYurgelun
| | - Sapna Syngal
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 450 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
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Cortiana V, Joshi M, Chorya H, Vallabhaneni H, Kannan S, Coloma HS, Park CH, Leyfman Y. Reimagining Colorectal Cancer Screening: Innovations and Challenges with Dr. Aasma Shaukat. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:1898. [PMID: 38791975 PMCID: PMC11119477 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16101898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) currently ranks as the third most common cancer and the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide, posing a significant global health burden to the population. Recent studies have reported the emergence of a new clinical picture of the disease, with a notable increase in CRC rates in younger populations of <50 years of age. The American Cancer Society (ACS) now recommends CRC screening starting at age 45 for average-risk individuals. Dr. Aasma Shaukat's Keynote Conference highlights the critical need for updated screening strategies, with an emphasis on addressing the suboptimal adherence rates and the effective management of the growing burden of CRC. Lowering the adenoma detection screening age can facilitate early identification of adenomas in younger asymptomatic patients, altering the epidemiologic landscape. However, its implications may not be as profound unless a drastic shift in the age distribution of CRC is observed. Currently, various screening options are available in practice, including stool-based tests like multitarget stool DNA (mtDNA) tests, fecal immunochemical testing (FIT), and imaging-based tests. In addition to existing screening methods, blood-based tests are now emerging as promising tools for early CRC detection. These tests leverage innovative techniques along with AI and machine learning algorithms, aiding in tumor detection at a significantly earlier stage, which was not possible before. Medicare mandates specific criteria for national coverage of blood-based tests, including sensitivity ≥ 74%, specificity ≥ 90%, FDA approval, and inclusion in professional society guidelines. Ongoing clinical trials, such as Freenome, Guardant, and CancerSEEK, offer hope for further advancements in blood-based CRC screening. The development of multicancer early detection tests like GRAIL demonstrates a tremendous potential for detecting various solid tumors and hematologic malignancies. Despite these breakthroughs, the question of accessibility and affordability still stands. The ever-evolving landscape of CRC screening reflects the strength of the scientific field in light of an altered disease epidemiology. Lowering screening age along with the integration of blood-based tests with existing screening methods holds great potential in reducing the CRC-related burden. At the same time, it is increasingly important to address the challenges of adaptation of the healthcare system to this change in the epidemiologic paradigm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viviana Cortiana
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Muskan Joshi
- Tbilisi State Medical University, Tbilisi 0186, Georgia
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Yan Leyfman
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA;
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Li J, Peng Z, Wang X, Zhang S, Sun J, Li Y, Zhang Q, Shi L, Li H, Tian Z, Feng Y, Mu J, Tang N, Wang X, Li W, Pei Z. Development and validation of a novel colonoscopy withdrawal time indicator based on YOLOv5. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2024. [PMID: 38710592 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.16596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM The study aims to introduce a novel indicator, effective withdrawal time (WTS), which measures the time spent actively searching for suspicious lesions during colonoscopy and to compare WTS and the conventional withdrawal time (WT). METHODS Colonoscopy video data from 472 patients across two hospitals were retrospectively analyzed. WTS was computed through a combination of artificial intelligence (AI) and manual verification. The results obtained through WTS were compared with those generated by the AI system. Patients were categorized into four groups based on the presence of polyps and whether resections or biopsies were performed. Bland Altman plots were utilized to compare AI-computed WTS with manually verified WTS. Scatterplots were used to illustrate WTS within the four groups, among different hospitals, and across various physicians. A parallel box plot was employed to depict the proportions of WTS relative to WT within each of the four groups. RESULTS The study included 472 patients, with a median age of 55 years, and 57.8% were male. A significant correlation with manually verified WTS (r = 0.918) was observed in AI-computed WTS. Significant differences in WTS/WT among the four groups were revealed by the parallel box plot (P < 0.001). The group with no detected polyps had the highest WTS/WT, with a median of 0.69 (interquartile range: 0.40, 0.97). WTS patterns were found to be varied between the two hospitals and among senior and junior physicians. CONCLUSIONS A promising alternative to traditional WT for quality control and training assessment in colonoscopy is offered by AI-assisted computation of WTS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Li
- Medical School, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Ziye Peng
- Medical School, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiangyu Wang
- Medical School, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Shuyi Zhang
- Department of Endoscopy, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, China
| | - Jiayi Sun
- Department of Endoscopy, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, China
| | - Yanru Li
- Department of Endoscopy, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of Endoscopy, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, China
| | - Lei Shi
- Department of Endoscopy, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, China
| | - Hongzhou Li
- Department of Endoscopy, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhenggang Tian
- Department of Endoscopy, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, China
| | - Yue Feng
- TEDA Yujin Digestive Health Industry Research Institute. Ltd., Tianjin, China
| | - Jinbao Mu
- TEDA Yujin Digestive Health Industry Research Institute. Ltd., Tianjin, China
| | - Nan Tang
- Tianjin Center for Medical Devices Evaluation and Inspection, Tianjin, China
| | - Ximo Wang
- Tianjin Third Central Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Wen Li
- Department of Endoscopy, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhengcun Pei
- Medical School, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
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Xu R, Shen J, Song Y, Lu J, Liu Y, Cao Y, Wang Z, Zhang J. Exploration of the application potential of serum multi-biomarker model in colorectal cancer screening. Sci Rep 2024; 14:10127. [PMID: 38698075 PMCID: PMC11066011 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-60867-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Analyzing blood lipid and bile acid profile changes in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. Evaluating the integrated model's diagnostic significance for CRC. Ninety-one individuals with colorectal cancer (CRC group) and 120 healthy volunteers (HC group) were selected for comparison. Serum levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and apolipoproteins (Apo) A1, ApoA2, ApoB, ApoC2, and ApoC3 were measured using immunoturbidimetric and colorimetric methods. Additionally, LC-MS/MS was employed to detect fifteen bile acids in the serum, along with six tumor markers: carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), carbohydrate antigens (CA) 125, CA19-9, CA242, CA50, and CA72-4. Group comparisons utilized independent sample t-tests and Mann-Whitney U tests. A binary logistic regression algorithm was applied to fit the indicators and establish a screening model; the diagnostic accuracy of individual Indicators and the model was analyzed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. The CRC group showed significantly lower levels in eight serum lipid indicators and eleven bile acids compared to the HC group (P < 0.05). Conversely, serum levels of TG, CA19-9, and CEA were elevated (P < 0.05). Among the measured parameters, ApoA2 stands out for its strong correlation with the presence of CRC, showcasing exceptional screening efficacy with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.957, a sensitivity of 85.71%, and a specificity of 93.33%. The screening model, integrating ApoA1, ApoA2, lithocholic acid (LCA), and CEA, attained an impressive AUC of 0.995, surpassing the diagnostic accuracy of individual lipids, bile acids, and tumor markers. CRC patients manifest noteworthy alterations in both blood lipids and bile acid profiles. A screening model incorporating ApoA1, ApoA2, LCA, and CEA provides valuable insights for detecting CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runhao Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Renji Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200001, China
| | - Jianan Shen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Renji Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200001, China
| | - Yan Song
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Renji Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200001, China
| | - Jingbo Lu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Renji Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200001, China
| | - Yijing Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Renji Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200001, China
| | - Yun Cao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Renji Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200001, China
| | - Zhenhua Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renji Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200001, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Renji Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200001, China.
- , 145 Middle Shandong Road, Shanghai, China.
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Zhang YY, Vimala R, Chui PL, Hilmi IN. An abdominal vibration combined with walking exercise (AVCWE) program for older patients with constipation: Development and feasibility study. Saudi J Gastroenterol 2024; 30:173-180. [PMID: 38629327 DOI: 10.4103/sjg.sjg_387_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Older patients with constipation are at higher risk for inadequate bowel preparation, but there are currently no targeted strategies. This study aims to develop an abdominal vibration combined with walking exercise (AVCWE) program and assess its feasibility among older patients with constipation. METHODS Phase I: Using the Delphi technique, eight experts across three professional fields were consulted to develop the AVCWE program. The experts evaluated and provided recommendations on demonstration videos and detailed descriptions of the preliminary protocol. Phase II: A single-arm feasibility study of the AVCWE program was conducted on 30 older patients with constipation undergoing colonoscopy at a tertiary hospital in China. A 10-point exercise program evaluation form and several open-ended questions were used to gather feedback from participants regarding the program. In both phases, content analysis was used to critically analyze and summarize qualitative suggestions for protocol modifications. RESULTS Based on feedback from the expert panel, the AVCWE program developed in Phase I included two procedures during laxative ingestion: at least 5,500 steps of walking exercise and two cycles of moderate-intensity abdominal vibration (each cycle consisted of 10 min of vibration and 10 min of rest). The feasibility study in Phase II showed high positive patient feedback scores for the program, ranging from 9.07 ± 0.74 to 9.73 ± 0.52. CONCLUSION The AVCWE program was developed by eight multidisciplinary experts and was well accepted by 30 older patients with constipation. Study participants believed that this program was simple, safe, appropriate, and helpful for their bowel preparation. The findings of this study may provide valuable information for optimizing bowel preparation in older patients with constipation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Yuan Zhang
- Department of Nursing Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- School of Medical and Health Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ramoo Vimala
- Department of Nursing Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ping Lei Chui
- Department of Nursing Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ida Normiha Hilmi
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Watanabe J, Ichimasa K, Kataoka Y, Miki A, Someko H, Honda M, Tahara M, Yamashina T, Yeoh KG, Kawai S, Kotani K, Sata N. Additional staining for lymphovascular invasion is associated with increased estimation of lymph node metastasis in patients with T1 colorectal cancer: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Dig Endosc 2024; 36:533-545. [PMID: 37746764 DOI: 10.1111/den.14691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Lymphovascular invasion (LVI) is a critical risk factor for lymph node metastasis (LNM), which requires additional surgery after endoscopic resection of T1 colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the impact of additional staining on estimating LNM is unclear. This systematic review aimed to evaluate the impact of additional staining on determining LNM in T1 CRC. METHODS We searched five electronic databases. Outcomes were diagnostic odds ratio (DOR), assessed using hierarchical summary receiver operating characteristic curves, and interobserver agreement among pathologists for positive LVI, assessed using Kappa coefficients (κ). We performed a subgroup analysis of studies that simultaneously included a multivariable analysis for other risk factors (deep submucosal invasion, poor differentiation, and tumor budding). RESULTS Among the 64 studies (18,097 patients) identified, hematoxylin-eosin (HE) and additional staining for LVI had pooled sensitivities of 0.45 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.32-0.58) and 0.68 (95% CI 0.44-0.86), specificities of 0.88 (95% CI 0.78-0.94) and 0.76 (95% CI 0.62-0.86), and DORs of 6.26 (95% CI 3.73-10.53) and 6.47 (95% CI 3.40-12.32) for determining LNM, respectively. In multivariable analysis, the DOR of additional staining for LNM (DOR 5.95; 95% CI 2.87-12.33) was higher than that of HE staining (DOR 1.89; 95% CI 1.13-3.16) (P = 0.01). Pooled κ values were 0.37 (95% CI 0.22-0.52) and 0.62 (95% CI 0.04-0.99) for HE and additional staining for LVI, respectively. CONCLUSION Additional staining for LVI may increase the DOR for LNM and interobserver agreement for positive LVI among pathologists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Watanabe
- Division of Gastroenterological, General and Transplant Surgery, Department of Surgery, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
- Division of Community and Family Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Katsuro Ichimasa
- Digestive Disease Center, Showa University Northern Yokohama Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan
- Department of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore City, Singapore
| | - Yuki Kataoka
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyoto Min-iren Asukai Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
- Section of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Community Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
- Department of Healthcare Epidemiology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine/Public Health, Kyoto, Japan
- Scientific Research WorkS Peer Support Group, Osaka, Japan
| | - Atsushi Miki
- Division of Gastroenterological, General and Transplant Surgery, Department of Surgery, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Hidehiro Someko
- Scientific Research WorkS Peer Support Group, Osaka, Japan
- General Internal Medicine, Asahi General Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Munenori Honda
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Makiko Tahara
- Division of Gastroenterological, General and Transplant Surgery, Department of Surgery, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Takeshi Yamashina
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kansai Medical University Medical Center, Osaka, Japan
| | - Khay Guan Yeoh
- Department of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore City, Singapore
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, National University Hospital, Singapore City, Singapore
| | - Shigeo Kawai
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Tochigi Medical Center Shimotsuga, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Kotani
- Division of Community and Family Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Naohiro Sata
- Division of Gastroenterological, General and Transplant Surgery, Department of Surgery, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
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Savino A, Rondonotti E, Rocchetto S, Piagnani A, Bina N, Di Domenico P, Segatta F, Radaelli F. GI genius endoscopy module: a clinical profile. Expert Rev Med Devices 2024; 21:359-372. [PMID: 38618982 DOI: 10.1080/17434440.2024.2342508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The identification of early-stage colorectal cancers (CRC) and the resection of pre-cancerous neoplastic lesions through colonoscopy allows to decrease both CRC incidence and mortality. However, colonoscopy miss rates up to 26% for adenomas and 9% for advanced adenomas have been reported. In recent years, artificial intelligence (AI) systems have been emerging as easy-to-use tools, potentially lowering the risk of missing lesions. AREAS COVERED This review paper focuses on GI Genius device (Medtronic Co. Minneapolis, MN, U.S.A.) a computer-assisted tool designed to assist endoscopists during standard white-light colonoscopies in detecting mucosal lesions. EXPERT OPINION Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) suggest that GI Genius is a safe and effective tool for improving adenoma detection, especially in CRC screening and surveillance colonoscopies. However, its impact seems to be less significant among experienced endoscopists and in real-world clinical scenarios compared to the controlled conditions of RCTs. Furthermore, it appears that GI Genius mainly enhances the detection of non-advanced, small polyps, but does not significantly impact the identification of advanced and difficult-to-detect adenoma. When using GI Genius, no complications were documented. Only a small number of studies reported an increased in withdrawal time or the removal of non-neoplastic lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Savino
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy
| | | | - Simone Rocchetto
- Gastroenterology Unit, Valduce Hospital, Como, Italy
- Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandra Piagnani
- Gastroenterology Unit, Valduce Hospital, Como, Italy
- Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Niccolò Bina
- Gastroenterology Unit, Valduce Hospital, Como, Italy
| | - Pasquale Di Domenico
- Gastrointestinal Unit, Department of Medicine, Surgery & Dentistry Scuola Medica Salernitana, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
| | - Francesco Segatta
- Gastroenterology Unit, Valduce Hospital, Como, Italy
- Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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Yu Z, Li B, Zhao S, Du J, Zhang Y, Liu X, Guo Q, Zhou H, He M. Uptake and detection rate of colorectal cancer screening with colonoscopy in China: A population-based, prospective cohort study. Int J Nurs Stud 2024; 153:104728. [PMID: 38461798 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2024.104728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Colonoscopy is widely used as a screening test for detecting colorectal cancer in many countries. However, there is little evidence regarding the uptake and diagnostic yields of colonoscopy in population-based screening programs in countries with limited medical resources. OBJECTIVE We reported the uptake of colonoscopy and the detection of colorectal lesions and explored related factors based on a colorectal cancer screening program in China. DESIGN Individuals aged 45-74 years who were asymptomatic for colorectal cancer and had no history of colorectal cancer were recruited. An established risk score system was used to identify individuals at high risk for colorectal cancer, and they were subsequently recommended for colonoscopy. SETTING A population-based, prospective cohort study was implemented in 169 communities, 14 districts of Chongqing, Southwest China. PARTICIPANTS A total of 288,150 eligible participants were recruited from November 2013 to June 2021, and 41,315 participants were identified to be at high risk of colorectal cancer. METHODS Generalized linear mixed model was used to explore the individual and community structural characteristics associated with uptake of colonoscopy. Additionally, the detection rate of colorectal lesions under colonoscopy screening was also reported, and their associated factors were explored. RESULTS 7859 subjects underwent colonoscopy, with an uptake rate of 19.02 % (95 % CI 18.64 %-19.40 %). Lower uptake rates were associated with older age, lower education, more physical activity, and structural characteristics, including residing in developing areas (OR 0.73, 95 % CI 0.69-0.78), residing more than 5 km from screening hospital (5-10 km: OR 0.85, 95 % CI 0.79-0.91; >10 km: OR 0.85, 95 % CI 0.80-0.91), and not being exposed to social media publicity (OR 0.63, 95 % CI 0.53-0.75). Overall, 8 colorectal cancers (0.10 %), 423 advanced adenomas (5.38 %), 820 nonadvanced adenomas (10.43 %), and 684 hyperplastic polyps (8.70 %) were detected, with an adenoma detection rate of 15.92 %. Several factors, including older age, male, current smoking and a family history of colorectal cancer, were positively related to colorectal neoplasms. CONCLUSIONS The uptake of colonoscopy for colorectal cancer screening was not optimal among a socioeconomically diverse high-risk population. The screening strategy should attempt to ensure equitable access to screening according to regional characteristics, and enhance the uptake of colonoscopy by recommended multifaceted interventions, which focus on individuals with poor compliance, select a closer screening hospital, and strengthen social media publicity at the structural level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhikai Yu
- Office of Cancer Prevention and Control, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, 400030 Chongqing, China
| | - Bibo Li
- Department of Oncology, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing University, 401147 Chongqing, China
| | - Shenglin Zhao
- Office of Cancer Prevention and Control, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, 400030 Chongqing, China
| | - Jia Du
- Office of Cancer Prevention and Control, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, 400030 Chongqing, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Office of Cancer Prevention and Control, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, 400030 Chongqing, China
| | - Xiu Liu
- Office of Cancer Prevention and Control, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, 400030 Chongqing, China
| | - Qing Guo
- Office of Cancer Prevention and Control, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, 400030 Chongqing, China
| | - Hong Zhou
- Department of Urologic Oncology Surgery, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, 400030 Chongqing, China.
| | - Mei He
- Office of Cancer Prevention and Control, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, 400030 Chongqing, China.
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Webb AB, Berg CD, Castle PE, Crosby D, Etzioni R, Kessler LG, Menon U, Parmar M, Steele RJC, Sasieni PD. Considerations for using potential surrogate endpoints in cancer screening trials. Lancet Oncol 2024; 25:e183-e192. [PMID: 38697164 DOI: 10.1016/s1470-2045(24)00015-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Abstract
The requirement of large-scale expensive cancer screening trials spanning decades creates considerable barriers to the development, commercialisation, and implementation of novel screening tests. One way to address these problems is to use surrogate endpoints for the ultimate endpoint of interest, cancer mortality, at an earlier timepoint. This Review aims to highlight the issues underlying the choice and use of surrogate endpoints for cancer screening trials, to propose criteria for when and how we might use such endpoints, and to suggest possible candidates. We present the current landscape and challenges, and discuss lessons and shortcomings from the therapeutic trial setting. It is hugely challenging to validate a surrogate endpoint, even with carefully designed clinical studies. Nevertheless, we consider whether there are candidates that might satisfy the requirements defined by research and regulatory bodies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Philip E Castle
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, US National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
| | | | - Ruth Etzioni
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Larry G Kessler
- Department of Health Systems and Population Health (HSPOP), School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Usha Menon
- Medical Research Council Clinical Trials Unit, Institute of Clinical Trials and Methodology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Mahesh Parmar
- Medical Research Council Clinical Trials Unit, Institute of Clinical Trials and Methodology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Robert J C Steele
- University of Dundee, Department of Surgery, Ninewells Hospital, Dundee, UK
| | - Peter D Sasieni
- The Cancer Research UK and King's College London Cancer Prevention Trials Unit, King's College London, London, UK; Wolfson Institute of Population Health, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.
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Sharma P, Sapkota P, Gurung RB, Silwal P, Yadav B, Gupta N, Pathak S, Joshi S, Singh Y. Demographic and clinical profile of patients undergoing colonoscopy at a tertiary care center in Nepal: a retrospective cross-sectional study. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2024; 86:2633-2638. [PMID: 38694280 PMCID: PMC11060277 DOI: 10.1097/ms9.0000000000002003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Colonoscopy is widely used as a tool for diagnosis, screening and treatment of various pathologies in the rectum, colon, and terminal ileum. The aim of this study is to evaluate the demographic, clinical, and histological parameters of the records of patients undergoing colonoscopy at a tertiary care hospital in Nepal. Materials and methods This retrospective cross-sectional study included the hospital records of all patients who underwent colonoscopy from 2015 to 2019 in a tertiary care centre in Nepal. Results A total of 1255 records were included in the study. The mean and standard deviation of age were 43.8 and 19 years, respectively. Among the total study population, 61.9% were males and 38.1% were females. Common indications for colonoscopy included lower gastrointestinal bleeding (27.7%), altered bowel habit (26.9%) and persistent or recurrent abdominal pain (17.3%). Only 3% of the patients who underwent colonoscopy had inadequate bowel preparation. The overall diagnostic yield of colonoscopy was 57.5%. Findings during colonoscopy included colorectal polyp (19.4%), internal haemorrhoids (8.2%) and colitis (6.5%). Having an age of 50 or more years was significantly associated with the presence of colorectal adenocarcinoma (P=0.017, χ2 test) with an odds ratio of 2.35 (95% CI: 1.14, 4.89). Furthermore, having a female sex was found to be significantly associated with the presence of colorectal adenocarcinoma (P=0.012, χ2 test) with an odds ratio of 2.43 (95% CI: 1.19, 4.97). Conclusion In the authors' study, a smaller proportion of the colonoscopies was aimed at screening for colorectal carcinoma (CRC), when compared to studies in developed countries. The sex predisposition of CRC in the authors' study is in contrast to the global trend. The authors recommend conducting studies to determine the risk factors and need for CRC screening in the Nepalese population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Prabhat Silwal
- Dhulikhel Hospital, Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences, Dhulikhel, Kavre, Nepal
| | - Binay Yadav
- Dhulikhel Hospital, Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences, Dhulikhel, Kavre, Nepal
| | - Nishchal Gupta
- Dhulikhel Hospital, Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences, Dhulikhel, Kavre, Nepal
| | - Shikha Pathak
- Dhulikhel Hospital, Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences, Dhulikhel, Kavre, Nepal
| | - Sahasra Joshi
- Dhulikhel Hospital, Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences, Dhulikhel, Kavre, Nepal
| | - Yadvinder Singh
- Dhulikhel Hospital, Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences, Dhulikhel, Kavre, Nepal
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Collatuzzo G, Seyyedsalehi MS, Rashidian H, Hadji M, Safari-Faramani R, Rezaianzadeh A, Malekzadeh R, Zendehdel K, Boffetta P. Determinants of early-onset colorectal cancer: a multicenter case-control study in Iran. Eur J Cancer Prev 2024:00008469-990000000-00143. [PMID: 38687254 DOI: 10.1097/cej.0000000000000888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aimed to study the risk factors of early-onset colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence in the Iranian population. Early onset CRC in Iran is a relevant health issue that deserves further epidemiological efforts to be defined and controlled as far as possible. Early age screening of low-tract of the intestine would be particularly useful in families of colorectal cancer patients. METHODS We analyzed data from a multicenter hospital-based case-control study in Iran (The Iranian Study of Opium and Cancer). Sociodemographic and lifestyle information was collected using validated questionnaires. Multivariate logistic regressions estimated the odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association of early-onset CRC in individuals under the age of 50 and potential risk factors, including physical activity, socioeconomic status, body shape at age 15, dietary factors, vitamin D, cigarettes and waterpipe smoking, opium use and family history of CRC. Additionally, a subgroup analysis was conducted for individuals with a very young age of CRC onset (i.e. <35 years). RESULTS We analyzed data of 189 developed CRC below age 50 (99 colon and 90 rectum), and 66 patients under the age 35 (13 colon and 21 rectum). Early CRC was inversely associated with vegetables (OR, 0.59; 95% CI, 0.38-0.92 for 422-576 g/day) and vitamin D (OR, 0.49; 95% CI, 0.26-0.94), and positively associated with red meat intake (OR, 1.80; 1.15-2.83 per 25.65 g/day). Vegetables (OR, 0.51; 95% CI, 0.27-0.98 for 576 g/day), red meat (OR, 2.05; 95% CI, 1.11-3.79 for 25.65 g/day), vitamin D (OR, 0.29; 95% CI, 0.10-0.86) and opium use (OR, 2.61; 95% CI, 1.01-6.74) were associated with early rectum cancer. Results were heterogeneous by cancer site for high fruit and vegetables intakes and cigarette smoking. Family history was associated with CRC (OR, 3.16; 95% CI, 1.29-10.9) and rectum cancer (OR, 3.22; 95% CI, 1.24-14.4) in subjects younger than 35, and, to a lesser extent, with CRC and rectum cancer before age 50. CONCLUSION Early-onset CRC was related to the intake of vegetables, vitamin D and red meat in Iran. Early-onset rectum cancer was associated with regular opium use. Family history was associated with early CRC and early rectum cancer, particularly below the age of 35.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Collatuzzo
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Italy
| | - Monireh Sadat Seyyedsalehi
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Italy
- Cancer Research Center, Cancer Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamideh Rashidian
- Cancer Research Center, Cancer Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Hadji
- Cancer Research Center, Cancer Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Health Sciences Unit, Faculty of Social Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Roya Safari-Faramani
- Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health, School of Public Health, Kermanshah Medical Sciences University, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Abbas Rezaianzadeh
- Colorectal Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Reza Malekzadeh
- Digestive Diseases Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Digestive Oncology Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kazem Zendehdel
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Italy
- Cancer Research Center, Cancer Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Cancer Biology Research Center, Cancer Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Paolo Boffetta
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Italy
- Stony Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
- Department of Family, Population and Preventive Medicine, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
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Popescu I, Dudău AM, Dima S, Herlea V, Croitoru VM, Dinu IM, Miron M, Lupescu I, Croitoru-Cazacu IM, Dumitru R, Croitoru AE. Multimodal Treatment of Metastatic Rectal Cancer in a Young Patient: Case Report and Literature Review. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2024; 60:696. [PMID: 38792879 PMCID: PMC11123219 DOI: 10.3390/medicina60050696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2024] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Metastatic colorectal cancer requires a multidisciplinary and individualized approach. Herein, we reported the case of a young woman diagnosed with metastatic rectal cancer who received an individualized multimodal treatment strategy that resulted in a remarkable survival. There were several particular aspects of this case, such as the early onset of the disease, the successful use of conversion therapy, the application of liquid biopsy to guide treatment, and the specific nature of the bone metastasis. To offer more insights for navigating such challenges in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer, we have conducted a literature review to find more data related to the particularities of this case. The incidence of early onset colorectal cancer is on the rise. Data suggests that it differs from older-onset colorectal cancer in terms of its pathological, epidemiological, anatomical, metabolic, and biological characteristics. Conversion therapy and surgical intervention provide an opportunity for cure and improve outcomes in metastatic colorectal cancer. It is important to approach each case individually, as every patient with limited liver disease should be considered as a candidate for secondary resection. Moreover, liquid biopsy has an important role in the individualized management of metastatic colorectal cancer patients, as it offers additional information for treatment decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ionuț Popescu
- Faculty of Medicine, Titu Maiorescu University, 040441 Bucharest, Romania; (I.P.); (V.M.C.)
| | - Ana-Maria Dudău
- Faculty of Medicine, Titu Maiorescu University, 040441 Bucharest, Romania; (I.P.); (V.M.C.)
- Medical Oncology Department, Fundeni Clinical Institute, 022328 Bucharest, Romania; (I.M.D.); (M.M.); (I.M.C.-C.); (A.E.C.)
| | - Simona Dima
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila, 020021 Bucharest, Romania; (S.D.); (V.H.); (I.L.); (R.D.)
- Center of Excellence in Translational Medicine, Fundeni Clinical Institute, 022328 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Vlad Herlea
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila, 020021 Bucharest, Romania; (S.D.); (V.H.); (I.L.); (R.D.)
- Pathology Department, Fundeni Clinical Institute, 022328 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Vlad M. Croitoru
- Faculty of Medicine, Titu Maiorescu University, 040441 Bucharest, Romania; (I.P.); (V.M.C.)
- Medical Oncology Department, Fundeni Clinical Institute, 022328 Bucharest, Romania; (I.M.D.); (M.M.); (I.M.C.-C.); (A.E.C.)
| | - Ioana Mihaela Dinu
- Medical Oncology Department, Fundeni Clinical Institute, 022328 Bucharest, Romania; (I.M.D.); (M.M.); (I.M.C.-C.); (A.E.C.)
| | - Monica Miron
- Medical Oncology Department, Fundeni Clinical Institute, 022328 Bucharest, Romania; (I.M.D.); (M.M.); (I.M.C.-C.); (A.E.C.)
| | - Ioana Lupescu
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila, 020021 Bucharest, Romania; (S.D.); (V.H.); (I.L.); (R.D.)
- Radiology Department, Fundeni Clinical Institute, 022328 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Irina M. Croitoru-Cazacu
- Medical Oncology Department, Fundeni Clinical Institute, 022328 Bucharest, Romania; (I.M.D.); (M.M.); (I.M.C.-C.); (A.E.C.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila, 020021 Bucharest, Romania; (S.D.); (V.H.); (I.L.); (R.D.)
| | - Radu Dumitru
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila, 020021 Bucharest, Romania; (S.D.); (V.H.); (I.L.); (R.D.)
- Radiology Department, Fundeni Clinical Institute, 022328 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Adina Emilia Croitoru
- Medical Oncology Department, Fundeni Clinical Institute, 022328 Bucharest, Romania; (I.M.D.); (M.M.); (I.M.C.-C.); (A.E.C.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila, 020021 Bucharest, Romania; (S.D.); (V.H.); (I.L.); (R.D.)
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Aloysius MM, Nikumbh T, Yadukumar L, Asija U, Shah NJ, Aswath G, John S, Goyal H. National Trends in the Incidence of Sporadic Malignant Colorectal Polyps in Young Patients (20-49 Years): An 18-Year SEER Database Analysis. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2024; 60:673. [PMID: 38674319 PMCID: PMC11052004 DOI: 10.3390/medicina60040673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Conflicting guidelines exist for initiating average-risk colorectal cancer screening at the age of 45 years. The United States Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) changed its guidelines in 2021 to recommend initiating screening at 45 years due to an increasing incidence of young-onset colorectal cancer. However, the American College of Physicians (ACP) recently recommended not screening average-risk individuals between 45 and 49 years old. We aim to study the national trends in the incidence of sporadic malignant polyps (SMP) in patients from 20 to 49 years old. Materials and Methods: We analyzed the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database (2000-2017) on patients aged 20-49 years who underwent diagnostic colonoscopy with at least a single malignant sporadic colorectal polyp. Results: Of the 10,742 patients diagnosed with SMP, 42.9% were female. The mean age of incidence was 43.07 years (42.91-43.23, 95% CI). Approximately 50% of malignant polyps were diagnosed between 45 and 49 years of age, followed by 25-30% between 40 and 45. There was an upward trend in malignant polyps, with a decreased incidence of malignant villous adenomas and a rise in malignant adenomas and tubulovillous adenomas. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that almost half of the SMPs under 50 years occurred in individuals under age 45, younger than the current screening threshold recommended by the ACP. There has been an upward trend in malignant polyps in the last two decades. This reflects changes in tumor biology, and necessitates further research and support in the USPSTF guidelines to start screening at the age of 45 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark M. Aloysius
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, State University of New York Upstate Syracuse, New York, NY 13210, USA; (M.M.A.)
| | - Tejas Nikumbh
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Wright Center for Graduate Medical Education, Scranton, PA 18505, USA; (L.Y.); (U.A.)
| | - Lekha Yadukumar
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Wright Center for Graduate Medical Education, Scranton, PA 18505, USA; (L.Y.); (U.A.)
| | - Udit Asija
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Wright Center for Graduate Medical Education, Scranton, PA 18505, USA; (L.Y.); (U.A.)
| | - Niraj J. Shah
- Division of Gastroenterology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA
| | - Ganesh Aswath
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, State University of New York Upstate Syracuse, New York, NY 13210, USA; (M.M.A.)
| | - Savio John
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, State University of New York Upstate Syracuse, New York, NY 13210, USA; (M.M.A.)
| | - Hemant Goyal
- Advanced Endoscopy, Borland Groover Owntown Office, Jacksonville, FL 32207, USA
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White M, Israilevich R, Lam S, McCarthy M, Mico V, Chipkin B, Abrams E, Moore K, Kastenberg D. Timely Completion of Direct Access Colonoscopy Is Noninferior to Office Scheduled for Screening and Surveillance. J Clin Gastroenterol 2024:00004836-990000000-00287. [PMID: 38630852 DOI: 10.1097/mcg.0000000000002000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
GOALS We aimed to evaluate whether direct access colonoscopy (DAC) is noninferior to office-scheduled colonoscopy (OSC) for achieving successful colonoscopy. BACKGROUND DAC may improve access to colonoscopy. We developed an algorithm assessing eligibility, risk for inadequate preparation, and need for nursing/navigator assistance. STUDY This was a retrospective, single-center study of DAC and OSC patients from June 5, 2018, to July 31, 2019. Patients were 45 to 75 years old with an indication of screening or surveillance. A successful colonoscopy met 3 criteria: complete colonoscopy (cecum, anastomosis, or ileum), adequate preparation (Boston Score ≥2/segment), and performed <90 days from initial patient contact. Unsuccessful colonoscopy did not meet ≥1 criteria. Secondary end points included days to successful colonoscopy, preparation quality, polyp detection, and 10-year recall rate. Noninferiority against risk ratio value of 0.85 was tested using 1-sided alpha of 0.05. RESULTS A total of 1823 DAC and 828 OSC patients were eligible. DAC patients were younger, with a greater proportion of black patients and screening indications. For the outcome of successful colonoscopy, DAC was noninferior to OSC (DAC vs. OSC: 62.7% vs. 57.1%, RR 1.16, 95% LCL 1.09, P=0.001). For DAC, days to colonoscopy were fewer, and likelihood of 10-year recall after negative screening greater. Boston Score and polyp detection were similar for groups. Black patients were less likely to achieve successful colonoscopy; otherwise, groups were similar. For unsuccessful colonoscopies, proportionally more DAC patients canceled or no-showed while more OSC patients scheduled >90 days. DAC remained noninferior to OSC at 180 days. CONCLUSIONS DAC was noninferior to OSC for achieving successful colonoscopy, comparing similarly in quality and efficiency outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary White
- Sidney Kimmel Medical College
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale New Haven Hospital, New Haven, CT
| | - Rachel Israilevich
- Sidney Kimmel Medical College
- Department of Ophthalmology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Sophia Lam
- Sidney Kimmel Medical College
- Department of Ophthalmology, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary, New York City, NY
| | - Michael McCarthy
- Sidney Kimmel Medical College
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Vasil Mico
- Sidney Kimmel Medical College
- Department of Medicine, Tufts Medical Center, Boston
| | - Benjamin Chipkin
- Sidney Kimmel Medical College
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale New Haven Hospital, New Haven, CT
| | - Eric Abrams
- Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts-Amherst, Amherst, MA
| | - Kelly Moore
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - David Kastenberg
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA
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24
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Moreno-Torres V, Martínez-Urbistondo M, Vázquez-Comendador J, Mateos Seirul-Lo M, Castejón R, Huerta A, Durán-Del Campo P, Tutor P, Mellor-Pita S. Higher mortality risk from gynaecological neoplasms and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: an observational study from the Spanish National Registry. Lupus Sci Med 2024; 11:e001153. [PMID: 38631847 PMCID: PMC11029302 DOI: 10.1136/lupus-2024-001153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the impact of the different types of neoplasms and lineages on mortality of patients with SLE. METHODS Retrospective and observational comparison of the neoplasm-related deaths in patients with SLE and the general Spanish population reported in the Spanish Hospital Discharge Database. To determine the impact of SLE on the risk of dying from each neoplasm lineage, a binary logistic regression considering age, female sex, tobacco and alcohol consumption, was performed. RESULTS During 2016-2019, 139 531 in-hospital deaths from neoplasms were certified in Spain (91 in patients with SLE). Patients with SLE presented a lower mortality rate from solid organ neoplasms, (80.2% vs 91.1%, OR 0.393), linked to their lower risk of colorectal carcinoma (1.1% vs 10.8%, OR 0.110). By contrast, gynaecological neoplasms presented a higher risk (8.8% vs 3%, OR 3.039) in the deceased patients with SLE, associated with the higher frequency of vulvar neoplasms (2% vs 0.2%, OR 14.767) and cervical carcinomas (3.3% vs 0.5%, OR 3.809). Haematological neoplasm-related deaths were also more prevalent in patients with SLE (19.8% vs 8.9%, OR 2.546), mostly attributable to the higher proportion of deaths due to non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (11% vs 2.9%, OR 4.060) of B cell lineage (9.9% vs 2.5%, OR 4.133). CONCLUSIONS Patients with SLE present a higher risk of death from vulvar neoplasms, cervical carcinomas and B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in comparison with the general Spanish population. In addition to developing strategies that might help to attenuate their occurrence and impact, such as decreasing the immunosuppressive burden, specific early detection programmes for these conditions should be investigated and considered carefully.
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Affiliation(s)
- Víctor Moreno-Torres
- Puerta de Hierro University Hospital of Majadahonda, Majadahonda, Spain
- Health Sciences School and Medical Center, UNIR, Logrono, La Rioja, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Raquel Castejón
- Puerta de Hierro University Hospital of Majadahonda, Majadahonda, Spain
| | - Ana Huerta
- Puerta de Hierro University Hospital of Majadahonda, Majadahonda, Spain
| | | | - Pablo Tutor
- Puerta de Hierro University Hospital of Majadahonda, Majadahonda, Spain
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Roshandel G, Ghasemi-Kebria F, Malekzadeh R. Colorectal Cancer: Epidemiology, Risk Factors, and Prevention. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:1530. [PMID: 38672612 PMCID: PMC11049480 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16081530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer and the second most common cause of cancer mortality worldwide. There are disparities in the epidemiology of CRC across different populations, most probably due to differences in exposure to lifestyle and environmental factors related to CRC. Prevention is the most effective method for controlling CRC. Primary prevention includes determining and avoiding modifiable risk factors (e.g., alcohol consumption, smoking, and dietary factors) as well as increasing protective factors (e.g., physical activity, aspirin). Further studies, especially randomized, controlled trials, are needed to clarify the association between CRC incidence and exposure to different risk factors or protective factors. Detection and removal of precancerous colorectal lesions is also an effective strategy for controlling CRC. Multiple factors, both at the individual and community levels (e.g., patient preferences, availability of screening modalities, costs, benefits, and adverse events), should be taken into account in designing and implementing CRC screening programs. Health policymakers should consider the best decision in identifying the starting age and selection of the most effective screening strategies for the target population. This review aims to present updated evidence on the epidemiology, risk factors, and prevention of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gholamreza Roshandel
- Golestan Research Center of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan 49178-67439, Iran; (G.R.); (F.G.-K.)
| | - Fatemeh Ghasemi-Kebria
- Golestan Research Center of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan 49178-67439, Iran; (G.R.); (F.G.-K.)
| | - Reza Malekzadeh
- Digestive Oncology Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14117-13135, Iran
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26
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Leong W, Guo JQ, Ning C, Luo FF, Jiao R, Yang DY. Should we perform sigmoidoscopy for colorectal cancer screening in people under 45 years? World J Gastrointest Oncol 2024; 16:1248-1255. [PMID: 38660667 PMCID: PMC11037058 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v16.i4.1248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The strategy for preventing colorectal cancer is screening by colonoscopy, which offers a direct way for detection and removal of adenomatous polyps (APs). American College of Gastroenterology guidelines recommend that people aged ≥ 45 years should undergo colonoscopy; however, how to deal with people aged ≤ 45 years is still unknown. AIM To compare the prevalence of APs and high-grade neoplasia between the left and right colon in patients ≤ 45 years. METHODS A retrospective observational study was conducted at a single tertiary III hospital in China. This study included patients aged 18-45 years with undergoing initial colonoscopy dissection and pathological diagnosis AP or high-grade neoplasia between February 2014 and January 2021. The number of APs in the entire colon while screening and post-polypectomy surveillance in following 1-3 years were evaluated. RESULTS A total of 3053 cases were included. The prevalence of APs in the left and right colon was 55.0% and 41.6%, respectively (OR 1.7, 95%CI 1.6-2.4; P < 0.05). For APs with high-grade neoplasia, the prevalence was 2.7% and 0.9%, respectively (OR 3.0, 95%CI 2.0-4.6; P < 0.05). Therefore, the prevalence of APs and high-grade neoplasia in the left colon was significantly higher than in the right colon in patients aged ≤ 45 years. There were 327 patients who voluntarily participated in post-polypectomy surveillance in following 1-3 years, and APs were found in 216 cases (66.1%); 170 cases had 1-3 polyps (52.0%) and 46 cases had > 3 polyps (14.1%; OR 0.3, 95%CI 0.1-0.6; P < 0.05). CONCLUSION This study suggests that flexible sigmoidoscopy would be an optimal approach for initial screening in people aged ≤ 45 years and would be a more cost-effective and safe strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waiian Leong
- Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518053, Guangdong Province, China
- Department of Accident & Emergency, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518053, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jia-Qi Guo
- Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518053, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Chun Ning
- Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518053, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Fei-Fei Luo
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518053, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Rui Jiao
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518053, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Dong-Ye Yang
- Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518053, Guangdong Province, China
- Endoscopy Center, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518053, Guangdong Province, China
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27
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Waddell O, Pearson J, McCombie A, Marshall H, Purcell R, Keenan J, Glyn T, Frizelle F. The incidence of early onset colorectal cancer in Aotearoa New Zealand: 2000-2020. BMC Cancer 2024; 24:456. [PMID: 38609870 PMCID: PMC11010297 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-024-12122-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The incidence of early-onset colorectal cancer (EOCRC), diagnosed before age 50, has been rising in many countries in the past few decades. This study aims to evaluate this trend in Aotearoa New Zealand and assess its impact on Māori. METHODS Crude incidence and age-standardized incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC) was analyzed from all new cases from the Aotearoa New Zealand national cancer registry for the period 2000-2020. Trends were estimated by sex, ethnicity, age group and location of cancer and projections made to 2040. RESULTS Between 2000 and 2020, there were a total of 56,761 cases of CRC diagnosed in Aotearoa New Zealand, 3,702 of these being EOCRC, with age-standardized incidence decreasing significantly (P = 8.2 × 10- 80) from 61.0 to 47.3 cases per 100,000. EOCRC incidence increased on average by 26% per decade (incidence rate ratio (IRR) 1.26, p = < 0.0001) at all sites (proximal colon, distal colon and rectum), while the incidence in those aged 50-79 years decreased on average by 18% per decade (IRR 0.82, p = < 0.0005), again across all sites. There was no significant average change in CRC incidence in those over 80 years. In Māori, there was no significant change in age-standardized incidence. There was however a significant increase in crude incidence rates (IRR 1.28, p = < 0.0005) driven by significant increases in EOCRC (IRR1.36, p = < 0.0005). By 2040, we predict the incidence of EOCRC will have risen from 8.00 to 14.9 per 100,000 (6.33 to 10.00 per 100,000 in Māori). However, due to the aging population an estimated 43.0% of all CRC cases will be diagnosed in those over 80 years of age (45.9% over 70 years of age in Māori). CONCLUSION The age-standardized incidence of CRC from 2000 to 2020 decreased in Aotearoa New Zealand, but not for Māori. The incidence of EOCRC over the same period continues to rise, and at a faster rate in Māori. However, with the ageing of the population in Aotearoa New Zealand, and for Māori, CRC in the elderly will continue to dominate case numbers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Waddell
- Department of Surgery and Critical Care, University of Otago Christchurch, 36 Cashel St, Christchurch central, Christchurch, New Zealand.
| | - John Pearson
- Biostatistics and Computational Biology Unit, University of Otago Christchurch, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Andrew McCombie
- Department of Surgery and Critical Care, University of Otago Christchurch, 36 Cashel St, Christchurch central, Christchurch, New Zealand
- Department of General Surgery, Te Whatu Ora Health New Zealand, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Harriet Marshall
- Department of General Surgery, Te Whatu Ora Health New Zealand, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Rachel Purcell
- Department of Surgery and Critical Care, University of Otago Christchurch, 36 Cashel St, Christchurch central, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Jacqueline Keenan
- Department of Surgery and Critical Care, University of Otago Christchurch, 36 Cashel St, Christchurch central, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Tamara Glyn
- Department of Surgery and Critical Care, University of Otago Christchurch, 36 Cashel St, Christchurch central, Christchurch, New Zealand
- Department of General Surgery, Te Whatu Ora Health New Zealand, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Frank Frizelle
- Department of Surgery and Critical Care, University of Otago Christchurch, 36 Cashel St, Christchurch central, Christchurch, New Zealand
- Department of General Surgery, Te Whatu Ora Health New Zealand, Christchurch, New Zealand
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28
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Tan C, Qin G, Wang QQ, Zhou YC, Yao SK. Clinicopathologic and endoscopic features of sessile serrated lesions and conventional adenomas: a large inpatient population-based study in China. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1337035. [PMID: 38638861 PMCID: PMC11024220 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1337035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives Sessile serrated lesions (SSLs) are precursors of sporadic colorectal cancer (CRC) and have distinct characteristics compared with conventional adenomas (CAs). Several lifestyle and environmental factors may play critical roles in the development of advanced lesions. Our aim is to describe the features of SSLs and CAs and further explore risk factors for advanced lesions. Methods This is an observational study that collected demographic, endoscopic, and histological data from the China-Japan Friendship Hospital among the inpatient population with pathologically reported as SSL or CA between 2015 and 2022. We analyzed the clinicopathology and endoscopic differences between SSL alone, CA alone, and synchronous SSL+CA groups, and identified risk factors using multiple regression analysis. Results A total of 9236 polyps from 6598 patients were included in the cohort. Patients with SSL+CA were more likely to be older (p=0.008), while individuals with SSL alone had a higher proportion of early-onset polyps (p<0.001), and SSLs were more common in advanced polyps than CAs (p<0.001). A greater proportion of advanced polyps in the SSL and CA groups were diagnosed as Yamada III, Yamada IV, and laterally spreading tumor (p=0.002, p<0.001, respectively), and multiple SSLs and CAs were more represented in nonadvanced polyps than in advanced polyps. In multiple regression analysis, older patients were more likely to develop advanced SSLs (aOR 1.05, 95% CI 1.02-1.09, p=0.005). Conclusion SSLs and CAs have diverse demographic, endoscopic, and histological characteristics, and their advanced lesions share different risk factors, which advances the understanding of the etiology and progression of SSLs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Tan
- Graduate School, Peking University China-Japan Friendship School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Geng Qin
- Department of Gastroenterology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Qian-Qian Wang
- Graduate School, Peking University China-Japan Friendship School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan-Chen Zhou
- Graduate School, Peking University China-Japan Friendship School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Shu-Kun Yao
- Graduate School, Peking University China-Japan Friendship School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
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29
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Zhang M, Zhang Y, Zhang W, Zhang Y, Zhao L, Jing H, Gao X, Nie Z, Zhu S, Zhang S, Zhang X. Prevalence and risk factors of colorectal neoplasia in individuals aged 40-49 years: Findings from screening program in China. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2024; 39:694-700. [PMID: 38200678 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.16468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Revised: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM The incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC) in individuals under 50 is increasing worldwide. We conducted an analysis of colonoscopy findings in high-risk individuals under 50 in the CRC screening program in Tianjin, China, to determine the detection rate and risk factors of advanced adenomas (AA), advanced colorectal neoplasia (ACN), colorectal neoplasia (CN). METHODS Our study investigated individuals aged 40-49 who underwent CRC screening and completed colonoscopy, 2012-2020, while the 50-54 age group served as a control. We compared the detection rates of AA, ACN, and CN among three age groups using univariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses, and investigated the risk factors associated with AA, ACN, and CN among individuals aged 40-49. RESULTS We found a gradual increase in the detection rate of AA, ACN, and CN among individuals aged 40-54. The detection rates for AA (OR 0.58; 95% CI 0.41-0.81), ACN (OR 0.58; 95% CI 0.43-0.77), and CN (OR 0.64; 95% CI 0.56-0.74) were lower in individuals aged 40-44 compared to 45-49. The detection rates of AA (OR 1.08; 95% CI 0.87-1.34) and ACN (OR 1.12; 95% CI 0.93-1.35) in individuals aged 45-49 were comparable with 50-54. Besides, lifestyle factors, BMI, and FIT are not associated with the detection rates of AA, ACN, and CN among individuals aged 40-49. CONCLUSIONS Our study reveals screening data in individuals under 50, indicating comparable detection rates of AA and ACN in individuals aged 45-49 and 50-54. These findings provide valuable data support for optimizing the optimal age to initiate screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingqing Zhang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, China
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Institute of Coloproctology, Tianjin, China
- The Institute of Translational Medicine, Tianjin Union Medical Center of Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yongdan Zhang
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Institute of Coloproctology, Tianjin, China
| | - Wen Zhang
- Center for Applied Mathematics, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Center for Applied Mathematics, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Lizhong Zhao
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Institute of Coloproctology, Tianjin, China
| | - Haoren Jing
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Institute of Coloproctology, Tianjin, China
| | - Xinyu Gao
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Institute of Coloproctology, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhenguo Nie
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, China
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Siwei Zhu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, China
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Institute of Coloproctology, Tianjin, China
- The Institute of Translational Medicine, Tianjin Union Medical Center of Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Shiwu Zhang
- The Institute of Translational Medicine, Tianjin Union Medical Center of Nankai University, Tianjin, China
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, China
| | - Xipeng Zhang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, China
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Institute of Coloproctology, Tianjin, China
- The Institute of Translational Medicine, Tianjin Union Medical Center of Nankai University, Tianjin, China
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Trecca A, Borghini R, Medicina D, Del Sordo R, Mandelli G, Bella A, Galloro G, Fu KI, Villanacci V. Endoscopic features with associated histological and molecular alterations in serrated polyps with dysplasia: Retrospective analysis of a tertiary case series. Dig Liver Dis 2024; 56:687-694. [PMID: 37778895 DOI: 10.1016/j.dld.2023.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Serrated polyps are incompletely understood lesions and include serrated sessile lesion (SSL) without or with dysplasia and traditional serrated adenoma (TSA). AIMS We investigated prevalence and characteristics of serrated lesions, especially SSL with dysplasia (mixed polyps). METHODS This retrospective study analyzed data from consecutive patients referred for colonoscopy at a tertiary care center. Endoscopic and histopathological characteristics of identified lesions were studied. SSLs with dysplasia were molecularly analyzed for mutations and microsatellite instability. RESULTS Among 1147 patients, a total of 436 polyps were found, including 288 adenomas (66.1 %) and 114 serrated lesions (SLDR 26.2 %). PDR was 34.5 % and ADR was of 30.2 %. Serrated lesions included 75 hyperplastic polyps (17.2 %), 24 SSLs without dysplasia (5.5 %), 6 SSLs with dysplasia (mixed polyps) (1.4 %) and 9 TSA (2.1 %). The mixed polyps were evaluated molecularly: these analyses found no KRAS mutation, a single NRAS mutation in one lesion, the Val600Glu BRAF mutation in four lesions in both their serrated non-dysplastic and dysplastic areas, and microsatellite instability in four lesions, limited to the dysplastic areas. CONCLUSION Our single-center experience confirms the high prevalence of serrated lesions, a part of which are SSL with dysplasia. These lesions seem to carry specific molecular alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Raffaele Borghini
- Maternal and Child Health Department, Gastroenterology Unit, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Daniela Medicina
- Institute of Pathology, ASST-Spedali Civili Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Rachele Del Sordo
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Section of Anatomic Pathology and Histology, Medical School, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Giulio Mandelli
- Institute of Pathology, ASST-Spedali Civili Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Antonino Bella
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Galloro
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Surgical Digestive Endoscopy Unit, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Kuang-I Fu
- Department of Endoscopy, Kanma Memorial Hospital, Tochigi, Japan
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Gangwani MK, Haghbin H, Ishtiaq R, Hasan F, Dillard J, Jaber F, Dahiya DS, Ali H, Salim S, Lee-Smith W, Sohail AH, Inamdar S, Aziz M, Hart B. Single Versus Second Observer vs Artificial Intelligence to Increase the ADENOMA Detection Rate of Colonoscopy-A Network Analysis. Dig Dis Sci 2024; 69:1380-1388. [PMID: 38436866 PMCID: PMC11026252 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-024-08341-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Screening colonoscopy has significantly contributed to the reduction of the incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC) and its associated mortality, with adenoma detection rate (ADR) as the quality marker. To increase the ADR, various solutions have been proposed including the utilization of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and employing second observers during colonoscopies. In the interest of AI improving ADR independently, without a second observer, and the operational similarity between AI and second observer, this network meta-analysis aims at evaluating the effectiveness of AI, second observer, and a single observer in improving ADR. METHODS We searched the Medline, Embase, Cochrane, Web of Science Core Collection, Korean Citation Index, SciELO, Global Index Medicus, and Cochrane. A direct head-to-head comparator analysis and network meta-analysis were performed using the random-effects model. The odds ratio (OR) was calculated with a 95% confidence interval (CI) and p-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS We analyzed 26 studies, involving 22,560 subjects. In the direct comparative analysis, AI demonstrated higher ADR (OR: 0.668, 95% CI 0.595-0.749, p < 0.001) than single observer. Dual observer demonstrated a higher ADR (OR: 0.771, 95% CI 0.688-0.865, p < 0.001) than single operator. In network meta-analysis, results were consistent on the network meta-analysis, maintaining consistency. No statistical difference was noted when comparing AI to second observer. (RR 1.1 (0.9-1.2, p = 0.3). Results were consistent when evaluating only RCTs. Net ranking provided higher score to AI followed by second observer followed by single observer. CONCLUSION Artificial Intelligence and second-observer colonoscopy showed superior success in Adenoma Detection Rate when compared to single-observer colonoscopy. Although not statistically significant, net ranking model favors the superiority of AI to the second observer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hossein Haghbin
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ascension Providence Hospital, Southfield, MI, USA
| | - Rizwan Ishtiaq
- Department of Medicine, St Francis Hospital and Medical Center, Hartford, CT, USA
| | - Fariha Hasan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cooper University Hospital, Camden, NJ, USA
| | - Julia Dillard
- Department of Medicine, University of Toledo Medical Center, Toledo, OH, USA
| | - Fouad Jaber
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Dushyant Singh Dahiya
- Department of Medicine, Central Michigan University College of Medicine, Mount Pleasant, MI, USA
| | - Hassam Ali
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, East Carolina University Health, Greenville, NC, USA
| | - Shaharyar Salim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Wade Lee-Smith
- University of Toledo Libraries, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA
| | - Amir Humza Sohail
- Department of General Surgery, New York University Langone Health, Long Island, NY, USA
| | - Sumant Inamdar
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Muhammad Aziz
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Toledo Medical Center, Toledo, OH, USA
| | - Benjamin Hart
- Depertment of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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Lee TG, Song GH, Ahn HM, Oh HK, Byun M, Han EC, Kim S, Kim CW, Kim HJ, Hong S, Song KH, Kim CW, Cho YB. Public effect of the 2022 Colorectal Cancer Awareness Campaign delivered through a metaverse platform. Ann Coloproctol 2024; 40:145-153. [PMID: 37105524 PMCID: PMC11082545 DOI: 10.3393/ac.2023.00122.0017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The Korean Society of Coloproctology has been conducting Colorectal Cancer Awareness Campaign, also known as the Gold Ribbon Campaign, every September since 2007. The 2022 campaign was held through a metaverse platform targeting the younger age group under the slogan of raising awareness of early-onset colorectal cancer (CRC). This study aimed to analyze the impact of the 2022 campaign on a metaverse platform. METHODS Anonymized survey data were collected from participants in the metaverse campaign from September 1 to 15, 2022. The satisfaction score of the participants was evaluated by sex, age group, and previous campaign participation status. RESULTS During the campaign, 2,770 people visited the metaverse. Among them, 455 people participated in the survey (response rate, 16.4%). Approximately 95% of the participants reported being satisfied with the information provided by the campaign, understood the necessity of undergoing screening for and prevention of early-onset CRC, and were familiar with the structure of the metaverse. The satisfaction score for campaign information tended to decrease as the participants' age increased. When the participants' overall level of satisfaction with the metaverse platform was assessed, teenagers scored particularly lower than the other age groups. The satisfaction scores for CRC information provided in the metaverse, as well as the scores for recognizing the seriousness and necessity of screening for early-onset CRC, indicated a high positive tendency (P<0.001). CONCLUSION Most of the 2022 Gold Ribbon Campaign participants were satisfied with the metaverse platform. Medical society should pay attention to increasing participation in and satisfaction with future public campaigns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae-Gyun Lee
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Gil-Hyeon Song
- Department of Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hong-min Ahn
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Heung-Kwon Oh
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
- Department of Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Moonkyoung Byun
- Department of Applied Artificial Intelligence, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eon Chul Han
- Colorectal Division of General Surgery, Dongnam Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Busan, Korea
| | - Sohyun Kim
- Department of Surgery, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Chang Woo Kim
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Hye Jin Kim
- Colorectal Cancer Center, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | | | | | - Chan Wook Kim
- Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yong Beom Cho
- Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - on behalf of the Public Relations Committee of the Korean Society of Coloproctology (KSCP)
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
- Department of Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Applied Artificial Intelligence, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea
- Colorectal Division of General Surgery, Dongnam Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Busan, Korea
- Department of Surgery, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
- Colorectal Cancer Center, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, Korea
- 365 Hang Surgical Clinic, Seoul, Korea
- Seoul DHU Surgery Clinic, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Garg R, Burke CA, Aggarwal M, Macaron C, Singh A, Kim MK, Regueiro M, Amit B, Chahal P, Garg S. Sessile serrated polyp detection rates after fecal immunochemical test or multitarget stool DNA test: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Endosc Int Open 2024; 12:E474-E487. [PMID: 38585019 PMCID: PMC10997425 DOI: 10.1055/a-2256-3411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and study aims Published studies report a higher adenoma detection rate (ADR) for FIT-DNA as compared with FIT. Data are less replete about the performance of stool-based tests for sessile serrated polyp (SSP) detection. We performed a meta-analysis to evaluate the performance of FIT and FIT-DNA testing for SSP detection rate (SSPDR) in patients undergoing colonoscopy for follow up of positive noninvasive tests. Methods A comprehensive literature search of multiple databases (until September 2022) was performed to identify studies reporting SSPDR in patients with positive FIT or FIT-DNA tests. The outcome was overall colonoscopy detection of any SSPs and advanced serrated polyps (ASP: SSP ≥ 10 mm and/or dysplasia). Results Included were 482,405 patients (52.4% females) with a mean age of 62.3 ± 4.4 years from 23 studies. The pooled SSPDR for all positive stool-based tests was 5.3% and higher for FIT-DNA (15.0%, 95% confidence interval [CI] 8.3-25.7) versus FIT (4.1%, 95% CI 3.0-5.6; P = 0.0002). The overall pooled ASP detection rate was 1.4% (95% CI 0.81-2.3) and higher for FIT-DNA (3.8 %, 95% CI 1.7-8.6) compared with FIT (0.71%, 95% CI 0.36-1.4; P <0.01). SSPDR with FIT-DNA was also significantly higher than FIT when the FIT cutoff was >10 ug/g and in FIT-positive patients in studies conducted in North America ( P <0.05). Conclusions FIT-DNA outperformed FIT in both SSP and ASP detection including FIT with a lower threshold cutoff of >10 ug/g. Further comparative studies are needed to assess the impact of our findings on colorectal cancer reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajat Garg
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, United States
| | - Carol A. Burke
- Internal Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, United States
| | - Manik Aggarwal
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, United States
| | - Carole Macaron
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, United States
| | - Amandeep Singh
- Internal Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, United States
| | - Michelle K. Kim
- Internal Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, United States
| | - Miguel Regueiro
- Internal Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, United States
| | - Bhatt Amit
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, United States
| | - Prabhleen Chahal
- Internal Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, United States
| | - Shashank Garg
- Medicine, University of Arkansas System, Little Rock, United States
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Jeri-Yabar A, Vittini-Hernandez L, Aller-Rojas R, Arias-Reyes F, Lozada Zingoni C. From No Disease to Stage IV Colon Cancer in Four Months: A Case Report. Cureus 2024; 16:e58134. [PMID: 38741884 PMCID: PMC11088957 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.58134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer remains one of the most common cancers in the population. Meanwhile, steroids or other immunosuppressive drugs are usually given in rheumatological diseases as a treatment for flare-ups. Herein, we present the case of a 61-year-old female diagnosed with metastatic colorectal cancer merely four months following the commencement of glucocorticoid therapy for a recently diagnosed rheumatologic condition, despite a clear colorectal cancer screening colonoscopy conducted four months prior. The case report discusses the possible impact of corticosteroids on the fast disease progression of colorectal cancer and raises awareness regarding this potential risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Jeri-Yabar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Beth Israel, New York, USA
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35
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Sun YX, Tang T, Zou JY, Yue QQ, Hu LF, Peng T, Meng XR, Feng GH, Huang LL, Zeng Y. Interventions to Improve Endoscopic Screening Adherence of Cancer in High-Risk Populations: A Scoping Review. Patient Prefer Adherence 2024; 18:709-720. [PMID: 38524198 PMCID: PMC10961025 DOI: 10.2147/ppa.s443607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Colorectal, and gastric cancers have the second, and fourth mortality rates worldwide, respectively. Endoscopic screening is a crucial diagnostic tool for colorectal, and gastric cancers. Effective interventions can improve adherence to endoscopic screening in high-risk populations, which is important for cancer prevention and mortality reduction. This study aimed to identify interventions that could improve adherence to endoscopic screening for cancer in high-risk populations. Methods Combination keywords including colorectal cancer, gastric cancer, screening adherence, and interventions were used to search for articles in PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and MEDLINE Complete. The review methodology was guided by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-SCR). Results A total of 12 articles were included in this review: 9 randomized controlled trials(RCT) and 3 quasi-experimental studies(QEDs). Among the extracted studies, 11 were about colorectal cancer, and 1 was about gastric cancer. Most studies used lecture-based or Information Technology-based health education interventions. Narrative interventions have proven to be novel and effective approaches for promoting adherence to endoscopic screening. Health education interventions included cancer epidemiology, cancer risk factors, warning symptoms, and screening methods. Conclusion All interventions involved were effective in increasing individual knowledge of cancer-related endoscopic screening, willingness to undergo screening, and screening behaviors. These findings provide a reference for designing endoscopy-related cancer screening interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Xue Sun
- Department of International and Humanistic Nursing, School of Nursing, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tian Tang
- Department of International and Humanistic Nursing, School of Nursing, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jin-Yu Zou
- Department of International and Humanistic Nursing, School of Nursing, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qian-Qian Yue
- Department of International and Humanistic Nursing, School of Nursing, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li-Feng Hu
- Department of International and Humanistic Nursing, School of Nursing, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tong Peng
- Department of International and Humanistic Nursing, School of Nursing, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xin-Ru Meng
- Department of International and Humanistic Nursing, School of Nursing, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ge-Hui Feng
- Department of International and Humanistic Nursing, School of Nursing, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li-Li Huang
- Department of International and Humanistic Nursing, School of Nursing, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ying Zeng
- Department of International and Humanistic Nursing, School of Nursing, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, People’s Republic of China
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Cellular & Molecular Pathology, Cancer Research Institute, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, People’s Republic of China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center for Early Diagnosis and Treatment of Liver Cancer, Cancer Research Institute, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, People's Republic of China
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Half EE, Levi Z, Mannalithara A, Leshno M, Ben-Aharon I, Abu-Freha N, Silverman B, Ladabaum U. Colorectal cancer screening at age 45 years in Israel: Cost-effectiveness and global implications. Cancer 2024; 130:901-912. [PMID: 38180788 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.35097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence at ages <50 years is increasing worldwide. Screening initiation was lowered to 45 years in the United States. The cost-effectiveness of initiating CRC screening at 45 years in Israel was assessed with the aim of informing national policy and addressing internationally relevant questions. METHODS A validated CRC screening model was calibrated to Israeli data and examined annual fecal immunochemical testing (FIT) or colonoscopy every 10 years from 45 to 74 years (FIT45-74 or Colo45-74) versus from 50 to 74 years (FIT50-74 or Colo50-74). The addition of a fourth colonoscopy at 75 years was explored, subanalyses were performed by sex/ethnicity, and resource demands were estimated. RESULTS FIT50-74 and Colo50-74 reduced CRC incidence by 57% and 70% and mortality by 70% and 77%, respectively, versus no screening, with greater absolute impact in Jews/Other versus Arabs but comparable relative impact. FIT45-74 further reduced CRC incidence and mortality by an absolute 3% and 2%, respectively. With Colo45-74 versus Colo50-74, CRC cases and deaths increased slightly as three colonoscopies per lifetime shifted to 5 years earlier but mean quality-adjusted life-years gained (QALYGs) per person increased. FIT45-74 and Colo45-74 cost 23,800-53,900 new Israeli shekels (NIS)/QALYG and 110,600-162,700 NIS/QALYG, with the lowest and highest values among Jewish/Other men and Arab women, respectively. A fourth lifetime colonoscopy cost 48,700 NIS/QALYG. Lowering FIT initiation to 45 years with modest participation required 19,300 additional colonoscopies in the first 3 years. CONCLUSIONS Beginning CRC screening at 45 years in Israel is projected to yield modest clinical benefits at acceptable costs per QALYG. Despite different estimates by sex/ethnicity, a uniform national policy is favored. These findings can inform Israeli guidelines and serve as a case study internationally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth E Half
- Gastroenterology Institute, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel
- The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Zohar Levi
- Division of Gastroenterology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ajitha Mannalithara
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Moshe Leshno
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Coller School of Management, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Irit Ben-Aharon
- The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
- Division of Oncology, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel
| | - Naim Abu-Freha
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Soroka University Medical Center, Beer Sheva, Israel
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Barbara Silverman
- Israel National Cancer Registry, Ministry of Health, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Uri Ladabaum
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
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Coleman D, Kuwada S. miRNA as a Biomarker for the Early Detection of Colorectal Cancer. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:338. [PMID: 38540397 PMCID: PMC10969835 DOI: 10.3390/genes15030338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short, non-coding RNA segments that can be detected in a variety of clinical samples, including serum, stool, and urine. While miRNAs were initially known for their effect on post-translational gene expression, the last decade of research has shown them to be promising biomarkers for the detection of many types of cancer. This paper explores the use of miRNA detection as a tool for colorectal cancer (CRC) screening. We discuss the current state of miRNA detection, compare it to the existing CRC screening tools, and highlight the advantages and drawbacks of this approach from a clinical and logistical perspective. Our research finds that miRNA-based tests for CRC show great potential, but that widespread clinical adoption will be conditional on future research overcoming key hurdles.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Coleman
- John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, 651 Ilalo Street, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA
| | - Scott Kuwada
- John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, 651 Ilalo Street, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA
- University of Hawaii Cancer Center, 01 Ilalo Street, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA
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Liang SY, Oscarson B, Kenkare P, Yan SX, Mudiganti S, Martinez MC, Huang ES. Trends in Detection of Adenoma and Sessile Serrated Lesions Over a Decade in a Community-Based Healthcare System. Clin Transl Gastroenterol 2024; 15:e00683. [PMID: 38270213 PMCID: PMC10962881 DOI: 10.14309/ctg.0000000000000683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Adenoma detection rate (ADR) is an accepted benchmark for screening colonoscopy. Factors driving ADR and its relationship with sessile serrated lesions detection rate (SSLDR) over time remain unclear. We aim to explore patient, physician, and procedural influences on ADR and SSLDR trends. METHODS Using a large healthcare system in northern California from January 2010 to December 2020, a total of 146,818 screening colonoscopies performed by 33 endoscopists were included. ADR and SSLDR were calculated over time using natural language processing. Logistic regression was used to calculate the odd ratios of patient demographics, physician attributes, and procedural details over time. RESULTS Between 2010 and 2020, ADR rose from 19.4% to 44.4%, whereas SSLDR increased from 1.6% to 11.6%. ADR increased by 2.7% per year (95% confidence interval 1.9%-3.4%), and SSLDR increased by 1.0% per year (95% confidence interval 0.8%-1.2%). Higher ADR was associated with older age, male sex, higher body mass index, current smoker, higher comorbidities, and high-risk colonoscopy. By contrast, SSLDR was associated with younger age, female sex, white race, and fewer comorbidities. Patient and procedure characteristics did not significantly change over time ( P -interaction >0.05). Longer years in practice and male physician were associated with lower ADR and SSLDR in 2010, but significantly attenuated over time ( P -interaction <0.05). DISCUSSION Both ADR and SSLDR have increased over time. Patient and procedure factors did not significantly change over time. Male endoscopist and longer years in practice had lower initial ADR and SSLDR, but significantly lessened over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Ying Liang
- Center for Health Systems Research, Palo Alto, California, USA
| | | | - Pragati Kenkare
- Center for Health Systems Research, Palo Alto, California, USA
| | - Sherry X. Yan
- Center for Health Systems Research, Walnut Creek, California, USA
| | - Satish Mudiganti
- Center for Health Systems Research, Walnut Creek, California, USA
| | | | - Edward S. Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Palo Alto Medical Foundation, Sutter Health, San Jose, California, USA
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Atarere J, Naqvi H, Haas C, Adewunmi C, Bandaru S, Allamneni R, Ugonabo O, Egbo O, Umoren M, Kanth P. Applicability of Online Chat-Based Artificial Intelligence Models to Colorectal Cancer Screening. Dig Dis Sci 2024; 69:791-797. [PMID: 38267726 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-024-08274-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Over the past year, studies have shown potential in the applicability of ChatGPT in various medical specialties including cardiology and oncology. However, the application of ChatGPT and other online chat-based AI models to patient education and patient-physician communication on colorectal cancer screening has not been critically evaluated which is what we aimed to do in this study. METHODS We posed 15 questions on important colorectal cancer screening concepts and 5 common questions asked by patients to the 3 most commonly used freely available artificial intelligence (AI) models. The responses provided by the AI models were graded for appropriateness and reliability using American College of Gastroenterology guidelines. The responses to each question provided by an AI model were graded as reliably appropriate (RA), reliably inappropriate (RI) and unreliable. Grader assessments were validated by the joint probability of agreement for two raters. RESULTS ChatGPT and YouChat™ provided RA responses to the questions posed more often than BingChat. There were two questions that > 1 AI model provided unreliable responses to. ChatGPT did not provide references. BingChat misinterpreted some of the information it referenced. The age of CRC screening provided by YouChat™ was not consistently up-to-date. Inter-rater reliability for 2 raters was 89.2%. CONCLUSION Most responses provided by AI models on CRC screening were appropriate. Some limitations exist in their ability to correctly interpret medical literature and provide updated information in answering queries. Patients should consult their physicians for context on the recommendations made by these AI models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Atarere
- Department of Medicine, MedStar Health, 201 East University Pkwy, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA.
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Haider Naqvi
- Department of Medicine, MedStar Health, 201 East University Pkwy, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - Christopher Haas
- Department of Medicine, MedStar Health, 201 East University Pkwy, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - Comfort Adewunmi
- Division of Geriatrics and Gerontology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Sumanth Bandaru
- Department of Medicine, MedStar Health, 201 East University Pkwy, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - Rakesh Allamneni
- Department of Medicine, MedStar Health, 201 East University Pkwy, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - Onyinye Ugonabo
- Department of Medicine, Marshall University Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Huntington, WV, USA
| | - Olachi Egbo
- Department of Medicine, Aurora Medical Center, Oshkosh, WI, USA
| | - Mfoniso Umoren
- Division of Gastroenterology, Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Priyanka Kanth
- Division of Gastroenterology, Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
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Chen X, Zhu X, Wei B, Ji L, Yang C, Zhan Q. Comparison of the characteristics of the CF-H290I and PCF-Q260JI colonoscopes in non-sedated patients with a history of abdominal or pelvic surgery: a randomized controlled study. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2024; 39:457-463. [PMID: 37984841 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.16398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM The purpose of this randomized controlled study was to compare the characteristics of the CF-H290I (high-definition) colonoscope with those of the PCF-Q260JI (high-resolution) colonoscope in non-sedated patients with a history of abdominal or pelvic surgery in an effort to help endoscopists to select more effectively and objectively between the various colonoscopes. METHODS A total of 397 patients who underwent colonoscopy at the Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, between August 2022 and October 2022 were randomized to a CF-H290I group (n = 198) or a PCF-Q260JI group (n = 199) using a computer-generated allocation method. We compared the adenoma detection rate (ADR), patient satisfaction with the examination, discomfort associated with colonoscopy including abdominal distension and pain, cecal intubation time, and patient willingness to undergo colonoscopy in the future between the CF-H290I and PCF-Q260JI groups. RESULTS There was no statistically significant difference in the overall ADR between the CF-H290I and PCF-Q260JI groups (81 [40.9%] vs 63 [31.7%], Z = 3.674, P = 0.055). However, the ADRs in the transverse colon and left colon were significantly higher in the CF-H290I group (22 [11.1%] vs 6 [3.0%], Z = 9.588, P = 0.002 and 57 [28.8%] vs 37 [18.6%], Z = 5.212, P = 0.017, respectively). More sessile serrated lesions were detected in the CF-H290I group (52 [26.3] vs 30 [15.1%], Z = 7.579, P = 0.006). Patient satisfaction with colonoscopy was better in the PCF-Q260JI group (8.91 ± 1.09 vs 8.51 ± 1.44, t = -3.158, P < 0.01) with less likelihood of discomfort (23 [11.6%] vs 41 [20.7%], Z = 6.144, P = 0.013), The number of patients willing to undergo colonoscopy in the future was significantly greater in the PCF-Q260JI group (168 [84.4%] vs 149 [75.3%], Z = 5.186, P = 0.023). The cecal intubation time was significantly shorter in the CF-H290I group (256.09 ± 155.70 s vs 315.64 ± 171.64 s, P = 0.004). There were no complications such as perforation or bleeding in either group. CONCLUSION The CF-H290I and PCF-Q260JI colonoscopes each have advantages when used in patients with a history of abdominal or pelvic surgery. The CF-H290I has higher ADRs in the transverse and left colon whereas the PCF-Q260JI is less painful and better accepted by patients. This study was approved by the Clinical Research Ethics Committee of Wuxi People's Hospital and was registered in the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR2200063092).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xujin Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi People's Hospital, Wuxi Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Branch of the National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Wuxi, China
| | - Xianlan Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi People's Hospital, Wuxi Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Branch of the National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Wuxi, China
| | - Bingni Wei
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi People's Hospital, Wuxi Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Branch of the National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Wuxi, China
| | - Lin Ji
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi People's Hospital, Wuxi Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Branch of the National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Wuxi, China
| | - Cheng Yang
- Department of Digestive Endoscopy Center, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi People's Hospital, Wuxi Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Branch of the National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Wuxi, China
| | - Qiang Zhan
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi People's Hospital, Wuxi Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Branch of the National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Wuxi, China
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Dagne GA. Spatial mapping of colorectal cancer screening uptake and associated factors. Eur J Cancer Prev 2024; 33:161-167. [PMID: 37702612 DOI: 10.1097/cej.0000000000000840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Over the past decades, it has been understood that the availability of screening tests has contributed to a steady decline in incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC). However, it is also seen that there is a geographic disparity in the use of such tests across small areas. The aim of this study is to examine small-area level barrier factors that may impact CRC screening uptake and to delineate coldspot (low uptake of screening) counties in Florida. METHODS Data on the percentages of county-level CRC screening uptakes in 2016 and county-level barrier factors for screening were obtained from the Florida Department of Health, Division of Public Health Statistics & Performance Management. Bayesian spatial beta models were used to produce posterior probability of deceedance to identify coldspots for CRC screening rates. RESULTS Unadjusted screening rates using sigmoidoscopy or colonoscopy test ranged from 56.8 to 85%. Bayesian spatial beta models were fitted to the proportion data. At an ecological level, we found that an increasing rate of CRC screening uptake for either of the test types (colon/rectum exam, stool-based test) was strongly associated with a higher health insurance coverage, and lower percentage of population that speak English less than very well (immigration) at county level. Eleven coldspot counties out of 67 total were also identified. CONCLUSION This study suggests that health insurance disparities in the use of CRC screening tests are an important factor that may need more attention for resource allocation and health policy targeting small areas with low uptake of screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Getachew A Dagne
- College of Public Health, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
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Luu MN, Trinh NA, Tran TLT, Dang TP, Hiyama T, Quach DT. Performance of the Asia-Pacific Colorectal Screening score in stratifying the risk of advanced colorectal neoplasia: A meta-analysis and systematic review. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2024. [PMID: 38425009 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.16523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM This study systematically reviewed and meta-analyzed the performance of the Asia-Pacific Colorectal Screening (APCS) score and its incorporation with the fecal immunochemical test (FIT) in stratifying the risk of advanced colorectal neoplasia (ACN). METHODS We systematically searched for relevant articles in 12 electronic databases and registers on October 20, 2021, and updated the search to September 1, 2023. Random-effect models were used to obtain the pooled performance statistics of the APCS score for ACN risk. RESULTS From the 101 records screened, 13 eligible studies in the Asia-Pacific region involving 69 762 subjects who had undergone colonoscopy were enrolled. The pooled prevalences of ACN in the average-risk (AR) tier (APCS 0-1), moderate-risk (MR) tier (APCS 2-3), and high-risk (HR) tier (APCS ≥ 4) groups were 0.9%, 3.1%, and 8.1%, respectively. Compared with the combined AR-MR group, the HR group was significantly associated with a higher ACN risk (pooled diagnostic odds ratio: 2.84, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.35-3.45, P < 0.001). The APCS score showed a sensitivity of 0.42 (95% CI: 0.40-0.44) and a specificity of 0.86 (95% CI: 0.85-0.86) for predicting the ACN risk, with a weighted area under the curve of 0.642 (95% CI: 0.610-0.657). The combination of the APCS score and FIT substantially improved ACN risk identification, demonstrating pooled diagnostic odds ratios of 4.02 (95% CI: 2.50-6.49) in the AR-MR groups and 5.44 (95% CI: 1.89-15.63) in the MR-HR groups. CONCLUSIONS The APCS score could effectively stratify the ACN risk in the Asia-Pacific population. Incorporating FIT further improves its performance in identifying high-risk subjects who should be prioritized for colonoscopy screenings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mai Ngoc Luu
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nhan Dan Gia Dinh Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Nhi Ai Trinh
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Tan Tao University, Long An, Vietnam
| | - Truc Le Thanh Tran
- Department of Endoscopy, University Medical Center, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Thinh Phuong Dang
- Department of Endoscopy, Nhan Dan Gia Dinh Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Toru Hiyama
- Health Service Center, Hiroshima University, Higashihiroshima, Japan
| | - Duc Trong Quach
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nhan Dan Gia Dinh Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
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Liu S, Wang Y, Wang Y, Duan C, Liu F, Zhang H, Tian X, Ding X, Zhang M, Cao D, Liu Y, Jiang R, Zhuo D, Peng J, Zhu S, Zhao L, Wang J, Wei L, Shi Z. Population-based screening for colorectal cancer in Wuhan, China. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1284975. [PMID: 38487726 PMCID: PMC10937563 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1284975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Fecal DNA test has emerged as a non-invasive alternative for colorectal cancer (CRC) screening in average-risk population. However, there is currently insufficient evidence in China to demonstrate the effectiveness of population-based CRC screening using fecal DNA based test. Here, a large-scale real-world study for CRC screening was implemented in Wuhan, Hubei province, China. A total of 98,683 subjects aged between 45 and 60 years were screened by a fecal DNA test (ColoTect®) which detected methylation status of SDC2, ADHFE1, and PPP2R5C. Participants who tested positive were advised to receive diagnostic colonoscopy. 4449 (4.5%) subjects tested positive for fecal DNA test, and 3200 (71.9%) underwent colonoscopy. Among these, 2347 (73.3%) had abnormal colonoscopy findings, of which 1330 (56.7%) subjects received pathological diagnosis. Detection rates for CRC and advanced precancerous lesions were 1.3% and 2.3%, respectively. Detection rates for nonadvanced adenomas and polyps were 14.0% and 21.6%, respectively. 28.0% of all colonoscopies showed colorectal neoplasm but lack pathological diagnosis. 6.1% showed other abnormalities such as enteritis. In conclusion, preliminary real-world evidence suggested that fecal DNA tests had promising diagnostic yield in population-based CRC screening. Clinical trial registration https://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.html?proj=192838, identifier ChiCTR2300070520.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Wuhan No. 1 Hospital, Wuhan Hospital of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Wuhan No. 1 Hospital, Wuhan Hospital of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yifan Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Wuhan No. 1 Hospital, Wuhan Hospital of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Wuhan No. 1 Hospital, Wuhan Hospital of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | | | - Chaofan Duan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Wuhan No. 1 Hospital, Wuhan Hospital of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Wuhan No. 1 Hospital, Wuhan Hospital of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Fan Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Wuhan No. 1 Hospital, Wuhan Hospital of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Wuhan No. 1 Hospital, Wuhan Hospital of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Heng Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Wuhan Central Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xia Tian
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Hospital of Wuhan (Tongren Hospital of Wuhan University), Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xiangwu Ding
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Fourth Hospital of Wuhan, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Manling Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Wuhan No. 1 Hospital, Wuhan Hospital of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Wuhan No. 1 Hospital, Wuhan Hospital of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Dan Cao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Wuhan No. 1 Hospital, Wuhan Hospital of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Wuhan No. 1 Hospital, Wuhan Hospital of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Wuhan No. 1 Hospital, Wuhan Hospital of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Wuhan No. 1 Hospital, Wuhan Hospital of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | | | - Duan Zhuo
- BGI Genomics Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, China
| | | | - Shida Zhu
- BGI Genomics Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, China
| | | | - Jian Wang
- BGI Genomics Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, China
| | - Li Wei
- Wuhan No. 1 Hospital, Wuhan Hospital of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zhaohong Shi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Wuhan No. 1 Hospital, Wuhan Hospital of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Wuhan No. 1 Hospital, Wuhan Hospital of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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Caruso D, Polici M, Bellini D, Laghi A. ESR Essentials: Imaging in colorectal cancer-practice recommendations by ESGAR. Eur Radiol 2024:10.1007/s00330-024-10645-3. [PMID: 38418627 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-024-10645-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a significant global health concern. Diagnostic imaging, using different modalities, has a pivotal role in CRC, from early detection (i.e., screening) to follow-up. The role of imaging in CRC screening depends on each country's approach: if an organized screening program is in place, the role of CT colonography (CTC) is limited to the study of either individuals with a positive stool test unwilling/unable to undergo colonoscopy (CC) or in patients with incomplete CC. Although CC is the most common modality to diagnose CRC, CRC can be also incidentally detected during a routine abdominal imaging examination or at the emergency room in patients presenting with intestinal occlusion/subocclusion or perforation. Staging is a crucial aspect of CRC management, guiding treatment decisions and providing valuable prognostic information. An accurate local staging is mandatory in both rectal and colon cancer to drive the appropriate therapeutic workflow. Important limitations of US, CT, and MR in N-staging can be partially solved by FDG PET/CT. Distant staging is usually managed by CT, with MR and FDG PET/CT which can be used as problem-solving techniques. Follow-up is performed according to the general recommendations of the oncological societies. CLINICAL RELEVANCE STATEMENT: It is essential to summarize each phase of colorectal cancer workup, differentiating the management for colon and rectal cancer supported by the main international guidelines and literature data, with the aim to inform the community on the best practice imaging in colorectal cancer. KEY POINTS: • Colorectal cancer is a prevalent disease that lends itself to imaging at each stage of detection and management. • Various imaging modalities can be used as adjuncts to, or in place of, direct visualization methods of screening and are necessary for evaluating metastatic disease. • Reevaluation of follow-up strategies should be considered depending on patients' individual risk of recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damiano Caruso
- Radiology Unit, Department of Medical Surgical Sciences and Translational Medicine, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Sant'Andrea University Hospital, Via Di Grottarossa, 1035-1039, 00189, Rome, Italy
| | - Michela Polici
- Radiology Unit, Department of Medical Surgical Sciences and Translational Medicine, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Sant'Andrea University Hospital, Via Di Grottarossa, 1035-1039, 00189, Rome, Italy
- PhD School in Traslational Medicine and Oncology, Department of Medical Surgical Sciences and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Davide Bellini
- Department of Radiological Sciences, Oncology and Pathology, "Sapienza" University of Rome, I.C.O.T. Hospital, Latina, Italy
| | - Andrea Laghi
- Radiology Unit, Department of Medical Surgical Sciences and Translational Medicine, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Sant'Andrea University Hospital, Via Di Grottarossa, 1035-1039, 00189, Rome, Italy.
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Haghbin H, Zakirkhodjaev N, Fatima R, Kamal F, Aziz M. Efficacy and Safety of Thermal Ablation after Endoscopic Mucosal Resection: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis. J Clin Med 2024; 13:1298. [PMID: 38592137 PMCID: PMC10932371 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13051298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Large colonic polyps during colonoscopy can be managed by Endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR). To decrease the polyp recurrence rate, thermal ablation methods like argon plasma coagulation (APC) and snare tip soft coagulation (STSC) have been introduced. We performed this network meta-analysis to assess the efficacy and safety of these modalities. (2) Methods: We performed a comprehensive literature review, through 5 January 2024, of databases including Embase, PubMed, SciELO, KCI, Cochrane Central, and Web of Science. Using a random effects model, we conducted a frequentist approach network meta-analysis. The risk ratio (RR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) was calculated. Safety and efficacy endpoints including rates of recurrence, bleeding, perforation, and post polypectomy syndrome were compared. (3) Results: Our search yielded a total of 13 studies with 2686 patients. Compared to placebo, both APC (RR: 0.33 CI: 0.20-0.54, p < 0.01) and STSC (RR: 0.27, CI: 0.21-0.34, p < 0.01) showed decreased recurrence rates. On ranking, STSC showed the lowest recurrence rate, followed by APC and placebo. Regarding individual adverse events, there was no statistically significant difference between either of the thermal ablation methods and placebo. (4) Conclusions: We demonstrated the efficacy and safety of thermal ablation after EMR for decreasing recurrence of adenoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Haghbin
- Division of Gastroenterology, Ascension Providence Hospital, Southfield, MI 48075, USA
| | - Nuruddinkhodja Zakirkhodjaev
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77021, USA;
| | - Rawish Fatima
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43606, USA;
| | - Faisal Kamal
- Division of Gastroenterology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19144, USA;
| | - Muhammad Aziz
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Bon Secours Mercy Health, Toledo, OH 43608, USA;
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Lwin MW, Cheng CY, Calderazzo S, Schramm C, Schlander M. Would initiating colorectal cancer screening from age of 45 be cost-effective in Germany? An individual-level simulation analysis. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1307427. [PMID: 38454984 PMCID: PMC10919152 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1307427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Colorectal cancer (CRC) screening has been shown to be effective and cost-saving. However, the trend of rising incidence of early-onset CRC challenges the current national screening program solely for people ≥50 years in Germany, where extending the screening to those 45-49 years might be justified. This study aims to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of CRC screening strategies starting at 45 years in Germany. Method DECAS, an individual-level simulation model accounting for both adenoma and serrated pathways of CRC development and validated with German CRC epidemiology and screening effects, was used for the cost-effectiveness analysis. Four CRC screening strategies starting at age 45, including 10-yearly colonoscopy (COL), annual/biennial fecal immunochemical test (FIT), or the combination of the two, were compared with the current screening offer starting at age 50 years in Germany. Three adherence scenarios were considered: perfect adherence, current adherence, and high screening adherence. For each strategy, a cohort of 100,000 individuals with average CRC risk was simulated from age 20 until 90 or death. Outcomes included CRC cases averted, prevented death, quality-adjusted life-years gained (QALYG), and total incremental costs considering both CRC treatment and screening costs. A 3% discount rate was applied and costs were in 2023 Euro. Result Initiating 10-yearly colonoscopy-only or combined FIT + COL strategies at age 45 resulted in incremental gains of 7-28 QALYs with incremental costs of €28,360-€71,759 per 1,000 individuals, compared to the current strategy. The ICER varied from €1,029 to €9,763 per QALYG, and the additional number needed for colonoscopy ranged from 129 to 885 per 1,000 individuals. Among the alternatives, a three times colonoscopy strategy starting at 45 years of age proves to be the most effective, while the FIT-only strategy was dominated by the currently implemented strategy. The findings remained consistent across probabilistic sensitivity analyses. Conclusion The cost-effectiveness findings support initiating CRC screening at age 45 with either colonoscopy alone or combined with FIT, demonstrating substantial gains in quality-adjusted life-years with a modest increase in costs. Our findings emphasize the importance of implementing CRC screening 5 years earlier than the current practice to achieve more significant health and economic benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Wai Lwin
- Division of Health Economics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Chih-Yuan Cheng
- Division of Health Economics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Silvia Calderazzo
- Division of Biostatistics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christoph Schramm
- Clinics of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Transplantation Medicine, Essen University Hospital, Essen, Germany
| | - Michael Schlander
- Division of Health Economics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
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Sorbello MP, Ribeiro Júnior U, Eluf-Neto J, Pfuetzenreiter V, da Silva E Sousa Júnior AH, Kawaguti FS, Cohen DD, de Mello ES, Nahas SC, Safatle-Ribeiro AV. Feasibility and Colonoscopy Yield Using the Fecal Immunochemical Test (FIT)-Based Colorectal Cancer Screening in a Latin America Country. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2024:S1542-3565(24)00161-7. [PMID: 38342277 DOI: 10.1016/j.cgh.2024.01.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Organized colorectal cancer (CRC) screening is not widely practiced in Latin America and the results of regional studies may help overcome barriers for implementation of national screening programs. We aimed to describe the implementation and findings of a fecal immunochemical test (FIT)-based program in Brazil. METHODS In a prospective population-based study, asymptomatic individuals (50-75 years old) from Sao Paulo city were invited to undergo FIT for CRC screening. Participants with positive FIT (≥10 μg Hb/g feces) were referred for colonoscopy. Subjects were classified into groups according to the presence of CRC, precursor lesions, and other benign findings, possibly related to bleeding. RESULTS Of a total of 9881 subjects, 7.8% had positive FIT and colonoscopy compliance was 68.9% (n = 535). Boston scale was considered adequate in 99% and cecal intubation rate was 99.4%. CRC was diagnosed in 5.9% of the cases, adenoma in 63.2%, advanced adenoma in 31.4%, and advanced neoplasia in 33.0%. Age was positively associated with CRC (P = .03). Higher FIT concentrations were associated with increased detection of CRC (P < .008), advanced adenoma (P < .001), and advanced neoplasia (P < .001). CONCLUSIONS Implementation of a FIT-based CRC screening program was feasible in a low-resource setting, and there was a high yield for neoplasia in individuals with a positive FIT. This approach could be used as a model to plan and disseminate organized CRC screening more broadly in Brazil and Latin America.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauricio Paulin Sorbello
- Department of Gastroenterology, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Colonoscopy Unit of the Colorectal Surgical Division, Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Ulysses Ribeiro Júnior
- Department of Gastroenterology, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - José Eluf-Neto
- Department of Epidemiology, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Fundação Oncocentro de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vinicius Pfuetzenreiter
- Colonoscopy Unit of the Colorectal Surgical Division, Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Afonso Henrique da Silva E Sousa Júnior
- Department of Gastroenterology, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Colonoscopy Unit of the Colorectal Surgical Division, Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fábio Shiguehissa Kawaguti
- Department of Gastroenterology, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Endoscopy Unit, Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Sergio Carlos Nahas
- Department of Gastroenterology, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Adriana Vaz Safatle-Ribeiro
- Department of Gastroenterology, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Colonoscopy Unit of the Colorectal Surgical Division, Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Endoscopy Unit, Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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48
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Pereyra L, Schlottmann F, Steinberg L, Lasa J. Colorectal Cancer Prevention: Is Chat Generative Pretrained Transformer (Chat GPT) ready to Assist Physicians in Determining Appropriate Screening and Surveillance Recommendations? J Clin Gastroenterol 2024:00004836-990000000-00265. [PMID: 38319619 DOI: 10.1097/mcg.0000000000001979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine whether a publicly available advanced language model could help determine appropriate colorectal cancer (CRC) screening and surveillance recommendations. BACKGROUND Poor physician knowledge or inability to accurately recall recommendations might affect adherence to CRC screening guidelines. Adoption of newer technologies can help improve the delivery of such preventive care services. METHODS An assessment with 10 multiple choice questions, including 5 CRC screening and 5 CRC surveillance clinical vignettes, was inputted into chat generative pretrained transformer (ChatGPT) 3.5 in 4 separate sessions. Responses were recorded and screened for accuracy to determine the reliability of this tool. The mean number of correct answers was then compared against a control group of gastroenterologists and colorectal surgeons answering the same questions with and without the help of a previously validated CRC screening mobile app. RESULTS The average overall performance of ChatGPT was 45%. The mean number of correct answers was 2.75 (95% CI: 2.26-3.24), 1.75 (95% CI: 1.26-2.24), and 4.5 (95% CI: 3.93-5.07) for screening, surveillance, and total questions, respectively. ChatGPT showed inconsistency and gave a different answer in 4 questions among the different sessions. A total of 238 physicians also responded to the assessment; 123 (51.7%) without and 115 (48.3%) with the mobile app. The mean number of total correct answers of ChatGPT was significantly lower than those of physicians without [5.62 (95% CI: 5.32-5.92)] and with the mobile app [7.71 (95% CI: 7.39-8.03); P < 0.001]. CONCLUSIONS Large language models developed with artificial intelligence require further refinements to serve as reliable assistants in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisandro Pereyra
- Department of Gastroenterology
- Endoscopy Unit, Department of Surgery
| | - Francisco Schlottmann
- Endoscopy Unit, Department of Surgery
- Department of Surgery, Hospital Alemán of Buenos Aires
| | - Leandro Steinberg
- Department of Gastroenterology, Fundacion Favaloro, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Juan Lasa
- Department of Gastroenterology, CEMIC, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Long L, Sun Q, Yang F, Zhou H, Wang Y, Xiao C, He Q, Yi B. Significance of SDC2 and NDRG4 methylation in stool for colorectal cancer diagnosis. Clin Biochem 2024; 124:110717. [PMID: 38224931 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2024.110717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Revised: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies have identified methylated SDC2 and NDRG4 in colorectal cancer (CRC), however, the diagnostic value of the combined two genes remains undefined. This study aims to investigate the methylation of SDC2 and NDRG4 in stool samples and their application in diagnosis of CRC. METHODS Five groups were enrolled in our study which consisted of CRC (n = 138), advanced adenomas (n = 27), polyp (n = 35), intestinal disease control (n = 150), and healthy individuals (n = 28). Methylation status of SDC2 and NDRG4 in fecal samples were tested with appropriate commercial kits. Primary data were collected and statistical analyses were performed. RESULTS The positive rates of both SDC2 and NDRG4 methylation in stool samples of CRC group were significantly higher (P < 0.001) than those of either group of advanced adenomas, or polyp, or intestinal disease or the healthy control. It was suggested that both methylated SDC2,NDRG4, SDC2/NDRG4 and age were independent risk factors for CRC. The sensitivity of SDC2 and NDRG4 for CRC diagnosis were 73.9 % and 63.0 %, respectively, while SDC2 combined with NDRG4 had a higher sensitivity of 85.5 %. The specificity of SDC2, NDRG4 and SDC2 combined with NDRG4 achieved 91.6 %, 88.3 % and 84.6 %, respectively. The AUC for methylated SDC2 and NDRG4 were 0.828 (95 % CI: 0.780-0.876) and 0.757 (95 % CI: 0.703-0.811), respectively. In contrast, SDC2 combined with NDRG4 improved the AUC to 0.850 (95 % CI: 0.807-0.893). CONCLUSIONS This research confirmed the significance of detection of SDC2 and NDRG4 methylation by using noninvasive samples of stool. More importantly, attributing to their high level and frequency of methylation in stool, SDC2 and NDRG4 could be promising biomarkers for stool-based method for screening and early diagnosis of CRC, especially when combined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Long
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province 410008, China.
| | - Qian Sun
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province 410008, China
| | - Fang Yang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province 410008, China.
| | - Hui Zhou
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province 410008, China
| | - Yu Wang
- GeneTalks Biotech Co., Ltd. Changsha, Hunan Province 410000, China.
| | - Changhe Xiao
- GeneTalks Biotech Co., Ltd. Changsha, Hunan Province 410000, China.
| | - Qing He
- GeneTalks Biotech Co., Ltd. Changsha, Hunan Province 410000, China.
| | - Bin Yi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province 410008, China.
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50
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Wen CP, Tsai MK, Lee JH, Chiou HY, Wen C, Chu TWD, Chen CH. Uncovering a dose-response relationship between positive fecal immunochemical test (FIT) and all-cause, cardiovascular and cancer-related mortality. Eur J Intern Med 2024; 120:69-79. [PMID: 37777425 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejim.2023.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fecal immunochemical test (FIT) is for colorectal cancer (CRC) screening. Its association with non-CRC mortality has been overlooked. Given the quantitative FIT values, its dose-response relationships with different causes of deaths and years of life shortened were assessed. METHODS This retrospective study included 546,214 adults aged ≥ 20 who attended a health surveillance program from 1994 to 2017 and were followed up until the end of 2020. FIT ≥ 20 μg Hb/g was defined as positive. The Cox model was used to assess adjusted hazard ratios (aHR). RESULTS Positive FIT was associated with increased all-cause mortality (aHR: 1.34, 95 % CI: 1.25-1.44) and all-cancer mortality (aHR: 1.71, 95 % CI: 1.55-1.89), with a reduction of life expectancy by 4 years. The association remained even with CRC excluded. With each 10 μg Hb/g increase in FIT above 20 μg Hb/g, life expectancy was reduced by one year, and mortality increased by 4 %. About 18.6 % of deaths with positive FIT were attributed to cardiovascular disease (CVD), followed by CRC (13.5 %) and upper gastrointestinal (GI) cancers (4.5 %). The all-cause mortality rate after excluding CRC for positive FIT was 3.56/1,000 person-year, comparable to the all-cause mortality rate of 3.69/1,000 person-year for hypertension. CONCLUSION Positive FIT was associated with increased mortality in a dose-response manner and shortened life expectancy by 4 years, an overlooked risk comparable to hypertension, even with CRC excluded. After a negative colonoscopy, subjects with positive FIT should undergo a workup on CVD risk factors and look for other upper GI cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Pang Wen
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan; China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | | | - June Han Lee
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Hung Yi Chiou
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Christopher Wen
- Long Beach VAMC Hospital, University of Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | | | - Chien Hua Chen
- College of Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan; Digestive Disease Center, Changhua Show-Chwan Memorial Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan; Department of Food Science and Technology, Hungkuang University, Taichung, Taiwan.
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