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Yang CC, Lee IT, Lin YJ, Wu WB, Hsiao LD, Yang CM. Thrombin-Induced COX-2 Expression and PGE 2 Synthesis in Human Tracheal Smooth Muscle Cells: Role of PKCδ/Pyk2-Dependent AP-1 Pathway Modulation. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15130. [PMID: 37894811 PMCID: PMC10606820 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we confirmed that thrombin significantly increases the production of COX-2 and PGE2 in human tracheal smooth muscle cells (HTSMCs), leading to inflammation in the airways and lungs. These molecules are well-known contributors to various inflammatory diseases. Here, we investigated in detail the involved signaling pathways using specific inhibitors and small interfering RNAs (siRNAs). Our results demonstrated that inhibitors targeting proteins such as protein kinase C (PKC)δ, proline-rich tyrosine kinase 2 (Pyk2), c-Src, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), or activator protein-1 (AP-1) effectively reduced thrombin-induced COX-2 and PGE2 production. Additionally, transfection with siRNAs against PKCδ, Pyk2, c-Src, EGFR, protein kinase B (Akt), or c-Jun mitigated these responses. Furthermore, our observations revealed that thrombin stimulated the phosphorylation of key components of the signaling cascade, including PKCδ, Pyk2, c-Src, EGFR, Akt, and c-Jun. Thrombin activated COX-2 promoter activity through AP-1 activation, a process that was disrupted by a point-mutated AP-1 site within the COX-2 promoter. Finally, resveratrol (one of the most researched natural polyphenols) was found to effectively inhibit thrombin-induced COX-2 expression and PGE2 release in HTSMCs through blocking the activation of Pyk2, c-Src, EGFR, Akt, and c-Jun. In summary, our findings demonstrate that thrombin-induced COX-2 and PGE2 generation involves a PKCδ/Pyk2/c-Src/EGFR/PI3K/Akt-dependent AP-1 activation pathway. This study also suggests the potential use of resveratrol as an intervention for managing airway inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Chung Yang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Taoyuan, Taoyuan 333008, Taiwan;
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333323, Taiwan
| | - I-Ta Lee
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan;
| | - Yan-Jyun Lin
- Ph.D. Program for Biotech Pharmaceutical Industry, China Medical University, Taichung 406040, Taiwan;
| | - Wen-Bin Wu
- School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242062, Taiwan;
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Science, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242062, Taiwan;
| | - Li-Der Hsiao
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Science, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242062, Taiwan;
| | - Chuen-Mao Yang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Science, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242062, Taiwan;
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Miyauchi S, Nakagome K, Noguchi T, Kobayashi T, Ueda Y, Soma T, Nagata M. Japanese cedar pollen upregulates the effector functions of eosinophils. Asia Pac Allergy 2021; 11:e26. [PMID: 34386402 PMCID: PMC8331255 DOI: 10.5415/apallergy.2021.11.e26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Symptoms of rhinitis and asthma can be exacerbated during Japanese cedar pollen (JCP)-scattering season, even in subjects who are not sensitized to JCP, suggesting that innate immune responses may contribute to this process. We previously reported that house dust mite directly activates the effector functions of eosinophils. Similar mechanisms may play roles in the JCP-related aggravation of allergic diseases. Objective To investigate whether JCP or Cry j 1, a major allergen of JCP, can modify the effector functions of eosinophils. Methods Eosinophils isolated from the peripheral blood of healthy donors were stimulated with either JCP or Cry j 1, and their adhesion to human intercellular adhesion molecule-1 was measured using eosinophil peroxidase assays. The generation of eosinophil superoxide anion (O2−) was measured based on the superoxide dismutase-inhibitable reduction of cytochrome C. Concentrations of eosinophil-derived neurotoxin in the cell media were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay as a marker of degranulation. Results Both JCP and Cry j 1 directly induced eosinophil adhesiveness, generation of O2−, and release of eosinophil-derived neurotoxin. Both anti-αM and anti-β2 integrin antibodies blocked all of these eosinophil functions induced by JCP and Cry j 1. Similarly, PAR-2 antagonists also partially suppressed all of these effector functions induced by JCP and Cry j 1. Conclusion JCP and Cry j 1 directly activate the functions of eosinophils, and both αMβ2 integrin and partly PAR-2 are contributed to this activation. Therefore, JCP-induced eosinophil activation may play a role in the aggravation of allergic airway diseases in nonsensitized patients as well as in JCP-sensitized patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachiko Miyauchi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan.,Allergy Center, Saitama Medical University Hospital, Saitama, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Nakagome
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan.,Allergy Center, Saitama Medical University Hospital, Saitama, Japan
| | - Toru Noguchi
- Allergy Center, Saitama Medical University Hospital, Saitama, Japan
| | | | - Yutaka Ueda
- Allergy Center, Saitama Medical University Hospital, Saitama, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Soma
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan.,Allergy Center, Saitama Medical University Hospital, Saitama, Japan
| | - Makoto Nagata
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan.,Allergy Center, Saitama Medical University Hospital, Saitama, Japan
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Lee SY, Wu ST, Liang YJ, Su MJ, Huang CW, Jao YH, Ku HC. Soluble Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Induces Fibroblast Activation Through Proteinase-Activated Receptor-2. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:552818. [PMID: 33117158 PMCID: PMC7561399 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.552818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibroblasts are the chief secretory cells of the extracellular matrix (ECM) responsible for basal deposition and degradation of the ECM under normal conditions. During stress, fibroblasts undergo continuous activation, which is defined as the differentiation of fibroblasts into myofibroblasts, a cell type with an elevated capacity for secreting ECM proteins. Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP4) is a ubiquitously expressed transmembrane glycoprotein and exerts effects that are both dependent and independent of its enzymatic activity. DPP4 has been demonstrated to define fibroblast populations in human skin biopsies of systemic sclerosis. Shedding of DPP4 from different tissues into the circulation appears to be involved in the pathogenesis of the diseases. The mechanism underlying soluble DPP4–induced dermal fibrosis has not been clearly determined. The effects of DPP4 on murine 3T3 fibroblasts and human dermal fibroblasts were evaluated by measuring the expression of fibrotic proteins, such as α-SMA and collagen. Soluble DPP4 stimulated the activation of fibroblasts in a dose-dependent manner by activating nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) and suppressor of mothers against decapentaplegic (SMAD) signaling. Blocking proteinase-activated receptor-2 (PAR2) abrogated the DPP4-induced activation of NF-κB and SMAD and expression of fibrosis-associated proteins in fibroblasts. Linagliptin, a clinically available DPP4 inhibitor, was observed to abrogate the soluble DPP4–induced expression of fibrotic proteins. This study demonstrated the mechanism underlying soluble DPP4, which activated NF-κB and SMAD signaling through PAR2, leading to fibroblast activation. Our data extend the current view of soluble DPP4. Elevated levels of circulating soluble DPP4 may contribute to one of the mediators that induce dermal fibrosis in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Yi Lee
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,MacKay Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Taitung MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taitung, Taiwan
| | - Shao-Tung Wu
- Department of Life Science, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Yao-Jen Liang
- Department of Life Science, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Jai Su
- College of Medicine, Institute of Pharmacology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Wei Huang
- Department of Life Science, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hsuan Jao
- Department of Life Science, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Chun Ku
- Department of Life Science, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
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4
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Tomuschat C, O'Donnell AM, Coyle D, Puri P. Increased protease activated receptors in the colon of patients with Hirschsprung's disease. J Pediatr Surg 2020; 55:1488-1494. [PMID: 31859043 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2019.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The pathophysiology of Hirschsprung's associated enterocolitis (HAEC) is not understood. Abnormal intestinal motility and altered intestinal epithelial barrier function have been suggested to play a key role in the causation of HAEC. Protease-activated receptors (PARs) 1 and 2, have been implicated in inflammatory reactions, intestinal permeability and modulation of motility in the gut. METHODS We investigated PAR-1 and PAR-2 protein expression in aganglionic and ganglionic regions of patients with Hirschsprung's Disease (HSCR) (n = 10) versus normal control colon (n = 10). Protein distribution was assessed by using immunofluorescence and confocal microscopy. Gene and protein expression were quantified using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), western blot analysis, and densitometry. RESULTS qPCR and Western blot analysis revealed that PAR-1 and PAR-2 expression was significantly increased in ganglionic and aganglionic bowel in HSCR compared to controls (p < 0.003). Confocal microscopy revealed strong PAR-1 and PAR-2 expression in smooth muscles, interstitial cells of Cajal (ICCs), platelet-derived growth factor-alpha receptor-positive (PDGFRα+) cells, enteric neurons and epithelium in the ganglionic and aganglionic bowel compared to controls. CONCLUSION Increased PAR-1 and PAR-2 expression in the colon of patients with HSCR suggests that excessive local release of PAR activating proteases may trigger inflammatory responses leading to HAEC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Tomuschat
- National Children's Research Centre, Our Lady's Children's Hospital, Crumlin, Dublin, Ireland.
| | - Anne Marie O'Donnell
- National Children's Research Centre, Our Lady's Children's Hospital, Crumlin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - David Coyle
- National Children's Research Centre, Our Lady's Children's Hospital, Crumlin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Prem Puri
- National Children's Research Centre, Our Lady's Children's Hospital, Crumlin, Dublin, Ireland; School of Medicine and Medical Science and Conway Institute of Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Ireland
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Fan C, Wang J, Mao C, Li W, Liu K, Wang Z. The FGL2 prothrombinase contributes to the pathological process of experimental pulmonary hypertension. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2019; 127:1677-1687. [PMID: 31580221 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00396.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
In situ thrombus formation is one of the major pathological features of pulmonary hypertension (PH). The mechanism of in situ thrombosis has not been clearly identified. Fibrinogen-like protein 2 (FGL2) prothrombinase is an immune coagulant that can cleave prothrombin to thrombin, which then converts fibrinogen into fibrin. This mechanism triggers in situ thrombus formation directly, bypassing both the intrinsic and extrinsic coagulation pathways. FGL2 prothrombinase is mainly expressed in endothelial cells and mediates multiple pathological processes. This implies that it may also play a role in PH. In this study, we examined the expression of FGL2 in idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (IPAH) patients, and in monocrotaline-induced rat and hypoxia-induced mouse PH models. Fgl2−/− mice were used to evaluate the development of PH and explore associated pathological changes. These included in situ thrombosis, vascular remodeling, and endothelial apoptosis. Following these analyses, we examined possible signaling pathways downstream of FGL2 in PH. We show FGL2 is upregulated in pulmonary vascular endothelium in human IPAH and in two animal PH models. Genetic knockout of Fgl2 limited the development of PH, indicated by decreased in situ thrombus formation, less vascular remodeling, and reduced endothelial dysfunction. In addition, loss of FGL2 downregulated PAR1 (proteinase-activated receptor 1) expression and decreased the overactivation and consumption of platelets in hypoxia-induced PH. These results indicate FGL2 participate in the development of PH and loss of FGL2 could attenuate PH by reducing in situ thrombosis and suppressing PAR1 signaling. Thus we provide evidence that suggests FGL2 prothrombinase presents a potential therapeutic target for clinical treatment of PH. NEW & NOTEWORTHY This is the first study to demonstrate that fibrinogen-like protein 2 (FGL2) participates in the pathological progression of pulmonary hypertension (PH) in human idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension, a monocrotaline rat PH model, and a hypoxia mouse PH model. Genetic knockout of Fgl2 significantly limited the development of PH indicated by reduced in situ thrombosis, vascular remodeling, and endothelial dysfunction, and suppressed PAR1 (proteinase-activated receptor 1) signaling and overactivation of platelets on PH. These results suggest FGL2 presents a potential therapeutic target for clinical treatment of PH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Fan
- Department of Geriatrics, Institute of Geriatrics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jue Wang
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chaoqin Mao
- Department of Rehabilitation, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wenzhu Li
- Department of Geriatrics, Institute of Geriatrics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Kun Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhaohui Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, Institute of Geriatrics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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6
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Evasovic JM, Singer CA. Regulation of IL-17A and implications for TGF-β1 comodulation of airway smooth muscle remodeling in severe asthma. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2019; 316:L843-L868. [PMID: 30810068 PMCID: PMC6589583 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00416.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe asthma develops as a result of heightened, persistent symptoms that generally coincide with pronounced neutrophilic airway inflammation. In individuals with severe asthma, symptoms are poorly controlled by high-dose inhaled glucocorticoids and often lead to elevated morbidity and mortality rates that underscore the necessity for novel drug target identification that overcomes limitations in disease management. Many incidences of severe asthma are mechanistically associated with T helper 17 (TH17) cell-derived cytokines and immune factors that mediate neutrophilic influx to the airways. TH17-secreted interleukin-17A (IL-17A) is an independent risk factor for severe asthma that impacts airway smooth muscle (ASM) remodeling. TH17-derived cytokines and diverse immune mediators further interact with structural cells of the airway to induce pathophysiological processes that impact ASM functionality. Transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) is a pivotal mediator involved in airway remodeling that correlates with enhanced TH17 activity in individuals with severe asthma and is essential to TH17 differentiation and IL-17A production. IL-17A can also reciprocally enhance activation of TGF-β1 signaling pathways, whereas combined TH1/TH17 or TH2/TH17 immune responses may additively impact asthma severity. This review seeks to provide a comprehensive summary of cytokine-driven T cell fate determination and TH17-mediated airway inflammation. It will further review the evidence demonstrating the extent to which IL-17A interacts with various immune factors, specifically TGF-β1, to contribute to ASM remodeling and altered function in TH17-driven endotypes of severe asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jon M Evasovic
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Nevada , Reno, Nevada
| | - Cherie A Singer
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Nevada , Reno, Nevada
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7
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Ueda Y, Nakagome K, Kobayashi T, Noguchi T, Soma T, Ohashi-Doi K, Tokuyama K, Nagata M. Dermatophagoides farinae Upregulates the Effector Functions of Eosinophils through αMβ2-Integrin and Protease-Activated Receptor-2. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2019; 178:295-306. [PMID: 30630188 DOI: 10.1159/000495008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Even in subjects who are not sensitized to house dust mite (HDM), allergic symptoms can be aggravated by exposure to dust, suggesting that innate immune responses may be involved in these processes. Since eosinophils express pattern recognition receptors, HDM may directly upregulate eosinophil functions through these re ceptors. The objective of this study was to examine whether Dermatophagoides farinae (Df), a representative HDM, or Der f 1, a major allergen of Df, modifies the effector functions of eosinophils. METHODS Eosinophils isolated from the blood of healthy donors or allergic patients were stimulated with Df extract or Der f 1, and their adhesion to recombinant human intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1 was measured using eosinophil peroxidase assays. Generation of the eosinophil superoxide anion (O2-) was examined based on the superoxide dismutase-inhibitable reduction of cytochrome C. Eosinophil-derived neurotoxin (EDN) concentrations in cell media were measured by ELISA as a marker of degranulation. RESULTS Df extract or Der f 1 directly induced eosinophil adhesion to ICAM-1, O2- generation, and EDN release. Anti-αM- or anti-β2-integrin antibodies or protease-activated receptor (PAR)-2 antagonists suppressed the eosinophil adhesion, O2- generation, and EDN release induced by Df extract or Der f 1. Eosinophils from allergic patients showed higher adhesion to ICAM-1 than those from healthy donors. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggested that Df extract and Der f 1 directly activate eosinophil functions through αMβ2-integrin and PAR-2. Eosinophil activation by HDM may play roles in the aggravation of allergic symptoms, not only in HDM-sensitized patients, but also in nonsensitized patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutaka Ueda
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan.,Department of Pediatrics, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan.,Allergy Center, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Nakagome
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan, .,Allergy Center, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan,
| | - Takehito Kobayashi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan.,Allergy Center, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Toru Noguchi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan.,Allergy Center, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Soma
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan.,Allergy Center, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | | | - Kenichi Tokuyama
- Department of Pediatrics, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan.,Allergy Center, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Makoto Nagata
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan.,Allergy Center, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
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Menou A, Duitman J, Flajolet P, Sallenave JM, Mailleux AA, Crestani B. Human airway trypsin-like protease, a serine protease involved in respiratory diseases. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2017; 312:L657-L668. [DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00509.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2016] [Revised: 02/15/2017] [Accepted: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
More than 2% of all human genes are coding for a complex system of more than 700 proteases and protease inhibitors. Among them, serine proteases play extraordinary, diverse functions in different physiological and pathological processes. The human airway trypsin-like protease (HAT), also referred to as TMPRSS11D and serine 11D, belongs to the emerging family of cell surface proteolytic enzymes, the type II transmembrane serine proteases (TTSPs). Through the cleavage of its four major identified substrates, HAT triggers specific responses, notably in epithelial cells, within the pericellular and extracellular environment, including notably inflammatory cytokine production, inflammatory cell recruitment, or anticoagulant processes. This review summarizes the potential role of this recently described protease in mediating cell surface proteolytic events, to highlight the structural features, proteolytic activity, and regulation, including the expression profile of HAT, and discuss its possible roles in respiratory physiology and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Awen Menou
- Inserm UMR1152, Medical School Xavier Bichat, Paris, France
- Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Département Hospitalo-Universitaire FIRE (Fibrosis, Inflammation and Remodeling) and LabEx Inflamex, Paris, France; and
| | - JanWillem Duitman
- Inserm UMR1152, Medical School Xavier Bichat, Paris, France
- Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Département Hospitalo-Universitaire FIRE (Fibrosis, Inflammation and Remodeling) and LabEx Inflamex, Paris, France; and
| | - Pauline Flajolet
- Inserm UMR1152, Medical School Xavier Bichat, Paris, France
- Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Département Hospitalo-Universitaire FIRE (Fibrosis, Inflammation and Remodeling) and LabEx Inflamex, Paris, France; and
| | - Jean-Michel Sallenave
- Inserm UMR1152, Medical School Xavier Bichat, Paris, France
- Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Département Hospitalo-Universitaire FIRE (Fibrosis, Inflammation and Remodeling) and LabEx Inflamex, Paris, France; and
| | - Arnaud André Mailleux
- Inserm UMR1152, Medical School Xavier Bichat, Paris, France
- Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Département Hospitalo-Universitaire FIRE (Fibrosis, Inflammation and Remodeling) and LabEx Inflamex, Paris, France; and
| | - Bruno Crestani
- Inserm UMR1152, Medical School Xavier Bichat, Paris, France
- Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Département Hospitalo-Universitaire FIRE (Fibrosis, Inflammation and Remodeling) and LabEx Inflamex, Paris, France; and
- APHP, Hôpital Bichat, Service de Pneumologie A, Paris, France
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9
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Shimizu S, Tojima I, Takezawa K, Matsumoto K, Kouzaki H, Shimizu T. Thrombin and activated coagulation factor X stimulate the release of cytokines and fibronectin from nasal polyp fibroblasts via protease-activated receptors. Am J Rhinol Allergy 2017; 31:13-18. [PMID: 28234145 DOI: 10.2500/ajra.2017.31.4400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nasal epithelial cells and infiltrating eosinophils express tissue factor, and high thrombin activity and excess fibrin deposition are found in nasal secretion and in nasal polyp from patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyp (CRSwNP). Activated coagulation factors play important roles not only in thrombosis but also in inflammation through interaction with protease-activated receptors (PAR). However, little is known about the effects of activated coagulation factors on the release of cytokines and extracellular matrix from nasal polyp fibroblasts (NPF). PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to analyze the expression of PARs, which are receptors for activated coagulation factors, on NPFs and to determine the roles of thrombin and activated coagulation factor X (FXa) in the release of cytokines and fibronectin from NPFs. METHODS NPFs were obtained from patients with CRSwNP, and the messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein expression of PARs in these NPFs were examined. We then investigated whether thrombin or FXa stimulates the release of transforming growth factor (TGF) beta 1, fibronectin, eotaxin-1, interleukin (IL) 6, or IL-8 from cultured NPFs. The effects of PAR agonists on the release of cytokines and fibronectin were also examined. RESULTS NPFs expressed the mRNA and proteins of all four PARs: PAR-1, PAR-2, PAR-3, and PAR-4. Both thrombin and FXa significantly stimulated the release of TGF beta 1, fibronectin, eotaxin-1, IL-6, and IL-8 from cultured NPFs. PAR-1 and PAR-2 agonists stimulated the secretion of TGF beta 1, fibronectin, eotaxin-1, IL-6, and IL-8. PAR-3 agonist stimulated the release of TGF beta 1, fibronectin, and eotaxin-1. PAR-4 agonist did not induce the release of these molecules. CONCLUSION NPFs play important roles in the pathophysiology of CRSwNP such as in nasal polyp formation and inflammatory cell infiltration by releasing cytokines and extracellular matrix proteins. Activated coagulation factors, thrombin and FXa, stimulate the release of these cytokines and fibronectin from NPFs via PARs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shino Shimizu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Shiga, Japan
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10
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Cai XR, Yu J, Zhou QC, Du B, Feng YZ, Liu XL. Use of intravoxel incoherent motion MRI to assess renal fibrosis in a rat model of unilateral ureteral obstruction. J Magn Reson Imaging 2016; 44:698-706. [PMID: 26841951 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.25172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2015] [Accepted: 01/19/2016] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Xiang-Ran Cai
- Medical Imaging Center, First Affiliated Hospital; Jinan University; Guangzhou Guangdong China
| | - Juan Yu
- Department of Medical Imaging, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital; Shenzhen University; Shenzhen Guangdong China
| | - Qing-Chun Zhou
- Department of Urology, Nanhua Affiliated Hospital; Nanhua University; Hengyang Hunan China
| | - Bin Du
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital; Jinan University; Guangzhou Guangdong China
| | - You-Zhen Feng
- Medical Imaging Center, First Affiliated Hospital; Jinan University; Guangzhou Guangdong China
| | - Xiao-ling Liu
- Medical Imaging Center, First Affiliated Hospital; Jinan University; Guangzhou Guangdong China
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11
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Xu Y, Li Z, Jiang P, Wu G, Chen K, Zhang X, Li X. The co-expression of MMP-9 and Tenascin-C is significantly associated with the progression and prognosis of pancreatic cancer. Diagn Pathol 2015; 10:211. [PMID: 26652622 PMCID: PMC4676101 DOI: 10.1186/s13000-015-0445-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2015] [Accepted: 11/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and Tenascin-C (TN-C) have been shown to be involved in the metastasis of many tumors. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between the co-expression of these two molecules and the clinical prognosis of pancreatic cancer. METHODS We investigated the expression of TN-C and MMP-9 in 103 pancreatic cancer tissues by immunohistochemistry and used statistical analyses to investigate the correlations of individual expression or co-expression of these two molecules with clinicopathological parameters and survival of pancreatic cancer. RESULTS The expression of MMP-9 and TN-C were increased in pancreatic cancer. The co-expression of MMP-9 and TN-C was also detected. The expression of MMP-9 and TN-C were correlated with vascular invasion, lymph node invasion, liver metastases and TNM stage. The co-expression of MMP-9 and TN-C was significantly related to the pancreatic cancer metastases. The individual overexpression of MMP-9 or TN-C significantly decreased the overall survival rates. The co-expression of MMP-9 and TN-C had the lowest overall survival rates. The co-expression of MMP-9 and TN-C was an independent predictor of survival for pancreatic cancer patients. CONCLUSIONS Co-expression of MMP-9 and TN-C was associated with poorer prognosis and was found to be an independent predictor of survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingqiang Xu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery Institute, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Zhonghu Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery Institute, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Peng Jiang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery Institute, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Guo Wu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery Institute, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Kai Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery Institute, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Xi Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery Institute, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Xiaowu Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery Institute, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China. .,, No.30 Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, China.
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