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Chen JF, Wang J, Chai J, Jin W, Ren QL, Ma Q, Lu QX, Sun JJ, Mo DL, Zhang JQ, Xing BS. Transcriptome profiling of longissimus dorsi during different prenatal stages to identify genes involved in intramuscular fat deposition in lean and obese pig breeds. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:386. [PMID: 38441676 PMCID: PMC10914898 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-09088-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There was significant difference in muscle development between fat-type and lean-type pig breeds. METHODS AND RESULTS In current study, transcriptome analysis and bioinformatics analysis were used to compare the difference in longissimus dorsi (LD) muscle at three time-points (38 days post coitus (dpc), 58 dpc, and 78 dpc ) between Huainan (HN) and Large white (LW) pig breeds. A total of 24500 transcripts were obtained in 18 samples, and 2319, 2799, and 3713 differently expressed genes (DEGs) were identified between these two breeds at 38 dpc, 58 dpc, and 78 dpc, respectively. And the number and foldchange of DEGs were increased, the alternative splice also increased. The cluster analysis of DEGs indicated the embryonic development progress of LD muscle between these two breeds was different. There were 539 shared DEGs between HN and LW at three stages, and the top-shared DEGs were associated with muscle development and lipid deposition, such as KLF4, NR4A1, HSP70, ZBTB16 and so on. CONCLUSIONS The results showed DEGs between Huainan (HN) and Large white (LW) pig breeds, and contributed to the understanding the muscle development difference between HN and LW, and provided basic materials for improvement of meat quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Feng Chen
- Henan Key Laboratory of Farm Animal Breeding and Nutritional Regulation, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Huayuan Road No.116, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Farm Animal Breeding and Nutritional Regulation, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Huayuan Road No.116, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan, China
| | - Jin Chai
- Agricultural Ministry Key Laboratory of Swine Breeding and Genetics & Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Wei Jin
- Henan Key Laboratory of Farm Animal Breeding and Nutritional Regulation, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Huayuan Road No.116, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan, China
| | - Qiao Ling Ren
- Henan Key Laboratory of Farm Animal Breeding and Nutritional Regulation, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Huayuan Road No.116, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan, China
| | - Qiang Ma
- Henan Key Laboratory of Farm Animal Breeding and Nutritional Regulation, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Huayuan Road No.116, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan, China
| | - Qing Xia Lu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Farm Animal Breeding and Nutritional Regulation, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Huayuan Road No.116, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan, China
| | - Jia Jie Sun
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - De Lin Mo
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jia Qing Zhang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Farm Animal Breeding and Nutritional Regulation, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Huayuan Road No.116, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan, China
| | - Bao Song Xing
- Henan Key Laboratory of Farm Animal Breeding and Nutritional Regulation, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Huayuan Road No.116, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan, China.
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Banerjee A, Singla DK. MSC exosomes attenuate sterile inflammation and necroptosis associated with TAK1-pJNK-NFKB mediated cardiomyopathy in diabetic ApoE KO mice. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1348043. [PMID: 38390337 PMCID: PMC10881775 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1348043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Diabetes is a debilitating disease that leads to complications like cardiac dysfunction and heart failure. In this study, we investigated the pathophysiology of diabetes-induced cardiac dysfunction in mice with dyslipidemia. We hypothesize diabetes in ApoE knockout (ApoE-/-) mice induces cardiac dysfunction by increasing inflammation and necroptosis. Methods ApoE-/- mice were divided into experimental groups: Control, Streptozotocin (STZ), STZ + MSC-Exo (mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes), and STZ+MEF-Exo (Mouse embryonic fibroblast derived exosomes). At Day 42, we assessed cardiac function, collected blood and heart tissues. Heart tissue samples were analyzed for inflammation, necroptosis, signaling mechanism, hypertrophy and adverse structural remodeling using histology, immunohistochemistry, western blotting, RT-PCR, cytokine array and TF array. Results and Discussion STZ treated ApoE-/- mice developed diabetes, with significantly (p<0.05) increased blood glucose and body weight loss. These mice developed cardiac dysfunction with significantly (p<0.05) increased left ventricular internal diameter end diastole and end systole, and decreased ejection fraction, and fractional shortening. We found significant (p<0.05) increased expression of inflammatory cytokines TNF- a, IL-6, IL-1a, IL-33 and decreased IL-10 expression. Diabetic mice also exhibited significantly (p<0.05) increased necroptosis marker expression and infiltration of inflammatory monocytes and macrophages. MSC-Exos treated mice showed recovery of diabetes associated pathologies with significantly reduced blood glucose, recovered body weight, increased IL-10 secretion and M2 polarized macrophages in the heart. These mice showed reduced TAK1-pJNK-NFKB inflammation associated expression and improved cardiac function with significantly reduced cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis compared to diabetic mice. Treatment with MEF-Exos did not play a significant role in attenuating diabetes-induced cardiomyopathy as these treatment mice presented with cardiac dysfunction and underlying pathologies observed in STZ mice. Conclusion Thus, we conclude that cardiac dysfunction develops in diabetic ApoE-/- mice, arising from inflammation, necroptosis, and adverse tissue remodeling, which is ameliorated by MSC-Exos, a potential therapeutic for diabetes-induced cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dinender K. Singla
- Division of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Sciences, Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, United States
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Bizjak DA, Nussbaumer D, Winkert K, Treff G, Takabajashi K, Mentz L, Schober F, Buhl JL, John L, Dreyhaupt J, Steeb L, Harps LC, Parr MK, Diel P, Zügel M, Steinacker JM. Acute Effects of Single Versus Combined Inhaled β2-Agonists Salbutamol and Formoterol on Time Trial Performance, Lung Function, Metabolic and Endocrine Variables. SPORTS MEDICINE - OPEN 2023; 9:79. [PMID: 37640958 PMCID: PMC10462601 DOI: 10.1186/s40798-023-00630-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND High prevalence rates of β2-agonist use among athletes in competitive sports makes it tempting to speculate that illegitimate use of β2-agonists boosts performance. However, data regarding the potential performance-enhancing effects of inhaled β2-agonists and its underlying molecular basis are scarce. METHODS In total, 24 competitive endurance athletes (12f/12m) participated in a clinical double-blinded balanced four-way block cross-over trial to investigate single versus combined effects of β2-agonists salbutamol (SAL) and formoterol (FOR), to evaluate the potential performance enhancement of SAL (1200 µg, Cyclocaps, Pb Pharma GmbH), FOR (36 µg, Sandoz, HEXAL AG) and SAL + FOR (1200 µg + 36 µg) compared to placebo (PLA, Gelatine capsules containing lactose monohydrate, Pharmacy of the University Hospital Ulm). Measurements included skeletal muscle gene and protein expression, endocrine regulation, urinary/serum β2-agonist concentrations, cardiac markers, cardiopulmonary and lung function testing and the 10-min time trial (TT) performance on a bicycle ergometer as outcome variables. Blood and urine samples were collected pre-, post-, 3 h post- and 24 h post-TT. RESULTS Mean power output during TT was not different between study arms. Treatment effects regarding lung function (p < 0.001), echocardiographic (left ventricular end-systolic volume p = 0.037; endocardial global longitudinal strain p < 0.001) and metabolic variables (e.g. NR4A2 and ATF3 pathway) were observed without any influence on performance. In female athletes, total serum β2-agonist concentrations for SAL and FOR were higher. Microarray muscle gene analysis showed a treatment effect for target genes in energy metabolism with strongest effect by SAL + FOR (NR4A2; p = 0.001). Of endocrine variables, follicle-stimulating hormone (3 h Post-Post-TT), luteinizing hormone (3 h Post-Pre-TT) and insulin (Post-Pre-TT) concentrations showed a treatment effect (all p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS No endurance performance-enhancing effect for SAL, FOR or SAL + FOR within the permitted dosages compared to PLA was found despite an acute effect on lung and cardiac function as well as endocrine and metabolic variables in healthy participants. The impact of combined β2-agonists on performance and sex-specific thresholds on the molecular and cardiac level and their potential long-term performance enhancing or health effects have still to be determined. TRIAL REGISTRATION Registered at Eudra CT with the number: 2015-005598-19 (09.12.2015) and DRKS with number DRKS00010574 (16.11.2021, retrospectively registered).
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel A Bizjak
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Sports and Rehabilitation Medicine, University Hospital Ulm, 89075, Ulm, Germany.
| | - Dorle Nussbaumer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Sports and Rehabilitation Medicine, University Hospital Ulm, 89075, Ulm, Germany
| | - Kay Winkert
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Sports and Rehabilitation Medicine, University Hospital Ulm, 89075, Ulm, Germany
| | - Gunnar Treff
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Sports and Rehabilitation Medicine, University Hospital Ulm, 89075, Ulm, Germany
- Institute of Sports Medicine, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, 5020, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Kensuke Takabajashi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Sports and Rehabilitation Medicine, University Hospital Ulm, 89075, Ulm, Germany
| | - Lennart Mentz
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Sports and Rehabilitation Medicine, University Hospital Ulm, 89075, Ulm, Germany
| | - Franziska Schober
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Sports and Rehabilitation Medicine, University Hospital Ulm, 89075, Ulm, Germany
| | - Jasmine-Lèonike Buhl
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Sports and Rehabilitation Medicine, University Hospital Ulm, 89075, Ulm, Germany
| | - Lucas John
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Sports and Rehabilitation Medicine, University Hospital Ulm, 89075, Ulm, Germany
| | - Jens Dreyhaupt
- Institute of Epidemiology and Medical Biometry, Ulm University, 89075, Ulm, Germany
| | - Luise Steeb
- Institute of Epidemiology and Medical Biometry, Ulm University, 89075, Ulm, Germany
| | - Lukas C Harps
- Pharmaceutical Analysis and Metabolism, Institute of Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Maria K Parr
- Pharmaceutical Analysis and Metabolism, Institute of Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Patrick Diel
- Institute of Cardiovascular Research and Sports Medicine, Molecular and Cellular Sports Medicine, German Sport University Cologne, 50933, Cologne, Germany
| | - Martina Zügel
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Sports and Rehabilitation Medicine, University Hospital Ulm, 89075, Ulm, Germany
| | - Jürgen M Steinacker
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Sports and Rehabilitation Medicine, University Hospital Ulm, 89075, Ulm, Germany
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Paez HG, Ferrandi PJ, Pitzer CR, Mohamed JS, Alway SE. Loss of NOR-1 represses muscle metabolism through mTORC1-mediated signaling and mitochondrial gene expression in C2C12 myotubes. FASEB J 2023; 37:e23050. [PMID: 37389860 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202202029r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
Gene expression of the NR4A nuclear orphan receptor NOR-1 is reduced in obesity and in human skeletal muscle during disuse. It has been well established that NOR-1 is highly responsive to both aerobic and resistance exercise and NOR-1 overexpression is coincident with a plethora of metabolic benefits. However, it is unclear whether loss of NOR-1 contributes to inappropriate metabolic signaling in skeletal muscle that could lead to insulin resistance. The purpose of this study was to elucidate the impact of NOR-1 deficiency on C2C12 metabolic signaling. Changes in gene expression after siRNA-mediated NOR-1 knockdown in C2C12 myotubes were determined by qPCR and bioinformatic analysis of RNA-Seq data. Our RNA-Seq data identified several metabolic targets regulated by NOR-1 and implicates NOR-1 as a modulator of mTORC1 signaling via Akt-independent mechanisms. Furthermore, pathway analysis revealed NOR-1 knockdown perturbs the insulin resistance and insulin sensitivity pathways. Taken together, these data suggest skeletal muscle NOR-1 deficiency may contribute to altered metabolic signaling that is consistent with metabolic disease. We postulate that strategies that improve NOR-1 may be important to offset the negative impact that inactivity, obesity, and type 2 diabetes have on mitochondria and muscle metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hector G Paez
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
- Integrated Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, College of Graduate Health Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
- Laboratory of Muscle Biology and Sarcopenia, Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Professions, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
- Division of Regenerative and Rehabilitation Sciences, Center for Muscle, Metabolism and Neuropathology, College of Health Professions, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Peter J Ferrandi
- Integrated Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, College of Graduate Health Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
- Division of Regenerative and Rehabilitation Sciences, Center for Muscle, Metabolism and Neuropathology, College of Health Professions, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
- Laboratory of Muscle and Nerve, Department of Diagnostic and Health Sciences, College of Health Professions, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Christopher R Pitzer
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
- Integrated Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, College of Graduate Health Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
- Laboratory of Muscle Biology and Sarcopenia, Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Professions, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
- Division of Regenerative and Rehabilitation Sciences, Center for Muscle, Metabolism and Neuropathology, College of Health Professions, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Junaith S Mohamed
- Integrated Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, College of Graduate Health Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
- Division of Regenerative and Rehabilitation Sciences, Center for Muscle, Metabolism and Neuropathology, College of Health Professions, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
- Laboratory of Muscle and Nerve, Department of Diagnostic and Health Sciences, College of Health Professions, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Stephen E Alway
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
- Integrated Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, College of Graduate Health Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
- Laboratory of Muscle Biology and Sarcopenia, Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Professions, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
- Division of Regenerative and Rehabilitation Sciences, Center for Muscle, Metabolism and Neuropathology, College of Health Professions, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
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Yu Z, Xu X, Ai N, Wang K, Zhang P, Li X, LiuFu S, Liu X, Jiang J, Gu J, Gao N, Ma H. Integrated analysis of circRNA, lncRNA, miRNA and mRNA to reveal the ceRNA regulatory network of postnatal skeletal muscle development in Ningxiang pig. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1185823. [PMID: 37465009 PMCID: PMC10350537 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1185823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The development of skeletal muscle is regulated by regulatory factors of genes and non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs). Methods: The objective of this study was to understand the transformation of muscle fiber type in the longissimus dorsi muscle of male Ningxiang pigs at four different growth stages (30, 90, 150, and 210 days after birth, n = 3) by histological analysis and whole transcriptome sequencing. Additionally, the study investigated the expression patterns of various RNAs involved in muscle fiber transformation and constructed a regulatory network for competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) that includes circular RNA (circRNA)/long non-coding RNA (lncRNA)-microRNA (miRNA)-messenger RNA (mRNA). Results: Histomorphology analysis showed that the diameter of muscle fiber reached its maximum at 150 days after birth. The slow muscle fiber transformation showed a pattern of initial decrease followed by an increase. 29,963 circRNAs, 2,683 lncRNAs, 986 miRNAs and 22,411 mRNAs with expression level ≥0 were identified by whole transcriptome sequencing. Furthermore, 642 differentially expressed circRNAs (DEc), 505 differentially expressed lncRNAs (DEl), 316 differentially expressed miRNAs (DEmi) and 6,090 differentially expressed mRNAs (DEm) were identified by differential expression analysis. Functions of differentially expressed mRNA were identified by gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG). GO enrichment analysis indicates that 40 known genes and 6 new genes are associated with skeletal muscle development. Additionally, KEGG analysis shows that these genes regulate skeletal muscle development via MAPK, FoxO, Hedgehog, PI3K-Akt, Notch, VEGF and other signaling pathways. Through protein-protein interaction (PPI) and transcription factor prediction (TFP), the action mode of skeletal muscle-related genes was explored. PPI analysis showed that there were stable interactions among 19 proteins, meanwhile, TFP analysis predicted 22 transcription factors such as HMG20B, MYF6, MYOD1 and MYOG, and 12 of the 19 interacting proteins were transcription factors. The regulatory network of ceRNA related to skeletal muscle development was constructed based on the correlation of various RNA expression levels and the targeted binding characteristics with miRNA. The regulatory network included 31 DEms, 59 miRNAs, 667 circRNAs and 224 lncRNAs. conclusion: Overall, the study revealed the role of ceRNA regulatory network in the transformation of skeletal muscle fiber types in Ningxiang pigs, which contributes to the understanding of ceRNA regulatory network in Ningxiang pigs during the skeletal muscle development period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zonggang Yu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Xueli Xu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Nini Ai
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Kaiming Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Peiwen Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Xintong Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Sui LiuFu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaolin Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Jun Jiang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Jingjing Gu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Ning Gao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Haiming Ma
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
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Shi Z, Huo Y, Hou J, Zhang R, Wu J, Wang W, Yu J, Wang H, Liu Y, Song G, Chen Z, Chen Z. Proteomic analysis of skeletal muscle in Chinese hamsters with type 2 diabetes mellitus reveals that OPLAH downregulation affects insulin resistance and impaired glucose uptake. Free Radic Biol Med 2022; 193:23-33. [PMID: 36195162 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.09.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a metabolic disease controlled by a combination of genetic and environmental factors. The Chinese hamster, as a novel animal model of spontaneous T2DM with high phenotypic similarity to human disease, is of great value in identifying potential therapeutic targets for T2DM. Here, we used tandem mass tag (TMT) quantitative proteomics based on liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry to assess the skeletal muscles of a Chinese hamster diabetes model. We identified 38 differentially abundant proteins, of which 14 were upregulated and 24 were downregulated. Further analysis of the differentially abundant proteins revealed that five of them (OPLAH, GST, EPHX1, SIRT5, ALDH1L1) were associated with oxidative stress; these were validated at the protein and mRNA levels, and the results were consistent with the proteomic analysis results. In addition, we evaluated the role of OPLAH in the pathogenesis of T2DM in human skeletal muscle cells (HSKMCs) by silencing it. The knockdown of OPLAH caused an increase in reactive oxygen species content, decreased the GSH content, inhibited the PI3K/Akt/GLUT4 signaling pathway, and reduced glucose uptake. We propose that OPLAH downregulation plays a role in insulin resistance and glucose uptake disorders in HSKMCs possibly via oxidative stress, making it a new therapeutic target for T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeya Shi
- Laboratory Animal Center, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Experimental Animal Science and Animal Model of Human Disease, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China
| | - Yitong Huo
- Laboratory Animal Center, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Experimental Animal Science and Animal Model of Human Disease, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China
| | - Jianan Hou
- Laboratory Animal Center, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Experimental Animal Science and Animal Model of Human Disease, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China
| | - Ruihu Zhang
- Laboratory Animal Center, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Experimental Animal Science and Animal Model of Human Disease, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China
| | - Jianqin Wu
- Laboratory Animal Center, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Experimental Animal Science and Animal Model of Human Disease, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China
| | - Wentao Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Cardiovascular Disease Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China
| | - Jingjing Yu
- Experimental Animal Platform in Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Hailong Wang
- School of Basic Medicine, Basic Medical Science Center, Shanxi Medical University, Jinzhong, 030600, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China
| | - Guohua Song
- Laboratory Animal Center, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Experimental Animal Science and Animal Model of Human Disease, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China.
| | - Zhenwen Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis Research, School of Basic Medical Science, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100629, China.
| | - Zhaoyang Chen
- Laboratory Animal Center, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Experimental Animal Science and Animal Model of Human Disease, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China.
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Mazo CE, Miranda ER, Shadiow J, Vesia M, Haus JM. High Intensity Acute Aerobic Exercise Elicits Alterations in Circulating and Skeletal Muscle Tissue Expression of Neuroprotective Exerkines. Brain Plast 2022; 8:5-18. [DOI: 10.3233/bpl-220137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Cathepsin B (CTSB) and brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) are increased with aerobic exercise (AE) and skeletal muscle has been identified as a potential source of secretion. However, the intensity of AE and the potential for skeletal muscle contributions to circulating CTSB and BDNF have not been fully studied in humans. Objective: Determine the effects of AE intensity on circulating and skeletal muscle CTSB and BDNF expression profiles. Methods: Young healthy subjects (n = 16) completed treadmill-based AE consisting of VO2max and calorie-matched acute AE sessions at 40%, 65% and 80% VO2max. Fasting serum was obtained before and 30-minutes after each bout of exercise. Skeletal muscle biopsies (vastus lateralis) were taken before, 30-minutes and 3-hours after the 80% bout. Circulating CTSB and BDNF were assayed in serum. CTSB protein, BDNF protein and mRNA expression were measured in skeletal muscle tissue. Results: Serum CTSB increased by 20±7% (p = 0.02) and 30±18% (p = 0.04) after 80% and VO2max AE bouts, respectively. Serum BDNF showed a small non-significant increase (6±3%; p = 0.09) after VO2max. In skeletal muscle tissue, proCTSB increased 3 h-post AE (87±26%; p < 0.01) with no change in CTSB gene expression. Mature BDNF protein decreased (31±35%; p = 0.03) while mRNA expression increased (131±41%; p < 0.01) 3 h-post AE. Skeletal muscle fiber typing revealed that type IIa and IIx fibers display greater BDNF expression compared to type I (p = 0.02 and p < 0.01, respectively). Conclusions: High intensity AE elicits greater increases in circulating CTSB compared with lower intensities. Skeletal muscle protein and gene expression corroborate the potential role of skeletal muscle in generating and releasing neuroprotective exerkines into the circulation. NEW AND NOTEWORTHY: 1) CTSB is enriched in the circulation in an aerobic exercise intensity dependent manner. 2) Skeletal muscle tissue expresses both message and protein of CTSB and BDNF. 3) BDNF is highly expressed in glycolytic skeletal muscle fibers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corey E. Mazo
- School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Edwin R. Miranda
- School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - James Shadiow
- School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Michael Vesia
- School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Jacob M. Haus
- School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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Bizjak DA, Zügel M, Treff G, Winkert K, Jerg A, Hudemann J, Mooren FC, Krüger K, Nieß A, Steinacker JM. Effects of Training Status and Exercise Mode on Global Gene Expression in Skeletal Muscle. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222212578. [PMID: 34830458 PMCID: PMC8674764 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222212578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate differences in skeletal muscle gene expression of highly trained endurance and strength athletes in comparison to untrained individuals at rest and in response to either an acute bout of endurance or strength exercise. Endurance (ET, n = 8, VO2max 67 ± 9 mL/kg/min) and strength athletes (ST, n = 8, 5.8 ± 3.0 training years) as well as untrained controls (E-UT and S-UT, each n = 8) performed an acute endurance or strength exercise test. One day before testing (Pre), 30 min (30'Post) and 3 h (180'Post) afterwards, a skeletal muscle biopsy was obtained from the m. vastus lateralis. Skeletal muscle mRNA was isolated and analyzed by Affymetrix-microarray technology. Pathway analyses were performed to evaluate the effects of training status (trained vs. untrained) and exercise mode-specific (ET vs. ST) transcriptional responses. Differences in global skeletal muscle gene expression between trained and untrained were smaller compared to differences in exercise mode. Maximum differences between ET and ST were found between Pre and 180'Post. Pathway analyses showed increased expression of exercise-related genes, such as nuclear transcription factors (NR4A family), metabolism and vascularization (PGC1-α and VEGF-A), and muscle growth/structure (myostatin, IRS1/2 and HIF1-α. The most upregulated genes in response to acute endurance or strength exercise were the NR4A genes (NR4A1, NR4A2, NR4A3). The mode of acute exercise had a significant effect on transcriptional regulation Pre vs. 180'Post. In contrast, the effect of training status on human skeletal muscle gene expression profiles was negligible compared to strength or endurance specialization. The highest variability in gene expression, especially for the NR4A-family, was observed in trained individuals at 180'Post. Assessment of these receptors might be suitable to obtain a deeper understanding of skeletal muscle adaptive processes to develop optimized training strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel A. Bizjak
- Division of Sports and Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine II, University of Ulm, 89075 Ulm, Germany; (M.Z.); (G.T.); (K.W.); (A.J.); (J.M.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-73150045368; Fax: +49-73150045301
| | - Martina Zügel
- Division of Sports and Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine II, University of Ulm, 89075 Ulm, Germany; (M.Z.); (G.T.); (K.W.); (A.J.); (J.M.S.)
| | - Gunnar Treff
- Division of Sports and Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine II, University of Ulm, 89075 Ulm, Germany; (M.Z.); (G.T.); (K.W.); (A.J.); (J.M.S.)
| | - Kay Winkert
- Division of Sports and Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine II, University of Ulm, 89075 Ulm, Germany; (M.Z.); (G.T.); (K.W.); (A.J.); (J.M.S.)
| | - Achim Jerg
- Division of Sports and Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine II, University of Ulm, 89075 Ulm, Germany; (M.Z.); (G.T.); (K.W.); (A.J.); (J.M.S.)
| | - Jens Hudemann
- Department of Sports Medicine, University Hospital Tübingen, 72074 Tübingen, Germany; (J.H.); (A.N.)
| | - Frank C. Mooren
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health, University of Witten/Herdecke, 58455 Witten, Germany;
| | - Karsten Krüger
- Department of Exercise Physiology and Sports Therapy, University of Gießen, 35394 Gießen, Germany;
| | - Andreas Nieß
- Department of Sports Medicine, University Hospital Tübingen, 72074 Tübingen, Germany; (J.H.); (A.N.)
| | - Jürgen M. Steinacker
- Division of Sports and Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine II, University of Ulm, 89075 Ulm, Germany; (M.Z.); (G.T.); (K.W.); (A.J.); (J.M.S.)
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9
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Lee JH, Zhang D, Kwak SE, Shin HE, Song W. Effects of Exercise and a High-Fat, High-Sucrose Restriction Diet on Metabolic Indicators, Nr4a3, and Mitochondria-Associated Protein Expression in the Gastrocnemius Muscles of Mice with Diet-Induced Obesity. J Obes Metab Syndr 2021; 30:44-54. [PMID: 33518534 PMCID: PMC8017331 DOI: 10.7570/jomes20043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Exercise and high fat, high sucrose restriction diets are well known treatments for obesity. The aim of this study was to measure the effects of those lifestyle interventions on molecular transducers of exercise, such as Nr4a3, mitochondria-associated proteins, and muscle function. Methods We conducted 8 weeks of treadmill exercise and sucrose or fat restriction diets in obese mice. The mice were divided into eight groups: the normal diet (CON) group, normal diet with exercise (CONEX) group, high fat, high sucrose diet (HFHS) group, HFHS with exercise (HFHSEX) group, sucrose restriction (SR) group, SR with exercise (SREX) group, high fat, high sucrose restriction (ND) group, and ND with exercise (NDEX) group. Results The 8 weeks of exercise reduced body weight, improved lipid profiles (total cholesterol, triglycerides), and increased hanging time. The combination of exercise and a fat and sucrose restriction diet improved glucose tolerance and increased grip strength. The 8 weeks of intervention did not significantly affect the Nr4a3 protein level. The sucrose and fat restriction diet increased the phosphorylated protein kinase B (pAkt)/Akt ratio, and its level was lower in the HFHS group. Exercise increased the protein expression level of PGC-1α in obese conditions. Moreover, SR led reduced the phosphorylated AMP-activated protein kinase (pAMPK)/AMPK ratio and PGC-1α to the control level. Conclusion The 8 weeks of exercise or a sucrose and fat restriction diet improved metabolic indicators and muscle function. SR reduced pAMPK/AMPK and PGC-1α to the control level. Nr4a3 protein expression was not significantly changed by either exercise or a fat and sucrose restriction diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Heun Lee
- Institute of Sports Science, Department of Physical Education, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Didi Zhang
- Institute of Sports Science, Department of Physical Education, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seong-Eun Kwak
- Institute of Sports Science, Department of Physical Education, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyung-Eun Shin
- Institute of Sports Science, Department of Physical Education, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Wook Song
- Institute of Sports Science, Department of Physical Education, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.,Institute on Aging, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
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10
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Mey JT, Matuska B, Peterson L, Wyszynski P, Koo M, Sharp J, Pennington E, McCarroll S, Micklewright S, Zhang P, Aronica M, Hoddy KK, Champagne CM, Heymsfield SB, Comhair SAA, Kirwan JP, Erzurum SC, Mulya A. Resting Energy Expenditure Is Elevated in Asthma. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13041065. [PMID: 33805960 PMCID: PMC8064324 DOI: 10.3390/nu13041065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Asthma physiology affects respiratory function and inflammation, factors that may contribute to elevated resting energy expenditure (REE) and altered body composition. Objective: We hypothesized that asthma would present with elevated REE compared to weight-matched healthy controls. Methods: Adults with asthma (n = 41) and healthy controls (n = 20) underwent indirect calorimetry to measure REE, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) to measure body composition, and 3-day diet records. Clinical assessments included spirometry, fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FENO), and a complete blood count. Results: Asthmatics had greater REE than controls amounting to an increase of ~100 kcals/day, even though body mass index (BMI) and body composition were similar between groups. Inclusion of asthma status and FENO in validated REE prediction equations led to improved estimates. Further, asthmatics had higher white blood cell (control vs. asthma (mean ± SD): 4.7 ± 1.1 vs. 5.9 ± 1.6, p < 0.01) and neutrophil (2.8 ± 0.9 vs. 3.6 ± 1.4, p = 0.02) counts that correlated with REE (both p < 0.01). Interestingly, despite higher REE, asthmatics reported consuming fewer calories (25.1 ± 7.5 vs. 20.3 ± 6.0 kcals/kg/day, p < 0.01) and carbohydrates than controls. Conclusion: REE is elevated in adults with mild asthma, suggesting there is an association between REE and the pathophysiology of asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob T. Mey
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70808, USA; (J.T.M.); (K.K.H.); (C.M.C.); (S.B.H.); (J.P.K.)
- Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; (B.M.); (L.P.); (P.W.); (M.K.); (J.S.); (M.A.); (S.A.A.C.); (S.C.E.)
| | - Brittany Matuska
- Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; (B.M.); (L.P.); (P.W.); (M.K.); (J.S.); (M.A.); (S.A.A.C.); (S.C.E.)
| | - Laura Peterson
- Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; (B.M.); (L.P.); (P.W.); (M.K.); (J.S.); (M.A.); (S.A.A.C.); (S.C.E.)
| | - Patrick Wyszynski
- Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; (B.M.); (L.P.); (P.W.); (M.K.); (J.S.); (M.A.); (S.A.A.C.); (S.C.E.)
| | - Michelle Koo
- Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; (B.M.); (L.P.); (P.W.); (M.K.); (J.S.); (M.A.); (S.A.A.C.); (S.C.E.)
| | - Jacqueline Sharp
- Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; (B.M.); (L.P.); (P.W.); (M.K.); (J.S.); (M.A.); (S.A.A.C.); (S.C.E.)
| | - Emily Pennington
- Respiratory Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; (E.P.); (S.M.); (S.M.); (P.Z.)
| | - Stephanie McCarroll
- Respiratory Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; (E.P.); (S.M.); (S.M.); (P.Z.)
| | - Sarah Micklewright
- Respiratory Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; (E.P.); (S.M.); (S.M.); (P.Z.)
| | - Peng Zhang
- Respiratory Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; (E.P.); (S.M.); (S.M.); (P.Z.)
| | - Mark Aronica
- Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; (B.M.); (L.P.); (P.W.); (M.K.); (J.S.); (M.A.); (S.A.A.C.); (S.C.E.)
- Respiratory Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; (E.P.); (S.M.); (S.M.); (P.Z.)
| | - Kristin K. Hoddy
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70808, USA; (J.T.M.); (K.K.H.); (C.M.C.); (S.B.H.); (J.P.K.)
| | - Catherine M. Champagne
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70808, USA; (J.T.M.); (K.K.H.); (C.M.C.); (S.B.H.); (J.P.K.)
| | - Steven B. Heymsfield
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70808, USA; (J.T.M.); (K.K.H.); (C.M.C.); (S.B.H.); (J.P.K.)
| | - Suzy A. A. Comhair
- Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; (B.M.); (L.P.); (P.W.); (M.K.); (J.S.); (M.A.); (S.A.A.C.); (S.C.E.)
| | - John P. Kirwan
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70808, USA; (J.T.M.); (K.K.H.); (C.M.C.); (S.B.H.); (J.P.K.)
- Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; (B.M.); (L.P.); (P.W.); (M.K.); (J.S.); (M.A.); (S.A.A.C.); (S.C.E.)
| | - Serpil C. Erzurum
- Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; (B.M.); (L.P.); (P.W.); (M.K.); (J.S.); (M.A.); (S.A.A.C.); (S.C.E.)
- Respiratory Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; (E.P.); (S.M.); (S.M.); (P.Z.)
| | - Anny Mulya
- Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; (B.M.); (L.P.); (P.W.); (M.K.); (J.S.); (M.A.); (S.A.A.C.); (S.C.E.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-(216)-445-6625; Fax: +1-(216)-636-0104
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11
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Mey JT, Erickson ML, Axelrod CL, King WT, Flask CA, McCullough AJ, Kirwan JP. β-Hydroxybutyrate is reduced in humans with obesity-related NAFLD and displays a dose-dependent effect on skeletal muscle mitochondrial respiration in vitro. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2020; 319:E187-E195. [PMID: 32396388 PMCID: PMC7468782 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00058.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is characterized by hepatic fat accumulation and impaired insulin sensitivity. Reduced hepatic ketogenesis may promote these pathologies, but data are inconclusive in humans and the link between NAFLD and reduced insulin sensitivity remains obscure. We investigated individuals with obesity-related NAFLD and hypothesized that β-hydroxybutyrate (βOHB; the predominant ketone species) would be reduced and related to hepatic fat accumulation and insulin sensitivity. Furthermore, we hypothesized that ketones would impact skeletal muscle mitochondrial respiration in vitro. Hepatic fat was assessed by 1H-MRS in 22 participants in a parallel design, case control study [Control: n = 7, age 50 ± 6 yr, body mass index (BMI) 30 ± 1 kg/m2; NAFLD: n = 15, age 57 ± 3 yr, BMI 35 ± 1 kg/m2]. Plasma assessments were conducted in the fasted state. Whole body insulin sensitivity was determined by the gold-standard hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp. The effect of ketone dose (0.5-5.0 mM) on mitochondrial respiration was conducted in human skeletal muscle cell culture. Fasting βOHB, a surrogate measure of hepatic ketogenesis, was reduced in NAFLD (-15.6%, P < 0.01) and correlated negatively with liver fat (r2 = 0.21, P = 0.03) and positively with insulin sensitivity (r2 = 0.30, P = 0.01). Skeletal muscle mitochondrial oxygen consumption increased with low-dose ketones, attributable to increases in basal respiration (135%, P < 0.05) and ATP-linked oxygen consumption (136%, P < 0.05). NAFLD pathophysiology includes impaired hepatic ketogenesis, which is associated with hepatic fat accumulation and impaired insulin sensitivity. This reduced capacity to produce ketones may be a potential link between NAFLD and NAFLD-associated reductions in whole body insulin sensitivity, whereby ketone concentrations impact skeletal muscle mitochondrial respiration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob T Mey
- Integrated Physiology and Molecular Medicine, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana
- Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Melissa L Erickson
- Integrated Physiology and Molecular Medicine, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana
- Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Christopher L Axelrod
- Integrated Physiology and Molecular Medicine, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana
- Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
- Translational Services, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana
| | - William T King
- Integrated Physiology and Molecular Medicine, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana
| | - Chris A Flask
- Radiology and Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio
| | | | - John P Kirwan
- Integrated Physiology and Molecular Medicine, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana
- Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
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12
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Mey JT, Solomon TPJ, Kirwan JP, Haus JM. Skeletal muscle Nur77 and NOR1 insulin responsiveness is blunted in obesity and type 2 diabetes but improved after exercise training. Physiol Rep 2019; 7:e14042. [PMID: 30912283 PMCID: PMC6434071 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.14042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Revised: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2DM) are characterized by a blunted metabolic response to insulin, and strongly manifests in skeletal muscle insulin resistance. The orphan nuclear receptors, Nur77 and NOR1, regulate insulin-stimulated nutrient metabolism where Nur77 and NOR1 gene expression is increased with acute aerobic exercise and acute insulin stimulation. Whether Nur77 or NOR1 are associated with the insulin-sensitizing effects of chronic aerobic exercise training has yet to be elucidated. Fourteen lean healthy controls (LHC), 12 obese (OB), and 10 T2DM individuals (T2DM) underwent hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamps with skeletal muscle biopsies. Muscle was analyzed for Nur77 and NOR1 gene and protein expression at basal and insulin-stimulated conditions. Furthermore, a subcohort of 18 participants (OB, n = 12; T2DM, n = 6) underwent a 12-week aerobic exercise intervention (85% HRmax , 60 min/day, 5 days/week). In response to insulin infusion, LHC increased protein expression of Nur77 (8.7 ± 3.2-fold) and NOR1 (3.6 ± 1.1-fold), whereas OB and T2DM remained unaffected. Clamp-derived glucose disposal rates correlated with Nur77 (r2 = 0.14) and NOR1 (r2 = 0.12) protein expression responses to insulin, whereas age (Nur77: r2 = 0.22; NOR1: r2 = 0.25) and BMI (Nur77: r2 = 0.22; NOR1: r2 = 0.42) showed inverse correlations, corroborating preclinical data. In the intervention cohort, exercise improved Nur77 protein expression in response to insulin (PRE: -1.2 ± 0.3%, POST: 6.2 ± 1.5%). Also, insulin treatment of primary human skeletal muscle cells increased Nur77 and NOR1 protein. These findings highlight the multifactorial nature of insulin resistance in human obesity and T2DM. Understanding the regulation of Nur77 and NOR1 in skeletal muscle and other insulin-sensitive tissues will create opportunities to advance therapies for T2DM.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Aged
- Case-Control Studies
- Cells, Cultured
- Chicago
- Cross-Sectional Studies
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/blood
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/diagnosis
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/physiopathology
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/therapy
- Exercise Therapy
- Female
- Humans
- Insulin Resistance
- Longitudinal Studies
- Male
- Membrane Transport Proteins/genetics
- Membrane Transport Proteins/metabolism
- Middle Aged
- Muscle, Skeletal/metabolism
- Muscle, Skeletal/physiopathology
- Myoblasts, Skeletal/metabolism
- Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 4, Group A, Member 1/genetics
- Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 4, Group A, Member 1/metabolism
- Obesity/blood
- Obesity/diagnosis
- Obesity/physiopathology
- Obesity/therapy
- Ohio
- Signal Transduction
- Time Factors
- Treatment Outcome
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob T. Mey
- Department of Kinesiology and NutritionUniversity of Illinois ChicagoChicagoIllinois
| | - Thomas P. J. Solomon
- School of Sport, Exercise, and Rehabilitation SciencesUniversity of BirminghamBirminghamUnited Kingdom
| | - John P. Kirwan
- Metabolic Translational Research CenterEndocrinology & Metabolism InstituteCleveland ClinicClevelandOhio
- Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine LaboratoryPennington Biomedical Research CenterBaton RougeLouisiana
| | - Jacob M. Haus
- Department of Kinesiology and NutritionUniversity of Illinois ChicagoChicagoIllinois
- School of KinesiologyUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMichigan
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