1
|
Ellsworth PN, Herring JA, Leifer AH, Ray JD, Elison WS, Poulson PD, Crabtree JE, Van Ry PM, Tessem JS. CEBPA Overexpression Enhances β-Cell Proliferation and Survival. Biology (Basel) 2024; 13:110. [PMID: 38392328 PMCID: PMC10887016 DOI: 10.3390/biology13020110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
A commonality between type 1 and type 2 diabetes is the decline in functional β-cell mass. The transcription factor Nkx6.1 regulates β-cell development and is integral for proper β-cell function. We have previously demonstrated that Nkx6.1 depends on c-Fos mediated upregulation and the nuclear hormone receptors Nr4a1 and Nr4a3 to increase β-cell insulin secretion, survival, and replication. Here, we demonstrate that Nkx6.1 overexpression results in upregulation of the bZip transcription factor CEBPA and that CEBPA expression is independent of c-Fos regulation. In turn, CEBPA overexpression is sufficient to enhance INS-1 832/13 β-cell and primary rat islet proliferation. CEBPA overexpression also increases the survival of β-cells treated with thapsigargin. We demonstrate that increased survival in response to ER stress corresponds with changes in expression of various genes involved in the unfolded protein response, including decreased Ire1a expression. These data show that CEBPA is sufficient to enhance functional β-cell mass by increasing β-cell proliferation and modulating the unfolded protein response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peter N Ellsworth
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food Science, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | - Jacob A Herring
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food Science, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | - Aaron H Leifer
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food Science, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | - Jason D Ray
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food Science, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | - Weston S Elison
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food Science, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | - Peter Daniel Poulson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | - Jacqueline E Crabtree
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food Science, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | - Pam M Van Ry
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | - Jeffery S Tessem
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food Science, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
He S, Jiang W, Jiang B, Yu C, Zhao G, Li Y, Qi L, Zhang J, Wang D. Potential Roles of Nr4a3-Mediated Inflammation in Immunological and Neurological Diseases. Mol Neurobiol 2024:10.1007/s12035-024-03945-8. [PMID: 38261254 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-03945-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
As a protein of the orphan nuclear receptor Nr4a family, Nr4a3 has no identified natural ligands. However, its biological activity can be mediated by inducing conformational changes through interactions with specific certain small molecules and receptors. Nr4a3 is activated as an early stress factor under various pathological conditions and plays a regulatory role in various tissues and cells, participating in processes such as cell differentiation, apoptosis, metabolism, and homeostasis. At present, research on the role of Nr4a3 in the pathophysiology of inflammation is considerably limited, especially with respect to its role in the central nervous system (CNS). In this review, we discuss the role of Nr4a3 in multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, retinopathy, Parkinson's disease, and other CNS diseases. This review shows that Nr4a3 has considerable potential as a therapeutic target in the treatment of CNS diseases. We provide a theoretical basis for the targeted therapy of CNS diseases and neuroinflammation, among other conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siqi He
- Department of Pathology, Beihua University, Jilin, Jilin, 132000, China
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South, Hengyang, 421200, Hunan, China
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, the Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Qingyuan, 511518, Guangdong, China
| | - Weijie Jiang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South, Hengyang, 421200, Hunan, China
| | - Baoyi Jiang
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, the Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Qingyuan, 511518, Guangdong, China
| | - Chunyan Yu
- Department of Pathology, Beihua University, Jilin, Jilin, 132000, China
| | - Guifang Zhao
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, the Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Qingyuan, 511518, Guangdong, China
| | - Yifei Li
- Department of Pathology, Beihua University, Jilin, Jilin, 132000, China
| | - Ling Qi
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, the Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Qingyuan, 511518, Guangdong, China.
| | - Jia Zhang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South, Hengyang, 421200, Hunan, China.
| | - Dan Wang
- Department of Pathology, Beihua University, Jilin, Jilin, 132000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Elliot TAE, Jennings EK, Lecky DAJ, Thawait N, Flores-Langarica A, Copland A, Maslowski KM, Wraith DC, Bending D. Antigen and checkpoint receptor engagement recalibrates T cell receptor signal strength. Immunity 2021; 54:2481-2496.e6. [PMID: 34534438 PMCID: PMC8585507 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2021.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
How T cell receptor (TCR) signal strength modulates T cell function and to what extent this is modified by immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) are key questions in immunology. Using Nr4a3-Tocky mice, we characterized early quantitative and qualitative changes that occur in CD4+ T cells in relation to TCR signaling strength. We captured how dose- and time-dependent programming of distinct co-inhibitory receptors rapidly recalibrates T cell activation thresholds and visualized the immediate effects of ICB on T cell re-activation. Our findings reveal that anti-PD1 immunotherapy leads to an increased TCR signal strength. We defined a strong TCR signal metric of five genes upregulated by anti-PD1 in T cells (TCR.strong), which was superior to a canonical T cell activation gene signature in stratifying melanoma patient outcomes to anti-PD1 therapy. Our study therefore reveals how analysis of TCR signal strength-and its manipulation-can provide powerful metrics for monitoring outcomes to immunotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas A E Elliot
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Emma K Jennings
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - David A J Lecky
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Natasha Thawait
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Adriana Flores-Langarica
- Infrastructure and Facilities, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Alastair Copland
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Kendle M Maslowski
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - David C Wraith
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - David Bending
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Lee JH, Zhang D, Kwak SE, Shin HE, Song W. Effects of Exercise and a High-Fat, High-Sucrose Restriction Diet on Metabolic Indicators, Nr4a3, and Mitochondria-Associated Protein Expression in the Gastrocnemius Muscles of Mice with Diet-Induced Obesity. J Obes Metab Syndr 2021; 30:44-54. [PMID: 33518534 PMCID: PMC8017331 DOI: 10.7570/jomes20043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Exercise and high fat, high sucrose restriction diets are well known treatments for obesity. The aim of this study was to measure the effects of those lifestyle interventions on molecular transducers of exercise, such as Nr4a3, mitochondria-associated proteins, and muscle function. Methods We conducted 8 weeks of treadmill exercise and sucrose or fat restriction diets in obese mice. The mice were divided into eight groups: the normal diet (CON) group, normal diet with exercise (CONEX) group, high fat, high sucrose diet (HFHS) group, HFHS with exercise (HFHSEX) group, sucrose restriction (SR) group, SR with exercise (SREX) group, high fat, high sucrose restriction (ND) group, and ND with exercise (NDEX) group. Results The 8 weeks of exercise reduced body weight, improved lipid profiles (total cholesterol, triglycerides), and increased hanging time. The combination of exercise and a fat and sucrose restriction diet improved glucose tolerance and increased grip strength. The 8 weeks of intervention did not significantly affect the Nr4a3 protein level. The sucrose and fat restriction diet increased the phosphorylated protein kinase B (pAkt)/Akt ratio, and its level was lower in the HFHS group. Exercise increased the protein expression level of PGC-1α in obese conditions. Moreover, SR led reduced the phosphorylated AMP-activated protein kinase (pAMPK)/AMPK ratio and PGC-1α to the control level. Conclusion The 8 weeks of exercise or a sucrose and fat restriction diet improved metabolic indicators and muscle function. SR reduced pAMPK/AMPK and PGC-1α to the control level. Nr4a3 protein expression was not significantly changed by either exercise or a fat and sucrose restriction diet.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Heun Lee
- Institute of Sports Science, Department of Physical Education, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Didi Zhang
- Institute of Sports Science, Department of Physical Education, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seong-Eun Kwak
- Institute of Sports Science, Department of Physical Education, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyung-Eun Shin
- Institute of Sports Science, Department of Physical Education, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Wook Song
- Institute of Sports Science, Department of Physical Education, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.,Institute on Aging, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Terashima R, Saigo T, Laoharatchatathanin T, Kurusu S, Brachvogel B, Pöschl E, Kawaminami M. Augmentation of Nr4a3 and Suppression of Fshb Expression in the Pituitary Gland of Female Annexin A5 Null Mouse. J Endocr Soc 2020; 4:bvaa096. [PMID: 32864544 PMCID: PMC7448937 DOI: 10.1210/jendso/bvaa096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
GnRH enhances the expression of annexin A5 (ANXA5) in pituitary gonadotropes, and ANXA5 enhances gonadotropin secretion. However, the impact of ANXA5 regulation on the expression of pituitary hormone genes remains unclear. Here, using quantitative PCR, we demonstrated that ANXA5 deficiency in female mice reduced the expression of Fshb and Gh in their pituitary glands. Transcriptome analysis confirmed a specific increase in Nr4a3 mRNA expression in addition to lower levels of Fshb expression in ANXA5-deficient female pituitary glands. This gene was then found to be a GnRH-inducible immediate early gene, and its increased expression caused protein to accumulate in the nucleus after administration of a GnRH agonist in LβT2 cells, which are an in vitro pituitary gonadotrope model. The increase in ANXA5 protein levels in LβT2 cells clearly suppressed Nr4a3 expression. siRNA-mediated inhibition of Nr4a3 expression increased Fshb expression. The results revealed that GnRH stimulates Nr4a3 and Anxa5 sequentially. NR4A3 suppression of Fshb may be necessary for later massive secretion of FSH by GnRH in gonadotropes, and Nr4a3 would be negatively regulated by ANXA5 to increase FSH secretion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ryota Terashima
- Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Kitasato University, Aomori, Japan
| | - Tomotaka Saigo
- Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Kitasato University, Aomori, Japan
| | - Titaree Laoharatchatathanin
- Clinic for Small Domestic Animals and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mahanakorn University of Technology, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Shiro Kurusu
- Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Kitasato University, Aomori, Japan
| | - Bent Brachvogel
- Experimental Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Center for Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Ernst Pöschl
- School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
| | - Mitsumori Kawaminami
- Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Kitasato University, Aomori, Japan.,Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Okayama University of Science, Imabari, Ehime, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Herring JA, Elison WS, Tessem JS. Function of Nr4a Orphan Nuclear Receptors in Proliferation, Apoptosis and Fuel Utilization Across Tissues. Cells 2019; 8:E1373. [PMID: 31683815 DOI: 10.3390/cells8111373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The Nr4a family of nuclear hormone receptors is composed of three members-Nr4a1/Nur77, Nr4a2/Nurr1 and Nr4a3/Nor1. While currently defined as ligandless, these transcription factors have been shown to regulate varied processes across a host of tissues. Of particular interest, the Nr4a family impinge, in a tissue dependent fashion, on cellular proliferation, apoptosis and fuel utilization. The regulation of these processes occurs through both nuclear and non-genomic pathways. The purpose of this review is to provide a balanced perspective of the tissue specific and Nr4a family member specific, effects on cellular proliferation, apoptosis and fuel utilization.
Collapse
|
7
|
Bending D, Ono M. From stability to dynamics: understanding molecular mechanisms of regulatory T cells through Foxp3 transcriptional dynamics. Clin Exp Immunol 2018; 197:14-23. [PMID: 30076771 PMCID: PMC6591142 DOI: 10.1111/cei.13194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies on regulatory T cells (Treg) have focused on thymic Treg as a stable lineage of immunosuppressive T cells, the differentiation of which is controlled by the transcription factor forkhead box protein 3 (Foxp3). This lineage perspective, however, may constrain hypotheses regarding the role of Foxp3 and Tregin vivo, particularly in clinical settings and immunotherapy development. In this review, we synthesize a new perspective on the role of Foxp3 as a dynamically expressed gene, and thereby revisit the molecular mechanisms for the transcriptional regulation of Foxp3. In particular, we introduce a recent advancement in the study of Foxp3‐mediated T cell regulation through the development of the Timer of cell kinetics and activity (Tocky) system, and show that the investigation of Foxp3 transcriptional dynamics can reveal temporal changes in the differentiation and function of Tregin vivo. We highlight the role of Foxp3 as a gene downstream of T cell receptor (TCR) signalling and show that temporally persistent TCR signals initiate Foxp3 transcription in self‐reactive thymocytes. In addition, we feature the autoregulatory transcriptional circuit for the Foxp3 gene as a mechanism for consolidating Treg differentiation and activating their suppressive functions. Furthermore, we explore the potential mechanisms behind the dynamic regulation of epigenetic modifications and chromatin architecture for Foxp3 transcription. Lastly, we discuss the clinical relevance of temporal changes in the differentiation and activation of Treg.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Bending
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, UK.,Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - M Ono
- Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Reynolds MS, Hancock CR, Ray JD, Kener KB, Draney C, Garland K, Hardman J, Bikman BT, Tessem JS. β-Cell deletion of Nr4a1 and Nr4a3 nuclear receptors impedes mitochondrial respiration and insulin secretion. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2016; 311:E186-201. [PMID: 27221116 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00022.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2016] [Accepted: 05/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
β-Cell insulin secretion is dependent on proper mitochondrial function. Various studies have clearly shown that the Nr4a family of orphan nuclear receptors is essential for fuel utilization and mitochondrial function in liver, muscle, and adipose. Previously, we have demonstrated that overexpression of Nr4a1 or Nr4a3 is sufficient to induce proliferation of pancreatic β-cells. In this study, we examined whether Nr4a expression impacts pancreatic β-cell mitochondrial function. Here, we show that β-cell mitochondrial respiration is dependent on the nuclear receptors Nr4a1 and Nr4a3. Mitochondrial respiration in permeabilized cells was significantly decreased in β-cells lacking Nr4a1 or Nr4a3. Furthermore, respiration rates of intact cells deficient for Nr4a1 or Nr4a3 in the presence of 16 mM glucose resulted in decreased glucose mediated oxygen consumption. Consistent with this reduction in respiration, a significant decrease in glucose-stimulated insulin secretion rates is observed with deletion of Nr4a1 or Nr4a3. Interestingly, the changes in respiration and insulin secretion occur without a reduction in mitochondrial content, suggesting decreased mitochondrial function. We establish that knockdown of Nr4a1 and Nr4a3 results in decreased expression of the mitochondrial dehydrogenase subunits Idh3g and Sdhb. We demonstrate that loss of Nr4a1 and Nr4a3 impedes production of ATP and ultimately inhibits glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. These data demonstrate for the first time that the orphan nuclear receptors Nr4a1 and Nr4a3 are critical for β-cell mitochondrial function and insulin secretion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Merrick S Reynolds
- Nutrition, Dietetics, and Food Science Department, College of Life Sciences, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah; and
| | - Chad R Hancock
- Nutrition, Dietetics, and Food Science Department, College of Life Sciences, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah; and
| | - Jason D Ray
- Nutrition, Dietetics, and Food Science Department, College of Life Sciences, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah; and
| | - Kyle B Kener
- Nutrition, Dietetics, and Food Science Department, College of Life Sciences, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah; and
| | - Carrie Draney
- Nutrition, Dietetics, and Food Science Department, College of Life Sciences, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah; and
| | - Kevin Garland
- Nutrition, Dietetics, and Food Science Department, College of Life Sciences, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah; and
| | - Jeremy Hardman
- Nutrition, Dietetics, and Food Science Department, College of Life Sciences, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah; and
| | - Benjamin T Bikman
- Physiology and Developmental Biology Department, College of Life Sciences, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah
| | - Jeffery S Tessem
- Nutrition, Dietetics, and Food Science Department, College of Life Sciences, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah; and
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Ray JD, Kener KB, Bitner BF, Wright BJ, Ballard MS, Barrett EJ, Hill JT, Moss LG, Tessem JS. Nkx6.1-mediated insulin secretion and β-cell proliferation is dependent on upregulation of c-Fos. FEBS Lett 2016; 590:1791-803. [PMID: 27164028 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.12208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2016] [Revised: 04/02/2016] [Accepted: 05/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the molecular pathways that enhance β-cell proliferation, survival, and insulin secretion may be useful to improve treatments for diabetes. Nkx6.1 induces proliferation through the Nr4a nuclear receptors, and improves insulin secretion and survival through the peptide hormone VGF. Here we demonstrate that Nkx6.1-mediated upregulation of Nr4a1, Nr4a3, and VGF is dependent on c-Fos expression. c-Fos overexpression results in activation of Nkx6.1 responsive genes and increases β-cell proliferation, insulin secretion, and cellular survival. c-Fos knockdown impedes Nkx6.1-mediated β-cell proliferation and insulin secretion. These data demonstrate that c-Fos is critical for Nkx6.1-mediated expansion of functional β-cell mass.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jason D Ray
- Nutrition, Dietetics and Food Science Department, College of Life Sciences, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA
| | - Kyle B Kener
- Nutrition, Dietetics and Food Science Department, College of Life Sciences, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA
| | - Benjamin F Bitner
- Nutrition, Dietetics and Food Science Department, College of Life Sciences, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA
| | - Brent J Wright
- Nutrition, Dietetics and Food Science Department, College of Life Sciences, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA
| | - Matthew S Ballard
- Nutrition, Dietetics and Food Science Department, College of Life Sciences, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA
| | - Emily J Barrett
- Nutrition, Dietetics and Food Science Department, College of Life Sciences, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA
| | - Jonathon T Hill
- Physiology and Developmental Biology Department, College of Life Sciences, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA
| | - Larry G Moss
- Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center and Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Departments of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology and Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Jeffery S Tessem
- Nutrition, Dietetics and Food Science Department, College of Life Sciences, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Meng L, Jin W, Wang Y, Huang H, Li J, Zhang C. RIP3-dependent necrosis induced inflammation exacerbates atherosclerosis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 473:497-502. [PMID: 26995086 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.03.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2016] [Accepted: 03/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Atherothrombotic vascular disease is already the leading cause of mortality worldwide. Atherosclerosis shares features with diseases caused by chronic inflammation. More attention should concentrates on the innate immunity effect atherosclerosis progress. RIP3 (receptor-interacting protein kinase 3) act through the transcription factor named Nr4a3 (Nuclear orphan receptors) to regulate cytokine production. Deletion RIP3 decreases IL-1α production. Injection of anti-IL-1α antibody protects against the progress of atherosclerosis in ApoE -/- mice. RIP3 as a molecular switch in necrosis, controls macrophage necrotic death caused inflammation. Inhibiting necrosis will certainly reduce atherosclerosis through limit inflammation. Necrotic cell death caused systemic inflammation exacerbated cardiovascular disease. Inhibition of necrosis may yield novel therapeutic targets for treatment in years to come.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lingjun Meng
- College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, China; National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing 102206, China.
| | - Wei Jin
- Institute for Immunology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yuhui Wang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Huanwei Huang
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Jia Li
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Cai Zhang
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing 102206, China
| |
Collapse
|