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He Z, Xie L, Liu J, Wei X, Zhang W, Mei Z. Novel insight into the role of A-kinase anchoring proteins (AKAPs) in ischemic stroke and therapeutic potentials. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 175:116715. [PMID: 38739993 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke, a devastating disease associated with high mortality and disability worldwide, has emerged as an urgent public health issue. A-kinase anchoring proteins (AKAPs) are a group of signal-organizing molecules that compartmentalize and anchor a wide range of receptors and effector proteins and have a major role in stabilizing mitochondrial function and promoting neurodevelopmental development in the central nervous system (CNS). Growing evidence suggests that dysregulation of AKAPs expression and activity is closely associated with oxidative stress, ion disorder, mitochondrial dysfunction, and blood-brain barrier (BBB) impairment in ischemic stroke. However, the underlying mechanisms remain inadequately understood. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the composition and structure of A-kinase anchoring protein (AKAP) family members, emphasizing their physiological functions in the CNS. We explored in depth the molecular and cellular mechanisms of AKAP complexes in the pathological progression and risk factors of ischemic stroke, including hypertension, hyperglycemia, lipid metabolism disorders, and atrial fibrillation. Herein, we highlight the potential of AKAP complexes as a pharmacological target against ischemic stroke in the hope of inspiring translational research and innovative clinical approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyu He
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, College of Integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410208, China
| | - Letian Xie
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, College of Integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410208, China
| | - Jiyong Liu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Diagnostics, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410208, China
| | - Xuan Wei
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, College of Integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410208, China
| | - Wenli Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410208, China.
| | - Zhigang Mei
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, College of Integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410208, China; Third-Grade Pharmacological Laboratory on Chinese Medicine Approved by State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei 443002, China.
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Sherpa RT, Moshal KS, Agarwal SR, Ostrom RS, Harvey RD. Role of protein kinase A and A kinase anchoring proteins in buffering and compartmentation of cAMP signalling in human airway smooth muscle cells. Br J Pharmacol 2024. [PMID: 38613158 DOI: 10.1111/bph.16357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE In human airway smooth muscle (hASM) cells, not all receptors stimulating cAMP production elicit the same effects. This can only be explained if cAMP movement throughout the cell is restricted, yet the mechanisms involved are not fully understood. Phosphodiesterases (PDEs) contribute to compartmentation of many cAMP responses, but PDE activity alone is predicted to be insufficient if cAMP is otherwise freely diffusible. We tested the hypothesis that buffering of cAMP by protein kinase A (PKA) associated with A kinase anchoring proteins (AKAPs) slows cAMP diffusion and that this contributes to receptor-mediated, compartmentalized responses. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Raster image correlation spectroscopy (RICS) was used to measure intracellular cAMP diffusion coefficients and evaluate the contribution of PKA-AKAP interactions. Western blotting and immunocytochemistry were used to identify the AKAPs involved. RNA interference was used to down-regulate AKAP expression and determine its effects on cAMP diffusion. Compartmentalized cAMP responses were measured using fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) based biosensors. KEY RESULTS Cyclic AMP movement was significantly slower than that of free-diffusion in hASM cells, and disrupting PKA-AKAP interactions significantly increased the diffusion coefficient. PKA associated with the outer mitochondrial membrane appears to play a prominent role in this effect. Consistent with this idea, knocking down expression of D-AKAP2, the primary mitochondrial AKAP, increased cAMP diffusion and disrupted compartmentation of receptor-mediated responses. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS Our results confirm that AKAP-anchored PKA contributes to the buffering of cAMP and is consequential in the compartmentation of cAMP responses in hASM cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rinzhin T Sherpa
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Nevada, Reno School of Medicine, Reno, Nevada, USA
| | - Karni S Moshal
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Nevada, Reno School of Medicine, Reno, Nevada, USA
| | - Shailesh R Agarwal
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Nevada, Reno School of Medicine, Reno, Nevada, USA
| | - Rennolds S Ostrom
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chapman University School of Pharmacy, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Robert D Harvey
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Nevada, Reno School of Medicine, Reno, Nevada, USA
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Mitochondrial a Kinase Anchor Proteins in Cardiovascular Health and Disease: A Review Article on Behalf of the Working Group on Cellular and Molecular Biology of the Heart of the Italian Society of Cardiology. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23147691. [PMID: 35887048 PMCID: PMC9322728 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23147691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Second messenger cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) has been found to regulate multiple mitochondrial functions, including respiration, dynamics, reactive oxygen species production, cell survival and death through the activation of cAMP-dependent protein kinase A (PKA) and other effectors. Several members of the large family of A kinase anchor proteins (AKAPs) have been previously shown to locally amplify cAMP/PKA signaling to mitochondria, promoting the assembly of signalosomes, regulating multiple cardiac functions under both physiological and pathological conditions. In this review, we will discuss roles and regulation of major mitochondria-targeted AKAPs, along with opportunities and challenges to modulate their functions for translational purposes in the cardiovascular system.
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Zhao X, Xu H, Li X, Li Y, Lv S, Liu Y, Guo C, Sun Z, Li Y. Myocardial toxicity induced by silica nanoparticles in a transcriptome profile. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:6094-6108. [PMID: 35388865 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr00582d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The deleterious effects of silica nanoparticles (SiNPs) on human health and the ecological system have gradually gained attention owing to their heavy annual output and extensive global flux. The updated epidemiological or experimental investigations have demonstrated the potential myocardial toxicity triggered by SiNPs, but the underlying mechanisms and long-lasting cardiac effects are still poorly understood. Here, a rat model of sub-chronic respiratory exposure to SiNPs was conducted, and the histopathological analysis and ultrastructural investigation of heart tissues were carried out. More importantly, a comprehensive analysis of whole-genome transcription was utilized in rat heart to uncover key biological and cellular mechanisms triggered by SiNPs. The widening of myocardial space and partial fiber rupture were clearly manifested in rat heart after prolonged SiNPs exposure, particularly accompanied by mitochondrial swelling and cristae rupture. With the aid of Affymetrix GeneChips, 3153 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified after SiNPs exposure, including 1916 down- and 1237 up-regulated genes. GO and KEGG analysis illustrated many important biological processes and pathways perturbed by SiNPs, mainly specializing in cellular stress, energy metabolism, actin filament dynamics and immune response. Signal-net analysis revealed that Prkaca (PKA) plays a core role in the cardiac toxification process of prolonged exposure of SiNPs to rats. Furthermore, qRT-PCR verified that PKA-mediated calcium signaling is probably responsible for SiNPs-induced cardiac injury. Conclusively, our study revealed that SiNPs caused myocardial injury, and particularly, provided transcriptomic insight into the role of PKA-calcium signaling triggered by SiNPs, which would facilitate SiNPs-based nanosafety assessment and biomedicine development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinying Zhao
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China.
| | - Hailin Xu
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China.
| | - Xueyan Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China.
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Yan Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China.
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Songqing Lv
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China.
| | - Yufan Liu
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China.
| | - Caixia Guo
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China.
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Zhiwei Sun
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China.
| | - Yanbo Li
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China.
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Agarwal SR, Sherpa RT, Moshal KS, Harvey RD. Compartmentalized cAMP signaling in cardiac ventricular myocytes. Cell Signal 2022; 89:110172. [PMID: 34687901 PMCID: PMC8602782 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2021.110172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Activation of different receptors that act by generating the common second messenger cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) can elicit distinct functional responses in cardiac myocytes. Selectively sequestering cAMP activity to discrete intracellular microdomains is considered essential for generating receptor-specific responses. The processes that control this aspect of compartmentalized cAMP signaling, however, are not completely clear. Over the years, technological innovations have provided critical breakthroughs in advancing our understanding of the mechanisms underlying cAMP compartmentation. Some of the factors identified include localized production of cAMP by differential distribution of receptors, localized breakdown of this second messenger by targeted distribution of phosphodiesterase enzymes, and limited diffusion of cAMP by protein kinase A (PKA)-dependent buffering or physically restricted barriers. The aim of this review is to provide a discussion of our current knowledge and highlight some of the gaps that still exist in the field of cAMP compartmentation in cardiac myocytes.
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