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Smith MR, Naeli P, Jafarnejad SM, Costa G. The scaffolding protein AKAP12 regulates mRNA localization and translation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2320609121. [PMID: 38652739 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2320609121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Regulation of subcellular messenger (m)RNA localization is a fundamental biological mechanism, which adds a spatial dimension to the diverse layers of post-transcriptional control of gene expression. The cellular compartment in which mRNAs are located may define distinct aspects of the encoded proteins, ranging from production rate and complex formation to localized activity. Despite the detailed roles of localized mRNAs that have emerged over the past decades, the identity of factors anchoring mRNAs to subcellular domains remains ill-defined. Here, we used an unbiased method to profile the RNA-bound proteome in migrating endothelial cells (ECs) and discovered that the plasma membrane (PM)-associated scaffolding protein A-kinase anchor protein (AKAP)12 interacts with various mRNAs, including transcripts encoding kinases with Actin remodeling activity. In particular, AKAP12 targets a transcript coding for the kinase Abelson Tyrosine-Protein Kinase 2 (ABL2), which we found to be necessary for adequate filopodia formation and angiogenic sprouting. Moreover, we demonstrate that AKAP12 is necessary for anchoring ABL2 mRNA to the PM and show that in the absence of AKAP12, the translation efficiency of ABL2 mRNA is reduced. Altogether, our work identified a unique post-transcriptional function for AKAP12 and sheds light into mechanisms of spatial control of gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madeleine R Smith
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University, Belfast BT9 7BL, United Kingdom
| | - Parisa Naeli
- The Patrick G Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, Queen's University, Belfast BT9 7BL, United Kingdom
| | - Seyed M Jafarnejad
- The Patrick G Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, Queen's University, Belfast BT9 7BL, United Kingdom
| | - Guilherme Costa
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University, Belfast BT9 7BL, United Kingdom
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Qasim H, Rajaei M, Xu Y, Reyes-Alcaraz A, Abdelnasser HY, Stewart MD, Lahiri SK, Wehrens XHT, McConnell BK. AKAP12 Upregulation Associates With PDE8A to Accelerate Cardiac Dysfunction. Circ Res 2024; 134:1006-1022. [PMID: 38506047 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.123.323655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In heart failure, signaling downstream the β2-adrenergic receptor is critical. Sympathetic stimulation of β2-adrenergic receptor alters cAMP (cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate) and triggers PKA (protein kinase A)-dependent phosphorylation of proteins that regulate cardiac function. cAMP levels are regulated in part by PDEs (phosphodiesterases). Several AKAPs (A kinase anchoring proteins) regulate cardiac function and are proposed as targets for precise pharmacology. AKAP12 is expressed in the heart and has been reported to directly bind β2-adrenergic receptor, PKA, and PDE4D. However, its roles in cardiac function are unclear. METHODS cAMP accumulation in real time downstream of the β2-adrenergic receptor was detected for 60 minutes in live cells using the luciferase-based biosensor (GloSensor) in AC16 human-derived cardiomyocyte cell lines overexpressing AKAP12 versus controls. Cardiomyocyte intracellular calcium and contractility were studied in adult primary cardiomyocytes from male and female mice overexpressing cardiac AKAP12 (AKAP12OX) and wild-type littermates post acute treatment with 100-nM isoproterenol (ISO). Systolic cardiac function was assessed in mice after 14 days of subcutaneous ISO administration (60 mg/kg per day). AKAP12 gene and protein expression levels were evaluated in left ventricular samples from patients with end-stage heart failure. RESULTS AKAP12 upregulation significantly reduced total intracellular cAMP levels in AC16 cells through PDE8. Adult primary cardiomyocytes from AKAP12OX mice had significantly reduced contractility and impaired calcium handling in response to ISO, which was reversed in the presence of the selective PDE8 inhibitor (PF-04957325). AKAP12OX mice had deteriorated systolic cardiac function and enlarged left ventricles. Patients with end-stage heart failure had upregulated gene and protein levels of AKAP12. CONCLUSIONS AKAP12 upregulation in cardiac tissue is associated with accelerated cardiac dysfunction through the AKAP12-PDE8 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanan Qasim
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy (H.Q., M.R., Y.X., A.R.-A., H.Y.A., B.K.M.), University of Houston, TX
| | - Mehrdad Rajaei
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy (H.Q., M.R., Y.X., A.R.-A., H.Y.A., B.K.M.), University of Houston, TX
| | - Ying Xu
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy (H.Q., M.R., Y.X., A.R.-A., H.Y.A., B.K.M.), University of Houston, TX
| | - Arfaxad Reyes-Alcaraz
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy (H.Q., M.R., Y.X., A.R.-A., H.Y.A., B.K.M.), University of Houston, TX
| | - Hala Y Abdelnasser
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy (H.Q., M.R., Y.X., A.R.-A., H.Y.A., B.K.M.), University of Houston, TX
| | - M David Stewart
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry (M.D.S.), University of Houston, TX
| | - Satadru K Lahiri
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Departments of Integrative Physiology, Medicine, Neuroscience, Pediatrics, and Center for Space Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (S.K.L., X.H.T.W.)
| | - Xander H T Wehrens
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Departments of Integrative Physiology, Medicine, Neuroscience, Pediatrics, and Center for Space Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (S.K.L., X.H.T.W.)
| | - Bradley K McConnell
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy (H.Q., M.R., Y.X., A.R.-A., H.Y.A., B.K.M.), University of Houston, TX
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Liang Z, Dai C, He F, Wang Y, Huang Y, Li H, Wu Y, Hu Y, Xu K. AKAP3-mediated type I PKA signaling is required for mouse sperm hyperactivation and fertility†. Biol Reprod 2024; 110:684-697. [PMID: 38145487 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioad180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The protein kinase A (PKA) signaling pathway, which mediates protein phosphorylation, is important for sperm motility and male fertility. This process relies on A-kinase anchoring proteins that organize PKA and its signalosomes within specific subcellular compartments. Previously, it was found that the absence of A-kinase anchoring protein 3 (AKAP3) leads to multiple morphological abnormalities in mouse sperm. But how AKAP3 regulates sperm motility is yet to be elucidated. AKAP3 has two amphipathic domains, here named dual and RI, in its N-terminus. These domains are responsible for binding regulatory subunits I alpha (RIα) and II alpha (RIIα) of PKA and for RIα only, respectively. Here, we generated mutant mice lacking the dual and RI domains of AKAP3. It was found that the deletion of these domains caused male mouse infertile, accompanied by mild defects in the fibrous sheath of sperm tails. Additionally, the levels of serine/threonine phosphorylation of PKA substrates and tyrosine phosphorylation decreased in the mutant sperm, which exhibited a defect in hyperactivation under capacitation conditions. The protein levels of PKA subunits remained unchanged. But, interestingly, the regulatory subunit RIα was mis-localized from principal piece to midpiece of sperm tail, whereas this was not observed for RIIα. Further protein-protein interaction assays revealed a preference for AKAP3 to bind RIα over RIIα. Collectively, our findings suggest that AKAP3 is important for sperm hyperactivity by regulating type-I PKA signaling pathway mediated protein phosphorylation via its dual and RI domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongkun Liang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, SunYat-Sen Memorial Hospital of SunYat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Chaowei Dai
- Department of Neurology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Fenfen He
- Department of Neurology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Prenatal Diagnostic Center of Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Yihua Huang
- Department of Neurology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Heying Li
- Analysis and Testing Center, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510535, China
| | - Yongming Wu
- Department of Neurology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Yafang Hu
- Department of Neurology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Kaibiao Xu
- Department of Neurology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
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Kang M, Otani Y, Guo Y, Yan J, Goult BT, Howe AK. The focal adhesion protein talin is a mechanically gated A-kinase anchoring protein. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2314947121. [PMID: 38513099 PMCID: PMC10990152 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2314947121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Protein kinase A (PKA) is a ubiquitous, promiscuous kinase whose activity is specified through subcellular localization mediated by A-kinase anchoring proteins (AKAPs). PKA has complex roles as both an effector and a regulator of integrin-mediated cell adhesion to extracellular matrix (ECM). Recent observations demonstrate that PKA is an active component of focal adhesions (FA), suggesting the existence of one or more FA AKAPs. Using a promiscuous biotin ligase fused to PKA type-IIα regulatory (RIIα) subunits and subcellular fractionation, we identify the archetypal FA protein talin1 as an AKAP. Talin is a large, mechanosensitive scaffold that directly links integrins to actin filaments and promotes FA assembly by recruiting additional components in a force-dependent manner. The rod region of talin1 consists of 62 α-helices bundled into 13 rod domains, R1 to R13. Direct binding assays and NMR spectroscopy identify helix41 in the R9 subdomain of talin as the PKA binding site. PKA binding to helix41 requires unfolding of the R9 domain, which requires the linker region between R9 and R10. Experiments with single molecules and in cells manipulated to alter actomyosin contractility demonstrate that the PKA-talin interaction is regulated by mechanical force across the talin molecule. Finally, talin mutations that disrupt PKA binding also decrease levels of total and phosphorylated PKA RII subunits as well as phosphorylation of VASP, a known PKA substrate, within FA. These observations identify a mechanically gated anchoring protein for PKA, a force-dependent binding partner for talin1, and a potential pathway for adhesion-associated mechanotransduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingu Kang
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Vermont Larner College of Medicine, Burlington, VT05405
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, University of Vermont Larner College of Medicine, Burlington, VT05405
- University of Vermont Cancer Center, Burlington, VT05405
| | - Yasumi Otani
- School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury, KentCT2 7NJ, United Kingdom
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Systems Biology, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, LiverpoolL69 7ZB, United Kingdom
| | - Yanyu Guo
- Department of Physics, Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore117542, Singapore
| | - Jie Yan
- Department of Physics, Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore117542, Singapore
| | - Benjamin T. Goult
- School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury, KentCT2 7NJ, United Kingdom
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Systems Biology, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, LiverpoolL69 7ZB, United Kingdom
| | - Alan K. Howe
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Vermont Larner College of Medicine, Burlington, VT05405
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, University of Vermont Larner College of Medicine, Burlington, VT05405
- University of Vermont Cancer Center, Burlington, VT05405
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5
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Simmons SC, Flerlage WJ, Langlois LD, Shepard RD, Bouslog C, Thomas EH, Gouty KM, Sanderson JL, Gouty S, Cox BM, Dell'Acqua ML, Nugent FS. AKAP150-anchored PKA regulates synaptic transmission and plasticity, neuronal excitability and CRF neuromodulation in the mouse lateral habenula. Commun Biol 2024; 7:345. [PMID: 38509283 PMCID: PMC10954712 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-06041-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
The scaffolding A-kinase anchoring protein 150 (AKAP150) is critically involved in kinase and phosphatase regulation of synaptic transmission/plasticity, and neuronal excitability. Emerging evidence also suggests that AKAP150 signaling may play a key role in brain's processing of rewarding/aversive experiences, however its role in the lateral habenula (LHb, as an important brain reward circuitry) is completely unknown. Using whole cell patch clamp recordings in LHb of male wildtype and ΔPKA knockin mice (with deficiency in AKAP-anchoring of PKA), here we show that the genetic disruption of PKA anchoring to AKAP150 significantly reduces AMPA receptor-mediated glutamatergic transmission and prevents the induction of presynaptic endocannabinoid-mediated long-term depression in LHb neurons. Moreover, ΔPKA mutation potentiates GABAA receptor-mediated inhibitory transmission while increasing LHb intrinsic excitability through suppression of medium afterhyperpolarizations. ΔPKA mutation-induced suppression of medium afterhyperpolarizations also blunts the synaptic and neuroexcitatory actions of the stress neuromodulator, corticotropin releasing factor (CRF), in mouse LHb. Altogether, our data suggest that AKAP150 complex signaling plays a critical role in regulation of AMPA and GABAA receptor synaptic strength, glutamatergic plasticity and CRF neuromodulation possibly through AMPA receptor and potassium channel trafficking and endocannabinoid signaling within the LHb.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah C Simmons
- Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Therapeutics, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA
| | - William J Flerlage
- Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Therapeutics, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA
| | - Ludovic D Langlois
- Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Therapeutics, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA
| | - Ryan D Shepard
- Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Therapeutics, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA
| | - Christopher Bouslog
- Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Therapeutics, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA
| | - Emily H Thomas
- Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Therapeutics, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA
| | - Kaitlyn M Gouty
- Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Therapeutics, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA
| | - Jennifer L Sanderson
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Shawn Gouty
- Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Therapeutics, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA
| | - Brian M Cox
- Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Therapeutics, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA
| | - Mark L Dell'Acqua
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA.
| | - Fereshteh S Nugent
- Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Therapeutics, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA.
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Omar MH, Byrne DP, Shrestha S, Lakey TM, Lee KS, Lauer SM, Collins KB, Daly LA, Eyers CE, Baird GS, Ong SE, Kannan N, Eyers PA, Scott JD. Discovery of a Cushing's syndrome protein kinase A mutant that biases signaling through type I AKAPs. Sci Adv 2024; 10:eadl1258. [PMID: 38381834 PMCID: PMC10881042 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adl1258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Adrenal Cushing's syndrome is a disease of cortisol hypersecretion often caused by mutations in protein kinase A catalytic subunit (PKAc). Using a personalized medicine screening platform, we discovered a Cushing's driver mutation, PKAc-W196G, in ~20% of patient samples analyzed. Proximity proteomics and photokinetic imaging reveal that PKAcW196G is unexpectedly distinct from other described Cushing's variants, exhibiting retained association with type I regulatory subunits (RI) and their corresponding A kinase anchoring proteins (AKAPs). Molecular dynamics simulations predict that substitution of tryptophan-196 with glycine creates a 653-cubic angstrom cleft between the catalytic core of PKAcW196G and type II regulatory subunits (RII), but only a 395-cubic angstrom cleft with RI. Endocrine measurements show that overexpression of RIα or redistribution of PKAcW196G via AKAP recruitment counteracts stress hormone overproduction. We conclude that a W196G mutation in the kinase catalytic core skews R subunit selectivity and biases AKAP association to drive Cushing's syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitchell H. Omar
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Dominic P. Byrne
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Systems Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZB, UK
| | - Safal Shrestha
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Tyler M. Lakey
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Kyung-Soon Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Sophia M. Lauer
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Kerrie B. Collins
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Leonard A. Daly
- Centre for Proteome Research, Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Systems Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZB, UK
| | - Claire E. Eyers
- Centre for Proteome Research, Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Systems Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZB, UK
| | - Geoffrey S. Baird
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Shao-En Ong
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Natarajan Kannan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Patrick A. Eyers
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Systems Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZB, UK
| | - John D. Scott
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
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7
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Wang W, Dai X, Li Y, Li M, Chi Z, Hu X, Wang Z. The miR-669a-5p/G3BP/HDAC6/AKAP12 Axis Regulates Primary Cilia Length. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2024; 11:e2305068. [PMID: 38088586 PMCID: PMC10853727 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202305068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Primary cilia are conserved organelles in most mammalian cells, acting as "antennae" to sense external signals. Maintaining a physiological cilium length is required for cilium function. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are potent gene expression regulators, and aberrant miRNA expression is closely associated with ciliopathies. However, how miRNAs modulate cilium length remains elusive. Here, using the calcium-shock method and small RNA sequencing, a miRNA is identified, namely, miR-669a-5p, that is highly expressed in the cilia-enriched noncellular fraction. It is shown that miR-669a-5p promotes cilium elongation but not cilium formation in cultured cells. Mechanistically, it is demonstrated that miR-669a-5p represses ras-GTPase-activating protein SH3-domain-binding protein (G3BP) expression to inhibit histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) expression, which further upregulates A-kinase anchor protein 12 (AKAP12) expression. This effect ultimately blocks cilia disassembly and leads to greater cilium length, which can be restored to wild-type lengths by either upregulating HDAC6 or downregulating AKAP12. Collectively, these results elucidate a previously unidentified miR-669a-5p/G3BP/HDAC6/AKAP12 signaling pathway that regulates cilium length, providing potential pharmaceutical targets for treating ciliopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weina Wang
- School of Life SciencesInstitute of Life Science and Green DevelopmentHebei UniversityBaoding071002China
| | - Xuyao Dai
- School of Life SciencesInstitute of Life Science and Green DevelopmentHebei UniversityBaoding071002China
| | - Yue Li
- School of Life SciencesInstitute of Life Science and Green DevelopmentHebei UniversityBaoding071002China
| | - Mo Li
- School of Public HealthHebei UniversityBaoding071000China
| | - Zongqi Chi
- School of Public HealthHebei UniversityBaoding071000China
| | - Xiaoyu Hu
- School of Life SciencesInstitute of Life Science and Green DevelopmentHebei UniversityBaoding071002China
| | - Zhenshan Wang
- School of Life SciencesInstitute of Life Science and Green DevelopmentHebei UniversityBaoding071002China
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8
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Tutzauer J, Serafin DS, Schmidt T, Olde B, Caron KM, Leeb-Lundberg LMF. G protein-coupled estrogen receptor (GPER)/GPR30 forms a complex with the β 1-adrenergic receptor, a membrane-associated guanylate kinase (MAGUK) scaffold protein, and protein kinase A anchoring protein (AKAP) 5 in MCF7 breast cancer cells. Arch Biochem Biophys 2024; 752:109882. [PMID: 38211639 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2024.109882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptor 30 (GPR30), also named G protein-coupled estrogen receptor (GPER), and the β1-adrenergic receptor (β1AR) are G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) that are implicated in breast cancer progression. Both receptors contain PSD-95/Discs-large/ZO-1 homology (PDZ) motifs in their C-terminal tails through which they interact in the plasma membrane with membrane-associated guanylate kinase (MAGUK) scaffold proteins, and in turn protein kinase A anchoring protein (AKAP) 5. GPR30 constitutively and PDZ-dependently inhibits β1AR-mediated cAMP production. We hypothesized that this inhibition is a consequence of a plasma membrane complex of these receptors. Using co-immunoprecipitation, confocal immunofluorescence microscopy, and bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET), we show that GPR30 and β1AR reside in close proximity in a plasma membrane complex when transiently expressed in HEK293. Deleting the GPR30 C-terminal PDZ motif (-SSAV) does not interfere with the receptor complex, indicating that the complex is not PDZ-dependent. MCF7 breast cancer cells express GPR30, β1AR, MAGUKs, and AKAP5 in the plasma membrane, and co-immunoprecipitation revealed that these proteins exist in close proximity also under native conditions. Furthermore, expression of GPR30 in MCF7 cells constitutively and PDZ-dependently inhibits β1AR-mediated cAMP production. AKAP5 also inhibits β1AR-mediated cAMP production, which is not additive with GPR30-promoted inhibition. These results argue that GPR30 and β1AR form a PDZ-independent complex in MCF7 cells through which GPR30 constitutively and PDZ-dependently inhibits β1AR signaling via receptor interaction with MAGUKs and AKAP5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Tutzauer
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, 22184, Lund, Sweden
| | - D Stephen Serafin
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Tobias Schmidt
- Wallenberg Center for Molecular Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Division of Pediatrics, Lund University, 22184, Lund, Sweden
| | - Björn Olde
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Division of Cardiology, Lund University, 22184, Lund, Sweden
| | - Kathleen M Caron
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
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9
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Rao VG, Shendge AA, D'Gama PP, Martis EAF, Mehta S, Coutinho EC, D'Souza JS. A-kinase anchoring proteins are enriched in the central pair microtubules of motile cilia in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. FEBS Lett 2024; 598:457-476. [PMID: 38140814 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Cilia are microtubule-based sensory organelles present in a number of eukaryotic cells. Mutations in the genes encoding ciliary proteins cause ciliopathies in humans. A-kinase anchoring proteins (AKAPs) tether ciliary signaling proteins such as protein kinase A (PKA). The dimerization and docking domain (D/D) on the RIIα subunit of PKA interacts with AKAPs. Here, we show that AKAP240 from the central-pair microtubules of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii cilia uses two C-terminal amphipathic helices to bind to its partner FAP174, an RIIα-like protein with a D/D domain at the N-terminus. Co-immunoprecipitation using anti-FAP174 antibody with an enriched central-pair microtubule fraction isolated seven interactors whose mass spectrometry analysis revealed proteins from the C2a (FAP65, FAP70, and FAP147) and C1b (CPC1, HSP70A, and FAP42) microtubule projections and FAP75, a protein whose sub-ciliary localization is unknown. Using RII D/D and FAP174 as baits, we identified two additional AKAPs (CPC1 and FAP297) in the central-pair microtubules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venkatramanan G Rao
- School of Biological Sciences, UM-DAE Centre for Excellence in Basic Sciences, Kalina Campus, Santacruz (E), Mumbai, India
| | - Amruta A Shendge
- School of Biological Sciences, UM-DAE Centre for Excellence in Basic Sciences, Kalina Campus, Santacruz (E), Mumbai, India
| | - Percival P D'Gama
- School of Biological Sciences, UM-DAE Centre for Excellence in Basic Sciences, Kalina Campus, Santacruz (E), Mumbai, India
| | - Elvis A F Martis
- Molecular Simulations Group, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Bombay College of Pharmacy, Santacruz (E), Mumbai, India
| | - Shraddha Mehta
- School of Biological Sciences, UM-DAE Centre for Excellence in Basic Sciences, Kalina Campus, Santacruz (E), Mumbai, India
| | - Evans C Coutinho
- Molecular Simulations Group, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Bombay College of Pharmacy, Santacruz (E), Mumbai, India
- St John Institute of Pharmacy and Research, Palghar (E), Maharashtra, India
| | - Jacinta S D'Souza
- School of Biological Sciences, UM-DAE Centre for Excellence in Basic Sciences, Kalina Campus, Santacruz (E), Mumbai, India
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Fang Y, Xu J, Huang R. AKAP1 in Renal Patients with AHF to Reduce Ferroptosis of Cardiomyocyte. Heart Surg Forum 2024; 27:E028-E037. [PMID: 38286648 DOI: 10.59958/hsf.5717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study mainly investigated the mechanism and effects of AKAP1 in renal patients with acute heart failure (AHF). METHODS Patients with renal patients with AHF and normal volunteers were collected. The left anterior descending arteries (LAD) of mice were ligated to induce myocardial infarction. RESULTS AKAP1 messenger RNA (mRNA) expression was found to be down-regulated in renal patients with AHF. The serum levels of AKAP1 mRNA expression were negatively correlated with collagen I/III in patients. AKAP1 mRNA and protein expression in the heart tissue of mice with AHF were also found to be down-regulated in a time-dependent manner. Short hairpin (Sh)-AKAP1 promotes AHF in a mouse model. AKAP1 up-regulation reduces reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced oxidative stress in an In Vitro model. AKAP1 up-regulation also reduces ROS-induced lipid peroxidation ferroptosis in an In Vitro model. AKAP1 induces NDUFS1 expression to increase GPX4 activity levels. AKAP1 protein interlinked with the NDUFS1 protein. Up-regulation of the AKAP1 gene reduced NDUFS1 ubiquitination, while down-regulation of the AKAP1 gene increased NDUFS1 ubiquitination in a model. In vivo imaging showed that the sh-AKAP1 virus reduced NDUFS1 expression in the heart of a mouse model. CONCLUSIONS AKAP1 reduced ROS-induced lipid peroxidation ferroptosis through the inhibition of ubiquitination of NDUFS by mitochondrial damage in model of renal patients with AHF, suggest a novel target for AHF treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifeng Fang
- Department of Emergency, The First People's Hospital of Yongkang, 321390 Yongkang, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Junpeng Xu
- Department of Emergency, The First People's Hospital of Yongkang, 321390 Yongkang, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Ruofei Huang
- Department of Endocrine, The First People's Hospital of Yongkang, 321390 Yongkang, Zhejiang, China.
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Reggi E, Kaiser S, Sahnane N, Uccella S, La Rosa S, Diviani D. AKAP2-anchored protein phosphatase 1 controls prostatic neuroendocrine carcinoma cell migration and invasion. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024; 1870:166916. [PMID: 37827203 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2023.166916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PC) is the second leading cause of cancer-related death in men. The growth of primary prostate cancer cells relies on circulating androgens and thus the standard therapy for the treatment of localized and advanced PC is the androgen deprivation therapy. Prostatic neuroendocrine carcinoma (PNEC) is an aggressive and highly metastatic subtype of prostate cancer, which displays poor prognosis and high lethality. Most of PNECs develop from prostate adenocarcinoma in response to androgen deprivation therapy, however the mechanisms involved in this transition and in the elevated biological aggressiveness of PNECs are poorly defined. Our current findings indicate that AKAP2 expression is dramatically upregulated in PNECs as compared to non-cancerous prostate tissues. Using a PNEC cell model, we could show that AKAP2 is localized both intracellularly and at the cell periphery where it colocalizes with F-actin. AKAP2 and F-actin interact directly through a newly identified actin-binding domain located on AKAP2. RNAi-mediated silencing of AKAP2 promotes the phosphorylation and deactivation of cofilin, a protein involved in actin turnover. This effect correlates with a significant reduction in cell migration and invasion. Co-immunoprecipitation experiments and proximity ligation assays revealed that AKAP2 forms a complex with the catalytic subunit of protein phosphatase 1 (PP1) in PNECs. Importantly, AKAP2-mediated anchoring of PP1 to the actin cytoskeleton regulates cofilin dephosphorylation and activation, which, in turn, enhances F-actin dynamics and favors migration and invasion. In conclusion, this study identified AKAP2 as an anchoring protein overexpressed in PNECs that controls cancer cell invasive properties by regulating cofilin phosphorylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica Reggi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biology et Medicine, University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Simon Kaiser
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biology et Medicine, University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Nora Sahnane
- Unit of Pathology, Department of Oncology, ASST Sette Laghi, Varese, Italy
| | - Silvia Uccella
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy; Pathology Service, Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefano La Rosa
- Unit of Pathology, Department of Oncology, ASST Sette Laghi, Varese, Italy; Unit of Pathology, Department of Medicine and Technological Innovation, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Dario Diviani
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biology et Medicine, University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland.
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12
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Miller KA, Degan S, Wang Y, Cohen J, Ku SY, Goodrich DW, Gelman IH. PTEN-regulated PI3K-p110 and AKT isoform plasticity controls metastatic prostate cancer progression. Oncogene 2024; 43:22-34. [PMID: 37875657 PMCID: PMC10766561 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-023-02875-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
PTEN loss, one of the most frequent mutations in prostate cancer (PC), is presumed to drive disease progression through AKT activation. However, two transgenic PC models with Akt activation plus Rb loss exhibited different metastatic development: Pten/RbPE:-/- mice produced systemic metastatic adenocarcinomas with high AKT2 activation, whereas RbPE:-/- mice deficient for the Src-scaffolding protein, Akap12, induced high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasias and indolent lymph node dissemination, correlating with upregulated phosphotyrosyl PI3K-p85α. Using PC cells isogenic for PTEN, we show that PTEN-deficiency correlated with dependence on both p110β and AKT2 for in vitro and in vivo parameters of metastatic growth or motility, and with downregulation of SMAD4, a known PC metastasis suppressor. In contrast, PTEN expression, which dampened these oncogenic behaviors, correlated with greater dependence on p110α plus AKT1. Our data suggest that metastatic PC aggressiveness is controlled by specific PI3K/AKT isoform combinations influenced by divergent Src activation or PTEN-loss pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina A Miller
- Department of Cancer Genetics & Genomics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY, 14209, USA
- American Society of Human Genetics, Rockville, MD, 20852, USA
| | - Seamus Degan
- Department of Cancer Genetics & Genomics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY, 14209, USA
| | - Yanqing Wang
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY, 14209, USA
| | - Joseph Cohen
- Department of Cancer Genetics & Genomics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY, 14209, USA
- Sequence, Inc., Morrisville, NC, USA
| | - Sheng Yu Ku
- Dana Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - David W Goodrich
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY, 14209, USA
| | - Irwin H Gelman
- Department of Cancer Genetics & Genomics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY, 14209, USA.
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13
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Li X, Dong H, Zheng Y, Ding S, Li Y, Li H, Huang H, Zhong C, Xie T, Xu Y. AKAP12 inhibits esophageal squamous carcinoma cell proliferation, migration, and cell cycle via the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Mol Cell Probes 2023; 72:101939. [PMID: 37879503 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcp.2023.101939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) consistently ranks as one of the most challenging variants of squamous cell carcinomas, primarily due to the lack of effective early detection strategies. We herein aimed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms and biological role associated with A-kinase anchoring protein 12 (AKAP12) in the context of ESCC. Bioinformatic analysis had revealed significantly lower expression level of AKAP12 in ESCC tissue samples than in their non-cancerous counterparts. To gain deeper insights into the potential role of AKAP12 in the progression of ESCC, we conducted a single-gene set enrichment analysis of AKAP12 on ESCC datasets. Our findings suggested that AKAP12 exhibits functions inhibiting cell cycle progression, tumor proliferation, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition. To further validate our findings, we subjected ESCC cell lines to AKAP12 overexpression using CRISPR/Cas9-SAM. In vitro analyses demonstrated that increased expression of AKAP12 significantly reduced cell proliferation, migration, and cell cycle progression. Simultaneously, genes associated with this biological role undergo corresponding regulatory shifts. These observations provided valuable insights into the biological role played by AKAP12 in ESCC progression. In summary, AKAP12 shows promise as a new potential biomarker for early ESCC diagnosis, offering potential advantages for subsequent therapeutic intervention and disease management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingyi Li
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, The First People's Hospital of Nantong, 226001, Nantong, China; Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Huzhou Teachers College, The First Hospital of Huzhou, 313000, Huzhou, China
| | - Hao Dong
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, The First People's Hospital of Nantong, 226001, Nantong, China
| | - Yifan Zheng
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, The First People's Hospital of Nantong, 226001, Nantong, China
| | - Shengguang Ding
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, The First People's Hospital of Nantong, 226001, Nantong, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, The First People's Hospital of Nantong, 226001, Nantong, China
| | - Hefei Li
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, The Third People's Hospital of Nantong, 226001, Nantong, China
| | - HaiTao Huang
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, The First People's Hospital of Nantong, 226001, Nantong, China
| | - Congjun Zhong
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, The First People's Hospital of Nantong, 226001, Nantong, China
| | - Tian Xie
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, China.
| | - Yiming Xu
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, The First People's Hospital of Nantong, 226001, Nantong, China.
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14
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Luo M, Hu Z, Liu Z, Tian X, Chen J, Yang J, Liu L, Lin C, Li D, He Q. Methyl protodioscin reduces c-Myc to ameliorate diabetes mellitus erectile dysfunction via downregulation of AKAP12. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2023; 206:111012. [PMID: 37967586 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2023.111012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes mellitus erectile dysfunction (DMED) is one of common complications of diabetes. We aimed to investigate the potential efficacy of methyl protodioscin (MPD) in DMED and explored the underlying mechanism. METHODS Diabetic mice were induced by streptozotocin, while vascular endothelial cells (VECs) and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) were stimulated with high glucose. MPD was administrated in vitro and in vivo to verify its efficacy on DMED. The interaction of c-Myc and AKAP12 was determined by luciferase reporter assay and chromatin immunoprecipitation assay. RESULTS c-Myc and AKAP12 were upregulated in penile tissues in DMED mice. In high glucose-stimulated VSMCs or VECs, MPD intervention enhanced cell viability, inhibited apoptosis, decreased c-Myc and AKAP12, as well as elevated p-eNOS Ser1177. MPD-induced apoptosis inhibition, AKAP12 reduction and p-eNOSSer1177 elevation were reversed by AKAP12 overexpression. c-Myc functioned as a positive regulator of AKAP12. Overexpression of c-Myc reversed the effects induced by MPD in vitro, which was neutralized by AKAP12 silencing. MPD ameliorated erectile function in diabetic mice via inhibiting AKAP12. CONCLUSIONS MPD improved erectile dysfunction in streptozotocin-caused diabetic mice by regulating c-Myc/AKAP12 pathway, indicating that MPD could be developed as a promising natural agent for the treatment of DMED.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Luo
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Internet-Chinese and Western Medicine Collaboration-Health Service, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua 418000, Hunan Province, PR China; Department of Rehabilitation Medicine and Health Care, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua 418000, Hunan Province, PR China; Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan Province, PR China
| | - Zongren Hu
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Internet-Chinese and Western Medicine Collaboration-Health Service, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua 418000, Hunan Province, PR China; Department of Rehabilitation Medicine and Health Care, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua 418000, Hunan Province, PR China; College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, Hunan Province, PR China
| | - Ziyu Liu
- College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, Hunan Province, PR China
| | - Xiaoying Tian
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Internet-Chinese and Western Medicine Collaboration-Health Service, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua 418000, Hunan Province, PR China; Department of Rehabilitation Medicine and Health Care, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua 418000, Hunan Province, PR China
| | - Jisong Chen
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Internet-Chinese and Western Medicine Collaboration-Health Service, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua 418000, Hunan Province, PR China; Department of Rehabilitation Medicine and Health Care, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua 418000, Hunan Province, PR China
| | - Jichang Yang
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Internet-Chinese and Western Medicine Collaboration-Health Service, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua 418000, Hunan Province, PR China; Department of Rehabilitation Medicine and Health Care, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua 418000, Hunan Province, PR China; Gooeto Internet-Based Hospital, Changsha 410217, Hunan Province, PR China
| | - Lumei Liu
- College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, Hunan Province, PR China
| | - Chengxiong Lin
- Huairen Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Huaihua 418099, Hunan Province, PR China
| | - Dian Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410007, Hunan Province, PR China
| | - Qinghu He
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Internet-Chinese and Western Medicine Collaboration-Health Service, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua 418000, Hunan Province, PR China; Department of Rehabilitation Medicine and Health Care, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua 418000, Hunan Province, PR China; College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, Hunan Province, PR China.
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15
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Li K, Wu X, Li Y, Hu TT, Wang W, Gonzalez FJ, Liu W. AKAP12 promotes cancer stem cell-like phenotypes and activates STAT3 in colorectal cancer. Clin Transl Oncol 2023; 25:3263-3276. [PMID: 37326825 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-023-03230-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer stem cells (CSCs) have unique biological characteristics, including tumorigenicity, immortality, and chemoresistance. Colorectal CSCs have been identified and isolated from colorectal cancers by various methods. AKAP12, a scaffolding protein, is considered to act as a potential suppressor in colorectal cancer, but its role in CSCs remains unknown. In this study, we investigated the function of AKAP12 in Colorectal CSCs. METHODS Herein, Colorectal CSCs were enriched by cell culture with a serum-free medium. CSC-associated characteristics were evaluated by Flow cytometry assay and qPCR. AKAP12 gene expression was regulated by lentiviral transfection assay. The tumorigenicity of AKAP12 in vivo by constructing a tumor xenograft model. The related pathways were explored by qPCR and Western blot. RESULTS The depletion of AKAP12 reduced colony formation, sphere formation, and expression of stem cell markers in colorectal cancer cells, while its knockdown decreased the volume and weight of tumor xenografts in vivo. AKAP12 expression levels also affected the expression of stemness markers associated with STAT3, potentially via regulating the expression of protein kinase C. CONCLUSION This study suggests Colorectal CSCs overexpress AKAP12 and maintain stem cell characteristics through the AKAP12/PKC/STAT3 pathway. AKAP12 may be an important therapeutic target for blocking the development of colorectal cancer in the field of cancer stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuan Wu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University, Shanghai, 200070, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University, Shanghai, 200070, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting-Ting Hu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, People's Republic of China
| | - Weifeng Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Frank J Gonzalez
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Weiwei Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China.
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
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Cash A, de Jager C, Brickler T, Soliman E, Ladner L, Kaloss AM, Zhu Y, Pridham KJ, Mills J, Ju J, Basso EKG, Chen M, Johnson Z, Sotiropoulos Y, Wang X, Xie H, Matson JB, Marvin EA, Theus MH. Endothelial deletion of EPH receptor A4 alters single-cell profile and Tie2/Akap12 signaling to preserve blood-brain barrier integrity. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2204700120. [PMID: 37796990 PMCID: PMC10576133 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2204700120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurobiological consequences of traumatic brain injury (TBI) result from a complex interplay of secondary injury responses and sequela that mediates chronic disability. Endothelial cells are important regulators of the cerebrovascular response to TBI. Our work demonstrates that genetic deletion of endothelial cell (EC)-specific EPH receptor A4 (EphA4) using conditional EphA4f/f/Tie2-Cre and EphA4f/f/VE-Cadherin-CreERT2 knockout (KO) mice promotes blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity and tissue protection, which correlates with improved motor function and cerebral blood flow recovery following controlled cortical impact (CCI) injury. scRNAseq of capillary-derived KO ECs showed increased differential gene expression of BBB-related junctional and actin cytoskeletal regulators, namely, A-kinase anchor protein 12, Akap12, whose presence at Tie2 clustering domains is enhanced in KO microvessels. Transcript and protein analysis of CCI-injured whole cortical tissue or cortical-derived ECs suggests that EphA4 limits the expression of Cldn5, Akt, and Akap12 and promotes Ang2. Blocking Tie2 using sTie2-Fc attenuated protection and reversed Akap12 mRNA and protein levels cortical-derived ECs. Direct stimulation of Tie2 using Vasculotide, angiopoietin-1 memetic peptide, phenocopied the neuroprotection. Finally, we report a noteworthy rise in soluble Ang2 in the sera of individuals with acute TBI, highlighting its promising role as a vascular biomarker for early detection of BBB disruption. These findings describe a contribution of the axon guidance molecule, EphA4, in mediating TBI microvascular dysfunction through negative regulation of Tie2/Akap12 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison Cash
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA24061
| | - Caroline de Jager
- Translational Biology Medicine and Health Graduate Program, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA24061
| | - Thomas Brickler
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA24061
| | - Eman Soliman
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA24061
| | - Liliana Ladner
- Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine, Virginia Tech, Roanoke, VA24016
| | - Alexandra M. Kaloss
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA24061
| | - Yumeng Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA24061
| | - Kevin J. Pridham
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA24061
| | - Jatia Mills
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA24061
| | - Jing Ju
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA24061
| | | | - Michael Chen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA24061
| | - Zachary Johnson
- Genetics, Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Program, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA24061
- Epigenomics and Computational Biology Lab, Fralin Life Sciences Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA24061
| | - Yianni Sotiropoulos
- Summer Veterinary Student Research Program, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA24061
| | - Xia Wang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA24061
| | - Hehuang Xie
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA24061
- Genetics, Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Program, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA24061
- Epigenomics and Computational Biology Lab, Fralin Life Sciences Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA24061
- Center for Engineered Health, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA24061
| | - John B. Matson
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA24061
| | - Eric A. Marvin
- Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine, Virginia Tech, Roanoke, VA24016
| | - Michelle H. Theus
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA24061
- Summer Veterinary Student Research Program, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA24061
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Golatkar V, Bhatt LK. mAKAPβ signalosome: A potential target for cardiac hypertrophy. Drug Dev Res 2023; 84:1072-1084. [PMID: 37203301 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.22081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Pathological cardiac hypertrophy is the result of a prolonged increase in the workload of the heart that activates various signaling pathways such as MAPK pathway, PKA-dependent cAMP signaling, and CaN-NFAT signaling pathway which further activates genes for cardiac remodeling. Various signalosomes are present in the heart that regulates the signaling of physiological and pathological cardiac hypertrophy. mAKAPβ is one such scaffold protein that regulates signaling pathways involved in promoting cardiac hypertrophy. It is present in the outer nuclear envelope of the cardiomyocytes, which provides specificity of the target toward the heart. In addition, nuclear translocation of signaling components and transcription factors such as MEF2D, NFATc, and HIF-1α is facilitated due to the localization of mAKAPβ near the nuclear envelope. These factors are required for activation of genes promoting cardiac remodeling. Downregulation of mAKAPβ improves cardiac function and attenuates cardiac hypertrophy which in turn prevents the development of heart failure. Unlike earlier therapies for heart failure, knockout or silencing of mAKAPβ is not associated with side effects because of its high specificity in the striated myocytes. Downregulating expression of mAKAPβ is a favorable therapeutic approach toward attenuating cardiac hypertrophy and hence preventing heart failure. This review discusses mAKAPβ signalosome as a potential target for cardiac hypertrophy intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vaishnavi Golatkar
- Department of Pharmacology, SVKM's Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai, India
| | - Lokesh K Bhatt
- Department of Pharmacology, SVKM's Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai, India
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Shi Y, Xu X, He Z, Tao H, Chen Y, Zhang L, Tao S, Ding B, Wang C, Yu L. AKAP12 and IGFBP4 Are Prognostic Factors for Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia. Acta Haematol 2023; 146:473-480. [PMID: 37605556 DOI: 10.1159/000530618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aim of this study was to develop a prognostic model for chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). METHODS GEO2R was used to retrieve the gene expression data of CLL and normal B cells from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO; GSE22529 and GSE50006 datasets) database. Practical Extraction and Report Language was used to extract the gene expression and overall survival (OS) data of CLL patients from the Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia - ES (CLLE-ES) project in the International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) database. Cox regression with Lasso was used to create and validate a prognostic model for CLL. RESULTS A total of 267 genes exhibited differential expression between CLL and normal B cells. Cox univariate analysis identified 14 DEGs that correlated with OS. Lasso multivariate evaluation demonstrated that AKAP12 and IGFBP4 are independent prognostic factors for CLL. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis revealed a significant association between the estimated risk score and survival. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was calculated to be 0.97, indicating high predictive accuracy. In addition, high AKAP12 and IGFBP4 risk scores were associated with the high incidence of trisomy 12q. CONCLUSION Taken together, AKAP12 and IGFBP4 are independent prognostic factors for CLL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuye Shi
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Huai'an No.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, China
| | - Xiaohu Xu
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Huai'an No.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, China
| | - Zhengmei He
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Huai'an No.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, China
| | - Hong Tao
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Huai'an No.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, China
| | - Yue Chen
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Huai'an No.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, China
| | - Lijuan Zhang
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Huai'an No.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, China
| | - Shandong Tao
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Huai'an No.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, China
| | - Banghe Ding
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Huai'an No.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, China
| | - Chunling Wang
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Huai'an No.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, China
| | - Liang Yu
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Huai'an No.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, China
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Bastola T, Perkins GA, Kim KY, Choi S, Kwon JW, Shen Z, Strack S, Ju WK. Role of A-Kinase Anchoring Protein 1 in Retinal Ganglion Cells: Neurodegeneration and Neuroprotection. Cells 2023; 12:1539. [PMID: 37296658 PMCID: PMC10252895 DOI: 10.3390/cells12111539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Revised: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
A-Kinase anchoring protein 1 (AKAP1) is a multifunctional mitochondrial scaffold protein that regulates mitochondrial dynamics, bioenergetics, and calcium homeostasis by anchoring several proteins, including protein kinase A, to the outer mitochondrial membrane. Glaucoma is a complex, multifactorial disease characterized by a slow and progressive degeneration of the optic nerve and retinal ganglion cells (RGCs), ultimately resulting in vision loss. Impairment of the mitochondrial network and function is linked to glaucomatous neurodegeneration. Loss of AKAP1 induces dynamin-related protein 1 dephosphorylation-mediated mitochondrial fragmentation and loss of RGCs. Elevated intraocular pressure triggers a significant reduction in AKAP1 protein expression in the glaucomatous retina. Amplification of AKAP1 expression protects RGCs from oxidative stress. Hence, modulation of AKAP1 could be considered a potential therapeutic target for neuroprotective intervention in glaucoma and other mitochondria-associated optic neuropathies. This review covers the current research on the role of AKAP1 in the maintenance of mitochondrial dynamics, bioenergetics, and mitophagy in RGCs and provides a scientific basis to identify and develop new therapeutic strategies that could protect RGCs and their axons in glaucoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tonking Bastola
- Hamilton Glaucoma Center and Shiley Eye Institute, The Viterbi Family Department of Ophthalmology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; (T.B.); (S.C.); (J.-W.K.); (Z.S.)
| | - Guy A. Perkins
- National Center for Microscopy and Imaging Research, Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; (G.A.P.); (K.-Y.K.)
| | - Keun-Young Kim
- National Center for Microscopy and Imaging Research, Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; (G.A.P.); (K.-Y.K.)
| | - Seunghwan Choi
- Hamilton Glaucoma Center and Shiley Eye Institute, The Viterbi Family Department of Ophthalmology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; (T.B.); (S.C.); (J.-W.K.); (Z.S.)
| | - Jin-Woo Kwon
- Hamilton Glaucoma Center and Shiley Eye Institute, The Viterbi Family Department of Ophthalmology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; (T.B.); (S.C.); (J.-W.K.); (Z.S.)
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, St. Vincent’s Hospital, Jungbu-daero 93, Paldal-gu, Suwon 16247, Republic of Korea
| | - Ziyao Shen
- Hamilton Glaucoma Center and Shiley Eye Institute, The Viterbi Family Department of Ophthalmology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; (T.B.); (S.C.); (J.-W.K.); (Z.S.)
| | - Stefan Strack
- Department of Pharmacology, Iowa Neuroscience Institute, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA;
| | - Won-Kyu Ju
- Hamilton Glaucoma Center and Shiley Eye Institute, The Viterbi Family Department of Ophthalmology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; (T.B.); (S.C.); (J.-W.K.); (Z.S.)
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20
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Collins KB, Scott JD. Phosphorylation, compartmentalization, and cardiac function. IUBMB Life 2023; 75:353-369. [PMID: 36177749 PMCID: PMC10049969 DOI: 10.1002/iub.2677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Protein phosphorylation is a fundamental element of cell signaling. First discovered as a biochemical switch in glycogen metabolism, we now know that this posttranslational modification permeates all aspects of cellular behavior. In humans, over 540 protein kinases attach phosphate to acceptor amino acids, whereas around 160 phosphoprotein phosphatases remove phosphate to terminate signaling. Aberrant phosphorylation underlies disease, and kinase inhibitor drugs are increasingly used clinically as targeted therapies. Specificity in protein phosphorylation is achieved in part because kinases and phosphatases are spatially organized inside cells. A prototypic example is compartmentalization of the cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cAMP)-dependent protein kinase A through association with A-kinase anchoring proteins. This configuration creates autonomous signaling islands where the anchored kinase is constrained in proximity to activators, effectors, and selected substates. This article primarily focuses on A kinase anchoring protein (AKAP) signaling in the heart with an emphasis on anchoring proteins that spatiotemporally coordinate excitation-contraction coupling and hypertrophic responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerrie B. Collins
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington, School of Medicine, 1959 NE Pacific Ave, Seattle WA, 98195
| | - John D. Scott
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington, School of Medicine, 1959 NE Pacific Ave, Seattle WA, 98195
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21
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Subramanian H, Nikolaev VO. A-Kinase Anchoring Proteins in Cardiac Myocytes and Their Roles in Regulating Calcium Cycling. Cells 2023; 12:cells12030436. [PMID: 36766777 PMCID: PMC9913689 DOI: 10.3390/cells12030436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The rate of calcium cycling and calcium transient amplitude are critical determinants for the efficient contraction and relaxation of the heart. Calcium-handling proteins in the cardiac myocyte are altered in heart failure, and restoring the proper function of those proteins is an effective potential therapeutic strategy. The calcium-handling proteins or their regulators are phosphorylated by a cAMP-dependent kinase (PKA), and thereby their activity is regulated. A-Kinase Anchoring Proteins (AKAPs) play a seminal role in orchestrating PKA and cAMP regulators in calcium handling and contractile machinery. This cAMP/PKA orchestration is crucial for the increased force and rate of contraction and relaxation of the heart in response to fight-or-flight. Knockout models and the few available preclinical models proved that the efficient targeting of AKAPs offers potential therapies tailor-made for improving defective calcium cycling. In this review, we highlight important studies that identified AKAPs and their regulatory roles in cardiac myocyte calcium cycling in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hariharan Subramanian
- Institute of Experimental Cardiovascular Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck
- Correspondence: (H.S.); (V.O.N.); Tel.: +49(0)40-7410-57383 (V.O.N.)
| | - Viacheslav O. Nikolaev
- Institute of Experimental Cardiovascular Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck
- Correspondence: (H.S.); (V.O.N.); Tel.: +49(0)40-7410-57383 (V.O.N.)
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22
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Zhang Y, Jeske NA. A-kinase anchoring protein 79/150 coordinates α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor sensitization in sensory neurons. Mol Pain 2023; 19:17448069231222406. [PMID: 38073552 PMCID: PMC10722943 DOI: 10.1177/17448069231222406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Changes in sensory afferent activity contribute to the transition from acute to chronic pain. However, it is unlikely that a single sensory receptor is entirely responsible for persistent pain. It is more probable that extended changes to multiple receptor proteins expressed by afferent neurons support persistent pain. A-Kinase Anchoring Protein 79/150 (AKAP) is an intracellular scaffolding protein expressed in sensory neurons that spatially and temporally coordinates signaling events. Since AKAP scaffolds biochemical modifications of multiple TRP receptors linked to pain phenotypes, we probed for other ionotropic receptors that may be mediated by AKAP and contribute to persistent pain. Here, we identify a role for AKAP modulation of α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid Receptor (AMPA-R) functionality in sensory neurons. Pharmacological manipulation of distinct AMPA-R subunits significantly reduces persistent mechanical hypersensitivity observed during hyperalgesic priming. Stimulation of both protein kinases C and A (PKC, PKA, respectively) modulate AMPA-R subunit GluR1 and GluR2 phosphorylation and surface expression in an AKAP-dependent manner in primary cultures of DRG neurons. Furthermore, AKAP knock out reduces sensitized AMPA-R responsivity in DRG neurons. Collectively, these data indicate that AKAP scaffolds AMPA-R subunit organization in DRG neurons that may contribute to the transition from acute-to-chronic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Nathaniel A Jeske
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Department of Physiology, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
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23
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Martín-Aragón Baudel M, Hong J, Hell JW, Nieves-Cintrón M, Navedo MF. Mechanisms of Vascular Ca V1.2 Channel Regulation During Diabetic Hyperglycemia. Handb Exp Pharmacol 2023; 279:41-58. [PMID: 36598607 DOI: 10.1007/164_2022_628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes is a leading cause of disability and mortality worldwide. A major underlying factor in diabetes is the excessive glucose levels in the bloodstream (e.g., hyperglycemia). Vascular complications directly result from this metabolic abnormality, leading to disabling and life-threatening conditions. Dysfunction of vascular smooth muscle cells is a well-recognized factor mediating vascular complications during diabetic hyperglycemia. The function of vascular smooth muscle cells is exquisitely controlled by different ion channels. Among the ion channels, the L-type CaV1.2 channel plays a key role as it is the main Ca2+ entry pathway regulating vascular smooth muscle contractile state. The activity of CaV1.2 channels in vascular smooth muscle is altered by diabetic hyperglycemia, which may contribute to vascular complications. In this chapter, we summarize the current understanding of the regulation of CaV1.2 channels in vascular smooth muscle by different signaling pathways. We place special attention on the regulation of CaV1.2 channel activity in vascular smooth muscle by a newly uncovered AKAP5/P2Y11/AC5/PKA/CaV1.2 axis that is engaged during diabetic hyperglycemia. We further describe the pathophysiological implications of activation of this axis as it relates to myogenic tone and vascular reactivity and propose that this complex may be targeted for developing therapies to treat diabetic vascular complications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Junyoung Hong
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Johannes W Hell
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | | | - Manuel F Navedo
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA.
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24
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Cayton Vaught KC, Hazimeh D, Carter AS, Devine K, Maher JY, Maguire M, McGee EA, Driggers PH, Segars JH. AKAP13 Enhances CREB1 Activation by FSH in Granulosa Cells. Reprod Sci 2022; 30:1528-1539. [PMID: 36401072 PMCID: PMC10164136 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-022-01097-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Granulosa cells (GCs) must respond appropriately to follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) for proper follicle maturation. FSH activates protein kinase A (PKA) leading to phosphorylation of the cyclic AMP response element binding protein-1 (CREB1). We identified a unique A-kinase anchoring protein (AKAP13) containing a Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor (RhoGEF) region that was induced in GCs during folliculogenesis. AKAPs are known to coordinate signaling cascades, and we sought to evaluate the role of AKAP13 in GCs in response to FSH. Aromatase reporter activity was increased in COV434 human GCs overexpressing AKAP13. Addition of FSH, or the PKA activator forskolin, significantly enhanced this activity by 1.5- to 2.5-fold, respectively (p < 0.001). Treatment with the PKA inhibitor H89 significantly reduced AKAP13-dependent activation of an aromatase reporter (p = 0.0067). AKAP13 physically interacted with CREB1 in co-immunoprecipitation experiments and increased the phosphorylation of CREB1. CREB1 phosphorylation increased after FSH treatment in a time-specific manner, and this effect was reduced by siRNA directed against AKAP13 (p = 0.05). CREB1 activation increased by 18.5-fold with co-expression of AKAP13 in the presence of FSH (p < 0.001). Aromatase reporter activity was reduced by inhibitors of the RhoGEF region, C3 transferase and A13, and greatly enhanced by the RhoGEF activator, A02. In primary murine and COV43 GCs, siRNA knockdown of Akap13/AKAP13 decreased aromatase and luteinizing hormone receptor transcripts in cells treated with FSH, compared with controls. Collectively, these findings suggest that AKAP13 may function as a scaffolding protein in FSH signal transduction via an interaction with CREB, resulting in phosphorylation of CREB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamaria C Cayton Vaught
- Division of Reproductive Sciences & Women's Health Research, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.
| | - Dana Hazimeh
- American University of Beirut Medical Centre, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Ashlie Sewdass Carter
- Division of Reproductive Sciences & Women's Health Research, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Kate Devine
- Section On Reproductive Endocrinology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
- Shady Grove Fertility, Washington, DC, 20006, USA
| | - Jacqueline Y Maher
- Division of Reproductive Sciences & Women's Health Research, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
- Section On Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Marcy Maguire
- Section On Reproductive Endocrinology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
- Reproductive Medicine Associates of New Jersey, West Orange, NJ, 07052, USA
| | - Elizabeth A McGee
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA
| | - Paul H Driggers
- Division of Reproductive Sciences & Women's Health Research, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - James H Segars
- Division of Reproductive Sciences & Women's Health Research, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
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25
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Ramani K, Mavila N, Abeynayake A, Tomasi ML, Wang J, Matsuda M, Seki E. Targeting A-kinase anchoring protein 12 phosphorylation in hepatic stellate cells regulates liver injury and fibrosis in mouse models. eLife 2022; 11:e78430. [PMID: 36193675 PMCID: PMC9531947 DOI: 10.7554/elife.78430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Trans-differentiation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) to activated state potentiates liver fibrosis through release of extracellular matrix (ECM) components, distorting the liver architecture. Since limited antifibrotics are available, pharmacological intervention targeting activated HSCs may be considered for therapy. A-kinase anchoring protein 12 (AKAP12) is a scaffolding protein that directs protein kinases A/C (PKA/PKC) and cyclins to specific locations spatiotemporally controlling their biological effects. It has been shown that AKAP12's scaffolding functions are altered by phosphorylation. In previously published work, observed an association between AKAP12 phosphorylation and HSC activation. In this work, we demonstrate that AKAP12's scaffolding activity toward the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-resident collagen chaperone, heat-shock protein 47 (HSP47) is strongly inhibited by AKAP12's site-specific phosphorylation in activated HSCs. CRISPR-directed gene editing of AKAP12's phospho-sites restores its scaffolding toward HSP47, inhibiting HSP47's collagen maturation functions, and HSC activation. AKAP12 phospho-editing dramatically inhibits fibrosis, ER stress response, HSC inflammatory signaling, and liver injury in mice. Our overall findings suggest a pro-fibrogenic role of AKAP12 phosphorylation that may be targeted for therapeutic intervention in liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Komal Ramani
- Karsh Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Cedars-Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesUnited States
- Applied Cell Biology Division, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesUnited States
| | - Nirmala Mavila
- Karsh Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Cedars-Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesUnited States
- Applied Cell Biology Division, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesUnited States
| | - Aushinie Abeynayake
- Karsh Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Cedars-Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesUnited States
| | - Maria Lauda Tomasi
- Karsh Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Cedars-Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesUnited States
- Applied Cell Biology Division, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesUnited States
| | - Jiaohong Wang
- Karsh Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Cedars-Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesUnited States
| | - Michitaka Matsuda
- Karsh Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Cedars-Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesUnited States
| | - Eki Seki
- Karsh Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Cedars-Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesUnited States
- Applied Cell Biology Division, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesUnited States
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Zhang WW, Li XL, Liu YL, Liu JY, Zhu XX, Li J, Zhao LL, Zhang C, Wang H, Xu DX, Gao L. 1-Nitropyrene disrupts testosterone biogenesis via AKAP1 degradation promoted mitochondrial fission in mouse Leydig cell. Environ Pollut 2022; 307:119484. [PMID: 35613681 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Previous study found 1-NP disrupted steroidogenesis in mouse testis, but the underlying mechanism remained elusive. The current work aims to explore the roles of ROS-promoted AKAP1 degradation and excessive mitochondrial fission in 1-NP-induced steroidogenesis disruption in MLTC-1 cells. Transmission electron microscope analysis found 1-NP promoted excessive mitochondrial fission. Further data showed 1-NP disrupted mitochondrial function. pDRP1 (Ser637), a negative regulator of mitochondrial fission, was reduced in 1-NP-treated MLTC-1 cells. Mechanistically, 1-NP caused degradation of AKAP1, an upstream regulator of pDRP1 (Ser637). MG132, a proteasome inhibitor, attenuated 1-NP-induced AKAP1 degradation and downstream pDRP1 (Ser637) reduction, thereby ameliorating 1-NP-downregulated steroidogenesis. Further analysis found that cellular ROS was elevated and NOX4, HO-1 and SOD2 were upregulated in 1-NP-exposed MLTC-1 cells. NAC, a well-known commercial antioxidant, alleviated 1-NP-induced excessive ROS and oxidative stress. 1-NP-induced AKAP1 degradation and subsequent downregulation of pDRP1 (Ser637) were prevented by NAC pretreatment. Moreover, NAC attenuated 1-NP-resulted T synthesis disturbance in MLTC-1 cells. The present study indicates that ROS mediated AKAP1 degradation and subsequent pDRP1 (Ser637) dependent mitochondrial fission is indispensable in 1-NP caused T synthesis disruption. This study provides a new insight into 1-NP-induced endocrine disruption, and offers theoretical basis in public health prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Wei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes & Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Xiu-Liang Li
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes & Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Yu-Lin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes & Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Jia-Yu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes & Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Xin-Xin Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes & Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Jian Li
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes & Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Ling-Li Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes & Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes & Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Hua Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes & Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - De-Xiang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes & Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Lan Gao
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes & Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui Province, China.
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27
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Abstract
A kinase anchoring protein (AKAP) 12 is a scaffolding protein that improves the specificity and efficiency of spatiotemporal signal through assembling intracellular signal proteins into a specific complex. AKAP12 is a negative mitogenic regulator that plays an important role in controlling cytoskeletal architecture, maintaining endothelial integrity, regulating glial function and forming blood-brain barrier (BBB) and blood retinal barrier (BRB). Moreover, elevated or reduced AKAP12 contributes to a variety of diseases. Complex connections between AKAP12 and various diseases including chronic liver diseases (CLDs), inflammatory diseases and a series of cancers will be tried to delineate in this paper. We first describe the expression, distribution and physiological function of AKAP12. Then we summarize the current knowledge of different connections between AKAP12 expression and various diseases. Some research groups have found paradoxical roles of AKAP12 in different diseases and further confirmation is needed. This paper aims to assess the role of AKAP12 in physiology and diseases to help lay the foundation for the design of small molecules for specific AKAP12 to correct the pathological signal defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Li
- Central Laboratory, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, P. R. China
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28
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Grande G, Barrachina F, Soler-Ventura A, Jodar M, Mancini F, Marana R, Chiloiro S, Pontecorvi A, Oliva R, Milardi D. The Role of Testosterone in Spermatogenesis: Lessons From Proteome Profiling of Human Spermatozoa in Testosterone Deficiency. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:852661. [PMID: 35663320 PMCID: PMC9161277 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.852661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Testosterone is essential to maintain qualitative spermatogenesis. Nonetheless, no studies have been yet performed in humans to analyze the testosterone-mediated expression of sperm proteins and their importance in reproduction. Thus, this study aimed to identify sperm protein alterations in male hypogonadism using proteomic profiling. We have performed a comparative proteomic analysis comparing sperm from fertile controls (a pool of 5 normogonadic normozoospermic fertile men) versus sperm from patients with secondary hypogonadism (a pool of 5 oligozoospermic hypogonadic patients due to isolated LH deficiency). Sperm protein composition was analyzed, after peptide labelling with Isobaric Tags, via liquid chromatography followed by tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) on an LTQ Velos-Orbitrap mass spectrometer. LC-MS/MS data were analyzed using Proteome Discoverer. Criteria used to accept protein identification included a false discovery rate (FDR) of 1% and at least 1 peptide match per protein. Up to 986 proteins were identified and, of those, 43 proteins were differentially expressed: 32 proteins were under-expressed and 11 were over-expressed in the pool of hypogonadic patients compared to the controls. Bioinformatic analyses were performed using UniProt Knowledgebase, and the Gene Ontology Consortium database based on PANTHER. Notably, 13 of these 43 differentially expressed proteins have been previously reported to be related to sperm function and spermatogenesis. Western blot analyses for A-Kinase Anchoring Protein 3 (AKAP3) and the Prolactin Inducible Protein (PIP) were used to confirm the proteomics data. In summary, a high-resolution mass spectrometry-based proteomic approach was used for the first time to describe alterations of the sperm proteome in secondary male hypogonadism. Some of the differential sperm proteins described in this study, which include Prosaposin, SMOC-1, SERPINA5, SPANXB1, GSG1, ELSPBP1, fibronectin, 5-oxoprolinase, AKAP3, AKAP4, HYDIN, ROPN1B, ß-Microseminoprotein and Protein S100-A8, could represent new targets for the design of infertility treatments due to androgen deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Grande
- Research Group on Human Fertility, International Scientific Institute “Paul VI”, Rome, Italy
- Division of Endocrinology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “Agostino Gemelli” Scientific Hospitalization and Treatment Institute (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
| | - Ferran Barrachina
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Molecular Biology of Reproduction and Development Research Group, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Fundació Clínic per a la Recerca Biomèdica, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ada Soler-Ventura
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Molecular Biology of Reproduction and Development Research Group, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Fundació Clínic per a la Recerca Biomèdica, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Meritxell Jodar
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Molecular Biology of Reproduction and Development Research Group, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Fundació Clínic per a la Recerca Biomèdica, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics Service, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francesca Mancini
- Research Group on Human Fertility, International Scientific Institute “Paul VI”, Rome, Italy
| | - Riccardo Marana
- Research Group on Human Fertility, International Scientific Institute “Paul VI”, Rome, Italy
| | - Sabrina Chiloiro
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Alfredo Pontecorvi
- Research Group on Human Fertility, International Scientific Institute “Paul VI”, Rome, Italy
- Division of Endocrinology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “Agostino Gemelli” Scientific Hospitalization and Treatment Institute (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Rafael Oliva
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Molecular Biology of Reproduction and Development Research Group, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Fundació Clínic per a la Recerca Biomèdica, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics Service, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Domenico Milardi
- Research Group on Human Fertility, International Scientific Institute “Paul VI”, Rome, Italy
- Division of Endocrinology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “Agostino Gemelli” Scientific Hospitalization and Treatment Institute (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
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Maher JY, Islam MS, Yin O, Brennan J, Gough E, Driggers P, Segars J. The role of Hippo pathway signaling and A-kinase anchoring protein 13 in primordial follicle activation and inhibition. F S Sci 2022; 3:118-129. [PMID: 35560009 DOI: 10.1016/j.xfss.2022.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine whether the mechanotransduction and pharmacomanipulation of A-kinase anchoring protein 13 (AKAP13) altered Hippo signaling pathway transcription and growth factors in granulosa cells. Primary ovarian insufficiency is the depletion or dysfunction of primordial ovarian follicles. In vitro activation of ovarian tissue in patients with primary ovarian insufficiency alters the Hippo and phosphatase and tensin homolog/phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B/forkhead box O3 pathways. A-kinase anchoring protein 13 is found in granulosa cells and may regulate the Hippo pathway via F-actin polymerization resulting in altered nuclear yes-associated protein (YAP)/transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif coactivators and Tea domain family (TEAD) transcription factors. DESIGN Laboratory studies. SETTING Translational science laboratory. PATIENT(S) None. INTERVENTION(S) COV434 cells, derived from a primary human granulosa tumor cell line, were studied under different cell density and well stiffness conditions. Cells were transfected with a TEAD-luciferase (TEAD-luc) reporter as well as expression constructs for AKAP13 or AKAP13 mutants and then treated with AKAP13 activators, inhibitors, and follicle-stimulating hormone. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) TEAD gene activation or inhibition was measured by TEAD-luciferase assays. The messenger ribonucleic acid levels of Hippo pathway signaling molecules, including connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), baculoviral inhibitors of apoptosis repeat-containing 5, Ankyrin repeat domain-containing protein 1, YAP1, and TEAD1, were measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Protein expressions for AKAP13, CTGF, YAP1, and TEAD1 were measured using Western blot. RESULT(S) Increased TEAD-luciferase activity and expression of markers for cellular growth were associated with decreased cell density, increased well stiffness, and AKAP13 activator (A02) treatment. Additionally, decreased TEAD-luc activity and expression of markers for cellular growth were associated with AKAP13 inhibitor (A13) treatment, including a reduced expression of the BIRC5 and ANKRD1 (YAP-responsive genes) transcript levels and CTGF protein levels. There were no changes in TEAD-luc with follicle-stimulating hormone treatment, supporting Hippo pathway involvement in the gonadotropin-independent portion of folliculogenesis. CONCLUSION(S) These findings suggest that AKAP13 mediates Hippo-regulated changes in granulosa cell growth via mechanotransduction and pharmacomanipulation. The AKAP13 regulation of the Hippo pathway may represent a potential target for regulation of follicle activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline Yano Maher
- Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland; Children's National Medical Center, Washington, D.C..
| | | | - Ophelia Yin
- David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California
| | | | - Ethan Gough
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Paul Driggers
- Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - James Segars
- Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
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Abstract
In the current study, we aimed to study the effect of miR-146a on proliferation and migration in an in vitro diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) model by targeting A-kinase-anchoring protein 12 (AKAP12). An in vitro DFU model was initially established using HaCaT cells derived from human keratinocytes and induced by advanced glycation end products (AGEs). The effects of overexpression of miR-146a on proliferation and migration ability were analysed. The expression levels of miR-146a and AKAP12 were measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), and AKAP12, hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), Wnt3a and β-catenin protein levels were measured by western blotting. The cell proliferation ability was measured by MTT, and the migration ability was analysed by a cell scratch assay. The binding between miR-146a and AKAP12 was identified using a luciferase reporter assay. The results demonstrated that AGEs significantly suppressed cell proliferation and migration, while the expression of miR-146a decreased and the expression of AKAP12 increased. A luciferase reporter assay revealed that miR-146a could directly target AKAP12. Overexpression of miR-146a promoted cell proliferation and migration in an in vitro DFU model and also promoted the expression of HIF-1α, Wnt3a and β-catenin but suppressed the expression of AKAP12. Co-overexpression of miR-146a and AKAP12 reversed the effect of miR-146a on cell proliferation and migration. Our findings revealed that miR-146a directly targeted AKAP12 and promoted cell proliferation and migration in an in vitro DFU model. This study provides a new perspective for the study of miR-146a in the treatment of DFU.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han-Chong Zhang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan Province, P.R. China
- Emergency Medicine and Difficult Diseases Institute, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan Province, P.R. China
| | - Tie Wen
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan Province, P.R. China
- Emergency Medicine and Difficult Diseases Institute, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan Province, P.R. China
| | - Yu-Zhong Cai
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan Province, P.R. China
- Emergency Medicine and Difficult Diseases Institute, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan Province, P.R. China
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31
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Tripathi A, John AA, Kumar D, Kaushal SK, Singh DP, Husain N, Sarkar J, Singh D. MiR-539-3p impairs osteogenesis by suppressing Wnt interaction with LRP-6 co-receptor and subsequent inhibition of Akap-3 signaling pathway. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:977347. [PMID: 36267566 PMCID: PMC9577939 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.977347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
X-linked hypophosphatemia (XLH), an inheritable form of rickets is caused due to mutation in Phex gene. Several factors are linked to the disease's aetiology, including non-coding RNA molecules (miRNAs), which are key post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression and play a significant role in osteoblast functions. MicroRNAs sequence analysis showed differentially regulated miRNAs in phex silenced osteoblast cells. In this article, we report miR-539-3p, an unidentified novel miRNA, in the functional regulation of osteoblast. MiR-539-3p overexpression impaired osteoblast differentiation. Target prediction algorithm and experimental confirmation by luciferase 3' UTR reporter assay identified LRP-6 as a direct target of miR-539-3p. Over expression of miR-539-3p in osteoblasts down regulated Wnt/beta catenin signaling components and deteriorated trabecular microarchitecture leading to decreased bone formation in ovariectomized (Ovx) mice. Additionally, biochemical bone resorption markers like CTx and Trap-5b were elevated in serum samples of mimic treated group, while, reverse effect was observed in anti-miR treated animals along with increased bone formation marker P1NP. Moreover, transcriptome analysis with miR-539-3p identified a novel uncharacterized Akap-3 gene in osteoblast cells, knock down of which resulted in downregulation of osteoblast differentiation markers at both transcriptional and translational level. Overall, our study for the first time reported the role of miR-539-3p in osteoblast functions and its downstream Akap-3 signalling in regulation of osteoblastogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alok Tripathi
- Division of Endocrinology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Aijaz A. John
- Division of Endocrinology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India
| | - Deepak Kumar
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Division of Cancer Biology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India
| | - Saurabh Kumar Kaushal
- Division of Endocrinology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Devendra Pratap Singh
- Division of Endocrinology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Nazim Husain
- Division of Endocrinology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India
| | - Jayanta Sarkar
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Division of Cancer Biology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India
| | - Divya Singh
- Division of Endocrinology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
- *Correspondence: Divya Singh,
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32
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Byrne DP, Omar MH, Kennedy EJ, Eyers PA, Scott JD. Biochemical Analysis of AKAP-Anchored PKA Signaling Complexes. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2483:297-317. [PMID: 35286684 PMCID: PMC9518671 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2245-2_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Generation of the prototypic second messenger cAMP instigates numerous signaling events. A major intracellular target of cAMP is Protein kinase A (PKA), a Ser/Thr protein kinase. Where and when this enzyme is activated inside the cell has profound implications on the functional impact of PKA. It is now well established that PKA signaling is focused locally into subcellular signaling "islands" or "signalosomes." The A-Kinase Anchoring Proteins (AKAPs) play a critical role in this process by dictating spatial and temporal aspects of PKA action. Genetically encoded biosensors, small molecule and peptide-based disruptors of PKA signaling are valuable tools for rigorous investigation of local PKA action at the biochemical level. This chapter focuses on approaches to evaluate PKA signaling islands, including a simple assay for monitoring the interaction of an AKAP with a tunable PKA holoenzyme. The latter approach evaluates the composition of PKA holoenzymes, in which regulatory subunits and catalytic subunits can be visualized in the presence of test compounds and small-molecule inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominic P Byrne
- Department of Biochemistry and Systems Biology, ISMIB, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Mitchell H Omar
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Eileen J Kennedy
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Patrick A Eyers
- Department of Biochemistry and Systems Biology, ISMIB, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
| | - John D Scott
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
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Walker-Gray R, Pallien T, Miller DC, Oder A, Neuenschwander M, von Kries JP, Diecke S, Klussmann E. Disruptors of AKAP-Dependent Protein-Protein Interactions. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2483:117-139. [PMID: 35286673 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2245-2_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
A-kinase anchoring proteins (AKAPs) are a family of multivalent scaffolding proteins. They engage in direct protein-protein interactions with protein kinases, kinase substrates and further signaling molecules. Each AKAP interacts with a specific set of protein interaction partners and such sets can vary between different cellular compartments and cells. Thus, AKAPs can coordinate signal transduction processes spatially and temporally in defined cellular environments. AKAP-dependent protein-protein interactions are involved in a plethora of physiological processes, including processes in the cardiovascular, nervous, and immune system. Dysregulation of AKAPs and their interactions is associated with or causes widespread diseases, for example, cardiac diseases such as heart failure. However, there are profound shortcomings in understanding functions of specific AKAP-dependent protein-protein interactions. In part, this is due to the lack of agents for specifically targeting defined protein-protein interactions. Peptidic and non-peptidic inhibitors are invaluable molecular tools for elucidating the functions of AKAP-dependent protein-protein interactions. In addition, such interaction disruptors may pave the way to new concepts for the treatment of diseases where AKAP-dependent protein-protein interactions constitute potential drug targets.Here we describe screening approaches for the identification of small molecule disruptors of AKAP-dependent protein-protein interactions. Examples include interactions of AKAP18 and protein kinase A (PKA) and of AKAP-Lbc and RhoA. We discuss a homogenous time-resolved fluorescence (HTRF) and an AlphaScreen® assay for small molecule library screening and human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiac myocytes (hiPSC-CMs) as a cell system for the characterization of identified hits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Walker-Gray
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany
| | - Tamara Pallien
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany
| | - Duncan C Miller
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Oder
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Berlin, Germany
| | | | | | - Sebastian Diecke
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Berlin, Germany
| | - Enno Klussmann
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany.
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Berlin, Germany.
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34
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Zapata-Carmona H, Barón L, Kong M, Morales P. Protein Kinase A (PRKA) Activity Is Regulated by the Proteasome at the Onset of Human Sperm Capacitation. Cells 2021; 10:cells10123501. [PMID: 34944009 PMCID: PMC8700002 DOI: 10.3390/cells10123501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The proteasome increases its activity at the onset of sperm capacitation due to the action of the SACY/PRKACA pathway; this increase is required for capacitation to progress. PRKA activity also increases and remains high during capacitation. However, intracellular levels of cAMP decrease in this process. Our goal was to evaluate the role of the proteasome in regulating PRKA activity once capacitation has started. Viable human sperm were incubated in the presence and absence of epoxomicin or with 0.1% DMSO. The activity of PRKA; the phosphorylation pattern of PRKA substrates (pPRKAs); and the expression of PRKAR1, PRKAR2, and AKAP3 were evaluated by Western blot. The localization of pPRKAs, PRKAR1, PRKAR2, and AKAP3 was evaluated by immunofluorescence. Treatment with epoxomicin changed the localization and phosphorylation pattern and decreased the percentage of pPRKAs-positive sperm. PRKA activity significantly increased at 1 min of capacitation and remained high throughout the incubation. However, epoxomicin treatment significantly decreased PRKA activity after 30 min. In addition, PRKAR1 and AKAP3 were degraded by the proteasome but with a different temporal kinetic. Our results suggest that PRKAR1 is the target of PRKA regulation by the proteasome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Héctor Zapata-Carmona
- Laboratorio de Biología de la Reproducción, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Departamento Biomédico, Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta 1240000, Chile; (H.Z.-C.); (L.B.); (M.K.)
| | - Lina Barón
- Laboratorio de Biología de la Reproducción, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Departamento Biomédico, Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta 1240000, Chile; (H.Z.-C.); (L.B.); (M.K.)
| | - Milene Kong
- Laboratorio de Biología de la Reproducción, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Departamento Biomédico, Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta 1240000, Chile; (H.Z.-C.); (L.B.); (M.K.)
| | - Patricio Morales
- Laboratorio de Biología de la Reproducción, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Departamento Biomédico, Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta 1240000, Chile; (H.Z.-C.); (L.B.); (M.K.)
- Instituto Antofagasta, Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta 1240000, Chile
- Correspondence:
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35
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Maric D, Paterek A, Delaunay M, López IP, Arambasic M, Diviani D. A-Kinase Anchoring Protein 2 Promotes Protection against Myocardial Infarction. Cells 2021; 10:2861. [PMID: 34831084 PMCID: PMC8616452 DOI: 10.3390/cells10112861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) is a leading cause of maladaptive cardiac remodeling and heart failure. In the damaged heart, loss of function is mainly due to cardiomyocyte death and remodeling of the cardiac tissue. The current study shows that A-kinase anchoring protein 2 (AKAP2) orchestrates cellular processes favoring cardioprotection in infarcted hearts. Induction of AKAP2 knockout (KO) in cardiomyocytes of adult mice increases infarct size and exacerbates cardiac dysfunction after MI, as visualized by increased left ventricular dilation and reduced fractional shortening and ejection fraction. In cardiomyocytes, AKAP2 forms a signaling complex with PKA and the steroid receptor co-activator 3 (Src3). Upon activation of cAMP signaling, the AKAP2/PKA/Src3 complex favors PKA-mediated phosphorylation and activation of estrogen receptor α (ERα). This results in the upregulation of ER-dependent genes involved in protection against apoptosis and angiogenesis, including Bcl2 and the vascular endothelial growth factor a (VEGFa). In line with these findings, cardiomyocyte-specific AKAP2 KO reduces Bcl2 and VEGFa expression, increases myocardial apoptosis and impairs the formation of new blood vessels in infarcted hearts. Collectively, our findings suggest that AKAP2 organizes a transcriptional complex that mediates pro-angiogenic and anti-apoptotic responses that protect infarcted hearts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darko Maric
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland; (D.M.); (A.P.); (M.D.); (I.P.L.); (M.A.)
- Section of Medicine, Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Cardiovascular System, University of Fribourg, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Aleksandra Paterek
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland; (D.M.); (A.P.); (M.D.); (I.P.L.); (M.A.)
| | - Marion Delaunay
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland; (D.M.); (A.P.); (M.D.); (I.P.L.); (M.A.)
| | - Irene Pérez López
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland; (D.M.); (A.P.); (M.D.); (I.P.L.); (M.A.)
| | - Miroslav Arambasic
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland; (D.M.); (A.P.); (M.D.); (I.P.L.); (M.A.)
| | - Dario Diviani
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland; (D.M.); (A.P.); (M.D.); (I.P.L.); (M.A.)
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36
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Zhang S, Wang H, Melick CH, Jeong MH, Curukovic A, Tiwary S, Lama-Sherpa TD, Meng D, Servage KA, James NG, Jewell JL. AKAP13 couples GPCR signaling to mTORC1 inhibition. PLoS Genet 2021; 17:e1009832. [PMID: 34673774 PMCID: PMC8570464 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1009832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) senses multiple stimuli to regulate anabolic and catabolic processes. mTORC1 is typically hyperactivated in multiple human diseases such as cancer and type 2 diabetes. Extensive research has focused on signaling pathways that can activate mTORC1 such as growth factors and amino acids. However, less is known about signaling cues that can directly inhibit mTORC1 activity. Here, we identify A-kinase anchoring protein 13 (AKAP13) as an mTORC1 binding protein, and a crucial regulator of mTORC1 inhibition by G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) signaling. GPCRs paired to Gαs proteins increase cyclic adenosine 3’5’ monophosphate (cAMP) to activate protein kinase A (PKA). Mechanistically, AKAP13 acts as a scaffold for PKA and mTORC1, where PKA inhibits mTORC1 through the phosphorylation of Raptor on Ser 791. Importantly, AKAP13 mediates mTORC1-induced cell proliferation, cell size, and colony formation. AKAP13 expression correlates with mTORC1 activation and overall lung adenocarcinoma patient survival, as well as lung cancer tumor growth in vivo. Our study identifies AKAP13 as an important player in mTORC1 inhibition by GPCRs, and targeting this pathway may be beneficial for human diseases with hyperactivated mTORC1. The mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) can sense multiple upstream stimuli to regulate cell growth and metabolism. Increased mTORC1 activation results in many human diseases such as cancer. Small molecules like rapamycin that target and inhibit mTORC1, are available in the clinic with limited success. Thus, decoding the mechanisms involved in mTORC1 regulation is crucial. Most of the research has focused on stimuli that activate mTORC1. Less is known about signaling pathways that can directly inhibit mTORC1 activity. G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) coupled to Gαs proteins signal to and potently inhibit mTORC1. In this study, we have identified AKAP13 to play a crucial role in mTORC1 inhibition by GPCR signaling. Importantly, GPCRs are the largest family of drug targets with many approved FDA compounds. Targeting this signaling pathway may be beneficial for human diseases with hyperactivated mTORC1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shihai Zhang
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America
- Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America
- Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huanyu Wang
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America
- Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America
- Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America
| | - Chase H. Melick
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America
- Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America
- Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America
| | - Mi-Hyeon Jeong
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America
- Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America
- Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America
| | - Adna Curukovic
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America
- Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America
- Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America
| | - Shweta Tiwary
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America
- Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America
- Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America
| | - Tshering D. Lama-Sherpa
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America
- Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America
- Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America
| | - Delong Meng
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America
- Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America
- Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America
| | - Kelly A. Servage
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America
| | - Nicholas G. James
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii, United States of America
| | - Jenna L. Jewell
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America
- Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America
- Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Sanderson JL, Freund RK, Gorski JA, Dell'Acqua ML. β-Amyloid disruption of LTP/LTD balance is mediated by AKAP150-anchored PKA and Calcineurin regulation of Ca 2+-permeable AMPA receptors. Cell Rep 2021; 37:109786. [PMID: 34610314 PMCID: PMC8530450 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Regulated insertion and removal of postsynaptic AMPA glutamate receptors (AMPARs) mediates hippocampal long-term potentiation (LTP) and long-term depression (LTD) synaptic plasticity underlying learning and memory. In Alzheimer’s disease β-amyloid (Aβ) oligomers may impair learning and memory by altering AMPAR trafficking and LTP/LTD balance. Importantly, Ca2+-permeable AMPARs (CP-AMPARs) assembled from GluA1 subunits are excluded from hippocampal synapses basally but can be recruited rapidly during LTP and LTD to modify synaptic strength and signaling. By employing mouse knockin mutations that disrupt anchoring of the kinase PKA or phosphatase Calcineurin (CaN) to the postsynaptic scaffold protein AKAP150, we find that local AKAP-PKA signaling is required for CP-AMPAR recruitment, which can facilitate LTP but also, paradoxically, prime synapses for Aβ impairment of LTP mediated by local AKAP-CaN LTD signaling that promotes subsequent CP-AMPAR removal. These findings highlight the importance of PKA/CaN signaling balance and CP-AMPARs in normal plasticity and aberrant plasticity linked to disease. In Alzheimer’s disease, Aβ oligomers disrupt hippocampal neuronal plasticity and cognition. Sanderson et al. show how the postsynaptic scaffold protein AKAP150 coordinates PKA and Calcineurin regulation of Ca2+-permeable AMPA-type glutamate receptors to mediate disruption of synaptic plasticity by Aβ oligomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L Sanderson
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Ronald K Freund
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Jessica A Gorski
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Mark L Dell'Acqua
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; University of Colorado Alzheimer's and Cognition Center, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Linda Crnic Institute for Down Syndrome, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
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Gopalan J, Omar MH, Roy A, Cruz NM, Falcone J, Jones KN, Forbush KA, Himmelfarb J, Freedman BS, Scott JD. Targeting an anchored phosphatase-deacetylase unit restores renal ciliary homeostasis. eLife 2021; 10:e67828. [PMID: 34250905 PMCID: PMC8291974 DOI: 10.7554/elife.67828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pathophysiological defects in water homeostasis can lead to renal failure. Likewise, common genetic disorders associated with abnormal cytoskeletal dynamics in the kidney collecting ducts and perturbed calcium and cAMP signaling in the ciliary compartment contribute to chronic kidney failure. We show that collecting ducts in mice lacking the A-Kinase anchoring protein AKAP220 exhibit enhanced development of primary cilia. Mechanistic studies reveal that AKAP220-associated protein phosphatase 1 (PP1) mediates this phenotype by promoting changes in the stability of histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) with concomitant defects in actin dynamics. This proceeds through a previously unrecognized adaptor function for PP1 as all ciliogenesis and cytoskeletal phenotypes are recapitulated in mIMCD3 knock-in cells expressing a phosphatase-targeting defective AKAP220-ΔPP1 mutant. Pharmacological blocking of local HDAC6 activity alters cilia development and reduces cystogenesis in kidney-on-chip and organoid models. These findings identify the AKAP220-PPI-HDAC6 pathway as a key effector in primary cilia development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janani Gopalan
- Department of Pharmacology, University of WashingtonSeattleUnited States
| | - Mitchell H Omar
- Department of Pharmacology, University of WashingtonSeattleUnited States
| | - Ankita Roy
- Kidney Research Institute, Division of Nephrology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of WashingtonSeattleUnited States
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of WashingtonSeattleUnited States
| | - Nelly M Cruz
- Kidney Research Institute, Division of Nephrology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of WashingtonSeattleUnited States
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of WashingtonSeattleUnited States
| | - Jerome Falcone
- Department of Pharmacology, University of WashingtonSeattleUnited States
| | - Kiana N Jones
- Department of Pharmacology, University of WashingtonSeattleUnited States
| | | | - Jonathan Himmelfarb
- Kidney Research Institute, Division of Nephrology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of WashingtonSeattleUnited States
| | - Benjamin S Freedman
- Kidney Research Institute, Division of Nephrology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of WashingtonSeattleUnited States
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of WashingtonSeattleUnited States
| | - John D Scott
- Department of Pharmacology, University of WashingtonSeattleUnited States
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Banerjee TD, Reihl K, Swain M, Torres M, Dagda RK. Mitochondrial PKA Is Neuroprotective in a Cell Culture Model of Alzheimer's Disease. Mol Neurobiol 2021; 58:3071-3083. [PMID: 33624140 PMCID: PMC8260456 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-021-02333-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by progressive memory loss and cognitive decline. In hippocampal neurons, the pathological features of AD include the accumulation of extracellular amyloid-beta peptide (Aβ) accompanied by oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and neuron loss. A decrease in neuroprotective Protein Kinase A (PKA) signaling contributes to mitochondrial fragmentation and neurodegeneration in AD. By associating with the protein scaffold Dual-Specificity Anchoring Protein 1 (D-AKAP1), PKA is targeted to mitochondria to promote mitochondrial fusion by phosphorylating the fission modulator dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1). We hypothesized that (1) a decrease in the endogenous level of endogenous D-AKAP1 contributes to decreased PKA signaling in mitochondria and that (2) restoring PKA signaling in mitochondria can reverse neurodegeneration and mitochondrial fragmentation in neurons in AD models. Through immunohistochemistry, we showed that endogenous D-AKAP1, but not other mitochondrial proteins, is significantly reduced in primary neurons treated with Aβ42 peptide (10μM, 24 h), and in the hippocampus and cortex from asymptomatic and symptomatic AD mice (5X-FAD). Transiently expressing wild-type, but not a PKA-binding deficient mutant of D-AKAP1, was able to reduce mitochondrial fission, dendrite retraction, and apoptosis in primary neurons treated with Aβ42. Mechanistically, the protective effects of D-AKAP1/PKA are moderated through PKA-mediated phosphorylation of Drp1, as transiently expressing a PKA phosphomimetic mutant of Drp1 (Drp1-S656D) phenocopies D-AKAP1's ability to reduce Aβ42-mediated apoptosis and mitochondrial fission. Overall, our data suggest that a loss of D-AKAP1/PKA contributes to mitochondrial pathology and neurodegeneration in an in vitro cell culture model of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tania Das Banerjee
- Department of Pharmacology, Reno School of Medicine, University of Nevada, Reno, NV, 89557, USA
| | - Kelly Reihl
- Department of Pharmacology, Reno School of Medicine, University of Nevada, Reno, NV, 89557, USA
| | - Maryann Swain
- Department of Pharmacology, Reno School of Medicine, University of Nevada, Reno, NV, 89557, USA
| | - Mariana Torres
- Department of Pharmacology, Reno School of Medicine, University of Nevada, Reno, NV, 89557, USA
| | - Ruben K Dagda
- Department of Pharmacology, Reno School of Medicine, University of Nevada, Reno, NV, 89557, USA.
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Kar P, Lin YP, Bhardwaj R, Tucker CJ, Bird GS, Hediger MA, Monico C, Amin N, Parekh AB. The N terminus of Orai1 couples to the AKAP79 signaling complex to drive NFAT1 activation by local Ca 2+ entry. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:e2012908118. [PMID: 33941685 PMCID: PMC8126794 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2012908118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
To avoid conflicting and deleterious outcomes, eukaryotic cells often confine second messengers to spatially restricted subcompartments. The smallest signaling unit is the Ca2+ nanodomain, which forms when Ca2+ channels open. Ca2+ nanodomains arising from store-operated Orai1 Ca2+ channels stimulate the protein phosphatase calcineurin to activate the transcription factor nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT). Here, we show that NFAT1 tethered directly to the scaffolding protein AKAP79 (A-kinase anchoring protein 79) is activated by local Ca2+ entry, providing a mechanism to selectively recruit a transcription factor. We identify the region on the N terminus of Orai1 that interacts with AKAP79 and demonstrate that this site is essential for physiological excitation-transcription coupling. NMR structural analysis of the AKAP binding domain reveals a compact shape with several proline-driven turns. Orai2 and Orai3, isoforms of Orai1, lack this region and therefore are less able to engage AKAP79 and activate NFAT. A shorter, naturally occurring Orai1 protein that arises from alternative translation initiation also lacks the AKAP79-interaction site and fails to activate NFAT1. Interfering with Orai1-AKAP79 interaction suppresses cytokine production, leaving other Ca2+ channel functions intact. Our results reveal the mechanistic basis for how a subtype of a widely expressed Ca2+ channel is able to activate a vital transcription pathway and identify an approach for generation of immunosuppressant drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pulak Kar
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, Oxford University, Oxford OX1 3PT, United Kingdom
| | - Yu-Ping Lin
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, Oxford University, Oxford OX1 3PT, United Kingdom
- Laboratory of Signal Transduction, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709
| | - Rajesh Bhardwaj
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Hospital Bern, Inselspital, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Charles J Tucker
- Laboratory of Signal Transduction, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709
| | - Gary S Bird
- Laboratory of Signal Transduction, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709
| | - Matthias A Hediger
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Hospital Bern, Inselspital, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Carina Monico
- Micron Oxford Advanced Bioimaging Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Oxford University, Oxford OX1 3QU, United Kingdom
| | - Nader Amin
- Department of Chemistry, Oxford University, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Anant B Parekh
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, Oxford University, Oxford OX1 3PT, United Kingdom;
- Laboratory of Signal Transduction, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709
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Wang B, Jiang B, Li Y, Dai Y, Li P, Li L, Xu J, Li L, Wu P. AKAP2 overexpression modulates growth plate chondrocyte functions through ERK1/2 signaling. Bone 2021; 146:115875. [PMID: 33571699 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2021.115875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 01/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
In our previous study, the mutation c.2645A > C (p. E882A) was found in the A-Kinase Anchoring Protein 2 (AKAP2) gene, which plays an important role in regulating the development of the skeletal system; however, the specific effect of AKAP2 on chondrocyte proliferation and differentiation and the potential mechanism are still not clear. In the present study, we investigated the effect of AKAP2 in vitro. We successfully isolated human growth plate chondrocytes (GPCs) from growth plate cartilage tissues and identified GPCs by aggrecan expression and flow cytometric analysis. AKAP2 overexpression significantly promoted GPC proliferation, enhanced GPC differentiation, and promoted extracellular matrix (ECM) synthesis, whereas AKAP2 silencing exerted the opposite effects on GPCs. AKAP2 overexpression increased, while AKAP2 silencing decreased, the protein levels of p-extracellular regulated protein kinases (ERK)1/2. More importantly, the promotive effects of AKAP2 overexpression on GPC proliferation, differentiation, and ECM synthesis were significantly reversed by the ERK1/2 signaling antagonist U0126, suggesting that AKAP2 enhances GPC functions through ERK1/2 signaling. In conclusion, we demonstrate AKAP2 overexpression-induced enhancement of GPC functions through ERK1/2 signaling. Considering the critical role of GPC functions in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) pathogenesis, the application of AKAP2 targeting in AIS treatment should be investigated in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Wang
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, China
| | - Bin Jiang
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, China
| | - Yawei Li
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, China.
| | - Yuliang Dai
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, China
| | - Pengzhi Li
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, China
| | - Lei Li
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, China
| | - Jietao Xu
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, China
| | - Pengfei Wu
- Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, China
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Tenner B, Getz M, Ross B, Ohadi D, Bohrer CH, Greenwald E, Mehta S, Xiao J, Rangamani P, Zhang J. Spatially compartmentalized phase regulation of a Ca 2+-cAMP-PKA oscillatory circuit. eLife 2020; 9:e55013. [PMID: 33201801 PMCID: PMC7671691 DOI: 10.7554/elife.55013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Signaling networks are spatiotemporally organized to sense diverse inputs, process information, and carry out specific cellular tasks. In β cells, Ca2+, cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), and Protein Kinase A (PKA) exist in an oscillatory circuit characterized by a high degree of feedback. Here, we describe a mode of regulation within this circuit involving a spatial dependence of the relative phase between cAMP, PKA, and Ca2+. We show that in mouse MIN6 β cells, nanodomain clustering of Ca2+-sensitive adenylyl cyclases (ACs) drives oscillations of local cAMP levels to be precisely in-phase with Ca2+ oscillations, whereas Ca2+-sensitive phosphodiesterases maintain out-of-phase oscillations outside of the nanodomain. Disruption of this precise phase relationship perturbs Ca2+ oscillations, suggesting the relative phase within an oscillatory circuit can encode specific functional information. This work unveils a novel mechanism of cAMP compartmentation utilized for localized tuning of an oscillatory circuit and has broad implications for the spatiotemporal regulation of signaling networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian Tenner
- Department of Biophysics and Biophysical Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreUnited States
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San DiegoLa JollaUnited States
| | - Michael Getz
- Chemical Engineering Graduate Program, University of California, San DiegoLa JollaUnited States
| | - Brian Ross
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San DiegoLa JollaUnited States
| | - Donya Ohadi
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California, San DiegoLa JollaUnited States
| | - Christopher H Bohrer
- Department of Biophysics and Biophysical Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreUnited States
| | - Eric Greenwald
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San DiegoLa JollaUnited States
| | - Sohum Mehta
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San DiegoLa JollaUnited States
| | - Jie Xiao
- Department of Biophysics and Biophysical Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreUnited States
| | - Padmini Rangamani
- Chemical Engineering Graduate Program, University of California, San DiegoLa JollaUnited States
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California, San DiegoLa JollaUnited States
| | - Jin Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San DiegoLa JollaUnited States
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San DiegoLa JollaUnited States
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Prada MP, Syed AU, Reddy GR, Martín-Aragón Baudel M, Flores-Tamez VA, Sasse KC, Ward SM, Sirish P, Chiamvimonvat N, Bartels P, Dickson EJ, Hell JW, Scott JD, Santana LF, Xiang YK, Navedo MF, Nieves-Cintrón M. AKAP5 complex facilitates purinergic modulation of vascular L-type Ca 2+ channel Ca V1.2. Nat Commun 2020; 11:5303. [PMID: 33082339 PMCID: PMC7575592 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-18947-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The L-type Ca2+ channel CaV1.2 is essential for arterial myocyte excitability, gene expression and contraction. Elevations in extracellular glucose (hyperglycemia) potentiate vascular L-type Ca2+ channel via PKA, but the underlying mechanisms are unclear. Here, we find that cAMP synthesis in response to elevated glucose and the selective P2Y11 agonist NF546 is blocked by disruption of A-kinase anchoring protein 5 (AKAP5) function in arterial myocytes. Glucose and NF546-induced potentiation of L-type Ca2+ channels, vasoconstriction and decreased blood flow are prevented in AKAP5 null arterial myocytes/arteries. These responses are nucleated via the AKAP5-dependent clustering of P2Y11/ P2Y11-like receptors, AC5, PKA and CaV1.2 into nanocomplexes at the plasma membrane of human and mouse arterial myocytes. Hence, data reveal an AKAP5 signaling module that regulates L-type Ca2+ channel activity and vascular reactivity upon elevated glucose. This AKAP5-anchored nanocomplex may contribute to vascular complications during diabetic hyperglycemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Paz Prada
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Arsalan U Syed
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Gopireddy R Reddy
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | | | | | | | - Sean M Ward
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Nevada Reno, Reno, NV, 89557, USA
| | - Padmini Sirish
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Nipavan Chiamvimonvat
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
- VA Northern California Healthcare System, Mather, CA, 95655, USA
| | - Peter Bartels
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Eamonn J Dickson
- Department of Physiology and Membrane Biology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Johannes W Hell
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - John D Scott
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington Seattle, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Luis F Santana
- Department of Physiology and Membrane Biology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Yang K Xiang
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
- VA Northern California Healthcare System, Mather, CA, 95655, USA
| | - Manuel F Navedo
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
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Abstract
Regulatory enzymes often have different roles in distinct subcellular compartments. Yet, most drugs indiscriminately saturate the cell. Thus, subcellular drug-delivery holds promise as a means to reduce off-target pharmacological effects. A-kinase anchoring proteins (AKAPs) sequester combinations of signaling enzymes within subcellular microdomains. Targeting drugs to these 'signaling islands' offers an opportunity for more precise delivery of therapeutics. Here, we review mechanisms that bestow protein kinase A (PKA) versatility inside the cell, appraise recent advances in exploiting AKAPs as platforms for precision pharmacology, and explore the impact of methodological innovations on AKAP research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitchell H Omar
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - John D Scott
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA.
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Bucko PJ, Garcia I, Manocha R, Bhat A, Wordeman L, Scott JD. Gravin-associated kinase signaling networks coordinate γ-tubulin organization at mitotic spindle poles. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:13784-13797. [PMID: 32732289 PMCID: PMC7535905 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra120.014791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitogenic signals that regulate cell division often proceed through multienzyme assemblies within defined intracellular compartments. The anchoring protein Gravin restricts the action of mitotic kinases and cell-cycle effectors to defined mitotic structures. In this report we discover that genetic deletion of Gravin disrupts proper accumulation and asymmetric distribution of γ-tubulin during mitosis. We utilize a new precision pharmacology tool, Local Kinase Inhibition, to inhibit the Gravin binding partner polo-like kinase 1 at spindle poles. Using a combination of gene-editing approaches, quantitative imaging, and biochemical assays, we provide evidence that disruption of local polo-like kinase 1 signaling underlies the γ-tubulin distribution defects observed with Gravin loss. Our study uncovers a new role for Gravin in coordinating γ-tubulin recruitment during mitosis and illuminates the mechanism by which signaling enzymes regulate this process at a distinct subcellular location.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula J Bucko
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Irvin Garcia
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Ridhima Manocha
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Akansha Bhat
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Linda Wordeman
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - John D Scott
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.
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Kato H, Ogasawara J, Takakura H, Shirato K, Sakurai T, Kizaki T, Izawa T. Exercise Training-Enhanced Lipolytic Potency to Catecholamine Depends on the Time of the Day. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21186920. [PMID: 32967199 PMCID: PMC7554872 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21186920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Exercise training is well known to enhance adipocyte lipolysis in response to hormone challenge. However, the existence of a relationship between the timing of exercise training and its effect on adipocyte lipolysis is unknown. To clarify this issue, Wistar rats were run on a treadmill for 9 weeks in either the early part (E-EX) or late part of the active phase (L-EX). L-EX rats exhibited greater isoproterenol-stimulated lipolysis expressed as fold induction over basal lipolysis, with greater protein expression levels of hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) phosphorylated at Ser 660 compared to E-EX rats. Furthermore, we discovered that Brain and muscle Arnt-like (BMAL)1 protein can associate directly with several protein kinase A (PKA) regulatory units (RIα, RIβ, and RIIβ) of protein kinase, its anchoring protein (AKAP)150, and HSL, and that the association of BMAL1 with the regulatory subunits of PKA, AKAP150, and HSL was greater in L-EX than in E-EX rats. In contrast, comparison between E-EX and their counterpart sedentary control rats showed a greater co-immunoprecipitation only between BMAL1 and ATGL. Thus, both E-EX and L-EX showed an enhanced lipolytic response to isoproterenol, but the mechanisms underlying exercise training-enhanced lipolytic response to isoproterenol were different in each group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisashi Kato
- Organization for Research Initiatives and Development, Doshisha University, 1-3 Tatara-Miyakodani, Kyotanabe City, Kyoto 610-0394, Japan;
- Faculty of Health and Sports Science, Doshisha University, 1-3 Tatara-Miyakodani, Kyotanabe City, Kyoto 610-0394, Japan;
| | - Junetsu Ogasawara
- Department of Health Science, Asahikawa Medical University, 2-1-1-1 Midorigaoka-Higashi, Asahikawa, Hokkaido 078-8510, Japan;
| | - Hisashi Takakura
- Faculty of Health and Sports Science, Doshisha University, 1-3 Tatara-Miyakodani, Kyotanabe City, Kyoto 610-0394, Japan;
| | - Ken Shirato
- Department of Molecular Predictive Medicine and Sport Science, Kyorin University of School Medicine, 6-20-2 Shinkawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8611, Japan; (K.S.); (T.S.); (T.K.)
| | - Takuya Sakurai
- Department of Molecular Predictive Medicine and Sport Science, Kyorin University of School Medicine, 6-20-2 Shinkawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8611, Japan; (K.S.); (T.S.); (T.K.)
| | - Takako Kizaki
- Department of Molecular Predictive Medicine and Sport Science, Kyorin University of School Medicine, 6-20-2 Shinkawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8611, Japan; (K.S.); (T.S.); (T.K.)
| | - Tetsuya Izawa
- Faculty of Health and Sports Science, Doshisha University, 1-3 Tatara-Miyakodani, Kyotanabe City, Kyoto 610-0394, Japan;
- Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Doshisha University, 1-3 Tatara-Miyakodani, Kyotanabe City, Kyoto 610-0394, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-424-65-6721; Fax: +81-424-65-6729
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Schoenherr C, Byron A, Griffith B, Loftus A, Wills JC, Munro AF, von Kriegsheim A, Frame MC. The autophagy protein Ambra1 regulates gene expression by supporting novel transcriptional complexes. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:12045-12057. [PMID: 32616651 PMCID: PMC7443501 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra120.012565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ambra1 is considered an autophagy and trafficking protein with roles in neurogenesis and cancer cell invasion. Here, we report that Ambra1 also localizes to the nucleus of cancer cells, where it has a novel nuclear scaffolding function that controls gene expression. Using biochemical fractionation and proteomics, we found that Ambra1 binds to multiple classes of proteins in the nucleus, including nuclear pore proteins, adaptor proteins such as FAK and Akap8, chromatin-modifying proteins, and transcriptional regulators like Brg1 and Atf2. We identified biologically important genes, such as Angpt1, Tgfb2, Tgfb3, Itga8, and Itgb7, whose transcription is regulated by Ambra1-scaffolded complexes, likely by altering histone modifications and Atf2 activity. Therefore, in addition to its recognized roles in autophagy and trafficking, Ambra1 scaffolds protein complexes at chromatin, regulating transcriptional signaling in the nucleus. This novel function for Ambra1, and the specific genes impacted, may help to explain the wider role of Ambra1 in cancer cell biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Schoenherr
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Adam Byron
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Billie Griffith
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Alexander Loftus
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Jimi C Wills
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Alison F Munro
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Alex von Kriegsheim
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Margaret C Frame
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.
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Gabrovsek L, Collins KB, Aggarwal S, Saunders LM, Lau HT, Suh D, Sancak Y, Trapnell C, Ong SE, Smith FD, Scott JD. A-kinase-anchoring protein 1 (dAKAP1)-based signaling complexes coordinate local protein synthesis at the mitochondrial surface. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:10749-10765. [PMID: 32482893 PMCID: PMC7397098 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra120.013454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Compartmentalization of macromolecules is a ubiquitous molecular mechanism that drives numerous cellular functions. The appropriate organization of enzymes in space and time enables the precise transmission and integration of intracellular signals. Molecular scaffolds constrain signaling enzymes to influence the regional modulation of these physiological processes. Mitochondrial targeting of protein kinases and protein phosphatases provides a means to locally control the phosphorylation status and action of proteins on the surface of this organelle. Dual-specificity protein kinase A anchoring protein 1 (dAKAP1) is a multivalent binding protein that targets protein kinase A (PKA), RNAs, and other signaling enzymes to the outer mitochondrial membrane. Many AKAPs recruit a diverse set of binding partners that coordinate a broad range of cellular processes. Here, results of MS and biochemical analyses reveal that dAKAP1 anchors additional components, including the ribonucleoprotein granule components La-related protein 4 (LARP4) and polyadenylate-binding protein 1 (PABPC1). Local translation of mRNAs at organelles is a means to spatially control the synthesis of proteins. RNA-Seq data demonstrate that dAKAP1 binds mRNAs encoding proteins required for mitochondrial metabolism, including succinate dehydrogenase. Functional studies suggest that the loss of dAKAP1-RNA interactions reduces mitochondrial electron transport chain activity. Hence, dAKAP1 plays a previously unappreciated role as a molecular interface between second messenger signaling and local protein synthesis machinery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Gabrovsek
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Kerrie B Collins
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Stacey Aggarwal
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Lauren M Saunders
- Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Ho-Tak Lau
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Danny Suh
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Yasemin Sancak
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Cole Trapnell
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Shao-En Ong
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - F Donelson Smith
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - John D Scott
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
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F. Riesco M, Anel-Lopez L, Neila-Montero M, Palacin-Martinez C, Montes-Garrido R, Alvarez M, de Paz P, Anel L. ProAKAP4 as Novel Molecular Marker of Sperm Quality in Ram: An Integrative Study in Fresh, Cooled and Cryopreserved Sperm. Biomolecules 2020; 10:E1046. [PMID: 32674525 PMCID: PMC7408074 DOI: 10.3390/biom10071046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
To improve artificial insemination protocols in ovine species it is crucial to optimize sperm quality evaluation after preservation technologies. Emerging technologies based on novel biomolecules and related to redox balance and proteins involved in sperm motility such as ProAKAP4 could be successfully applied in ram sperm evaluation. In this work, a multiparametric analysis of fresh, cooled, and cryopreserved ram sperm was performed at different complexity levels. Samples were evaluated in terms of motility (total motility, progressive motility, and curvilinear velocity), viability, apoptosis, content of reactive oxygen species, oxidation‒reduction potential, and ProAKAP4 expression and concentration. As expected, cryopreserved samples showed a significant decrease of sperm quality (p < 0.05), evidencing different freezability classes among samples that were detected by ProAKAP4 analyses. However, in cooled sperm no differences were found concerning motility, viability, apoptosis, ROS content, and redox balance compared to fresh sperm that could explain the reported decrease in fertility rates. However, although the proportion of sperm ProAKAP4 positive-cells remained unaltered in cooled sperm compared to fresh control, the concentration of this protein significantly decreased (p < 0.05) in cooled samples. This altered protein level could contribute to the decrease in fertility rates of cooled samples detected by some authors. More importantly, ProAKAP4 can be established as a promising diagnostic parameter of sperm quality allowing us to optimize sperm conservation protocols and finally improve artificial insemination in ovine species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta F. Riesco
- Itra-ULE, INDEGSAL, University of León, 24071 León, Spain; (M.F.R.); (M.N.-M.); (C.P.-M.); (R.M.-G.); (M.A.); (P.d.P.); (L.A.)
- Cellular Biology, Department of Molecular Biology, University of León, 24071 León, Spain
| | - Luis Anel-Lopez
- Itra-ULE, INDEGSAL, University of León, 24071 León, Spain; (M.F.R.); (M.N.-M.); (C.P.-M.); (R.M.-G.); (M.A.); (P.d.P.); (L.A.)
- Anatomy, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Surgery and Anatomy, University of León, 24071 León, Spain
| | - Marta Neila-Montero
- Itra-ULE, INDEGSAL, University of León, 24071 León, Spain; (M.F.R.); (M.N.-M.); (C.P.-M.); (R.M.-G.); (M.A.); (P.d.P.); (L.A.)
- Animal Reproduction and Obstetrics, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Surgery and Anatomy, University of León, 24071 León, Spain
| | - Cristina Palacin-Martinez
- Itra-ULE, INDEGSAL, University of León, 24071 León, Spain; (M.F.R.); (M.N.-M.); (C.P.-M.); (R.M.-G.); (M.A.); (P.d.P.); (L.A.)
- Animal Reproduction and Obstetrics, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Surgery and Anatomy, University of León, 24071 León, Spain
| | - Rafael Montes-Garrido
- Itra-ULE, INDEGSAL, University of León, 24071 León, Spain; (M.F.R.); (M.N.-M.); (C.P.-M.); (R.M.-G.); (M.A.); (P.d.P.); (L.A.)
- Animal Reproduction and Obstetrics, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Surgery and Anatomy, University of León, 24071 León, Spain
| | - Mercedes Alvarez
- Itra-ULE, INDEGSAL, University of León, 24071 León, Spain; (M.F.R.); (M.N.-M.); (C.P.-M.); (R.M.-G.); (M.A.); (P.d.P.); (L.A.)
- Animal Reproduction and Obstetrics, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Surgery and Anatomy, University of León, 24071 León, Spain
| | - Paulino de Paz
- Itra-ULE, INDEGSAL, University of León, 24071 León, Spain; (M.F.R.); (M.N.-M.); (C.P.-M.); (R.M.-G.); (M.A.); (P.d.P.); (L.A.)
- Cellular Biology, Department of Molecular Biology, University of León, 24071 León, Spain
| | - Luis Anel
- Itra-ULE, INDEGSAL, University of León, 24071 León, Spain; (M.F.R.); (M.N.-M.); (C.P.-M.); (R.M.-G.); (M.A.); (P.d.P.); (L.A.)
- Animal Reproduction and Obstetrics, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Surgery and Anatomy, University of León, 24071 León, Spain
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Qi B, He L, Zhao Y, Zhang L, He Y, Li J, Li C, Zhang B, Huang Q, Xing J, Li F, Li Y, Ji L. Akap1 deficiency exacerbates diabetic cardiomyopathy in mice by NDUFS1-mediated mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis. Diabetologia 2020; 63:1072-1087. [PMID: 32072193 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-020-05103-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Diabetic cardiomyopathy, characterised by increased oxidative damage and mitochondrial dysfunction, contributes to the increased risk of heart failure in individuals with diabetes. Considering that A-kinase anchoring protein 121 (AKAP1) is localised in the mitochondrial outer membrane and plays key roles in the regulation of mitochondrial function, this study aimed to investigate the role of AKAP1 in diabetic cardiomyopathy and explore its underlying mechanisms. METHODS Loss- and gain-of-function approaches were used to investigate the role of AKAP1 in diabetic cardiomyopathy. Streptozotocin (STZ) was injected into Akap1-knockout (Akap1-KO) mice and their wild-type (WT) littermates to induce diabetes. In addition, primary neonatal cardiomyocytes treated with high glucose were used as a cell model of diabetes. Cardiac function was assessed with echocardiography. Akap1 overexpression was conducted by injecting adeno-associated virus 9 carrying Akap1 (AAV9-Akap1). LC-MS/MS analysis and functional experiments were used to explore underlying molecular mechanisms. RESULTS AKAP1 was downregulated in the hearts of STZ-induced diabetic mouse models. Akap1-KO significantly aggravated cardiac dysfunction in the STZ-treated diabetic mice when compared with WT diabetic littermates, as evidenced by the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF; STZ-treated WT mice [WT/STZ] vs STZ-treated Akap1-KO mice [KO/STZ], 51.6% vs 41.6%). Mechanistically, Akap1 deficiency impaired mitochondrial respiratory function characterised by reduced ATP production. Additionally, Akap1 deficiency increased cardiomyocyte apoptosis via enhanced mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Furthermore, immunoprecipitation and mass spectrometry analysis indicated that AKAP1 interacted with the NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase 75 kDa subunit (NDUFS1). Specifically, Akap1 deficiency inhibited complex I activity by preventing translocation of NDUFS1 from the cytosol to mitochondria. Akap1 deficiency was also related to decreased ATP production and enhanced mitochondrial ROS-related apoptosis. In contrast, restoration of AKAP1 expression in the hearts of STZ-treated diabetic mice promoted translocation of NDUFS1 to mitochondria and alleviated diabetic cardiomyopathy in the LVEF (WT/STZ injected with adeno-associated virus carrying gfp [AAV9-gfp] vs WT/STZ AAV9-Akap1, 52.4% vs 59.6%; KO/STZ AAV9-gfp vs KO/STZ AAV9-Akap1, 42.2% vs 57.6%). CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Our study provides the first evidence that Akap1 deficiency exacerbates diabetic cardiomyopathy by impeding mitochondrial translocation of NDUFS1 to induce mitochondrial dysfunction and cardiomyocyte apoptosis. Our findings suggest that Akap1 upregulation has therapeutic potential for myocardial injury in individuals with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingchao Qi
- Department of Cardiology, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 1 Xinsi Road, Xi'an, 710038, China
| | - Linjie He
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ya Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
- Laboratory Animal Center, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 169 Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Yuanfang He
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Congye Li
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 169 Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Qichao Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jinliang Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Fei Li
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 169 Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, China.
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Cardiology, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 1 Xinsi Road, Xi'an, 710038, China.
| | - Lele Ji
- Experimental Teaching Center of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, 169 Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, China.
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