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Xu L, Che S, Chen H, Liu Q, Shi J, Jin J, Hou Y. PPARγ agonist inhibits c-Myc-mediated colorectal cancer tumor immune escape. J Cell Biochem 2023; 124:1145-1154. [PMID: 37393598 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.30437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
As a master transcription factor, c-Myc plays an important role in promoting tumor immune escape. In addition, PPARγ (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ) regulates cell metabolism, inflammation, and tumor progression, while the effect of PPARγ on c-Myc-mediated tumor immune escape is still unclear. Here we found that cells treated with PPARγ agonist pioglitazone (PIOG) reduced c-Myc protein expression in a PPARγ-dependent manner. qPCR analysis showed that PIOG had no significant effect on c-Myc gene levels. Further analysis showed that PIOG decreased c-Myc protein half-life. Moreover, PIOG increased the binding of c-Myc to PPARγ, and induced c-Myc ubiquitination and degradation. Importantly, c-Myc increased PD-L1 and CD47 immune checkpoint protein expression and promoted tumor immune escape, while PIOG inhibited this event. These findings suggest that PPARγ agonist inhibited c-Myc-mediated tumor immune escape by inducing its ubiquitination and degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liuqian Xu
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Wujin Hospital, Jiangsu University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Suning Che
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Huiqing Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Liu
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Wujin Hospital, Jiangsu University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
- Department of Oncology, Wujin Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Juanjuan Shi
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianhua Jin
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Wujin Hospital, Jiangsu University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
- Department of Oncology, Wujin Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongzhong Hou
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Wujin Hospital, Jiangsu University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
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Xu L, Liu Y, Chen X, Zhong H, Wang Y. Ferroptosis in life: To be or not to be. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 159:114241. [PMID: 36634587 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a novel type of programmed cell death, characterized by a dysregulated iron metabolism and accumulation of lipid peroxides. It features the alteration of mitochondria and aberrant accumulation of excessive iron as well as loss of the cysteine-glutathione-GPX4 axis. Eventually, the accumulated lipid peroxides result in lethal damage to the cells. Ferroptosis is induced by the overloading of iron and the accumulation of ROS and can be inhibited by the activation of the GPX4 pathway, FS1-CoQ10 pathway, GCH1-BH4 pathway, and the DHODH pathway, it is also regulated by the oncogenes and tumor suppressors. Ferroptosis involves various physiological and pathological processes, and increasing evidence indicates that ferroptosis play a critical role in cancers and other diseases. It inhibits the proliferation of malignant cells in various types of cancers and inducing ferroptosis may become a new method of cancer treatment. Many inhibitors targeting the key factors of ferroptosis such as SLC7A11, GPX4, and iron overload have been developed. The application of ferroptosis is mainly divided into two directions, i.e. to avoid ferroptosis in healthy cells and selectively induce ferroptosis in cancers. In this review, we provide a critical analysis of the concept, and regulation pathways of ferroptosis and explored its roles in various diseases, we also summarized the compounds targeting ferroptosis, aiming to promote the speed of clinical use of ferroptosis induction in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Xu
- Department of Internal Medicine of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200120, China.
| | - Yu'e Liu
- Tongji University Cancer Center, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.
| | - Xi Chen
- Xi Chen, Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Hua Zhong
- Cancer Epidemiology Division, Population Sciences in the Pacific Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, USA 96813
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
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Yang L, Zheng Y, Miao YM, Yan WX, Geng YZ, Dai Y, Wei ZF. Bergenin, a PPARγ agonist, inhibits Th17 differentiation and subsequent neutrophilic asthma by preventing GLS1-dependent glutaminolysis. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2022; 43:963-976. [PMID: 34267342 PMCID: PMC8975945 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-021-00717-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Bergenin is a natural PPARγ agonist that can prevent neutrophil aggregation, and often be used in clinics for treating respiratory diseases. Recent data show that Th17 cells are important for neutrophil aggregation and asthma through secreting IL-17A. In this study, we investigated the effects of bergenin on Th17 differentiation in vitro and subsequent neutrophilic asthma in mice. Naïve T cells isolated from mouse mesenteric lymph nodes were treated with IL-23, TGF-β, and IL-6 to induce Th17 differentiation. We showed that in naïve T cells under Th17-polarizing condition, the addition of bergenin (3, 10, 30 μM) concentration-dependently decreased the percentage of CD4+ IL-17A+ T cells and mRNA expression of specific transcription factor RORγt, and function-related factors IL-17A/F, IL-21, and IL-22, but did not affect the cell vitality and apoptosis. Furthermore, bergenin treatment prevented GLS1-dependent glutaminolysis in the progress of Th17 differentiation, slightly affected the levels of SLC1A5, SLC38A1, GLUD1, GOT1, and GPT2. Glutamine deprivation, the addition of glutamate (1 mM), α-ketoglutarate (1 mM), or GLS1 plasmid all significantly attenuated the above-mentioned actions of bergenin. Besides, we demonstrated that bergenin (3, 10, and 30 μM) concentration-dependently activated PPARγ in naïve T cells, whereas PPARγ antagonist GW9662 and siPPARγ abolished bergenin-caused inhibition on glutaminolysis and Th17 differentiation. Furthermore, we revealed that bergenin inhibited glutaminolysis by regulating the level of CDK1, phosphorylation and degradation of Cdh1, and APC/C-Cdh1-mediated ubiquitin-proteasomal degradation of GLS1 after activating PPARγ. We demonstrated a correlation existing among bergenin-affected GLS1-dependent glutaminolysis, PPARγ, "CDK1-APC/C-Cdh1" signaling, and Th17 differentiation. Finally, the therapeutic effect and mechanisms for bergenin-inhibited Th17 responses and neutrophilic asthma were confirmed in a mouse model of neutrophilic asthma by administration of GW9662 or GLS1 overexpression plasmid in vivo. In conclusion, bergenin repressed Th17 differentiation and then alleviated neutrophilic asthma in mice by inhibiting GLS1-dependent glutaminolysis via regulating the "CDK1-APC/C-Cdh1" signaling after activating PPARγ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Yang
- grid.254147.10000 0000 9776 7793Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009 China
| | - Yun Zheng
- grid.254147.10000 0000 9776 7793Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009 China
| | - Yu-meng Miao
- grid.254147.10000 0000 9776 7793Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009 China
| | - Wen-xin Yan
- grid.254147.10000 0000 9776 7793Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009 China
| | - Yan-zhi Geng
- grid.254147.10000 0000 9776 7793Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009 China
| | - Yue Dai
- grid.254147.10000 0000 9776 7793Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009 China
| | - Zhi-feng Wei
- grid.254147.10000 0000 9776 7793Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009 China
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Kim MJ, Choi YK, Park SY, Jang SY, Lee JY, Ham HJ, Kim BG, Jeon HJ, Kim JH, Kim JG, Lee IK, Park KG. PPARδ Reprograms Glutamine Metabolism in Sorafenib-Resistant HCC. Mol Cancer Res 2017; 15:1230-1242. [DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-17-0061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Revised: 04/25/2017] [Accepted: 05/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Wan X, Wang S, Xu J, Zhuang L, Xing K, Zhang M, Zhu X, Wang L, Gao P, Xi Q, Sun J, Zhang Y, Li T, Shu G, Jiang Q. Dietary protein-induced hepatic IGF-1 secretion mediated by PPARγ activation. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0173174. [PMID: 28257428 PMCID: PMC5336265 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0173174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2016] [Accepted: 02/16/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Dietary protein or amino acid (AA) is a crucial nutritional factor to regulate hepatic insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) expression and secretion. However, the underlying intracellular mechanism by which dietary protein or AA induces IGF-1 expression remains unknown. We compared the IGF-1 gene expression and plasma IGF-1 level of pigs fed with normal crude protein (CP, 20%) and low-protein levels (LP, 14%). RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) was performed to detect transcript expression in the liver in response to dietary protein. The results showed that serum concentrations and mRNA levels of IGF-1 in the liver were higher in the CP group than in the LP group. RNA-seq analysis identified a total of 1319 differentially expressed transcripts (667 upregulated and 652 downregulated), among which the terms “oxidative phosphorylation”, “ribosome”, “gap junction”, “PPAR signaling pathway”, and “focal adhesion” were enriched. In addition, the porcine primary hepatocyte and HepG2 cell models also demonstrated that the mRNA and protein levels of IGF-1 and PPARγ increased with the increasing AA concentration in the culture. The PPARγ activator troglitazone increased IGF-1 gene expression and secretion in a dose dependent manner. Furthermore, inhibition of PPARγ effectively reversed the effects of the high AA concentration on the mRNA expression of IGF-1 and IGFBP-1 in HepG2 cells. Moreover, the protein levels of IGF-1 and PPARγ, as well as the phosphorylation of mTOR, significantly increased in HepG2 cells under high AA concentrations. mTOR phosphorylation can be decreased by the mTOR antagonist, rapamycin. The immunoprecipitation results also showed that high AA concentrations significantly increased the interaction of mTOR and PPARγ. In summary, PPARγ plays an important role in the regulation of IGF-1 secretion and gene expression in response to dietary protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojuan Wan
- College of Animal Science and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Songbo Wang
- College of Animal Science and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingren Xu
- College of Animal Science and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lu Zhuang
- College of Animal Science and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kongping Xing
- College of Animal Science and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mengyuan Zhang
- College of Animal Science and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaotong Zhu
- College of Animal Science and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lina Wang
- College of Animal Science and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ping Gao
- College of Animal Science and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qianyun Xi
- College of Animal Science and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiajie Sun
- College of Animal Science and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yongliang Zhang
- College of Animal Science and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tiejun Li
- Key Laboratory of Subtropical Agro-ecology, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
| | - Gang Shu
- College of Animal Science and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qingyan Jiang
- College of Animal Science and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- * E-mail:
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