circATP2A2 promotes osteosarcoma progression by upregulating MYH9

Circ_0022587 Regulates Tumor Properties of Human Breast Cancer Cells by Targeting miR-335-5p/Phosphoglycerate Kinase 1 Pathway

Increasing research indicates that circular RNAs (circRNAs) affect the development of breast cancer (BC) through specific molecular mechanisms. However, there is no data regarding the role of circ_0022587 in BC progression. This investigation aims to reveal the mechanism of circ_0022587 in regulating the malignant progression of BC. The study recruited 27 BC patients undergoing a surgical operation in Nantong First People's Hospital, Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and RNase R degradation assay were used to verify the circular structure of circ_0022587. 3-(4,5-Dimethylthazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide, 5-Ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine, flow cytometry analysis, transwell and tube formation assays were used to detect the viability, proliferation, apoptosis, invasion and tumor angiogenesis of BC cells, respectively. Glycolysis was evaluated by glycolysis metabolism assays. The associations among miR-335-5p, circ_0022587 and phosphoglycerate kinase 1 (PGK1) were identified by dual-luciferase reporter assays and RNA immunoprecipitation. The effects of circ_0022587 knockdown on tumor growth were evaluated by xenograft nude mouse model assays. The positive expression rates of PGK1, nuclear proliferation marker and matrix metalloprotein 9 were analyzed by immunohistochemistry assays. The results showed that circ_0022587 expression was upregulated in BC tumor tissues and BC cells. Downregulation of circ_0022587 inhibited cell viability, proliferation, invasion ability, tube angiogenesis and glycolysis, and promoted cell apoptosis. Overexpression of circ_0022587 relieved the effect of glycolysis inhibitor (2-Deoxy-D-glucose, 2-DG) on glucose consumption, lactate production, and ATP/ADP ratios. In addition, circ_0022587 interacted with miR-335-5p, and miR-335-5p inhibitors attenuated circ_0022587 silencing-induced effects in BC cells. miR-335-5p bound to PGK1, and PGK1 overexpression relieved miR-335-5p mimics-induced effects in BC cells. Further, circ_0022587 knockdown inhibited tumor formation in vivo. The above results demonstrate that circ_0022587 regulates PGK1 expression by absorbing miR-335-5p, thereby affecting BC development, which may provide a new therapeutic strategy for BC. The study's novelty and innovative potential lie in its discovery of a new regulatory mechanism involving circ_0022587 in the miR-335-5p/PGK1 pathway and its potential clinical relevance. These aspects contribute to the expanding knowledge base of breast cancer research and could potentially lead to improved therapeutic strategies in the future.

Unveiling the enigmatic role of MYH9 in tumor biology: a comprehensive review

Non-muscle myosin heavy chain IIA (MYH9), a member of the non-muscle myosin II (NM II) family, is widely expressed in cells. The interaction of MYH9 with actin in the cytoplasm can hydrolyze ATP, completing the conversion of chemical energy to mechanical motion. MYH9 participates in various cellular processes, such as cell adhesion, migration, movement, and even signal transduction. Mutations in MYH9 are often associated with autosomal dominant platelet disorders and kidney diseases. Over the past decade, tumor-related research has gradually revealed a close relationship between MYH9 and the occurrence and development of tumors. This article provides a review of the research progress on the role of MYH9 in cancer regulation. We also discussed the anti-cancer effects of MYH9 under special circumstances, as well as its regulation of T cell function. In addition, given the importance of MYH9 as a key hub in oncogenic signal transduction, we summarize the current therapeutic strategies targeting MYH9 as well as the ongoing challenges.

CircRNAs: A promising target for intervention regarding glycolysis in gastric cancer

Gastric cancer is characterized by a high incidence and mortality rate, with therapeutic efficacy currently constrained by substantial limitations. Aerobic glycolysis in cancer constitutes a pivotal aspect of the reprogramming of energy metabolism in tumor cells and profoundly influences the malignant progression of cancer. CircRNAs, serving as stable endogenous RNA, have been shown to regulate downstream targets by sponging miRNAs, which in turn are involved in the regulation of multiple malignant behaviors in a variety of cancers through the CircRNA-miRNA axis, suggesting that CircRNAs could be used as potential therapeutic targets for cancer. In recent years, it has been shown that some CircRNAs can be involved in the regulation of GC glycolysis, therefore, this paper summarizes the notable roles of some important CircRNAs in the regulation of GC glycolysis in recent years, which may be useful for our understanding of GC progression and the development of new therapeutic strategies.

Research progress on the role of lncRNA, circular RNA, and microRNA networks in regulating ferroptosis in osteosarcoma

Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) do not participate in protein-coding. Ferroptosis is a newly discovered form of cell death mediated by reactive oxygen species and lipid peroxidation. Recent studies have shown that ncRNAs such as microRNAs, long noncoding RNAs, circular RNAs, and ferroptosis are involved in the occurrence and development of osteosarcoma (OS). Studies have confirmed that ncRNAs participate in the development of OS by regulating the ferroptosis. However, systematic summary on this topic are still lacking. This review summarises the potential role of ncRNAs in the diagnosis, treatment, drug resistance, and prognosis of OS and the basis for diagnosing, preventing, and treating clinical OS and developing effective drugs. This review summarises the latest research progress on ncRNAs that regulate ferroptosis in OS, attempts to clarify the molecular mechanisms by which ncRNAs regulate ferroptosis in the pathogenesis of OS, and elaborates on the involvement of ferroptosis in OS from the perspective of ncRNAs.

Non-coding RNAs in metabolic reprogramming of bone and soft tissue sarcoma: Fundamental mechanism and clinical implication

Sarcomas, comprising approximately 1% of human malignancies, show a poor response to treatment and easy recurrence. Metabolic reprogramming play an important role in tumor development in sarcomas. Accumulating evidence shows that non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) participate in regulating the cellular metabolism of sarcomas, which improves the understanding of the development of therapy-resistant tumors. This review addresses the regulatory roles of metabolism-related ncRNAs and their implications for sarcoma initiation and progression. Dysregulation of metabolism-related ncRNAs is common in sarcomas and is associated with poor survival. Emerging studies show that abnormal expression of metabolism-related ncRNAs affects cellular metabolism, including glucose, lipid, and mitochondrial metabolism, and leads to the development of aggressive sarcomas. This review summarizes recent advances in the roles of dysregulated metabolism-related ncRNAs in sarcoma development and stemness and describes their potential to serve as biological biomarkers for disease diagnosis and prognosis prediction, as well as therapeutic targets for treating refractory sarcomas.

Caudatin Inhibits the Proliferation, Invasion, and Glycolysis of Osteosarcoma Cells via the Wnt/β- Catenin Pathway

Background

Caudatin is a steroidal glycoside with reported anticancer activity in a variety of studies. Nevertheless, the role and mechanisms of caudatin in osteosarcoma (OS) remain unclear. In this study, we explored the potential anticancer effects of caudatin in OS cells and investigated the underlying mechanisms.

Methods

Both the CCK8 proliferation assay and flow cytometry were employed to evaluate cell proliferation and apoptosis. A transwell assay was applied to determine cell invasion ability. Besides, glycolytic capacity was examined by measuring glucose consumption, lactic acid production, as well as ATP production. A western blot was utilized to assess the protein levels of β-catenin, CyclinD 1, C-myc, HK2 (Hexokinase 2), LDHA (lactate dehydrogenase), as well as epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related markers. The inhibitory effect of caudatin on tumor growth was investigated using a xenograft tumorigenesis model.

Results

Caudatin restrained cellular glycolysis, suppressed cell proliferation and invasion by reducing HK2 and LDHA expression and regulating the Wnt/β-Catenin signaling pathway. Caudatin treatment caused the upregulation of E-cadherin and suppressed N-cadherin expression. Further, caudatin treatment impaired cell viability, invasion ability, and intracellular glycolysis level but induced apoptosis. The administration of BML 284 reversed the inhibitory effects of caudatin. Moreover, caudatin suppressed the tumorigenesis of OS cells in the xenograft model of nude mice.

Conclusions

Our study revealed the anticancer effects of caudatin, including proliferation inhibition, cell invasion suppression, and glycolysis impairment. These effects seem to be executed through targeting the Wnt/β-Catenin signaling pathway. These data indicate that caudatin may be formulated as a potential therapeutic for osteosarcoma.

The roles of glycolysis in osteosarcoma

Metabolic reprogramming is of great significance in the progression of various cancers and is critical for cancer progression, diagnosis, and treatment. Cellular metabolic pathways mainly include glycolysis, fat metabolism, glutamine decomposition, and oxidative phosphorylation. In cancer cells, reprogramming metabolic pathways is used to meet the massive energy requirement for tumorigenesis and development. Metabolisms are also altered in malignant osteosarcoma (OS) cells. Among reprogrammed metabolisms, alterations in aerobic glycolysis are key to the massive biosynthesis and energy demands of OS cells to sustain their growth and metastasis. Numerous studies have demonstrated that compared to normal cells, glycolysis in OS cells under aerobic conditions is substantially enhanced to promote malignant behaviors such as proliferation, invasion, metastasis, and drug resistance of OS. Glycolysis in OS is closely related to various oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes, and numerous signaling pathways have been reported to be involved in the regulation of glycolysis. In recent years, a vast number of inhibitors and natural products have been discovered to inhibit OS progression by targeting glycolysis-related proteins. These potential inhibitors and natural products may be ideal candidates for the treatment of osteosarcoma following hundreds of preclinical and clinical trials. In this article, we explore key pathways, glycolysis enzymes, non-coding RNAs, inhibitors, and natural products regulating aerobic glycolysis in OS cells to gain a deeper understanding of the relationship between glycolysis and the progression of OS and discover novel therapeutic approaches targeting glycolytic metabolism in OS.

Expression of the Circadian Clock Gene ARNTL associated with DNA repair gene and prognosis of patient with osteosarcoma

PURPOSE

The study objects were to explore the correlation between the biological role of clock genes and clinical indicators in patients with osteosarcoma (OS).

METHODS

We acquired the clinical information and RNA sequencing data of OS samples from the TARGET database. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) network and expression correlation analysis of clock genes were performed. Then, the functional enrichment analysis of clock genes was analyzed. The survival analysis of clock genes in patients of OS was carried out by univariate cox regression, Kaplan-Meier (KM) curve and multivariate cox regression methods. Moreover, the spearmen correlation analysis was performed to explore the correlation between clock genes and DNA repair genes in patients with OS.

RESULTS

The PPI network and expression correlation analysis of clock genes indicated that the clock genes were highly correlated with each other. The survival analysis of clock genes found that clock gene ARNTL is a protective factor for the prognosis of patients with OS. We found that ARNTL was positively related to DNA repair genes and was involved in the biological process of DNA damage repair in patients with OS.

CONCLUSIONS

ARNTL may affect the prognosis and chemotherapy response of patients with OS by regulating DNA repair pathways.