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Chen CF, Chuang CY, Wang CC, Liu SA, Chang HW, Chan KH. Lower Repetition Induces Similar Postactivation Performance Enhancement to Repetition Maximum After a Single Set of Heavy-Resistance Exercise. J Strength Cond Res 2024; 38:848-855. [PMID: 38039426 PMCID: PMC11042524 DOI: 10.1519/jsc.0000000000004711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Chen, C-F, Chuang, C-Y, Wang, C-C, Liu, S-A, Chang, H-W, and Chan, K-H. Lower repetition induces similar postactivation performance enhancement to repetition maximum after a single set of heavy-resistance exercise. J Strength Cond Res 38(5): 848-855, 2024-The study was divided into 2 parts to investigate the acute postactivation performance enhancement (PAPE) responses to lower repetitions at the same load of 87% 1 repetition maximum (1RM) in the upper and lower body. In part 1, 14 athletes performed plyometric push-up (PPU) after the conditioning activity (CA) of bench press (BP). In part 2, 13 athletes performed a countermovement jump (CMJ) after the CA of parallel squat (PS). Subjects completed 3, 4, or 5 repetitions (trials CA-3, CA-4, or CA-5) of BP or PS in randomized and counterbalanced order. The velocity of each movement of the trial was recorded. The PPU or CMJ was tested every 2 minutes after the trial up to 12 minutes to assess the Post-Max and optimal individual PAPE time. The mean velocity of the last movement of BP in CA-5 was significantly lower than that in CA-3 (0.23 ± 0.06 vs. 0.28 ± 0.06 m·second -1 , p < 0.05), and the velocity of PS in CA-4 or CA-5 was significantly lower than that in CA-3 (0.53 ± 0.07 and 0.50 ± 0.05 vs. 0.57 ± 0.07 m·second -1 , p < 0.05). The peak force of PPU and jump height of CMJ at Post-Max in the 3 trials were significantly greater than those at Pre ( p < 0.05). There were no significant differences among trials in the optimal individual PAPE times in either part of the study. A single set of 87% 1RM resistance exercises with 3 or 4 repetitions in both the upper body and the lower body induces similar PAPE to repetition maximum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Feei Chen
- Graduate Institute of Athletics and Coaching Science, National Taiwan Sport University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Office of General Affairs, University of Taipei, Taipei City, Taiwan; and
| | - Chih-Yuan Chuang
- Graduate Institute of Athletics and Coaching Science, National Taiwan Sport University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Chi Wang
- Physical Education Office, National Taipei University of Business, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shin-An Liu
- Graduate Institute of Athletics and Coaching Science, National Taiwan Sport University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Wen Chang
- Graduate Institute of Athletics and Coaching Science, National Taiwan Sport University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Kuei-Hui Chan
- Graduate Institute of Athletics and Coaching Science, National Taiwan Sport University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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Tooth C, Schwartz C, Ann C, Croisier JL, Gofflot A, Stephen B, Forthomme B. Upper limb functional testing in athletes: A Delphi study. Shoulder Elbow 2024; 16:89-99. [PMID: 38425736 PMCID: PMC10901172 DOI: 10.1177/17585732221101880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Background Functional testing has recently become more and more popular to assess athletes, both for injury prevention, as well as in an objective of performance. However, the relationship between the results of these tests and performances (or injuries) or their interpretation remains unclear. Objective The aim of this study is to explore the usefulness, the characteristics, and the interpretation of the most frequently used upper-limb functional test. Methods Twenty-two experts with an excellent knowledge of upper limb functional tests and an expertise in sports medicine and/or sports training of at least 5 years were recruited. They answered to qualitative and quantitative questions about functional testing trough structured questionnaires (online). Results Four rounds were needed to reach a consensus about the usefulness as well as the characteristics of each test. Different sports-specific batteries of tests were also suggested by the experts and reached consensus. However, concerning the interpretation of the test, a consensus was only found for half of the tests considered. Conclusion The current study summarizes the characteristics and the usefulness of the most popular upper-limb functional tests. However, the interpretation of some tests will have to be further explored since no consensus was found for them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille Tooth
- LAM-Motion Lab-Université de Liège, Liège, Belgium
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | | | - Cools Ann
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Ghent University, Campus UZ Gent, Gent, Belgium
| | - Jean-Louis Croisier
- LAM-Motion Lab-Université de Liège, Liège, Belgium
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Amandine Gofflot
- LAM-Motion Lab-Université de Liège, Liège, Belgium
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Bornheim Stephen
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Bénédicte Forthomme
- LAM-Motion Lab-Université de Liège, Liège, Belgium
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
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dos Santos IA, Bertochi GFA, Higino WP, Papoti M, Puggina EF. The Percentage of Total and Regional Fat Is Negatively Correlated with Performance in Judo. Sports (Basel) 2023; 11:168. [PMID: 37755845 PMCID: PMC10535556 DOI: 10.3390/sports11090168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the associations between total and regional body composition with performance in the special judo fitness test (SJFT), as well as strength and power tests (countermovement vertical jump-CMJ, squat jump-SJ, plyometric push-up-PPU, and force push-up-FPU). Twenty-three high-level judo athletes participated in this study. Initially, they underwent dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, after which they performed the CMJ, SJ, PPU, and FPU tests. On another day, the SJFT was carried out. Correlations were tested using Pearson's test. The performance in the SJFT was correlated with the total and arm %fat mass (r = -0.759), torso fat mass (r = -0.802), torso %fat mass (r = -0.822) and in the lower limb regions with the leg fat mass (r = -0.803) and leg %fat (r = -0.745). In the strength and power tests, there were also negative correlations observed between regional fat and performance. There was a negative correlation between the percentage of total fat and performance in the SJFT (r = -0.824), SJ (r = -0.750), CMJ (r = -0.742), PPU (r = -0.609), and FPU (r = -0.736). Fat, both total fat and regional fat in the arms, torso, and legs, is strongly correlated with a poor performance in the SJFT and poor strength and power.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izabela Aparecida dos Santos
- Graduate Program in Rehabilitation and Functional Performance, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-900, Brazil; (I.A.d.S.); (G.F.A.B.)
| | - Gabriel Felipe Arantes Bertochi
- Graduate Program in Rehabilitation and Functional Performance, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-900, Brazil; (I.A.d.S.); (G.F.A.B.)
| | - Wonder Passoni Higino
- Federal Institute of Education Science and Technology of the South of Minas Gerais, Muzambinho 37890-000, Brazil;
| | - Marcelo Papoti
- School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-900, Brazil;
| | - Enrico Fuini Puggina
- Graduate Program in Rehabilitation and Functional Performance, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-900, Brazil; (I.A.d.S.); (G.F.A.B.)
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Kardor S, Gorji Z, Ghotbi N, Attarbashi-Moghadam B, Shadmehr A, Gorji M. Upper extremity physical performance tests in female overhead athletes: a test-retest reliability study. J Orthop Surg Res 2023; 18:489. [PMID: 37424003 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-023-03974-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Despite the studies that have investigated the reliability of Upper Extremity Functional Tests(UEFTs), the reliability of Closed Kinetic Chain Upper Extremity Stability(CKCUES), Seated Medicine Ball Throw(SMBT), push-up(PU) and Unilateral Seated Shot Put(USSP) tests in overhead athletes has yet to be assessed. The objective of this study was to determine both the relative and absolute test-retest reliability of the four UEFTs in female overhead athletes. METHODS Twenty-nine female overhead athletes (age: 26.6 ± 5.29 years) underwent the four UEFTs twice within a three- day interval. The upper limb stability was assessed through PU and CKCUES tests, while the power was assessed though SMBT and USSP tests. The Intraclass Correlation of Coefficient (ICC) was applied to assess the relative reliability. Absolute reliability was determined by calculating the Standard Error of Measurement (SEM) and the Minimal Detectable Change (MDC). Furthermore, Bland-Altman plots were used to detect the agreements between the two measurements. RESULTS The relative reliability of PU, CKCUES, SMBT, and non-dominant arm USSP tests was excellent (ICC = 0.83, 0.80, 0.91, and 0.83, respectively). SEM was within a range of 1.69 to 1.72 for stability tests and a range of 13.61 to 52.12 for power (based on a 95% confidence interval). The MDC was 4.68 for PU and 4.75 for CKCUES test. At least four repetitions are needed to be considered a real improvement on PU and CKCUES tests. This value was 144.04, in SMBT and 59.03, 37.62 cm (dominant and non-dominant arm, respectively) in USSP tests, which represents the minimum change that must occur to be considered an athlete's progression. CONCLUSION This study revealed that both the upper limb stability and power tests have acceptable relative and absolute intra-rater reliability in female overhead athletes. These can be considered as reliable tools in research and clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Kardor
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Gorji
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nastaran Ghotbi
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | | | - Azadeh Shadmehr
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mona Gorji
- Skin Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Sha Z, Dai B. The validity of using one force platform to quantify whole-body forces, velocities, and power during a plyometric push-up. BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil 2021; 13:103. [PMID: 34462003 PMCID: PMC8406610 DOI: 10.1186/s13102-021-00330-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Background Previous studies have typically measured velocity and power parameters during the push-up, either using one or two force platforms. The purpose of the study was to compare the force, velocity, and power parameters between the one-force-platform method and the two-force-platform method during plyometric push-ups. Methods Thirty-four physically active young adults participated in the study to perform the plyometric push-up. For the two-force-platform calculation method, the forces applied to the feet and hands were both measured. For the one-force-platform calculation method, the forces applied to the feet were assumed to be constant, while the forces applied to hands were measured by one force platform. Whole-body linear velocities were calculated based on the impulse and momentum theorem. Whole-body power was calculated as the product of the whole-body forces and velocities. Results The one-force-platform method overestimated the whole-body velocities and power compared with the two-force-platform method (1.39 ± 0.37 m/s vs. 0.90 ± 0.23 m/s, Cohen’s d = 1.59, p < 0.05; 1.63 ± 0.47 W/body weight vs. 1.03 ± 0.29 W/body weight, Cohen’s d = 1.49, p < 0.05). These differences were caused by the decreased forces applied to the feet compared to the initial value throughout most of the push-up phase. Large to perfect correlations (r = 0.55 – 0.99) were found for most variables between the two-force-platform and one-force-platform methods. Previous findings of push-up velocities and power using the two-force-platform and one-force-platform methods should be compared with caution. While the two-force-platform method is recommended, linear regression equations may be used to predict velocities and power parameters obtained from one force platform. Conclusions For those professionals who need to accurately quantify kinetic variables during the plyometric push-up, the two-force-platform method should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanxin Sha
- School of Kinesiology and Nutrition, College of Education and Human Sciences, The University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS, USA.
| | - Boyi Dai
- Division of Kinesiology and Health, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, USA
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