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Kalva-Filho CA, Andrade VL, Garcia CG, Barbieri RA, da Silva HS, Dos-Santos JW, Papoti M. 3-min All-out Test to Evaluate Aerobic and Anaerobic Indexes in Court Team Sports. Int J Sports Med 2024; 45:316-322. [PMID: 37935408 DOI: 10.1055/a-2205-9108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to test the reproducibility of the 3-min all-out effort applied using shuttle running and compare its values to aerobic parameters. On the first day, 14 futsal players underwent an exhaustive test to determine the maximal incremental speed (MIS) and anaerobic threshold (AnT). On the second day, the participants performed the 3-min all-out effort (n=14), which was repeated after 48 h (third day) to test its reproducibility (n=11). Peak oxygen consumption (V̇ O2PEAK) and peak blood lactate concentrations ([La-]) were determined from 3-min all-out efforts performed through a 20-m shuttle run on the official court. The distance covered, mean speed, and critical speed (CS) during the 3-min all-out presented direct relationships with aerobic parameters determined through the incremental test (r>0.62). The distance covered above CS (D') presented a direct relationship with peak lactate concentrations induced by a 3-min all-out effort (r=0.81). Despite the acceptable levels of reproducibility observed for most of the 3-min all-out variables, the minimal detectable change for D' was high (72%). Our results demonstrated the potential use of mean speed to evaluate aerobic fitness. However, the applicability of the 3-min all-out shuttle run test to monitor training adaptations should be avoided, at least in nonexperienced athletes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Augusto Kalva-Filho
- Human Movement Research Laboratory (MOVI-LAB), Graduate Program in Movement Science, São Paulo State University School of Sciences, Bauru-SP, Brazil
| | - Vitor Luiz Andrade
- Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho Campus de Rio Claro, Rio Claro, Brazil
| | - Cynthia Giovana Garcia
- School of Physical Education and Sports of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | | | - Henrique Santos da Silva
- Laboratory and Research Group on Physiology Applied to Sports Training (FITES), Department of Physical Education, São Paulo State University, School of Sciences, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Julio Wilson Dos-Santos
- Laboratory and Research Group on Physiology Applied to Sports Training (FITES), Department of Physical Education, São Paulo State University, School of Sciences, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Papoti
- School of Physical Education and Sports of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
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Soares de Araujo L, Marostegan AB, Menezes Scariot PP, Bordon Orsi J, Cirino C, Papoti M, Gobatto CA, Manchado-Gobatto FB. Inspiratory muscles pre-activation in young swimmers submitted to a tethered swimming test: effects on mechanical, physiological, and skin temperature parameters. Sci Rep 2024; 14:5975. [PMID: 38472356 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-52312-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Inspiratory muscles pre-activation (IMPA) has been studied to improve subsequent performance in swimming. However, the effects of IMPA on various parameters in swimmers are still unknown. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effects of IMPA on the mechanical parameters, physiological responses, and their possible correlations with swimming performance. A total of 14 young swimmers (aged 16 ± 0 years) underwent a 30-s all-out tethered swimming test, preceded or not by IMPA, a load of 40% of the maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP), and with a volume of 2 sets of 15 repetitions. The mechanical (strength, impulse, and fatigue index) and physiological parameters (skin temperature and lactatemia) and the assessment of perceived exertion and dyspnea were monitored in both protocols. The IMPA used did not increase the swimming force, and skin temperature, decrease blood lactate concentration, or subjective perception of exertion and dyspnea after the high-intensity tethered swimming exercises. Positive correlations were found between mean force and blood lactate (without IMPA: r = 0.62, P = 0.02; with IMPA: r = 0.65, P = 0.01). The impulse was positively correlated with blood lactate (without IMPA: r = 0.71, P < 0.01; with IMPA: r = 0.56, P = 0.03). Our results suggest that new IMPA protocols, possibly with increased volume, should be developed in order to improve the performance of young swimmers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Soares de Araujo
- Laboratory of Applied Sport Physiology, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Pedro Zaccaria Street, 1.300, Jardim Santa Luíza, Limeira, SP, 13484-350, Brazil
| | - Anita Brum Marostegan
- Laboratory of Applied Sport Physiology, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Pedro Zaccaria Street, 1.300, Jardim Santa Luíza, Limeira, SP, 13484-350, Brazil
| | - Pedro Paulo Menezes Scariot
- Laboratory of Applied Sport Physiology, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Pedro Zaccaria Street, 1.300, Jardim Santa Luíza, Limeira, SP, 13484-350, Brazil
| | - Juan Bordon Orsi
- Laboratory of Applied Sport Physiology, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Pedro Zaccaria Street, 1.300, Jardim Santa Luíza, Limeira, SP, 13484-350, Brazil
| | - Carolina Cirino
- Laboratory of Applied Sport Physiology, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Pedro Zaccaria Street, 1.300, Jardim Santa Luíza, Limeira, SP, 13484-350, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Papoti
- Study and Research Group in Physiological Sciences and Exercise, School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Claudio Alexandre Gobatto
- Laboratory of Applied Sport Physiology, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Pedro Zaccaria Street, 1.300, Jardim Santa Luíza, Limeira, SP, 13484-350, Brazil
| | - Fúlvia Barros Manchado-Gobatto
- Laboratory of Applied Sport Physiology, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Pedro Zaccaria Street, 1.300, Jardim Santa Luíza, Limeira, SP, 13484-350, Brazil.
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Putti GM, Costa GP, Norberto MS, de Carvalho CD, Bertuzzi RCDM, Papoti M. Use of Inter-Effort Recovery Hypoxia as a New Approach to Improve Anaerobic Capacity and Time to Exhaustion. High Alt Med Biol 2024; 25:68-76. [PMID: 38193767 DOI: 10.1089/ham.2023.0096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Putti, Germano Marcolino, Gabriel Peinado Costa, Matheus Silva Norberto, Carlos Dellavechia de Carvalho, Rômulo Cássio de Moraes Bertuzzi, and Marcelo Papoti. Use of inter-effort recovery hypoxia as a new approach to improve anaerobic capacity and time to exhaustion. High Alt Med Biol. 25:68-76, 2024. Background: Although adding hypoxia to high-intensity training may offer some benefits, a significant problem of this training model is the diminished quality of the training session when performing efforts in hypoxia. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of training and tapering combined with inter-effort recovery hypoxia (IEH) on anaerobic capacity, as estimated by alternative maximum accumulated oxygen deficit (MAODALT) and time to exhaustion (TTE). Methods: Twenty-four amateur runners performed, for 5 weeks, 3 sessions per week of training consisted of ten 1-minute bouts at 120% (weeks 1-3) and 130% (weeks 4 and 5) of maximum velocity (VMAX) obtained in graded exercise test, separated by a 2-minute interval in IEH (IEH, n = 11, FIO2 = 0.136) or normoxia (NOR, n = 13, fraction of inspired oxygen = 0.209). Before training, after training, and after 1 week of tapering, a graded exercise test and a maximal effort to exhaustion at 120% of VMAX were performed to determine TTE and MAODALT. The results were analyzed using generalized linear mixed models, and a clinical analysis was also realized by the smallest worthwhile change. Results: MAODALT increased only in IEH after training (0.8 ± 0.5 eq.lO2) and tapering (0.8 ± 0.5 eq.lO2), with time x group interaction. TTE increased for the pooled groups after taper (23 ± 11 seconds) and only for IEH alone (29 ± 16 seconds). Clinical analysis revealed a small size increase for NOR and a moderate size increase for IEH. Conclusions: Although the effects should be investigated in other populations, it can be concluded that IEH is a promising model for improving anaerobic performance and capacity. World Health Organization Universal Trial Number: U1111-1295-9954. University's ethics committee registration number: CAAE: 32220020.0.0000.5659.
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Affiliation(s)
- Germano Marcolino Putti
- Escola de Educação Física e Esporte de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Peinado Costa
- Escola de Educação Física e Esporte de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
| | - Matheus Silva Norberto
- Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
| | | | | | - Marcelo Papoti
- Escola de Educação Física e Esporte de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
- Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
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Bertucci DR, de Carvalho CD, Scariot PPM, Kalva-Filho CA, Luches-Pereira G, Arruda TB, Alves IS, Gardim CB, Castiglia M, Riberto M, Gobatto CA, Papoti M. Four-week experimental plus 1-week taper period using live high train low does not alter muscle glycogen content. Eur J Appl Physiol 2024:10.1007/s00421-023-05404-z. [PMID: 38231229 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-023-05404-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effects of a 4-week live high train low (LHTL; FiO2 ~ 13.5%), intervention, followed by a tapering phase, on muscle glycogen concentration. Fourteen physically active males (28 ± 6 years, 81.6 ± 15.4 kg, 179 ± 5.2 cm) were divided into a control group (CON; n = 5), and the group that performed the LHTL, which was exposed to hypoxia (LHTL; n = 9). The subjects trained using a one-legged knee extension exercise, which enabled four experimental conditions: leg training in hypoxia (TLHYP); leg control in hypoxia (CLHYP, n = 9); leg trained in normoxia (TLNOR, n = 5), and leg control in normoxia (CLNOR, n = 5). All participants performed 18 training sessions lasting between 20 and 45 min [80-200% of intensity corresponding to the time to exhaustion (TTE) reached in the graded exercise test]. Additionally, participants spent approximately 10 h day-1 in either a normobaric hypoxic environment (14.5% FiO2; ~ 3000 m) or a control condition (i.e., staying in similar tents on ~ 530 m). Thereafter, participants underwent a taper protocol consisting of six additional training sessions with a reduced training load. SpO2 was lower, and the hypoxic dose was higher in LHTL compared to CON (p < 0.001). After 4 weeks, glycogen had increased significantly only in the TLNOR and TLHYP groups and remained elevated after the taper (p < 0.016). Time to exhaustion in the LHTL increased after both the 4-week training period and the taper compared to the baseline (p < 0.001). Although the 4-week training promoted substantial increases in muscle glycogen content, TTE increased in LHTL condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danilo R Bertucci
- Triângulo Mineiro Federal University (UFTM), Av. Frei Paulino, nº 30, Abadia, Uberaba, MG, Brazil
| | - Carlos Dellavechia de Carvalho
- Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Avenida Bandeirantes, 3900, Vila Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Prêto, SP, Brazil.
| | - Pedro P M Scariot
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, State University of Campinas (FCA-UNICAMP), R. Pedro Zaccaria, 1300, Limeira, SP, Brazil
| | - Carlos A Kalva-Filho
- Human Movement Research Laboratory (MOVI-LAB), São Paulo State University (UNESP), Av. Eng. Luiz Edmundo C. Coube, nº 14-01, Núcleo Habitacional Presidente Geisel, Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Luches-Pereira
- School of Physical Education and Sports of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (EEFERP-USP), Avenida Bandeirantes, 3900, Vila Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Tarine B Arruda
- Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Avenida Bandeirantes, 3900, Vila Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Prêto, SP, Brazil
| | - Isabela S Alves
- School of Physical Education and Sports of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (EEFERP-USP), Avenida Bandeirantes, 3900, Vila Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Camila B Gardim
- Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Avenida Bandeirantes, 3900, Vila Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Prêto, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Castiglia
- Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Avenida Bandeirantes, 3900, Vila Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Prêto, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Riberto
- Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Avenida Bandeirantes, 3900, Vila Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Prêto, SP, Brazil
| | - Claudio Alexandre Gobatto
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, State University of Campinas (FCA-UNICAMP), R. Pedro Zaccaria, 1300, Limeira, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Papoti
- Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Avenida Bandeirantes, 3900, Vila Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Prêto, SP, Brazil
- School of Physical Education and Sports of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (EEFERP-USP), Avenida Bandeirantes, 3900, Vila Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
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Kalva-Filho CA, Faria MH, Papoti M, Barbieri FA. Acute and cumulative effects of hypoxia exposure in people with Parkinson's disease: A scoping review and evidence map. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2024; 118:105885. [PMID: 37872033 DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2023.105885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Hypoxia exposure may promote neuroprotection for people with Parkinson's disease (PwPD). However, to implement hypoxia in practical settings and direct future research, it is necessary to organize the current knowledge about hypoxia responses/effects in PwPD. Thus, the present scoping review elucidates the evidence about hypoxia exposure applied to PwPD. Following the PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews, papers were searched in PubMed/NCBI, Web of Science, and Scopus (descriptors: Parkinson and hypoxia, mountain, or altitude). We included original articles published in English until August 12, 2023. Eight studies enrolled participants with early to moderate stages of disease. Acute responses demonstrated that PwPD exposed to normobaric hypoxia presented lower hypoxia ventilatory responses (HVR), perceptions of dyspnea, and sympathetic activations. Cumulative exposure to hypobaric hypoxia (living high; 7 days; altitude not reported) induced positive effects on motor symptoms (hypokinesia) and perceptions of PwPD (quality of life and living with illness). Normobaric hypoxia (isocapnic rebreathe, 14 days, three times/day of 5-7 min at 8-10 % of O2) improved HVR. The included studies reported no harmful effects. Although these results demonstrate the effectiveness and safety of hypoxia exposure applied to PwPD, we also discuss the methodological limitations of the selected experimental design (no randomized controlled trials), the characterization of the hypoxia doses, and the range of symptoms investigated. Thus, despite the safety of both normobaric hypoxia and hypobaric hypoxia for early to moderate levels of disease, the current literature is still incipient, limiting the use of hypoxia exposure in practical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos A Kalva-Filho
- Human Movement Research Laboratory (MOVI-LAB), Department of Physical Education, School of Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Bauru, SP, Brazil.
| | - Murilo Henrique Faria
- Human Movement Research Laboratory (MOVI-LAB), Department of Physical Education, School of Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Papoti
- School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Fabio Augusto Barbieri
- Human Movement Research Laboratory (MOVI-LAB), Department of Physical Education, School of Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Bauru, SP, Brazil
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Foresti YF, Higino WP, de Carvalho CD, Esequiel GH, Costa GP, Bertuzzi R, Papoti M. Can Hypoxia Alter the Anaerobic Capacity Measured by a Single Exhaustive Exercise? Int J Sports Med 2023; 44:961-968. [PMID: 35973782 DOI: 10.1055/a-1925-6494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
The present study aimed to compare the MAODALT in situations of hypoxia and normoxia to confirm the method validity. Seventeen healthy and physically active men participated in this study, aged 25.2±3.2 years. All participants underwent four days of evaluation. The first day was performed a body composition test, an incremental test to exhaustion to determine the maximum oxygen uptake, familiarizing the hypoxia (H) and normoxia (N) situation and the equipment used. On the second, third and fourth days, supramaximal efforts were performed until exhaustion at 110% of maximum oxygen uptake, in a situation of hypoxia (FIO2=14.0%) and normoxia (FIO2=20.9%). The anaerobic capacity was considered the sum of energy supply of the alactic and lactic systens. The absolute or relative anaerobic capacity values were not different (H=3.9±1.1 L, N=3.8±0.9 L, p=0.69), similarly no differences were found for the alactic contribution (H=1.7±0.5 L, N=1.5±0.5 L, p=0.30) and lactic contribution (H=2.3±0.9 L, N=2.3±0.7 L, p=0.85). It can be concluded that the anaerobic capacity measured by a single exhaustive effort is not altered by hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Wonder Passoni Higino
- CeCAES, Instituto Federal de Educação Ciência e Tecnologia do Sul de Minas Gerais - Campus Muzambinho, Muzambinho, Brazil
- Physical Education, USP EEFERP, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
- Programa de Ciências da Reabilitação, Universidade Federal de Alfenas, Alfenas, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Rômulo Bertuzzi
- School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
- School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Papoti
- School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
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Luches-Pereira G, Kalva-Filho CA, Bertucci D, Dellavechia de Carvalho C, Barbieri RA, Papoti M. Reliability of anaerobic contributions during a single exhaustive knee-extensor exercise. Int J Sports Med 2023. [PMID: 37940111 DOI: 10.1055/a-2207-2578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
The total anaerobic contribution (AC[La-]+PCr) is a valid and reliable methodology. However, the active muscle mass plays an important role in the AC[La-]+PCr determination, which might influence its reliability. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the effects of two exhaustive intensities on the reliability of the AC[La-]+PCr during a one-legged knee extension (1L-KE) exercise. Thirteen physically active males were submitted to a graded exercise to determine the peak power output (PPO) in the 1L-KE. Then, two constant-load exercises were conducted to task failure at 100% (TTF100) and 110% (TTF110) of PPO and repeated on a third day. The blood lactate accumulation and the oxygen uptake after exercise were used to estimate the anaerobic lactic and anaerobic alactic contributions, respectively. Higher values of AC[La-]+PCr were found after the TTF100 compared to TTF110 (p = 0.042). In addition, no significant differences (p = 0.432), low systematic error (80.9 mL), and a significant ICC (0.71; p = 0.004) were found for AC[La-]+PCr in the TTF100. However, an elevated coefficient of variation was found (13.7 %). In conclusion, we suggest the use of the exhaustive efforts performed at 100% of the PPO with the 1L-KE model, but its elevated variability must be carefully considered in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Luches-Pereira
- School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirão Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | | | - Danilo Bertucci
- Department of Sport Sciences, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Triangulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Brazil
| | | | | | - Marcelo Papoti
- School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirão Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
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Papoti M, Manchado-Gobatto FB, Gobatto CA. Inter-effort recovery hypoxia: a new paradigm in sport science? BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med 2023; 9:e001520. [PMID: 37780131 PMCID: PMC10533790 DOI: 10.1136/bmjsem-2022-001520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
High-intensity interval training (HIIT) is a popular method for optimising sports performance and, more recently, improving health-related parameters. The inclusion of hypoxia during HIIT can promote additional gains compared with normoxia. However, reductions in the effort intensities compared with the same training performed in normoxia have been reported. Studies have reported that adding hypoxia during periods of inter-effort recovery (IEH) enables maintenance of the intensity of efforts. It also promotes additional gains from exposure to hypoxia. Our call is for researchers to consider IEH in experiments involving different models of HIIT. Additionally, we consider the need to answer the following questions: What is the clinically relevant minimum dose of exposure to hypoxia during the recovery periods between efforts so that favourable adaptations of parameters are associated with health and sports performance? How does the intensity of exertion influence the responses to hypoxia exposure during recovery periods? What are the chronic effects of different models of HIIT and hypoxia recovery on sports performance?
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo Papoti
- School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
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dos Santos IA, Bertochi GFA, Higino WP, Papoti M, Puggina EF. The Percentage of Total and Regional Fat Is Negatively Correlated with Performance in Judo. Sports (Basel) 2023; 11:168. [PMID: 37755845 PMCID: PMC10535556 DOI: 10.3390/sports11090168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the associations between total and regional body composition with performance in the special judo fitness test (SJFT), as well as strength and power tests (countermovement vertical jump-CMJ, squat jump-SJ, plyometric push-up-PPU, and force push-up-FPU). Twenty-three high-level judo athletes participated in this study. Initially, they underwent dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, after which they performed the CMJ, SJ, PPU, and FPU tests. On another day, the SJFT was carried out. Correlations were tested using Pearson's test. The performance in the SJFT was correlated with the total and arm %fat mass (r = -0.759), torso fat mass (r = -0.802), torso %fat mass (r = -0.822) and in the lower limb regions with the leg fat mass (r = -0.803) and leg %fat (r = -0.745). In the strength and power tests, there were also negative correlations observed between regional fat and performance. There was a negative correlation between the percentage of total fat and performance in the SJFT (r = -0.824), SJ (r = -0.750), CMJ (r = -0.742), PPU (r = -0.609), and FPU (r = -0.736). Fat, both total fat and regional fat in the arms, torso, and legs, is strongly correlated with a poor performance in the SJFT and poor strength and power.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izabela Aparecida dos Santos
- Graduate Program in Rehabilitation and Functional Performance, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-900, Brazil; (I.A.d.S.); (G.F.A.B.)
| | - Gabriel Felipe Arantes Bertochi
- Graduate Program in Rehabilitation and Functional Performance, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-900, Brazil; (I.A.d.S.); (G.F.A.B.)
| | - Wonder Passoni Higino
- Federal Institute of Education Science and Technology of the South of Minas Gerais, Muzambinho 37890-000, Brazil;
| | - Marcelo Papoti
- School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-900, Brazil;
| | - Enrico Fuini Puggina
- Graduate Program in Rehabilitation and Functional Performance, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-900, Brazil; (I.A.d.S.); (G.F.A.B.)
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de Carvalho Rotoly G, Papoti M, Foresti YF, de Oliveira Guirro EC, Guirro RRJ. Influence of photobiomodulation therapy on the physical performance of women during the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle: A double-blind Sham-controlled randomized clinical trial. Lasers Med Sci 2023; 38:173. [PMID: 37530880 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-023-03840-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
To evaluate the effects of photobiomodulation on the physical performance of healthy women, considering the menstrual cycle. 27 physically active healthy women (age 25.68 ± 3.99 years; mass 63.76 ± 12.77 kg; height 1.65 ± 0.59 cm) during the initial follicular phase (FF1 and FF2) of the menstrual cycle underwent performance evaluations, through a supramaximal test, subjective perception of exertion, blood lactate, and evaluations in the isokinetic dynamometer. Photobiomodulation (PBM) (200J) and Sham (0J) therapy were applied 10 min before the performance evaluations on the quadriceps femoris, hamstrings, and triceps surae muscles. A significance level of 5% was adopted and the effect size was calculated by Cohen's d. It was not possible to observe a significant difference (p > 0.05) in any of the performance variables evaluated in the comparison between groups, only small effects for total distance, final subjective perception of exertion, lactate peak and lactate delta in the PBM group. PBM did not improve muscle performance, resistance to fatigue, perceived exertion, and blood lactate concentrations during a predominantly anaerobic test in healthy women during the FF of the menstrual cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela de Carvalho Rotoly
- Post-Graduate Program in Rehabilitation and Functional Performance, Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Papoti
- Post-Graduate Program in Physical Education and Sport, School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Yan Figueiredo Foresti
- Post-Graduate Program in Physical Education and Sport, School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Elaine Caldeira de Oliveira Guirro
- Post-Graduate Program in Rehabilitation and Functional Performance, Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Rinaldo Roberto Jesus Guirro
- Post-Graduate Program in Rehabilitation and Functional Performance, Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
- Departamento de Ciências da Saúde, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Avenida Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14049-900, Brazil.
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Norberto MS, Kalva-Filho CA, Schneider GN, Campos EZ, Papoti M. Two Different Approaches to Dry-land Training Do Not Improve the Water Performance of Swimmers. Int J Exerc Sci 2023; 16:770-790. [PMID: 37649814 PMCID: PMC10464755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Literature diverges about the performance improvement after dry-land training. Thus, the objective of the present study was to compare the effect of two models of dry-land training. Twenty-nine swimmers were divided into three groups, combined strength and power training (PTG), only strength training (STG), and a control group (CG). Measurements were taken for six weeks, before dry-land exposure (M1), after four weeks of specific training with exposure to dry-land training by two groups (M2), and after two weeks of taper without exposure to dry-land training (M3). Strength in specific exercises, jumping tests, and 50, 100, and 200m freestyle performance were evaluated on M1 and M3, while hematological and strength parameters in tethered swimming were measured in M1, M2, and M3. PTG showed time-effect improvement for 200, 100, and 50m performance (p<0.014), CG for 200 and 100m (p<0.047), and STG only for 100m (p:0.01). No differences were found in Δ performance between groups. PTG showed improvement in the peak force of tethered swimming on M2 (p:0.019), followed by a decrease on M3 (p:0.003). PTG and STG also showed an increase in creatinine, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and creatine kinase (CK) after M2 (p<0.038). Finally, it was concluded that both dry-land training sessions could change hematological parameters and improve physical attributes on dry-land and tethered swimming tests without improving performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matheus S Norberto
- Medical School of Ribeirão Preto - University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, BRAZIL
| | - Carlos A Kalva-Filho
- Human Movement Research Laboratory (MOVI-LAB), Department of Physical Education, School of Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Bauru, SP, BRAZIL
| | | | - Eduardo Z Campos
- Graduate Program in Physical Education, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, PE, BRAZIL
| | - Marcelo Papoti
- Medical School of Ribeirão Preto - University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, BRAZIL
- School of Physical Education and Sport, Ribeirão Preto - University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, BRAZIL
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Scariot PPM, Papoti M, Polisel EEC, Orsi JB, Van Ginkel PR, Prolla TA, Manchado-Gobatto FB, Gobatto CA. Living high - training low model applied to C57BL/6J mice: Effects on physiological parameters related to aerobic fitness and acid-base balance. Life Sci 2023; 317:121443. [PMID: 36709910 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
There is a scarcity of data regarding the acclimation to high altitude (hypoxic environment) accompanied by training at low altitude (normoxic conditions), the so-called "living high-training low" (LHTL) model in rodents. We aimed to investigate the effects of aerobic training on C57BL/6J mice living in normoxic (NOR) or hypoxic (HYP) environments on several parameters, including critical velocity (CV), a parameter regarded as a measure of aerobic capacity, on monocarboxylate transporters (MCTs) in muscles and hypothalamus, as well as on hematological parameters and body temperature. In each environment, mice were divided into non-trained (N) and trained (T). Forty rodents were distributed into the following experimental groups (N-NOR; T-NOR; N-HYP and T-HYP). HYP groups were in a normobaric tent where oxygen-depleted air was pumped from a hypoxia generator set an inspired oxygen fraction [FiO2] of 14.5 %. The HYP-groups were kept (18 h per day) in a normobaric tent for consecutive 8-weeks. Training sessions were conducted in normoxic conditions ([FiO2] = 19.5 %), 5 times per week (40 min per session) at intensity equivalent to 80 % of CV. In summary, eight weeks of LHTL did not promote a greater improvement in the CV, protein expression of MCTs in different tissues when compared to the application of training alone. The LHTL model increased red blood cells count, but reduced hemoglobin per erythrocyte was found in mice exposed to LHTL. Although the LHTL did not have a major effect on thermographic records, exercise-induced hyperthermia (in the head) was attenuated in HYP groups when compared to NOR groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Paulo Menezes Scariot
- Laboratory of Applied Sport Physiology, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Limeira, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Papoti
- School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Juan Bordon Orsi
- Laboratory of Applied Sport Physiology, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Limeira, SP, Brazil
| | - Paul R Van Ginkel
- Department of Genetics & Medical Genetics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Tomas A Prolla
- Department of Genetics & Medical Genetics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | | | - Claudio Alexandre Gobatto
- Laboratory of Applied Sport Physiology, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Limeira, SP, Brazil.
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Bachelor FAR, de Carvalho CD, Andreossi JC, Miranda DRM, Papoti M. Effects of Training and Taper on Neuromuscular Fatigue Profile on 100-m Swimming Performance. Int J Sports Med 2023; 44:329-335. [PMID: 35500602 DOI: 10.1055/a-1841-3081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effects of 6-week specific preparatory period and 2-week taper period on neuromuscular fatigue profile in 100-m front crawl swimming performance. Seventeen competitive-level young-adult swimmers performed a 100-m swimming performance at baseline and after 6-week specific preparatory followed by 2-week taper periods. Neuromuscular fatigue profile was assessed through percutaneous electrical stimuli on the femoral nerve during a maximal voluntary contraction performed before and immediately after each 100-m maximal effort. Performance improved (p=0.001) 2.24 and 3.06% after specific and taper, respectively. Potentiated peak force at post-effort condition decreased (p<0.001) 16.26% at baseline, 11.70% at specific, and 12.86% at taper period. Maximal voluntary contraction force also decreased (p<0.001) at post-effort condition by about 6.77 and 9.33% at baseline and specific period, respectively. Both variables did not present significant differences between times. No condition or time effects were observed to superimposed peak force and voluntary activation, both related to central fatigue. In conclusion, neuromuscular fatigue during 100-m swimming performance was exclusively developed by peripheral mechanisms regardless of the training period, and 2-week taper was able to prevent decreases in maximal voluntary contraction induced by 100-m maximal effort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Alves Ribeiro Bachelor
- Laboratory of Aquatic Activities, University of Sao Paulo School of Physical Education and Sports of Ribeirao Preto, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | | | - Júlia Causin Andreossi
- Laboratory of Aquatic Activities, University of Sao Paulo School of Physical Education and Sports of Ribeirao Preto, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Douglas Rodrigues Messias Miranda
- Laboratory of Aquatic Activities, University of Sao Paulo School of Physical Education and Sports of Ribeirao Preto, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Papoti
- Laboratory of Aquatic Activities, University of Sao Paulo School of Physical Education and Sports of Ribeirao Preto, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
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Dellavechia de Carvalho C, Marcolino Putti G, Figueiredo Foresti Y, Alves Ribeiro F, Causin Andreossi J, Ferraz de Campos G, Papoti M. Recovery in normobaric hypoxia as an additional stimulus for high-intensity intermittent training. Sci Sports 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.scispo.2021.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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15
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Costa GP, Camacho-Cardenosa A, Brazo-Sayavera J, Viliod MCDL, Camacho-Cardenosa M, Foresti YF, de Carvalho CD, Merellano-Navarro E, Papoti M, Trapé ÁA. Effectiveness, implementation, and monitoring variables of intermittent hypoxic bicycle training in patients recovered from COVID-19: The AEROBICOVID study. Front Physiol 2022; 13:977519. [PMID: 36406995 PMCID: PMC9667939 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.977519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxic exposure is safely associated with exercise for many pathological conditions, providing additional effects on health outcomes. COVID-19 is a new disease, so the physiological repercussions caused by exercise in affected patients and the safety of exposure to hypoxia in these conditions are still unknown. Due to the effects of the disease on the respiratory system and following the sequence of AEROBICOVID research work, this study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness, tolerance and acute safety of 24 bicycle training sessions performed under intermittent hypoxic conditions through analysis of peripheral oxyhemoglobin saturation (SpO2), heart rate (HR), rate of perceived exertion (RPE), blood lactate concentration ([La-]) and symptoms of acute mountain sickness in patients recovered from COVID-19. Participants were allocated to three training groups: the normoxia group (GN) remained in normoxia (inspired fraction of O2 (FiO2) of ∼20.9%, a city with 526 m altitude) for the entire session; the recovery hypoxia group (GHR) was exposed to hypoxia (FiO2 ∼13.5%, corresponding to 3,000 m altitude) all the time except during the effort; the hypoxia group (GH) trained in hypoxia (FiO2 ∼13.5%) throughout the session. The altitude simulation effectively reduced SpO2 mean with significant differences between groups GN, GHR, and GH, being 96.9(1.6), 95.1(3.1), and 87.7(6.5), respectively. Additionally, the proposed exercise and hypoxic stimulus was well-tolerated, since 93% of participants showed no or moderate acute mountain sickness symptoms; maintained nearly 80% of sets at target heart rate; and most frequently reporting session intensity as an RPE of "3" (moderate). The internal load calculation, analyzed through training impulse (TRIMP), calculated using HR [TRIMPHR = HR * training volume (min)] and RPE [TRIMPRPE = RPE * training volume (min)], showed no significant difference between groups. The current strategy effectively promoted the altitude simulation and monitoring variables, being well-tolerated and safely acute exposure, as the low Lake Louise scores and the stable HR, SpO2, and RPE values showed during the sessions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Peinado Costa
- School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
| | - Alba Camacho-Cardenosa
- Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Javier Brazo-Sayavera
- Department of Sports and Computer Science, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Seville, Spain,Polo de Desarrollo Universitario EFISAL, Centro Universitario Regional Noreste, Universidad de la República, Rivera, Uruguay
| | | | - Marta Camacho-Cardenosa
- Clinical Management Unit of Endocrinology and Nutrition - GC17, Maimónides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Reina Sofía University Hospital, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Yan Figueiredo Foresti
- School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
| | | | - Eugenio Merellano-Navarro
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Actividad Física, Facultad de Ciencias de la Educación, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca, Chile
| | - Marcelo Papoti
- School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil,Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
| | - Átila Alexandre Trapé
- School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil,*Correspondence: Átila Alexandre Trapé,
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de Carvalho CD, Valentim RR, Navegantes LCC, Papoti M. Comparison between low, moderate, and high intensity aerobic training with equalized loads on biomarkers and performance in rats. Sci Rep 2022; 12:18047. [PMID: 36302946 PMCID: PMC9610360 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-22958-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the physiological and molecular responses of Wistar Hannover rats, submitted to three 5-week chronic training models, with similar training loads. Twenty-four Wistar Hanover rats were randomly divided into four groups: control (n = 6), low-intensity training (Z1; n = 6), moderate-intensity training (Z2; n = 6) and high-intensity training (Z3; n = 6). The three exercise groups performed a 5-week running training three times a week, with the same prescribed workload but the intensity and the volume were different between groups. An increase in maximal speed was observed after four weeks of training for the three groups that trained, with no difference between groups. Higher rest glycogen was also observed in the soleus muscle after training for the exercise groups compared to the control group. We also found that the Z2 group had a higher protein content of total and phosphorylated GSK3-β compared to the control group after five weeks of training. In conclusion, the present study shows that five weeks of treadmill training based on intensity zones 1, 2, and 3 improved performance and increased resting glycogen in the soleus muscle, therefore intensity modulation does not change the training program adaptation since the different program loads are equalized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Dellavechia de Carvalho
- grid.11899.380000 0004 1937 0722Ribeirão Preto Medical School, Department of Orthopedics and Anesthesiology, University of São Paulo, Avenida Bandeirantes, Ribeirão Preto, Monte Alegre, 3900 Brazil
| | - Rafael Rossi Valentim
- grid.11899.380000 0004 1937 0722Ribeirão Preto Medical School, Department of Physiology, University of São Paulo, Avenida Bandeirantes, Ribeirão Preto, Monte Alegre, 3900 Brazil
| | - Luiz Carlos Carvalho Navegantes
- grid.11899.380000 0004 1937 0722Ribeirão Preto Medical School, Department of Physiology, University of São Paulo, Avenida Bandeirantes, Ribeirão Preto, Monte Alegre, 3900 Brazil
| | - Marcelo Papoti
- grid.11899.380000 0004 1937 0722Ribeirão Preto Medical School, Department of Orthopedics and Anesthesiology, University of São Paulo, Avenida Bandeirantes, Ribeirão Preto, Monte Alegre, 3900 Brazil ,grid.11899.380000 0004 1937 0722School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenida Bandeirantes, Ribeirão Preto, Monte Alegre, São Paulo 3900 Brazil
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Dellavechia de Carvalho C, Bertucci DR, Ribeiro FA, Costa GP, Toro DM, Camacho-Cardenosa M, Brazo-Sayavera J, Sorgi CA, Papoti M, Trapé ÁA. Effects of Moderate-Intensity Training Under Cyclic Hypoxia on Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Hematological Parameters in People Recovered From COVID-19: The Aerobicovid Study. Sports Health 2022:19417381221120639. [PMID: 36154544 DOI: 10.1177/19417381221120639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies have indicated that people who live at altitude have a lower incidence of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and lesser severity in infection cases. HYPOTHESIS Hypoxia exposure could lead to health benefits, and it could be used in the recovery process as an additional stimulus to physical training to improve cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF). STUDY DESIGN Randomized controlled clinical trial. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level 2. METHODS The 43 participants, aged 30 to 69 years, were divided into control group (CG, n = 18) and 2 training groups: normoxia (NG, n = 9) and hypoxia (HG, n = 16). Before and after the intervention were evaluated the lactate threshold 2 (L2), peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak), and a blood sample was collected at rest to evaluate hematological adaptation. Both groups performed an 8-week moderate-intensity physical training on a bike. The HG were trained under normobaric hypoxic conditions (fractional inspired oxygen [FiO2] = 13.5%). RESULTS The 8-week intervention promoted a similar improvement in CRF of people recovered from COVID-19 in the HG (L2 = 34.6%; VO2peak = 16.3%; VO2peak intensity = 24.6%) and NG (L2 = 42.6%; VO2peak = 16.7%; VO2peak intensity = 36.9%). Only the HG presented differences in hematological variables (erythropoietin = 191.7%; reticulocytes = -32.4%; off-score = 28.2%) in comparison with the baseline. CONCLUSION The results of the present study provide evidence that moderate-intensity training in normoxia or hypoxia promoted similar benefits in CRF of people recovered from COVID-19. Furthermore, the hypoxia offered an additional stimulus to training promoting erythropoietin increase and hematological stimulation. CLINICAL RELEVANCE The present exercise protocol can be used for the rehabilitation of people recovered from COVID-19, with persistent low CRF. In addition, this is the first study demonstrating that physical training combined with hypoxia, as well as improving CRF, promotes greater hematological stimulation in people recovered from COVID-19.
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Campos EZ, Kalva-Filho CA, Silva MS, Arruda TB, Gobbi RB, Manchado-Gobatto FB, Papoti M. Anaerobic Contribution Determined in Free-Swimming: Sensitivity to Maturation Stages and Validity. Front Sports Act Living 2022; 4:760296. [PMID: 35655527 PMCID: PMC9152434 DOI: 10.3389/fspor.2022.760296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Evaluation of anaerobic contribution is important under swimming settings (training and modification through ages), therefore, it is expected to change during maturation. The accumulated oxygen deficit (AOD) method can be used to determine the contribution of nonoxidative energy during swimming; however, it requires several days of evaluation. An alternative method to estimate anaerobic contribution evaluation (ACALT), which can also be evaluated without snorkel (i.e., free-swimming, ACFS), has been proposed; however, these methods have never been compared. Thus, this study (i) analyzed the effect of maturation stage on ACFS during maximal 400 m swimming (Part I), and (ii) compared AOD with ACALT and ACFS, determined in a maximal 400 m effort (Part II). In Part I, 34 swimmers were divided into three groups, according to maturation stages (early-pubertal, middle-pubertal, and pubertal), and subjected to a maximal 400 m free-swimming to determine ACFS. In Part II, six swimmers were subjected to one 400 m maximal effort, and four submaximal constant efforts. The AOD was determined by the difference between the estimated demand and accumulated oxygen during the entire effort. The ACALT and ACFS (for Part I as well) was assumed as the sum of lactic and alactic anaerobic contributions. ACFS was higher in pubertal (3.8 ± 1.1 L) than early (2.1 ± 0.9 L) and middle pubertal group (2.4 ± 1.1 L). No difference was observed among absolute AOD (3.2 ± 1.3 L), ACALT (3.2 ± 1.5 L), and ACFS (4.0 ± 0.9 L) (F = 3.6; p = 0.06). Relative AOD (51.8 ± 12.2 mL·kg−1), ACALT (50.5 ± 14.3 mL·kg−1), and ACFS (65.2 ± 8.8 mL·kg−1) presented main effect (F = 4.49; p = 0.04), without posthoc difference. The bias of AOD vs. ACALT was 0.04 L, and AOD vs. ACFS was −0.74 L. The limits of agreement between AOD and ACALT were +0.9 L and −0.8 L, and between AOD and ACFS were +0.7 L and −2.7 L. It can be concluded that ACFS determination is a feasible tool to determine anaerobic contribution in young swimmers, and it changes during maturation stages. Also, ACFS might be useful to measure anaerobic contribution in swimmers, especially because it allows greater speeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Zapaterra Campos
- Graduate Program in Physical Education, Sports Performance Research Nucleus (NIDE), Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Carlos Augusto Kalva-Filho
- Study Group in Physiological Sciences and Exercise (GECIFEX), School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, EEFERP-USP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria Souza Silva
- Study Group in Physiological Sciences and Exercise (GECIFEX), School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, EEFERP-USP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tarine Botta Arruda
- Study Group in Physiological Sciences and Exercise (GECIFEX), School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, EEFERP-USP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ronaldo Bucken Gobbi
- Study Group in Physiological Sciences and Exercise (GECIFEX), School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, EEFERP-USP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Marcelo Papoti
- Study Group in Physiological Sciences and Exercise (GECIFEX), School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, EEFERP-USP, São Paulo, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Marcelo Papoti
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Luches-Pereira G, Kalva-Filho CA, Papoti M. Anaerobic Contributions Are Influenced by Active Muscle Mass and The Applied Methodology in Well-Controlled Muscle Group. Int J Exerc Sci 2022; 15:599-615. [PMID: 35990709 PMCID: PMC9365110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The anaerobic metabolism determination is complex and the applied methodologies present limitations. Thus, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of different calculations (MAOD vs. AOD) on the anaerobic contribution using the dynamic knee extension. Twenty-four male were recruited [Mean (SD); age 27 (1) years, body mass 90 (3) kg, height 181 (2) cm]. This study was divided into two independent experiments (EXP1: one-legged; EXP2: two-legged). In both experiments, it was performed a graded exercise test to determine maximal power (MP-GXT); 2-4 submaximal efforts (VO2-intensity relationship); and an exhaustive effort. The theoretical energy demand for the exhaustive effort (TEDex) was constructed from the submaximal efforts. Therefore, MAOD was assumed as the difference between the TEDex and the accumulated VO2 (AVO2). In contrast, the energy demand for AOD was calculated as the product between VO2 at the end of exercise and time to exhaustion (TEDaod). Thus, AOD was assumed as the difference between TEDaod and AVO2. Bayesian paired t-test was used to compare the differences between the applied methods. Also, correlations between the anaerobic indices and performance were verified. In EXP1, AOD was higher than MAOD [1855 (741) vs. 434 (245); BF10 = 2925; ES = 2.5]. In contrast, in EXP2, MAOD was higher than AOD [2832 (959) vs. 1636 (549); BF10 = 3.33; ES = 1.4]. Also, AOD was correlated to performance (r = .59; BF10 = 4.38). We concluded that MAOD and AOD are a distinct phenomenon and must be utilized according to the exercise model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Luches-Pereira
- Postgraduate Program in Physical Education and Sport, School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, BRAZIL
| | - Carlos A Kalva-Filho
- Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Sciences, São Paulo State University, Bauru, SP, BRAZIL
| | - Marcelo Papoti
- Postgraduate Program in Physical Education and Sport, School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, BRAZIL
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DE Carvalho CD, Filho CAK, DA Rocha AL, Silva ASR, Papoti M. Glycogen Kinetics of Wistar Rats: Different Exercise Intensities and Tissue Analyzed Influence. Int J Exerc Sci 2022; 15:289-299. [PMID: 36895795 PMCID: PMC9987522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to verify the influence of the intensity on muscle and hepatic glycogen depletion and recovery kinetics of Wistar rats, submitted to three acute training sessions with equalized loads. 81 male Wistar rats performed an incremental test to determine maximal running speed (MRS) and divided into 4 groups: baseline group (Control; n = 9); low intensity training session (GZ1; n = 24; 48 minutes at 50% of MRS); moderate intensity group (GZ2; n = 24; 32 minutes at 75% of MRS) and high intensity group (GZ3; n = 24; 5x5 minutes and 20 seconds at 90% of MRS). Immediately after the sessions and after 6, 12 and 24 hours, 6 animals from each subgroup were euthanized for glycogen quantification in soleus and EDL muscles and liver. A Two-Way ANOVA and the Fisher's Post-hoc test was used (p < 0.05). Glycogen supercompensation occurred between 6 and 12 hours after exercise in muscle tissue and 24 after exercise in the liver. The muscle and hepatic glycogen depletion and recovery kinetics are not modulated by exercise intensity since the load was equalized, but effects were distinct in different tissues. Hepatic glycogenolysis and muscle glycogen synthesis processes seem to run in parallel.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Alisson Luiz DA Rocha
- Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation and Functional Performance, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, SP, BRAZIL
| | - Adelino Sanchez Ramos Silva
- Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation and Functional Performance, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, SP, BRAZIL
- School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, SP, BRAZIL
| | - Marcelo Papoti
- Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, SP, BRAZIL
- School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, SP, BRAZIL
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Breda FL, Manchado-Gobatto FB, de Barros Sousa FA, Beck WR, Pinto A, Papoti M, Scariot PPM, Gobatto CA. Complex networks analysis reinforces centrality hematological role on aerobic-anaerobic performances of the Brazilian Paralympic endurance team after altitude training. Sci Rep 2022; 12:1148. [PMID: 35064131 PMCID: PMC8782909 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-04823-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the 30-days altitude training (2500 m, LHTH-live and training high) on hematological responses and aerobic–anaerobic performances parameters of high-level Paralympic athletes. Aerobic capacity was assessed by 3000 m run, and anaerobic variables (velocity, force and mechanical power) by a maximal 30-s semi-tethered running test (AO30). These assessments were carried out at low altitude before (PRE) and after LHTH (5–6 and 15–16 days, POST1 and POST2, respectively). During LHTH, hematological analyzes were performed on days 1, 12, 20 and 30. After LHTH, aerobic performance decreased 1.7% in POST1, but showed an amazing increase in POST2 (15.4 s reduction in the 3000 m test, 2.8%). Regarding anaerobic parameters, athletes showed a reduction in velocity, force and power in POST1, but velocity and power returned to their initial conditions in POST2. In addition, all participants had higher hemoglobin (Hb) values at the end of LHTH (30 days), but at POST2 these results were close to those of PRE. The centrality metrics obtained by complex networks (pondered degree, pagerank and betweenness) in the PRE and POST2 scenarios highlighted hemoglobin, hematocrit (Hct) and minimum force, velocity and power, suggesting these variables on the way to increasing endurance performance. The Jaccard’s distance metrics showed dissimilarity between the PRE and POST2 graphs, and Hb and Hct as more prominent nodes for all centrality metrics. These results indicate that adaptive process from LHTH was highlighted by the complex networks, which can help understanding the better aerobic performance at low altitude after 16 days in Paralympic athletes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Leandro Breda
- Laboratory of Applied Sport Physiology, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Rua Pedro Zaccaria, 1.300, Jardim Santa Luíza, Limeira, São Paulo, 13484-350, Brazil
| | - Fúlvia Barros Manchado-Gobatto
- Laboratory of Applied Sport Physiology, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Rua Pedro Zaccaria, 1.300, Jardim Santa Luíza, Limeira, São Paulo, 13484-350, Brazil
| | - Filipe Antônio de Barros Sousa
- Laboratory of Applied Sport Physiology, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Rua Pedro Zaccaria, 1.300, Jardim Santa Luíza, Limeira, São Paulo, 13484-350, Brazil
| | - Wladimir Rafael Beck
- Laboratory of Endocrine Physiology and Physical Exercise, Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Allan Pinto
- School of Physical Education, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil.,Brazilian Synchrotron Light Laboratory, Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Papoti
- School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Pedro Paulo Menezes Scariot
- Laboratory of Applied Sport Physiology, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Rua Pedro Zaccaria, 1.300, Jardim Santa Luíza, Limeira, São Paulo, 13484-350, Brazil
| | - Claudio Alexandre Gobatto
- Laboratory of Applied Sport Physiology, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Rua Pedro Zaccaria, 1.300, Jardim Santa Luíza, Limeira, São Paulo, 13484-350, Brazil.
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22
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Cerri DG, Rodrigues LC, Fermino ML, Papoti M, Cummings RD, Stowell SR, Dias-Baruffi M. Investigation of Galectins in Frozen Tissue and Mammalian Cell Culture Using Confocal Miccroscopy. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2442:289-306. [PMID: 35320532 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2055-7_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Galectins are multifunctional glycan-binding proteins present in various tissues that participate in multiple physiological and pathological processes and are considered as not only biomarkers of human diseases but also molecular targets for treating cancer and inflammatory illnesses in many organs. In the glycobiology field, it is crucial to determine the pattern of galectin expression and location in cells and tissues. Confocal microscopy is a powerful imaging technology that represents a unique approach to investigate the expression and location of biomolecules in various tissues and cells. The confocal microscope acquires images of the specimen through the reflected or fluorescent light from the objective's focal plane, using laser light focused on a small spot inside the tissue or cell. This technique provides high-resolution and high-contrast images without artifacts generated by conventional microscopy and enables reconstruction of virtual tridimensional images by acquiring multiple sections from several focal planes, which makes it possible to obtain the precise spatial location of any cellular structure or molecule. Furthermore, confocal microscopy is a non-invasive tissue imaging strategy used in clinical practices. We describe herein the immunofluorescence confocal method for examining galectins in frozen tissue sections and mammalian cell culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Giuliano Cerri
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas da Faculdade de Ciências Farmacênuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Lilian Cataldi Rodrigues
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas da Faculdade de Ciências Farmacênuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Marise Lopes Fermino
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas da Faculdade de Ciências Farmacênuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Marcelo Papoti
- Escola de Educação Física e Esporte de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Richard D Cummings
- Department of Surgery, National Center for Functional Glycomics, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sean R Stowell
- Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Marcelo Dias-Baruffi
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas da Faculdade de Ciências Farmacênuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brasil.
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23
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da Silva HS, Nakamura FY, Papoti M, da Silva AS, Dos-Santos JW. Relationship Between Heart Rate, Oxygen Consumption, and Energy Expenditure in Futsal. Front Psychol 2021; 12:698622. [PMID: 34456815 PMCID: PMC8385778 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.698622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The primary aim of this study was to compare the measured oxygen consumption (Measured-VO2) in a simulated futsal game (S-Game) with the estimated oxygen consumption (Estimated-VO2) through a regression equation between heart rate (HR) and oxygen consumption (VO2) (HR-VO2) in treadmill running, and a secondary aim was to calculate the total energy expenditure (EE) in S-Game. Ten professional players (22.20 ± 3.22 years) were evaluated. HR-VO2 was determined individually in the continuous test on the treadmill (ContTest). The Measured-VO2 in S-Game was compared with the Estimated-VO2 in the ContTest. Alactic and lactic pathways were estimated by VO2. The Estimated-VO2 presented no statistically significant difference with the Measured-VO2, using the paired t-test (p = 0.38). However, the correlation between Estimated- and Measured-VO2 was very weak (r = −0.05), and it presented poor agreement (concordance correlation coefficient = −0.04). In addition, a Bland–Altman plot presented bias of −2.8 ml/kg/min and individual difference as large as 19 ml/kg/min. The HR-VO2 determined by the ContTest was not a good individual predictor of VO2. The high intensity and intermittent nature of the futsal game possibly caused dissociation in the HR-VO2 relationship. ContTest is not recommended for estimating VO2 and calculating individual EE in the futsal game. This is recommended only for the group mean. The total EE in S-Game was 13.10 ± 1.25 kcal.min−1 (10.81 ± 1.57 metabolic equivalents). The contributions from the metabolic pathways were as follows: aerobic (93%), alactic (5%), and lactic (2%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrique Santos da Silva
- Research Group on Exercise Physiology Applied to Sports Training (FITES), School of Science, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Bauru, Brazil.,Post-Graduate Program in Motricity Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Bauru, Brazil
| | - Fabio Yuzo Nakamura
- Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development, CIDESD, University Institute of Maia, ISMAI, Maia, Portugal
| | - Marcelo Papoti
- School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Alexsandro Santos da Silva
- Research Group on Exercise Physiology Applied to Sports Training (FITES), School of Science, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Bauru, Brazil.,Post-Graduate Program in Motricity Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Bauru, Brazil
| | - Julio Wilson Dos-Santos
- Research Group on Exercise Physiology Applied to Sports Training (FITES), School of Science, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Bauru, Brazil.,School of Science, Department of Physical Education, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Bauru, Brazil
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24
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Trapé ÁA, Camacho-Cardenosa M, Camacho-Cardenosa A, Merellano-Navarro E, Rodrigues JAL, da Silva Lizzi EA, Sorgi CA, Papoti M, Brazo-Sayavera J. Effects of moderate-intensity intermittent hypoxic training on health outcomes of patients recovered from COVID-19: the AEROBICOVID study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Trials 2021; 22:534. [PMID: 34384461 PMCID: PMC8358903 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-021-05414-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Recent studies point to a lower number and reduced severity of cases in higher altitude cities with decreased oxygen concentration. Specific literature has shown several benefits of physical training, so, in this sense, physical training with hypoxic stimulus appears as an alternative that supports the conventional treatments of the COVID-19 patient’s recovery. Thus, this study’s primary aim is to analyze the effects of moderate-intensity intermittent hypoxic training on health outcomes in COVID-19 recovered patients. Methods A clinical trial controlled double-blind study was designed. Participants (30–69 years old) will be recruited among those with moderate to severe COVID-19 symptoms, approximately 30 days after recovery. They will be included in groups according to the training (T) and recovery (R) association with hypoxia (H) or normoxia (N): (a) TH:RH, (b) TN:RH, (c) TN:RN, and last (d) the control group. The 8-week exercise bike intervention will be carried out with a gradual load increase according to the established periods, three times a week in sets of 5 min, 90 to 100% of the anaerobic threshold (AT), and a 2.5-min break. Blood will be collected for genotyping. First, after 4 weeks (partial), after 8 weeks, and later, 4 weeks after the end of the physical training intervention, participants will perform assessments. The primary outcome is the maximum oxygen consumption (VO2peak). The secondary outcomes include lung function, inflammatory mediators, hematological, autonomic parameters, AT, body composition analysis, quality of life, mental health, anthropometric measurements, and physical fitness. The statistical analysis will be executed using the linear regression model with mixed effects at a 5% significance level. Discussion This study is designed to provide evidence to support the clinical benefits of moderate-intensity intermittent hypoxic training as a part of the treatment of patients recovered from COVID-19. It may also provide evidence on the efficacy and safety of intermittent hypoxic training in different health conditions. Lastly, this study presents an innovative strategy enabling up to 16 participants in the same training session. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov RBR-5d7hkv. Registered after the start of inclusion on 3 November 2020 with the Brazilian Clinical Trials Registry Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13063-021-05414-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Átila Alexandre Trapé
- School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirão Preto, University of Sao Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil. .,Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing, USP, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Carlos Arterio Sorgi
- Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters of Ribeirão Preto, USP, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Papoti
- School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirão Preto, University of Sao Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Javier Brazo-Sayavera
- Department of Sports and Computer Science, Universidad Pablo de Olavide (UPO), Seville, Spain.,PDU EFISAL, Centro Universitario Regional Noreste, Universidad de la República, Rivera, Uruguay
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25
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de Arruda TB, Barbieri RA, de Andrade VL, Cursiol JA, Kalva-Filho CA, Bertucci DR, Papoti M. Corrigendum: Proposal of a Conditioning Activity Model on Sprint Swimming Performance. Front Physiol 2021; 12:663240. [PMID: 33716798 PMCID: PMC7947889 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.663240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tarine Botta de Arruda
- Laboratory of Aquatic Activities, School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, EEFERP-USP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Augusto Barbieri
- Laboratory of Aquatic Activities, School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, EEFERP-USP, São Paulo, Brazil.,Estácio University Center of Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Vitor Luiz de Andrade
- Bioscience Institute, Physical Education Department, São Paulo State University "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jônatas Augusto Cursiol
- Laboratory of Aquatic Activities, School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, EEFERP-USP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carlos Augusto Kalva-Filho
- Human Movement Research Laboratory, Post-graduate Program in Movement Sciences, São Paulo State University, Bauru, Brazil
| | - Danilo Rodrigues Bertucci
- Bioscience Institute, Physical Education Department, São Paulo State University "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Papoti
- Laboratory of Aquatic Activities, School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, EEFERP-USP, São Paulo, Brazil.,Bioscience Institute, Physical Education Department, São Paulo State University "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", São Paulo, Brazil
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26
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Botta de Arruda T, Kalva-Filho CA, Milioni F, Barbieri RA, Bucken Gobbi R, Papoti M. Effects of an experimental taper period on male and female swimmers. J Sports Med Phys Fitness 2021; 61:1578-1586. [PMID: 33615760 DOI: 10.23736/s0022-4707.21.11991-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study investigated the possible influence of the gender on the responses of swimmers during a taper period (TP). METHODS Ten males (19 ± 3 years and 73.5 ± 7.8 kg) and ten females (17 ± 2 years and 54.7 ± 7.2 kg) swimmers were submitted to a 12-week training, followed by three weeks of the TP. Before and after the TP we evaluated the performance at 100 m freestyle, stroke parameters and lactacidemic responses; lactate minimum intensity (LMI) and stroke parameters associated with LMI and the propulsive force in tethered swimming. TP consisted of 14 sessions with mean volume 2,253 ± 1,213 m•session-1 at an intensity below than the LMI, 1,730 ± 327 m•session-1 at an intensity near the LMI and 1,530 ± 1,019 m•session-1 at an intensity above the LMI. RESULTS Significant effects of the genders were observed for LMI and stroke parameters (p-value < 0.001 and η2 > 0.52 [large]) and propulsive force (p-value = 0.001; η2 = 0.59 [large]). However, no significant effects of the TP were identified in the performance of the 100 m freestyle (p-value = 0.66; η2 = 0.006 [small]), propulsive force (p-value > 0.63; η2 < 0.006 [small]), aerobic parameters (LMI: p-value = 0.32 and η2 = 0.03 [small]) and mechanical parameters (p-value > 0.23; η2 = 0.01 [small]). Nonetheless, the peak blood lactate concentrations were improved after TP (p-value = 0.014; η2 = 0.16 [large]), without significant interactions (p-value = 0.38; η2 = 0.02 [small]), as well as the mechanical parameters during maximum 100 m freestyle (p-value < 0.04 and η2 > 0.10 [medium]). CONCLUSIONS Hence, men and women presenting significantly different values in the age group studied, the responses observed after the TP investigated were the same independent of gender.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarine Botta de Arruda
- Laboratory of Aquatic Activities, School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirão Preto (EEFERP-USP), University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo - Brazil -
| | - Carlos A Kalva-Filho
- Human Movement Research Laboratory (MOVI-LAB), São Paulo State University (UNESP), Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fabio Milioni
- Laboratory of Physiology and Human Performance, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São Paulo State University, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ricardo A Barbieri
- Laboratory of Aquatic Activities, School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirão Preto (EEFERP-USP), University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo - Brazil.,Estácio University Center of Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ronaldo Bucken Gobbi
- Laboratory of Aquatic Activities, School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirão Preto (EEFERP-USP), University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo - Brazil
| | - Marcelo Papoti
- Laboratory of Aquatic Activities, School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirão Preto (EEFERP-USP), University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo - Brazil
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27
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de Moraes RC, Barbosa AC, Barroso R, Papoti M, Colantonio E, Andries JÚnior O. Predicting the individual lactate minimum speed by T10 and T30 in swimming. J Sports Med Phys Fitness 2021; 62:19-24. [PMID: 33586936 DOI: 10.23736/s0022-4707.21.12064-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study investigated the relationship between the lactate minimum (LACmin) and the 10- (T10) and 30-min (T30) continuous tests in swimmers. METHODS Twelve swimmers (78.1 ± 3.1% of world record) performed the LACmin (hyperlactatemia: 2 x 50 m all-out 8-min apart, incremental part: n x 300 m 30-s apart), T30 and T10 using the front-crawl stroke. Blood samples were collected after each stage of LACmin for lactate analysis. Swimmers were oriented to swim as fast and as constant as possible in T10 and T30. RESULTS Speeds in T10 (1.28 ± 0.10 m/s) and T30 (1.21 ± 0.09 m/s) were different from LACmin (1.24 ± 0.09 m/s). T10 and T30 speeds presented a nearly perfect relationship with LACmin and acceptable prediction errors (T10: r = 0.938, p < 0.001, 0.033 m/s; T30: r = 0.927, p < 0.001, 0.036 m/s, respectively). CONCLUSIONS T10 and T30 can be used as indirect tests for evaluating LACmin in swimming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael C de Moraes
- Department of Sports Science, School of Physical Education, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | | | - Renato Barroso
- Department of Sports Science, School of Physical Education, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Papoti
- School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirão Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Emilson Colantonio
- Movement Sciences Department, Physical Education Course, Federal University of São Paulo, Santos, Brazil
| | - Orival Andries JÚnior
- Department of Sports Science, School of Physical Education, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
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28
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Dos-Santos JW, da Silva HS, da Silva Junior OT, Barbieri RA, Penafiel ML, da Silva RNB, Milioni F, Vieira LHP, Coledam DHC, Santiago PRP, Papoti M. Physiology Responses and Players' Stay on the Court During a Futsal Match: A Case Study With Professional Players. Front Psychol 2020; 11:620108. [PMID: 33381074 PMCID: PMC7767871 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.620108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Physiological responses in futsal have not been studied together with temporal information about the players’ stay on the court. The aim of this study was to compare heart rate (HR) and blood lactate concentration ([La−]) responses between 1-H and 2-H considering the time of permanency of the players on the court at each substitution in a futsal match. HR was recorded during entire match and [La−] was analyzed after each substitution of seven players. %HRmean (89.61 ± 2.31 vs. 88.03 ± 4.98 %HRmax) and [La−] mean (8.46 ± 3.01 vs. 8.17 ± 2.91 mmol·L−1) did not differ between 1-H and 2-H (ES, trivial-small). Time in intensity zones of 50–100 %HRmax differed only in 60–70 %HRmax (ES, moderate). HR coefficient of variation throughout the match was low (7%) and among the four outfield players on the court (quartets, 5%). Substitutions (2 player’s participation in each half), time of permanence on the court (7.15 ± 2.39 vs. 9.49 ± 3.80 min), ratio between time in- and out-ratio on the court (In:Outcourt = 1:1.30 ± 1:0.48 vs. 1:1.05 ± 1:0.55 min) also were similar between 1-H and 2-H (ES, moderate and small, respectively). Balancing the number of substitutions, and the In:Outcourt ratio of players in both halves of the match, playing lower time at 1-H, ~8 min for each participation in the match, made it possible to maintain intensity of the match in 2-H similar to the 1H. These results are a good guidance to coaches and for application in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julio Wilson Dos-Santos
- Laboratory and Research Group on Physiology Applied to Sports Training (FITES), Department of Physical Education, School of Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São Paulo, Brazil.,Postgraduate Program in Movement Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Henrique Santos da Silva
- Laboratory and Research Group on Physiology Applied to Sports Training (FITES), Department of Physical Education, School of Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São Paulo, Brazil.,Postgraduate Program in Movement Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Osvaldo Tadeu da Silva Junior
- Laboratory and Research Group on Physiology Applied to Sports Training (FITES), Department of Physical Education, School of Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São Paulo, Brazil.,Postgraduate Program in Movement Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Augusto Barbieri
- Postgraduate Program in Movement Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Matheus Luiz Penafiel
- Laboratory and Research Group on Physiology Applied to Sports Training (FITES), Department of Physical Education, School of Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São Paulo, Brazil.,Postgraduate Program in Movement Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Roberto Nascimento Braga da Silva
- Laboratory and Research Group on Physiology Applied to Sports Training (FITES), Department of Physical Education, School of Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São Paulo, Brazil.,Postgraduate Program in Movement Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fábio Milioni
- Postgraduate Program in Movement Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Diogo Henrique Constantino Coledam
- Laboratory and Research Group on Physiology Applied to Sports Training (FITES), Department of Physical Education, School of Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São Paulo, Brazil.,Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of São Paulo, Boituva, Brazil
| | | | - Marcelo Papoti
- School of Physical Education and Sports, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
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29
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Franco GS, Noronha NY, Oliveira BA, Ferreira FC, Pinto AP, Brandao CF, Papoti M, Nonino CB. Beta-alanine fails to improve on 5000 m running time despite increasing PAT1 expression in long-distance runners. J Sports Med Phys Fitness 2020; 61:1605-1612. [PMID: 33305552 DOI: 10.23736/s0022-4707.20.11946-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Beta-alanine has become a dietary supplement widely used by athletes due to its ergogenic effect. However, there is still no consensus on the performance benefit of beta-alanine on exercise lasting longer than ten minutes. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of beta-alanine supplementation on running performance and the expression of TauT and PAT1. METHODS This double-blind, randomized study enrolled 16 long-distance runners (37±8 years) who were randomly allocated to two groups: placebo (PLA) and beta-alanine (BA) (4.8 g/day 1) for four weeks. Maximal oxygen consumption, anthropometry, body composition, and food intake were determined. Before and after the intervention, the athletes undertook a 5000 m running time trial. Venous blood (TauT and PAT1 expressions) and ear lobe capillary blood (lactate) collected before and after exercise. Between tests, we monitored the training variables. RESULTS The results were analyzed by t-tests and an ANOVA of repeated measures, with Sidak's post hoc (P<0.05). PLA exhibited lower body fat than BA (8.7±2.2 vs. 11.5±2.8%, P=0.04). After supplementation, there was an increase in PAT1 expression in BA when compared to PLA (1.17±0.47 vs. 0.77±0.18, P=0.04). No significant differences were shown for the 5000 m running time in PLA (PRE: 1128±72; POST: 1123±72s) and BA (PRE: 1107±95; POST: 1093±86s). CONCLUSIONS Although beta-alanine supplementation increased PAT1 expression, there was no statistically significant improvement in 5000 m running performance. However, individual responses should be considered as the BA showed a higher delta than the PLA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel S Franco
- Department of Internal Medicine, Laboratory of Nutrigenomics Studies, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil - .,Departament of Nutrition, University of Franca, Franca, Brazil -
| | - Natália Y Noronha
- Department of Internal Medicine, Laboratory of Nutrigenomics Studies, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Bruno A Oliveira
- Department of Internal Medicine, Laboratory of Nutrigenomics Studies, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Flávia C Ferreira
- Department of Internal Medicine, Laboratory of Nutrigenomics Studies, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Ana P Pinto
- Ribeirão Preto School of Physical Education and Sport, Laboratory of Exercise Physiology and Metabolism, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Camila F Brandao
- Division of Nutrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.,State University of Minas Gerais, Divinópolis, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Papoti
- Ribeirão Preto School of Physical Education and Sport, Laboratory of Water Activities, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Carla B Nonino
- Department of Internal Medicine, Laboratory of Nutrigenomics Studies, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
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de Arruda TB, Barbieri RA, de Andrade VL, Cursiol JA, Kalva-Filho CA, Bertucci DR, Papoti M. Proposal of a Conditioning Activity Model on Sprint Swimming Performance. Front Physiol 2020; 11:580711. [PMID: 33192588 PMCID: PMC7642208 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.580711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to propose a conditioning activity (CA) model to stimulate improvement on neuromuscular responses, mechanical parameters and for the 50-m freestyle swimming. Thirteen male swimmers (19 ± 3 years and performances of 77% in relation to World Championship records) performed four CA protocols followed by a maximum performance in the 50-m freestyle. In the first protocol (P1) swimmers performed a standard warm-up (∼15 min); in the second protocol (P2) lunges (3 × 85% of the one-repetition maximum); in the third (P3) pull-ups (3 maximum repetitions) and box jumps 40 cm high and 60 cm deep (1 × 5 with 10% of the corporal weight); and in the fourth protocol (P4) a combination of exercises from the second and third protocols. CA protocols had no effect on the standard warm-up. However, P2 performance (27.01 ± 1.25 s) was similar to P1 (27.01 ± 1.18 s) and presented higher positive effects in mechanical parameters for the swim start performance in comparison to other protocols, contributing to improvements in the 50-m freestyle. In addition, turnaround time also had a negative effect, mainly in P3 (3.12 ± 0.28 s), signaling the improvement of this variable in all protocols (P1: 3.30 ± 0.38 s; P2: 3.17 ± 0.30 s; P4: 3.17 ± 0.34 s). P2 (after: 80 ± 11%; before: 82.7 ± 9.9%) and P3 (after: 82.7 ± 9.9%; before: 85.1 ± 9.7%) presented a possible positive effect on the percentage of voluntary activation in relation to P1 (after: 79.3 ± 10.7%; before: 76.3 ± 12%). In conclusion, the proposed conditioning activity protocols were not efficient for performance improvement in the 50-m freestyle compared to the standard model and seem to specifically influence each phase of the event.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarine Botta de Arruda
- Laboratory of Aquatic Activities, School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, EEFERP-USP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Augusto Barbieri
- Laboratory of Aquatic Activities, School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, EEFERP-USP, São Paulo, Brazil.,Estácio University Center of Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Vitor Luiz de Andrade
- Bioscience Institute, Physical Education Department, São Paulo State University "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jônatas Augusto Cursiol
- Laboratory of Aquatic Activities, School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, EEFERP-USP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carlos Augusto Kalva-Filho
- Human Movement Research Laboratory, Post-graduate Program in Movement Sciences, São Paulo State University, Bauru, Brazil
| | - Danilo Rodrigues Bertucci
- Bioscience Institute, Physical Education Department, São Paulo State University "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Papoti
- Laboratory of Aquatic Activities, School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, EEFERP-USP, São Paulo, Brazil.,Bioscience Institute, Physical Education Department, São Paulo State University "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", São Paulo, Brazil
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Luches-Pereira G, Kalva-Filho CA, Barbieri RA, DE Andrade VL, Bertucci DR, Gobbi RB, Papoti M. Backward extrapolation technique: analysis of different criteria after supramaximal exercise in cycling. J Sports Med Phys Fitness 2020; 61:519-526. [PMID: 33092326 DOI: 10.23736/s0022-4707.20.11326-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Backward extrapolation technique (BE) was used to estimate V̇O<inf>2</inf> from postexercise measuring, eliminating oronasal mask (OM) during the efforts. Despite its advantage, literature presents discrepancy in applied methods. Thus, the first aim of this study was to compare different mathematical criteria to estimate values of V̇O<inf>2</inf> during a supramaximal effort (V̇O<inf>2PEAK</inf>), while the second aim was to verify the effects of OM on cycling performance. METHODS Twenty-four male cyclists (35±6 years, 81.3±8.9 kg, 180±6 cm) performed three days of tests, with at least 24 h of interval between each test. Firstly, a graded exercise test was applied to determine V̇O<inf>2max</inf> and your correspondent intensity (MAP). The second and the third day were destined to supramaximal efforts at 120% of MAP, performed with (Supra<inf>mask</inf>) and without (Supra<inf>be</inf>) oronasal mask (OM) in a randomized order. After Supra<inf>be</inf>, OM was coupled, and BE was applied. Sixty-six values of V̇O<inf>2</inf> were obtained based on a linear regression fitting. RESULTS V̇O<inf>2peak</inf> can be estimated using different curve lengths. However, only curves between 20 and 60 s with extrapolation to 3 s or lesser shows at least one consistent criterion. The 60 s curve extrapoled to -3 s was the most accurate criteria (P=0.723; ES=-0.055; r=0.824; Bias=-0.36 and LoA=7.72 mL.kg.min-1). Performance was not impaired with OM and was similar in both condition (P=0.84, ES=0.04). CONCLUSIONS We conclude that it was possible to accurately estimate V̇O<inf>2</inf> values of a supramaximal effort without any respiratory apparatus with a time-efficient analysis. Therefore, we recommended the use of a 60 seconds V̇O<inf>2</inf> curve analysis with a negative extrapolation for 3 seconds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Luches-Pereira
- Postgraduate Program in Physical Education and Sport, School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil -
| | | | - Ricardo A Barbieri
- Centro Universitário Estácio de Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Danilo R Bertucci
- Institute of Biosciences and Postgraduate Program in Movement Sciences, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Rio Claro, Brazil
| | | | - Marcelo Papoti
- Postgraduate Program in Physical Education and Sport, School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.,Institute of Biosciences and Postgraduate Program in Movement Sciences, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Rio Claro, Brazil.,School of Physical Education and Sports of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
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Norberto MS, de Arruda TB, Papoti M. A New Approach to Evaluate Neuromuscular Fatigue of Extensor Elbow Muscles. Front Physiol 2020; 11:553296. [PMID: 33071813 PMCID: PMC7538809 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.553296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuromuscular fatigue evaluation is widely performed on different muscles through the conventional protocol using maximum voluntary contraction (MVC) with electrical stimuli in the analyzed muscle. In an attempt to use this protocol on elbow extensor musculature, previous studies and pilot studies showed co-contraction effects from antagonist musculature during muscular stimulations. The aim of this study was to propose a new neuromuscular fatigue protocol evaluation on elbow extensor musculature. Twenty participants preformed exercises to induce central (CenFat) and peripheral fatigue (PerFat). Neuromuscular fatigue was evaluated on knee extensor muscles by a conventional protocol that provides Twitch Superimposed (TSK) and Twitch Potentiated (TPK), central and peripheral parameters respectively. For elbow extensor muscles, the protocol used sustained submaximal contraction at 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50% of MVC. The neuromuscular fatigue in upper limbs was identified by Twitch Potentiated (TPE) and multiple Twitch Superimposed (TSE) parameters. Using the relationship between MVC (%) and evoked force, the proposed protocol used several TSE to provide slope, y-intercept and R 2. It is proposed that slope, R 2, and y-intercept change may indicate peripheral fatigue and the identified relationship between y-intercept and R 2 may indicate central fatigue or both peripheral and central fatigue. The results were compared using the non-parametric analyzes of Friedmann and Wilcoxon and their possible correlations were verified by the Spearmann test (significance level set at p < 0.05). After PerFat a decrease in TPE (57.1%, p < 0.001) was found but not in any TSE, indicating only peripheral fatigue in upper limbs. After CenFat a decrease in TPE (21.4%, p: 0.008) and TPK (20.9%, p < 0.001) were found but not in TSK, indicating peripheral fatigue in upper and lower limbs but not central fatigue. A non-significant increase of 15.3% after CenFat and a statistical reduction (80.1%, p: 0.001) after PerFat were found by slope. Despite R 2 showing differences after both exercises (p < 0.05), it showed a recovery behavior after CenFat (p: 0.016). Although PerFat provided only peripheral fatigue, CenFat did not provide central fatigue. Considering the procedural limitations of CenFat, parameters resulting from the proposed protocol are sensitive to neuromuscular alteration, however, further studies are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matheus Silva Norberto
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences Applied to the Locomotor System, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.,School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Tarine Botta de Arruda
- School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Papoti
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences Applied to the Locomotor System, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.,School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
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Norberto MS, Barbieri RA, Bertucci DR, Gobbi RB, Campos EZ, Zagatto AM, De Freitas EC, Papoti M. Correction to: Beta alanine supplementation effects on metabolic contribution and swimming performance. J Int Soc Sports Nutr 2020; 17:50. [PMID: 33032624 PMCID: PMC7545866 DOI: 10.1186/s12970-020-00380-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matheus Silva Norberto
- University of São Paulo, Medicine University of Ribeirão Preto (FMRP-USP), Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil. .,University of São Paulo, School of Physical Education and sport of Ribeirão Preto (EEFERP-USP), Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Ricardo Augusto Barbieri
- University of São Paulo, School of Physical Education and sport of Ribeirão Preto (EEFERP-USP), Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.,Estácio University, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Ronaldo Bucken Gobbi
- University of São Paulo, School of Physical Education and sport of Ribeirão Preto (EEFERP-USP), Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Zapaterra Campos
- Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Pernambuco, (UFPE), Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | | | - Ellen Cristini De Freitas
- University of São Paulo, School of Physical Education and sport of Ribeirão Preto (EEFERP-USP), Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Papoti
- University of São Paulo, Medicine University of Ribeirão Preto (FMRP-USP), Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.,University of São Paulo, School of Physical Education and sport of Ribeirão Preto (EEFERP-USP), Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
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Andrade VL, Kalva-Filho CA, Ribeiro NX, Gobbi RB, de Arruda TB, Papoti M. Determination of Maximum Accumulated Oxygen Deficit Using Backward Extrapolation. Int J Sports Med 2020; 42:161-168. [PMID: 32920805 DOI: 10.1055/a-1082-1372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to compare the Maximum Accumulated Oxygen Deficit determined by the conventional method (MAODC) with that determined by the backward extrapolation technique (MAODEXTR) in runners. Fourteen runners underwent a maximal incremental test for determination of iVO2MAX, ten submaximal efforts (50-95% of iVO2MAX for 7 min). During the submaximal efforts oxygen consumption (VO2) values were obtained conventionally and through the backward extrapolation technique (~ 3 s after the end of each effort). A supramaximal effort (110% of iVO2MAX) (tLimC) and five supramaximal bouts (tLimEXTR) were performed. MAODC and MAODEXTR were determined from the difference between the VO2 accumulated during tLimC and tLimEXTR and the predicted values. The tLimC was lower than tLimEXTR (164.06±36.32 s, 200.23±63.78 s, p<0.05). No significant differences were found between absolute and relative MAODC and MAODEXTR values, however, low intraclass correlations (0.26 and 0.24), high typical errors (2.03 L and 24 mL∙kg-1) were observed, and coefficients of variation (46 and 48%), respectively. The graphical analysis of the differences showed agreement and correlation between the methods (r=0.86 and 0.85). Thus, it can be concluded that the MAODEXTR is not a valid method for estimating the anaerobic capacity of runners, moreover, unreliable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vitor Luiz Andrade
- Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho Campus de Rio Claro, Instituto de Biociências UNESP, Rio Claro, Brazil.,Physical Education, Centro Universitaro UNIFAFIBE, Bebedouro, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Marcelo Papoti
- School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
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Norberto MS, Barbieri RA, Bertucci DR, Gobbi RB, Campos EZ, Zagatto AM, De Freitas EC, Papoti M. Beta alanine supplementation effects on metabolic contribution and swimming performance. J Int Soc Sports Nutr 2020; 17:40. [PMID: 32711541 PMCID: PMC7382077 DOI: 10.1186/s12970-020-00365-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Investigations of β-alanine supplementation shows effects on metabolic (aerobic and anaerobic) participation and performance on swimming by a possible blood acidosis buffering. Considering this background, the objective of the present study was to analyze the effects of β-alanine supplementation on metabolic contribution and performance during 400-m swim. METHODS Thirteen competitive swimmers underwent a 6-week, double-blind placebo-controlled study, ingesting 4.8 g.day- 1 of β-alanine or placebo. Before and after the supplementation period, the total anaerobic contribution (TAn) and 30-s all-out tethered swimming effort (30TS) were assessed. Anaerobic alactic (AnAl) and lactic energy (AnLa) was assumed as the fast component of excess post-exercise oxygen consumption and net blood lactate accumulation during exercise (∆[La-]), respectively. Aerobic contribution (Aer) was determined by the difference between total energy demand and TAn. In addition to conventional statistical analysis (Repeated measures ANOVA; p > 0.05), a Bayesian repeated measures ANOVA was used to evidence the effect probability (BFincl). RESULTS No differences and effects were found between groups, indicating no supplementation effects. Repeated measures ANOVA, with confirmation of effect, was indicate reduce in ∆Lactate (p: 0.001; BFincl: 25.02); absolute AnLa (p: 0.002; BFincl: 12.61), fatigue index (p > 0.001; BFincl: 63.25) and total anaerobic participation (p: 0.008; BFincl: 4.89). CONCLUSIONS Thus, the results demonstrated that all changes presented were evidenced as a result of exposure to the training period and β-alanine supplementation doesn't affect metabolic contribution and performance during 400-m freestyle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matheus Silva Norberto
- University of São Paulo, Medicine University of Ribeirão Preto (FMRP-USP), Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo Brazil
- University of São Paulo, School of Physical Education and sport of Ribeirão Preto (EEFERP-USP), Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo Brazil
| | - Ricardo Augusto Barbieri
- University of São Paulo, School of Physical Education and sport of Ribeirão Preto (EEFERP-USP), Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo Brazil
- Estácio University, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo Brazil
| | | | - Ronaldo Bucken Gobbi
- University of São Paulo, School of Physical Education and sport of Ribeirão Preto (EEFERP-USP), Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo Brazil
| | - Eduardo Zapaterra Campos
- Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Pernambuco, (UFPE), Recife, Pernambuco Brazil
| | | | - Ellen Cristini De Freitas
- University of São Paulo, School of Physical Education and sport of Ribeirão Preto (EEFERP-USP), Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo Brazil
| | - Marcelo Papoti
- University of São Paulo, Medicine University of Ribeirão Preto (FMRP-USP), Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo Brazil
- University of São Paulo, School of Physical Education and sport of Ribeirão Preto (EEFERP-USP), Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo Brazil
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de Carvalho G, Gobbi A, Gobbi RB, Alfredo DMN, do Carmo Furquim TH, Barbosa RI, Papoti M, de Jesus Guirro RR. Photobiomodulation by light emitting diode applied sequentially does not alter performance in cycling athletes. Lasers Med Sci 2020; 35:1769-1779. [DOI: 10.1007/s10103-020-02973-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Correia RDA, Feitosa WG, Figueiredo P, Papoti M, Castro FADS. The 400-m Front Crawl Test: Energetic and 3D Kinematical Analyses. Int J Sports Med 2020; 41:e1. [PMID: 31962359 DOI: 10.1055/a-1090-0751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Wellington Gomes Feitosa
- School of Physical Education, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Faculty of Physical Education, Universidade Estadual do Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Pedro Figueiredo
- Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development, CIDESD, University Institute of Maia, ISMAI, Maia, Portugal.,Portugal Football School, Portuguese Football Federation, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Marcelo Papoti
- School of Physical Education and Sport of Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
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Loures J, Filho C, Campos E, Papoti M. Time course of biochemical variables and comparisons between internal and external load responses in tethered swimming. Sci Sports 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.scispo.2019.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Abstract
The aim of the study was to verify the relative contributions of energetic and kinematic parameters to the performance in 400-m front crawl test. Fourteen middle-distance swimmers participated in the study. Oxygen consumption was measured directly and blood samples were collected to assay lactate concentration. Both oxygen consumption and lactate concentration were used to calculate the: (i) overall energy expenditure, (ii) anaerobic (alactic and lactic) and (iii) aerobic contributions. The mean centre of mass speed and intracycle velocity variation were determined through three-dimensional kinematic analysis. Mean completion time was 315.64±26.91s. Energetic contributions were as follows: 6.1±0.28% from alactic anaerobic metabolism, 5.9±0.63% from anaerobic lactic and 87.8±0.88% from aerobic. Mean intracycle velocity variation was 0.14±0.03. The results indicated that performance of 400-m test relies predominantly on aerobic power. Parameters such as lactate, mean speed, anaerobic lactic and alactic (kW) correlated with performance of 400-m test (p <0.05). Multiple linear regressions indicated that mean centre of mass speed and anaerobic alactic (kW) determined the 400-m test performance (R2=0.92). Even though the T400 is characterized by aerobic metabolism, the anaerobic alactic component cannot be negligible at this competition level.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Wellington Gomes Feitosa
- School of Physical Education, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Faculty of Physical Education, Universidade Estadual do Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Pedro Figueiredo
- Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development, CIDESD, University Institute of Maia, ISMAI, Maia, Portugal.,Portugal Football School, Portuguese Football Federation, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Marcelo Papoti
- School of Physical Education and Sport of Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
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Terrazas SIBM, Galan BSM, De Carvalho FG, Venancio VP, Antunes LMG, Papoti M, Toro MJU, da Costa IF, de Freitas EC. Açai pulp supplementation as a nutritional strategy to prevent oxidative damage, improve oxidative status, and modulate blood lactate of male cyclists. Eur J Nutr 2019; 59:2985-2995. [DOI: 10.1007/s00394-019-02138-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Brandao CFC, de Carvalho FG, Souza ADO, Junqueira-Franco MVM, Batitucci G, Couto-Lima CA, Fett CA, Papoti M, Freitas ECD, Alberici LC, Marchini JS. Physical training, UCP1 expression, mitochondrial density, and coupling in adipose tissue from women with obesity. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2019; 29:1699-1706. [PMID: 31282585 DOI: 10.1111/sms.13514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Revised: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exercise training may improve energy expenditure, thermogenesis, and oxidative capacities. Therefore, we hypothesized that physical training enhances white adipose tissue mitochondrial oxidative capacity from obese women. OBJECTIVE To evaluate mitochondrial respiratory capacity, mitochondrial content, and UCP1 gene expression in white adipose tissue from women with obesity before and after the physical training program. METHODS Women (n = 14, BMI 33 ± 3 kg/m2 , 35 ± 6 years, mean ± SD) were submitted to strength and aerobic exercises (75%-90% maximum heart rate and multiple repetitions), 3 times/week during 8 weeks. All evaluated subjects were paired, before and after training for resting metabolic rate (RMR), substrate oxidation (lipid and carbohydrate) by indirect calorimeter, deuterium oxide body composition, and aerobic maximum velocity (Vmax ) test. At the beginning and at the ending of the protocol, abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue was collected to measure the mitochondrial respiration by high-resolution respirometry, mitochondrial content by citrate synthase (CS) activity, and UCP1 gene expression by RT-qPCR. RESULTS Combined physical training increased RMR, lipid oxidation, and Vmax but did not change body weight/composition. In WAT, exercise increased CS activity, decreased mitochondrial uncoupled respiration and mRNA of UCP1. RMR was positively correlated with fat-free mass. CONCLUSION Physical training promotes an increase in mitochondrial content without changing tissue respiratory capacity, a reduction in mitochondrial uncoupling degree and UCP1 mRNA expression in WAT. Finally, it improved the resting metabolic rate, lipid oxidation and physical performance, independent of the body changing free, or fat mass in obese women.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Flavia Giolo de Carvalho
- School of Physical Education and Sports of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | | | | | - Gabriela Batitucci
- School of Physical Education and Sports of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.,Department of Food and Nutrition, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Araraquara, State University of Sao Paulo, Araraquara, Brazil
| | - Carlos Antonio Couto-Lima
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | | | - Marcelo Papoti
- School of Physical Education and Sports of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Ellen Cristini de Freitas
- School of Physical Education and Sports of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.,Department of Food and Nutrition, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Araraquara, State University of Sao Paulo, Araraquara, Brazil
| | - Luciane Carla Alberici
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Julio Sergio Marchini
- Nutrology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
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Rodrigues J, Yamane A, Gonçalves T, Kalva-Filho C, Papoti M, Júnior C. Fed and fasted states on heart rate variability, hemodynamic heart rate and blood pressure in adults submitted to moderate aerobic exercise. Int J Cardiol Heart Vasc 2019; 23:100378. [PMID: 31193402 PMCID: PMC6527814 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcha.2019.100378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Revised: 04/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Background Heart rate variability (HRV) has proven to be a powerful non-invasive tool to investigate cardiac autonomic control and, seems to be influenced by nutritional status and exercise practice. However, the acute effects of fed or fasting states on HRV and blood pressure (BP) during low-to-moderate intensity aerobic exercise are currently unknown. Therefore, we investigated the baseline values and behavior of HRV, BP, and heart rate (HR) before and after low-to-moderate intensity aerobic exercise in fed and fasted states in healthy adults. Methods 12 healthy individuals with mean age (SD) 59.0 (9.1) years performed two tests on a treadmill at 80% of the mean velocity of the 6-min walking test separated by 48 h: 12 h fasted (FST) or 1 h fed (FED). HRV, BP and HR were analyzed at rest, posttest, and at the third, fifth, and seventh minutes of recovery. Results HRV and HR presented no significant alterations between nutritional conditions. HR at baseline was not different between nutritional conditions. Diastolic blood pressure was increased during the fasted baseline state. Conclusions The results of the current study provide that 12 h overnight fasting does not seem to be enough to affect significant changes in the autonomic modulation in healthy adults submitted to low-to-moderate intensity aerobic exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- J.A.L. Rodrigues
- School of Nursing of Ribeirão Preto, USP - University of São Paulo (USP), Avenida Bandeirantes 3900, 14040-907 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
- Corresponding author at: Laboratory of Physiology and Metabolism (LAFEM), EEFERP, USP, Avenida Bandeirantes, 3900, CEP 14.040-907 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
| | - A.C. Yamane
- School Physical of Education and Sports of Ribeirão Preto, USP - University of São Paulo (USP), Avenida Bandeirantes 3900, 14040-907 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - T.C.P. Gonçalves
- School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, USP - University of São Paulo (USP), Avenida Bandeirantes 3900, 14040-907 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - C. Kalva-Filho
- School Physical of Education and Sports of Ribeirão Preto, USP - University of São Paulo (USP), Avenida Bandeirantes 3900, 14040-907 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - M. Papoti
- School Physical of Education and Sports of Ribeirão Preto, USP - University of São Paulo (USP), Avenida Bandeirantes 3900, 14040-907 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - C.R.B. Júnior
- School of Nursing of Ribeirão Preto, USP - University of São Paulo (USP), Avenida Bandeirantes 3900, 14040-907 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
- School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, USP - University of São Paulo (USP), Avenida Bandeirantes 3900, 14040-907 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
- School Physical of Education and Sports of Ribeirão Preto, USP - University of São Paulo (USP), Avenida Bandeirantes 3900, 14040-907 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
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Alves IDS, Kalva-Filho CA, Aquino R, Travitzki L, Tosim A, Papoti M, Morato MP. Relationships Between Aerobic and Anaerobic Parameters With Game Technical Performance in Elite Goalball Athletes. Front Physiol 2018; 9:1636. [PMID: 30524302 PMCID: PMC6256249 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Our aims were to compare physiological parameters from the laboratory environment (LaB) and simulated goalball games (GaM), test relationships between physiological parameters in the laboratory and game technical performance (GTP), and examine the associations between physiological and technical responses during games. Seven elite athletes from the Brazilian National Team performed in LaB environment; (i) an incremental test to determine peak oxygen consumption (O2PEAK), its corresponding speed, and peak blood lactate concentration and (ii) submaximal and supramaximal efforts to estimate maximal anaerobic contribution (AnC). In GaM condition, simulated games were also performed to determine physiological responses throughout the game, and to analyze the GTP (number of throws, defenses, recovery, and density of actions). No correlations (unclear) were found between laboratory and games analyses for O2PEAK [47.3 (17.2) vs. 25.8 (18.2) mL⋅Kg-1⋅min-1], peak blood lactate concentrations [10.2 (5.4) vs. 2.0 (0.7) mM], and total AnC [21.0 (14.0) vs. 4.8 (6.1) mL Kg-1]. O2PEAK in the laboratory condition presented very likely correlations with throw and recovery frequency in games (r = -0.87 and confidence interval [CI] = 0.41; r = -0.90 and CI = 0.35; respectively). Oxygen consumption remained above baseline while blood lactate concentration remained unchanged during the games. The very likely correlation between anaerobic alactic contribution and action density (r = 0.95 and CI = 0.25) highlights the importance of the alactic metabolism. In general, our study demonstrates that goalball can be characterized as a high-intensity intermittent effort, where athlete performance is based on aerobic metabolism predominance while determinant actions are supplied by the anaerobic alactic metabolism. Specifically, higher values of LaB vs. GaM highlighted the need for standardization of specific protocols for goalball evaluation, mainly for the reproduction of ecologically valid values. In addition, O2PEAK correlated with recovery frequency in the LaB condition, demonstrating that passive or low-intensity recovery between actions is fundamental to maintain performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabella Dos Santos Alves
- School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carlos Augusto Kalva-Filho
- Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation and Functional Performance, Medical School of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Aquino
- Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation and Functional Performance, Medical School of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.,CIFI2D, Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Leonardo Travitzki
- School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alessandro Tosim
- National Brazilian Goalball Team, Department of Coaching, Jundiaí, Brazil.,School of Physical Education, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Papoti
- School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Márcio Pereira Morato
- School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Brisola GMP, Redkva PE, Pessôa Filho DM, Papoti M, Zagatto AM. Effects of 4 weeks of β-alanine supplementation on aerobic fitness in water polo players. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0205129. [PMID: 30307991 PMCID: PMC6181339 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0205129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to investigate the ergogenic effects of 4 weeks of β-alanine supplementation on peak oxygen uptake ( V˙O2peak) and force associated with V˙O2peak ( FV˙O2peak) during a tethered swimming graded exercise test, and a three-minute all-out effort (3minALL-OUT) in water polo players. Twenty-two male national competitive level water polo players were randomly assigned to receive either 4 weeks of β-alanine (n = 11) or a placebo (n = 11) (i.e., 4.8 g·day-1 for 10 days, then6.4 g·day-1 for 18 days, resulting in 163.2 g over 28 days). The participants performed the TSGET and 3minALL-OUT before and after the supplementation period. There were no significant interaction effects between-groups for any variable, however, the magnitude-based inferences analyses showed a possibly beneficial effect (74%) of β-alanine supplementation on FV˙O2peak compared to placebo treatment (Δ% [post–pre] for Placebo group = -5.2%; Δ% [post–pre] for β-alanine group = +0.7%). Only the β-alanine group presented a significant reduction in V˙O2peak expressed in absolute values (PRE = 3.3±0.6L·min-1; POST = 3.0±0.4L·min-1; p = .021). Similarly, only the β-alanine group presented a significant increase in critical force (PRE = 51.2±10.4N; POST = 56.5±13.1N; p = .044) and a reduction in the curvature constant parameter (W'; PRE = 2998.0±1103.7N·s; POST = 2224.6±1058.9N·s; p = .049). Thus, we can conclude that 4 weeks of β-alanine supplementation presented mixed results in water polo players, indicating that this nutritional strategy may not be effective in improving parameters of the TSGET and 3minALL-OUT .
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Motta Pinheiro Brisola
- Post-Graduate Program in Movement Sciences, Sao Paulo State University—UNESP, Bauru, Brazil
- Laboratory of Physiology and Sport Performance (LAFIDE)—Sao Paulo State University—UNESP, School of Sciences, Department of Physical Education, Bauru, Brazil
| | - Paulo Eduardo Redkva
- Post-Graduate Program in Movement Sciences, Sao Paulo State University—UNESP, Bauru, Brazil
- Laboratory of Physiology and Sport Performance (LAFIDE)—Sao Paulo State University—UNESP, School of Sciences, Department of Physical Education, Bauru, Brazil
| | | | - Marcelo Papoti
- School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirão Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Alessandro Moura Zagatto
- Laboratory of Physiology and Sport Performance (LAFIDE)—Sao Paulo State University—UNESP, School of Sciences, Department of Physical Education, Bauru, Brazil
- Sao Paulo State University—UNESP, School of Sciences, Department of Physical Education, Bauru, Brazil
- * E-mail:
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Mascarin RB, De Andrade VL, Barbieri RA, Loures JP, Kalva-Filho CA, Papoti M. Dynamics of Recovery of Physiological Parameters After a Small-Sided Game in Women Soccer Players. Front Physiol 2018; 9:887. [PMID: 30050459 PMCID: PMC6050376 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.00887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Training methods based on small-sided game (SSG) seem to promote physiological and tactical benefits for soccer players as they present characteristics more specific to the game. Thus, the main objective of the present study was to analyze the hormonal, biochemical, and autonomic parameters in an acute manner and the recovery dynamics (up to 72 h after) in a SSG. Methods: Thirteen professional female soccer players participated in the study (18.8 ± 0.8 years, body mass 59.4 ± 6.2 kg, and height 1.68 ± 0.05 m). During and after the SSG session (4 min × 4 min separated by 3 min of passive interval and 120 m2 coverage per player), autonomic modulation was analyzed in the time and frequency domains using heart rate variability, and blood samples (5 ml) were collected before (0 h) and after (10 min and 24, 48, 72 h) the SSG for biochemical and hormonal analysis. Results: The SSG induced an increase effect for LF (low frequency) (92,52%; Very likely increase) and a decrease effect for HF (high frequency) values (-65,72%; Very likely decrease), after 10 min of recovery. The LF/HF increase after 10 min of recovery (386,21%; Very likely increase). The RMSSD (square root of the mean squared differences of the successive N-N intervals) and pNN50 (measure of the number of adjacent NN intervals which differ by more than 50 ms) values presented a decrease effect 10 min after SSG (61,38%; Very likely decrease and-90%; Very likely decrease). The CK (creatine kinase) values presented no changes 10 min after SSG. The LDH (lactate dehydrogenase) values presented an increase effect 10 min after the SSG (19,22%; Likely increase). Both testosterone and cortisol concentrations presented the same behavior after SSG, where no alterations were observed with after 10 min (<0,37%; Most likely trivial). Conclusion: The SSG promoted significant cardiovascular stress that was restored within the first 24 h of recovery. Parasympathetic parameters continued to increase while sympathetic parameters declined significantly during the 72 h of recovery. In addition, the reduced game did not alter biochemical or hormonal responses during the 72 h.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafaela B Mascarin
- Post Graduate in Rehabilitation and Functional Performance, Physiotherapy Department, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Vitor L De Andrade
- Post Graduate Program in Movement Sciences, Bioscience Institute, Physical Education Department, São Paulo State University "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", Rio Claro, Brazil
| | - Ricardo A Barbieri
- Post Graduate Program in Physical Education and Sport, School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - João P Loures
- Post Graduate in Rehabilitation and Functional Performance, Physiotherapy Department, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Carlos A Kalva-Filho
- Post Graduate in Rehabilitation and Functional Performance, Physiotherapy Department, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Papoti
- Post Graduate in Rehabilitation and Functional Performance, Physiotherapy Department, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.,Post Graduate Program in Movement Sciences, Bioscience Institute, Physical Education Department, São Paulo State University "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", Rio Claro, Brazil.,Post Graduate Program in Physical Education and Sport, School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
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Milioni F, Leite JVDM, Beneke R, de Poli RAB, Papoti M, Zagatto AM. Table tennis playing styles require specific energy systems demands. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0199985. [PMID: 30020946 PMCID: PMC6051612 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0199985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Accepted: 06/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the differences in energy system contributions and temporal variables between offensive and all-round playing styles. Fifteen male table tennis players (Offensive players: N = 7; All-round players: N = 8) participated in the study. Matches were monitored by a portable gas analyzer and the blood lactate responses was also measured. The contributions of the oxidative (WOXID), phosphagen (WPCr), and glycolytic (W[La]) energy systems were assumed as the oxygen consumption measured during the matches above of baseline value, the fast component of excess post-exercise oxygen consumption (EPOCFAST) measured after the matches, and the net of blood lactate concentration (Δ[La]), respectively. Energy systems contributions were not significantly different between the offensive and all-round playing styles (WOXID: 96.1±2.0 and 97.0±0.6%, P = 0.86; WPCr: 2.7±1.7 and 2.0±0.6%, P = 0.13; W[La]: 1.2±0.5 and 1.0±0.7%, P = 0.95; respectively), however, magnitude-based analysis of WPCr presented Likely higher contribution for offensive compared to all-round players. Regarding temporal variables, only rate of shots presented higher values for offensive when compared to all-round players (P = 0.03), while the magnitude-based analysis presented Very likely lower, Likely lower and Likely higher outcomes of rate of shots, WPCr and maximal oxygen consumption, respectively, for all-round players. Strong negative correlation was verified for offensive players between number of shots and WPCr (r = -0.86, P = 0.01), while all-round players showed strong correlations between rally duration, WOXID (r = 0.76, P = 0.03) and maximal oxygen consumption (r = 0.81, P = 0.03). Therefore, despite no differences in energy system contributions for offensive and all-round players, different playing styles seems to requires specific energy systems demands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Milioni
- Sao Paulo State University—UNESP, School of Sciences, Department of Physical Education, Post-Graduate Program in Movement Sciences, Laboratory of Physiology and Sport Performance (LAFIDE), Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jorge Vieira de Mello Leite
- Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Post-Graduate Program in Health and Development in the Midwest Region, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | | | - Rodrigo Araújo Bonetti de Poli
- Sao Paulo State University—UNESP, School of Sciences, Department of Physical Education, Post-Graduate Program in Movement Sciences, Laboratory of Physiology and Sport Performance (LAFIDE), Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Papoti
- University of Sao Paulo, School of Physical Education and Sports of Ribeirao Preto, Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alessandro Moura Zagatto
- Sao Paulo State University—UNESP, School of Sciences, Department of Physical Education, Post-Graduate Program in Movement Sciences, Laboratory of Physiology and Sport Performance (LAFIDE), Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil
- * E-mail: ,
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Francescato H, Almeida L, Reis N, Faleiros C, Papoti M, Costa R, Coimbra T. Previous Exercise Effects in Cisplatin-Induced Renal Lesions in Rats. Kidney Blood Press Res 2018; 43:582-593. [DOI: 10.1159/000488964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2017] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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Batitucci G, Terrazas SIBM, Nóbrega MP, Carvalho FGD, Papoti M, Marchini JS, Silva ASRD, Freitas ECD. Effects of taurine supplementation in elite swimmers performance. Motriz: rev educ fis 2018. [DOI: 10.1590/s1980-6574201800010011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Baptista DB, Dutra-de-Santana LF, Veras ASC, Alves-de-Menezes V, dos-Santos NJ, Papoti M, Camargo-Filho JCS, Teixeira GR. Effect of Concurrent Training and Supplementation with β-Hydroxy- β-Methylbutyirate (HMB) on the Prostate: Alterations in the Androgen Receptor and Inflammation. INT J MORPHOL 2018. [DOI: 10.4067/s0717-95022018000100074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Messias LHD, Sousa FADB, dos Reis IGM, Ferrari HG, Gobatto CA, Serra CCS, Papoti M, Manchado-Gobatto FB. Novel paddle stroke analysis for elite slalom kayakers: Relationship with force parameters. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0192835. [PMID: 29489872 PMCID: PMC5831033 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0192835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was divided into two complementary parts. In Part 1, we proposed a novel paddle strokes analysis based on the force signal from a 30-s all-out tethered test; and compared these results with video recordings. In Part 2, we investigated the relationship between force data from the same test with paddle stroke results from both methods. Eleven male elite slalom kayakers (Brazilian national team) were evaluated. The tethered test was conducted for force parameters analysis (peak-force, mean-force, impulse). Video recording analysis was conducted, and the performed strokes (V.NumberPaddle) was counted and frequency (V.FrequencyPaddle) calculated by the V.NumberPaddle divided by 30 (i.e. total time of test). The new method consisted of performed strokes and frequency achievement from a load cell force signal analysis (S.NumberPaddle and S.FrequencyPaddle, respectively). Paired test-t did not show difference between methods results, but significant correlations were only obtained for the number of paddle strokes. Force parameters were only correlated with S.NumberPaddle and S.FrequencyPaddle. Overall, considering the theoretical and practical application, we propose that the new method should be used as an alternative to the video recording.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Marcelo Papoti
- University of São Paulo, School of Physical Education, Bandeirantes, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
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