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Phadke RA, Brack A, Fournier LA, Kruzich E, Sha M, Picard I, Johnson C, Stroumbakis D, Salgado M, Yeung C, Escude Velasco B, Liu YY, Cruz-Martín A. The schizophrenia risk gene C4 induces pathological synaptic loss by impairing AMPAR trafficking. Mol Psychiatry 2024:10.1038/s41380-024-02701-7. [PMID: 39227431 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-024-02701-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2024] [Accepted: 08/16/2024] [Indexed: 09/05/2024]
Abstract
Neuroimmune interactions play a significant role in regulating synaptic plasticity in both the healthy and diseased brain. The complement pathway, an extracellular proteolytic cascade, exemplifies these interactions. Its activation triggers microglia-dependent synaptic elimination via the complement receptor 3 (CR3). Current models of pathological complement activity in the brain propose that accelerated synaptic loss resulting from overexpression of C4 (C4-OE), a gene associated with schizophrenia, follows this pathway. Here, we report that C4-mediated cortical hypoconnectivity is CR3-independent. Instead, C4-OE triggers impaired GluR1 trafficking through an intracellular mechanism involving the endosomal protein SNX27, resulting in pathological synaptic loss. Moreover, C4 circuit alterations in the prefrontal cortex, a brain region associated with neuropsychiatric disorders, were rescued by increasing neuronal levels of SNX27, which we identify as an interacting partner of this neuroimmune protein. Our results link excessive complement activity to an intracellular endo-lysosomal trafficking pathway altering synaptic plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rhushikesh A Phadke
- Molecular Biology, Cell Biology & Biochemistry Program, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alison Brack
- Molecular Biology, Cell Biology & Biochemistry Program, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Luke A Fournier
- Neurobiology Section in the Department of Biology, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ezra Kruzich
- Neurobiology Section in the Department of Biology, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mingqi Sha
- Neurobiology Section in the Department of Biology, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ines Picard
- Neurobiology Section in the Department of Biology, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Connor Johnson
- Neurobiology Section in the Department of Biology, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Dimitri Stroumbakis
- Neurobiology Section in the Department of Biology, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Maria Salgado
- Neurobiology Section in the Department of Biology, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Charlotte Yeung
- Neurobiology Section in the Department of Biology, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Berta Escude Velasco
- Neurobiology Section in the Department of Biology, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yen Yu Liu
- Neurobiology Section in the Department of Biology, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alberto Cruz-Martín
- Molecular Biology, Cell Biology & Biochemistry Program, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.
- Neurobiology Section in the Department of Biology, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.
- NeuroTechnology Center (NTC), University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.
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Dobrzyn K, Kopij G, Kiezun M, Zaobidna E, Gudelska M, Zarzecka B, Paukszto L, Rak A, Smolinska N, Kaminski T. Visfatin (NAMPT) affects global gene expression in porcine anterior pituitary cells during the mid-luteal phase of the oestrous cycle. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2024; 15:96. [PMID: 38978053 PMCID: PMC11232246 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-024-01054-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The pituitary belongs to the most important endocrine glands involved in regulating reproductive functions. The proper functioning of this gland ensures the undisturbed course of the oestrous cycle and affects the female's reproductive potential. It is believed that visfatin, a hormone belonging to the adipokine family, may regulate reproductive functions in response to the female's metabolic state. Herein we verified the hypothesis that suggests a modulatory effect of visfatin on the anterior pituitary transcriptome during the mid-luteal phase of the oestrous cycle. RESULTS RNA-seq analysis of the porcine anterior pituitary cells revealed changes in the expression of 202 genes (95 up-regulated and 107 down-regulated in the presence of visfatin, when compared to the non-treated controls), assigned to 318 gene ontology terms. We revealed changes in the frequency of alternative splicing events (235 cases), as well as long noncoding RNA expression (79 cases) in the presence of the adipokine. The identified genes were associated, among others, with reproductive system development, epithelial cell proliferation, positive regulation of cell development, gland morphogenesis and cell chemotaxis. CONCLUSIONS The obtained results indicate a modulatory influence of visfatin on the regulation of the porcine transcriptome and, in consequence, pituitary physiology during the mid-luteal phase of the oestrous cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamil Dobrzyn
- Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland.
| | - Grzegorz Kopij
- Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Marta Kiezun
- Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Ewa Zaobidna
- Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Marlena Gudelska
- School of Medicine, Collegium Medicum, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Barbara Zarzecka
- Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Lukasz Paukszto
- Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Rak
- Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Nina Smolinska
- Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Tadeusz Kaminski
- Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
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Mórotz GM, Bradbury NA, Caluseriu O, Hisanaga SI, Miller CCJ, Swiatecka-Urban A, Lenz HJ, Moss SJ, Giamas G. A revised nomenclature for the lemur family of protein kinases. Commun Biol 2024; 7:57. [PMID: 38191649 PMCID: PMC10774328 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-05671-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
The lemur family of protein kinases has gained much interest in recent years as they are involved in a variety of cellular processes including regulation of axonal transport and endosomal trafficking, modulation of synaptic functions, memory and learning, and they are centrally placed in several intracellular signalling pathways. Numerous studies have also implicated role of the lemur kinases in the development and progression of a wide range of cancers, cystic fibrosis, and neurodegenerative diseases. However, parallel discoveries and inaccurate prediction of their kinase activity have resulted in a confusing and misleading nomenclature of these proteins. Herein, a group of international scientists with expertise in lemur family of protein kinases set forth a novel nomenclature to rectify this problem and ultimately help the scientific community by providing consistent information about these molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gábor M Mórotz
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, 1089, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Neil A Bradbury
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Chicago Medical School, North Chicago, IL, 60064, USA
| | - Oana Caluseriu
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Alberta Hospital, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2H7, Canada
| | - Shin-Ichi Hisanaga
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Minami-Osawa, Hachioji, Tokyo, 92-0397, Japan
| | - Christopher C J Miller
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, SE5 9RX, UK
| | - Agnieszka Swiatecka-Urban
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, 22903, USA
| | - Heinz-Josef Lenz
- Department of Medicine, University of Southern California/Norris Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Stephen J Moss
- Department of Neuroscience, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, 02111, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Physiology and Pharmacology, University College London, London, WC1 6BT, UK
| | - Georgios Giamas
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedicine, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton, BN1 9QG, UK.
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4
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Guo RJ, Cao YF, Li EM, Xu LY. Multiple functions and dual characteristics of RAB11A in cancers. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2023; 1878:188966. [PMID: 37657681 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2023.188966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
Vesicle trafficking is an unceasing and elaborate cellular process that functions in material transport and information delivery. Recent studies have identified the small GTPase, Ras-related protein in brain 11A (RAB11A), as a key regulator in this process. Aberrant RAB11A expression has been reported in several types of cancers, suggesting the important functions and characteristics of RAB11A in cancer. These discoveries are of great significance because therapeutic strategies based on the physiological and pathological status of RAB11A might make cancer treatment more effective, as the molecular mechanisms of cancer development have not been completely revealed. However, these studies on RAB11A have not been reviewed and discussed specifically. Therefore, we summarize and discuss the recent findings of RAB11A involvement in different biological processes, including endocytic recycling regulation, receptors and adhesion molecules recycling, exosome secretion, phagophore formation and cytokinesis, as well as regulatory mechanisms in several tumor types. Moreover, contradictory effects of RAB11A have also been observed in different types of cancers, implying the dual characteristics of RAB11A in cancer, which are either oncogenic or tumor-suppressive. This review on the functions and characteristics of RAB11A highlights the value of RAB11A in inducing multiple important phenotypes based on vesicle trafficking and therefore will offer insights for future studies to reveal the molecular mechanisms, clinical significance, and therapeutic targeting of RAB11A in different cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui-Jian Guo
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Yu-Fei Cao
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, PR China
| | - En-Min Li
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, PR China.
| | - Li-Yan Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, PR China; Institute of Oncologic Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, PR China.
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5
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Abstract
Vesicles mediate the trafficking of membranes/proteins in the endocytic and secretory pathways. These pathways are regulated by small GTPases of the Rab family. Rab proteins belong to the Ras superfamily of GTPases, which are significantly involved in various intracellular trafficking and signaling processes in the nervous system. Rab11 is known to play a key role especially in recycling many proteins, including receptors important for signal transduction and preservation of functional activities of nerve cells. Rab11 activity is controlled by GEFs (guanine exchange factors) and GAPs (GTPase activating proteins), which regulate its function through modulating GTP/GDP exchange and the intrinsic GTPase activity, respectively. Rab11 is involved in the transport of several growth factor molecules important for the development and repair of neurons. Overexpression of Rab11 has been shown to significantly enhance vesicle trafficking. On the other hand, a reduced expression of Rab11 was observed in several neurodegenerative diseases. Current evidence appears to support the notion that Rab11 and its cognate proteins may be potential targets for therapeutic intervention. In this review, we briefly discuss the function of Rab11 and its related interaction partners in intracellular pathways that may be involved in neurodegenerative processes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jiri Novotny
- Jiri Novotny, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.
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Bellucci A, Longhena F, Spillantini MG. The Role of Rab Proteins in Parkinson's Disease Synaptopathy. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10081941. [PMID: 36009486 PMCID: PMC9406004 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10081941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
In patients affected by Parkinson's disease (PD), the most common neurodegenerative movement disorder, the brain is characterized by the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the nigrostriatal system, leading to dyshomeostasis of the basal ganglia network activity that is linked to motility dysfunction. PD mostly arises as an age-associated sporadic disease, but several genetic forms also exist. Compelling evidence supports that synaptic damage and dysfunction characterize the very early phases of either sporadic or genetic forms of PD and that this early PD synaptopathy drives retrograde terminal-to-cell body degeneration, culminating in neuronal loss. The Ras-associated binding protein (Rab) family of small GTPases, which is involved in the maintenance of neuronal vesicular trafficking, synaptic architecture and function in the central nervous system, has recently emerged among the major players in PD synaptopathy. In this manuscript, we provide an overview of the main findings supporting the involvement of Rabs in either sporadic or genetic PD pathophysiology, and we highlight how Rab alterations participate in the onset of early synaptic damage and dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arianna Bellucci
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0303-717-380
| | - Francesca Longhena
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Clifford Albutt Building, Cambridge CB2 0AH, UK
| | - Maria Grazia Spillantini
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Clifford Albutt Building, Cambridge CB2 0AH, UK
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Ao C, Li C, Chen J, Tan J, Zeng L. The role of Cdk5 in neurological disorders. Front Cell Neurosci 2022; 16:951202. [PMID: 35966199 PMCID: PMC9368323 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2022.951202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurological disorders are a group of disorders with motor, sensory or cognitive damage, caused by dysfunction of the central or peripheral nervous system. Cyclin-dependent kinases 5 (Cdk5) is of vital significance for the development of the nervous system, including the migration and differentiation of neurons, the formation of synapses, and axon regeneration. However, when the nervous system is subject to pathological stimulation, aberrant activation of Cdk5 will induce abnormal phosphorylation of a variety of substrates, resulting in a cascade signaling pathway, and thus lead to pathological changes. Cdk5 is intimately related to the pathological mechanism of a variety of neurological disorders, such as A-β protein formation in Alzheimer’s disease, mitochondrial fragmentation in cerebral ischemia, and apoptosis of dopaminergic neurons in Parkinson’s disease. It is worth noting that Cdk5 inhibitors have been reported to have neuroprotective effects by inhibiting related pathological processes. Therefore, in this review, we will briefly introduce the physiological and pathological mechanisms of Cdk5 in the nervous system, focusing on the recent advances of Cdk5 in neurological disorders and the prospect of targeted Cdk5 for the treatment of neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuncao Ao
- Department of Neurology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Chenchen Li
- Department of Neurology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jinlun Chen
- Department of Neurology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jieqiong Tan
- Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Animal Model for Human Diseases, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Liuwang Zeng
- Department of Neurology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Liuwang Zeng
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8
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Coxiella burnetii Plasmid Effector B Promotes LC3-II Accumulation and Contributes To Bacterial Virulence in a SCID Mouse Model. Infect Immun 2022; 90:e0001622. [PMID: 35587202 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00016-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Coxiella burnetii, the causative agent of zoonotic Q fever, is characterized by replicating inside the lysosome-derived Coxiella-containing vacuole (CCV) in host cells. Some effector proteins secreted by C. burnetii have been reported to be involved in the manipulation of autophagy to facilitate the development of CCVs and bacterial replication. Here, we found that the Coxiella plasmid effector B (CpeB) localizes on vacuole membrane targeted by LC3 and LAMP1 and promotes LC3-II accumulation. Meanwhile, the C. burnetii strain lacking the QpH1 plasmid induced less LC3-II accumulation, which was accompanied by smaller CCVs and lower bacterial loads in THP-1 cells. Expression of CpeB in the strain lacking QpH1 led to restoration in LC3-II accumulation but had no effect on the smaller CCV phenotype. In the severe combined immune deficiency (SCID) mouse model, infections with the strain expressing CpeB led to significantly higher bacterial burdens in the spleen and liver than its parent strain devoid of QpH1. We also found that CpeB targets Rab11a to promote LC3-II accumulation. Intratracheally inoculated C. burnetii resulted in lower bacterial burdens and milder lung lesions in Rab11a conditional knockout (Rab11a-/- CKO) mice. Collectively, these results suggest that CpeB promotes C. burnetii virulence by inducing LC3-II accumulation via a pathway involving Rab11a.
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9
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Woods ML, Weiss A, Sokol AM, Graumann J, Boettger T, Richter AM, Schermuly RT, Dammann RH. Epigenetically silenced apoptosis-associated tyrosine kinase (AATK) facilitates a decreased expression of Cyclin D1 and WEE1, phosphorylates TP53 and reduces cell proliferation in a kinase-dependent manner. Cancer Gene Ther 2022; 29:1975-1987. [PMID: 35902728 PMCID: PMC9750878 DOI: 10.1038/s41417-022-00513-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Silencing of the Apoptosis associated Tyrosine Kinase gene (AATK) has been described in cancer. In our study, we specifically investigated the epigenetic inactivation of AATK in pancreatic adenocarcinoma, lower grade glioma, lung, breast, head, and neck cancer. The resulting loss of AATK correlates with impaired patient survival. Inhibition of DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) reactivated AATK in glioblastoma and pancreatic cancer. In contrast, epigenetic targeting via the CRISPR/dCas9 system with either EZH2 or DNMT3A inhibited the expression of AATK. Via large-scale kinomic profiling and kinase assays, we demonstrate that AATK acts a Ser/Thr kinase that phosphorylates TP53 at Ser366. Furthermore, whole transcriptome analyses and mass spectrometry associate AATK expression with the GO term 'regulation of cell proliferation'. The kinase activity of AATK in comparison to the kinase-dead mutant mediates a decreased expression of the key cell cycle regulators Cyclin D1 and WEE1. Moreover, growth suppression through AATK relies on its kinase activity. In conclusion, the Ser/Thr kinase AATK represses growth and phosphorylates TP53. Furthermore, expression of AATK was correlated with a better patient survival for different cancer entities. This data suggests that AATK acts as an epigenetically inactivated tumor suppressor gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle L. Woods
- grid.8664.c0000 0001 2165 8627Institute for Genetics, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Astrid Weiss
- grid.8664.c0000 0001 2165 8627Department of Internal Medicine, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany ,grid.452624.3German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany
| | - Anna M. Sokol
- grid.418032.c0000 0004 0491 220XScientific Service Group Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry, Max-Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Johannes Graumann
- grid.418032.c0000 0004 0491 220XScientific Service Group Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry, Max-Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany ,grid.10253.350000 0004 1936 9756Present Address: Institute for Translational Proteomics, Department of Medicine, Philipps-University, 35037 Marburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Boettger
- grid.418032.c0000 0004 0491 220XMax-Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Antje M. Richter
- grid.8664.c0000 0001 2165 8627Institute for Genetics, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Ralph T. Schermuly
- grid.8664.c0000 0001 2165 8627Department of Internal Medicine, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany ,grid.452624.3German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany
| | - Reinhard H. Dammann
- grid.8664.c0000 0001 2165 8627Institute for Genetics, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany ,grid.440517.3German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, 35392 Giessen, Germany
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10
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Komaki K, Takano T, Sato Y, Asada A, Ikeda S, Yamada K, Wei R, Huo A, Fukuchi A, Saito T, Ando K, Murayama S, Araki W, Kametani F, Hasegawa M, Iwatsubo T, Tomomura M, Fukuda M, Hisanaga SI. Lemur tail kinase 1 (LMTK1) regulates the endosomal localization of β-secretase BACE1. J Biochem 2021; 170:729-738. [PMID: 34523681 DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvab094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Lemur tail kinase 1 (LMTK1), previously called apoptosis-associated tyrosine kinase (AATYK), is an endosomal Ser/Thr kinase. We recently reported that LMTK1 regulates axon outgrowth, dendrite arborization and spine formation via Rab11-mediated vesicle transport. Rab11, a small GTPase regulating recycling endosome trafficking, is shown to be associated with late-onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD). In fact, genome-wide association studies identified many proteins regulating vesicle transport as risk factors for LOAD. Furthermore, LMTK1 has been reported to be a risk factor for frontotemporal dementia. Then, we hypothesized that LMTK1 contributes to AD development through vesicle transport and examined the effect of LMTK1 on the cellular localization of AD-related proteins, amyloid precursor protein (APP) and β-site APP cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1). The β-cleavage of APP by BACE1 is the initial and rate-limiting step in Aβ generation. We found that LMTK1 accumulated BACE1, but not APP, to the perinuclear endosomal compartment, whereas the kinase-negative (kn) mutant of LMTK1A did not. The β-C-terminal fragment was prone to increase under overexpression of LMTK1A kn. Moreover, the expression level of LMTK1A was reduced in AD brains. These results suggest the possibility that LMTK1 is involved in AD development through the regulation of the proper endosomal localization of BACE1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keisuke Komaki
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Minami-osawa, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Takano
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Minami-osawa, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
| | - Yutaka Sato
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Minami-osawa, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
| | - Akiko Asada
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Minami-osawa, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
| | - Shikito Ikeda
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Minami-osawa, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
| | - Kaoru Yamada
- Department of Neuropathology, Graduate School of Medicine, the University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Ran Wei
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Minami-osawa, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
| | - Anni Huo
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Minami-osawa, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
| | - Aoi Fukuchi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Minami-osawa, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
| | - Taro Saito
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Minami-osawa, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
| | - Kanae Ando
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Minami-osawa, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
| | - Shigeo Murayama
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Itabashi, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
| | - Wataru Araki
- Department of Demyelinating Disease and Aging, National Institute of Neuroscience, NCNP, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-8502, Japan
| | - Fuyuki Kametani
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Setagaya, Tokyo 156-8506, Japan
| | - Masato Hasegawa
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Setagaya, Tokyo 156-8506, Japan
| | - Takeshi Iwatsubo
- Department of Neuropathology, Graduate School of Medicine, the University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Mineko Tomomura
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, Meikai University School of Health Sciences, Urayasu, Chiba 279-9950, Japan
| | - Mitsunori Fukuda
- Department of Integrative Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8578, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichi Hisanaga
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Minami-osawa, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan.,Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Setagaya, Tokyo 156-8506, Japan
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Zhou C, Liu M, Mei X, Li Q, Zhang W, Deng P, He Z, Xi Y, Tong T, Pi H, Lu Y, Chen C, Zhang L, Yu Z, Zhou Z, He M. Histone hypoacetylation contributes to neurotoxicity induced by chronic nickel exposure in vivo and in vitro. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 783:147014. [PMID: 34088129 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.147014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 04/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Nickel (Ni) is a heavy metal that is both an environmental pollutant and a threat to human health. However, the effects of Ni on the central nervous system in susceptible populations have not been well established. In the present study, the neurotoxicity of Ni and its underlying mechanism were investigated in vivo and in vitro. Ni exposure through drinking water (10 mg Ni/L, 12 weeks) caused learning and memory impairment in mice. Reduced dendrite complexity was observed in both Ni-exposed mouse hippocampi and Ni-treated (200 μM, 72 h) primary cultured hippocampal neurons. The levels of histone acetylation, especially at histone H3 lysine 9 (H3K9ac), were reduced in Ni-exposed mouse hippocampi and cultured neurons. RNA sequencing and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) sequencing analyses revealed that H3K9ac-modulated gene expression were downregulated. Treatment with sodium butyrate, a histone deacetylase inhibitor, attenuated Ni-induced H3K9 hypoacetylation, neural gene downregulation and dendrite complexity reduction in cultured neurons. Sodium butyrate also restored Ni-induced memory impairment in mice. These results indicate that Ni-induced H3K9 hypoacetylation may be a contributor to the neurotoxicity of Ni. The finding that Ni disturbs histone acetylation in the nervous system may provide new insight into the health risk of chronic Ni exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Zhou
- Department of Occupational Health, Army Medical University, 400038 Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengyu Liu
- Department of Occupational Health, Army Medical University, 400038 Chongqing, People's Republic of China; Department of Medical Laboratory, General Hospital of the Central Theater Command of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, 430070 Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang Mei
- Department of Occupational Health, Army Medical University, 400038 Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Li
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, 400037 Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjuan Zhang
- Department of Occupational Health, Army Medical University, 400038 Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Deng
- Department of Occupational Health, Army Medical University, 400038 Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhixin He
- Department of Occupational Health, Army Medical University, 400038 Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Xi
- Department of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Department of Emergency Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Tong Tong
- Department of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Department of Emergency Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Huifeng Pi
- Department of Occupational Health, Army Medical University, 400038 Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yonghui Lu
- Department of Occupational Health, Army Medical University, 400038 Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunhai Chen
- Department of Occupational Health, Army Medical University, 400038 Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Occupational Health, Army Medical University, 400038 Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhengping Yu
- Department of Occupational Health, Army Medical University, 400038 Chongqing, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhou Zhou
- Department of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Department of Emergency Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.
| | - Mindi He
- Department of Occupational Health, Army Medical University, 400038 Chongqing, People's Republic of China.
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12
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Combining exome/genome sequencing with data repository analysis reveals novel gene-disease associations for a wide range of genetic disorders. Genet Med 2021; 23:1551-1568. [PMID: 33875846 PMCID: PMC8354858 DOI: 10.1038/s41436-021-01159-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Within this study, we aimed to discover novel gene-disease associations in patients with no genetic diagnosis after exome/genome sequencing (ES/GS). METHODS We followed two approaches: (1) a patient-centered approach, which after routine diagnostic analysis systematically interrogates variants in genes not yet associated to human diseases; and (2) a gene variant centered approach. For the latter, we focused on de novo variants in patients that presented with neurodevelopmental delay (NDD) and/or intellectual disability (ID), which are the most common reasons for genetic testing referrals. Gene-disease association was assessed using our data repository that combines ES/GS data and Human Phenotype Ontology terms from over 33,000 patients. RESULTS We propose six novel gene-disease associations based on 38 patients with variants in the BLOC1S1, IPO8, MMP15, PLK1, RAP1GDS1, and ZNF699 genes. Furthermore, our results support causality of 31 additional candidate genes that had little published evidence and no registered OMIM phenotype (56 patients). The phenotypes included syndromic/nonsyndromic NDD/ID, oral-facial-digital syndrome, cardiomyopathies, malformation syndrome, short stature, skeletal dysplasia, and ciliary dyskinesia. CONCLUSION Our results demonstrate the value of data repositories which combine clinical and genetic data for discovering and confirming gene-disease associations. Genetic laboratories should be encouraged to pursue such analyses for the benefit of undiagnosed patients and their families.
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13
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Wei R, Sugiyama A, Sato Y, Nozumi M, Nishino H, Takahashi M, Saito T, Ando K, Fukuda M, Tomomura M, Igarashi M, Hisanaga SI. Isoform-dependent subcellular localization of LMTK1A and LMTK1B and their roles in axon outgrowth and spine formation. J Biochem 2021; 168:23-32. [PMID: 32044995 DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvaa019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Lemur kinase 1 (LMTK1) is a membrane-bound Ser/Thr kinase that is expressed in neurons. There are two splicing variants of LMTK1 with different membrane binding modes, viz., cytosolic LMTK1A that binds to membranes through palmitoylation at the N-terminal cysteines and LMTK1B, an integral membrane protein with transmembrane sequences. We recently reported that LMTK1A regulates axon outgrowth and spine formation in neurons. However, data about LMTK1B are scarce. We analysed the expression and cellular localization of LMTK1B along with its role in axon and spine formation. We found that both LMTK1B and LMTK1A were expressed equally in the cerebral cortex and cerebellum of the mouse brain. Similar to LMTK1A, the wild type of LMTK1B was localized to Rab11-positive pericentrosomal compartment. The kinase negative (kn) mutant of LMTK1B was found to be associated with an increase in the tubular form of endoplasmic reticulum (ER), which was not the case with LMTK1A kn. Furthermore, unlike LMTK1A kn, LMTK1B kn did not stimulate the axon outgrowth and spine formation. These results suggest that while LMTK1A and LMTK1B share a common function in recycling endosomal trafficking at the pericentrosomal compartment, LMTK1B has an additional unique function in vesicle transport in the ER region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Wei
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
| | - Arika Sugiyama
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
| | - Yuta Sato
- Department of Neurochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Asahimachi, Chuo-ku, Niigata 951-8510, Japan
| | - Motohiro Nozumi
- Department of Neurochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Asahimachi, Chuo-ku, Niigata 951-8510, Japan
| | - Hironori Nishino
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
| | - Miyuki Takahashi
- Miyuki Takahashi, Department of Life Science and Medical Bioscience, Laboratory for Molecular Brain Science, Waseda University, Tokyo 162-8480
| | - Taro Saito
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
| | - Kanae Ando
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
| | - Mitsunori Fukuda
- Department of Integrative Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Aobayama, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8578, Japan
| | - Mineko Tomomura
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, Meikai University School of Health Sciences, Urayasu, Chiba 279-9950, Japan
| | - Michihiro Igarashi
- Department of Neurochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Asahimachi, Chuo-ku, Niigata 951-8510, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichi Hisanaga
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
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14
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Ji B, Skup M. Roles of palmitoylation in structural long-term synaptic plasticity. Mol Brain 2021; 14:8. [PMID: 33430908 PMCID: PMC7802216 DOI: 10.1186/s13041-020-00717-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Long-term potentiation (LTP) and long-term depression (LTD) are important cellular mechanisms underlying learning and memory processes. N-Methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR)-dependent LTP and LTD play especially crucial roles in these functions, and their expression depends on changes in the number and single channel conductance of the major ionotropic glutamate receptor α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor (AMPAR) located on the postsynaptic membrane. Structural changes in dendritic spines comprise the morphological platform and support for molecular changes in the execution of synaptic plasticity and memory storage. At the molecular level, spine morphology is directly determined by actin cytoskeleton organization within the spine and indirectly stabilized and consolidated by scaffold proteins at the spine head. Palmitoylation, as a uniquely reversible lipid modification with the ability to regulate protein membrane localization and trafficking, plays significant roles in the structural and functional regulation of LTP and LTD. Altered structural plasticity of dendritic spines is also considered a hallmark of neurodevelopmental disorders, while genetic evidence strongly links abnormal brain function to impaired palmitoylation. Numerous studies have indicated that palmitoylation contributes to morphological spine modifications. In this review, we have gathered data showing that the regulatory proteins that modulate the actin network and scaffold proteins related to AMPAR-mediated neurotransmission also undergo palmitoylation and play roles in modifying spine architecture during structural plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjun Ji
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, 02-093, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Małgorzata Skup
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, 02-093, Warsaw, Poland.
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15
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Que L, Lukacsovich D, Luo W, Földy C. Transcriptional and morphological profiling of parvalbumin interneuron subpopulations in the mouse hippocampus. Nat Commun 2021; 12:108. [PMID: 33398060 PMCID: PMC7782706 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-20328-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The diversity reflected by >100 different neural cell types fundamentally contributes to brain function and a central idea is that neuronal identity can be inferred from genetic information. Recent large-scale transcriptomic assays seem to confirm this hypothesis, but a lack of morphological information has limited the identification of several known cell types. In this study, we used single-cell RNA-seq in morphologically identified parvalbumin interneurons (PV-INs), and studied their transcriptomic states in the morphological, physiological, and developmental domains. Overall, we find high transcriptomic similarity among PV-INs, with few genes showing divergent expression between morphologically different types. Furthermore, PV-INs show a uniform synaptic cell adhesion molecule (CAM) profile, suggesting that CAM expression in mature PV cells does not reflect wiring specificity after development. Together, our results suggest that while PV-INs differ in anatomy and in vivo activity, their continuous transcriptomic and homogenous biophysical landscapes are not predictive of these distinct identities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Que
- Laboratory of Neural Connectivity, Brain Research Institute, Faculties of Medicine and Science, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - David Lukacsovich
- Laboratory of Neural Connectivity, Brain Research Institute, Faculties of Medicine and Science, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Wenshu Luo
- Laboratory of Neural Connectivity, Brain Research Institute, Faculties of Medicine and Science, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Csaba Földy
- Laboratory of Neural Connectivity, Brain Research Institute, Faculties of Medicine and Science, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.
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16
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Rozés-Salvador V, González-Billault C, Conde C. The Recycling Endosome in Nerve Cell Development: One Rab to Rule Them All? Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:603794. [PMID: 33425908 PMCID: PMC7793921 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.603794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Endocytic recycling is an intracellular process that returns internalized molecules back to the plasma membrane and plays crucial roles not only in the reuse of receptor molecules but also in the remodeling of the different components of this membrane. This process is required for a diversity of cellular events, including neuronal morphology acquisition and functional regulation, among others. The recycling endosome (RE) is a key vesicular component involved in endocytic recycling. Recycling back to the cell surface may occur with the participation of several different Rab proteins, which are master regulators of membrane/protein trafficking in nerve cells. The RE consists of a network of interconnected and functionally distinct tubular subdomains that originate from sorting endosomes and transport their cargoes along microtubule tracks, by fast or slow recycling pathways. Different populations of REs, particularly those formed by Rab11, Rab35, and Arf6, are associated with a myriad of signaling proteins. In this review, we discuss the cumulative evidence suggesting the existence of heterogeneous domains of REs, controlling different aspects of neurogenesis, with a particular focus on the commonalities and singularities of these REs and their contribution to nerve development and differentiation in several animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Rozés-Salvador
- Instituto de Investigación Médica Mercedes y Martín Ferreyra INIMEC-CONICET-UNC, Córdoba, Argentina.,Instituto de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Nacional de Villa María, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Christian González-Billault
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Department of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Geroscience Center for Brain Health and Metabolism, Santiago, Chile.,The Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA, United States
| | - Cecilia Conde
- Instituto de Investigación Médica Mercedes y Martín Ferreyra INIMEC-CONICET-UNC, Córdoba, Argentina
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17
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Hyperactive and impulsive behaviors of LMTK1 knockout mice. Sci Rep 2020; 10:15461. [PMID: 32963255 PMCID: PMC7508861 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-72304-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Lemur tail kinase 1 (LMTK1), previously called Apoptosis-Associated Tyrosine Kinase (AATYK), remains an uncharacterized Ser/Thr protein kinase that is predominantly expressed in the brain. It is recently reported that LMTK1A, an isoform of LMTK1, binds to recycling endosomes through its palmitoylation and regulates endosomal trafficking by suppressing the activity of Rab11 small GTPase. In neurons, knockdown or knockout of LMTK1 results in longer axons, greater branching of dendrites and increased number of spines, suggesting that LMTK1 plays a role in neuronal circuit formation. However, its in vivo function remained to be investigated. Here, we examined the brain structures and behaviors of LMTK1 knockout (KO) mice. LMTK1 was expressed in most neurons throughout the brain. The overall brain structure appeared to be normal in LMTK1 KO mice, but the numbers of synapses were increased. LMTK1 KO mice had a slight impairment in memory formation and exhibited distinct psychiatric behaviors such as hyperactivity, impulsiveness and high motor coordination without social interaction deficits. Some of these abnormal behaviors represent core features of attention deficit hyperactive disorder (ADHD), suggesting the possible involvement of LMTK1 in the pathogenesis of ADHD.
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18
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Hisanaga SI, Wei R, Huo A, Tomomura M. LMTK1, a Novel Modulator of Endosomal Trafficking in Neurons. Front Mol Neurosci 2020; 13:112. [PMID: 32714146 PMCID: PMC7344150 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2020.00112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurons extend long processes known as axons and dendrites, through which they communicate with each other. The neuronal circuits formed by the axons and dendrites are the structural basis of higher brain functions. The formation and maintenance of these processes are essential for physiological brain activities. Membrane components, both lipids, and proteins, that are required for process formation are supplied by vesicle transport. Intracellular membrane trafficking is regulated by a family of Rab small GTPases. A group of Rabs regulating endosomal trafficking has been studied mainly in nonpolarized culture cell lines, and little is known about their regulation in polarized neurons with long processes. As shown in our recent study, lemur tail (former tyrosine) kinase 1 (LMTK1), an as yet uncharacterized Ser/Thr kinase associated with Rab11-positive recycling endosomes, modulates the formation of axons, dendrites, and spines in cultured primary neurons. LMTK1 knockdown or knockout (KO) or the expression of a kinase-negative mutant stimulates the transport of endosomal vesicles in neurons, leading to the overgrowth of axons, dendrites, and spines. More recently, we found that LMTK1 regulates TBC1D9B Rab11 GAP and proposed the Cdk5/p35-LMTK1-TBC1D9B-Rab11 pathway as a signaling cascade that regulates endosomal trafficking. Here, we summarize the biochemical, cell biological, and physiological properties of LMTK1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin-Ichi Hisanaga
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Minami-Osawa Campus, Hachioji, Japan
| | - Ran Wei
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Minami-Osawa Campus, Hachioji, Japan
| | - Anni Huo
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Minami-Osawa Campus, Hachioji, Japan
| | - Mineko Tomomura
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, Meikai University School of Health Sciences, Urayasu, Japan
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19
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Siri SO, Rozés-Salvador V, de la Villarmois EA, Ghersi MS, Quassollo G, Pérez MF, Conde C. Decrease of Rab11 prevents the correct dendritic arborization, synaptic plasticity and spatial memory formation. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2020; 1867:118735. [PMID: 32389643 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2020.118735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Emerging evidence shows that Rab11 recycling endosomes (REs Rab11) are essential for several neuronal processes, including the proper functioning of growth cones, synapse architecture regulation and neuronal migration. However, several aspects of REs Rab11 remain unclear, such as its sub-cellular distribution across neuronal development, contribution to dendritic tree organization and its consequences in memory formation. In this work we show a spatio-temporal correlation between the endogenous localization of REs Rab11 and developmental stage of neurons. Furthermore, Rab11-suppressed neurons showed an increase on dendritic branching (without altering total dendritic length) and misdistribution of dendritic proteins in cultured neurons. In addition, suppression of Rab11 in adult rat brains in vivo (by expressing shRab11 through lentiviral infection), showed a decrease on both the sensitivity to induce long-term potentiation and hippocampal-dependent memory acquisition. Taken together, our results suggest that REs Rab11 expression is required for a proper dendritic architecture and branching, controlling key aspects of synaptic plasticity and spatial memory formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian O Siri
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba (UNC), Av. Haya de la Torre s/n Ciudad Universitaria, 5000 Córdoba, Argentina; Instituto de Investigación Médica Mercedes y Martıín Ferreyra (INIMEC-CONICET-UNC), Av. Friuli 2434, 5016 Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Victoria Rozés-Salvador
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba (UNC), Av. Haya de la Torre s/n Ciudad Universitaria, 5000 Córdoba, Argentina; Instituto A.P. de Ciencias Básicas y Aplicadas, Universidad Nacional de Villa María (UNVM), Arturo Jauretche 1555, Ciudad Universitaria, Villa María, Argentina
| | - Emilce Artur de la Villarmois
- IFEC, CONICET, Departamento de Farmacologia, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, UNC, Haya de la Torre Y Medina Allende, 5000 Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Marisa S Ghersi
- IFEC, CONICET, Departamento de Farmacologia, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, UNC, Haya de la Torre Y Medina Allende, 5000 Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Gonzalo Quassollo
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba (UNC), Av. Haya de la Torre s/n Ciudad Universitaria, 5000 Córdoba, Argentina; Instituto de Investigación Médica Mercedes y Martıín Ferreyra (INIMEC-CONICET-UNC), Av. Friuli 2434, 5016 Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Mariela F Pérez
- IFEC, CONICET, Departamento de Farmacologia, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, UNC, Haya de la Torre Y Medina Allende, 5000 Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Cecilia Conde
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba (UNC), Av. Haya de la Torre s/n Ciudad Universitaria, 5000 Córdoba, Argentina; Instituto de Investigación Médica Mercedes y Martıín Ferreyra (INIMEC-CONICET-UNC), Av. Friuli 2434, 5016 Córdoba, Argentina.
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