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Podinić T, MacAndrew A, Raha S. Trophoblast Syncytialization: A Metabolic Crossroads. Results Probl Cell Differ 2024; 71:101-125. [PMID: 37996675 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-37936-9_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
During placentation, villous cytotrophoblast (CTB) stem cells proliferate and fuse, giving rise to the multinucleated syncytiotrophoblast (STB), which represents the terminally differentiated villous layer as well as the maternal-fetal interface. The syncytiotrophoblast is at the forefront of nutrient, gas, and waste exchange while also harboring essential endocrine functions to support pregnancy and fetal development. Considering that mitochondrial dynamics and respiration have been implicated in stem cell fate decisions of several cell types and that the placenta is a mitochondria-rich organ, we will highlight the role of mitochondria in facilitating trophoblast differentiation and maintaining trophoblast function. We discuss both the process of syncytialization and the distinct metabolic characteristics associated with CTB and STB sub-lineages prior to and during syncytialization. As mitochondrial respiration is tightly coupled to redox homeostasis, we emphasize the adaptations of mitochondrial respiration to the hypoxic placental environment. Furthermore, we highlight the critical role of mitochondria in conferring the steroidogenic potential of the STB following differentiation. Ultimately, mitochondrial function and morphological changes centrally regulate respiration and influence trophoblast fate decisions through the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), whose levels modulate the transcriptional activation or suppression of pluripotency or commitment genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina Podinić
- Department of Pediatrics and Graduate Program in Medical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Andie MacAndrew
- Department of Pediatrics and Graduate Program in Medical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Sandeep Raha
- Department of Pediatrics and Graduate Program in Medical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
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2
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Ravichandran M, Hu J, Cai C, Ward NP, Venida A, Foakes C, Kuljanin M, Yang A, Hennessey CJ, Yang Y, Desousa BR, Rademaker G, Staes AA, Cakir Z, Jain IH, Aguirre AJ, Mancias JD, Shen Y, DeNicola GM, Perera RM. Coordinated Transcriptional and Catabolic Programs Support Iron-Dependent Adaptation to RAS-MAPK Pathway Inhibition in Pancreatic Cancer. Cancer Discov 2022; 12:2198-2219. [PMID: 35771494 PMCID: PMC9444964 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-22-0044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The mechanisms underlying metabolic adaptation of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) cells to pharmacologic inhibition of RAS-MAPK signaling are largely unknown. Using transcriptome and chromatin immunoprecipitation profiling of PDA cells treated with the MEK inhibitor (MEKi) trametinib, we identify transcriptional antagonism between c-MYC and the master transcription factors for lysosome gene expression, the MiT/TFE proteins. Under baseline conditions, c-MYC and MiT/TFE factors compete for binding to lysosome gene promoters to fine-tune gene expression. Treatment of PDA cells or patient organoids with MEKi leads to c-MYC downregulation and increased MiT/TFE-dependent lysosome biogenesis. Quantitative proteomics of immunopurified lysosomes uncovered reliance on ferritinophagy, the selective degradation of the iron storage complex ferritin, in MEKi-treated cells. Ferritinophagy promotes mitochondrial iron-sulfur cluster protein synthesis and enhanced mitochondrial respiration. Accordingly, suppressing iron utilization sensitizes PDA cells to MEKi, highlighting a critical and targetable reliance on lysosome-dependent iron supply during adaptation to KRAS-MAPK inhibition. SIGNIFICANCE Reduced c-MYC levels following MAPK pathway suppression facilitate the upregulation of autophagy and lysosome biogenesis. Increased autophagy-lysosome activity is required for increased ferritinophagy-mediated iron supply, which supports mitochondrial respiration under therapy stress. Disruption of ferritinophagy synergizes with KRAS-MAPK inhibition and blocks PDA growth, thus highlighting a key targetable metabolic dependency. See related commentary by Jain and Amaravadi, p. 2023. See related article by Santana-Codina et al., p. 2180. This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 2007.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirunalini Ravichandran
- Department of Anatomy, Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Jingjie Hu
- Department of Anatomy, Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Charles Cai
- Department of Neurology, Institute for Human Genetics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Nathan P. Ward
- Department of Cancer Physiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Anthony Venida
- Department of Anatomy, Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Callum Foakes
- Department of Anatomy, Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Miljan Kuljanin
- Division of Radiation and Genome Stability, Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Annan Yang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Connor J. Hennessey
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Anatomy, Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Brandon R. Desousa
- Department of Biochemistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Gilles Rademaker
- Department of Anatomy, Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Annelot A.L. Staes
- Department of Anatomy, Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Zeynep Cakir
- Department of Anatomy, Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Isha H. Jain
- Department of Biochemistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Andrew J. Aguirre
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
| | - Joseph D. Mancias
- Division of Radiation and Genome Stability, Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Yin Shen
- Department of Neurology, Institute for Human Genetics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Gina M. DeNicola
- Department of Cancer Physiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Rushika M. Perera
- Department of Anatomy, Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
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Quintana-Cabrera R, Manjarrés-Raza I, Vicente-Gutiérrez C, Corrado M, Bolaños JP, Scorrano L. Opa1 relies on cristae preservation and ATP synthase to curtail reactive oxygen species accumulation in mitochondria. Redox Biol 2021; 41:101944. [PMID: 33780775 PMCID: PMC8039725 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2021.101944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are a common product of active mitochondrial respiration carried in mitochondrial cristae, but whether cristae shape influences ROS levels is unclear. Here we report that the mitochondrial fusion and cristae shape protein Opa1 requires mitochondrial ATP synthase oligomers to reduce ROS accumulation. In cells fueled with galactose to force ATP production by mitochondria, cristae are enlarged, ATP synthase oligomers destabilized, and ROS accumulate. Opa1 prevents both cristae remodeling and ROS generation, without impinging on levels of mitochondrial antioxidant defense enzymes that are unaffected by Opa1 overexpression. Genetic and pharmacologic experiments indicate that Opa1 requires ATP synthase oligomerization and activity to reduce ROS levels upon a blockage of the electron transport chain. Our results indicate that the converging effect of Opa1 and mitochondrial ATP synthase on mitochondrial ultrastructure regulate ROS abundance to sustain cell viability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rubén Quintana-Cabrera
- Institute of Functional Biology and Genomics (IBFG), University of Salamanca, CSIC, Salamanca, Spain; Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), University Hospital of Salamanca, University of Salamanca, CSIC, Salamanca, Spain; CIBERFES, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Salamanca, Spain.
| | - Israel Manjarrés-Raza
- Institute of Functional Biology and Genomics (IBFG), University of Salamanca, CSIC, Salamanca, Spain; Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), University Hospital of Salamanca, University of Salamanca, CSIC, Salamanca, Spain; CIBERFES, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Salamanca, Spain
| | - Carlos Vicente-Gutiérrez
- Institute of Functional Biology and Genomics (IBFG), University of Salamanca, CSIC, Salamanca, Spain; Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), University Hospital of Salamanca, University of Salamanca, CSIC, Salamanca, Spain; CIBERFES, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mauro Corrado
- Department of Immunometabolism, Max Planck Institute of Epigenetics and Immunobiology, Freiburg Im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Juan P Bolaños
- Institute of Functional Biology and Genomics (IBFG), University of Salamanca, CSIC, Salamanca, Spain; Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), University Hospital of Salamanca, University of Salamanca, CSIC, Salamanca, Spain; CIBERFES, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Salamanca, Spain
| | - Luca Scorrano
- Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine, Padova, Italy; Department of Biology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
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Nesci S, Trombetti F, Pagliarani A, Ventrella V, Algieri C, Tioli G, Lenaz G. Molecular and Supramolecular Structure of the Mitochondrial Oxidative Phosphorylation System: Implications for Pathology. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:242. [PMID: 33804034 PMCID: PMC7999509 DOI: 10.3390/life11030242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Under aerobic conditions, mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) converts the energy released by nutrient oxidation into ATP, the currency of living organisms. The whole biochemical machinery is hosted by the inner mitochondrial membrane (mtIM) where the protonmotive force built by respiratory complexes, dynamically assembled as super-complexes, allows the F1FO-ATP synthase to make ATP from ADP + Pi. Recently mitochondria emerged not only as cell powerhouses, but also as signaling hubs by way of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. However, when ROS removal systems and/or OXPHOS constituents are defective, the physiological ROS generation can cause ROS imbalance and oxidative stress, which in turn damages cell components. Moreover, the morphology of mitochondria rules cell fate and the formation of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore in the mtIM, which, most likely with the F1FO-ATP synthase contribution, permeabilizes mitochondria and leads to cell death. As the multiple mitochondrial functions are mutually interconnected, changes in protein composition by mutations or in supercomplex assembly and/or in membrane structures often generate a dysfunctional cascade and lead to life-incompatible diseases or severe syndromes. The known structural/functional changes in mitochondrial proteins and structures, which impact mitochondrial bioenergetics because of an impaired or defective energy transduction system, here reviewed, constitute the main biochemical damage in a variety of genetic and age-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore Nesci
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, 40064 Ozzano Emilia, Italy; (F.T.); (V.V.); (C.A.)
| | - Fabiana Trombetti
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, 40064 Ozzano Emilia, Italy; (F.T.); (V.V.); (C.A.)
| | - Alessandra Pagliarani
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, 40064 Ozzano Emilia, Italy; (F.T.); (V.V.); (C.A.)
| | - Vittoria Ventrella
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, 40064 Ozzano Emilia, Italy; (F.T.); (V.V.); (C.A.)
| | - Cristina Algieri
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, 40064 Ozzano Emilia, Italy; (F.T.); (V.V.); (C.A.)
| | - Gaia Tioli
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Giorgio Lenaz
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy;
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