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Murphy C, Devis-Jauregui L, Struck R, Boloix A, Gallagher C, Gavin C, Cottone F, Fernandez AS, Madden S, Roma J, Segura MF, Piskareva O. In vivo cisplatin-resistant neuroblastoma metastatic model reveals tumour necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 4 (TNFRSF4) as an independent prognostic factor of survival in neuroblastoma. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0303643. [PMID: 38809883 PMCID: PMC11135766 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0303643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Neuroblastoma is the most common solid extracranial tumour in children. Despite major advances in available therapies, children with drug-resistant and/or recurrent neuroblastoma have a dismal outlook with 5-year survival rates of less than 20%. Therefore, tackling relapsed tumour biology by developing and characterising clinically relevant models is a priority in finding targetable vulnerability in neuroblastoma. Using matched cisplatin-sensitive KellyLuc and resistant KellyCis83Luc cell lines, we developed a cisplatin-resistant metastatic MYCN-amplified neuroblastoma model. The average number of metastases per mouse was significantly higher in the KellyCis83Luc group than in the KellyLuc group. The vast majority of sites were confirmed as having lymph node metastasis. Their stiffness characteristics of lymph node metastasis values were within the range reported for the patient samples. Targeted transcriptomic profiling of immuno-oncology genes identified tumour necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 4 (TNFRSF4) as a significantly dysregulated MYCN-independent gene. Importantly, differential TNFRSF4 expression was identified in tumour cells rather than lymphocytes. Low TNFRSF4 expression correlated with poor prognostic indicators in neuroblastoma, such as age at diagnosis, stage, and risk stratification and significantly associated with reduced probability of both event-free and overall survival in neuroblastoma. Therefore, TNFRSF4 Low expression is an independent prognostic factor of survival in neuroblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Murphy
- Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Medicine, Cancer Bioengineering Group, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Medicine, Tissue Engineering Research Group (TERG), RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Laura Devis-Jauregui
- Faculty of Medicine, Cell Biology Unit, Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Barcelona, Campus Bellvitge, Feixa Llarga s/n, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Ronja Struck
- Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Medicine, Cancer Bioengineering Group, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Medicine, Tissue Engineering Research Group (TERG), RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Ariadna Boloix
- Vall d’Hebron Research Institute, Group of Childhood Cancer & Blood Disorders, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ciara Gallagher
- Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Medicine, Cancer Bioengineering Group, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Medicine, Tissue Engineering Research Group (TERG), RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Cian Gavin
- Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Medicine, Cancer Bioengineering Group, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Federica Cottone
- Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Medicine, Cancer Bioengineering Group, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Medicine, Tissue Engineering Research Group (TERG), RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Aroa Soriano Fernandez
- Vall d’Hebron Research Institute, Group of Childhood Cancer & Blood Disorders, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Stephen Madden
- Data Science Centre, School of Population Health, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Josep Roma
- Vall d’Hebron Research Institute, Group of Childhood Cancer & Blood Disorders, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miguel F. Segura
- Vall d’Hebron Research Institute, Group of Childhood Cancer & Blood Disorders, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Olga Piskareva
- Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Medicine, Cancer Bioengineering Group, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Medicine, Tissue Engineering Research Group (TERG), RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
- Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research Centre (AMBER), RCSI and TCD, Dublin, Ireland
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2
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Jalil SMA, Henry JC, Cameron AJM. Targets in the Tumour Matrisome to Promote Cancer Therapy Response. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:1847. [PMID: 38791926 PMCID: PMC11119821 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16101847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) is composed of complex fibrillar proteins, proteoglycans, and macromolecules, generated by stromal, immune, and cancer cells. The components and organisation of the matrix evolves as tumours progress to invasive disease and metastasis. In many solid tumours, dense fibrotic ECM has been hypothesised to impede therapy response by limiting drug and immune cell access. Interventions to target individual components of the ECM, collectively termed the matrisome, have, however, revealed complex tumour-suppressor, tumour-promoter, and immune-modulatory functions, which have complicated clinical translation. The degree to which distinct components of the matrisome can dictate tumour phenotypes and response to therapy is the subject of intense study. A primary aim is to identify therapeutic opportunities within the matrisome, which might support a better response to existing therapies. Many matrix signatures have been developed which can predict prognosis, immune cell content, and immunotherapy responses. In this review, we will examine key components of the matrisome which have been associated with advanced tumours and therapy resistance. We have primarily focussed here on targeting matrisome components, rather than specific cell types, although several examples are described where cells of origin can dramatically affect tumour roles for matrix components. As we unravel the complex biochemical, biophysical, and intracellular transduction mechanisms associated with the ECM, numerous therapeutic opportunities will be identified to modify tumour progression and therapy response.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Angus J. M. Cameron
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, John Vane Science Centre, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK; (S.M.A.J.); (J.C.H.)
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Škarková A, Bizzarri M, Janoštiak R, Mašek J, Rosel D, Brábek J. Educate, not kill: treating cancer without triggering its defenses. Trends Mol Med 2024:S1471-4914(24)00091-1. [PMID: 38658206 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2024.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Traditionally, anticancer therapies focus on restraining uncontrolled proliferation. However, these cytotoxic therapies expose cancer cells to direct killing, instigating the process of natural selection favoring survival of resistant cells that become the foundation for tumor progression and therapy failure. Recognizing this phenomenon has prompted the development of alternative therapeutic strategies. Here we propose strategies targeting cancer hallmarks beyond proliferation, aiming at re-educating cancer cells towards a less malignant phenotype. These strategies include controlling cell dormancy, transdifferentiation therapy, normalizing the cancer microenvironment, and using migrastatic therapy. Adaptive resistance to these educative strategies does not confer a direct proliferative advantage to resistant cells, as non-resistant cells are not subject to eradication, thereby delaying or preventing the development of therapy-resistant tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aneta Škarková
- Department of Cell Biology, BIOCEV, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Mariano Bizzarri
- System Biology Group Laboratory, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Radoslav Janoštiak
- First Faculty of Medicine, BIOCEV, Charles University, Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Mašek
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Daniel Rosel
- Department of Cell Biology, BIOCEV, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Vestec, Czech Republic.
| | - Jan Brábek
- Department of Cell Biology, BIOCEV, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Vestec, Czech Republic.
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4
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Liu G, Li B, Qin S, Nice EC, Yang J, Yang L, Huang C. Redox signaling-mediated tumor extracellular matrix remodeling: pleiotropic regulatory mechanisms. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2024; 47:429-445. [PMID: 37792154 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-023-00884-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The extracellular matrix (ECM), a fundamental constituent of all tissues and organs, is crucial for shaping the tumor microenvironment. Dysregulation of ECM remodeling has been closely linked to tumor initiation and progression, where specific signaling pathways, including redox signaling, play essential roles. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are risk factors for carcinogenesis whose excess can facilitate the oxidative damage of biomacromolecules, such as DNA and proteins. Emerging evidence suggests that redox effects can aid the modification, stimulation, and degradation of ECM, thus affecting ECM remodeling. These alterations in both the density and components of the ECM subsequently act as critical drivers for tumorigenesis. In this review, we provide an overview of the functions and primary traits of the ECM, and it delves into our current understanding of how redox reactions participate in ECM remodeling during cancer progression. We also discuss the opportunities and challenges presented by clinical strategies targeting redox-controlled ECM remodeling to overcome cancer. CONCLUSIONS The redox-mediated ECM remodeling contributes importantly to tumor survival, progression, metastasis, and poor prognosis. A comprehensive investigation of the concrete mechanism of redox-mediated tumor ECM remodeling and the combination usage of redox-targeted drugs with existing treatment means may reveal new therapeutic strategy for future antitumor therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guowen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and , Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Bowen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and , Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Siyuan Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and , Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Edouard C Nice
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Jinlin Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Sichuan Province, No.37 Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, 610041, China.
- Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Sichuan University-Oxford University Huaxi Gastrointestinal Cancer Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No.37 Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
| | - Li Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Sichuan Province, No.37 Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, 610041, China.
- Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Sichuan University-Oxford University Huaxi Gastrointestinal Cancer Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No.37 Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
| | - Canhua Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and , Chengdu, 610041, China.
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5
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Bigos KJA, Quiles CG, Lunj S, Smith DJ, Krause M, Troost EGC, West CM, Hoskin P, Choudhury A. Tumour response to hypoxia: understanding the hypoxic tumour microenvironment to improve treatment outcome in solid tumours. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1331355. [PMID: 38352889 PMCID: PMC10861654 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1331355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia is a common feature of solid tumours affecting their biology and response to therapy. One of the main transcription factors activated by hypoxia is hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF), which regulates the expression of genes involved in various aspects of tumourigenesis including proliferative capacity, angiogenesis, immune evasion, metabolic reprogramming, extracellular matrix (ECM) remodelling, and cell migration. This can negatively impact patient outcomes by inducing therapeutic resistance. The importance of hypoxia is clearly demonstrated by continued research into finding clinically relevant hypoxia biomarkers, and hypoxia-targeting therapies. One of the problems is the lack of clinically applicable methods of hypoxia detection, and lack of standardisation. Additionally, a lot of the methods of detecting hypoxia do not take into consideration the complexity of the hypoxic tumour microenvironment (TME). Therefore, this needs further elucidation as approximately 50% of solid tumours are hypoxic. The ECM is important component of the hypoxic TME, and is developed by both cancer associated fibroblasts (CAFs) and tumour cells. However, it is important to distinguish the different roles to develop both biomarkers and novel compounds. Fibronectin (FN), collagen (COL) and hyaluronic acid (HA) are important components of the ECM that create ECM fibres. These fibres are crosslinked by specific enzymes including lysyl oxidase (LOX) which regulates the stiffness of tumours and induces fibrosis. This is partially regulated by HIFs. The review highlights the importance of understanding the role of matrix stiffness in different solid tumours as current data shows contradictory results on the impact on therapeutic resistance. The review also indicates that further research is needed into identifying different CAF subtypes and their exact roles; with some showing pro-tumorigenic capacity and others having anti-tumorigenic roles. This has made it difficult to fully elucidate the role of CAFs within the TME. However, it is clear that this is an important area of research that requires unravelling as current strategies to target CAFs have resulted in worsened prognosis. The role of immune cells within the tumour microenvironment is also discussed as hypoxia has been associated with modulating immune cells to create an anti-tumorigenic environment. Which has led to the development of immunotherapies including PD-L1. These hypoxia-induced changes can confer resistance to conventional therapies, such as chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and immunotherapy. This review summarizes the current knowledge on the impact of hypoxia on the TME and its implications for therapy resistance. It also discusses the potential of hypoxia biomarkers as prognostic and predictive indictors of treatment response, as well as the challenges and opportunities of targeting hypoxia in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamilla JA. Bigos
- Division of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Conrado G. Quiles
- Division of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Sapna Lunj
- Division of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Danielle J. Smith
- Division of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Mechthild Krause
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Dresden and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- OncoRay – National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany
- Translational Radiooncology and Clinical Radiotherapy, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany
- Translational Radiation Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Translational Radiooncology and Clinical Radiotherapy and Image-guided High Precision Radiotherapy, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Translational Radiooncology and Clinical Radiotherapy and Image-guided High Precision Radiotherapy, Helmholtz Association / Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany
- School of Medicine, Technische Universitat Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Esther GC. Troost
- OncoRay – National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany
- Translational Radiation Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Translational Radiooncology and Clinical Radiotherapy and Image-guided High Precision Radiotherapy, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Translational Radiooncology and Clinical Radiotherapy and Image-guided High Precision Radiotherapy, Helmholtz Association / Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany
- School of Medicine, Technische Universitat Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Institute of Radiooncology – OncoRay, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Rossendorf, Germany
| | - Catharine M. West
- Division of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Christie Hospital, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Peter Hoskin
- Division of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
- Mount Vernon Cancer Centre, Northwood, United Kingdom
| | - Ananya Choudhury
- Division of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
- Christie Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, Germany
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Afshar K, Sanaei MJ, Ravari MS, Pourbagheri-Sigaroodi A, Bashash D. An overview of extracellular matrix and its remodeling in the development of cancer and metastasis with a glance at therapeutic approaches. Cell Biochem Funct 2023; 41:930-952. [PMID: 37665068 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) is an inevitable part of tissues able to provide structural support for cells depending on the purpose of tissues and organs. The dynamic characteristics of ECM let this system fluently interact with the extrinsic triggers and get stiffed, remodeled, and/or degraded ending in maintaining tissue homeostasis. ECM could serve as the platform for cancer progression. The dysregulation of biochemical and biomechanical ECM features might take participate in some pathological conditions such as aging, tissue destruction, fibrosis, and particularly cancer. Tumors can reprogram how ECM remodels by producing factors able to induce protein synthesis, matrix proteinase expression, degradation of the basement membrane, growth signals and proliferation, angiogenesis, and metastasis. Therefore, targeting the ECM components, their secretion, and their interactions with other cells or tumors could be a promising strategy in cancer therapies. The present study initially introduces the physiological functions of ECM and then discusses how tumor-dependent dysregulation of ECM could facilitate cancer progression and ends with reviewing the novel therapeutic strategies regarding ECM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimiya Afshar
- Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad-Javad Sanaei
- Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrnaz Sadat Ravari
- Research Center for Hydatid Disease in Iran, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Atieh Pourbagheri-Sigaroodi
- Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Davood Bashash
- Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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7
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Schito L, Rey-Keim S. Hypoxia signaling and metastatic progression. Semin Cancer Biol 2023; 97:42-49. [PMID: 37926346 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2023.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Disruption of oxygen homeostasis, resulting from an imbalance between O2 supply and demand during malignant proliferation, leads to the development of hypoxic tumor microenvironments that promote the acquisition of aggressive cancer cell phenotypes linked to metastasis and patient mortality. In this review, the mechanistic links between tumor hypoxia and metastatic progression are presented. Current status and perspectives of targeting hypoxia signaling pathways as a strategy to halt cancer cell metastatic activities are emphasized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luana Schito
- UCD School of Medicine, Belfield, Dublin D04 C7X2, Ireland; UCD Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin D04 C7X2, Ireland.
| | - Sergio Rey-Keim
- UCD School of Medicine, Belfield, Dublin D04 C7X2, Ireland; UCD Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin D04 C7X2, Ireland.
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8
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Chattopadhyay S, Liao YP, Wang X, Nel AE. Use of Stromal Intervention and Exogenous Neoantigen Vaccination to Boost Pancreatic Cancer Chemo-Immunotherapy by Nanocarriers. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:1205. [PMID: 37892935 PMCID: PMC10604647 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10101205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the formidable treatment challenges of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), considerable progress has been made in improving drug delivery via pioneering nanocarriers. These innovations are geared towards overcoming the obstacles presented by dysplastic stroma and fostering anti-PDAC immune reactions. We are currently conducting research aimed at enhancing chemotherapy to stimulate anti-tumor immunity by inducing immunogenic cell death (ICD). This is accomplished using lipid bilayer-coated nanocarriers, which enable the attainment of synergistic results. Noteworthy examples include liposomes and lipid-coated mesoporous silica nanoparticles known as "silicasomes". These nanocarriers facilitate remote chemotherapy loading, as well as the seamless integration of immunomodulators into the lipid bilayer. In this communication, we elucidate innovative ways for further improving chemo-immunotherapy. The first is the development of a liposome platform engineered by the remote loading of irinotecan while incorporating a pro-resolving lipoxin in the lipid bilayer. This carrier interfered in stromal collagen deposition, as well as boosting the irinotecan-induced ICD response. The second approach was to synthesize polymer nanoparticles for the delivery of mutated KRAS peptides in conjunction with a TLR7/8 agonist. The dual delivery vaccine particle boosted the generation of antigen-specific cytotoxic T-cells that are recruited to lymphoid structures at the cancer site, with a view to strengthening the endogenous vaccination response achieved by chemo-immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saborni Chattopadhyay
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Yu-Pei Liao
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Division of NanoMedicine, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Xiang Wang
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Division of NanoMedicine, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - André E. Nel
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Division of NanoMedicine, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
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9
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Zaarour RF, Ribeiro M, Azzarone B, Kapoor S, Chouaib S. Tumor microenvironment-induced tumor cell plasticity: relationship with hypoxic stress and impact on tumor resistance. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1222575. [PMID: 37886168 PMCID: PMC10598765 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1222575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The role of tumor interaction with stromal components during carcinogenesis is crucial for the design of efficient cancer treatment approaches. It is widely admitted that tumor hypoxic stress is associated with tumor aggressiveness and thus impacts susceptibility and resistance to different types of treatments. Notable biological processes that hypoxia functions in include its regulation of tumor heterogeneity and plasticity. While hypoxia has been reported as a major player in tumor survival and dissemination regulation, the significance of hypoxia inducible factors in cancer stem cell development remains poorly understood. Several reports indicate that the emergence of cancer stem cells in addition to their phenotype and function within a hypoxic tumor microenvironment impacts cancer progression. In this respect, evidence showed that cancer stem cells are key elements of intratumoral heterogeneity and more importantly are responsible for tumor relapse and escape to treatments. This paper briefly reviews our current knowledge of the interaction between tumor hypoxic stress and its role in stemness acquisition and maintenance. Our review extensively covers the influence of hypoxia on the formation and maintenance of cancer stem cells and discusses the potential of targeting hypoxia-induced alterations in the expression and function of the so far known stem cell markers in cancer therapy approaches. We believe that a better and integrated understanding of the effect of hypoxia on stemness during carcinogenesis might lead to new strategies for exploiting hypoxia-associated pathways and their targeting in the clinical setting in order to overcome resistance mechanisms. More importantly, at the present time, efforts are oriented towards the design of innovative therapeutical approaches that specifically target cancer stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- RF. Zaarour
- Thumbay Research Institute for Precision Medicine, Gulf Medical University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
| | - M. Ribeiro
- Thumbay Research Institute for Precision Medicine, Gulf Medical University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
| | - B. Azzarone
- Tumor Immunology Unit, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - S. Kapoor
- Thumbay Research Institute for Precision Medicine, Gulf Medical University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
| | - S. Chouaib
- Thumbay Research Institute for Precision Medicine, Gulf Medical University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
- INSERM UMR 1186, Integrative Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy, Gustave Roussy, Faculty of Medicine, University Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
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10
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Ildiz ES, Gvozdenovic A, Kovacs WJ, Aceto N. Travelling under pressure - hypoxia and shear stress in the metastatic journey. Clin Exp Metastasis 2023; 40:375-394. [PMID: 37490147 PMCID: PMC10495280 DOI: 10.1007/s10585-023-10224-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
Cancer cell invasion, intravasation and survival in the bloodstream are early steps of the metastatic process, pivotal to enabling the spread of cancer to distant tissues. Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) represent a highly selected subpopulation of cancer cells that tamed these critical steps, and a better understanding of their biology and driving molecular principles may facilitate the development of novel tools to prevent metastasis. Here, we describe key research advances in this field, aiming at describing early metastasis-related processes such as collective invasion, shedding, and survival of CTCs in the bloodstream, paying particular attention to microenvironmental factors like hypoxia and mechanical stress, considered as important influencers of the metastatic journey.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ece Su Ildiz
- Department of Biology, Institute of Molecular Health Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich (ETH Zurich), Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ana Gvozdenovic
- Department of Biology, Institute of Molecular Health Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich (ETH Zurich), Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Werner J Kovacs
- Department of Biology, Institute of Molecular Health Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich (ETH Zurich), Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Nicola Aceto
- Department of Biology, Institute of Molecular Health Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich (ETH Zurich), Zurich, Switzerland.
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11
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Löser R, Kuchar M, Wodtke R, Neuber C, Belter B, Kopka K, Santhanam L, Pietzsch J. Lysyl Oxidases as Targets for Cancer Therapy and Diagnostic Imaging. ChemMedChem 2023; 18:e202300331. [PMID: 37565736 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202300331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
The understanding of the contribution of the tumour microenvironment to cancer progression and metastasis, in particular the interplay between tumour cells, fibroblasts and the extracellular matrix has grown tremendously over the last years. Lysyl oxidases are increasingly recognised as key players in this context, in addition to their function as drivers of fibrotic diseases. These insights have considerably stimulated drug discovery efforts towards lysyl oxidases as targets over the last decade. This review article summarises the biochemical and structural properties of theses enzymes. Their involvement in tumour progression and metastasis is highlighted from a biochemical point of view, taking into consideration both the extracellular and intracellular action of lysyl oxidases. More recently reported inhibitor compounds are discussed with an emphasis on their discovery, structure-activity relationships and the results of their biological characterisation. Molecular probes developed for imaging of lysyl oxidase activity are reviewed from the perspective of their detection principles, performance and biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reik Löser
- Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328, Dresden, Germany
- Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, School of Science, Technische Universität Dresden, Mommsenstraße 4, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Manuela Kuchar
- Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328, Dresden, Germany
| | - Robert Wodtke
- Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328, Dresden, Germany
| | - Christin Neuber
- Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328, Dresden, Germany
| | - Birgit Belter
- Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328, Dresden, Germany
| | - Klaus Kopka
- Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328, Dresden, Germany
- Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, School of Science, Technische Universität Dresden, Mommsenstraße 4, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Lakshmi Santhanam
- Departments of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine and Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Jens Pietzsch
- Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328, Dresden, Germany
- Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, School of Science, Technische Universität Dresden, Mommsenstraße 4, 01069, Dresden, Germany
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12
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Chitty JL, Yam M, Perryman L, Parker AL, Skhinas JN, Setargew YFI, Mok ETY, Tran E, Grant RD, Latham SL, Pereira BA, Ritchie SC, Murphy KJ, Trpceski M, Findlay AD, Melenec P, Filipe EC, Nadalini A, Velayuthar S, Major G, Wyllie K, Papanicolaou M, Ratnaseelan S, Phillips PA, Sharbeen G, Youkhana J, Russo A, Blackwell A, Hastings JF, Lucas MC, Chambers CR, Reed DA, Stoehr J, Vennin C, Pidsley R, Zaratzian A, Da Silva AM, Tayao M, Charlton B, Herrmann D, Nobis M, Clark SJ, Biankin AV, Johns AL, Croucher DR, Nagrial A, Gill AJ, Grimmond SM, Pajic M, Timpson P, Jarolimek W, Cox TR. A first-in-class pan-lysyl oxidase inhibitor impairs stromal remodeling and enhances gemcitabine response and survival in pancreatic cancer. NATURE CANCER 2023; 4:1326-1344. [PMID: 37640930 PMCID: PMC10518255 DOI: 10.1038/s43018-023-00614-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
The lysyl oxidase family represents a promising target in stromal targeting of solid tumors due to the importance of this family in crosslinking and stabilizing fibrillar collagens and its known role in tumor desmoplasia. Using small-molecule drug-design approaches, we generated and validated PXS-5505, a first-in-class highly selective and potent pan-lysyl oxidase inhibitor. We demonstrate in vitro and in vivo that pan-lysyl oxidase inhibition decreases chemotherapy-induced pancreatic tumor desmoplasia and stiffness, reduces cancer cell invasion and metastasis, improves tumor perfusion and enhances the efficacy of chemotherapy in the autochthonous genetically engineered KPC model, while also demonstrating antifibrotic effects in human patient-derived xenograft models of pancreatic cancer. PXS-5505 is orally bioavailable, safe and effective at inhibiting lysyl oxidase activity in tissues. Our findings present the rationale for progression of a pan-lysyl oxidase inhibitor aimed at eliciting a reduction in stromal matrix to potentiate chemotherapy in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica L Chitty
- Cancer Ecosystems Program, The Garvan Institute of Medical Research and The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Clinical Medicine, St Vincent's Healthcare Clinical Campus, UNSW Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Michelle Yam
- Cancer Ecosystems Program, The Garvan Institute of Medical Research and The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Lara Perryman
- Pharmaxis, Frenchs Forest, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Amelia L Parker
- Cancer Ecosystems Program, The Garvan Institute of Medical Research and The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Clinical Medicine, St Vincent's Healthcare Clinical Campus, UNSW Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Joanna N Skhinas
- Cancer Ecosystems Program, The Garvan Institute of Medical Research and The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Yordanos F I Setargew
- Cancer Ecosystems Program, The Garvan Institute of Medical Research and The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Ellie T Y Mok
- Cancer Ecosystems Program, The Garvan Institute of Medical Research and The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Emmi Tran
- Cancer Ecosystems Program, The Garvan Institute of Medical Research and The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Rhiannon D Grant
- Cancer Ecosystems Program, The Garvan Institute of Medical Research and The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Sharissa L Latham
- School of Clinical Medicine, St Vincent's Healthcare Clinical Campus, UNSW Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- The Garvan Institute of Medical Research and The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Brooke A Pereira
- School of Clinical Medicine, St Vincent's Healthcare Clinical Campus, UNSW Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- The Garvan Institute of Medical Research and The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Shona C Ritchie
- The Garvan Institute of Medical Research and The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Kendelle J Murphy
- School of Clinical Medicine, St Vincent's Healthcare Clinical Campus, UNSW Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- The Garvan Institute of Medical Research and The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Michael Trpceski
- School of Clinical Medicine, St Vincent's Healthcare Clinical Campus, UNSW Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- The Garvan Institute of Medical Research and The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
| | | | - Pauline Melenec
- The Garvan Institute of Medical Research and The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Elysse C Filipe
- Cancer Ecosystems Program, The Garvan Institute of Medical Research and The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Clinical Medicine, St Vincent's Healthcare Clinical Campus, UNSW Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Audrey Nadalini
- Cancer Ecosystems Program, The Garvan Institute of Medical Research and The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Sipiththa Velayuthar
- Cancer Ecosystems Program, The Garvan Institute of Medical Research and The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Gretel Major
- Cancer Ecosystems Program, The Garvan Institute of Medical Research and The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Kaitlin Wyllie
- Cancer Ecosystems Program, The Garvan Institute of Medical Research and The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Michael Papanicolaou
- Cancer Ecosystems Program, The Garvan Institute of Medical Research and The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Shivanjali Ratnaseelan
- Cancer Ecosystems Program, The Garvan Institute of Medical Research and The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Phoebe A Phillips
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - George Sharbeen
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Janet Youkhana
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Alice Russo
- The Garvan Institute of Medical Research and The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Antonia Blackwell
- The Garvan Institute of Medical Research and The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jordan F Hastings
- The Garvan Institute of Medical Research and The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Morghan C Lucas
- The Garvan Institute of Medical Research and The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Cecilia R Chambers
- The Garvan Institute of Medical Research and The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Daniel A Reed
- The Garvan Institute of Medical Research and The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Janett Stoehr
- The Garvan Institute of Medical Research and The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Claire Vennin
- The Garvan Institute of Medical Research and The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Ruth Pidsley
- School of Clinical Medicine, St Vincent's Healthcare Clinical Campus, UNSW Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- The Garvan Institute of Medical Research and The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Anaiis Zaratzian
- The Garvan Institute of Medical Research and The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Andrew M Da Silva
- The Garvan Institute of Medical Research and The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Michael Tayao
- The Garvan Institute of Medical Research and The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
| | | | - David Herrmann
- Cancer Ecosystems Program, The Garvan Institute of Medical Research and The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Clinical Medicine, St Vincent's Healthcare Clinical Campus, UNSW Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Max Nobis
- School of Clinical Medicine, St Vincent's Healthcare Clinical Campus, UNSW Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- The Garvan Institute of Medical Research and The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
- Intravital Imaging Expertise Center, VIB Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Susan J Clark
- School of Clinical Medicine, St Vincent's Healthcare Clinical Campus, UNSW Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- The Garvan Institute of Medical Research and The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Andrew V Biankin
- Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, School of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- West of Scotland Pancreatic Unit, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, Glasgow, UK
| | - Amber L Johns
- The Garvan Institute of Medical Research and The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
| | - David R Croucher
- School of Clinical Medicine, St Vincent's Healthcare Clinical Campus, UNSW Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- The Garvan Institute of Medical Research and The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Adnan Nagrial
- Department of Medical Oncology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Anthony J Gill
- The Garvan Institute of Medical Research and The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
- Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- NSW Health Pathology, Department of Anatomical Pathology, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Cancer Diagnosis and Pathology Research Group, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Sean M Grimmond
- University of Melbourne Centre for Cancer Research, VCCC, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Marina Pajic
- School of Clinical Medicine, St Vincent's Healthcare Clinical Campus, UNSW Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- The Garvan Institute of Medical Research and The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Paul Timpson
- Cancer Ecosystems Program, The Garvan Institute of Medical Research and The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Clinical Medicine, St Vincent's Healthcare Clinical Campus, UNSW Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | | | - Thomas R Cox
- Cancer Ecosystems Program, The Garvan Institute of Medical Research and The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia.
- School of Clinical Medicine, St Vincent's Healthcare Clinical Campus, UNSW Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
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13
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An YF, Pu N, Jia JB, Wang WQ, Liu L. Therapeutic advances targeting tumor angiogenesis in pancreatic cancer: Current dilemmas and future directions. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2023; 1878:188958. [PMID: 37495194 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2023.188958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is one of the most lethal malignancies, which is generally resistant to various treatments. Tumor angiogenesis is deemed to be a pivotal rate-determining step for tumor growth and metastasis. Therefore, anti-angiogenetic therapy is a rational strategy to treat various cancers. However, numerous clinical trials on anti-angiogenetic therapies for PC are overwhelmingly disappointing. The unique characteristics of tumor blood vessels in PC, which are desperately lacking and highly compressed by the dense desmoplastic stroma, are reconsidered to explore some optimized strategies. In this review, we mainly focus on its specific characteristics of tumor blood vessels, discuss the current dilemmas of anti-angiogenic therapy in PC and their underlying mechanisms. Furthermore, we point out the future directions, including remodeling the abnormal vasculature or even reshaping the whole tumor microenvironment in which they are embedded to improve tumor microcirculation, and then create therapeutic vulnerabilities to the current available therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Fei An
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Basic Medicine, Chang Zhi Medical College, Changzhi 046000,China; Department of Basic Medicine and Institute of Liver Diseases, Shan Xi Medical University, Taiyuan 030000, China
| | - Ning Pu
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jin-Bin Jia
- Department of Basic Medicine and Institute of Liver Diseases, Shan Xi Medical University, Taiyuan 030000, China.
| | - Wen-Quan Wang
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Liang Liu
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
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14
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Safaei S, Sajed R, Shariftabrizi A, Dorafshan S, Saeednejad Zanjani L, Dehghan Manshadi M, Madjd Z, Ghods R. Tumor matrix stiffness provides fertile soil for cancer stem cells. Cancer Cell Int 2023; 23:143. [PMID: 37468874 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-023-02992-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Matrix stiffness is a mechanical characteristic of the extracellular matrix (ECM) that increases from the tumor core to the tumor periphery in a gradient pattern in a variety of solid tumors and can promote proliferation, invasion, metastasis, drug resistance, and recurrence. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are a rare subpopulation of tumor cells with self-renewal, asymmetric cell division, and differentiation capabilities. CSCs are thought to be responsible for metastasis, tumor recurrence, chemotherapy resistance, and consequently poor clinical outcomes. Evidence suggests that matrix stiffness can activate receptors and mechanosensor/mechanoregulator proteins such as integrin, FAK, and YAP, modulating the characteristics of tumor cells as well as CSCs through different molecular signaling pathways. A deeper understanding of the effect of matrix stiffness on CSCs characteristics could lead to development of innovative cancer therapies. In this review, we discuss how the stiffness of the ECM is sensed by the cells and how the cells respond to this environmental change as well as the effect of matrix stiffness on CSCs characteristics and also the key malignant processes such as proliferation and EMT. Then, we specifically focus on how increased matrix stiffness affects CSCs in breast, lung, liver, pancreatic, and colorectal cancers. We also discuss how the molecules responsible for increased matrix stiffness and the signaling pathways activated by the enhanced stiffness can be manipulated as a therapeutic strategy for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadegh Safaei
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Hemmat Street (Highway), Next to Milad Tower, Tehran, 14496-14530, Iran
- Oncopathology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Hemmat Street (Highway), Next to Milad Tower, Tehran, 14496-14530, Iran
| | - Roya Sajed
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Hemmat Street (Highway), Next to Milad Tower, Tehran, 14496-14530, Iran
- Oncopathology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Hemmat Street (Highway), Next to Milad Tower, Tehran, 14496-14530, Iran
| | - Ahmad Shariftabrizi
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USA
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Shima Dorafshan
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Hemmat Street (Highway), Next to Milad Tower, Tehran, 14496-14530, Iran
- Oncopathology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Hemmat Street (Highway), Next to Milad Tower, Tehran, 14496-14530, Iran
| | - Leili Saeednejad Zanjani
- Oncopathology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Hemmat Street (Highway), Next to Milad Tower, Tehran, 14496-14530, Iran
- Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Masoumeh Dehghan Manshadi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Hemmat Street (Highway), Next to Milad Tower, Tehran, 14496-14530, Iran
- Oncopathology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Hemmat Street (Highway), Next to Milad Tower, Tehran, 14496-14530, Iran
| | - Zahra Madjd
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Hemmat Street (Highway), Next to Milad Tower, Tehran, 14496-14530, Iran.
- Oncopathology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Hemmat Street (Highway), Next to Milad Tower, Tehran, 14496-14530, Iran.
| | - Roya Ghods
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Hemmat Street (Highway), Next to Milad Tower, Tehran, 14496-14530, Iran.
- Oncopathology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Hemmat Street (Highway), Next to Milad Tower, Tehran, 14496-14530, Iran.
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15
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Giustarini G, Teng G, Pavesi A, Adriani G. Characterization of 3D heterocellular spheroids of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma for the study of cell interactions in the tumor immune microenvironment. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1156769. [PMID: 37519820 PMCID: PMC10375712 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1156769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the deadliest malignancies nowadays. The available chemo- and immunotherapies are often ineffective in treating PDAC due to its immunosuppressive and highly desmoplastic tumor immune microenvironment (TIME), which is hardly reproduced in the existing preclinical models. The PDAC TIME results from a peculiar spatial organization between different cell types. For this reason, developing new human models recapitulating the tissue organization and cell heterogeneity of PDAC is highly desirable. We developed human 3D heterocellular tumor spheroids of PDAC formed by cancer cells, endothelial cells, pancreatic stellate cells (PSC), and monocytes. As a control, we formed spheroids using immortalized epithelial pancreatic ductal cells (non-cancerous spheroids) with cellular heterogeneity similar to the tumor spheroids. Normal spheroids containing endothelial cells formed a complex 3D endothelial network significantly compromised in tumor spheroids. Monocyte/macrophages within the 4-culture tumor spheroids were characterized by a higher expression of CD163, CD206, PD-L1, and CD40 than those in the non-cancerous spheroids suggesting their differentiation towards an immunosuppressive phenotype. The heterocellular tumor spheroids presented a hypoxic core populated with PSC and monocytes/macrophages. The 4-culture tumor spheroids were characterized by spatial proximity of PSC and monocytes to the endothelial cells and a cytokine signature with increased concentrations of CXCL10, CCL2, and IL-6, which have been observed in PDAC patients and associated with poor survival. Further, 4-culture tumor spheroids decreased the concentrations of T-cell chemoattracting cytokines, i.e., CCL4, CCL5, and CXCL9, when compared with the non-cancerous spheroids, revealing a critical immunosuppressive feature of the different types of cells forming the tumor spheroids. Our results showed that the 4-culture tumor spheroids better resembled some critical features of patients' PDAC TIME than monoculture tumor spheroids. Using the proposed human 3D spheroid model for therapy testing at the preclinical stage may reveal pitfalls of chemo- and immuno-therapies to help the development of better anti-tumor therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulio Giustarini
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (ASTAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Germaine Teng
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (ASTAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Andrea Pavesi
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (ASTAR), Singapore, Singapore
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Giulia Adriani
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (ASTAR), Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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16
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Bui CB, To KD, Vu DM, Nguyen QG, Nguyen HT, Nguyen SB. Denatured collagen inhibits neuroblastoma tumor-sphere migration and growth via the LOX/LOXL2 - FAK signaling pathway. J Therm Biol 2023; 115:103624. [PMID: 37399743 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2023.103624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
A complex interplay exists within the tumor microenvironment and extracellular matrix, which could contribute to solid tumor progression. Collagen, a major component of the extracellular matrix, may correlate with cancer prognosis. While thermal ablation has shown promise as a minimally invasive treatment of solid tumors, its impact on collagen is still unknown. In this study, we demonstrate that thermal ablation, but not cryo-ablation, induces irreversible collagen denaturation in a neuroblastoma sphere model. Prolonged collagen denaturation resulted in a significant reduction in sphere stiffness, migration, and proliferation, and an increase in apoptosis. Mechanistic analysis revealed that collagen denaturation inhibited collagen cross-linking, reduced extracellular LOX/LOXL2 expression, and resulted in decreased phosphorylation of FAK. Downstream of FAK, we observed reduced epithelial to mesenchymal transition, attenuated CDC42 expression, and decreased migration. Collectively, these results suggest that denatured collagen presents a novel target for modulating the tumor microenvironment and treating solid cancers via the LOX1/LOXL2-FAK signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Bao Bui
- Unit of Molecular Biology, City Children's Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam; School of Medicine, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam; Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Kha Dong To
- School of Medicine, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam; University College London, London, United Kingdom; Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Diem My Vu
- Center for Molecular Biomedicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Quynh-Giang Nguyen
- School of Medicine, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam; Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Hiep Thi Nguyen
- School of Biomedical Engineering, International University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Si-Bao Nguyen
- School of Medicine, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam; Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
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17
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Huang R, Hammelef E, Sabitsky M, Ream C, Khalilieh S, Zohar N, Lavu H, Bowne WB, Yeo CJ, Nevler A. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Is Associated with Worse Oncologic Outcomes in Early-Stage Resected Pancreatic and Periampullary Cancers. Biomedicines 2023; 11:1684. [PMID: 37371779 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11061684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is the 3rd leading cause of cancer mortality in the United States. Hypoxic and hypercapnic tumor microenvironments have been suggested to promote tumor aggressiveness. The objective of this study was to evaluate the association between chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and oncologic survival outcomes in patients with early-stage PDAC and periampullary cancers. In this case-control study, patients who underwent a pancreaticoduodenectomy during 2014-2021 were assessed. Demographic, perioperative, histologic, and oncologic data were collected. A total of 503 PDAC and periampullary adenocarcinoma patients were identified, 257 males and 246 females, with a mean age of 68.1 (±9.8) years and a mean pre-operative BMI of 26.6 (±4.7) kg/m2. Fifty-two percent of patients (N = 262) reported a history of smoking. A total of 42 patients (8.3%) had COPD. The average resected tumor size was 2.9 ± 1.4 cm and 65% of the specimens (N = 329) were positive for lymph-node involvement. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that COPD was associated with worse overall and disease-specific survival (p < 0.05). Cox regression analysis showed COPD to be an independent prognostic factor (HR = 1.5, 95% CI 1.0-2.3, p = 0.039) along with margin status, lymphovascular invasion, and perineural invasion (p < 0.05 each). A 1:3 nearest neighbor propensity score matching was also employed and revealed COPD to be an independent risk factor for overall and disease-specific survival (OR 1.8 and OR 1.6, respectively; p < 0.05 each). These findings may support the rationale posed by in vitro laboratory studies, suggesting an important impact of hypoxic and hypercapnic tumor respiratory microenvironments in promoting therapy resistance in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Huang
- Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Emma Hammelef
- Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Matthew Sabitsky
- Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Carolyn Ream
- Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Saed Khalilieh
- Jefferson Pancreas, Biliary and Related Cancer Center, Department of Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Nitzan Zohar
- Jefferson Pancreas, Biliary and Related Cancer Center, Department of Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Harish Lavu
- Jefferson Pancreas, Biliary and Related Cancer Center, Department of Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Wilbur B Bowne
- Jefferson Pancreas, Biliary and Related Cancer Center, Department of Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Charles J Yeo
- Jefferson Pancreas, Biliary and Related Cancer Center, Department of Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Avinoam Nevler
- Jefferson Pancreas, Biliary and Related Cancer Center, Department of Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
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18
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Papavassiliou KA, Basdra EK, Papavassiliou AG. The emerging promise of tumour mechanobiology in cancer treatment. Eur J Cancer 2023; 190:112938. [PMID: 37390803 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2023.112938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023]
Abstract
Tumour cell biomechanics has lately came to the fore as a disparate feature that fosters cancer development and progression. Tumour mechanosensing entails a mechanical interplay amongst tumour cells, extracellular matrix (ECM) and cells of the tumour microenvironment (TME). Sensory receptors (mechanoceptors) detect changes of extracellular mechanical inputs such as various types of mechanical forces/stress and trigger oncogenic signalling pathways advocating for cancer initiation, growth, survival, angiogenesis, invasion, metastasis, and immune evasion. Moreover, alterations in ECM stiffness and potentiation of mechanostimulated transcriptional regulatory molecules (transcription factors/cofactors) have been shown to strongly correlate with resistance to anticancer drugs. On this basis, new mechanosensitive proteins emerge as potential therapeutic targets and/or biomarkers in cancer. Accordingly, tumour mechanobiology arises as a promising field that can potentially provide novel combinatorial regimens to reverse drug resistance, as well as offer unprecedented targeting approaches that may help to more effectively treat a large proportion of solid tumours and their complications. Here, we highlight recent findings regarding various aspects of tumour mechanobiology in the clinical setting and discuss evidence-based perspectives of developing diagnostic/prognostic tools and therapeutic approaches that exploit tumour-TME physical associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kostas A Papavassiliou
- First University Department of Respiratory Medicine, 'Sotiria' Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Efthimia K Basdra
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Athanasios G Papavassiliou
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
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19
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Ruan Y, Tang Q, Qiao J, Wang J, Li H, Yue X, Sun Y, Wang P, Yang H, Liu Z. Identification of a novel glycolysis-related prognosis risk signature in triple-negative breast cancer. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1171496. [PMID: 37274269 PMCID: PMC10233057 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1171496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a particularly aggressive cluster of breast cancer characterized by significant molecular heterogeneity. Glycolysis is a metabolic pathway that is significantly associated with cancer progression, metastasis, recurrence and chemoresistance. However, the potential roles of glycolysis-related genes in TNBC remain unclear. Methods In the present study, we identified 108 glycolysis-related differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between breast cancer (BRCA) tumor tissues and normal tissues, and we divided patients into two different clusters with significantly distinct molecular characteristics, clinicopathological features, prognosis, immune cell infiltration and mutation burden. We then constructed a 10-gene signature that classified all TNBCs into low- and high-risk groups. Results The high-risk group had significantly lower survival than the low-risk group, which implied that the risk score was an independent prognostic indicator for TNBC patients. Consequently, we constructed and validated a prognostic nomogram, which accurately predicted individual overall survival (OS) of TNBC. Moreover, the risk score predicted the drug sensitivity of chemotherapeutic agents and immunotherapy for TNBC patients. Discussion The present comprehensive analysis of glycolysis-related DEGs in TNBC provides new methods for prognosis prediction and more effective treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxia Ruan
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University and Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Qiang Tang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianghua Qiao
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University and Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jiabin Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University and Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Huimin Li
- Department of Cancer Cell Biology, Tianjin’s Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiayu Yue
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University and Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yadong Sun
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University and Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Peili Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University and Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hanzhao Yang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University and Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhenzhen Liu
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University and Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
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20
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Schwörer S, Cimino FV, Ros M, Tsanov KM, Ng C, Lowe SW, Carmona-Fontaine C, Thompson CB. Hypoxia Potentiates the Inflammatory Fibroblast Phenotype Promoted by Pancreatic Cancer Cell-Derived Cytokines. Cancer Res 2023; 83:1596-1610. [PMID: 36912618 PMCID: PMC10658995 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-22-2316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
Abstract
Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF) are a major cell type in the stroma of solid tumors and can exert both tumor-promoting and tumor-restraining functions. CAF heterogeneity is frequently observed in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), a tumor characterized by a dense and hypoxic stroma that features myofibroblastic CAFs (myCAF) and inflammatory CAFs (iCAF) that are thought to have opposing roles in tumor progression. While CAF heterogeneity can be driven in part by tumor cell-produced cytokines, other determinants shaping CAF identity and function are largely unknown. In vivo, we found that iCAFs displayed a hypoxic gene expression and biochemical profile and were enriched in hypoxic regions of PDAC tumors, while myCAFs were excluded from these regions. Hypoxia led fibroblasts to acquire an inflammatory gene expression signature and synergized with cancer cell-derived cytokines to promote an iCAF phenotype in a HIF1α-dependent fashion. Furthermore, HIF1α stabilization was sufficient to induce an iCAF phenotype in stromal cells introduced into PDAC organoid cocultures and to promote PDAC tumor growth. These findings indicate hypoxia-induced HIF1α as a regulator of CAF heterogeneity and promoter of tumor progression in PDAC. SIGNIFICANCE Hypoxia in the tumor microenvironment of pancreatic cancer potentiates the cytokine-induced inflammatory CAF phenotype and promotes tumor growth. See related commentary by Fuentes and Taniguchi, p. 1560.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Schwörer
- Section of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Francesco V Cimino
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Manon Ros
- Center for Genomics and Systems Biology, New York University, New York, New York
| | - Kaloyan M Tsanov
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Charles Ng
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Scott W Lowe
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, Maryland
| | | | - Craig B Thompson
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
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21
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Swietlik JJ, Bärthel S, Falcomatà C, Fink D, Sinha A, Cheng J, Ebner S, Landgraf P, Dieterich DC, Daub H, Saur D, Meissner F. Cell-selective proteomics segregates pancreatic cancer subtypes by extracellular proteins in tumors and circulation. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2642. [PMID: 37156840 PMCID: PMC10167354 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38171-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell-selective proteomics is a powerful emerging concept to study heterocellular processes in tissues. However, its high potential to identify non-cell-autonomous disease mechanisms and biomarkers has been hindered by low proteome coverage. Here, we address this limitation and devise a comprehensive azidonorleucine labeling, click chemistry enrichment, and mass spectrometry-based proteomics and secretomics strategy to dissect aberrant signals in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Our in-depth co-culture and in vivo analyses cover more than 10,000 cancer cell-derived proteins and reveal systematic differences between molecular PDAC subtypes. Secreted proteins, such as chemokines and EMT-promoting matrisome proteins, associated with distinct macrophage polarization and tumor stromal composition, differentiate classical and mesenchymal PDAC. Intriguingly, more than 1,600 cancer cell-derived proteins including cytokines and pre-metastatic niche formation-associated factors in mouse serum reflect tumor activity in circulation. Our findings highlight how cell-selective proteomics can accelerate the discovery of diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan J Swietlik
- Experimental Systems Immunology, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Stefanie Bärthel
- Division of Translational Cancer Research, German Cancer Research Center and German Cancer Consortium, Heidelberg, Germany
- Chair of Translational Cancer Research and Institute of Experimental Cancer Therapy, University Hospital Rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Center for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Chiara Falcomatà
- Division of Translational Cancer Research, German Cancer Research Center and German Cancer Consortium, Heidelberg, Germany
- Chair of Translational Cancer Research and Institute of Experimental Cancer Therapy, University Hospital Rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Center for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Diana Fink
- Institute of Innate Immunity, Department of Systems Immunology and Proteomics, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Ankit Sinha
- Department of Proteomics and Signal Transduction, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Jingyuan Cheng
- Experimental Systems Immunology, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Stefan Ebner
- Institute of Innate Immunity, Department of Systems Immunology and Proteomics, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Peter Landgraf
- Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Daniela C Dieterich
- Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
- Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Henrik Daub
- NEOsphere Biotechnologies GmbH, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Dieter Saur
- Division of Translational Cancer Research, German Cancer Research Center and German Cancer Consortium, Heidelberg, Germany.
- Chair of Translational Cancer Research and Institute of Experimental Cancer Therapy, University Hospital Rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.
- Center for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.
| | - Felix Meissner
- Experimental Systems Immunology, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany.
- Institute of Innate Immunity, Department of Systems Immunology and Proteomics, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
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22
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Abou Khouzam R, Lehn JM, Mayr H, Clavien PA, Wallace MB, Ducreux M, Limani P, Chouaib S. Hypoxia, a Targetable Culprit to Counter Pancreatic Cancer Resistance to Therapy. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15041235. [PMID: 36831579 PMCID: PMC9953896 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15041235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is the most common type of pancreatic cancer, and it is a disease of dismal prognosis. While immunotherapy has revolutionized the treatment of various solid tumors, it has achieved little success in PDAC. Hypoxia within the stroma-rich tumor microenvironment is associated with resistance to therapies and promotes angiogenesis, giving rise to a chaotic and leaky vasculature that is inefficient at shuttling oxygen and nutrients. Hypoxia and its downstream effectors have been implicated in immune resistance and could be contributing to the lack of response to immunotherapy experienced by patients with PDAC. Paradoxically, increasing evidence has shown hypoxia to augment genomic instability and mutagenesis in cancer, suggesting that hypoxic tumor cells could have increased production of neoantigens that can potentially enable their clearance by cytotoxic immune cells. Strategies aimed at relieving this condition have been on the rise, and one such approach opts for normalizing the tumor vasculature to reverse hypoxia and its downstream support of tumor pathogenesis. An important consideration for the successful implementation of such strategies in the clinic is that not all PDACs are equally hypoxic, therefore hypoxia-detection approaches should be integrated to enable optimal patient selection for achieving improved patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raefa Abou Khouzam
- Thumbay Research Institute for Precision Medicine, Gulf Medical University, Ajman P.O. Box 4184, United Arab Emirates
| | - Jean-Marie Lehn
- Institut de Science et d’Ingénierie Supramoléculaires (ISIS), Université de Strasbourg, 8 Allée Gaspard Monge, F-67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Hemma Mayr
- Swiss Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary (HPB) and Transplantation Center, University Hospital Zurich, Raemistrasse 100, CH-8091 Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Surgery & Transplantation, University Hospital Zurich, Raemistrasse 100, CH-8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Pierre-Alain Clavien
- Swiss Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary (HPB) and Transplantation Center, University Hospital Zurich, Raemistrasse 100, CH-8091 Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Surgery & Transplantation, University Hospital Zurich, Raemistrasse 100, CH-8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Michael Bradley Wallace
- Gastroenterology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Sheikh Shakhbout Medical City, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 11001, United Arab Emirates
| | - Michel Ducreux
- Department of Cancer Medicine, Gustave Roussy Cancer Institute, F-94805 Villejuif, France
| | - Perparim Limani
- Swiss Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary (HPB) and Transplantation Center, University Hospital Zurich, Raemistrasse 100, CH-8091 Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Surgery & Transplantation, University Hospital Zurich, Raemistrasse 100, CH-8091 Zurich, Switzerland
- Correspondence: (P.L.); (S.C.); Tel.: +41-78-859-68-07 (P.L.); +33-(0)1-42-11-45-47 (S.C.)
| | - Salem Chouaib
- Thumbay Research Institute for Precision Medicine, Gulf Medical University, Ajman P.O. Box 4184, United Arab Emirates
- INSERM UMR 1186, Integrative Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy, Gustave Roussy, Faculty of Medicine, University Paris-Saclay, F-94805 Villejuif, France
- Correspondence: (P.L.); (S.C.); Tel.: +41-78-859-68-07 (P.L.); +33-(0)1-42-11-45-47 (S.C.)
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23
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Huang Y, Sun H, Guo P. Research Progress of Tumor Microenvironment Targeted Therapy for Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma. Cancer Control 2023; 30:10732748231155700. [PMID: 36772805 PMCID: PMC9926375 DOI: 10.1177/10732748231155700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Renal clear cell carcinoma (ccRCC) and the tumor microenvironment (TME) influence each other, leading to the tumor microenvironment that can guide the corresponding treatment. With the deepening of research, some treatment options have achieved good results, such as tyrosine kinase inhibitors, immune checkpoint inhibitors, and so on. As the link between TME and malignancy is constantly discovered, more targeted studies on different components of TME are increasing, and this targeted therapy is a new method for treating ccRCC, and also a current research hotspot. This review summarizes the characteristics of the ccRCC tumor microenvironment, the outcomes of different treatments, and some potential targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongqiang Huang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Hong Sun
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Pu Guo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China,Pu Guo, Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical college, Bengbu 233000, China.
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24
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Picard FSR, Lutz V, Brichkina A, Neuhaus F, Ruckenbrod T, Hupfer A, Raifer H, Klein M, Bopp T, Pfefferle PI, Savai R, Prinz I, Waisman A, Moos S, Chang HD, Heinrich S, Bartsch DK, Buchholz M, Singh S, Tu M, Klein L, Bauer C, Liefke R, Burchert A, Chung HR, Mayer P, Gress TM, Lauth M, Gaida M, Huber M. IL-17A-producing CD8 + T cells promote PDAC via induction of inflammatory cancer-associated fibroblasts. Gut 2023:gutjnl-2022-327855. [PMID: 36759154 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2022-327855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is characterised by an abundant desmoplastic stroma composed of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF) and interspersed immune cells. A non-canonical CD8+ T-cell subpopulation producing IL-17A (Tc17) promotes autoimmunity and has been identified in tumours. Here, we evaluated the Tc17 role in PDAC. DESIGN Infiltration of Tc17 cells in PDAC tissue was correlated with patient overall survival and tumour stage. Wild-type (WT) or Il17ra-/- quiescent pancreatic stellate cells (qPSC) were exposed to conditional media obtained from Tc17 cells (Tc17-CM); moreover, co-culture of Tc17-CM-induced inflammatory (i)CAF (Tc17-iCAF) with tumour cells was performed. IL-17A/F-, IL-17RA-, RAG1-deficient and Foxn1nu/nu mice were used to study the Tc17 role in subcutaneous and orthotopic PDAC mouse models. RESULTS Increased abundance of Tc17 cells highly correlated with reduced survival and advanced tumour stage in PDAC. Tc17-CM induced iCAF differentiation as assessed by the expression of iCAF-associated genes via synergism of IL-17A and TNF. Accordingly, IL-17RA controlled the responsiveness of qPSC to Tc17-CM. Pancreatic tumour cells co-cultured with Tc17-iCAF displayed enhanced proliferation and increased expression of genes implicated in proliferation, metabolism and protection from apoptosis. Tc17-iCAF accelerated growth of mouse and human tumours in Rag1-/- and Foxn1nu/nu mice, respectively. Finally, Il17ra-expressed by fibroblasts was required for Tc17-driven tumour growth in vivo. CONCLUSIONS We identified Tc17 as a novel protumourigenic CD8+ T-cell subtype in PDAC, which accelerated tumour growth via IL-17RA-dependent stroma modification. We described a crosstalk between three cell types, Tc17, fibroblasts and tumour cells, promoting PDAC progression, which resulted in poor prognosis for patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Veronika Lutz
- Institute of Systems Immunology, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Anna Brichkina
- Department of Gastroenterology, Endocrinology, Metabolism and Infection, Center for Tumor and Immunology (ZTI), Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Felix Neuhaus
- Institute of Systems Immunology, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Teresa Ruckenbrod
- Institute of Systems Immunology, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Anna Hupfer
- Department of Gastroenterology, Endocrinology, Metabolism and Infection, Center for Tumor and Immunology (ZTI), Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Hartmann Raifer
- Institute of Systems Immunology, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany.,Core-Facility Flow Cytometry, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Klein
- Institute for Immunology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Tobias Bopp
- Institute for Immunology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Petra Ina Pfefferle
- Comprehensive Biomaterial Bank Marburg (CBBMR), Philipps-Universitat Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Rajkumar Savai
- Department of Internal Medicine, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Justus Liebig Universitat, Giessen, Germany.,Department of Lung Development and Remodeling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Immo Prinz
- Institute of Systems Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ari Waisman
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Sonja Moos
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Hyun-Dong Chang
- Institute of Biotechnology, Technische Universität, Berlin, Germany.,German Rheumatism Research Center (DRFZ), An Institute of the Leibniz Association, Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefan Heinrich
- Department of Surgery, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Detlef K Bartsch
- Division of Visceral, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Malte Buchholz
- Department of Gastroenterology, Endocrinology, Metabolism and Infection, Center for Tumor and Immunology (ZTI), Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Shiv Singh
- Department of Gastroenterology, Gastrointestinal Oncology and Endocrinology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Mengyu Tu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Gastrointestinal Oncology and Endocrinology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Lukas Klein
- Department of Gastroenterology, Gastrointestinal Oncology and Endocrinology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Christian Bauer
- Department of Gastroenterology, Endocrinology, Metabolism and Infection, Center for Tumor and Immunology (ZTI), Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Robert Liefke
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Tumor Research (IMT), Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Burchert
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Philipps University Marburg Faculty of Medicine, Marburg, Germany
| | - Ho-Ryun Chung
- Institute for Medical Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Philipp Mayer
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thomas M Gress
- Department of Gastroenterology, Endocrinology, Metabolism and Infection, Center for Tumor and Immunology (ZTI), Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Lauth
- Department of Gastroenterology, Endocrinology, Metabolism and Infection, Center for Tumor and Immunology (ZTI), Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Gaida
- Institute of Pathology, JGU Mainz, Mainz, Germany.,Research Center for Immunotherapy, University Medical Center Mainz, JGU-Mainz, Mainz, Germany.,Joint Unit Immunopathology, Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center, JGU-Mainz and TRON, Translational Oncology at the University Medical Center, JGU-Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Magdalena Huber
- Institute of Systems Immunology, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
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25
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Tanaka HY, Nakazawa T, Enomoto A, Masamune A, Kano MR. Therapeutic Strategies to Overcome Fibrotic Barriers to Nanomedicine in the Pancreatic Tumor Microenvironment. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15030724. [PMID: 36765684 PMCID: PMC9913712 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15030724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is notorious for its dismal prognosis. The enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect theory posits that nanomedicines (therapeutics in the size range of approximately 10-200 nm) selectively accumulate in tumors. Nanomedicine has thus been suggested to be the "magic bullet"-both effective and safe-to treat pancreatic cancer. However, the densely fibrotic tumor microenvironment of pancreatic cancer impedes nanomedicine delivery. The EPR effect is thus insufficient to achieve a significant therapeutic effect. Intratumoral fibrosis is chiefly driven by aberrantly activated fibroblasts and the extracellular matrix (ECM) components secreted. Fibroblast and ECM abnormalities offer various potential targets for therapeutic intervention. In this review, we detail the diverse strategies being tested to overcome the fibrotic barriers to nanomedicine in pancreatic cancer. Strategies that target the fibrotic tissue/process are discussed first, which are followed by strategies to optimize nanomedicine design. We provide an overview of how a deeper understanding, increasingly at single-cell resolution, of fibroblast biology is revealing the complex role of the fibrotic stroma in pancreatic cancer pathogenesis and consider the therapeutic implications. Finally, we discuss critical gaps in our understanding and how we might better formulate strategies to successfully overcome the fibrotic barriers in pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyoshi Y. Tanaka
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biomedicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 1-1-1 Tsushima-naka, Kita-ku, Okayama-shi 700-8530, Okayama, Japan
| | - Takuya Nakazawa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biomedicine, Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University, 1-1-1 Tsushima-naka, Kita-ku, Okayama-shi 700-8530, Okayama, Japan
| | - Atsushi Enomoto
- Department of Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya-shi 466-8550, Aichi, Japan
| | - Atsushi Masamune
- Division of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai-shi 980-8574, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Mitsunobu R. Kano
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biomedicine, Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University, 1-1-1 Tsushima-naka, Kita-ku, Okayama-shi 700-8530, Okayama, Japan
- Correspondence:
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26
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Murphy KJ, Reed DA, Chambers CR, Zhu J, Magenau A, Pereira BA, Timpson P, Herrmann D. Cell-derived Matrix Assays to Assess Extracellular Matrix Architecture and Track Cell Movement. Bio Protoc 2022; 12:e4570. [PMID: 36618089 PMCID: PMC9797363 DOI: 10.21769/bioprotoc.4570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a non-cellular network of macromolecules, which provides cells and tissues with structural support and biomechanical feedback to regulate cellular function, tissue tension, and homeostasis. Even subtle changes to ECM abundance, architecture, and organization can affect downstream biological pathways, thereby influencing normal cell and tissue function and also driving disease conditions. For example, in cancer, the ECM is well known to provide both biophysical and biochemical cues that influence cancer initiation, progression, and metastasis, highlighting the need to better understand cell-ECM interactions in cancer and other ECM-enriched diseases. Initial cell-derived matrix (CDM) models were used as an in vitro system to mimic and assess the physiologically relevant three-dimensional (3D) cell-ECM interactions. Here, we describe an expansion to these initial CDM models generated by fibroblasts to assess the effect of genetic or pharmacological intervention on fibroblast-mediated matrix production and organization. Additionally, we highlight current methodologies to quantify changes in the ultrastructure and isotropy of the resulting ECM and also provide protocols for assessing cancer cell interaction with CDMs. Understanding the nature and influence of these complex and heterogeneous processes can offer insights into the biomechanical and biochemical mechanisms, which drive cancer development and metastasis, and how we can target them to improve cancer outcomes. This protocol was validated in: Sci Adv (2021), DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abh0363.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kendelle J. Murphy
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research and The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia
,
St Vincent’s Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2010 Australia
,
Cancer Ecosystems Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW, 2010 Australia
| | - Daniel A. Reed
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research and The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia
,
St Vincent’s Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2010 Australia
,
Cancer Ecosystems Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW, 2010 Australia
| | - Cecilia R. Chambers
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research and The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia
,
St Vincent’s Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2010 Australia
,
Cancer Ecosystems Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW, 2010 Australia
| | - Jessie Zhu
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research and The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia
,
St Vincent’s Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2010 Australia
,
Cancer Ecosystems Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW, 2010 Australia
| | - Astrid Magenau
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research and The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia
,
St Vincent’s Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2010 Australia
,
Cancer Ecosystems Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW, 2010 Australia
| | - Brooke A. Pereira
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research and The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia
,
St Vincent’s Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2010 Australia
,
Cancer Ecosystems Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW, 2010 Australia
| | - Paul Timpson
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research and The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia
,
St Vincent’s Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2010 Australia
,
Cancer Ecosystems Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW, 2010 Australia
,
*For correspondence:
;
| | - David Herrmann
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research and The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia
,
St Vincent’s Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2010 Australia
,
Cancer Ecosystems Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW, 2010 Australia
,
*For correspondence:
;
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27
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Jenkins BH, Buckingham JF, Hanley CJ, Thomas GJ. Targeting cancer-associated fibroblasts: Challenges, opportunities and future directions. Pharmacol Ther 2022; 240:108231. [PMID: 35718294 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2022.108231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are a common cell in the tumour microenvironment with diverse tumour-promoting functions. Their presence in tumours is commonly associated with poor prognosis making them attractive therapeutic targets, particularly in the context of immunotherapy where CAFs have been shown to promote resistance to checkpoint blockade. Previous attempts to inhibit CAFs clinically have not been successful, however, in part due to a lack of understanding of CAF heterogeneity and function, with some fibroblast populations potentially being tumour suppressive. Recent single-cell transcriptomic studies have advanced our understanding of fibroblast phenotypes in normal tissues and cancers, allowing for a more precise characterisation of CAF subsets and providing opportunities to develop new therapies. Here we review recent advances in the field, focusing on the evolving area of therapeutic CAF targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin H Jenkins
- School of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, UK
| | | | | | - Gareth J Thomas
- School of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, UK.
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28
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Clemente-González C, Carnero A. Role of the Hypoxic-Secretome in Seed and Soil Metastatic Preparation. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14235930. [PMID: 36497411 PMCID: PMC9738438 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14235930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
During tumor growth, the delivery of oxygen to cells is impaired due to aberrant or absent vasculature. This causes an adaptative response that activates the expression of genes that control several essential processes, such as glycolysis, neovascularization, immune suppression, and the cancer stemness phenotype, leading to increased metastasis and resistance to therapy. Hypoxic tumor cells also respond to an altered hypoxic microenvironment by secreting vesicles, factors, cytokines and nucleic acids that modify not only the immediate microenvironment but also organs at distant sites, allowing or facilitating the attachment and growth of tumor cells and contributing to metastasis. Hypoxia induces the release of molecules of different biochemical natures, either secreted or inside extracellular vesicles, and both tumor cells and stromal cells are involved in this process. The mechanisms by which these signals that can modify the premetastatic niche are sent from the primary tumor site include changes in the extracellular matrix, recruitment and activation of different stromal cells and immune or nonimmune cells, metabolic reprogramming, and molecular signaling network rewiring. In this review, we will discuss how hypoxia might alter the premetastatic niche through different signaling molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia Clemente-González
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBIS), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío (HUVR), Universidad de Sevilla, 41013 Seville, Spain
- CIBERONC (Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Cáncer), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Amancio Carnero
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBIS), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío (HUVR), Universidad de Sevilla, 41013 Seville, Spain
- CIBERONC (Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Cáncer), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence:
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Xu M, Zhang T, Xia R, Wei Y, Wei X. Targeting the tumor stroma for cancer therapy. Mol Cancer 2022; 21:208. [PMID: 36324128 PMCID: PMC9628074 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-022-01670-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumors are comprised of both cancer cells and surrounding stromal components. As an essential part of the tumor microenvironment, the tumor stroma is highly dynamic, heterogeneous and commonly tumor-type specific, and it mainly includes noncellular compositions such as the extracellular matrix and the unique cancer-associated vascular system as well as a wide variety of cellular components including activated cancer-associated fibroblasts, mesenchymal stromal cells, pericytes. All these elements operate with each other in a coordinated fashion and collectively promote cancer initiation, progression, metastasis and therapeutic resistance. Over the past few decades, numerous studies have been conducted to study the interaction and crosstalk between stromal components and neoplastic cells. Meanwhile, we have also witnessed an exponential increase in the investigation and recognition of the critical roles of tumor stroma in solid tumors. A series of clinical trials targeting the tumor stroma have been launched continually. In this review, we introduce and discuss current advances in the understanding of various stromal elements and their roles in cancers. We also elaborate on potential novel approaches for tumor-stroma-based therapeutic targeting, with the aim to promote the leap from bench to bedside.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maosen Xu
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, 610041, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, 610041, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Ruolan Xia
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, 610041, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Yuquan Wei
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, 610041, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Xiawei Wei
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, 610041, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China.
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30
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Chen JR, Zhao JT, Xie ZZ. Integrin-mediated cancer progression as a specific target in clinical therapy. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 155:113745. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Wang J, Han Y, Li Y, Zhang F, Cai M, Zhang X, Chen J, Ji C, Ma J, Xu F. Targeting Tumor Physical Microenvironment for Improved Radiotherapy. SMALL METHODS 2022; 6:e2200570. [PMID: 36116123 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202200570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Radiotherapy has led to important clinical advances; existing cancer radiotherapy resistance is one remaining major challenge. Recently, biophysical cues in the tumor microenvironment (TME) have been regarded as the new hallmarks of cancer, playing pivotal roles in various cancer behaviors and treatment responses, including radiotherapy resistance. With recent advances in micro/nanotechnologies and functional biomaterials, radiotherapy exerts great influence on biophysical cues in TME, which, in turn, significantly affect the response to radiotherapy. Besides, various strategies have emerged that target biophysical cues in TME, to potentially enhance radiotherapy efficacy. Therefore, this paper reviews the four biophysical cues (i.e., extracellular matrix (ECM) microarchitecture, ECM stiffness, interstitial fluid pressure, and solid stress) that may play important roles in radiotherapy resistance, their possible mechanisms for inducing it, and their change after radiotherapy. The emerging therapeutic strategies targeting the biophysical microenvironment, to explore the mechanism of radiotherapy resistance and develop effective strategies to revert it for improved treatment efficacy are further summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, P. R. China
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Yulong Han
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, 210016, P. R. China
| | - Yuan Li
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Fengping Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, P. R. China
| | - Mengjiao Cai
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, P. R. China
| | - Xinyue Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, P. R. China
| | - Jie Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, P. R. China
| | - Chao Ji
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, P. R. China
| | - Jinlu Ma
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, P. R. China
| | - Feng Xu
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
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32
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Byers C, Gill M, Kurtansky NR, Alessi-Fox C, Harman M, Cordova M, Gonzalez S, Guitera P, Rotemberg V, Marghoob A, Chen CSJ, Dy J, Kose K, Rajadhyaksha M, Sahu A. Tertiary lymphoid structures accompanied by fibrillary matrix morphology impact anti-tumor immunity in basal cell carcinomas. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:981074. [PMID: 36388913 PMCID: PMC9647637 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.981074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS) are specialized lymphoid formations that serve as local repertoire of T- and B-cells at sites of chronic inflammation, autoimmunity, and cancer. While presence of TLS has been associated with improved response to immune checkpoint blockade therapies and overall outcomes in several cancers, its prognostic value in basal cell carcinoma (BCC) has not been investigated. Herein, we determined the prognostic impact of TLS by relating its prevalence and maturation with outcome measures of anti-tumor immunity, namely tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and tumor killing. In 30 distinct BCCs, we show the presence of TLS was significantly enriched in tumors harboring a nodular component and more mature primary TLS was associated with TIL counts. Moreover, assessment of the fibrillary matrix surrounding tumors showed discrete morphologies significantly associated with higher TIL counts, critically accounting for heterogeneity in TIL count distribution within TLS maturation stages. Specifically, increased length of fibers and lacunarity of the matrix with concomitant reduction in density and alignment of fibers were present surrounding tumors displaying high TIL counts. Given the interest in inducing TLS formation as a therapeutic intervention as well as its documented prognostic value, elucidating potential impediments to the ability of TLS in driving anti-tumor immunity within the tumor microenvironment warrants further investigation. These results begin to address and highlight the need to integrate stromal features which may present a hindrance to TLS formation and/or effective function as a mediator of immunotherapy response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Candice Byers
- The Institute for Experiential AI, Roux Institute, Northeastern University, Portland, ME, United States
| | - Melissa Gill
- Department of Clinical Pathology and Cancer Diagnostics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Pathology, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY, United States
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcala de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Maggie Harman
- Department of Pathology, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY, United States
| | - Miguel Cordova
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
| | | | - Pascale Guitera
- Sydney Melanoma Diagnostic Center, Royal Alfred Prince Hospital, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
- Melanoma Institute Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Ashfaq Marghoob
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
| | | | - Jennifer Dy
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, United States
- The Institute for Experiential AI, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Kivanc Kose
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
| | | | - Aditi Sahu
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
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33
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Zhang T, Ren Y, Yang P, Wang J, Zhou H. Cancer-associated fibroblasts in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:897. [PMID: 36284087 PMCID: PMC9596464 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-05351-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a lethal cancer with a prominent extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition and poor prognosis. High levels of ECM proteins derived from tumour cells reduce the efficacy of conventional cancer treatment paradigms and contribute to tumour progression and metastasis. As abundant tumour-promoting cells in the ECM, cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are promising targets for novel anti-tumour interventions. Nonetheless, related clinical trials are hampered by the lack of specific markers and elusive differences between CAF subtypes. Here, we review the origins and functional diversity of CAFs and show how they create a tumour-promoting milieu, focusing on the crosstalk between CAFs, tumour cells, and immune cells in the tumour microenvironment. Furthermore, relevant clinical advances and potential therapeutic strategies relating to CAFs are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyi Zhang
- grid.410726.60000 0004 1797 8419University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China ,grid.450259.f0000 0004 1804 2516Key Laboratory of Space Radiobiology of Gansu Province & Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine, Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yanxian Ren
- grid.412643.60000 0004 1757 2902Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Pengfei Yang
- grid.410726.60000 0004 1797 8419University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China ,grid.450259.f0000 0004 1804 2516Key Laboratory of Space Radiobiology of Gansu Province & Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine, Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jufang Wang
- grid.410726.60000 0004 1797 8419University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China ,grid.450259.f0000 0004 1804 2516Key Laboratory of Space Radiobiology of Gansu Province & Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine, Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Heng Zhou
- grid.410726.60000 0004 1797 8419University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China ,grid.450259.f0000 0004 1804 2516Key Laboratory of Space Radiobiology of Gansu Province & Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine, Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
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34
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Substrate viscosity impairs temozolomide-mediated inhibition of glioblastoma cells' growth. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2022; 1868:166513. [PMID: 35932892 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2022.166513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The mechanical state of the extracellular environment of the brain cells considerably affects their phenotype during the development of central nervous system (CNS) pathologies, and when the cells respond to drugs. The reports on the evaluation of the viscoelastic properties of different brain tumors have shown that both tissue stiffness and viscosity can be altered during cancer development. Although a compelling number of reports established the role of substrate stiffness on the proliferation, motility, and drug sensitivity of brain cancer cells, there is a lack of parallel data in terms of alterations in substrate viscosity. METHODS Based on viscoelasticity measurements of rat brain samples using strain rheometry, polyacrylamide (PAA) hydrogels mimicking elastic and viscous parameters of the tissues were prepared. Optical microscopy and flow cytometry were employed to assess the differences in glioblastoma cells morphology, proliferation, and cytotoxicity of anticancer drug temozolomide (TZM) due to increased substrate viscosity. RESULTS Our results indicate that changes in substrate viscosity affect the proliferation of untreated glioma cells to a lesser extent, but have a significant impact on the apoptosis-associated depolarization of mitochondria and level of DNA fragmentation. This suggests that viscosity sensing and stiffness sensing machinery can activate different signaling pathways in glioma cells. CONCLUSION Collected data indicate that viscosity should be considered an important parameter in in vitro polymer-based cell culture systems used for drug screening.
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Blaauboer A, Van Koetsveld PM, Mustafa DAM, Dumas J, Dogan F, Van Zwienen S, Van Eijck CHJ, Hofland LJ. Immunomodulatory antitumor effect of interferon‑beta combined with gemcitabine in pancreatic cancer. Int J Oncol 2022; 61:97. [PMID: 35795999 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2022.5387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Resistance to gemcitabine is common and critically limits its therapeutic efficacy in patients with pancreatic cancer. Interferon‑beta (IFN‑β) induces numerous antitumor effects and synergizes with gemcitabine treatment. The immunomodulatory effects of this treatment regimen have not yet been described. In the present study, the antitumor effect of IFN‑β combined with gemcitabine was investigated in immune competent mice. Mouse KPC3 cells were used in all experiments. Treatment effects were determined with cell proliferation assay. Reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR was used to measure gene expression. For in vivo experiments, cells were subcutaneously injected in immune competent mice. For immune profiling, NanoString analysis was performed on tumor samples of treated and untreated mice. Baseline expression of Ifnar‑1 and Ifnar‑2c in KPC3 cells was 1.42±0.16 and 1.50±0.17, respectively. IC50 value of IFN‑β on cell growth was high (>1,000 IU/ml). IFN‑β pre‑treatment increased the in vitro response to gemcitabine (1.3‑fold decrease in EC50; P<0.001). In vivo, tumor size was not statistically significant smaller in mice treated with IFN‑β plus gemcitabine (707±92 mm3 vs. 1,239±338 mm3 in vehicle‑treated mice; P=0.16). IFN‑β alone upregulated expression of numerous immune‑related genes. This effect was less pronounced when combined with gemcitabine. For the first time, to the best of our knowledge, the immunomodulatory effects of IFN‑β, alone and combined with gemcitabine, in pancreatic cancer were reported. Prognostic markers for predicting effective responses to IFN‑β therapy are urgently needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amber Blaauboer
- Department of Surgery, Erasmus Medical Center, 3015 CN Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Peter M Van Koetsveld
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Erasmus Medical Center, 3015 CN Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Dana A M Mustafa
- Department of Pathology, The Tumor Immuno‑Pathology Laboratory, Erasmus Medical Center, 3015 CN Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jasper Dumas
- Department of Pathology, The Tumor Immuno‑Pathology Laboratory, Erasmus Medical Center, 3015 CN Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Fadime Dogan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Erasmus Medical Center, 3015 CN Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Suzanne Van Zwienen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Erasmus Medical Center, 3015 CN Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Casper H J Van Eijck
- Department of Surgery, Erasmus Medical Center, 3015 CN Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Leo J Hofland
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Erasmus Medical Center, 3015 CN Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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Wei J, Yao J, Yan M, Xie Y, Liu P, Mao Y, Li X. The role of matrix stiffness in cancer stromal cell fate and targeting therapeutic strategies. Acta Biomater 2022; 150:34-47. [DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2022.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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37
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Ferroptosis and Its Multifaceted Role in Cancer: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Approach. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11081504. [PMID: 36009223 PMCID: PMC9405274 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11081504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis, a new type of non-apoptotic cell death modality, is different from other modes of cell death and has been primarily found in tumor cells. Previous studies have reported that ferroptosis can be triggered by specific modulators (e.g., drugs, nutrients, and iron chelators), leading to increased intracellular lipid reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation and iron overload. Recent reports have shown that ferroptosis at the cellular and organism levels can prevent an inflammatory storm and cancer development. Emerging evidence suggests potential mechanisms (e.g., system Xc-, glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4), lipid peroxidation, glutathione (GSH), and iron chelators) are involved in ferroptosis, which may mediate biological processes such as oxidative stress and iron overload to treat cancer. To date, there are at least three pathways that mediate ferroptosis in cancer cells: system Xc-/GSH/GPX4, FSP1/CoQ10/NAD(P)H, and ATG5/ATG7/NCOA4. Here, we summarize recent advances in the occurrence and development of ferroptosis in the context of cancer, the associations between ferroptosis and various modulators, and the potential mechanisms and therapeutic strategies targeting ferroptosis for the treatment of cancer.
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Mechanical Properties of the Extracellular Environment of Human Brain Cells Drive the Effectiveness of Drugs in Fighting Central Nervous System Cancers. Brain Sci 2022; 12:brainsci12070927. [PMID: 35884733 PMCID: PMC9313046 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12070927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The evaluation of nanomechanical properties of tissues in health and disease is of increasing interest to scientists. It has been confirmed that these properties, determined in part by the composition of the extracellular matrix, significantly affect tissue physiology and the biological behavior of cells, mainly in terms of their adhesion, mobility, or ability to mutate. Importantly, pathophysiological changes that determine disease development within the tissue usually result in significant changes in tissue mechanics that might potentially affect the drug efficacy, which is important from the perspective of development of new therapeutics, since most of the currently used in vitro experimental models for drug testing do not account for these properties. Here, we provide a summary of the current understanding of how the mechanical properties of brain tissue change in pathological conditions, and how the activity of the therapeutic agents is linked to this mechanical state.
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Fuller AM, Eisinger-Mathason TSK. Context Matters: Response Heterogeneity to Collagen-Targeting Approaches in Desmoplastic Cancers. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14133132. [PMID: 35804902 PMCID: PMC9264969 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14133132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary A common feature of tumor types such as breast cancer, prostate cancer, pancreatic cancer, and soft-tissue sarcoma is the deposition of collagen-rich tissue called desmoplasia. However, efforts to control tumor growth by disrupting desmoplasia, collectively known as “collagen-targeting approaches”, have had mixed and contradictory results, sometimes even within the same cancer type. We believe that this phenomenon may be due—at least partially—to the fact that “collagen” is not a single molecule, but rather a diverse molecular family composed of 28 unique collagen types. Therefore, in this review, we discuss the diversity of collagen molecules in normal and cancer tissue, and explore how collagen heterogeneity relates to the mixed efficacy of collagen-targeting approaches for cancer therapy. Abstract The deposition of collagen-rich desmoplastic tissue is a well-documented feature of the solid tumor microenvironment (TME). However, efforts to target the desmoplastic extracellular matrix (ECM) en masse, or collagen molecules more specifically, have been met with mixed and sometimes paradoxical results. In this review, we posit that these discrepancies are due—at least in part—to the incredible diversity of the collagen superfamily. Specifically, whereas studies of “collagen-targeting” approaches frequently refer to “collagen” as a single molecule or relatively homogeneous molecular family, 28 individual collagens have been identified in mammalian tissues, each with a unique structure, supramolecular assembly pattern, tissue distribution, and/or function. Moreover, some collagen species have been shown to exert both pro- and anti-neoplastic effects in the desmoplastic TME, even within the same cancer type. Therefore, herein, we describe the diversity of the collagen family in normal tissues and highlight the context-specific roles of individual collagen molecules in desmoplastic tumors. We further discuss how this heterogeneity relates to the variable efficacy of “collagen-targeting” strategies in this setting and provide guidance for future directions in the field.
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Luthold C, Hallal T, Labbé DP, Bordeleau F. The Extracellular Matrix Stiffening: A Trigger of Prostate Cancer Progression and Castration Resistance? Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14122887. [PMID: 35740556 PMCID: PMC9221142 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14122887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite advancements made in diagnosis and treatment, prostate cancer remains the second most diagnosed cancer among men worldwide in 2020, and the first in North America and Europe. Patients with localized disease usually respond well to first-line treatments, however, up to 30% develop castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), which is often metastatic, making this stage of the disease incurable and ultimately fatal. Over the last years, interest has grown into the extracellular matrix (ECM) stiffening as an important mediator of diseases, including cancers. While this process is increasingly well-characterized in breast cancer, a similar in-depth look at ECM stiffening remains lacking for prostate cancer. In this review, we scrutinize the current state of literature regarding ECM stiffening in prostate cancer and its potential association with disease progression and castration resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carole Luthold
- Centre de Recherche sur le Cancer, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1R 3S3, Canada;
- Division of Oncology, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Hôtel-Dieu de Québec, Québec, QC G1R 3S3, Canada
| | - Tarek Hallal
- Cancer Research Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada;
| | - David P. Labbé
- Cancer Research Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada;
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
- Correspondence: (D.P.L.); (F.B.)
| | - François Bordeleau
- Centre de Recherche sur le Cancer, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1R 3S3, Canada;
- Division of Oncology, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Hôtel-Dieu de Québec, Québec, QC G1R 3S3, Canada
- Département de Biologie Moléculaire, Biochimie Médicale et Pathologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Correspondence: (D.P.L.); (F.B.)
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Xiao W, Pahlavanneshan M, Eun CY, Zhang X, DeKalb C, Mahgoub B, Knaneh-Monem H, Shah S, Sohrabi A, Seidlits SK, Hill R. Matrix stiffness mediates pancreatic cancer chemoresistance through induction of exosome hypersecretion in a cancer associated fibroblasts-tumor organoid biomimetic model. Matrix Biol Plus 2022; 14:100111. [PMID: 35619988 PMCID: PMC9126837 DOI: 10.1016/j.mbplus.2022.100111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer organoid-stromal fibroblasts co-culture displayed significant chemoresistance in 3D culture system. Cancer associated fibroblasts in the physiologically relevant matrix system tended to be more phenotypically activated. Increased extracellular matrix stiffness induces hypersecretion of chemoresistance-promoting exosomes in a cancer associated fibroblasts-tumor organoid biomimetic model system.
In pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), the abundant stromal cells which comprise the tumor microenvironment constitute more than 90% of the primary tumor bulk. Moreover, this desmoplastic environment has been found to be three times stiffer than normal pancreas tissue. Despite the importance of studying the desmoplastic environment of PDAC, there is still a lack of models designed to adequately recapitulate this complex stiff microenvironment, a critical hallmark of the disease that has been shown to induce chemoresistance. Here, we present a bio-mimetic, 3-dimensional co-culture system that integrates tumor organoids and host-matching stromal cancer associated-fibroblasts (CAFs) that recapitulates the complex, fibrotic matrix of PDAC using advanced biomaterials. With this model, we show that matrix-activated CAFs are able to “re-engineer” the fibrotic environment into a significantly stiffer environment through lysyl-oxidase dependent crosslinking. Moreover, we show that culture of CAFs in this model leads to an increase of exosomes; extracellular vesicles known to promote chemoresistance. Finally, using previously identified exosome inhibitors, climbazole and imipramine, we demonstrate how abrogation of exosome hypersecretion can reduce matrix stiffness-induced chemoresistance. These data highlight the importance of the development of new models that recapitulate not only the cellular composition found in PDAC tumors, but also the biophysical stresses, like stiffness, that the cells are exposed to in order to identify therapies that can overcome this critical feature which can contribute to the chemoresistance observed in patients. We believe that the 3D bio-mimetic model we have developed will be a valuable tool for the development, testing, and optimization of “mechano-medicines” designed to target the biophysical forces that lead to tumor growth and chemoresistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weikun Xiao
- Lawrence J. Ellison Institute for Transformative Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, CA 90064, United States
| | - Mahsa Pahlavanneshan
- Lawrence J. Ellison Institute for Transformative Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, CA 90064, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90007, United States
| | - Chae-Young Eun
- Lawrence J. Ellison Institute for Transformative Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, CA 90064, United States
| | - Xinyu Zhang
- Lawrence J. Ellison Institute for Transformative Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, CA 90064, United States
| | - Charlene DeKalb
- Lawrence J. Ellison Institute for Transformative Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, CA 90064, United States
| | - Bayan Mahgoub
- Lawrence J. Ellison Institute for Transformative Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, CA 90064, United States
- Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, United States
| | - Hanaa Knaneh-Monem
- Lawrence J. Ellison Institute for Transformative Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, CA 90064, United States
| | - Sana Shah
- Lawrence J. Ellison Institute for Transformative Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, CA 90064, United States
- Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Studies, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, United States
| | - Alireza Sohrabi
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States
| | - Stephanie K. Seidlits
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States
| | - Reginald Hill
- Lawrence J. Ellison Institute for Transformative Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, CA 90064, United States
- Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, United States
- Corresponding author at: Lawrence J. Ellison Institute for Transformative Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, CA 90064, United States.
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Jiang C, Wang M, Yao W, Lv G, Liu X, Wang G. Comprehensive Analysis on Prognosis and Immune Infiltration of Lysyl Oxidase Family Members in Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma With Experimental Verification. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:778857. [PMID: 35433829 PMCID: PMC9010946 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.778857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is the most aggressive among all solid malignancies with delayed disease detection and limited effective treatment. However, due to the intricate heterogeneity and exclusive tumor microenvironment (TME), the development of effective therapy has been facing enormous challenges. The lysyl oxidases (LOXs) underpin the shaping of the TME to promote cancer growth, metastasis and modulate response to treatment.Materials and Methods: The mRNA expression, prognostic, and clinicopathological data for LOXs in PDAC from multiple open-access databases were summarized and analyzed. The protein expression was verified by immunohistochemistry (IHC). Co-expressed genes of LOXs were predicted and elaborated by LinkedOmics. Functional enrichment analysis of LOXs co-expressed genes was performed using Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG). TIMER and TISIDB were applied to analyze the relationship between LOXs expression and immune infiltration.Results: The mRNA expression levels of LOX, LOXL1 and LOXL2 were significantly higher in PDAC, the expression levels of LOXL3 and LOXL4 were contrary in different databases. High mRNA levels of LOX and LOXL2 were associated with advanced PDAC stage, while elevated LOX and LOXL3 expression correlated with high tumor grade. The IHC staining showed higher expression levels of LOX, LOXL1 and LOXL2, lower expression level of LOXL3 in PDAC tissues, while the protein expression of LOXL4 made no difference. Functional enrichment analysis showed a close relationship with extracellular matrix (ECM) regulation, except that LOXL3 and its ligands were highly associated with immune-related functions. Further analysis suggested that LOX and LOXL3 strongly correlated with tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), various immune signatures, and immune checkpoints. Finally, survival analysis revealed high LOX and LOXL2 expression predicted worse overall survival (OS), progression-free interval (PFI), and disease-specific survival (DSS).Conclusion: These findings indicated that the LOX family, especially LOX and LOXL2, might have a prospective value in PDAC oncogenesis, and they may become prognostic biomarkers, revealing a promising field in targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Jiang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Surgery I, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Multi-Organ Transplant Program, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Meng Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Surgery I, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Weikai Yao
- Department of Pathology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Guoyue Lv
- Department of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Surgery I, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xueyan Liu
- Cardiovascular Department, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- *Correspondence: Xueyan Liu, ; Guangyi Wang,
| | - Guangyi Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Surgery I, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- *Correspondence: Xueyan Liu, ; Guangyi Wang,
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Sun C, Ma S, Chen Y, Kim NH, Kailas S, Wang Y, Gu W, Chen Y, Tuason JPW, Bhan C, Manem N, Huang Y, Cheng C, Zhou Z, Zhou Q, Zhu Y. Diagnostic Value, Prognostic Value, and Immune Infiltration of LOX Family Members in Liver Cancer: Bioinformatic Analysis. Front Oncol 2022; 12:843880. [PMID: 35311155 PMCID: PMC8931681 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.843880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Liver cancer (LC) is well known for its prevalence as well as its poor prognosis. The aberrant expression of lysyl oxidase (LOX) family is associated with liver cancer, but their function and prognostic value in LC remain largely unclear. This study aimed to explore the function and prognostic value of LOX family in LC through bioinformatics analysis and meta-analysis. Results The expression levels of all LOX family members were significantly increased in LC. Area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of LOXL2 was 0.946 with positive predictive value (PPV) of 0.994. LOX and LOXL3 were correlated with worse prognosis. Meta-analysis also validated effect of LOX on prognosis. Nomogram of these two genes and other predictors was also plotted. There was insufficient data from original studies to conduct meta-analysis on LOXL3. The functions of LOX family members in LC were mostly involved in extracellular and functions and structures. The expressions of LOX family members strongly correlated with various immune infiltrating cells and immunomodulators in LC. Conclusions For LC patients, LOXL2 may be a potential diagnostic biomarker, while LOX and LOXL3 have potential prognostic and therapeutic values. Positive correlation between LOX family and infiltration of various immune cells and immunomodulators suggests the need for exploration of their roles in the tumor microenvironment and for potential immunotherapeutic to target LOX family proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyu Sun
- AMITA Health Saint Joseph Hospital Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Shaodi Ma
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yue Chen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of the First Clinical Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Na Hyun Kim
- AMITA Health Saint Joseph Hospital Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Sujatha Kailas
- Gastroenterology, AMITA Health Saint Joseph Hospital Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Yichen Wang
- Mercy Internal Medicine Service, Trinity Health of New England, Springfield, MA, United States
| | - Wenchao Gu
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Yisheng Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Chandur Bhan
- AMITA Health Saint Joseph Hospital Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Nikitha Manem
- AMITA Health Saint Joseph Hospital Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Yuting Huang
- University of Maryland Medical Center Midtown Campus, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Ce Cheng
- College of Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
- Banner-University Medical Center South, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Zhen Zhou
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
| | - Qin Zhou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Yanzhe Zhu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- *Correspondence: Yanzhe Zhu,
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Gupta R. Epigenetic regulation and targeting of ECM for cancer therapy. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2022; 322:C762-C768. [PMID: 35235427 PMCID: PMC8993518 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00022.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME) composed of different types of cells embedded in extracellular matrix (ECM) has crucial effects on cancer growth and metastasis. ECM is made of a variety of proteins that provide structural support to the cells and regulate biological functions by modulating the crosstalk among cells, thus effecting tumor growth and progression. In this mini-review, we discuss epigenetic modifications that regulate the expression of fibrous ECM proteins and glycoproteins and the prospects of targeting them for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romi Gupta
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States.,O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center at The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
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The Class I HDAC Inhibitor Valproic Acid Strongly Potentiates Gemcitabine Efficacy in Pancreatic Cancer by Immune System Activation. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10030517. [PMID: 35327319 PMCID: PMC8945828 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10030517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Gemcitabine efficacy in pancreatic cancer is often impaired due to limited intracellular uptake and metabolic activation. Epi-drugs target gene expression patterns and represent a promising approach to reverse chemoresistance. In this study, we investigate the chemosensitizing effect of different epi-drugs when combined with gemcitabine in pancreatic cancer. Methods: Mouse KPC3 cells were used for all experiments. Five different epi-drugs were selected for combination therapy: 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine, hydralazine, mocetinostat, panobinostat, and valproic acid (VPA). Treatment effects were determined by cell proliferation and colony forming assays. Expression of genes were assessed by real-time quantitative PCR. The most promising epi-drug for combination therapy was studied in immune competent mice. Intratumor changes were defined using NanoString PanCancer panel IO360. Results: All epi-drugs, except hydralazine, potentiated the gemcitabine response in KPC3 cells (range decrease IC50 value 1.7−2-fold; p < 0.001). On colony formation, the cytotoxic effect of 0.5 ng/mL gemcitabine was 1.4 to 6.3 times stronger (p < 0.01). Two out of three drug-transporter genes were strongly upregulated following epi-drug treatment (a range fold increase of 17−124 and 9−60 for Slc28a1 and Slc28a3, respectively; all p < 0.001). VPA combined with gemcitabine significantly reduced tumor size with 74% compared to vehicle-treated mice and upregulated expression of immune-related pathways (range pathway score 0.86−1.3). Conclusions: These results provide a strong rationale for combining gemcitabine with VPA treatment. For the first time, we present intratumor changes and show activation of the immune system. Clinical trials are warranted to assess efficacy and safety of this novel combination in pancreatic cancer patients.
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Perryman L, Gray SG. Fibrosis in Mesothelioma: Potential Role of Lysyl Oxidases. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14040981. [PMID: 35205728 PMCID: PMC8870010 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14040981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapies (such as checkpoint inhibitors) and standard chemotherapies (such as cisplatin) have limitations in the successful treatment of malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM). Fibrosis is the accumulation of collagen in the extracellular matrix (ECM) of tissues, making them denser than that of healthy tissues and thereby affecting drug delivery and immune cell infiltration. Moreover, fibrosis severely affects the patient's breathing and quality of life. The production of collagen and its assembly is highly regulated by various enzymes such as lysyl oxidases. Many solid tumors aberrantly express the family of lysyl oxidases (LOX/LOXL). This review examines how LOX/LOXLs were found to be dysregulated in noncancerous and cancerous settings, discusses their roles in solid tumor fibrosis and pathogenesis and explores the role of fibrosis in the development and poor clinical outcomes of patients with MPM. We examine the current preclinical status of drugs targeting LOX/LOXLs and how the incorporation of such drugs may have therapeutic benefits in the treatment and management of patients with MPM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Perryman
- Drug Discovery Department, Pharmaxis Ltd., Sydney, NSW 2086, Australia;
| | - Steven G. Gray
- Thoracic Oncology, Labmed Directorate, St James’s Hospital, D08 RX0X Dublin, Ireland
- Correspondence:
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Li S, Fang Y. MS4A1 as a Potential Independent Prognostic Factor of Breast Cancer Related to Lipid Metabolism and Immune Microenvironment Based on TCGA Database Analysis. MEDICAL SCIENCE MONITOR : INTERNATIONAL MEDICAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL AND CLINICAL RESEARCH 2022; 28:e934597. [PMID: 35091527 PMCID: PMC8809038 DOI: 10.12659/msm.934597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Background Lipid metabolism has been proved to be related to the prognosis of breast cancer patients in previous studies, and the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) plays an important role in tumorigenesis and development, but the dynamic regulation of these is still a challenge. Material/Methods This study used lipid metabolism-related pathways to score the gene expression of 980 breast cancer patients in the TCGA database. We used 4 pathways in HALLMARK related to lipid metabolism to score the genes in the database. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were further analyzed through survival analysis and Cox regression analysis, and MS4A1, which is associated with better prognosis, was finally determined to be a predictor. In-depth analysis found that MS4A1 was negatively correlated with patient age, clinical stage, tumor size, and distant metastasis. In the MS4A1 high-expression group, most genes were enriched in immune-related pathways, and CIBERSORT analysis found that MS4A1 expression was positively correlated with the abundance of 10 kinds of immune cells, such as CD8+T cells, which are related to the active immune status. Results Our results suggest that MS4A1 expression can indicate the situation of lipid metabolism in breast cancer patients and reflect the status of the immune microenvironment. Conclusions MS4A1 has the potential to be an independent indicator of prognosis. Since the expression of MS4A1 is also related to the immune checkpoint mutation burden, detecting its expression level can also provide guidance for choosing treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilin Li
- Department of Breast Surgical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Yi Fang
- Department of Breast Surgical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China (mainland)
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Below CR, Kelly J, Brown A, Humphries JD, Hutton C, Xu J, Lee BY, Cintas C, Zhang X, Hernandez-Gordillo V, Stockdale L, Goldsworthy MA, Geraghty J, Foster L, O'Reilly DA, Schedding B, Askari J, Burns J, Hodson N, Smith DL, Lally C, Ashton G, Knight D, Mironov A, Banyard A, Eble JA, Morton JP, Humphries MJ, Griffith LG, Jørgensen C. A microenvironment-inspired synthetic three-dimensional model for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma organoids. NATURE MATERIALS 2022; 21:110-119. [PMID: 34518665 PMCID: PMC7612137 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-021-01085-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Experimental in vitro models that capture pathophysiological characteristics of human tumours are essential for basic and translational cancer biology. Here, we describe a fully synthetic hydrogel extracellular matrix designed to elicit key phenotypic traits of the pancreatic environment in culture. To enable the growth of normal and cancerous pancreatic organoids from genetically engineered murine models and human patients, essential adhesive cues were empirically defined and replicated in the hydrogel scaffold, revealing a functional role of laminin-integrin α3/α6 signalling in establishment and survival of pancreatic organoids. Altered tissue stiffness-a hallmark of pancreatic cancer-was recapitulated in culture by adjusting the hydrogel properties to engage mechano-sensing pathways and alter organoid growth. Pancreatic stromal cells were readily incorporated into the hydrogels and replicated phenotypic traits characteristic of the tumour environment in vivo. This model therefore recapitulates a pathologically remodelled tumour microenvironment for studies of normal and pancreatic cancer cells in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher R Below
- Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Joanna Kelly
- Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Alexander Brown
- Centre for Gynepathology Research, Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Jonathan D Humphries
- Wellcome Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Department of Life Science, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK
| | - Colin Hutton
- Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Jingshu Xu
- Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Brian Y Lee
- Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Celia Cintas
- Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Xiaohong Zhang
- Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Victor Hernandez-Gordillo
- Centre for Gynepathology Research, Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Linda Stockdale
- Centre for Gynepathology Research, Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Barbara Schedding
- Institute for Physiological Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Janet Askari
- Wellcome Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Jessica Burns
- Wellcome Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Nigel Hodson
- BioAFM Laboratory, Bioimaging Core Facility, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Duncan L Smith
- Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Catherine Lally
- Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Garry Ashton
- Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - David Knight
- Biological Mass Spectrometry Core Facility, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Aleksandr Mironov
- Electron Microscopy Core Facility, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Antonia Banyard
- Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Johannes A Eble
- Institute for Physiological Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Jennifer P Morton
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, UK
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Martin J Humphries
- Wellcome Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Linda G Griffith
- Centre for Gynepathology Research, Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
| | - Claus Jørgensen
- Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
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49
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Liu Y, Zhang Y, Tan Z, Wang J, Hu Y, Sun J, Bao M, Huang P, Ge M, Chai YJ, Zheng C. Lysyl oxidase promotes anaplastic thyroid carcinoma cell proliferation and metastasis mediated via BMP1. Gland Surg 2022; 11:245-257. [PMID: 35242686 PMCID: PMC8825512 DOI: 10.21037/gs-21-908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) is an extremely aggressive solid tumor with no effective treatment at present. Because of the rapid growth and aggressiveness, nearly all patients die within six months after developing ATC. Hence, more research regarding novel therapeutic targets for ATC is urgently needed. METHODS Single-cell RNA sequencing data and microarray data of ATC were retrieved from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Cell clustering was performed using the Seurat package. Then, differential expression and functional enrichment analyses were performed. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was further used to investigate the functional enrichment of lysyl oxidase (LOX) and bone morphogenetic protein-1 (BMP1). The expression levels of LOX and BMP1 were measured using quantitative real-time PCR and Western blot. LOX and BMP1 were knocked down using si-RNAs. Cell proliferation was evaluated by the CCK-8 and clone formation assays. Cell migration and invasion were assessed by the wound healing assay and Transwell assay, respectively. RESULTS LOX was upregulated at the single-cell level, as well as in ATC tissues and cell lines. LOX knockdown significantly inhibited ATC cell proliferation. Furthermore, the migration and invasion of ATC cells were remarkably inhibited after LOX inhibition. In addition, BMP1 regulated LOX expression in 8505C cells, while BMP1 overexpression restored the LOX activity blocked by the LOX inhibitor BAPN. BMP1 could also induce the cell proliferation and metastasis of ATC. CONCLUSIONS LOX/BMP1 mediates the malignant progression of ATC, highlighting the potential application of LOX/BMP1 in the treatment of ATC. This study provides new insights for efficient therapeutic agents based on the LOX/BMP1 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujia Liu
- Clinical Pharmacy Center, Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital; Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yiwen Zhang
- Clinical Pharmacy Center, Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital; Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine Gland Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhuo Tan
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine Gland Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Head and Neck & Thyroid Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiafeng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine Gland Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Head and Neck & Thyroid Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ying Hu
- Clinical Pharmacy Center, Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital; Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiao Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, Institute of Cancer Research and Basic Medical Sciences of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Cancer Hospital of University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Meihua Bao
- Academician Workstation, School of Stomatology, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, China
| | - Ping Huang
- Clinical Pharmacy Center, Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital; Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine Gland Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Minghua Ge
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine Gland Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Head and Neck & Thyroid Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Young Jun Chai
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul Metropolitan Government, Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Transdisciplinary Department of Medicine & Advanced Technology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chuanming Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine Gland Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Head and Neck & Thyroid Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
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50
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Rømer AMA, Thorseth ML, Madsen DH. Immune Modulatory Properties of Collagen in Cancer. Front Immunol 2021; 12:791453. [PMID: 34956223 PMCID: PMC8692250 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.791453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
During tumor growth the extracellular matrix (ECM) undergoes dramatic remodeling. The normal ECM is degraded and substituted with a tumor-specific ECM, which is often of higher collagen density and increased stiffness. The structure and collagen density of the tumor-specific ECM has been associated with poor prognosis in several types of cancer. However, the reason for this association is still largely unknown. Collagen can promote cancer cell growth and migration, but recent studies have shown that collagens can also affect the function and phenotype of various types of tumor-infiltrating immune cells such as tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) and T cells. This suggests that tumor-associated collagen could have important immune modulatory functions within the tumor microenvironment, affecting cancer progression as well as the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy. The effects of tumor-associated collagen on immune cells could help explain why a high collagen density in tumors is often correlated with a poor prognosis. Knowledge about immune modulatory functions of collagen could potentially identify targets for improving current cancer therapies or for development of new treatments. In this review, the current knowledge about the ability of collagen to influence T cell activity will be summarized. This includes direct interactions with T cells as well as induction of immune suppressive activity in other immune cells such as macrophages. Additionally, the potential effects of collagen on the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Mette Askehøj Rømer
- National Center for Cancer Immune Therapy, Department of Oncology, Copenhagen University Hospital - Herlev and Gentofte, Herlev, Denmark.,Department of Science and Environment, Roskilde University, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Marie-Louise Thorseth
- National Center for Cancer Immune Therapy, Department of Oncology, Copenhagen University Hospital - Herlev and Gentofte, Herlev, Denmark.,Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Daniel Hargbøl Madsen
- National Center for Cancer Immune Therapy, Department of Oncology, Copenhagen University Hospital - Herlev and Gentofte, Herlev, Denmark.,Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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