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Wang MJ, Gao C, Huang X, Wang M, Zhang S, Gao XP, Zhong CQ, Li LY. Establishing Pancreatic Cancer Organoids from EUS-Guided Fine-Needle Biopsy Specimens. Cancers (Basel) 2025; 17:692. [PMID: 40002285 PMCID: PMC11852484 DOI: 10.3390/cancers17040692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2024] [Revised: 01/30/2025] [Accepted: 02/07/2025] [Indexed: 02/27/2025] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is a highly malignant digestive system tumor characterized by covert onset and rapid progression, with a 5-year survival rate of less than 10%. Most patients have already reached an advanced or metastatic stage at the time of diagnosis. Therefore, it is particularly important to study the occurrence, development, and drug resistance mechanisms of pancreatic cancer. In recent years, the development of 3D tumor cell culture technology has provided new avenues for pancreatic cancer research. Patient-derived organoids (PDOs) are micro-organ structures that are obtained directly from the patient's body and rapidly expand in vitro. PDOs have the ability to self-renew and self-organize and retain the genetic heterogeneity and molecular characteristics of the original tumor. However, the use of organoids is limited because most patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) are inoperable. Endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration/biopsy (EUS-FNA/FNB) is an important method for obtaining tissue samples from non-surgical pancreatic cancer patients. This article reviews the factors that affect the formation of pancreatic cancer organoids using EUS-FNA/FNB. High-quality samples, sterile operations, and optimized culture media are key to successfully generating organoids. Additionally, individual patient differences and disease stages can impact the formation of organoids. Pancreatic cancer organoids constructed using EUS-FNA/FNB have significant potential, suggesting new approaches for research and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Lian-Yong Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Ninth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100101, China; (M.-J.W.); (C.G.); (X.H.); (M.W.); (S.Z.); (X.-P.G.); (C.-Q.Z.)
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Xiu Z, Yang Q, Xie F, Han F, He W, Liao W. Revolutionizing digestive system tumor organoids research: Exploring the potential of tumor organoids. J Tissue Eng 2024; 15:20417314241255470. [PMID: 38808253 PMCID: PMC11131411 DOI: 10.1177/20417314241255470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Digestive system tumors are the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Despite ongoing research, our understanding of their mechanisms and treatment remain inadequate. One promising tool for clinical applications is the use of gastrointestinal tract tumor organoids, which serve as an important in vitro model. Tumor organoids exhibit a genotype similar to the patient's tumor and effectively mimic various biological processes, including tissue renewal, stem cell, and ecological niche functions, and tissue response to drugs, mutations, or injury. As such, they are valuable for drug screening, developing novel drugs, assessing patient outcomes, and supporting immunotherapy. In addition, innovative materials and techniques can be used to optimize tumor organoid culture systems. Several applications of digestive system tumor organoids have been described and have shown promising results in related aspects. In this review, we discuss the current progress, limitations, and prospects of this model for digestive system tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhian Xiu
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Clinical Medical College, Affiliated Hospital of Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, Jiangxi, China
- Jiujiang Clinical Precision Medicine Research Center, Jiujiang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Qian Yang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Fusheng Xie
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Clinical Medical College, Affiliated Hospital of Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, Jiangxi, China
- Jiujiang Clinical Precision Medicine Research Center, Jiujiang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Feng Han
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Clinical Medical College, Affiliated Hospital of Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, Jiangxi, China
- Jiujiang Clinical Precision Medicine Research Center, Jiujiang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Weiwei He
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Clinical Medical College, Affiliated Hospital of Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, Jiangxi, China
- Jiujiang Clinical Precision Medicine Research Center, Jiujiang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Weifang Liao
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Clinical Medical College, Affiliated Hospital of Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, Jiangxi, China
- Jiujiang Clinical Precision Medicine Research Center, Jiujiang, Jiangxi, China
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Chai C, Ji P, Xu H, Tang H, Wang Z, Zhang H, Zhou W. Targeting cancer drug resistance utilizing organoid technology. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 158:114098. [PMID: 36528918 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.114098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer organoids generated from 3D in vitro cell cultures have contributed to the study of drug resistance. Maintenance of genomic and transcriptomic similarity between organoids and parental cancer allows organoids to have the ability of accurate prediction in drug resistance testing. Protocols of establishing therapy-sensitive and therapy-resistant organoids are concluded in two aspects, which are generated directly from respective patients' cancer and by induction of anti-cancer drug. Genomic and transcriptomic analyses and gene editing have been applied to organoid studies to identify key targets in drug resistance and FGFR3, KHDRBS3, lnc-RP11-536 K7.3 and FBN1 were found to be key targets. Furthermore, mechanisms contributing to resistance have been identified, including metabolic adaptation, activation of DNA damage response, defects in apoptosis, reduced cellular senescence, cellular plasticity, subpopulation interactions and gene fusions. Additionally, cancer stem cells (CSCs) have been verified to be involved in drug resistance utilizing organoid technology. Reversal of drug resistance can be achieved by targeting key genes and CSCs in cancer organoids. In this review, we summarize applications of organoids to cancer drug resistance research, indicating prospects and limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changpeng Chai
- The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China; The Forth Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China.
| | - Pengfei Ji
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China.
| | - Hao Xu
- The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China.
| | - Huan Tang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China.
| | - Zhengfeng Wang
- The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China.
| | - Hui Zhang
- The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China.
| | - Wence Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China; The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China.
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Yu C, Kang R, Tang D. Organoids Models of Pancreatic Duct Adenocarcinoma. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2712:45-60. [PMID: 37578695 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3433-2_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) organoid culture is a laboratory technique used to grow and study miniature organs that mimic the structure and function of real organs in the human body. Organoids are created from stem cells or tissue samples and are grown in a 3D matrix that allows them to self-organize into a complex, three-dimensional structure. Organoids are valuable tools for studying human biology and disease, including cancer. Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) still has the worst survival rate of common malignancies, despite recent advances in cancer treatment. Preclinical studies have shown that impaired cell death pathways, including apoptosis, necroptosis, ferroptosis, pyroptosis, and alkaliptosis, promote PDAC development. Organoid models are now widely used in the study of pancreatic cancer biology, including cell death machinery. This chapter provides step-by-step protocols for generating human or mice PDAC organoids in a 3D Matrigel system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunhua Yu
- Department of Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Rui Kang
- Department of Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Daolin Tang
- Department of Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
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Seitlinger J, Nounsi A, Idoux-Gillet Y, Santos Pujol E, Lê H, Grandgirard E, Olland A, Lindner V, Zaupa C, Balloul JM, Quemeneur E, Massard G, Falcoz PE, Hua G, Benkirane-Jessel N. Vascularization of Patient-Derived Tumoroid from Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer and Its Microenvironment. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10051103. [PMID: 35625840 PMCID: PMC9138465 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10051103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Patient-derived tumoroid (PDT) has been developed and used for anti-drug screening in the last decade. As compared to other existing drug screening models, a PDT-based in vitro 3D cell culture model could preserve the histological and mutational characteristics of their corresponding tumors and mimic the tumor microenvironment. However, few studies have been carried out to improve the microvascular network connecting the PDT and its surrounding microenvironment, knowing that poor tumor-selective drug transport and delivery is one of the major reasons for both the failure of anti-cancer drug screens and resistance in clinical treatment. In this study, we formed vascularized PDTs in six days using multiple cell types which maintain the histopathological features of the original cancer tissue. Furthermore, our results demonstrated a vascular network connecting PDT and its surrounding microenvironment. This fast and promising PDT model opens new perspectives for personalized medicine: this model could easily be used to test all therapeutic treatments and could be connected with a microfluidic device for more accurate drug screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Seitlinger
- INSERM (French National Institute of Health and Medical Research), UMR 1260, Regenerative Nanomedicine, CRBS, 1 Rue Eugène Boeckel, 67000 Strasbourg, France; (J.S.); (A.N.); (Y.I.-G.); (E.S.P.); (H.L.); (A.O.); (V.L.); (G.M.); (P.-E.F.); (G.H.)
- 1 Place de l’Hôpital, University Hospital Strasbourg (HUS), 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Anasse Nounsi
- INSERM (French National Institute of Health and Medical Research), UMR 1260, Regenerative Nanomedicine, CRBS, 1 Rue Eugène Boeckel, 67000 Strasbourg, France; (J.S.); (A.N.); (Y.I.-G.); (E.S.P.); (H.L.); (A.O.); (V.L.); (G.M.); (P.-E.F.); (G.H.)
- Faculty of Dental Surgery, University of Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France
- Faculty of medicine, University of Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Ysia Idoux-Gillet
- INSERM (French National Institute of Health and Medical Research), UMR 1260, Regenerative Nanomedicine, CRBS, 1 Rue Eugène Boeckel, 67000 Strasbourg, France; (J.S.); (A.N.); (Y.I.-G.); (E.S.P.); (H.L.); (A.O.); (V.L.); (G.M.); (P.-E.F.); (G.H.)
- Faculty of Dental Surgery, University of Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France
- Faculty of medicine, University of Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Eloy Santos Pujol
- INSERM (French National Institute of Health and Medical Research), UMR 1260, Regenerative Nanomedicine, CRBS, 1 Rue Eugène Boeckel, 67000 Strasbourg, France; (J.S.); (A.N.); (Y.I.-G.); (E.S.P.); (H.L.); (A.O.); (V.L.); (G.M.); (P.-E.F.); (G.H.)
- Faculty of Dental Surgery, University of Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France
- Faculty of medicine, University of Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Hélène Lê
- INSERM (French National Institute of Health and Medical Research), UMR 1260, Regenerative Nanomedicine, CRBS, 1 Rue Eugène Boeckel, 67000 Strasbourg, France; (J.S.); (A.N.); (Y.I.-G.); (E.S.P.); (H.L.); (A.O.); (V.L.); (G.M.); (P.-E.F.); (G.H.)
- Faculty of Dental Surgery, University of Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France
- Faculty of medicine, University of Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France
- Transgene SA, 400 Boulevard Gonthier d’Andernach-Parc d’Innovation-CS80166, 67405 Illkirch Graffenstaden, France; (C.Z.); (J.-M.B.); (E.Q.)
| | - Erwan Grandgirard
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), CNRS, UMR 7104, Inserm U 1258, 1 rue Laurent Fries, BP 10142, 67404 Illkirch Graffenstaden, France;
| | - Anne Olland
- INSERM (French National Institute of Health and Medical Research), UMR 1260, Regenerative Nanomedicine, CRBS, 1 Rue Eugène Boeckel, 67000 Strasbourg, France; (J.S.); (A.N.); (Y.I.-G.); (E.S.P.); (H.L.); (A.O.); (V.L.); (G.M.); (P.-E.F.); (G.H.)
- 1 Place de l’Hôpital, University Hospital Strasbourg (HUS), 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Véronique Lindner
- INSERM (French National Institute of Health and Medical Research), UMR 1260, Regenerative Nanomedicine, CRBS, 1 Rue Eugène Boeckel, 67000 Strasbourg, France; (J.S.); (A.N.); (Y.I.-G.); (E.S.P.); (H.L.); (A.O.); (V.L.); (G.M.); (P.-E.F.); (G.H.)
- 1 Place de l’Hôpital, University Hospital Strasbourg (HUS), 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Cécile Zaupa
- Transgene SA, 400 Boulevard Gonthier d’Andernach-Parc d’Innovation-CS80166, 67405 Illkirch Graffenstaden, France; (C.Z.); (J.-M.B.); (E.Q.)
| | - Jean-Marc Balloul
- Transgene SA, 400 Boulevard Gonthier d’Andernach-Parc d’Innovation-CS80166, 67405 Illkirch Graffenstaden, France; (C.Z.); (J.-M.B.); (E.Q.)
| | - Eric Quemeneur
- Transgene SA, 400 Boulevard Gonthier d’Andernach-Parc d’Innovation-CS80166, 67405 Illkirch Graffenstaden, France; (C.Z.); (J.-M.B.); (E.Q.)
| | - Gilbert Massard
- INSERM (French National Institute of Health and Medical Research), UMR 1260, Regenerative Nanomedicine, CRBS, 1 Rue Eugène Boeckel, 67000 Strasbourg, France; (J.S.); (A.N.); (Y.I.-G.); (E.S.P.); (H.L.); (A.O.); (V.L.); (G.M.); (P.-E.F.); (G.H.)
- 1 Place de l’Hôpital, University Hospital Strasbourg (HUS), 67000 Strasbourg, France
- Faculty of medicine, University of Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Pierre-Emmanuel Falcoz
- INSERM (French National Institute of Health and Medical Research), UMR 1260, Regenerative Nanomedicine, CRBS, 1 Rue Eugène Boeckel, 67000 Strasbourg, France; (J.S.); (A.N.); (Y.I.-G.); (E.S.P.); (H.L.); (A.O.); (V.L.); (G.M.); (P.-E.F.); (G.H.)
- 1 Place de l’Hôpital, University Hospital Strasbourg (HUS), 67000 Strasbourg, France
- Faculty of medicine, University of Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Guoqiang Hua
- INSERM (French National Institute of Health and Medical Research), UMR 1260, Regenerative Nanomedicine, CRBS, 1 Rue Eugène Boeckel, 67000 Strasbourg, France; (J.S.); (A.N.); (Y.I.-G.); (E.S.P.); (H.L.); (A.O.); (V.L.); (G.M.); (P.-E.F.); (G.H.)
- Faculty of Dental Surgery, University of Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France
- Faculty of medicine, University of Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Nadia Benkirane-Jessel
- INSERM (French National Institute of Health and Medical Research), UMR 1260, Regenerative Nanomedicine, CRBS, 1 Rue Eugène Boeckel, 67000 Strasbourg, France; (J.S.); (A.N.); (Y.I.-G.); (E.S.P.); (H.L.); (A.O.); (V.L.); (G.M.); (P.-E.F.); (G.H.)
- Faculty of Dental Surgery, University of Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France
- Faculty of medicine, University of Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France
- Correspondence:
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