1
|
Baldwin R, Dhinsa T, de Andrade D, Coomber K, Curtis A, Wells S, Ferris J, Puljevic C, Hyder S, Litherland S, Miller PG. Factors Associated with Unwanted Sexual Attention in Australian Nightlife Districts: An Exploratory Study of Nightlife Attendees. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:16259. [PMID: 36498331 PMCID: PMC9736982 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192316259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Experiences of unwanted sexual attention (UWSA) are commonplace within nightlife environments. While typically associated with aggression perpetration, literature has suggested that a history of childhood corporal punishment (CCP) may also be related to experiences of victimisation in nightlife environments. The current exploratory study aims to examine the associations between experiences of UWSA victimisation and a history of CCP, trait aggression, and conformity to masculine norms (Playboy and Winning), for males and females separately. METHOD Street intercept interviews in the Brisbane inner-city entertainment precincts were used to measure demographic details and participants' breath alcohol concentration. Online follow-up surveys were used to record participants' experiences of UWSA on the night of interview, history of CCP, and self-reported rates of trait aggression and conformity to masculine norms. The final sample consisted of 288 females, as there were not sufficient male UWSA experiences for analysis. RESULTS Approximately 20% of female nightlife patrons experienced some form of UWSA victimisation. Logistic regression analyses identified that after controlling for age and intoxication, a history of CCP, trait aggression and masculine norm conformity were unrelated to experiences of UWSA for female respondents. CONCLUSIONS The current study found that individual factors were unrelated to experiences of UWSA, indicating that simply being in the nightlife environment, especially as a female, increases the risk of UWSA victimisation. Understanding and exploring social and environmental risk factors, rather than individual factors, is needed to prevent victimisation in nightlife environments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Baldwin
- School of Psychology, Deakin University, Geelong 3220, Australia
| | - Tavleen Dhinsa
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada
- Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario (CHEO) Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8LI, Canada
- Better Outcomes Registry & Network (BORN), Ontario ON K1H 8L1, Canada
| | - Dominique de Andrade
- School of Psychology, Deakin University, Geelong 3220, Australia
- School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia
| | - Kerri Coomber
- School of Psychology, Deakin University, Geelong 3220, Australia
| | - Ashlee Curtis
- School of Psychology, Deakin University, Geelong 3220, Australia
| | - Samantha Wells
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada
- Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, ON M6J 1H4, Canada
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 3M7, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 3M7, Canada
| | - Jason Ferris
- Centre for Health Services Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia
| | - Cheneal Puljevic
- Centre for Health Services Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia
- School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia
| | - Shannon Hyder
- School of Psychology, Deakin University, Geelong 3220, Australia
| | | | - Peter G. Miller
- School of Psychology, Deakin University, Geelong 3220, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Mintz S, Ingram KM, Milliken A, Kuehl T, Espelage DL. Longitudinal Associations Between Sexual Victimization and Substance Misuse Among High School Youth in Colorado. JOURNAL OF INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE 2022; 37:NP4415-NP4438. [PMID: 32954914 DOI: 10.1177/0886260520959628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
There are consistently high rates of sexual victimization and substance misuse among youth in the United States. Although there is a known relation between sexual victimization and substance use, there is a gap in the research regarding the magnitude and temporality of these associations. This study examined whether latent classes of sexual victimization and help-seeking attitudes longitudinally predict intentions of future substance misuse 7-10 months later. Students from nine Colorado high schools (N = 533; M = age 16 years) completed surveys across two consecutive school semesters. Latent class analysis was used to identify classes of students who experienced at least one form of sexual victimization (e.g., sexual harassment, unwanted sexual contact) according to 13 sexual victimization items, and level of positive attitudes regarding help-seeking for sexual victimization. Classes were compared on demographic characteristics and for distal outcomes of likelihood of future substance misuse (cigarettes, alcohol, cannabis, prescription drugs, and electronic vaping products) using latent class regression, controlling for previous intentions to use. At Time 1, four classes of sexual victimization were identified with two main classes for comparison: low odds of experiencing sexual victimization (60.1% of sample) and high odds of endorsing all forms of sexual victimization (7.7% of sample). The high sexual victimization class had higher proportions of male and transgender students, compared to other classes. At Time 2 (7-10 months later), students in the high sexual victimization class reported a significantly greater likelihood of future cigarette (p = .017) and prescription drug misuse (p = .007) when compared to the low sexual victimization class. There was no evidence that having higher positive attitudes towards help-seeking resulted in lower intentions to use substances in the future. These findings highlight that addressing sexual violence in prevention programming may have crossover effects of reducing substance misuse and other forms of violence among youth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sasha Mintz
- Violence and Injury Prevention, Mental Health Promotion Branch, Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment, Denver, CO, United States
| | | | - Anne Milliken
- Violence and Injury Prevention, Mental Health Promotion Branch, Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment, Denver, CO, United States
| | - Tomei Kuehl
- Violence and Injury Prevention, Mental Health Promotion Branch, Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment, Denver, CO, United States
| | | |
Collapse
|