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Cho ES, Kim S, Moon JK, Park SK, Maruyama N, Wang S, Lee CH, Lee JY. Identification and quantification of soybean 11S and 7S globulins using RP-UPLC. Food Chem 2025; 473:143019. [PMID: 39869992 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2025.143019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2024] [Revised: 01/14/2025] [Accepted: 01/20/2025] [Indexed: 01/29/2025]
Abstract
Variations in the proportions of the two major soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] seed globulins, glycinin (11S) and β-conglycinin (7S), significantly affect the nutritional and functional properties of soy-based products, but comprehensive methods for the identification and quantification of individual subunits of these proteins are currently lacking. We developed an optimized reverse-phase ultra-performance liquid chromatography (RP-UPLC) method to analyze 11S and 7S protein contents in the seeds of three soybean varieties grown in different years. Using commercial protein standards and subunit-null varieties, we successfully identified and quantified all 11S and 7S protein subunits in Williams 82, Daepung, and Kwangan. The 11S + 7S proteins accounted for 72.6-76.2 %, 61.9-67.2 %, and 65.8-80.7 % of total proteins from these varieties (depending on cultivation year), with 11S/7S ratios of 1.82-2.28, 1.79-2.03, and 2.18-2.75, respectively. This RP-UPLC method is valuable for studying the physiochemical properties of soy-based products and selecting desirable varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Seo Cho
- National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju 54874, Republic of Korea
| | - Sewon Kim
- National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju 54874, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Kyung Moon
- National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Kwon Park
- National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Nobuyuki Maruyama
- Laboratory of Food Quality Design and Development, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Shaodong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of Chinese Education Ministry, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Chang-Hoon Lee
- Department of Horticulture, Korea National University of Agriculture and Fisheries, Jeonju 54874, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Yeol Lee
- National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju 54874, Republic of Korea.
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2
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Song B, Luo T, Fan Y, Li M, Qiu Z, Tian Y, Shang Y, Ma C, Liu C, Cao Q, Peng Y, Xu P, Krishnan HB, Wang Z, Zhang S, Liu S. Generation of New β-Conglycinin-Deficient Soybean Lines by Editing the lincRNA lincCG1 Using the CRISPR/Cas9 System. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:15013-15026. [PMID: 38907729 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c02269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/24/2024]
Abstract
Soybean β-conglycinin is a major allergen that adversely affects the nutritional properties of soybean. Soybean deficient in β-conglycinin is associated with low allergenicity and high nutritional value. Long intergenic noncoding RNAs (lincRNAs) regulate gene expression and are considered important regulators of essential biological processes. Despite increasing knowledge of the functions of lincRNAs, relatively little is known about the effects of lincRNAs on the accumulation of soybean β-conglycinin. The current study presents the identification of a lincRNA lincCG1 that was mapped to the intergenic noncoding region of the β-conglycinin α-subunit locus. The full-length lincCG1 sequence was cloned and found to regulate the expression of soybean seed storage protein (SSP) genes via both cis- and trans-acting regulatory mechanisms. Loss-of-function lincCG1 mutations generated using the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR-associated protein 9 (CRISPR/Cas9) system led to the deficiency of the allergenic α'-, α-, and β-subunits of soybean β-conglycinin as well as higher content of proteins, sulfur-containing amino acids, and free arginine. The dominant null allele LincCG1, and consequently, the β-conglycinin-deficient phenotype associated with the lincCG1-gene-edited line was stably inherited by the progenies in a Mendelian fashion. The dominant null allele LincCG1 may therefore be exploited for engineering/developing novel hypoallergenic soybean varieties. Furthermore, Cas9-free and β-conglycinin-deficient homozygous mutant lines were obtained in the T1 generation. This study is the first to employ the CRISPR/Cas9 technology for editing a lincRNA gene associated with the soybean allergenic protein β-conglycinin. Moreover, this study reveals that lincCG1 plays a crucial role in regulating the expression of the β-conglycinin subunit gene cluster, besides highlighting the efficiency of employing the CRISPR/Cas9 system for modulating lincRNAs, and thereby regulating soybean seed components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Song
- Soybean Research Institute, Northeast Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of the Chinese Education Ministry, Harbin 150030, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cytogenetics, College of Life Sciences and Technology, Harbin Normal University, Harbin 150025, China
| | - Tingting Luo
- Soybean Research Institute, Northeast Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of the Chinese Education Ministry, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Yuanhang Fan
- Soybean Research Institute, Northeast Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of the Chinese Education Ministry, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Ming Li
- Keshan Branch of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qiqihar 161000, China
| | - Zhendong Qiu
- Soybean Research Institute, Northeast Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of the Chinese Education Ministry, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Yusu Tian
- Soybean Research Institute, Northeast Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of the Chinese Education Ministry, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Yuzhuo Shang
- Soybean Research Institute, Northeast Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of the Chinese Education Ministry, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Chongxuan Ma
- Soybean Research Institute, Northeast Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of the Chinese Education Ministry, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Soybean Research Institute, Northeast Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of the Chinese Education Ministry, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Qingqian Cao
- Soybean Research Institute, Northeast Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of the Chinese Education Ministry, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Yuhan Peng
- Soybean Research Institute, Northeast Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of the Chinese Education Ministry, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Pengfei Xu
- Soybean Research Institute, Northeast Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of the Chinese Education Ministry, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Hari B Krishnan
- Plant Genetics Research, USDA Agricultural Research Service, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States
- Plant Science Division, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65201, United States
| | - Zhenhui Wang
- Faculty of Agronomy, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Shuzhen Zhang
- Soybean Research Institute, Northeast Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of the Chinese Education Ministry, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Shanshan Liu
- Soybean Research Institute, Northeast Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of the Chinese Education Ministry, Harbin 150030, China
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Klepadlo M, Balk CS, Vuong TD, Dorrance AE, Nguyen HT. Molecular characterization of genomic regions for resistance to Pythium ultimum var. ultimum in the soybean cultivar Magellan. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2019; 132:405-417. [PMID: 30443655 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-018-3228-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 11/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE Two novel QTL for resistance to Pythium ultimum var. ultimum were identified in soybean using an Illumina SNP Chip and whole genome re-sequencing. Pythium ultimum var. ultimum is one of numerous Pythium spp. that causes severe pre- and post-emergence damping-off of seedlings and root rot of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.]. The objective of this research was to identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) for resistance to P. ultimum var. ultimum in a recombinant inbred line population derived from a cross of 'Magellan' (moderately resistant) and PI 438489B (susceptible). Two different mapping approaches were utilized: the universal soybean linkage panel (USLP 1.0) and the bin map constructed from whole genome re-sequencing (WGRS) technology. Two genomic regions associated with variation in three disease-related parameters were detected using both approaches, with the bin map providing higher resolution. Using WGRS, the first QTL were mapped within a 350-kbp region on Chr. 6 and explained 7.5-13.5% of the phenotypic variance. The second QTL were positioned in a 260-kbp confidence interval on Chr. 8 and explained 6.3-16.8% of the phenotypic variation. Candidate genes potentially associated with disease resistance were proposed. High-resolution genetic linkage maps with a number of significant SNP markers could benefit marker-assisted breeding and dissection of the molecular mechanisms underlying soybean resistance to Pythium damping-off in 'Magellan.' Additionally, the outputs of this study may encourage more screening of diverse soybean germplasm and utilization of genome-wide association studies to understand the genetic basis of quantitative disease resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariola Klepadlo
- Division of Plant Science, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - Christine S Balk
- Department of Plant Pathology, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH, 44691, USA
- Davey Tree, Kent, OH, USA
| | - Tri D Vuong
- Division of Plant Science, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - Anne E Dorrance
- Department of Plant Pathology, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH, 44691, USA
| | - Henry T Nguyen
- Division of Plant Science, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA.
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Song B, Oehrle NW, Liu S, Krishnan HB. Development and Characterization of a Soybean Experimental Line Lacking the α' Subunit of β-Conglycinin and G1, G2, and G4 Glycinin. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2018; 66:432-439. [PMID: 29227096 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b05011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A soybean experimental line (BSH-3) devoid of a subset of seed storage proteins was developed by crossing a mutant donor line "HS99B" with a Chinese cultivar "Dongnong47" (DN47). One-dimensional and high-resolution 2-D gel electrophoresis revealed the absence of G1 (A1aB2), G2 (A2B1a), and G4 (A5A4B3) glycinin and the α' subunit of β-conglycinin in BSH-3 seeds. Despite the lack of these abundant seed proteins, BSH-3 seeds still accumulated 38% protein. BSH-3 seeds also accumulated high levels of free amino acids as compared with DN47 seeds, particularly arginine, and the amount of several essential amino acids were significantly elevated in BSH-3 seeds. Elevated accumulation of α and β-subunit of β-conglycinin, G5 glycinin, Kunitz trypsin inhibitor, and Bowman-Birk protease inhibitor indicates seed proteome rebalancing in BSH-3 seeds. Immunoblot analysis using sera from soybean allergic patients demonstrated the complete lack of a major allergen (α' subunit of β-conglycinin) in BSH-3 seeds. However, elevated levels of other allergens were found in BSH-3 seeds due to proteome rebalancing. Transmission electron microscopy observation of mature seeds of BSH-3 revealed striking differences in the appearance of the protein storage vacuoles when compared with DN47.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Song
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology at the Chinese Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University , Harbin 150030, China
- Plant Genetics Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, University of Missouri , Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States
| | - Nathan W Oehrle
- Plant Genetics Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, University of Missouri , Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States
| | - Shanshan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology at the Chinese Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University , Harbin 150030, China
| | - Hari B Krishnan
- Plant Genetics Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, University of Missouri , Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States
- Plant Science Division, University of Missouri , Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States
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