1
|
Morikawa N, Kato Y, Takeshita N, Shimizu Y. Pharmacological characterization of AS2690168, a novel small molecule RANKL signal transduction inhibitor. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 924:174941. [PMID: 35398031 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.174941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Pathological osteolysis is associated with excessive bone resorption by activated osteoclasts. Given that receptor activator of NF-kB and its ligand (RANKL) are key players in the differentiation and activation of osteoclasts, the RANKL/RANK signaling pathway is considered a promising target for the development of effective osteoclastogenesis inhibitors. We previously found that the orally available compound, AS2690168, suppresses RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis of RAW264 cells. In this report, we further characterized the pharmacological profiles of AS2690168 in vitro and in vivo. AS2690168 suppressed soluble RANKL (sRANKL)-induced NFATc1 mRNA expression in RAW264 cells at 0.3 and 3.0 μM. It also suppressed calcium release from parathyroid hormone-stimulated mouse calvaria with an IC50 value of 0.46 μM. Oral administration of AS2690168 completely suppressed the decrease in femoral bone mineral content in an sRANKL-induced osteopenic mice model at 3.0 mg/kg. It also significantly suppressed the decrease in femoral bone mineral density and increase in serum tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-5b levels in ovariectomized rats at doses of 0.3, 1 and 3 mg/kg. Finally, AS260168 suppressed the increase in urine deoxypyridinoline in a rat prednisolone-induced osteoporosis model at 10 mg/kg. These results suggest that AS2690168 is a promising treatment for bone disorders with excessive bone resorption.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Noriyuki Morikawa
- Drug Discovery Research, Astellas Pharma Inc. 21 Miyukigaoka, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8585, Japan
| | - Yasuko Kato
- Drug Discovery Research, Astellas Pharma Inc. 21 Miyukigaoka, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8585, Japan
| | - Nobuaki Takeshita
- Drug Discovery Research, Astellas Pharma Inc. 21 Miyukigaoka, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8585, Japan.
| | - Yasuaki Shimizu
- Drug Discovery Research, Astellas Pharma Inc. 21 Miyukigaoka, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8585, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Tsuda E, Fukuda C, Okada A, Karibe T, Hiruma Y, Takagi N, Isumi Y, Yamamoto T, Hasegawa T, Uehara S, Koide M, Udagawa N, Amizuka N, Kumakura S. Characterization, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of anti-Siglec-15 antibody and its potency for treating osteoporosis and as follow-up treatment after parathyroid hormone use. Bone 2022; 155:116241. [PMID: 34715394 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2021.116241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies have established the idea that Siglec-15 is involved in osteoclast differentiation and/or function, and it is anticipated that therapies suppressing Siglec-15 function can be used to treat bone diseases such as osteoporosis. We have produced rat monoclonal anti-Siglec-15 antibody (32A1) and successively generated humanized monoclonal anti-Siglec-15 antibody (DS-1501a) from 32A1. Studies on the biological properties of DS-1501a showed its specific binding affinity to Siglec-15 and strong activity to inhibit osteoclastogenesis. 32A1 inhibited multinucleation of osteoclasts and bone resorption (pit formation) in cultured mouse bone marrow cells. 32A1 also inhibited pit formation in cultured human osteoclast precursor cells. Maximum serum concentration and serum exposure of DS-1501a in rats were increased in a dose-dependent manner after single subcutaneous or intravenous administration. Furthermore, single administration of DS-1501a significantly suppressed bone resorption markers with minimal effects on bone formation markers and suppressed the decrease in bone mineral density (BMD) of the lumbar vertebrae in ovariectomized (OVX) rats. In histological analysis, the osteoclasts distant from the chondro-osseous junction of the tibia tended to be flattened, shrunken, and functionally impaired in 32A1-treated rats, while alkaline phosphatase-positive osteoblasts were observed throughout the metaphyseal trabeculae. In addition, we compared the efficacy of 32A1 with that of alendronate (ALN) as follow-up medicine after treatment with parathyroid hormone (PTH) using mature established osteoporosis rats. The beneficial effect of PTH on bone turnover disappeared 8 weeks after discontinuing the treatment. The administration of 32A1 once every 4 weeks for 8 weeks suppressed bone resorption and bone formation when the treatment was switched from PTH to 32A1, leading to the maintenance of BMD and bone strength. Unlike with ALN, the onset of suppression of bone resorption with 32A1 was rapid, while the suppression of bone formation was mild. The improvement of bone mass, beneficial bone turnover balance, and suppression of osteoclast differentiation/multinucleation achieved by 32A1 were supported by histomorphometry. Notably, the effects of 32A1 on bone strength, not only structural (extrinsic) but also material (intrinsic) properties, were significantly greater than those of ALN. Since the effect of 32A1 on BMD was moderate, its effect on bone strength could not be fully explained by the increase in BMD. The beneficial balance of bone turnover caused by 32A1 might, at least in part, be responsible for the improvement in bone quality. This is the first report describing the effects of anti-Siglec-15 antibody in OVX rats; the findings suggest that this antibody could be an excellent candidate for treating osteoporosis, especially in continuation therapy after PTH treatment, due to its rapid action and unprecedented beneficial effects on bone quality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eisuke Tsuda
- Specialty Medicine Research Laboratories I, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., 1-2-58 Hiromachi, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 140-8710, Japan
| | - Chie Fukuda
- Specialty Medicine Research Laboratories I, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., 1-2-58 Hiromachi, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 140-8710, Japan.
| | - Akiko Okada
- Biological Research Laboratories, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., 1-2-58 Hiromachi, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 140-8710, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Karibe
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics Research Laboratories, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., 1-2-58 Hiromachi, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 140-8710, Japan
| | - Yoshiharu Hiruma
- Pharmacovigilance Department, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., 3-5-1 Nihonbashi-Honcho, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 103-8426, Japan
| | - Nana Takagi
- Pharmacovigilance Department, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., 3-5-1 Nihonbashi-Honcho, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 103-8426, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Isumi
- Oncology Research Laboratories I, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., 1-2-58 Hiromachi, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 140-8710, Japan
| | - Tomomaya Yamamoto
- Developmental Biology of Hard Tissue, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Nishi 7 Chome, Kita 13 Jo, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido 060-8586, Japan
| | - Tomoka Hasegawa
- Developmental Biology of Hard Tissue, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Nishi 7 Chome, Kita 13 Jo, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido 060-8586, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Uehara
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, Matsumoto Dental University, 1780 Gobara Hirooka, Shiojiri, Nagano 399-0781, Japan
| | - Masanori Koide
- Division of Hard Tissue Research, Institute for Oral Science, Matsumoto Dental University, 1780 Gobara Hirooka, Shiojiri, Nagano 399-0781, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Udagawa
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, Matsumoto Dental University, 1780 Gobara Hirooka, Shiojiri, Nagano 399-0781, Japan; Division of Hard Tissue Research, Institute for Oral Science, Matsumoto Dental University, 1780 Gobara Hirooka, Shiojiri, Nagano 399-0781, Japan
| | - Norio Amizuka
- Developmental Biology of Hard Tissue, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Nishi 7 Chome, Kita 13 Jo, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido 060-8586, Japan
| | - Seiichiro Kumakura
- Translational Medicine Function, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., 1-2-58 Hiromachi, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 140-8710, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
The effect of alendronate sodium on trabecular bone structure in an osteoporotic rat model. Turk J Phys Med Rehabil 2017; 63:165-173. [PMID: 31453446 DOI: 10.5606/tftrd.2017.164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2016] [Accepted: 05/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives TObjectives: This study aims to investigate the effect of alendronate sodium on trabecular bone structure in an osteoporotic rat model. Materials and methods Between May 2006 and July 2006, 60 female Wistar Albino rats aged three months were randomly allocated to three groups: sham operated receiving no treatment (Shm); ovariectomized-alendronate receiving 1 mg/kg/day alendronate sodium (Ovx-A), and ovariectomized-vehicle receiving 1 mL/kg/day physiological saline (Ovx-PS). Both Ovx groups received treatment through gastric gavage for 56 days. Results Densitometric measurements showed that bone mineral density decreased in the Ovx-PS and increased in Ovx-A groups (p<0.05). Biomechanical measurements showed a decrease in the breaking force in the Ovx-PS group and an increase in the Ovx-A group (p<0.05). Histomorphometric measurements showed that the Shm group had normal trabecular structure, while the Ovx-PS group had a less well- formed trabecular structure with a loss in the trabecular number and thickness and a corresponding increase in the trabecular spacing (p<0.05). In the Ovx-A group, there was an improvement in the trabecular structure with an increase in the trabecular number and thickness and a loss in the trabecular space (p<0.05). Conclusion Our study results suggest that alendronate sodium is a valuable treatment agent for osteoporosis in postmenopausal women.
Collapse
|
4
|
Chen SY, Yu HT, Kao JP, Yang CC, Chiang SS, Mishchuk DO, Mau JL, Slupsky CM. An NMR metabolomic study on the effect of alendronate in ovariectomized mice. PLoS One 2014; 9:e106559. [PMID: 25184758 PMCID: PMC4153652 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0106559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2014] [Accepted: 08/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Alendronate sodium (Fosamax) is most widely used for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis. It is a type of anti-resorptive agent that reduces the risk of fractures by changing bone turnover and bone mineral density. We investigated the effect of Fosamax on a mouse model of osteoporosis. Twenty-seven female C57BL/6JNarl mice were divided into three groups: sham, ovariectomized (OVX) and OVX + Fosamax (Fosamax). After 23 weeks, bone density of femurs was analyzed using microcomputed tomography (micro-CT), and serum was analyzed for osteoblast and osteoclast activity, as well as metabolites using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Fosamax increased bone mineral density and cortical bone thickness, and decreased osteoblast activity slightly. Fosamax did not significantly change osteoclast activity. Serum metabolomics revealed that Fosamax had profound effects on overall metabolism, as significantly higher concentrations of metabolites associated with energy metabolism (including TCA-cycle intermediates and glucose), 3-hydroxybutyrate, taurine, allantoin, acetate, and ethanol, as well as lower concentrations of aspartate were observed in the Fosamax-treated mice compared with the OVX mice. These results suggest that alendronate may work by increasing bone density through altered metabolic activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shin-Yu Chen
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University (NCHU), Taiwan, R.O.C.
- NCHU-UCD Plant and Food Biotechnology Center, NCHU, Taiwan, R.O.C.
- Agricultural Biotechnology Center, NCHU, Taiwan, R.O.C.
| | - Hui-Tzu Yu
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University (NCHU), Taiwan, R.O.C.
| | - Ju-Po Kao
- Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, College of Veterinary Medicine, NCHU, Taiwan, R.O.C.
| | - Chung-Chun Yang
- Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, College of Veterinary Medicine, NCHU, Taiwan, R.O.C.
| | - Shen-Shih Chiang
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University (NCHU), Taiwan, R.O.C.
- NCHU-UCD Plant and Food Biotechnology Center, NCHU, Taiwan, R.O.C.
| | - Darya O. Mishchuk
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
| | - Jeng-Leun Mau
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University (NCHU), Taiwan, R.O.C.
- NCHU-UCD Plant and Food Biotechnology Center, NCHU, Taiwan, R.O.C.
- * E-mail: (CMS); (JLM)
| | - Carolyn M. Slupsky
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
- Department of Nutrition, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
- * E-mail: (CMS); (JLM)
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Tamjidipoor A, Tavafi M, Ahmadvand H. Effect of dimethyl sulfoxide on inhibition of post-ovariectomy osteopenia in rats. Connect Tissue Res 2013; 54:426-31. [PMID: 24020358 DOI: 10.3109/03008207.2013.841678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
There is increasing evidence that oxidative stress, due to estrogen deficiency, leads to osteopenia. In this study, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), an antioxidant solvent, was used against post-ovariectomy osteopenia (PO) in rats. Forty female rats were divided into 5 groups randomly as follows: Sham, control group; OVX, ovariectomized group; DMSO1, ovariectomized injected DMSO (0.5 ml/kg/d ip); DMSO2, ovariectomized injected DMSO (1 ml/kg/day ip) and DMSO3, ovariectomized injected DMSO (2 ml/kg/d ip). DMSO therapy started 1 week after ovariectomy and continued for 13 weeks. After 13th weeks, sera were prepared, and then L4 vertebrae and right tibial bones rinsed in fixative. Serum bone alkaline phosphatase (BALP), osteocalcin, pyridinoline, malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH) were measured. Trabecular volume density, trabecular and cortex thickness were estimated. Osteoclast and osteoblast numbers were counted morphometrically. The data were analyzed by ANOVA and then post hoc Tukey test at p < 0.05. The increase of pyridinoline and decrease of BALP in DMSO injected groups were inhibited compared with OVX group (p < 0.05). In DMSO injected groups, decrease of bone density, trabecular volume density, thickness of trabecular and tibial cortex were inhibited compared with OVX group (p < 0.05). MDA decreased significantly in DMSO injected groups compared with OVX group. Osteoclast number decreased in DMSO injected groups compared with OVX group (p < 0.05). Osteoblast number did not show significant change in DMSO groups compared with OVX group. In conclusion, DMSO ameliorates PO through decrease of osteoclast number, osteoclast inhibition and osteoblast activation. These effects may probably be mediated via antioxidant property of DMSO.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Tamjidipoor
- Razi Herbal Medicines Research Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences , Khorramabad , Iran and
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Khajuria DK, Razdan R, Mahapatra DR, Bhat MR. Osteoprotective effect of propranolol in ovariectomized rats: a comparison with zoledronic acid and alfacalcidol. J Orthop Sci 2013; 18:832-42. [PMID: 23835529 DOI: 10.1007/s00776-013-0433-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2012] [Accepted: 06/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Currently β-adrenergic receptor blockers are considered to be potential drugs under investigation for preventive or therapeutic effect in osteoporosis. However, there is no published data showing the comparative study of β-blockers with well accepted agents for the treatment of osteoporosis. To address this question, we compared the effects of propranolol with well accepted treatments like zoledronic acid and alfacalcidol in an animal model of postmenopausal osteoporosis. METHODS Five days after ovariectomy, 36 ovariectomized (OVX) rats were divided into 6 equal groups, randomized to treatments zoledronic acid (100 μg/kg, intravenous single dose); alfacalcidol (0.5 μg/kg, oral gauge daily); propranolol (0.1 mg/kg, subcutaneously 5 days per week) for 12 weeks. Untreated OVX and sham OVX were used as controls. At the end of treatment serum calcium and alkaline phosphatase were assayed. Femurs were removed and tested for bone density, bone porosity, bone mechanical properties and trabecular micro-architecture. RESULTS Propranolol showed a significant decrease in alkaline phosphatase levels and bone porosity in comparison to OVX control. Moreover, propranolol significantly improved bone density, bone mechanical properties and inhibited the deterioration of trabecular microarchitecture when compared with OVX control. The osteoprotective effect of propranolol was comparable with zoledronic acid and alfacalcidol. CONCLUSIONS Based on this comparative study, the results strongly suggest that propranolol can be a candidate therapeutic drug for the management of postmenopausal osteoporosis.
Collapse
|
7
|
Feher A, Koivunemi A, Koivunemi M, Fuchs RK, Burr DB, Phipps RJ, Reinwald S, Allen MR. Bisphosphonates do not inhibit periosteal bone formation in estrogen deficient animals and allow enhanced bone modeling in response to mechanical loading. Bone 2010; 46:203-7. [PMID: 19857619 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2009.10.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2009] [Revised: 10/16/2009] [Accepted: 10/17/2009] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The suppressive effects of bisphosphonates (BPs) on bone remodeling are clear yet there is conflicting data concerning the effects of BPs on modeling (specifically formation modeling on the periosteal surface). The normal periosteal expansion that occurs during aging has significant benefits to maintaining/improving the bones' mechanical properties and thus it is important to understand whether BPs affect this bone surface. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the effects of BPs on periosteal bone formation modeling induced by ovariectomy (OVX) and mechanical loading. Six-month-old Sprague-Dawley OVX rats (n=60; 12/group) were administered vehicle, risedronate, alendronate, or zoledronate at doses used clinically for treatment of post-menopausal osteoporosis. Three weeks after initiating BP treatment, all animals underwent in vivo ulnar loading of the right limb every other day for 1 week (3 total sessions). Periosteal surface mineral apposition rate, mineralizing surface, and bone formation rate were determined at the mid-diaphysis of both loaded (right) and non-loaded (left) ulnae. There was no significant effect of any of the BPs on periosteal bone formation parameters compared to VEH-treated animals in the non-loaded limb, suggesting that BP treatment does not compromise the normal periosteal expansion associated with estrogen loss. Mechanical loading significantly increased BFR in the loaded limb compared to the non-loaded limb in all BP-treated groups, with no difference in the magnitude of this effect among the various BPs. Collectively, these data show that BP treatment, at doses comparable to those used for treatment of post-menopausal osteoporosis, (1) does not alter the periosteal formation activity that occurs in the absence of estrogen and (2) allows normal stimulation of periosteal bone formation in response to the anabolic stimulation of mechanical loading.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Feher
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, 635 Barnhill Drive, MS-5035, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Gallina S, Barranco-Piedra S, Torres-Lagares D, Baroukh B, Llorens A, Gutiérrez-Pérez JL, Saffar JL, Cherruau M, Lesclous P. Estrogen Withdrawal Transiently Increased Bone Turnover Without Affecting the Bone Balance Along the Tooth Socket in Rats. J Periodontol 2009; 80:2035-44. [DOI: 10.1902/jop.2009.090297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
|
9
|
Chaudhry AA, Castro-Magana M, Aloia JF, Yeh JK. Differential effects of growth hormone and alpha calcidol on trabecular and cortical bones in hypophysectomized rats. Pediatr Res 2009; 65:403-8. [PMID: 19092717 DOI: 10.1203/pdr.0b013e3181975f70] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Growth hormone (GH) deficiency in children causes severe growth retardation, vitamin D deficiency, and osteopenia. We investigated whether alfacalcidol (1OHD) alone or in combination with GH can improve bone formation. Forty hypophysectomized female rats (HX) at the age of 8 wk were divided into HX, HX + 1OHD (oral 0.25 microg/kg daily), HX+GH (0.666 mg/0.2 mL SC daily) and HX+GH + 1OHD groups for a 4-wk study. Results showed that GH increased body weight, bone area, bone mineral content (BMC), and bone mineral density (BMD), whereas 1OHD only increased BMC and BMD. In cortical bone, GH increased both periosteal and endocortical bone formation resulting in a significant increase in cortical size and area in percentage, whereas 1OHD suppressed endocortical erosion surface per bone surface (ES/BS) without a significant effect on bone formation rate per bone surface (BFR/BS). In trabecular bone, GH mitigated the bone loss by increasing BFR/BS, whereas the 1OHD effect was by suppression of trabecular bone turnover in the HX rats. The combination of GH and 1OHD had no additive effect on increasing trabecular bone mass. In conclusion, GH activates new bone formation and increases bone turnover whereas 1OHD suppresses bone turnover. The combination intervention does not seem to provide any additive benefit.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Afshan A Chaudhry
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Winthrop University Hospital, Mineola, New York 11501, USA.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Skripitz R, Johansson HR, Ulrich SD, Werner A, Aspenberg P. Effect of alendronate and intermittent parathyroid hormone on implant fixation in ovariectomized rats. J Orthop Sci 2009; 14:138-43. [PMID: 19337803 DOI: 10.1007/s00776-008-1311-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2008] [Accepted: 12/11/2008] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intermittent administration of parathyroid hormone (PTH) leads to bone formation by increasing osteoblast numbers and activity levels. Animal studies have shown that intermittent PTH administration increases implant fixation in normal rats. The purpose of this study was to analyze the osseous incorporation of an implant in osteoporotic rats while treating them with intermittent PTH (1-34) or alendronate. METHODS A total of 36 ovariectomized (OVX) Wistar rats were randomized into three groups. Polymethylmethacrylate cement rods were implanted in one tibia in each rat. The three groups received daily PTH (60 mug/kg body weight [BW]), alendronate (200 mug/kg BW), or saline (0.5 ml/kg BW). A sham-ovariectomized group (n = 12) was treated with saline. After 2 weeks, the area around the implants was analyzed by histomorphometry for bone volume density (BVD) and implant bone contact. Bone mineral density (BMD) was evaluated by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. RESULTS The BVD was higher in the specimens treated with PTH than in the other groups. PTH improved the BVD, BMD, and implant bone contact. Alendronate doubled the implant bone contact compared to the OVX and sham groups but did not improve BVD or BMD. CONCLUSIONS These findings confirm that intermittent PTH enhances implant fixation in osteoporotic bone. The clinical significance of these findings is that application of intermittent PTH may be beneficial for early implant fixation in fractures, nonunions, and prosthetic replacements when bone density is decreased.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Skripitz
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University Hospital Rostock, 142 Doberaner Strasse, Rostock, D-18057, Germany
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Iwamoto J, Takeda T, Matsumoto H, Sato Y, K Yeh J. Beneficial effects of combined administration of alendronate and alfacalcidol on cancellous bone mass of the tibia in orchidectomized rats: a bone histomorphometry study. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo) 2008; 54:11-7. [PMID: 18388402 DOI: 10.3177/jnsv.54.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to examine the effects of combined administration of alendronate (ALN) and alfacalcidol (ALF) on the cancellous and cortical bone mass of the tibia in orchidectomized rats. Fifty male Sprague-Dawley rats, 3 mo of age, were randomized by the stratified weight method into five groups: age-matched control, orchidectomy, and orchidectomy with administration of ALN (2.5 mug/kg, s.c., 5 times a week), ALF (0.05 microg/kg, p.o., 5 times a week), or ALN+ALF. The total experimental period was 12 wk. Orchidectomy reduced the cancellous bone mass of the proximal tibial metaphysis and maturation-related cortical bone gain of the tibial diaphysis as a result of increased trabecular bone resorption and decreased periosteal bone formation and also increased endocortical bone erosion and formation. ALN suppressed trabecular bone resorption and endocortical bone erosion and formation and increased periosteal bone formation, while ALF increased the number of osteoblasts and suppressed trabecular bone resorption and markedly increased periosteal and endocortical bone formation. Thus, both ALN and ALF prevented the orchidectomy-induced reduction in the cancellous bone mass and maturation-related cortical bone gain. Combined administration of ALN and ALF increased the cancellous bone mass as compared with the values observed in age-matched controls by causing more marked suppression of trabecular bone resorption. The present study showed the beneficial effects of combined administration of ALN and ALF on the cancellous bone mass of the tibia in orchidectomized rats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Iwamoto
- Department of Sports Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Prevention of trabecular bone loss induced by estrogen deficiency by a selective p38alpha inhibitor. J Bone Miner Res 2008; 23:1389-97. [PMID: 18442314 DOI: 10.1359/jbmr.080410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Increased bone remodeling with estrogen deficiency is mediated by the production of cytokines such as TNFalpha and interleukin (IL)-1. Recent data have indicated that the p38 pathway mediates cytokines effects on enhanced bone turnover in postmenopausal osteoporosis. Thus, in this study, we investigated the effect of a selective p38alpha inhibitor, SD-282, on the prevention of bone loss induced by estrogen deficiency in an adult ovariectomized (OVX) rat model. Results indicate that oral administration of SD-282 for 8 wk dose-dependently blunted the increase in the bone resorption marker DPD/Cr induced by OVX in adult rats. Associated with this effect, SD-282 did not reduce but significantly enhanced by 2-fold the rise in the bone formation marker serum osteocalcin observed in OVX animals. In addition, SD-282 completely blocked vertebral bone loss associated with estrogen deficiency. Furthermore, a partial preventive effect was observed in long bones with reduction of trabecular bone loss and enhancement of cross-sectional area of the diaphysis. Prevention of trabecular bone loss and increased in cortical bone area were associated with improvement of biomechanical resistances. In conclusion, chronic administration of a selective p38alpha inhibitor effectively prevented trabecular bone loss and alteration of bone microarchitecture induced by estrogen deficiency. Prevention of bone loss was associated with inhibition of bone resorption with uncoupled changes in bone formation. These data strongly suggest that the p38 pathway is important for regulation of bone resorption induced by estrogen deficiency, and selective inhibitors of this pathway have potential for prevention of bone loss in postmenopausal osteoporosis.
Collapse
|
13
|
Huang TH, Mühlbauer RC, Tang CH, Chen HI, Chang GL, Huang YW, Lai YT, Lin HS, Yang WT, Yang RS. Onion decreases the ovariectomy-induced osteopenia in young adult rats. Bone 2008; 42:1154-63. [PMID: 18387868 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2008.01.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2007] [Revised: 11/15/2007] [Accepted: 01/30/2008] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
It has been suggested that fruit and vegetable consumption are associated with good bone health. Onion, in particular, has been verified in its efficacy in bone resorption activity. In this study, we further investigated the effects of an onion-containing diet on ovariectomy-induced bone loss using methods of serum marker assay, histomorphometric analysis and biomechanical tests. Sixty-four female Wistar rats (14-week-old) with sham operations or ovariectomy were assigned to 6 groups: CON, sham-operated control group; OVX, ovariectomized group; ALN, ovariectomized rats treated with alendronate (1 mg/kg/day, p.o.); and 3% ON, 7% ON and 14% ON, ovariectomized rats fed with diets containing 3%, 7% and 14% (wt/wt) onion powder, respectively. Animals were sacrificed after a six-week treatment course. In the serum marker assay, alendronate and all three onion-enriched diets significantly decreased serum calcium level (p<0.05). Both 14% ON group and the ALN group even showed similarly lower level of serum osteocalcin (p<0.05), suggesting a down-regulation of bone turnover. The histomorphometric analysis showed that ovariectomy markedly decrease bone trabeculae. The ALN and 14% ON rats were 80% and 46% higher, respectively, in BV/TV than the OVX rats (p<0.05), and the rats fed with onion-enriched food showed a lesser ovariectomy-induced bone loss in a dose-dependent manner. Additionally, both ALN and 14% ON groups had significantly more trabecular number, less separated trabeculae, and fewer osteoclasts (p<0.05), but the protective efficacy from the 14% onion-enriched diet was slightly inferior to that of alendronate. Ovariectomy also significantly decreased tissue weight and biomechanical strength in the OVX group (p<0.05). The ALN and 14% ON groups equivalently showed a lesser decrease in tissue weight, though the difference was not significant. On the other hand, both the ALN and 14% ON groups represented similar biomaterial properties of femurs, and both reduced the ovariectomy-induced decrease in bending load and bending energy (p<0.05). The present study further verified that an onion-enriched diet could counteract ovariectomy-induced bone loss and deterioration of biomechanical properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tsang-Hai Huang
- Institute of Physical Education, Health and Leisure Studies, National Cheng-kung University, No. 1, University Road, Tainan City 701, Taiwan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Hale LV, Galvin RJS, Risteli J, Ma YL, Harvey AK, Yang X, Cain RL, Zeng Q, Frolik CA, Sato M, Schmidt AL, Geiser AG. PINP: a serum biomarker of bone formation in the rat. Bone 2007; 40:1103-9. [PMID: 17258520 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2006.11.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2006] [Revised: 11/21/2006] [Accepted: 11/30/2006] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Serum PINP has emerged as a reliable marker of bone turnover in humans and is routinely used to monitor bone formation. However, the effects of PTH (1-34) on bone turnover have not been evaluated following short-term treatment. We present data demonstrating that PINP is an early serum biomarker in the rat for assessing bone anabolic activity in response to treatment with PTH (1-38). Rat serum PINP levels were found to increase following as few as 6 days of treatment with PTH (1-38) and these increases paralleled expression of genes associated with bone formation, as well as, later increases in BMD. Additionally, PINP levels were unaffected by treatment with an antiresorptive bisphosphonate. PINP may be used to detect PTH-induced early bone formation in the rat and may be more generally applicable for preclinical testing of potential bone anabolic drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L V Hale
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Lilly Corporate Center, Indianapolis, IN 46285, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|