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Wardhani YF, Nantabah ZK, Machfutra ED, Lestyoningrum SD, Oktarina, Nurjana MA. The prevalence and distribution of risk factors for depression and emotional mental disorders in the elderly in Indonesia. Int J Soc Psychiatry 2024; 70:763-771. [PMID: 38369697 DOI: 10.1177/00207640241227381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression is a mental health disorder. The prevalence of mental health disorders in the elderly is high. AIMS This study was to determine the mental status depression and emotional of the elderly based on their characteristics. METHODS This study was a further analysis of Basic Health Research 2018 data. The population was all households from all districts/cities in 33 provinces in Indonesia with a cross-sectional design. The sample was all elderly, with a total sample of 82,304,000 people. The respondents included young elderly (60-69 years), middle elderly (70-79 years), and old elderly (>80 years). RESULT Depression is experienced by most of elderly aged 60 to 69 years as many as 3,756,384 respondents (59.72%), females as many as 3,885,191 respondents (61.77%), living in urban areas, as many as 3,147,131 respondents (50.03%), graduated from elementary school as many as 2,052,22 respondents (32.63%), not working as many as 3,535,241 respondents (56.21%), and quintile one expenditure level as many as 1,532,358 respondents (24.36%). CONCLUSIONS Emotional disorders of depression in elderly are due to the adaptation process to physical and psychosocial changes. Family support is a must to improve elderly's quality of life on mental health aspects, especially depression. Furthermore, better treatment by medical personnel is required.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Oktarina
- National Research and Innovation Agency, Jakarta, Indonesia
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Wu HY, Chiou AF. The effects of social media intergenerational program on depressive symptoms, intergenerational relationships, social support, and well-being in older adults: A quasi-experimental research. Geriatr Nurs 2023; 52:31-39. [PMID: 37243990 DOI: 10.1016/j.gerinurse.2023.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Depressive symptoms are common among older adults. This quasi-experimental study aims to examine the effects of a social media intergenerational program on depressive symptoms, intergenerational relationships, social support, and well-being in older adults. This study enrolled 100 older adults who were divided into the intervention group (n=50) and control group (n=50). The intervention group received 5 weeks of the social media intergenerational program. The control group maintained their daily routines. Data were collected using structured questionnaires at baseline and 5 and 9 weeks after enrollment. We found that approximately 35% of older adults had mild to severe depressive symptoms. Compared to the control group, the intervention group exhibited significantly greater improvements in depressive symptoms, intergenerational relationships, social support, and well-being in the fifth week and the ninth week after intervention. Intergenerational social media activities were recommended for older adults to improve their depressive symptoms, and promote intergenerational relationships and well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsiao-Ying Wu
- Department of Nursing, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan city33303, Taiwan, R.O.C.
| | - Ai-Fu Chiou
- College of Nursing, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C.
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Edwards N, Walker S, Paddick SM, Prina AM, Chinnasamy M, Reddy N, Mboya IB, Mtei M, Varghese M, Nakkasuja N, Guerra M, Sapkota N, Dotchin C. Prevalence of depression and anxiety in older people in low- and middle- income countries in Africa, Asia and South America: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Affect Disord 2023; 325:656-674. [PMID: 36681304 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.01.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is rapid growth of older people in Low- and Middle- Income Countries (LMICs). The aim of this review was to assess the literature on prevalence of anxiety and depression in this demographic, which to our knowledge, has not yet been conducted. METHODS Databases including Medline, PsychInfo, Embase, Scielo and African Journals Online were searched for terms including "mental disorders", "neurotic disorders", "mood disorders" and "anxiety disorders". Studies published between 1990 and 2020 providing data on older people (≥50 years) in LMICs (defined by World Bank Criteria) were included and quality-assessed. Meta-analysis was conducted on a subset of higher-quality studies to derive pooled prevalence estimates of depression. RESULTS One hundred and forty relevant studies were identified, of which thirty-two were included in meta-analysis. One hundred and fifteen studies reported depression prevalence only, 19 reported both depression and anxiety, and six reported anxiety only. In all studies identified, depression prevalence ranged from 0.5 % to 62.7 %, and Generalised Anxiety Disorder prevalence ranged from 0.2 % to 32.2 %. The pooled prevalence of depression on meta-analysis was 10.5 % (95 % CI, 8.9 % - 11.2 %). Reported prevalence rates of depression were significantly different in studies using ICD-10 compared with DSM criteria, and between community and clinical settings. LIMITATIONS The search strategy contained bias towards English language papers and high income country (HIC) publications. There is significant heterogeneity within the meta-analysis. DISCUSSION A wide range of methodologies and clinical criteria are used in prevalence studies of depression and anxiety in older people. Studies using screening tools found higher prevalence rates; clinicians and researchers should ensure diagnosis is made with gold-standard clinical criteria. Meta-analysis data suggest that rates of depression are similar in older people in LMICs compared to HICs but mental healthcare resources are limited, suggesting a large potential treatment gap.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Edwards
- Cumbria, Northumberland, Tyne and Wear NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle-Upon-Tyne, UK.
| | - S Walker
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle-Upon-Tyne, UK
| | - S-M Paddick
- Department of Old Age Psychiatry, Gateshead Health NHS Foundation Trust, Tyne and Wear, UK; Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle-Upon-Tyne, UK
| | - A M Prina
- Health Service and Population Research Department, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - M Chinnasamy
- Bradford Primary Care NHS Foundation Trust, Bradford, UK
| | - N Reddy
- Newcastle University, Newcastle-Upon-Tyne, UK
| | - I B Mboya
- Institute of Public Health, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College, Moshi, Tanzania
| | - M Mtei
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College, Moshi, Tanzania
| | - M Varghese
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India
| | - N Nakkasuja
- College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - M Guerra
- Memory and Depression Centre, Cayetano Heredia Peruvian University, Peru
| | - N Sapkota
- B.P Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dhahran, Eastern Nepal, Nepal
| | - C Dotchin
- Department of Old Age Psychiatry, Gateshead Health NHS Foundation Trust, Tyne and Wear, UK; Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, North Tyneside General Hospital, North Shields, UK
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Global prevalence of depression in older adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis of epidemiological surveys. Asian J Psychiatr 2023; 80:103417. [PMID: 36587492 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2022.103417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The reported prevalence of depressive symptoms (depression hereafter) among older adults varied widely across different studies. This was a meta-analysis to systematically examine the global prevalence of depression among older populations and its associated factors. METHODS A systematic literature search was performed in PubMed, EMBASE, PsycINFO, and Web of Science. Due to the differences in demographic and clinical characteristics between studies, random-effects model was used to calculate the pooled prevalence of depression and its 95% confidence interval (95% CI). RESULTS In total, 55 studies with 59,851 individuals met the study criteria and were included in the analyses. The overall prevalence of depression was 35.1% (95%CI: 30.2-40.4%). Subgroup analyses revealed that different sampling methods (Q=10592.49, p = 0.037), Geriatric Depression Scale versions (Q=13712.55, p < 0.001) and income levels (Q=14.028, P < 0.001) were significantly associated with the pooled prevalence of depression in older adults. In the meta-regression analyses, time of survey (B=0.012, z = 2.30, p = 0.029) was positively associated, and mean age (B=-0.018, z = 2.10, p = 0.044) was negatively associated with the prevalence of depression in older populations. The funnel plot and Egger's test did not reveal any significant publication bias (Egger's test: t = 1.93, p = 0.059). CONCLUSION This meta-analysis found that over a third of older populations globally had depression. Effective preventive measures, regular screening and timely interventions are needed to address this highly prevalent public health problem among older adults.
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Mulugeta A, Azale T, Mirkena Y, Koye S, Nakie G, Kassaye A, Dereje J, Bedewi N, Dechasa DB, Asfaw H. Prevalence of depressive symptoms and their associated factors among older adults in Yirgalem town, Southern Ethiopia: A community-based cross-sectional study. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1148881. [PMID: 37065897 PMCID: PMC10090554 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1148881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Depression is a serious mental health issue and the largest contributor to disability worldwide. Elderly people with depression are significantly more likely to experience negative outcomes such as poor physical health, strained social relationships, and decreased quality of life. Studies on geriatric depression are limited in developing nations like Ethiopia. Objectives The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of depressive symptoms and associated factors among older adults in Yirgalem, Southern Ethiopia, in 2022. Methods A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted on a sample of 628 older adults in Yirgalem town from May 15 to June 15, 2022. The study subjects were selected using a multi-stage systematic sampling technique. Data were collected using the 15-item Geriatric depression scale through face-to-face interviews. The collected data were edited, cleaned, coded, and entered into Epi data version 4.6 software and analyzed using STATA version 14. Bivariable and multivariate logistic regression analysis was computed to identify factors associated with depression, and statistical significance was declared at a 95% confidence interval with a P-value less than 0.05. Results A total of 620 older adults were included in the study, with a response rate of 97.8%. The prevalence of depressive symptoms among older adults was 51.77% (95% CI: 47.83-55.69). Being a woman (AOR = 2.3, 95% CI: 1.56-3141); being of more advanced age: 70-79 years old (AOR = 1.92, 95% CI: 1.20-3.07), 80-89 years old (AOR = 2.15, 95% CI: 1.27-3.65), 90 and older (AOR = 3.77, 95% CI: 1.95-7.79); living alone (AOR = 1.99, 95% CI = 1.17-3.41); having a chronic illness (AOR = 3.24, 95% CI: 1.06-4.46); having anxiety (AOR = 3.40; 95% CI: 2.25-5.14); and having poor social support (AOR = 3.56, 95% CI: 2.09-6.04) were statistically associated with depressive symptoms at a P-value of less than 0.05. Conclusion This study found that depression affects more than half of the elderly residents in the study area. More advanced age, being a woman, living alone, having a chronic illness, having anxiety, and having poor social support were all strongly linked to depression. There is a need to integrate counseling and psychiatric services into the community healthcare system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abiy Mulugeta
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Nursing and Midwifery, College of Health and Medical Science, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia
- *Correspondence: Abiy Mulugeta,
| | - Telake Azale
- Department of Health Education and Behavioural Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Science, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Yohannes Mirkena
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine and Health Science, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Selam Koye
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine and Health Science, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Girum Nakie
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine and Health Science, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Abenet Kassaye
- Department of Psychiatric Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Science, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia
| | - Jerman Dereje
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Nursing and Midwifery, College of Health and Medical Science, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia
| | - Neim Bedewi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, College of Health and Medical Science, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia
| | - Deribe Bekele Dechasa
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Nursing and Midwifery, College of Health and Medical Science, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia
| | - Henock Asfaw
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Nursing and Midwifery, College of Health and Medical Science, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia
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Kasa AS, Lee SC, Chang HC(R. Prevalence and factors associated with depression among older adults in the case of a low-income country, Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Psychiatry 2022; 22:675. [PMID: 36320004 PMCID: PMC9624003 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-022-04282-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression is among the common mental health problems in late-life and an important public health problem. Studies from both middle- and high-income countries have shown that depression is more common among older people than in adolescents. Many older people with depression are overlooked, and fewer efforts are made to mitigate their suffering. Despite depression being a major public health problem among older adults, its overall magnitude, and its main predictors were not determined for the development of appropriate measures. Hence, the objective of this study was, therefore, to estimate the overall prevalence of depression and identify its predictors among older adults in Ethiopia. METHODS Available articles were searched by means of different databases using the PRISMA guideline. The quality of the included studies was assessed using a JBI quality appraisal tool. STATA version 14.0 (STATA Corporation, College Station, Texas, USA) statistical software was used to analyze the eligible studies. Subgroup and sensitivity analyses were performed. Cochran's Q and the I2 test were used to assess heterogeneity. The presence of publication bias was evaluated by using Egger's test and visual inspection of the symmetry in funnel plots. RESULT In this meta-analysis, we included 11 articles that assessed 6521 older adults. The overall prevalence of depression among older adults in Ethiopia was 41.85 (33.52, 50.18). The finding was higher in the Oromia region with a prevalence of 48.07% (95% CI: 35.62, 60.51). The finding also demonstrated that being female (AOR = 1.76, 95% CI: 1.17, 2.63), no formal education (AOR = 1.82, 95% CI: 1.03, 3.19), with chronic diseases (AOR = 2.46, 95% CI: 1.00-6.06), and no social support (AOR = 2.01, 95% CI: 1.06, 3.83) were found to be independent predictors of depression in older Ethiopian adults. CONCLUSION Our systematic review and meta-analysis showed that almost two out of five older adults had depression. Female sex, no formal education, having chronic diseases, and no social support were the independent predictors of depression among older adults in Ethiopia. The study emphasizes that depression among older adults in Ethiopia calls for appropriate screening and interventions to reduce the occurrence and its overwhelming consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayele Semachew Kasa
- School of Nursing, Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, PO Box: 53, Porter St. North Wollongong, NSW Australia
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute (IHMRI), Wollongong, New South Wales Australia
- Department of Adult Health Nursing, School of Health Science, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
| | - Shu-Chun Lee
- School of Gerontology Health Management, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Chen (Rita) Chang
- School of Nursing, Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, PO Box: 53, Porter St. North Wollongong, NSW Australia
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute (IHMRI), Wollongong, New South Wales Australia
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Bedaso A, Mekonnen N, Duko B. Estimate of the prevalence of depression among older people in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Aging Ment Health 2022; 26:1095-1105. [PMID: 34129417 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2021.1932740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The current systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to estimate the pooled prevalence of depression among elderly people in Africa. METHOD We have searched CINAHIL, PubMed, SCOPUS and Psych-INFO databases to identify important observational studies which reported the prevalence of depression among the elderly. We used a random-effects model due to reported heterogeneity among the included studies. The publication bias was examined by using Egger's test, visual inspection of the symmetry in funnel plots and adjusted using Duval and Tweedie's Trim and Fill analysis. We have meta-analysed the pooled estimates of depression from primary studies by adjusting for publication bias. We used Cochran's Q and the I2-tests to measure heterogeneity across the studies. RESULT A total of 23 studies conducted in Africa were included in the current systematic review and meta-analysis, representing a total of 14, 350 elderly population. The pooled prevalence of depression among elderly people in Africa was estimated to be 26.3% (95% CI; 22.2, 30.4%). The estimated pooled prevalence of depression among the elderly in Africa was much higher (43.1%) in studies that used a screening tool to measure depression when compared to studies that used a diagnostic tool (24.2%). Also, the prevalence of depression among female elderly participant (43.10%) was higher than that of male elderly participant (30.90%). CONCLUSION One in five elderly population in Africa were depressed, which poses serious health concerns. Timely and targeted screening of depression among the elderly and evidence-based interventions were highly recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asres Bedaso
- College of Medicine and Health Sciences, School of Nursing, Hawassa University, Hawassa, Ethiopia.,Australian Centre for Public and Population Health Research, School of Public Health, Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Australia
| | - Nibretie Mekonnen
- College of Medicine and Health Sciences, School of Nursing, Hawassa University, Hawassa, Ethiopia
| | - Bereket Duko
- School of Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
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Zuberi A, Waqas A, Naveed S, Hossain MM, Rahman A, Saeed K, Fuhr DC. Prevalence of Mental Disorders in the WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:665019. [PMID: 34335323 PMCID: PMC8316754 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.665019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: To synthesize the prevalence of mental and substance use disorders in countries of the Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR) of the World Health Organization. Methods: The literature search was conducted across several databases in two phases. First, we searched for systematic reviews and/or meta-analyses published before 2014, reporting prevalence estimates for mental disorders in the EMR. Then, we identified new primary cross-sectional or longitudinal studies published between 2014 and 2020. Studies were included if they had a sample size of ≥ 450 and were conducted among the general adult population. Current, period and lifetime prevalence estimates for each disorder were pooled using random-effects meta-analyses, and subgroup analyses and meta-regressions were conducted. Findings: Prevalence estimates were extracted from 54 cross-sectional studies across 15 countries within the EMR. Pooled analyses of current, period and lifetime prevalence showed the highest prevalence for depression (14.8%, 95% confidence interval, CI: 10.7-20.1%), followed by generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) (10.4%, 95% CI: 7.1-14.7%), post-traumatic stress disorder (7.2%, 95% CI: 2.9-16.6%), substance use (4.0%, 95% CI: 3.1-5.2%), obsessive compulsive disorder (2.8%, 95% CI: 1.6-4.9%), phobic disorders (1.8%, 95% CI: 1.1-2.8%), panic disorders (1.1%, 95% CI: 0.6-2.2%), bipolar disorders (0.7%, 95% CI: 0.3-1.6%), and psychosis (0.5%, 95% CI: 0.3-0.9%). Populations exposed to adverse events had higher prevalence of mental disorders than the general population. Period and lifetime prevalence showed little difference across mental disorders. More pronounced differences in prevalence were seen for depression and GAD, specifically between current and lifetime prevalence (depression: current prevalence 20.5% (95% CI: 14.9-27.4%), vs. lifetime prevalence: 4.2% (95%CI: 1.8-9.6%); GAD: current prevalence 10.3% (95% CI: 6.1-17.0), vs. lifetime prevalence: 4.5% (95% CI: 2.4-8.3%). Differences between current and lifetime prevalence of mental disorders may be due to the use of different screening instruments and thresholds being applied. Conclusion: The prevalence of mental and substance use disorders in the EMR is high. Despite substantial inter-survey heterogeneity, our estimates align with previous global and regional data on mental disorders. Our meta-review provides new evidence on the burden of mental health problems in the EMR. Systematic Review Registration: PROSPERO, https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42020187388.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina Zuberi
- Department of Health Services Research and Policy, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ahmed Waqas
- Department of Primary Care and Mental Health, Institute of Population Health Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Sadiq Naveed
- Department of Child Psychiatry, Institute of Living, Hartford, CT, United States
| | - Md Mahbub Hossain
- School of Public Health, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Atif Rahman
- Department of Primary Care and Mental Health, Institute of Population Health Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Khalid Saeed
- World Health Organization, Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Daniela C. Fuhr
- Department of Health Services Research and Policy, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
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Odejimi O, Tadros G, Sabry N. Prevalence of Mental Disorders, Cognitive Impairment, and Dementia Among Older Adults in Egypt: Protocol for a Systematic Review. JMIR Res Protoc 2020; 9:e14637. [PMID: 32706699 PMCID: PMC7414403 DOI: 10.2196/14637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Revised: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In Egypt, the population of older adults is rapidly growing. The last census in 2017 indicated that older adults numbered 94.8 million, which is a 2.56% increase from the 2006 census. There is growing evidence that the older population is at greater risk for some forms of mental disorders such as depression, dementia, and many more. Objective This study aims to review the current evidence regarding the prevalence of mental disorders among older adults in Egypt. This will be achieved by estimating the current prevalence of mental disorders and identifying any sociodemographic correlations with mental disorders. Methods An electronic search of 5 key databases (MEDLINE, PsycINFO, EMBASE, AMED, and PubMed) from their date of inception was conducted. In addition, scans of reference lists and searches of key journals, citations, and relevant internet resources were conducted. Studies were included if they were published in English, point prevalence studies, conducted with older Egyptians aged ≥60 years, and conducted using a validated diagnostic tool to ascertain mental disorders. Studies that did not meet any of these criteria were excluded. Results This systematic review started in November 2018. The literature search of the 5 databases revealed 343 papers. After screening titles and abstracts, scanning citations and reference lists, and searching internet sources, a total of 38 full-text articles were accessed, of which 16 studies met the eligibility criteria and were included. We are currently in the process of data extraction and synthesis. Conclusions This research will help bring the scale of mental disorders among older adults in Egypt to the forefront. This may help ensure evidence-based initiatives are established and that priority is given to resource allocation for geriatric mental health in Egypt. Trial Registration PROSPERO International Prospective Register of Systematic Review CRD42018114831; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=114831 International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/14637
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Affiliation(s)
- Opeyemi Odejimi
- Psychiatric Liaison Department, Birmingham and Solihull Mental Health Foundation Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - George Tadros
- Aston Medical School, Aston University, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Noha Sabry
- Cairo Medical School, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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Yilmaz N, Karaca SN. Dissatisfaction with life and absence of leisure time activity: clues to overt depression and occult suicide risk in elderly individuals without significant disabling disease. Psychogeriatrics 2020; 20:337-344. [PMID: 31930627 DOI: 10.1111/psyg.12504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Revised: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression is a major public health problem in all ages. Besides other chronic physical diseases, it is one of the most common psychiatric disorders observed in the elderly. In this study, it was aimed to determine the prevalence of depressive symptoms and related factors and to draw attention to occult suicide probability in elderly people without significant disabling disease. METHODS Individuals aged 65 and over, who were randomly selected from a family healthcare centre, were enrolled into the study. Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) was used to assess prevalence of depression and Suicide Probability Scale (SPS) for risk of suicide. RESULTS There were 323 elderly (F/M: 150/173). Mean age was 73.3 ± 6.1 years. The majority had chronic physical illnesses (77.7%). Mean GDS and SPS scores were 11.07 ± 4.6 and 62.91 ± 8.24, respectively. Prevalence of depression was 27.6%. In multivariable logistic regression analysis, living without a spouse (P = 0.047, Exp(B) = 1.744, 95% CI = 1.008-3.01), dissatisfaction with life (P ˂ 0.001, Exp(B) = 5.327, 95% CI = 3.02-9.36) and having no leisure time activity (P = 0.047, Exp(B) = 1.846, 95% CI = 1.009-3.37) were found to be the independent predictors of presence of depression, as indicated by GDS. In logistic regression analysis, dissatisfaction with life (P ˂ 0.001, Exp(B) = 2.631, 95% CI = 1.53-4.50) was found to be an independent predictor of high SPS scores. CONCLUSION In elderly individuals without overt disabling disease, dissatisfaction with life, absence of leisure time activities, and a life without a partner seem to significantly increase the likelihood of overt depression. On the other hand, there is occult increase in suicide risk in the presence of dissatisfaction with their lives in the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuryil Yilmaz
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey
| | - Sanem Nemmezi Karaca
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey
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Abstract
The diaphragm muscle is the most important contractile district used for breathing. Like other muscles in the human body, it is subject to ageing and sarcopenia. Sarcopenia can be classified as primary (or age-related) when there are no local or systemic pathologies that cause a functional and morphological detriment of skeletal musculature. Secondary sarcopenia occurs when there is a cause or more pathological causes (illness, malnutrition, immobility) related or unrelated to ageing. In the elderly population, transdiaphragmatic pressure (Pdi) decreases by 20-41%, with a decline in the overall strength of 30% (the strength of the expiratory muscles also decreases). The article discusses the adaptation of the diaphragm muscle to ageing and some other ailments and co-morbidities, such as back pain, emotional alterations, motor incoordination, and cognitive disorders, which are related to breathing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Bordoni
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Foundation Don Carlo Gnocchi, Milan, ITA
| | - Bruno Morabito
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, School of Osteopathic Centre for Research and Studies, Milan, ITA
| | - Marta Simonelli
- Integrative/Complimentary Medicine, French-Italian School of Osteopathy, Pisa, ITA
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Cybulski M, Cybulski L, Krajewska-Kulak E, Orzechowska M, Cwalina U, Kowalewska B. Occurrence of mood disorders among educationally active older adults in Bialystok, Poland: a cross-sectional study. Ann Gen Psychiatry 2020; 19:35. [PMID: 32514282 PMCID: PMC7254768 DOI: 10.1186/s12991-020-00285-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 05/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mood disorders in older people are an increasingly serious health and social problem, and their prevalence increases with age. The most common mood disorders are bipolar disorder, which is the occurrence of mania and hypomania, and depressive disorders. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of mood disorders in a group of educationally active elderly people living in Bialystok, Poland. METHODS The study included a total of 162 people-residents of Bialystok-aged 60 or older; 135 women (83.33%) and 27 men (16.67%). The study used five standardized psychometric scales: The Mood Disorder Questionnaire (MDQ), Hypomania Check List (HCL-32), Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) and The Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale (Zung SDS). RESULTS Nearly 90.00% of the respondents obtained GDS scores indicating the presence of mild depressive symptoms; however, on the Zung SDS, which also evaluates depression symptom levels, the result obtained in almost the same number of respondents showed an absence of these symptoms. A similar percentage of respondents also obtained values on the MDQ that allow to determine a lack of bipolar disorder characteristics in the studied population. Over half of the respondents (58.02%) did not show symptoms of hypomania using the HCL-32. There was a significant correlation between the results of the GDS and Zung SDS, the HCL-32 and MDQ, as well as the HCL-32 and Zung SDS in the total studied group. CONCLUSIONS Mood disorders, particularly depression, constitute a significant social and health problem in the group of educationally active older adults living in Bialystok. In light of the obtained research results, it is recommended to conduct and improve already realized health education programs for the elderly on the subject of mood disorder prevention and their impact on quality of life. There is a need for further research on mood disorders in the elderly to determine their prevalence on a national scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz Cybulski
- Department of Integrated Medical Care, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Bialystok, 7a M. Sklodowskiej-Curie Str, 15-096 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Lukasz Cybulski
- Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Elzbieta Krajewska-Kulak
- Department of Integrated Medical Care, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Bialystok, 7a M. Sklodowskiej-Curie Str, 15-096 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Magda Orzechowska
- Department of Integrated Medical Care, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Bialystok, 7a M. Sklodowskiej-Curie Str, 15-096 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Urszula Cwalina
- Department of Statistics and Medical Informatics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Beata Kowalewska
- Department of Integrated Medical Care, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Bialystok, 7a M. Sklodowskiej-Curie Str, 15-096 Bialystok, Poland
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Rong J, Chen G, Wang X, Ge Y, Meng N, Xie T, Ding H. Correlation Between Depressive Symptoms And Quality Of Life, And Associated Factors For Depressive Symptoms Among Rural Elderly In Anhui, China. Clin Interv Aging 2019; 14:1901-1910. [PMID: 31806946 PMCID: PMC6839580 DOI: 10.2147/cia.s225141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose We aimed to assess the current status of depressive symptoms and quality of life (QoL) among rural elderly in central China (Anhui Province) and explore their correlation and associated factors for depressive symptoms. Methods A multi-stage random sampling method was used to obtain 3349 participants (aged ≥60): 1206 poor and 2143 non-poor. The 30-item Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-30) and five-dimensional European quality of health scale (EQ-5D) were employed to evaluate depressive symptoms and QoL, respectively. Results The prevalence of depressive symptoms was 52.9%, and that in the poor group (62.3%) was significantly higher than the non-poor group (47.6%). The GDS-30 score was 12.40 ± 7.089, and the poor group scored significantly higher (14.045 ± 6.929) than the non-poor group (11.472 ± 7.011). The EQ-5D score was 0.713 ± 0.186, and the poor group (0.668 ± 0.192) scored significantly lower than the non-poor group (0.738 ± 0.178). There was a significant negative correlation between depressive symptoms and QoL (r = −0.400, P-value <0.05). The following factors were associated with depressive symptoms: poverty, low EQ-5D score, female gender, older age, illiteracy, unemployed, chronic diseases, and hospitalization in previous year. Conclusion Rural elderly in central China have a high prevalence of depressive symptoms and low QoL. Poverty was associated with a higher prevalence of depressive symptoms and lower QoL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Rong
- Department of Health Services Management, School of Health Management, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, People's Republic of China
| | - Guimei Chen
- Department of Health Services Management, School of Health Management, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueqin Wang
- Department of Medical Engineering, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanhong Ge
- Department of Health Services Management, School of Health Management, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, People's Republic of China
| | - Nana Meng
- Department of Health Services Management, School of Health Management, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, People's Republic of China
| | - Tingting Xie
- Department of Health Services Management, School of Health Management, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Ding
- Department of Health Services Management, School of Health Management, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, People's Republic of China
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