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Romanenko A, Bielka K. LABOUR ANALGESIA AND THE RISK OF POSTPARTUM DEPRESSION. WIADOMOSCI LEKARSKIE (WARSAW, POLAND : 1960) 2023; 75:2948-2952. [PMID: 36723308 DOI: 10.36740/wlek202212109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim: To find association between postpostpartum depression incidence and mode of labour analgesia. PATIENTS AND METHODS Materials and methods: This is a prospective observational study conducted at the Kyiv City Maternity Hospital №5 (from March 2020 to May 2021). Using google-form and face-to-face interviews, 321 women completed Childbirth Experience Questionnaire on the 2- 3-rd day in the postpartum period. After the first survey, only 35% of women agreed to screen for postpartum depression (PPD) by Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale. Univariate logistic regression method was used to assess the risk relation between PPD and factors. RESULTS Results: Women who used nitrous oxide (50:50) and non-pharmacological methods of labour analgesia were associated with the decreased risk of PPD (p = 0,044), OR = 2.83 (95% CI 1,03-7,79), compared to women with patient-control epidural analgesia. On the other hand, there are factors which do not have impact on the risk of depressive symptoms, such as age (p = 0,266); parity (p = 0,713); mode of delivery (p=0,959); pain intensity (p=0,931). CONCLUSION Conclusions: Our findings confirmed the association between nitrous oxide and the alternative methods of labour analgesia usage and decreased risk of development PPD.
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Sarkar PK, Singh P, Dhillon MS, Singh A, Bhattacharya S. Impact of two intervention packages on the health and fitness of ante - and post-natal women attending in a teaching hospital. J Family Med Prim Care 2021; 10:3738-3747. [PMID: 34934674 PMCID: PMC8653457 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_427_21z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 07/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Pregnancy brings about many changes in mothers' body which continue even after the baby is born. After a vaginal delivery, taking good care of the mother is an essential part of postpartum care and to maintain overall fitness. Objective The purpose of this research was to evaluate the effect of a physiotherapeutic intervention to improve the maternity fitness of Indian women. Methodology It was a three-group RCT (randomized controlled trial). The target population consisted of women in ante and postnatal stage, 50 participants (58 were included in the end) in each group, randomly selected from Obstetrics and Gynecology OPD of a tertiary care hospital in North India. The study was carried out in the department of PRM (Physiotherapy). A total of 174 participants was included in the study and was divided into three groups, two intervention groups, and one control group. The target population consisted of women in ante and postnatal stage, randomly selected from ANC (Antenatal clinic) and PNC (Post-natal clinic). The study was conducted over a period of 4 years (2014-2018). They were advised to do exercise, postural correction, regular walking, and electrotherapy modalities and six follow-ups throughout their pregnancy. Outcome measures like (Visual Analogue Scale = VAS): Low and upper back pain relief (n = 158), Leg cramps (n = 41), Coccyx pain (n = 36), Sacro-iliac joint pain (n = 26) was considered. Results The impact of the intervention package on both ante-natal and post-natal women with fitness-related health problems showed significant improvement. Conclusion Pain, leg cramp and heaviness in the lower limb, coccyx pain, etc., during pregnancy are common complaints that start early in pregnancy and may persist throughout life if treatment does not start early in the pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Paramvir Singh
- Department of Sports Science, Punjabi University, Patiala, India
| | | | - Amarjeet Singh
- Department of Community Medicine and School of Public Health, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India
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Winarni LM, Nuryanti, Wibisono, Sari N. Does prenatal massage reduce severe pain of mother in active labour? ENFERMERIA CLINICA 2021. [PMID: 33849218 DOI: 10.1016/j.enfcli.2020.09.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
This study aims to explain the relationship between prenatal massage with the level of pain in mothers in active labor. A one group pre-test and post-test quasi-experimental were conducted. Respondents are a mother (n=40) who having active labor in public health services were divide into two groups, control (n=20) and intervention groups (n=20). Efflurage technic was conducted to message about 10-15min each mother when having contraction until delivered her baby for intervention groups. A visual analog scale and Numeric rating scale was used to measure pain. After prenatal massage, the pain score of mother in intervention groups decreased from 7.65 to 4.35 (Z 0.001) compare to control groups pain scores are 6.45 to 7.15. Massage for mothers in active labor, one of can be alternate to reduce severe pain. This intervention is also make the mother more relaxed and calm. The midwife should do this massage in active labor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lastri Mei Winarni
- Midwifery Program, Yatsi Nursing & Midwifery School, Tangerang, Banten, Indonesia.
| | - Nuryanti
- Midwifery Program, Yatsi Nursing & Midwifery School, Tangerang, Banten, Indonesia
| | - Wibisono
- Nursing Program, Yatsi Nursing & Midwifery School, Tangerang, Banten, Indonesia
| | - Novita Sari
- Midwifery Program, Yatsi Nursing & Midwifery School, Tangerang, Banten, Indonesia
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Massage and heat application on labor pain and comfort: A quasi-randomized controlled experimental study. Explore (NY) 2020; 17:438-445. [PMID: 32828687 DOI: 10.1016/j.explore.2020.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study was to determine the effects of sacral massage and heat application on the perceptions of labor pain and comfort level in pregnant women. METHODS This was a quasi-randomized controlled experimental study. The data were collected under three groups in 2016: the heat application group (HAG), the massage group (MG), and the control group (CG). Each group included 30 primiparous pregnant women (range of age: 17-35) whose cervix was dilated to 4-5 cm. At 4-5 cm, 6-7 cm, and 8-9 cm cervical dilation, sacral massage was applied to MG, and sacral heat application was applied to HAG. Each group received standard midwifery care during labor. The data were collected using the Childbirth Comfort Questionnaire (CCQ) and the Numerical Rating Scale (NRS). The data were analyzed by using the Chi-square test, the Friedman test, Paired sample t-test, ANOVA, the Kruskal-Wallis test, and Wilcoxon signed-ranks test RESULTS: The mean pain score in HAG (4.56±0.67) during 4-5 cm of cervical dilation was significantly lower than those in MG (5.03±1.06) or CG (5.23±0.72) (p < 0.05). The mean pain scores in HAG (6.80±0.7) and MG (7.30±0.8) during 6-7 cm of cervical dilation were significantly lower than that in CG (7.70±0.5) (p < 0.001). Moreover, a statistically significant difference was found between the mean CCQ total scores (HAG: 31.06±3.46, CG: 27.66±3.85, p < 0.05), mean CCQ physical comfort scores (HAG: 13.16±1.89, CG: 11.03±1.80, p < 0.001), mean CCQ relief comfort level score (HAG: 11.23±1.43, CG: 10.00±2.01, p < 0.05) and mean CCQ transcendence comfort level scores (HAG: 19.83±2.37, CG: 17.66±2.15, p < 0.05) and both HAG and CG during 8-9 cm of cervical dilation. CONCLUSIONS Heat application and massage can be used as a safe and effective midwifery intervention to reduce the perception of pain in pregnant women and provide comfort during labor.
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Fogarty S, Steel A, Hall H, Hay P. Australian massage therapists' views and practices related to preconception, pregnancy and the early postpartum period. Complement Ther Clin Pract 2020; 40:101222. [PMID: 32891296 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctcp.2020.101222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Massage is commonly used by the Australian public and is often sought by expectant mothers. Despite its popularity there is no regulatory body to enforce minimum educational standards, guidelines or evidence-based best practice for massage therapists. The aim of this paper is to critically examine the views and practices of massage therapists who offer preconception, antenatal or postnatal massage. MATERIALS AND METHODS An online survey was administered to Australian massage therapists who provide massage in the preconception, antenatal or postnatal periods. RESULTS Ninety-nine therapists completed the survey. The majority of respondents had received training in pregnancy massage (n = 72; 72.7%) only. The most confident respondents were those that had both training and experience. CONCLUSION There are potential gaps in training for massage therapists including up-to-date curriculum and a fragmentation around industry training requirements for pregnancy massage, which may impact on the safety and benefits of pregnancy massage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Fogarty
- School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Australia.
| | - Amie Steel
- Faculty of Health University of Technology Sydney, Australia
| | - Helen Hall
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Monash University, Australia
| | - Phillipa Hay
- School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Australia
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Prieto Bocanegra BM, Gil Sosa JC, Madrid Simbaqueba DC. Terapias complementarias durante la gestación y parto. Revisión integrativa. REVISTA CUIDARTE 2020. [DOI: 10.15649/cuidarte.1056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Introducción: La gestación y el parto son experiencias significativas, que dejan huella en cada mujer que realiza éste tránsito, por tanto, la aplicación de estrategias complementarias contribuye a un cuidado más humano. Objetivo: Describir las terapias complementarias que se pueden aplicar en forma efectiva y segura en mujeres gestantes, para contribuir a un mayor bienestar durante el embarazo y parto. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó una revisión integrativa de la literatura, en diferentes bases de datos: Science Direct, Medline, Scielo, Scopus y Ovid; en inglés, portugués y español, durante el segundo semestre de 2018 y primero del 2019. Resultados: Se analizaron diferentes terapias alternativas que se usan con mujeres gestantes: la masoterapia, hidroterapia, termoterapia, libertad de movimientos, uso de pelotas, visualización de imágenes, musicoterapia; las cuales dieron seguridad en su aplicación, con resultados benéficos en el binomio madre-hijo. Discusión: las terapias complementarias, son una oportunidad que tiene el profesional de enfermería para poder aplicarlas en los diferentes contextos en donde se cuida la gestante, si bien existe diversa literatura que señalan los beneficios tanto para la madre como para el feto, es necesario que los profesionales las reconozcan y pongan en práctica en los diferentes escenarios de cuidado. Conclusiones: El uso de las terapias complementarias, durante el embarazo y parto de bajo riesgo, son útiles para disminuir las diferentes molestias presentadas durante estas etapas y mejorar así la experiencia de gestar y parir.
Como citar este artículo: Prieto Bocanegra Brigitte Migdolia, Gil Sosa Johana Carolina, Madrid Simbaqueba Diana Carolina. Terapias complementarias durante la gestación y parto. revisión integrativa. Revista Cuidarte. 2020; 11(2): e1056. http://dx.doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.1056
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Haseli A, Ghiasi A, Hashemzadeh M. Do Breathing Techniques Enhance the Effect of Massage Therapy in Reducing the Length of Labor or not? a Randomized Clinical Trial. J Caring Sci 2019; 8:257-263. [PMID: 31915629 PMCID: PMC6942653 DOI: 10.15171/jcs.2019.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Prolonged labor is a common birth complication that is associated with some negative maternal and fetal effects. The aims of this study were 1) to evaluate the effect of effleurage abdominal massage and 2) to assess the effects size of breathing techniques with massage on the length of labor. Methods: This study was a randomized trial with concealed allocation, assessor blinding for some outcomes and intent-to-treat analysis. Primiparous women (n=117) age 18-35 years who were randomly assigned to three groups; abdominal massage (n=37), abdominal massage with breathing technique (n=38) and control (n=42). Although it was randomized block design with the allocation ratio 1:1:1 but soon after the sample was withdrawn in labor, another was replaced. Experimental groups’ participants received a 30-min effleurage abdominal massage during the active and transitional phases of labor. Particular breathing techniques in each stage of labor were done. Data were analyzed using SPSS ver.13. Results: Duration of the active phase was 244.89(83.30) min in the massage, 254(68.55) min in massage with breathing and 312.07(67.17) min in control group, which was significantly different between the massage and control groups (P<0.001, Min Diff; -67.18), as well as massage with breathing and control groups (P=0.003, Min Diff; -9.63). The Scheffe test showed no significant difference between the two experimental groups. Conclusion: Effleurage abdominal massages decrease length of active phase on labor, but the learning of breathing techniques in labor couldn’t enhance this effect of massage, so it is likely that breathing exercises may be considered during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arezoo Haseli
- Department of Nursing, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran.,Student Research Committee, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Ashraf Ghiasi
- Student Research Committee, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Mozhgan Hashemzadeh
- Student Research Committee, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
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The effects of foot reflexology on back pain after coronary angiography: A randomized controlled trial. Complement Ther Clin Pract 2019; 38:101068. [PMID: 31739213 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctcp.2019.101068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Revised: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Back pain is among the most common complaints of patients during the first hours after coronary angiography (CA), i.e. when they are restricted to complete bed rest. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of foot reflexology on back pain after CA. METHODS This randomized controlled trial was conducted in 2018-2019 on patients hospitalized in the post-angiography unit of Razi hospital, Birjand, Iran. Through convenience sampling, 120 patients were recruited and their demographic characteristics and baseline back pain intensity were assessed immediately after angiography using a demographic questionnaire and a visual analogue scale, respectively. Then, patients were randomly allocated to a control (n = 60) and a reflexology (n = 60) group through block randomization. Patients in the reflexology group received 8-min foot reflexology for each foot (16 min for both feet) while their counterparts in the control group solely received routine post-angiography care services. Back pain assessment was repeated for all participants immediately, two, four, and 6 h after the intervention. Data were analyzed using the SPSS software (v. 16.0). FINDINGS Back pain intensity significantly increased after angiography in both groups (P < 0.05). Yet, pain intensity in the reflexology group at all post-intervention measurement time points was significantly less than the control group (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION Foot reflexology is effective in significantly reducing back pain after CA.
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Akköz Çevik S, Karaduman S. The effect of sacral massage on labor pain and anxiety: A randomized controlled trial. Jpn J Nurs Sci 2019; 17:e12272. [PMID: 31298494 DOI: 10.1111/jjns.12272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Revised: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIM Nonpharmacologic pain control methods, which are increasingly becoming widespread in coping with labor pain, are the methods that allow women to completely relax without using any medication and direct them to perceive the pain at the lowest level. This study was conducted to determine the effect of sacral massage on labor pain and anxiety. METHODS This study was conducted as a randomized controlled experimental study at Bağcılar Hospital, Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinic between March and October 2016. In all, 60 women, 30 of whom were in the control group and 30 of whom were in the experimental group, constituted the research sample. The women in the experimental group were administered a massage to the sacral region for 30 min. The questionnaire form, birth action follow-up form, postpartum interview form, visual analog scale (VAS) and state-trait anxiety inventory were used to collect data in the study. RESULTS The latent phase VAS averages (3.57 ± 1.43), active phase VAS averages (7.03 ± 1.5) and transition phase VAS averages (8.83 ± 1.78) of the experimental group were found to be statistically significantly lower than those of the control group (P < .05). CONCLUSION It was concluded that sacral massage applied during labor reduced women's labor pain, lowered the levels of concern and anxiety, led to greater feelings of satisfaction among pregnant women in terms of labor, positively affected the perception of labor and had no fetal side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Semra Akköz Çevik
- Obstetric and Gyneacologic Nursing Department, Gaziantep University of Faculty of Health Sciences, Gaziantep, Turkey
| | - Serap Karaduman
- Obstetric Department, Bağcılar Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
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Sriasih NGK, Hadi MC, Suindri NN, Surati GA, Mahayati NMD. The Effect of Massage Therapy Using Frangipani Aromatherapy Oil to Reduce the Childbirth Pain Intensity. Int J Ther Massage Bodywork 2019; 12:18-24. [PMID: 31191785 PMCID: PMC6542573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pain during labor is one of the worst pains experienced by women. If the woman cannot adapt to it, it may lead to uncoordinated uterine contractions causing a long-complicated labor with the possibility of death of the mother and baby. PURPOSE The aim of the study is to observe the effect of massage treatment using frangipani aromatherapy oil to reduce the childbirth pain intensity. SETTING Pembantu Dauh Puri Health Center Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia. PARTICIPANTS Pregnant women in labor. RESEARCH DESIGN A quasi-experimental research design was used with pretreatment and posttreatment groups and a control. The respondents were 70 pregnant women in labor in Pembantu Dauh Puri Health Center Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia. Data were collected during scheduled observation and were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney statistical test. INTERVENTION The participants in the treatment group were massaged with frangipani aromatherapy oil by rubbing and pressing the hand palms to the back region at thoracic vertebrae 10, 11, 12 and lumbar 1 levels. The women in the control group were massaged with virgin coconut oil in the same manner as that done to the treatment group. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE This study aimed to investigate the potential of frangipani aromatherapy oil to be used as maternity care in helping pregnant women become more comfortable in the process of normal birthing, based on modified midwife examination form, which contain Numeric Rating Score (NRS), and interviews with the participants to measure the pain intensity. RESULT Before the massage treatment, most of the respondents experienced severe pain. While receiving massage without aromatherapy, respondents mostly still experienced severe pain. However, after a massage treatment using frangipani oil aromatherapy, most respondents experienced reduced pain. There was a statistically significant effect of massage treatment using frangipani aromatherapy oil on the childbirth pain intensity (p < .001). CONCLUSION In this study, massage treatment using frangipani oil aromatherapy decreased the childbirth pain intensity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ni Gusti Kompiang Sriasih
- Department of Midwifery, Polytechnic of Denpasar, Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia,Corresponding author: Ni Gusti Kompiang Sriasih, Department of Midwifery, Polytechnic of Denpasar, Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia,
| | - M. Choirul Hadi
- Department of Environmental Health, Health Polytechnic of Denpasar, Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia
| | - Ni Nyoman Suindri
- Department of Midwifery, Polytechnic of Denpasar, Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia
| | - Gusti Ayu Surati
- Department of Midwifery, Polytechnic of Denpasar, Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia
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The side effects and mother or child related physical harm from massage during pregnancy and the postpartum period: An observational study. Complement Ther Med 2019; 42:89-94. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ctim.2018.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Revised: 09/24/2018] [Accepted: 11/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
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O’Hair CM, Armstrong K, Rutherford HJ. The Potential Utility for Massage Therapy During Pregnancy to Decrease Stress and Tobacco Use. Int J Ther Massage Bodywork 2018; 11:15-19. [PMID: 30108669 PMCID: PMC6087659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A significant number of women continue to smoke tobacco during pregnancy despite the increased risk of complications to fetal and infant development. Therefore, effective interventions are needed to assist pregnant women with the process of tobacco cessation. Traditional counseling programs have demonstrated some success; however, novel approaches that target stress as a mechanism in the maintenance of addiction would be valuable. OBJECTIVE To examine the role of stress in addiction and the utility of massage therapy to decrease stress during pregnancy. CONCLUSION Preliminary evidence suggests massage therapy may be beneficial to decreasing tobacco use, and research in pregnant populations is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Helena J.V. Rutherford
- Yale Child Study Center, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA,Corresponding author: Helena Rutherford, PhD, Yale Child Study Center, Yale University, 230 South Frontage Rd., New Haven, CT, USA,
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Smith CA, Levett KM, Collins CT, Dahlen HG, Ee CC, Suganuma M. Massage, reflexology and other manual methods for pain management in labour. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2018; 3:CD009290. [PMID: 29589380 PMCID: PMC6494169 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd009290.pub3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many women would like to avoid pharmacological or invasive methods of pain management in labour, and this may contribute towards the popularity of complementary methods of pain management. This review examined the evidence currently available on manual methods, including massage and reflexology, for pain management in labour. This review is an update of the review first published in 2012. OBJECTIVES To assess the effect, safety and acceptability of massage, reflexology and other manual methods to manage pain in labour. SEARCH METHODS For this update, we searched Cochrane Pregnancy and Childbirth's Trials Register (30 June 2017), the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL; 2017, Issue 6), MEDLINE (1966 to 30 June 2017, CINAHL (1980 to 30 June 2017), the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (4 August 2017), Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (4 August 2017), ClinicalTrials.gov, (4 August 2017), the National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health (4 August 2017), the WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (ICTRP) (4 August 2017) and reference lists of retrieved trials. SELECTION CRITERIA We included randomised controlled trials comparing manual methods with standard care, other non-pharmacological forms of pain management in labour, no treatment or placebo. We searched for trials of the following modalities: massage, warm packs, thermal manual methods, reflexology, chiropractic, osteopathy, musculo-skeletal manipulation, deep tissue massage, neuro-muscular therapy, shiatsu, tuina, trigger point therapy, myotherapy and zero balancing. We excluded trials for pain management relating to hypnosis, aromatherapy, acupuncture and acupressure; these are included in other Cochrane reviews. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Two review authors independently assessed trial quality, extracted data and checked data for accuracy. We contacted trial authors for additional information. We assessed the quality of the evidence using the GRADE approach. MAIN RESULTS We included a total of 14 trials; 10 of these (1055 women) contributed data to meta-analysis. Four trials, involving 274 women, met our inclusion criteria but did not contribute data to the review. Over half the trials had a low risk of bias for random sequence generation and attrition bias. The majority of trials had a high risk of performance bias and detection bias, and an unclear risk of reporting bias. We found no trials examining the effectiveness of reflexology.MassageWe found low-quality evidence that massage provided a greater reduction in pain intensity (measured using self-reported pain scales) than usual care during the first stage of labour (standardised mean difference (SMD) -0.81, 95% confidence interval (CI) -1.06 to -0.56, six trials, 362 women). Two trials reported on pain intensity during the second and third stages of labour, and there was evidence of a reduction in pain scores in favour of massage (SMD -0.98, 95% CI -2.23 to 0.26, 124 women; and SMD -1.03, 95% CI -2.17 to 0.11, 122 women). There was very low-quality evidence showing no clear benefit of massage over usual care for the length of labour (in minutes) (mean difference (MD) 20.64, 95% CI -58.24 to 99.52, six trials, 514 women), and pharmacological pain relief (average risk ratio (RR) 0.81, 95% CI 0.37 to 1.74, four trials, 105 women). There was very low-quality evidence showing no clear benefit of massage for assisted vaginal birth (average RR 0.71, 95% CI 0.44 to 1.13, four trials, 368 women) and caesarean section (RR 0.75, 95% CI 0.51 to 1.09, six trials, 514 women). One trial reported less anxiety during the first stage of labour for women receiving massage (MD -16.27, 95% CI -27.03 to -5.51, 60 women). One trial found an increased sense of control from massage (MD 14.05, 95% CI 3.77 to 24.33, 124 women, low-quality evidence). Two trials examining satisfaction with the childbirth experience reported data on different scales; both found more satisfaction with massage, although the evidence was low quality in one study and very low in the other.Warm packsWe found very low-quality evidence for reduced pain (Visual Analogue Scale/VAS) in the first stage of labour (SMD -0.59, 95% CI -1.18 to -0.00, three trials, 191 women), and the second stage of labour (SMD -1.49, 95% CI -2.85 to -0.13, two trials, 128 women). Very low-quality evidence showed reduced length of labour (minutes) in the warm-pack group (MD -66.15, 95% CI -91.83 to -40.47; two trials; 128 women).Thermal manual methodsOne trial evaluated thermal manual methods versus usual care and found very low-quality evidence of reduced pain intensity during the first phase of labour for women receiving thermal methods (MD -1.44, 95% CI -2.24 to -0.65, one trial, 96 women). There was a reduction in the length of labour (minutes) (MD -78.24, 95% CI -118.75 to -37.73, one trial, 96 women, very low-quality evidence). There was no clear difference for assisted vaginal birth (very low-quality evidence). Results were similar for cold packs versus usual care, and intermittent hot and cold packs versus usual care, for pain intensity, length of labour and assisted vaginal birth.Music One trial that compared manual methods with music found very low-quality evidence of reduced pain intensity during labour in the massage group (RR 0.40, 95% CI 0.18 to 0.89, 101 women). There was no evidence of benefit for reduced use of pharmacological pain relief (RR 0.41, 95% CI 0.16 to 1.08, very low-quality evidence).Of the seven outcomes we assessed using GRADE, only pain intensity was reported in all comparisons. Satisfaction with the childbirth experience, sense of control, and caesarean section were rarely reported in any of the comparisons. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS Massage, warm pack and thermal manual methods may have a role in reducing pain, reducing length of labour and improving women's sense of control and emotional experience of labour, although the quality of evidence varies from low to very low and few trials reported on the key GRADE outcomes. Few trials reported on safety as an outcome. There is a need for further research to address these outcomes and to examine the effectiveness and efficacy of these manual methods for pain management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline A Smith
- Western Sydney UniversityNational Institute of Complementary Medicine (NICM)Locked Bag 1797PenrithNew South WalesAustralia2751
| | - Kate M Levett
- The University of Notre DameSchool of MedicineSydneyAustralia
| | - Carmel T Collins
- South Australian Health and Medical Research InstituteHealthy Mothers, Babies and Children72 King William RoadNorth AdelaideSouth AustraliaAustralia5006
| | - Hannah G Dahlen
- Western Sydney UniversitySchool of Nursing and MidwiferyLocked Bag 1797PenrithNSWAustralia2751
| | - Carolyn C Ee
- Western Sydney UniversityNational Institute of Complementary Medicine (NICM)Locked Bag 1797PenrithNew South WalesAustralia2751
| | - Machiko Suganuma
- South Australian Health and Medical Research InstituteHealthy Mothers, Babies and Children72 King William RoadNorth AdelaideSouth AustraliaAustralia5006
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Akbarzadeh M, Nematollahi A, Farahmand M, Amooee S. The Effect of Two-Staged Warm Compress on the Pain Duration of First and Second Labor Stages and Apgar Score in Prim Gravida Women: a Randomized Clinical Trial. J Caring Sci 2018; 7:21-26. [PMID: 29637053 PMCID: PMC5889794 DOI: 10.15171/jcs.2018.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2017] [Accepted: 12/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The aim of this study was to assess the
effect of two-stage warm compress technique on the pain duration of the first
and second labor stages and neonatal outcomes.
Methods: The clinical trial was done
on 150 women (75 subjects in each groups) in Shiraz-affiliated hospitals in
2012 A
two-staged warm compress was done for 15-20 minutes in the first and second
labor phase (cervical dilatation of 7 and 10 cm with zero status) while the
control group received hospital routine care. The duration of labor and Apgar
score were evaluated.
Results: According to t-test,
the average of labor duration was lower in the intervention group compared to
the control group at the second stage. However, there was no significant
difference for labor duration at the first stage and the first and fifth minute
Apgar score.
Conclusion: According to the result, this intervention seems
a good method for decreasing labor duration at the second stage of parturition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzieh Akbarzadeh
- Department of Midwifery, Maternal-fetal Medicine Research Center, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Azar Nematollahi
- Department of Midwifery, Community Based Psychiatric Care Research Centre, Fatemeh Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mahnaz Farahmand
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Sedigheh Amooee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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15
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Integrative Therapies for Women with a High Risk Pregnancy During Antepartum Hospitalization. MCN Am J Matern Child Nurs 2016; 41:356-362. [DOI: 10.1097/nmc.0000000000000279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Dehcheshmeh FS, Rafiei H. Complementary and alternative therapies to relieve labor pain: A comparative study between music therapy and Hoku point ice massage. Complement Ther Clin Pract 2015; 21:229-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ctcp.2015.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2015] [Revised: 09/06/2015] [Accepted: 09/06/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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17
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Nelson NL. Massage therapy: understanding the mechanisms of action on blood pressure. A scoping review. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 9:785-793. [PMID: 26324746 DOI: 10.1016/j.jash.2015.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2015] [Revised: 07/06/2015] [Accepted: 07/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Massage therapy (MT) has shown potential in reducing blood pressure (BP); however, the psychophysiological pathways and structures involved in this outcome are unclear. The aims of this scoping review were twofold. (1) To summarize the current knowledge of the mechanisms of action of MT on BP. (2) To highlight the research gaps and challenges that researchers must overcome to further elucidate how MT attenuates BP. A scoping review was conducted to examine the evidence regarding the mechanisms of action of MT on BP. This review included the thematic analysis of 27 publications that considered the influence of MT on BP. Based on this analysis, six potential BP mediating pathways were identified Current theories suggest that MT exerts sympatholytic effects through physiologic and psychological mechanisms, improves hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenocortical axis function, and increases in blood flow, which, in turn, may improve endothelial function. Future study is needed, using more scientifically rigorous methodology, to fully elucidate the mechanism of action of MT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole L Nelson
- Clinical and Applied Movement Sciences, Brooks College of Health, University of North Florida, Jacksonville, FL, USA.
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18
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Akbarzade M, Rafiee B, Asadi N, Zare N. The effect of maternal relaxation training on reactivity of non-stress test, Basal fetal heart rate, and number of fetal heart accelerations: a randomized controlled trial. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY BASED NURSING AND MIDWIFERY 2015; 3:51-9. [PMID: 25553334 PMCID: PMC4280557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2014] [Revised: 10/18/2014] [Accepted: 11/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Relaxation-training, as an anxiety-reducer intervention, plays an important role in fetal health. The present study aimed to analyze the effect of maternal relaxation on stress test (NST), basal fetal heart rate, and number of fetal heart accelerations. METHODS In this randomized controlled trial, 84 pregnant women were randomly divided into two groups of teaching relaxation and control groups in 2012. In the intervention group, 60-90 minute classes were held every week lasting for 4 weeks. Besides, home practice charts were given to the mothers and researchers controlled the home practices by phone calls every week. The control group received routine prenatal care. In the 4(th) week, NST was performed in the intervention group 30 minutes before and after the 4(th) session. In the control group, NST was done in the 4(th) week. The quantitative variables in the two groups were compared through ANOVA and Chi-square test. RESULTS The results of paired t-test showed that relaxation could improve the NST results (P=0.01). Mean and standard deviation of basal fetal heart rate was 138.95±8.18 before the intervention and 133.07±6.9 after the intervention. Paired t-test also showed that relaxation reduced the basal fetal heart rate (P=0.001). Mean and standard deviation of the number of fetal heart accelerations was 1.5±0.8 before the intervention and 2.2±0.9 after it. The results of paired t-test also showed that relaxation increased the number of fetal heart accelerations (P=0.001). CONCLUSIONS Relaxation could improve the NST results, reduce the basal fetal heart rate, and increase the number of fetal heart accelerations. Therefore, relaxation is recommended during pregnancy. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER IRCT2012072810418N1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzieh Akbarzade
- Community Based Psychiatric Care Research Center, Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran;
| | - Bahare Rafiee
- Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran;
| | - Nasrin Asadi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran;
| | - Najaf Zare
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Medicine, Infertility Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Oyetunde MO, Ojerinde OE. Labour pain perception and use of non-pharmacologic labour support in newly delivered mothers in Ibadan, Nigeria. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.12968/ajmw.2013.7.4.164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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20
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Silva Gallo RB, Santana LS, Jorge Ferreira CH, Marcolin AC, Polineto OB, Duarte G, Quintana SM. Massage reduced severity of pain during labour: a randomised trial. J Physiother 2013; 59:109-16. [PMID: 23663796 DOI: 10.1016/s1836-9553(13)70163-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
QUESTION Does massage relieve pain in the active phase of labour? DESIGN Randomised trial with concealed allocation, assessor blinding for some outcomes, and intention-to-treat analysis. PARTICIPANTS 46 women pregnant at ≥ 37 weeks gestation with a single fetus, with spontaneous onset of labour, 4-5cm of cervical dilation, intact ovular membranes, and no use of medication after admission to hospital. INTERVENTION Experimental group participants received a 30-min lumbar massage by a physiotherapist during the active phase of labour. A physiotherapist attended control group participants for the same period but only answered questions. Both groups received routine perinatal care. OUTCOME MEASURES The primary outcome was pain severity measured on a 100mm visual analogue scale. Secondary outcomes included the Short Form McGill Pain Questionnaire, pain location, and time to analgesic medication use. After labour, a blinded researcher also recorded duration of labour, route of delivery, neonatal outcomes, and the participant's satisfaction with the physiotherapist during labour. RESULTS At the end of the intervention, pain severity was 52mm (SD 20) in the experimental group and 72mm (SD 15) in control group, which was significantly different with a mean difference of 20mm (95% CI 10 to 31). The groups did not differ significantly on the other pain-related outcome measures. Obstetric outcomes were also similar between the groups except the duration of labour, which was 6.8hr (SD 1.6) in the experimental group and 5.7hr (SD 1.5) in the control group, mean difference 1.1hr (95% CI 0.2 to 2.0). Patients in both groups were satisfied with the care provided by the physiotherapist. CONCLUSION Massage reduced the severity of pain in labour, despite not changing its characteristics and location.
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Papathanassoglou EDE, Mpouzika MDA. Interpersonal touch: physiological effects in critical care. Biol Res Nurs 2012; 14:431-43. [PMID: 22773451 DOI: 10.1177/1099800412451312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Nurses use several forms of touch in patient encounters. Interpersonal touch elicits specific physiological and psychological responses, including neuroendocrine effects and reduction of stress. Critical illness is a state of excessive physiological and psychological stress. AIMS To critically review evidence on the effect of touch on physiological outcomes in critically ill individuals. Results of intervention studies in adult critical care settings were reviewed along with supportive evidence from studies in other populations. METHODS Critical literature review based on studies published in MEDLINE, PubMed, Cinahl, Embase, and Cochrane databases. RESULTS Eleven studies were reviewed. Significant effects of interpersonal touch included lower systolic and diastolic blood pressure and respiratory rate, improved sleep, and decreased pain. Almost no results were replicated owing to discrepancies among studies. Although the effect of touch on cardiovascular autonomic status appears considerable, several confounders must be considered. In noncritically ill populations, replicable findings included increased urinary dopamine and serotonin, natural killer cytotoxic activity, and salivary chromogranin. Effects on plasma cortisol and immune cells were variable. Effects appear to vary according to amount of pressure, body site, duration, and timing: Moderate pressure touch may elicit a parasympathetic response in contrast to light touch, which may elicit a sympathetic response. Moreover, touch effects may be mediated by the density of autonomic innervation received by the body areas involved and repetition of sessions. CONCLUSION The physiological pathway mediating the effects of touch is unclear. Although no concrete conclusions can be drawn, research evidence suggests that touch interventions may benefit critically ill individuals.
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