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Ozturk CS, Katikol E. Effect of mHealth-based relaxation program on stress coping and anxiety levels in mothers of children with cancer: A randomized controlled study. Patient Educ Couns 2024; 123:108247. [PMID: 38471311 DOI: 10.1016/j.pec.2024.108247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to explore the effects of a mHealth-based relaxation program on anxiety and stress coping levels in mothers of children with cancer. METHODS This randomized controlled, single-blind, parallel-group trial was conducted in the pediatric hematology-oncology unit of a university hospital. The study was completed by 50 mothers (intervention group: n = 25; control group: n = 25). The mothers in the intervention group participated in a mHealth-based relaxation program for eight weeks (including progressive muscle relaxation, guided imagery, and the four-leaf clover of mindfulness). Videos of the relaxation program were sent to mothers' WhatsApp accounts. The mothers in the control group received routine care. The State-Trait Anxiety and Stress Coping Scales were administered during the first and eighth weeks. The registration number of this study on ClinicalTrials.gov is NCT05807295. RESULTS Mothers who participated in the relaxation program had lower anxiety levels and higher stress-coping scores than those in the control group (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Progressive muscle relaxation exercises, guided imagery, and cognitive-based therapeutic approaches were effective in reducing mothers' anxiety and stress coping. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS Pediatric oncology nurses can apply mHealth-based relaxation programs to support caregivers, particularly mothers. In this way, ensuring the continuity and integrity of care is easy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cigdem Sari Ozturk
- Gazi University Nursing Faculty Pediatric Nursing Department, Emek, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Emine Katikol
- Gazi University Health Research and Application Center, Pediatric Hematology and Oncology Service, Yenimahalle, Ankara, Turkey.
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Noyola N, Ver Pault M, Hirshfeld-Becker DR, Chudnofsky R, Meek J, Wells LN, Wilens TE, Henin A. The Resilient Youth Program: a promising skills-based online program for resiliency and stress management. Behav Cogn Psychother 2024; 52:331-335. [PMID: 38282531 DOI: 10.1017/s1352465823000644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prevention programs that target resilience may help youth address mental health difficulties and promote well-being during public health crises. AIMS To examine the preliminary efficacy of the Resilient Youth Program (RYP). METHOD The RYP was delivered remotely from a US academic medical centre to youth in the community via a naturalistic pilot study. Data from 66 youth (ages 6-18, Mage = 11.65, SD = 3.02) and their parents were collected via quality assurance procedures (May 2020 to March 2021). Pre/post-intervention child/parent-reported psychological and stress symptoms as well as well-being measures were compared via Wilcoxon signed rank tests. Child/parent-reported skills use data were collected. RESULTS Among child-reported outcomes, there were significant decreases in physical stress (p = .03), anxiety (p = .004), depressive symptoms (p < .001) and anger (p = .002), as well as increased life satisfaction (p = .02). There were no significant differences in child-reported psychological stress (p = .06) or positive affect (p = .09). Among parent-reported child outcomes, there were significant decreases in psychological (p < .001) and physical stress (p = .03), anxiety (p < .001), depressive symptoms (p < .001), and anger (p < .002) as well as increased positive affect (p < .001) and life satisfaction (p < .001). Effect sizes ranged from small to medium; 77% of youth (73% of parents) reported using RYP skills. Age and gender were not associated with outcome change. CONCLUSIONS The RYP may help reduce psychological/stress symptoms and increase well-being among youth; further research is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Néstor Noyola
- Child Resiliency Program, Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Child Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Program, Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mikayla Ver Pault
- Psychology Department, University of Rhode Island, South Kingstown, RI, USA
| | - Dina R Hirshfeld-Becker
- Child Resiliency Program, Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Child Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Program, Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rana Chudnofsky
- Child Resiliency Program, Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jocelyn Meek
- Child Resiliency Program, Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Linda N Wells
- Child Resiliency Program, Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Timothy E Wilens
- Child Resiliency Program, Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Child Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Program, Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Aude Henin
- Child Resiliency Program, Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Child Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Program, Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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3
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Hruby H, Schmidt S, Feinstein JS, Wittmann M. Induction of altered states of consciousness during Floatation-REST is associated with the dissolution of body boundaries and the distortion of subjective time. Sci Rep 2024; 14:9316. [PMID: 38654027 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-59642-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Floatation-REST (Reduced Environmental Stimulation Therapy) minimizes stimulation of the nervous system by immersing subjects in an environment without sound or light while they effortlessly float in thermoneutral water supersaturated with Epsom salt. Here we investigated the relationship between altered states of consciousness (ASC) and its association with the affective changes induced by Floatation-REST. Using a within-subject crossover design, 50 healthy subjects were randomized to 60 min of Floatation-REST or 60 min of Bed-REST (an active control condition that entailed lying supine on a warm waterbed in a dark and quiet room). Following Floatation-REST, subjects felt significantly more relaxed, less anxious, and less tired than after Bed-REST. Floatation-REST also induced significantly more pronounced ASC characterized by the dissolution of body boundaries and the distortion of subjective time. The loss of body boundaries mediated the loss of anxiety, revealing a novel mechanism by which Floatation-REST exerts its anxiolytic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Hruby
- Institute for Frontier Areas of Psychology and Mental Health, Freiburg, Germany.
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Breisgau, Germany.
| | - Stefan Schmidt
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Breisgau, Germany
| | | | - Marc Wittmann
- Institute for Frontier Areas of Psychology and Mental Health, Freiburg, Germany.
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Boere K, Krigolson OE. The effects of multi-colour light filtering glasses on human brain wave activity. BMC Neurosci 2024; 25:21. [PMID: 38609841 PMCID: PMC11015570 DOI: 10.1186/s12868-024-00865-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of electronic screens in modern society has significantly increased our exposure to high-energy blue and violet light wavelengths. Accumulating evidence links this exposure to adverse visual and cognitive effects and sleep disturbances. To mitigate these effects, the optical industry has introduced a variety of filtering glasses. However, the scientific validation of these glasses has often been based on subjective reports and a narrow range of objective measures, casting doubt on their true efficacy. In this study, we used electroencephalography (EEG) to record brain wave activity to evaluate the effects of glasses that filter multiple wavelengths (blue, violet, indigo, and green) on human brain activity. Our results demonstrate that wearing these multi-colour light filtering glasses significantly reduces beta wave power (13-30 Hz) compared to control or no glasses. Prior research has associated a reduction in beta power with the calming of heightened mental states, such as anxiety. As such, our results suggest that wearing glasses such as the ones used in this study may also positively change mental states, for instance, by promoting relaxation. This investigation is innovative in applying neuroimaging techniques to confirm that light-filtering glasses can induce measurable changes in brain activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine Boere
- Theoretical and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, The University of Victoria, V8W 2Y2, Victoria, BC, PO Box (1700). STN CSC, Canada.
| | - Olave E Krigolson
- Theoretical and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, The University of Victoria, V8W 2Y2, Victoria, BC, PO Box (1700). STN CSC, Canada
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Mihashi S, Watanabe M. Effects of cytochalasin D on relaxation process of skinned taenia cecum and carotid artery from guinea pig. J Physiol Sci 2024; 74:24. [PMID: 38600445 PMCID: PMC11007923 DOI: 10.1186/s12576-024-00918-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Actin linked regulatory mechanisms are known to contribute contraction/relaxation in smooth muscle. In order to clarify whether modulation of polymerization/depolymerization of actin filaments affects relaxation process, we examined the effects of cytochalasin D on relaxation process by Ca2+ removal after Ca2+-induced contraction of β-escin skinned (cell membrane permeabilized) taenia cecum and carotid artery preparations from guinea pigs. Cytochalasin D, an inhibitor of actin polymerization, significantly suppressed the force during relaxation both in skinned taenia cecum and carotid artery. The data fitting analysis of the relaxation processes indicates that cytochalasin D accelerates slow (latch-like) bridge dissociation. Cytochalasin D seems to directly disrupts actin filament organization or its length, resulting in modulation of actin filament structure that prevents myosin binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoko Mihashi
- Department of Frontier Health Sciences, Graduate School of Human Health Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 7-2-10 Higashiogu, Arakawa-Ku, Tokyo, 116-8551, Japan
| | - Masaru Watanabe
- Department of Frontier Health Sciences, Graduate School of Human Health Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 7-2-10 Higashiogu, Arakawa-Ku, Tokyo, 116-8551, Japan.
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Falourd X, Rondeau-Mouro C, Cambert M, Lahaye M, Chabbert B, Aguié-Béghin V. Polysaccharide-water interactions: NMR and DVS data. Data Brief 2024; 53:110106. [PMID: 38389958 PMCID: PMC10881411 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2024.110106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The data provided here relate to the research paper "Assessing the complementarity of TD-NMR, solid-state NMR and Dynamic Vapor Sorption in the characterization of polysaccharide-water interactions". The original data from TD-NMR, ss-NMR and DVS is provided in .dps, topspin and .xls formats respectively, allowing other authors to repeat our processing protocols using different parameters. We also include results obtained by varying the signal treatments. The analysis of these multimodal data have highlighted a variation in polysaccharide-water interactions depending on the type of assembly. These datasets are very useful for discriminating between water bound to polysaccharides and water absorbed or adsorbed into polysaccharide network, a key element in understanding interactions in these assemblies and an essential approach for developing tailor-made polysaccharides-based products.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Falourd
- INRAE, UR1268 BIA, Nantes F-44316, France
- INRAE, BIBS Facility, PROBE Infrastructure, Nantes F-44316, France
| | - C Rondeau-Mouro
- INRAE, UR1466 OPAALE, 17 Avenue de Cucillé, CS 64427, Rennes F-35044, France
| | - M Cambert
- INRAE, UR1466 OPAALE, 17 Avenue de Cucillé, CS 64427, Rennes F-35044, France
| | - M Lahaye
- INRAE, UR1268 BIA, Nantes F-44316, France
| | - B Chabbert
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, INRAE, FARE, UMR A614, Reims, France
| | - V Aguié-Béghin
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, INRAE, FARE, UMR A614, Reims, France
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Kjærvik SL, Bushman BJ. A meta-analytic review of anger management activities that increase or decrease arousal: What fuels or douses rage? Clin Psychol Rev 2024; 109:102414. [PMID: 38518585 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpr.2024.102414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
Anger is an unpleasant emotion that most people want to get rid of. Some anger management activities focus on decreasing arousal (e.g., deep breathing, mindfulness, meditation), whereas others focus on increasing arousal (e.g., hitting a bag, jogging, cycling). This meta-analytic review, based on 154 studies including 184 independent samples involving 10,189 participants, tested the effectiveness of both types of activities. The results indicated that arousal-decreasing activities decreased anger and aggression (g = -0.63, [-0.82, -0.43]), and the results were robust. Effects were stable over time for participants of different genders, races, ages, and cultures. Arousal-decreasing activities were effective in students and non-students, in criminal offenders and non-offenders, and in individuals with and without intellectual disabilities. Arousal-decreasing activities were effective regardless of how they were delivered (e.g., digital platforms, researchers, therapists), in both group and individual sessions, and in both field and laboratory settings. In contrast, arousal-increasing activities were ineffective overall (g = -0.02, [-0.13, 0.09]) and were heterogenous and complex. These findings do not support the ideas that venting anger or going for a run are effective anger management activities. A more effective approach for managing anger is "turning down the heat" or calming down by engaging in activities that decrease arousal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie L Kjærvik
- The Ohio State University, USA; Virginia Commonwealth University, USA.
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Huang L, Zhang X, Mao Z, Liu S, Li Y, Ren S, Zhou H, Liu B, Gao Z. Ni-Pt nanozyme-mediated relaxation and colorimetric sensor for dual-modality detection of norovirus. Sci Total Environ 2024; 914:169738. [PMID: 38160831 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
An NiPt nanozyme-mediated relaxation and colorimetric sensor is developed for dual-modality detection of norovirus (NoV). The relaxation modality is based on the "catalase-like" activity of the NiPt nanozyme, which adjusts the hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) mediated Fe (II)/Fe(III) conversion, thereby changing the relaxation signal. Poly-γ-glutamic acid (MW ≈ 1w) can enhance the relaxivity of Fe(III) (r1 = 7.11 mM-1 s-1; r2 = 8.94 mM-1 s-1). The colorimetric modality exploits the "peroxidase-like" activity of the NiPt nanozyme, which can catalyze the oxidation of colorless 3, 3', 5, 5'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) to blue oxTMB in H2O2. Under optimal conditions, the relaxation modality exhibits a wide working range (1.0 × 101-1.0 × 104 fM) and a limit of detection (LOD) of 4.7 fM (equivalent to 2820 copies/μL). The spiked recoveries range from 99.593 to 106.442 %, and the relative standard deviation (RSD) is less than 5.124 %. The colorimetric modality exhibited the same working range with a lower LOD of 2.9 fM (equivalent to 1740 copies/μL) and an RSD of less than 2.611 %. Additionally, the recombinase polymerase amplification reaction enabled the detection of low NoV levels in food samples with a working range of 102-106 copies/mL and LOD of 102 copies/mL. The accuracy of the sensor in the analysis of spiked samples is consistent with the gold standard method (real-time quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction), demonstrating the high accuracy and practical utility of the sensor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Huang
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Xue Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Risk Assessment and Control Technology for Environment and Food Safety, Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin 300050, China
| | - Zefeng Mao
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China.; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Risk Assessment and Control Technology for Environment and Food Safety, Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin 300050, China
| | - Sha Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Risk Assessment and Control Technology for Environment and Food Safety, Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin 300050, China
| | - Yanchun Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Risk Assessment and Control Technology for Environment and Food Safety, Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin 300050, China
| | - Shuyue Ren
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Risk Assessment and Control Technology for Environment and Food Safety, Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin 300050, China
| | - Huanying Zhou
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Risk Assessment and Control Technology for Environment and Food Safety, Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin 300050, China
| | - Baolin Liu
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China..
| | - Zhixian Gao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Risk Assessment and Control Technology for Environment and Food Safety, Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin 300050, China..
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Mehta S, Chahal A, Malik S, Rai RH, Malhotra N, Vajrala KR, Sidiq M, Sharma A, Sharma N, Kashoo FZ. Evading Musculoskeletal Conditions Using Qigong as a Rescue Technique. J Lifestyle Med 2024; 14:6-12. [PMID: 38665317 PMCID: PMC11039444 DOI: 10.15280/jlm.2024.14.1.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Classically, Qigong is a Chinese technique that has been practiced in China for the past 3,000 years for healing the inner self. Qigong, wherein "Qi" means body energy and "Gong" denotes cultivation, regulates the energy flow in the body. The Qigong technique comprises a package of deep breathing training, gentle and rhythmic movement, and muscle-strengthening exercises that heal the body to activate one's internal soul energy. It has demonstrated its efficacy by inducing relaxation, building up stamina, strengthening immunity, appreciating muscle conditioning, and minimizing anxiety and depression. Furthermore, it has been beneficial in improving awareness of joint and movement senses. Specifically, Qigong brings healing by regulating energy flow in the whole-body systems. Moreover, it has exhibited a variety of regenerating effects by inducing emotional and mental relaxation. In today's world, Qigong exercises are being used for treating musculoskeletal disorders that are work- and stress-related by nature. Qigong is practiced globally as deep breathing exercises, and meditation is practiced for peace of mind and spirituality, whereas vigorous practice includes martial arts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swati Mehta
- Dukhbhanjni Charitable Polyclinic, Shri Guru Hargobind Sahib Sewa Society, Haryana, India
| | - Aksh Chahal
- Department of Physiotherapy, School of Allied Health Sciences, Galgotias University Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Shikha Malik
- Department of Physiotherapy, School of Allied Health Sciences, Galgotias University Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Richa Hirendra Rai
- School of Physiotherapy, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University (DPSRU) Pushp Vihar, New Delhi, India
| | - Nitesh Malhotra
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Manav Rachna International Institute of Research and Studies Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Krishna Reddy Vajrala
- Department of Physiotherapy, School of Allied Health Sciences, Galgotias University Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Mohammad Sidiq
- Department of Physiotherapy, School of Allied Health Sciences, Galgotias University Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Abhishek Sharma
- Department of Physiotherapy, Arogyam Institute of Paramedical and Allied Sciences (Affiliated to H.N.B. Uttarakhand Medical Education University), Uttarakhand, India
| | - Nidhi Sharma
- Department of Health Science, Uttaranchal College of Health Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Faizan Zaffar Kashoo
- Department of Physical Therapy and Health Rehabilitation, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Al Majmaah, Saudi Arabia
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Kren J, Skambath I, Kuppler P, Buschschlüter S, Detrez N, Burhan S, Huber R, Brinkmann R, Bonsanto MM. Mechanical characteristics of glioblastoma and peritumoral tumor-free human brain tissue. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 2024; 166:102. [PMID: 38396016 PMCID: PMC10891200 DOI: 10.1007/s00701-024-06009-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The diagnosis of brain tumor is a serious event for the affected patient. Surgical resection is a crucial part in the treatment of brain tumors. However, the distinction between tumor and brain tissue can be difficult, even for experienced neurosurgeons. This is especially true in the case of gliomas. In this project we examined whether the biomechanical parameters elasticity and stress relaxation behavior are suitable as additional differentiation criteria between tumorous (glioblastoma multiforme; glioblastoma, IDH-wildtype; GBM) and non-tumorous, peritumoral tissue. METHODS Indentation measurements were used to examine non-tumorous human brain tissue and GBM samples for the biomechanical properties of elasticity and stress-relaxation behavior. The results of these measurements were then used in a classification algorithm (Logistic Regression) to distinguish between tumor and non-tumor. RESULTS Differences could be found in elasticity spread and relaxation behavior between tumorous and non-tumorous tissue. Classification was successful with a sensitivity/recall of 83% (sd = 12%) and a precision of 85% (sd = 9%) for detecting tumorous tissue. CONCLUSION The findings imply that the data on mechanical characteristics, with particular attention to stress relaxation behavior, can serve as an extra element in differentiating tumorous brain tissue from non-tumorous brain tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Kren
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Luebeck, Germany.
| | - Isabelle Skambath
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Luebeck, Germany
| | - Patrick Kuppler
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Luebeck, Germany
| | | | - Nicolas Detrez
- Medizinisches Laserzentrum Lübeck GmbH, Luebeck, Germany
| | - Sazgar Burhan
- Institute of Biomedical Optics, University of Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany
| | - Robert Huber
- Institute of Biomedical Optics, University of Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany
| | - Ralf Brinkmann
- Medizinisches Laserzentrum Lübeck GmbH, Luebeck, Germany
| | - Matteo Mario Bonsanto
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Luebeck, Germany
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di Fronso S, Robazza C, Pompa D, Bertollo M. Dreaming while awake: The beneficial effects of yoga Nidra on mental and physical recovery in two elite karate athletes. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24180. [PMID: 38268574 PMCID: PMC10806354 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Yoga Nidra (YN) naturally stimulates a hypnagogic state wherein an individual is physiologically asleep yet maintains a certain awareness to follow a guide's instructions. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of this aware sleep state on recovery-stress balance in two elite karate athletes adopting an idiosyncratic and multimodal approach. One male and one female athlete underwent a YN intervention. Before intervention, after intervention and three weeks later, recovery-stress balance specific scales, perceived stress, cognitive and somatic anxiety, subjective and objective sleep quality, and individual alpha peak frequency (iAPF) values were assessed. Perceived quality of recovery was continuously monitored for three months including the period of the investigation. Feelings and arousal levels before and after each YN session were also examined. Our results showed a YN general positive effect; however, the intervention had higher sport specific effects in the male compared to the female athlete. On the other hand, in the female athlete, YN seems to have effects both from an emotional and physical point of view. We also noted the intertwined relationship among interoception, perceived stress and YN effects. Also, findings suggest that iAPF modulation reflected improved recovery skills or a better control of stressful situations, while the acute effects on arousal levels were expression of anxiety or energy reduction. Overall, YN improved both the perceived quality of recovery and sleep quality, shedding light on the importance of YN for recovery-stress balance enhancement in the sport context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selenia di Fronso
- Behavioral Imaging and Neural Dynamics (BIND) Center, University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Claudio Robazza
- Behavioral Imaging and Neural Dynamics (BIND) Center, University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Dario Pompa
- Behavioral Imaging and Neural Dynamics (BIND) Center, University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Maurizio Bertollo
- Behavioral Imaging and Neural Dynamics (BIND) Center, University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
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Savchenko EV, Kostjukov VV. 4a,4b-Dihydrophenanthrene → cis-stilbene photoconversion: TD-DFT/DFT study. J Mol Model 2024; 30:24. [PMID: 38183494 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-023-05824-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
CONTEXT DHP → CS photoconversion was analyzed in terms of electron density redistribution for the first time. The following explanation for the non-recovery of the C4a-C4b bond upon CS relaxation is proposed: during this process, the Coulomb repulsion energy between these pairs of atoms increases by almost one and a half times, and their bonding by an electron at LUMO is insufficient to recover the C4a-C4b bond. According to calculations, upon CS relaxation, the linker connecting the benzene rings undergoes significant structural changes. In this case, the distance between the C4a and C4b atoms increases from 3.00 Å to 3.28 Å. Calculations showed that the C4a-C4b vibration of the DHP bond has a very low intensity. Therefore, thermal motion does not contribute to the rupture of this bond. METHODS All calculations were performed using the Gaussian16 software package at the B3LYP/6-311 + + G(d,p)/IEFPCM theory level. B3LYP was the only hybrid functional supported by Gaussian16, which ensured the cleavage of the C4a-C4b bond of DHP while optimizing its S1 excited state. A quantitative description of the redistribution of electron density in the studied conformers was carried out using the analysis of the NPA of atomic charges. Cyclohexane was used as an implicitly specified non-polar solvent. Visualization of molecular orbitals, and electron densities, as well as plotting of calculated IR spectra, were performed using the Gaussview6 software package.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizaveta V Savchenko
- Sevastopol State University, Universitetskaya Str., 33, Sevastopol, 299053, Crimea, Ukraine
| | - Victor V Kostjukov
- Sevastopol State University, Universitetskaya Str., 33, Sevastopol, 299053, Crimea, Ukraine.
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13
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Penzien DB, Irby MB. Biobehavioral treatments of migraine. Handb Clin Neurol 2024; 199:155-169. [PMID: 38307643 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-823357-3.00031-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
Pharmacotherapies are the mainstays of migraine management, though it is not uncommon for them to be poorly tolerated, contraindicated, or only modestly effective. There is a clear need for nonpharmacologic migraine therapies, either employed alone or in combination with pharmacotherapies. Behavioral and psychosocial factors known to contribute to the onset, exacerbation, and persistence of primary headache disorders (e.g., stress, sleep, diet) serve as targets within a self-management model for migraine-a model that features headache pharmacotherapies, behavioral skills training, medication adherence facilitation, relevant lifestyle changes, and techniques to limit headache-related impairment. Behavioral self-management interventions for migraine with the strongest empirical validation (e.g., relaxation training, biofeedback training, cognitive-behavior therapies) presently are available in specialty headache treatment centers and routinely show promise for reducing headache pain frequency/severity and related impairment, reducing reliance on pharmacotherapies, enhancing personal control over headache activity, and reducing headache-related distress and symptoms. These approaches may be particularly well-suited among patients for whom pharmacotherapies are unwanted, poorly tolerated, or contraindicated. Though underutilized, clinical trials indicate that new and well-established behavioral therapies are similarly effective to migraine medications for migraine prevention among adults and can be successfully employed in various settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donald B Penzien
- Departments of Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine, Neurology, & Epidemiology and Prevention, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC, United States.
| | - Megan B Irby
- Department of Health and Exercise Science, Wake Forest University, Winston Salem, NC, United States
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Rogerson O, Wilding S, Prudenzi A, O'Connor DB. Effectiveness of stress management interventions to change cortisol levels: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2024; 159:106415. [PMID: 37879237 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2023.106415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
Stress has a damaging impact on our mental and physical health, and as a result, there is an on-going demand for effective stress management interventions. However, there are no reviews or meta-analyses synthesising the evidence base of randomised controlled trials testing the effectiveness of psychological interventions on changing cortisol levels (the stress hormone) in non-patient groups. Therefore, the primary aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to address this gap. Six databases (Medline, PsychInfo, Embase, CINAHL, Cochrane and Web of Science) were searched (1171 studies identified) with 58 studies (combined N = 3508) included in the meta-analysis. The interventions were coded into one of four categories; mind body therapies, mindfulness, relaxation or talking therapies. A random effects meta-analysis on cortisol as measured in blood, saliva or hair found that stress management interventions outperformed pooled control conditions with a medium positive effect size (g = 0.282). The studies that utilised cortisol awakening measures (g = 0.644) revealed larger effects of stress management interventions than those that measured diurnal cortisol (g = 0.255). Mindfulness and meditation (g = 0. 345) and relaxation (g = 0. 347) interventions were most effective at changing cortisol levels, while mind body therapies (g = 0. 129) and talking therapies (g = 0.107) were shown to have smaller and non-significant effect sizes. Additionally, studies that utilised an active control group (g = 0. 477) over passive control group (g = 0.129) were found to have stronger effects. Length of the intervention, study quality, risk of bias, age and gender did not influence the effectiveness of interventions and there was no evidence of publication bias. Overall, the current findings confirm that stress management interventions can positively influence cortisol levels. Future research should investigate the longer term implications for health and health outcomes.
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Aboonabi A, McCauley MD. Myofilament dysfunction in diastolic heart failure. Heart Fail Rev 2024; 29:79-93. [PMID: 37837495 PMCID: PMC10904515 DOI: 10.1007/s10741-023-10352-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023]
Abstract
Diastolic heart failure (DHF), in which impaired ventricular filling leads to typical heart failure symptoms, represents over 50% of all heart failure cases and is linked with risk factors, including metabolic syndrome, hypertension, diabetes, and aging. A substantial proportion of patients with this disorder maintain normal left ventricular systolic function, as assessed by ejection fraction. Despite the high prevalence of DHF, no effective therapeutic agents are available to treat this condition, partially because the molecular mechanisms of diastolic dysfunction remain poorly understood. As such, by focusing on the underlying molecular and cellular processes contributing to DHF can yield new insights that can represent an exciting new avenue and propose a novel therapeutic approach for DHF treatment. This review discusses new developments from basic and clinical/translational research to highlight current knowledge gaps, help define molecular determinants of diastolic dysfunction, and clarify new targets for treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anahita Aboonabi
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, 840 S. Wood St., 920S (MC 715), Chicago, IL, 60612, USA.
- Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - Mark D McCauley
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, 840 S. Wood St., 920S (MC 715), Chicago, IL, 60612, USA.
- Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA.
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics and the Center for Cardiovascular Research, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
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Oh SB, Cho S, Kim HJ, Kim SJ. Differential expression of the enzymes regulating myosin light chain phosphorylation are responsible for the slower relaxation of pulmonary artery than mesenteric artery in rats. Korean J Physiol Pharmacol 2024; 28:49-57. [PMID: 38154964 PMCID: PMC10762492 DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.2024.28.1.49] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
While arterial tone is generally determined by the phosphorylation of Ser19 in myosin light chain (p-MLC2), Thr18/Ser19 diphosphorylation of MLC2 (pp-MLC2) has been suggested to hinder the relaxation of smooth muscle. In a dual-wire myography of rodent pulmonary artery (PA) and mesenteric artery (MA), we noticed significantly slower relaxation in PA than in MA after 80 mM KCl-induced condition (80K-contraction). Thus, we investigated the MLC2 phosphorylation and the expression levels of its regulatory enzymes; soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC), Rho-A dependent kinase (ROCK) and myosin light chain phosphatase target regulatory subunit (MYPT1). Immunoblotting showed higher sGC-α and ROCK2 in PA than MA, while sGC-β and MYPT1 levels were higher in MA than in PA. Interestingly, the level of pp-MLC2 was higher in PA than in MA without stimulation. In the 80K-contraction state, the levels of p-MLC2 and pp-MLC2 were commonly increased. Treatment with the ROCK inhibitor (Y27632, 10 μM) reversed the higher pp-MLC2 in PA. In the myography study, pharmacological inhibition of sGC (ODQ, 10 μM) slowed relaxation during washout, which was more pronounced in PA than in MA. The simultaneous treatment of Y27632 and ODQ reversed the impaired relaxation in PA and MA. Although treatment of PA with Y27632 alone could increase the rate of relaxation, it was still slower than that of MA without Y27632 treatment. Taken together, we suggest that the higher ROCK and lower MYPT in PA would have induced the higher level of MLC2 phosphorylation, which is responsible for the characteristic slow relaxation in PA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Beom Oh
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea
| | - Suhan Cho
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Hyun Jong Kim
- Department of Physiology, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Gyeongju 38066, Korea
- Channelopathy Research Center (CRC), Dongguk University College of Medicine, Goyang 10326, Korea
| | - Sung Joon Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea
- Ischemic/Hypoxic Disease Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea
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Mourão MRN, Macedo CAF, Ribeiro TF, Brito MC, Menezes PMN, de Medeiros FS, Ribeiro FPRDA, de Lima JT, Moura MPDS, Souza FS. Carvacrol-Loaded Nanoemulsion Promotes Tocolytic and Anti-Dysmenorrhea Effects in Rodents. Pharmacology 2023; 109:115-120. [PMID: 38113867 DOI: 10.1159/000535350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Carvacrol is a phenolic constituent of essential oils that has antinociceptive, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant activities. METHOD This study aimed to evaluate the in vitro spasmolytic and in vivo anti-dysmenorrhea potential of a nanoemulsion-containing carvacrol (nanoCARV). RESULTS In isolated rat uterus, nanoCARV reduced spontaneous contractions (pEC50 = 3.91 ± 0.25) and relaxed preparations pre-contracted with oxytocin (pEC50 = 3.78 ± 0.2), carbachol (pEC50 = 4.15 ± 0.4), prostaglandin F2α (pEC50 = 3.00 ± 0.36), and KCl (pEC50 = 3.98 ± 0.32). The investigation of the mechanism of action revealed significant differences (p < 0.05) between the pEC50 values of nanoCARV in the absence or presence of aminophylline or tetraethylammonium. In a primary dysmenorrhea model, treatment with nanoCARV reduced the number of oxytocin-induced abdominal writhes. CONCLUSIONS These data indicate that the anti-dysmenorrhea effect of nanoCARV may be related to the relaxation of uterine smooth muscle, with participation of the cAMP signaling pathway and potassium channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirla Rossana Nogueira Mourão
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biociências, Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco (UNIVASF), Petrolina,, Brazil
| | - Cícero André Ferreira Macedo
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana (UEFS), Feira de Santana, Brazil
| | - Tiago Feitosa Ribeiro
- Rede Nordeste de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco (UFRPE), Recife, Brazil
| | - Mariana Coelho Brito
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana (UEFS), Feira de Santana, Brazil
| | - Pedro Modesto Nascimento Menezes
- Laboratório de Farmacologia Experimental, Colegiado de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco (UNIVASF), Petrolina, Brazil
| | - Felipe Santana de Medeiros
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biociências, Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco (UNIVASF), Petrolina,, Brazil
| | | | - Julianeli Tolentino de Lima
- Laboratório de Farmacologia Experimental, Colegiado de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco (UNIVASF), Petrolina, Brazil
| | | | - Fabrício Souza Souza
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biociências, Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco (UNIVASF), Petrolina,, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana (UEFS), Feira de Santana, Brazil
- Laboratório de Farmacologia Experimental, Colegiado de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco (UNIVASF), Petrolina, Brazil
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Martins IRR, de Melo Medeiros M, Vasconcelos LHC, Silva MDCC, Queiroga FR, Cavalcante-Silva LHA, da Costa Nunes IK, Lima LM, da Silva PM, Silva BAD. New phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitors present airways relaxant activity in a guinea pig acute asthma model. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2023:10.1007/s00210-023-02905-8. [PMID: 38108836 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02905-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Asthma is a disease characterized by chronic inflammation and hyper responsiveness of airways. We aimed to assess the relaxant potential of phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE4) inhibitors N-sulfonilhidrazonic derivatives on non-asthmatic and asthmatic guinea pig trachea. Firstly, guinea pigs were sensitized and challenged with ovalbumin, and then morphological, and contractile changes were evaluated resulting from asthma, followed by evaluation of relaxant effect of derivatives on guinea pig trachea and the cAMP levels measurement by ELISA. It has been evidenced hypertrophy of airway smooth muscle, inflammatory infiltrate, and vascular abnormalities. Moreover, only sensitized tracheal rings were responsive to OVA. Contractile response to histamine, but not to carbachol, was greater in sensitized animals, however the relaxant response to aminophylline and isoprenaline were the same in non-asthmatics and asthmatics. N-sulfonilhidrazonic derivatives presented equipotent relaxant action independent of epithelium, with exception of LASSBio-1850 that presented a low efficacy (< 50%) and LASSBio-1847 with a 4-fold higher potency on asthmatics. LASSBio-1847 relaxant curve was impaired in the presence of propranolol and potentiated by isoprenaline in both groups. Furthermore, relaxation was potentiated 54- and 4-fold by forskolin in non-asthmatics and asthmatics, respectively. Likewise, LASSBio-1847 potentiated relaxant curve of aminophylline 147- and 4-fold in both groups. The PKA inhibitor H-89 impaired the relaxant potency of the derivative. Finally, LASSBio-1847 increased tracheal intracellular cAMP levels similarly to rolipram, selective PDE4 inhibitor, in both animals. LASSBio-1847 showed to be promising to relax guinea pig trachea from non-sensitized and sensitized guinea pigs by activation of β2-adrenergic receptors/AC/cAMP pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Italo Rossi Roseno Martins
- Laboratório de Farmacologia Funcional Professor George Thomas, Instituto de Pesquisa em Fármacos e Medicamentos, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil.
- Departamento de Medicina, Campus Senador Helvídio Nunes de Barros, Universidade Federal do Piauí, Picos, PI, 64607-670, Brazil.
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Produtos Naturais e Sintéticos Bioativos, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil.
| | - Millena de Melo Medeiros
- Laboratório de Farmacologia Funcional Professor George Thomas, Instituto de Pesquisa em Fármacos e Medicamentos, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - Luiz Henrique César Vasconcelos
- Laboratório de Farmacologia Funcional Professor George Thomas, Instituto de Pesquisa em Fármacos e Medicamentos, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Produtos Naturais e Sintéticos Bioativos, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Patologia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - Maria da Conceição Correia Silva
- Laboratório de Farmacologia Funcional Professor George Thomas, Instituto de Pesquisa em Fármacos e Medicamentos, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil
- PostDoc Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico/Fundação de Amparo a Ciência e Tecnologia de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Fernando Ramos Queiroga
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Produtos Naturais e Sintéticos Bioativos, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil
- Laboratório de Imunologia e Patologia de Invertebrados, Departamento de Biologia Molecular, Centro de Ciências Exatas e da Natureza, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil
| | | | - Isabelle Karine da Costa Nunes
- Laboratório de Avaliação e Síntese de Substâncias Bioativas (LASSBio ®), Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Fármacos e Medicamentos (INCT-INOFAR), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Farmacologia e Química Medicinal, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Lidia Moreira Lima
- Laboratório de Avaliação e Síntese de Substâncias Bioativas (LASSBio ®), Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Fármacos e Medicamentos (INCT-INOFAR), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Farmacologia e Química Medicinal, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Patricia Mirella da Silva
- Laboratório de Imunologia e Patologia de Invertebrados, Departamento de Biologia Molecular, Centro de Ciências Exatas e da Natureza, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - Bagnólia Araújo da Silva
- Laboratório de Farmacologia Funcional Professor George Thomas, Instituto de Pesquisa em Fármacos e Medicamentos, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Produtos Naturais e Sintéticos Bioativos, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil
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Porpora G, Rusciano F, Guida V, Greco F, Pastore R. Corrigendum: Understanding charged vesicle suspensions as Wigner glasses: dynamical aspects (2021 J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 33 104001). J Phys Condens Matter 2023. [PMID: 38056007 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ad1300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
is not required for this manuscript type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Porpora
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Chimica, dei Materiali e della Produzione Industriale, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Piazzale Tecchio, Napoli, Campania, 80125, ITALY
| | - Francesco Rusciano
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Chimica, dei Materiali e della Produzione Industriale, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Piazzale Tecchio, Napoli, Campania, 80125, ITALY
| | - Vincenzo Guida
- Brussels Innovation Center, Procter and Gamble Co, Strombeek Bever Temselaan 100, Brussels, 1853, BELGIUM
| | - Francesco Greco
- Universita degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Piazale Tecchio, Napoli, 80138, ITALY
| | - Raffaele Pastore
- Department of Chemical, Materials and Production Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, P. le Tecchio 80, 80125 Napoli, Italy, Napoli, 80125, ITALY
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Gomes LTDC, de Sena MO, Dantas PB, Barbosa AIDS, Holanda VAD, Oliveira JIN, Gavioli EC, da Silva Junior ED. Smooth muscle contraction of the fundus of stomach, duodenum and bladder from mice exposed to a stress-based model of depression. Physiol Behav 2023; 272:114374. [PMID: 37806511 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2023.114374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Several reports have demonstrated that depressive disorder is related to somatic symptoms including gastrointestinal or genitourinary alterations. The pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the gastrointestinal or genitourinary alterations associated with the depression are still not fully understood. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the motor activity of gastrointestinal (fundus of stomach and duodenum) and genitourinary tract (bladder) in a stress-based animal model of depression. Adult male mice were submitted to uncontrollable and unpredictable stress (learned helplessness model), controllable stress and non-stressful situations (control). Then, animals were euthanized and the fundus of stomach, duodenum segments or whole bladder were isolated and mounted in a standard organ bath preparation. We evaluated the contractile effects induced by KCl 80 mM for 5 min or carbachol (acetylcholine receptor agonist). The relaxant effects of isoproterenol (β-adrenoceptor agonist) were also checked. Animals submitted to the learned helplessness model developed a helpless (depressive-like behavior) or resilient (does not exhibit depressive-like behavior) phenotype. The contractions induced by carbachol were diminished in fundus of stomach isolated from helpless and resilient animals. The isoproterenol-induced fundus of stomach relaxation was reduced in resilient but not helpless mice. The contractions/relaxation of duodenum segments isolated from helpless or resilient animals were not altered. Both helpless and resilient animals showed an increase in the bladder contractions induced by carbachol while the relaxant effects of isoproterenol were reduced when compared to control. Conversely, mice underwent a controllable stress situation did not exhibit alterations in the fundus of stomach or duodenum contraction/relaxation induced by pharmacological agents although a decrease in the bladder contraction induced by carbachol was found. In conclusion, incontrollable and unpredictable stress and not depressive phenotype (helpless animals) or controllable stress could be related to the alterations in motor activity of the fundus of stomach and bladder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luana Talinne da Costa Gomes
- Department of Biophysics and Pharmacology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Av. Senador Salgado Filho, s/n Campus Universitário - Lagoa Nova, Natal, RN 59072-970, Brazil
| | - Maele Oliveira de Sena
- Department of Biophysics and Pharmacology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Av. Senador Salgado Filho, s/n Campus Universitário - Lagoa Nova, Natal, RN 59072-970, Brazil
| | - Pedro Brüch Dantas
- Department of Biophysics and Pharmacology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Av. Senador Salgado Filho, s/n Campus Universitário - Lagoa Nova, Natal, RN 59072-970, Brazil
| | - Aldemara Ingrid da Silva Barbosa
- Department of Biophysics and Pharmacology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Av. Senador Salgado Filho, s/n Campus Universitário - Lagoa Nova, Natal, RN 59072-970, Brazil
| | - Victor Anastácio Duarte Holanda
- Department of Biophysics and Pharmacology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Av. Senador Salgado Filho, s/n Campus Universitário - Lagoa Nova, Natal, RN 59072-970, Brazil
| | - Jonas Ivan Nobre Oliveira
- Department of Biophysics and Pharmacology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Av. Senador Salgado Filho, s/n Campus Universitário - Lagoa Nova, Natal, RN 59072-970, Brazil
| | - Elaine Cristina Gavioli
- Department of Biophysics and Pharmacology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Av. Senador Salgado Filho, s/n Campus Universitário - Lagoa Nova, Natal, RN 59072-970, Brazil
| | - Edilson Dantas da Silva Junior
- Department of Biophysics and Pharmacology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Av. Senador Salgado Filho, s/n Campus Universitário - Lagoa Nova, Natal, RN 59072-970, Brazil.
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Groël S, Menzen T, Winter G. Possibilities and limitations of α- relaxation data of amorphous freeze-dried cakes to predict long term IgG 1 antibody stability. Int J Pharm 2023; 646:123445. [PMID: 37748632 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.123445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
The value of correlating global α-relaxations with long term protein stability after freeze-drying is inconsistently reported. This study aims to clarify whether and to what extend the long term stability of a freeze-dried protein formulation can be predicted with this method. For this purpose, the α-relaxation parameter τβ [h] of freshly prepared freeze-dried products is obtained by isothermal microcalorimetry. The concept is, that molecular movements in the amorphous matrix are strongly reduced in cakes with longer relaxation time and the product should therefore be more resistant against aggregation. To increase τβ in comparison to a conventional freeze-drying cycle, aggressive drying cycles including structural collapse of the product as well as tempering protocols after freeze-drying are applied. The τβ values are correlated with the aggregation rate of a freeze-dried IgG1 monoclonal antibody measured with high performance size exclusion chromatography. The antibody was used in its market formulation and 6 further compositions. A weak correlation between α-relaxation times and IgG1 aggregation was found. A higher mobility level through increased residual moisture helped to improve the correlation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Groël
- Department of Pharmacy, Center for Drug Research, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany.
| | | | - Gerhard Winter
- Department of Pharmacy, Center for Drug Research, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
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Ontaneda D, Gulani V, Deshmane A, Shah A, Guruprakash DK, Jiang Y, Ma D, Fisher E, Rudick RA, Raza P, Kilbane M, Cohen JA, Sakaie K, Lowe MJ, Griswold MA, Nakamura K. Magnetic resonance fingerprinting in multiple sclerosis. Mult Scler Relat Disord 2023; 79:105024. [PMID: 37783196 DOI: 10.1016/j.msard.2023.105024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In this cross sectional study, we used MRF to investigate tissue properties of normal-appearing white matter, gray matter, and lesions in relapsing remitting MS (n = 21), secondary progressive MS (n = 16) and healthy controls (n = 9). A FISP-based MRF sequence was used for acquisition, imaging time 5 min 15 s. MRF T1 and T2 relaxation times were measured from lesional tissue, normal-appearing frontal white matter, corpus callous, thalamus, and caudate. Differences between healthy controls and MS were examined using ANCOVA adjusted for age and sex. Spearman rank correlations were assessed between T1 and T2 relaxation times and clinical measures. OBJECTIVES To examine brain T1 and T2 values using magnetic resonance fingerprinting (MRF) in healthy controls and MS. METHODS The subjects included 21 relapsing-remitting (RR) MS, 16 secondary progressive (SP) MS, and 9 age- and sex-matched HC without manifest neurological disease participating in a longitudinal MRI study. A 3T/ FISP-based MRF sequence was acquired. Regions of interest were drawn for lesions and normal appearing white matter. ANCOVA adjusted for age and sex were used to compare the groups with significance set at 0.05. RESULTS A step-wise increase in T1 and T2 relaxation times was found between healthy controls, relapsing remitting MS, and secondary progressive MS. Significant differences were found in T1 and T2 between MS and healthy controls in the frontal normal-appearing white matter, corpus callosum, and thalamus (p < 0.04 for all). Significant differences in T1 and T2 between RR and SPMS were found in the frontal normal-appearing white matter and T2 lesions (p < 0.02 for all). T1 relaxation from the frontal normal-appearing white matter correlated with the Expanded Disability Status Scale [ρ = 0.62, p < 0.001], timed 25 foot walk (ρ = 0.45, p = 0.01), 9 hole peg test (ρ = 0.62, p < 0.001), and paced auditory serial addition test (ρ = -0.4, p = 0.01). CONCLUSION These results suggest that MRF may be a clinically feasible quantitative approach for characterizing tissue damage in MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Ontaneda
- Mellen Center for Multiple Sclerosis, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, United States.
| | - Vikas Gulani
- Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, Michigan, United States
| | - Anagha Deshmane
- Magnetic Resonance Center, Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Amisha Shah
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, United States
| | - Deepti K Guruprakash
- Biomedical Engineering, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, United States
| | - Yun Jiang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, United States; Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, United States
| | - Dan Ma
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, United States
| | - Elizabeth Fisher
- Biomedical Engineering, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, United States
| | - Richard A Rudick
- Mellen Center for Multiple Sclerosis, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, United States
| | - Praneeta Raza
- Mellen Center for Multiple Sclerosis, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, United States
| | - Meghan Kilbane
- Mellen Center for Multiple Sclerosis, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, United States
| | - Jeffrey A Cohen
- Mellen Center for Multiple Sclerosis, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, United States
| | - Ken Sakaie
- Imaging Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, United States
| | - Mark J Lowe
- Imaging Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, United States
| | - Mark A Griswold
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, United States
| | - Kunio Nakamura
- Biomedical Engineering, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, United States
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Cao X, Hu S, Zheng H, Mukhtar A, Wu K, Gu L. Preparation, characterization, and magnetic resonance imaging of Fe nanowires. Discov Nano 2023; 18:136. [PMID: 37903989 PMCID: PMC10615998 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-023-03916-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023]
Abstract
A facile template method was employed to synthesize Fe nanowires of different sizes, dimensions. Comprehensive analyses were conducted to explore their morphology, structure, composition, and magnetic properties. The surface of as-prepared Fe nanowires was modified with SiO2 by sol-gel method to improve the dispersion of as-prepared Fe nanowires in aqueous solution. Furthermore, the relaxation properties, biocompatibility and in vivo imaging abilities of the Fe@SiO2 nanowires were evaluated. The study revealed that the SiO2-coated Fe nanowires functioned effectively as transverse relaxation time (T2) contrast agents (CAs). Notably, as the length of the Fe@SiO2 nanowires increased, their diameter decreased, leading to a higher the transverse relaxivity (r2) value. Our study identified that among the Fe nanowires synthesized, the Fe3@SiO2 nanowires, characterized by a diameter of around 30 nm and a length of approximately 500 nm, exhibited the highest r2 value of 59.3 mM-1 s-1. These nanowires demonstrated good biocompatibility and non-toxicity. Notably, upon conducting small animal imaging a 1.5 T with Sprague-Dawley rats, we observed a discernible negative enhancement effect in the liver. These findings indicate the promising potential of Fe@SiO2 nanowires as T2 CAs, with the possibility of tuning their size for optimized results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoming Cao
- School of Nuclear Technology and Chemistry and Biology, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, People's Republic of China
- The State Key Laboratory of Refractories and Metallurgy, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Systems Science in Metallurgical Process, International Research Institute for Steel Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Steels, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Shike Hu
- School of Nuclear Technology and Chemistry and Biology, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua Zheng
- School of Nuclear Technology and Chemistry and Biology, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, People's Republic of China
| | - Aiman Mukhtar
- The State Key Laboratory of Refractories and Metallurgy, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Systems Science in Metallurgical Process, International Research Institute for Steel Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Steels, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - KaiMing Wu
- The State Key Laboratory of Refractories and Metallurgy, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Systems Science in Metallurgical Process, International Research Institute for Steel Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Steels, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Liyuan Gu
- School of Nuclear Technology and Chemistry and Biology, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, People's Republic of China.
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Amatrudo G, Kengetter J, McCrea S, Amatrudo M. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for the Management of Episodic Migraine. Curr Pain Headache Rep 2023; 27:471-477. [PMID: 37395898 DOI: 10.1007/s11916-023-01129-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This article provides an overview of the application of CBT in the management of episodic migraine while also providing context and insight into the underlying neurophysiological mechanisms of therapeutic change. It discusses the theoretical foundations of CBT and highlights key components including education, cognitive restructuring, behavioral interventions, relaxation techniques, and lifestyle changes. RECENT FINDINGS Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is an empirically based treatment that is well suited for the management of episodic migraine. Although first-line treatments of migraine are typically pharmacological, a review of empirical literature suggests growing evidence for the use of CBT as a standard non-pharmacological treatment of headache conditions. In summary, this article explores evidence supporting the efficacy of CBT in reducing the frequency, intensity, and duration of migraine attacks as well as improving the quality of life and psychological well-being of those with episodic migraine.
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Laux D, Chabanol G, Sapey G, Ferrandis JY, Rosenkrantz E. Shear and longitudinal attenuations and quality factors of poly(methyl metacrylate) (PMMA) from 20 kHz to 12 MHz investigation with ultrasonic spectroscopy. Ultrasonics 2023; 134:107104. [PMID: 37429099 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultras.2023.107104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
PMMA is often considered as a calibration material for experimental benches dedicated to viscoelasticity investigation. Nevertheless, regarding literature, data concerning attenuation coefficients and quality factors are essentially available in the MHz frequency range and results in the low-frequency range are scarce and scattered. In this communication, thanks to the use of high-frequency ultrasonic spectroscopy between 2 and 8 MHz in the range 6 °C - 45 °C, Time-Temperature Superposition principle and Resonant Ultrasonic Spectroscopy (RUS), we show that both longitudinal and shear quality factors of PMMA decrease considerably for low frequencies (<MHz), and that the classically accepted linear laws describing attenuation as a function of frequency are valid only beyond several MHz. This variation is attributed to secondary relaxation processes such as γ relaxation considering the activation energy deduced from experimental data. Power laws are proposed to describe the evolution of quality factors and attenuation coefficients versus frequency in the 20 kHz - 12 MHz range.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Laux
- Montpellier University, IES, UMR 5214, 860 rue Saint Priest, 34090, France; CNRS, IES, UMR 5214, Montpellier University, 860 rue Saint Priest, 34090, France.
| | - G Chabanol
- Montpellier University, IES, UMR 5214, 860 rue Saint Priest, 34090, France; CNRS, IES, UMR 5214, Montpellier University, 860 rue Saint Priest, 34090, France
| | - G Sapey
- Montpellier University, IES, UMR 5214, 860 rue Saint Priest, 34090, France; CNRS, IES, UMR 5214, Montpellier University, 860 rue Saint Priest, 34090, France
| | - J-Y Ferrandis
- Montpellier University, IES, UMR 5214, 860 rue Saint Priest, 34090, France; CNRS, IES, UMR 5214, Montpellier University, 860 rue Saint Priest, 34090, France
| | - E Rosenkrantz
- Montpellier University, IES, UMR 5214, 860 rue Saint Priest, 34090, France; CNRS, IES, UMR 5214, Montpellier University, 860 rue Saint Priest, 34090, France
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Nien JT, Gill DL, Chou TY, Liu CS, Geng X, Hung TM, Chang YK. Effect of brief mindfulness and relaxation inductions on anxiety, affect and brain activation in athletes. Psychol Sport Exerc 2023; 67:102422. [PMID: 37665875 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychsport.2023.102422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
The mindfulness-based intervention and psychological skills training are often used for maintaining the mental health or reducing undesirable mental states in athletes. However, their differences in acute effects on mental health and underlying neural mechanism are not well understood. Therefore, the purpose of the current study was to examine the differential effects of brief mindfulness induction (MI) and relaxation induction (RI) on state anxiety, affect and brain activation. Thirty-five track and field athletes were recruited for this study. Using a within-subjects crossover design, participants underwent three conditions that incorporated two 30-min experimental conditions (i.e., MI or RI) and a control condition. State anxiety and affect were assessed before and after intervention, and brain activation (i.e., theta, alpha bands) were recorded by electroencephalography (EEG) during each 30-min condition. Repeated measures analysis of variance revealed that MI and RI similarly reduced state anxiety and negative affect from pre-test to post-test compared to the control condition. In terms of positive affect, there were no significant differences among the three conditions across times. Furthermore, participants exhibited higher frontal theta power during the MI and RI than control condition, whereas no differences in alpha power were observed among conditions. The current study provides initial evidence from an electrophysiological perspective that brief MI and RI both improve the negative psychological states in individual sport athletes through similar neural mechanisms. Nevertheless, the moderating effects of training experiences and long-term interventions on mental state and EEG activity in athletes need further investigation in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jui-Ti Nien
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Diane L Gill
- Department of Kinesiology, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, NC, USA
| | - Ting-Yin Chou
- Department of Sports Training Science-Athletics, National Taiwan Sport University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Shuo Liu
- Department of Sports Training Science-Combats, National Taiwan Sport University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Xiaoling Geng
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Min Hung
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute for Research Excellence in Learning Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Kai Chang
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute for Research Excellence in Learning Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Vidal R, Vidal L, Lugo J, Ristol F, Domènec E, Casas T, Veiga A, Vico C, Ramos-Quiroga JA, Gómez-Barros N. Dog-Assisted Therapy vs Relaxation for Children and Adolescents with Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder: A Randomized Controlled Study. J Autism Dev Disord 2023:10.1007/s10803-023-06023-5. [PMID: 37340213 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-023-06023-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Abstract
The rationale of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of Dog-assisted Therapy (DAT) in children and adolescents with Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD). We conducted a randomized controlled trial in a cohort of 71 children and adolescents with FASD. Participants were randomly assigned either to DAT group (n = 38) or Relaxation Group (control group) (n = 33). Results revealed that participants who were assigned to the DAT group experienced significantly reduced externalizing symptoms (CBCL Externalizing Inattention: t (69) = 2.81, p = .007; d = 0.7); CBCL Opposition: t (69) = 2.54, p = .013; d = 0.6), reduced internalizing symptoms (CBCL Social problems: t (69) = 3.21, p = .002; d = 0.8) as well as improvements on social skills (SSIS-P Problem behavior: t (68) = 2.55, p = .013; d = 0.6), and quality of life (KidScreen Autonomy and Parents: t (51) = - 2.03, p = .047; d = 0.5) compared to the relaxation control group. The relaxation control group obtained significant differences between the pre- and post-treatment evaluation, diminishing withdraw symptoms (t (32) = 3.03, p = .005; d = 0.2). Results suggest that DAT and relaxation may be promising adjunctive treatments for children and adolescents with FASD.Clinical trial registration information: http://clinicaltrials.gov/ ; NCT04038164.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Vidal
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
- Group of Psychiatry, Mental Health and Addiction, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain.
- Biomedical Network Research Centre On Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain.
- Department of Psychiatry and Legal Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Laura Vidal
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Group of Psychiatry, Mental Health and Addiction, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jorge Lugo
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Biomedical Network Research Centre On Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francesc Ristol
- Centre de Terapia Assistida Amb Cans (CTAC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eva Domènec
- Centre de Terapia Assistida Amb Cans (CTAC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Teresa Casas
- Centre de Terapia Assistida Amb Cans (CTAC), Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | - Josep Antoni Ramos-Quiroga
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Group of Psychiatry, Mental Health and Addiction, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain
- Biomedical Network Research Centre On Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Psychiatry and Legal Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nuria Gómez-Barros
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Group of Psychiatry, Mental Health and Addiction, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain
- Biomedical Network Research Centre On Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Psychiatry and Legal Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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Cseh Á, Escamocher G, Quesada L. Computing relaxations for the three-dimensional stable matching problem with cyclic preferences. Constraints 2023; 28:138-165. [PMID: 37545838 PMCID: PMC10400706 DOI: 10.1007/s10601-023-09346-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Constraint programming has proven to be a successful framework for determining whether a given instance of the three-dimensional stable matching problem with cyclic preferences (3dsm-cyc) admits a solution. If such an instance is satisfiable, constraint models can even compute its optimal solution for several different objective functions. On the other hand, the only existing output for unsatisfiable 3dsm-cyc instances is a simple declaration of impossibility. In this paper, we explore four ways to adapt constraint models designed for 3dsm-cyc to the maximum relaxation version of the problem, that is, the computation of the smallest part of an instance whose modification leads to satisfiability. We also extend our models to support the presence of costs on elements in the instance, and to return the relaxation with lowest total cost for each of the four types of relaxation. Empirical results reveal that our relaxation models are efficient, as in most cases, they show little overhead compared to the satisfaction version.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ágnes Cseh
- Institute of Economics, Centre for Economic and Regional Studies, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Mathematics, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Guillaume Escamocher
- Insight Centre for Data Analytics, Cork, Ireland
- School of Computer Science and Information Technology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Luis Quesada
- Insight Centre for Data Analytics, Cork, Ireland
- School of Computer Science and Information Technology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
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Martin MN, Jordanova KV, Kos AB, Russek SE, Keenan KE, Stupic KF. Relaxation measurements of an MRI system phantom at low magnetic field strengths. MAGMA 2023:10.1007/s10334-023-01086-y. [PMID: 37209233 PMCID: PMC10386925 DOI: 10.1007/s10334-023-01086-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Temperature controlled T1 and T2 relaxation times are measured on NiCl2 and MnCl2 solutions from the ISMRM/NIST system phantom at low magnetic field strengths of 6.5 mT, 64 mT and 550 mT. MATERIALS AND METHODS The T1 and T2 were measured of five samples with increasing concentrations of NiCl2 and five samples with increasing concentrations of MnCl2. All samples were scanned at 6.5 mT, 64 mT and 550 mT, at sample temperatures ranging from 10 °C to 37 °C. RESULTS The NiCl2 solutions showed little change in T1 and T2 with magnetic field strength, and both relaxation times decreased with increasing temperature. The MnCl2 solutions showed an increase in T1 and a decrease in T2 with increasing magnetic field strength, and both T1 and T2 increased with increasing temperature. DISCUSSION The low field relaxation rates of the NiCl2 and MnCl2 arrays in the ISMRM/NIST system phantom are investigated and compared to results from clinical field strengths of 1.5 T and 3.0 T. The measurements can be used as a benchmark for MRI system functionality and stability, especially when MRI systems are taken out of the radiology suite or laboratory and into less traditional environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele N Martin
- U.S. Department of Commerce, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO, 80305, USA.
| | - Kalina V Jordanova
- U.S. Department of Commerce, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO, 80305, USA
| | - Anthony B Kos
- U.S. Department of Commerce, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO, 80305, USA
| | - Stephen E Russek
- U.S. Department of Commerce, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO, 80305, USA
| | - Kathryn E Keenan
- U.S. Department of Commerce, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO, 80305, USA
| | - Karl F Stupic
- U.S. Department of Commerce, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO, 80305, USA
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Taipale J. Winnicott and the (un)integrated self. Int J Psychoanal 2023:1-23. [PMID: 37199728 DOI: 10.1080/00207578.2023.2194364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
The capacity to relax and letting one's mind wander is one of the cornerstones of psychoanalysis. In cases where this capacity seems hindered, the reasons are characteristically sought from particular and specific inhibitions: what is thereby taken to be interfered is not the capacity of relaxation but only the activation of this capacity in a particular regard. In contrast to this mainstream way of thinking, Winnicott argues that the capacity for mental relaxation is a developmental achievement and presupposes a safe sense of integration. The present article investigates this dynamism. It clarifies how an integral sense of self arises out of primary unintegration, explains how a well-established sense of self grounds the ability to relax, and underlines the centrality of relaxed unintegration in everyday life as well as in the analytic situation.
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Pfeifer E, Pothmann K, Claaßen S, Wittmann M. Increased relaxation, less boredom, and a faster passage of time during a period of silence in the forest. Prog Brain Res 2023; 277:157-180. [PMID: 37301568 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pbr.2022.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION There is growing evidence of the beneficial effects of exposure to nature on health and well-being. Time spent in nature can decrease stress, anxiety, depression, and improve mood. In the present study, we compared the experience of a short period of silence in the natural environment of a forest with the same amount of silence in a seminar room. METHODS We applied an intra-subject design with two 6:30-min sessions of silence in two different environments (forest, seminar room). The participants (n=41) were assigned to four groups. Two groups started with the indoor condition and two groups with the outdoor condition. After 1 week, the two groups were exposed to the other condition. Participants filled out personality-trait scales on meaning in life and belief in oneness with the world, as well as state scales assessing emotional reactions, relaxation, boredom, and the subjective sense of self, time, and space. RESULTS Participants felt significantly more relaxed and less bored in the forest compared to indoors. They experienced time less intensely, judging it to pass faster and to last shorter in the forest. Regarding trait variables, the higher the search for meaning, the higher oneness beliefs in participants. The higher oneness beliefs, the more positive participants felt during silence in the forest. DISCUSSION Interest in nature-assisted therapy is increasing in the healthcare sector. Exposure to silence in the natural setting of a forest could prove to be an effective complement to interventions applied in nature-assisted therapy, such as forest therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Pfeifer
- Catholic University of Applied Sciences, Freiburg, Germany; Faculty of Psychotherapy Science, Sigmund Freud University, Vienna, Austria.
| | | | - Stefan Claaßen
- Catholic University of Applied Sciences, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Marc Wittmann
- Institute for Frontier Areas of Psychology and Mental Health, Freiburg, Germany
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32
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Daniel G, Meirav G, Noam O, Tamar BK, Dvir R, Ricardo O, Noam BE. Fast and accurate T(2) mapping using Bloch simulations and low-rank plus sparse matrix decomposition. Magn Reson Imaging 2023; 98:66-75. [PMID: 36649808 DOI: 10.1016/j.mri.2023.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE MRI's T2 relaxation time is one of the key contrast mechanisms for clinical diagnosis and prognosis of pathologies. Mapping this relaxation time, however, involves extensive scan times, which are needed to collect quantitative data, thereby impeding its integration into clinical routine. This study employs a low-rank plus sparse (L + S) signal decomposition approach in order to reconstruct accurate T2-maps from highly undersampled multi-echo spin-echo (MESE) MRI data. METHODS Two new algorithms are presented: the first uses standard L + S approach, where both L and S are iteratively updated. The second technique, dubbed SPArse and fixed RanK (SPARK), uses a fixed-rank L, under the assumption that most MESE information is found in the L component and that this rank can be pre-calculated. The utility of these new techniques is demonstrated on in vivo brain and calf data at x2 to x6 acceleration factors. RESULTS Accelerated T2 maps showed improved accuracy compared to fully sampled ground truth maps, when using L + S and SPARK techniques vis-à-vis standard GRAPPA acceleration. CONCLUSION SPARK provides accurate T2 maps with increased robustness to the selection of reconstruction parameters making it suitable to a wide range of applications and facilitating the use of quantitative T2 information in clinical settings.
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Teo JT, Johnstone SJ, Thomas SJ. Use of portable devices to measure brain and heart activity during relaxation and comparative conditions: Electroencephalogram, heart rate variability, and correlations with self-report psychological measures. Int J Psychophysiol 2023; 189:1-10. [PMID: 37094613 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2023.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
Abstract
Recent technological advancements have enabled the development of portable devices that facilitate psychophysiological measurement in ecologically valid settings. The aim of the present study was to establish normative heart rate (HR), heart rate variability (HRV), and electroencephalogram (EEG) power during relaxation and comparative conditions. Fifty healthy adult participants completed baseline psychological questionnaires and subjective ratings of relaxation while portable devices measured continuous EEG, HR, and HRV data during eyes-open (EO) and eyes-closed (EC) resting, relaxation induction, and patting a toy dog (TD). Subjective relaxation levels were higher after the relaxation and TD compared to EO and EC resting conditions. Psychophysiological indications of relaxation included higher HRV during relaxation, and higher delta, theta, and alpha power during the TD condition. EEG recorded using a portable wireless single-channel device showed frontal EC versus EO differences comparable with those reported using traditional laboratory-based EEG equipment. Additionally, alpha power was positively correlated with resilience and negatively correlated with depression, anxiety, and stress. Delta power correlated positively with subjective relaxation levels during relaxation. Overall, the results suggest that portable devices can provide valid measurements of psychophysiological activity during relaxation outside of laboratory settings. Changes in HRV and EEG waveforms reveal more information about physiological relaxation and show promise for real-world monitoring in fields of study that investigate human arousal, stress, and health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jillian T Teo
- School of Psychology, Faculty of the Arts, Social Sciences and Humanities, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia.
| | - Stuart J Johnstone
- School of Psychology, Faculty of the Arts, Social Sciences and Humanities, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia.
| | - Susan J Thomas
- Graduate School of Medicine, Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, 2522, Australia; Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, University of Wollongong, 2522, Australia.
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Consuelo-Leal A, Araujo-Ferreira AG, Lucas-Oliveira E, Bonagamba TJ, Auccaise R. NMR Relaxation by Redfield equation in a spin system I=7/2. J Magn Reson 2023; 349:107403. [PMID: 36863304 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2023.107403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The Redfield master equation was solved analytically for a nuclear system with spin I=7/2. Using the irreducible tensor operator basis, the solutions of each density matrix element were computed. The experimental setup consisted of the 133Cs nuclei of the cesium-pentadecafluorooctanoate molecule in a lyotropic liquid crystal sample in the nematic phase at room temperature. Experimental longitudinal and transverse magnetization dynamics of the 133Cs nuclei were monitored, and the theoretical approach was used to generate valuable mathematical expressions with the highest accuracy through numerical procedures. This methodology can be extended to other nuclei with minimal difficulties.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Consuelo-Leal
- Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, CP 369, 13560-970 São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - A G Araujo-Ferreira
- Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, CP 369, 13560-970 São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - E Lucas-Oliveira
- Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, CP 369, 13560-970 São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - T J Bonagamba
- Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, CP 369, 13560-970 São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - R Auccaise
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa, Av. General Carlos Cavalcanti 4748, 84030-900 Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil.
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Zheng D, Berry DR, Brown KW. Effects of Brief Mindfulness Meditation and Compassion Meditation on Parochial Empathy and Prosocial Behavior Toward Ethnic Out-Group Members. Mindfulness (N Y) 2023:1-17. [PMID: 37362189 PMCID: PMC10040311 DOI: 10.1007/s12671-023-02100-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/28/2023]
Abstract
Objectives Relative to the tendency to empathize with and help sociocultural in-group members, there are often social and psychological barriers to responding prosocially toward out-group members. This experiment examined the roles of mindfulness instruction and compassion instruction in fostering prosocial behavior toward an ethnic out-group (non-U.S. Arabs) relative to an ethnic in-group (U.S. residents). The study also examined whether contemplative practices would predict less parochial empathy and whether parochial empathy would mediate the relations between mindfulness/compassion and prosocial behavior toward the out-group. Method A national sample of n = 450 U.S. residents was recruited online via the Prolific platform using the standard sample function, which distributed the study to available participants on Prolific. Participants were randomly assigned to one of three brief, structurally equivalent audio-recorded instruction conditions: mindfulness meditation, compassion meditation, or a relaxation control, and then completed a series of tasks to assess prosociality toward in- and out-group members. Results The compassion training was most effective in reducing parochial empathy when controlling for all covariates. The mindfulness training reduced parochial empathy when controlling for in-group empathy, and it led to greater out-group altruism and support for out-group immigration. Parochial empathy predicted out-group altruism; however, it was not a better predictor of support for Arab immigration than trait empathic concern. Training conditions did not differ on support for out-group cause. Exploratory moderation analyses found that those with higher trait empathic concern and intergroup contact quality were more likely to show compassion training and mindfulness training effects, respectively, on support for out-group immigration. Conclusions Brief compassion training had the strongest effect on parochial empathy, but mindfulness training showed stronger effects on out-group altruism and support for out-group immigration. Predisposing social psychological characteristics may enhance intergroup prosociality among those receiving compassion or mindfulness instruction. Preregistration This study is preregistered at https://osf.io/rnc97. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12671-023-02100-z.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise Zheng
- Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, 806 West Franklin Street, Richmond, VA 23284 USA
| | - Daniel R. Berry
- Department of Psychology, California State University San Marcos, San Marcos, USA
| | - Kirk Warren Brown
- Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, 806 West Franklin Street, Richmond, VA 23284 USA
- Department of Psychology, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, USA
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Leskinen HPP, Hänninen N, Nissi MJ. T 2orientation anisotropy mapping of articular cartilage using qMRI. Phys Med Biol 2023; 68. [PMID: 36867883 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6560/acc169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To provide orientation-independent MR parameters potentially sensitive to articular cartilage degeneration by measuring isotropic and anisotropic components of T2 relaxation, as well as 3-D fiber orientation angle and anisotropy via multi-orientation MR scans.
Approach: Seven bovine osteochondral plugs were scanned with a high angular resolution of thirty-seven orientations spanning 180° at 9.4 T. The obtained data was fitted to the magic angle model of anisotropic T2 relaxation to produce pixel-wise maps of the parameters of interest. Quantitative Polarized Light Microscopy (qPLM) was used as a reference method for the anisotropy and fiber orientation.
Main results: The number of scanned orientations was found to be sufficient for estimating both fiber orientation and anisotropy maps. The relaxation anisotropy maps demonstrated a high correspondence with qPLM reference measurements of the collagen anisotropy of the samples. The scans also enabled calculating orientation-independent T2 maps. Little spatial variation was observed in the isotropic component of T2 while the anisotropic component was much faster in the deep radial zone of cartilage. The estimated fiber orientation spanned the expected 0° to 90° in samples that had a sufficiently thick superficial layer. The orientation-independent MRI measures can potentially reflect the true properties of articular cartilage more precisely and robustly.
Significance: The methods presented in this study will likely improve the specificity of cartilage qMRI by allowing the assessment of the physical properties such as orientation and anisotropy of collagen fibers in articular cartilage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henri P P Leskinen
- Department of Technical physics, University of Eastern Finland - Kuopio Campus, Yliopistonranta 1, Kuopio, Pohjois-Savo, 70211, FINLAND
| | - Nina Hänninen
- Department of Technical Physics, University of Eastern Finland - Kuopio Campus, Yliopistonranta 1, Kuopio, Pohjois-Savo, 70211, FINLAND
| | - Mikko J Nissi
- Department of Technical Physics, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1 F, Kuopio, 70210, FINLAND
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Mahady A, Takac M, De Foe A. What is autonomous sensory meridian response (ASMR)? A narrative review and comparative analysis of related phenomena. Conscious Cogn 2023; 109:103477. [PMID: 36806854 DOI: 10.1016/j.concog.2023.103477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
A narrative review of autonomous sensory meridian response (ASMR) was carried out. Definitional factors relevant to ASMR were canvassed. Related, but distinctly unique, sensorial phenomena, including frisson, synaesthesia, and misophonia were considered. Finally, the status of literature with respect to clinical outcomes, individual differences, and current research applications was evaluated. ASMR is a nascent phenomenon that has rapidly progressed in scope and depth of study throughout the past decade; a notable shift from brief-form studies to an increase in formalised trials is noted. Yet, critical questions remain unaddressed, including expectancy and placebo effects, that future research should interrogate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aidan Mahady
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Australia
| | - Marcel Takac
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Australia.
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Ramirez Garcia MP, Leclerc-Loiselle J, Côté J, Brouillette MJ, Thomas R. Effect of autogenic training on quality of life and symptoms in people living with HIV: A mixed method randomized controlled trial. Complement Ther Clin Pract 2023; 50:101716. [PMID: 36528982 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctcp.2022.101716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Quality of life of people living with HIV is strongly affected by sleep problems, fatigue, pain, anxiety, and depression symptoms. This study set out to evaluate the effects of autogenic training (AT) on quality of life and symptoms within this population. METHODS A mixed method randomized controlled trial was conducted. Participants were randomly assigned to either the AT group (n = 32) or the control group (CG) (n = 31). Quality of life and symptoms were measured in both groups three times: prior to intervention (T0), immediately after intervention (T3), and three months after intervention (T6). Fourteen individual interviews were conducted. RESULTS Results show a significant improvement in social and mental dimensions of quality of life for the two groups at T6. They also show a significant improvement in sleep for AT participants at T3. Qualitative results are consistent with quantitative ones. CONCLUSION AT seems to improve sleep quality and could improve some dimensions of quality of life and other symptoms among people living with HIV. Further studies are needed to confirm these results. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT01901016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Pilar Ramirez Garcia
- Faculty of Nursing, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada; Research Center of the Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada; AIDS and Infectious Disease Network (SIDA-MI), Canada; Quebec Network on Nursing Intervention Research (RRISIQ), QC, Canada.
| | | | - José Côté
- Faculty of Nursing, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada; Research Center of the Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada; AIDS and Infectious Disease Network (SIDA-MI), Canada; Quebec Network on Nursing Intervention Research (RRISIQ), QC, Canada.
| | - Marie-Josée Brouillette
- AIDS and Infectious Disease Network (SIDA-MI), Canada; Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada; McGill University Health Centre, Canada.
| | - Réjean Thomas
- AIDS and Infectious Disease Network (SIDA-MI), Canada; Clinique Médicale l'Actuel, Montréal, QC, Canada.
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Tuominen PPA, Mayor P. Motivation, stress, recovery, and physical activity of teachers: discoveries with the Reiss Motivation Profile ® and the Firstbeat ® measurement. Z Gesundh Wiss 2023:1-11. [PMID: 36718231 PMCID: PMC9879234 DOI: 10.1007/s10389-023-01828-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Aim Teaching is known as a high-stress occupation. Managing fatigue and promoting work engagement, teachers' expectations and perceptions can impact work-related stress-recovery-balance and physical activity levels. The main objective of the current study was to investigate the relationship between intrinsic motivational factors and the autonomic nervous system, such as heart rate and heart rate variability regulation, sleep, and physical activity levels. Methods The research included 66 primary and high school teachers in Tampere, Finland, in 2020-2021. The Reiss Motivation Profile® (RMP) was selected as an instrument to provide a practical approach to understanding people's intrinsic motivators and the effects of those on the Firstbeat®-measured heart rate and heart rate variability, and accelerometry. Stepwise multiple linear regression models were used to assess whether the RMP motives reflected Firstbeat®-measured outcomes. Results Motives such as Acceptance, Eating, Family, Physical Activity, Power, Tranquillity, and Vengeance were found to have a relationship with Firstbeat®-measured outcomes. An increase in the Physical Activity motive was related to lower stress and less light physical activity. Furthermore, an increase in the Physical Activity motive showed a relationship with better recovery and a higher amount of vigorous physical activity. However, the statistical analysis of heart rate and heart rate variability showed only low explanatory power (R2 = 0.111-0.140) for stress, recovery, and sleep. On the contrary, the explanatory power of measurements related to physical activity and sedentary behavior was higher (R2 = 0.171-0.298). In addition, the need for Acceptance as an important intrinsic motive that may prevent people from vigorous physical activity deserves further research. Conclusion The results indicated that there are several factors affecting the autonomous nervous system but also behavior. The basic desires explained sedentary and physical activity behavior better than the functioning of the autonomic nervous system. The 16 life motives can serve as a valuable theory for understanding better how to encourage people to have healthier habits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pipsa P. A. Tuominen
- Tampere University of Applied Sciences, Social Services and Health Care, Physiotherapy degree program, Kuntokatu 3, P1-13, 33520 Tampere, Finland
| | - Päivi Mayor
- Tampere University of Applied Sciences, Business and Media, International Business, Master’s in Educational Leadership degree program, Tampere, Finland
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Tilak N, Li G, Taniguchi T, Watanabe K, Andrei EY. Moiré Potential, Lattice Relaxation, and Layer Polarization in Marginally Twisted MoS 2 Bilayers. Nano Lett 2023; 23:73-81. [PMID: 36576808 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c03676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Artificially twisted heterostructures of semiconducting transition-metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) offer unprecedented control over their electronic and optical properties via the spatial modulation of interlayer interactions and structural reconstruction. Here we study twisted MoS2 bilayers in a wide range of twist angles near 0° using scanning tunneling microscopy/spectroscopy. We investigate the twist angle dependence of the moiré pattern, which is dominated by lattice reconstruction for small angles (<2°), leading to large triangular domains with rhombohedral stacking. Local spectroscopy measurements reveal a large moiré-potential strength of 100-200 meV for angles <3°. In reconstructed regions, we see a bias-dependent asymmetry between neighboring triangular domains, which we relate to the vertical polarization that is intrinsic to rhombohedral stacked TMDs. This viewpoint is further supported by spectroscopy maps and ambient piezoresponse measurements. Our results provide a microscopic perspective of this new class of interfacial ferroelectrics and can offer clues for designing novel heterostructures that harness this effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikhil Tilak
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 136 Frelinghuysen Rd, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
| | - Guohong Li
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 136 Frelinghuysen Rd, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
| | - Takashi Taniguchi
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan
| | - Kenji Watanabe
- Research Center for Functional Materials, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan
| | - Eva Y Andrei
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 136 Frelinghuysen Rd, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
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Li R, Castañar L, Nilsson M, Morris GA. Relaxational signal attenuation during soft refocusing pulses. J Magn Reson 2023; 346:107337. [PMID: 36470177 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2022.107337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Quantitative NMR is widely used, but the systematic errors introduced when signals are excited by anything other than a single hard pulse are not always well understood. One important source of error in experiments using soft pulses is the spin relaxation that takes place during pulses, which contains contributions from both spin-spin and spin-lattice relaxation. Here it is shown that relaxation on resonance during shaped soft 180° refocusing pulses in practical experiments can be well represented by biexponential decay, with rate constants R2 and a shape-dependent linear combination of R1 and R2, where R1 and R2 are the inverses of the spin-lattice and spin-spin relaxation times T1 and T2. In principle this would allow correction for relaxational losses in experiments using on-resonance selective refocusing pulses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runchao Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK.
| | - Laura Castañar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK.
| | - Mathias Nilsson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK.
| | - Gareth A Morris
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK.
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Ganjeali S, Farsi Z, Sajadi SA, Zarea K. The effect of the demonstration-based progressive muscle relaxation technique on stress and anxiety in nurses caring for COVID-19 patients: a randomized clinical trial. BMC Psychiatry 2022; 22:791. [PMID: 36522723 PMCID: PMC9751506 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-022-04456-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Caring for patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) challenges nurses and causes them to experience stress and anxiety. From this perspective, it is of utmost importance to develop quick and effective intervention strategies to prevent numerous complications. This study aimed to investigate the effect of the progressive muscle relaxation technique, using the demonstration method on the stress and anxiety of nurses who care for COVID-19 patients. METHODS This randomized clinical trial was conducted in 2021. Forty-six nurses working in two referral hospitals with wards for COVID-19 patients in Tehran, Iran recruited by convenience sampling method and then randomly assigned to experimental or control groups. The nurses in the experimental group educated the progressive muscle relaxation by the demonstration method, and they were encouraged to practice it. The Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21 was utilized to measure the stress and anxiety levels in the nurses. RESULTS Before the intervention, the levels of stress in the experimental and control groups were 13.91 ± 2.41 vs. 14.34 ± 2.74 (p = 0.571), and their anxiety was 13.34 ± 3.41 vs. 12.78 ± 2.21 (p = 0.510), respectively. After the intervention, the levels of stress in the experimental and control groups were 10.95 ± 2.01 vs. 14.17 ± 2.34 (p < 0.001), and their anxiety was 9.47 ± 2.37 vs. 12.91 ± 1.85 (p < 0.001), respectively. Moreover, the levels of stress and anxiety in the experimental group significantly diminished after intervention (p < 0.001), but no significant changes were observed in the control group (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION Concerning the effectiveness of the progressive muscle relaxation technique in relieving the stress and anxiety of the nurses caring for COVID-19 patients, it is suggested to include this relaxation technique in nursing courses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samaneh Ganjeali
- Student Research Committee Department, Faculty of Nursing, Aja University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Farsi
- Research and Community Health Departments, Faculty of Nursing, Aja University of Medical Sciences, Kaj St., Shariati St, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyedeh Azam Sajadi
- Nursing Management Department, Faculty of Nursing, Aja University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kourosh Zarea
- Nursing Care Research Center in Chronic Diseases. School of Nursing and Midwifery, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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Hong J, Lee TK, Kim IH, Lee S, Jeon BJ, Lee J, Won MH, Kim S. Anti-stress effects of Fameyes in in vitro and in vivo models of stresses. Lab Anim Res 2022; 38:39. [PMID: 36471422 PMCID: PMC9724292 DOI: 10.1186/s42826-022-00149-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fameyes (a mixture of Clematis mandshurica Rupr. extract (CMRE) and Erigeron annuus (L.) Pers. extract (EAPE)) containing scutellarin and chlorogenic acid as major components has been reported to relieve mental stress in human subjects, which is reflected in improved scores in psychometric tests measuring levels of depression, anxiety, well-being, and mental fitness. The aim of this study was to examine the anti-stress activity of Fameyes and to investigate the mechanisms of the anti-stress activity using in vitro and in vivo models of stresses. RESULTS First, we tested the effect of Fameyes on corticosterone-induced cytotoxicity in SH-SY5Y cells (human neurofibroma cell lines). Corticosterone induced apoptosis and decreased cell viability and mitochondrial membrane potential, but treatment with Fameyes inhibited these cytotoxic effects in a dose-dependent manner. However, CMRE and EAPE (components of Fameyes) did not inhibit the cytotoxic effect of corticosterone individually. Next, we tested the effects of Fameyes on rats that were exposed to different kinds of stresses for four weeks. When the stressed rats were treated with Fameyes, their immobility time in forced swim and tail suspension tests decreased. A reduction was also observed in the serum levels of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and corticosterone. Furthermore, upon oral administration of Fameyes, serum serotonin levels increased. These in vitro and in vivo results support the anti-stress effects of Fameyes. CONCLUSIONS In vitro experiments showed anti-stress effects of Fameyes in cell viability, apoptosis, and mitochondrial membrane potential. In addition, in vivo experiments using rats showed anti-stress effects of Fameyes in blood and tissue levels of ACTH, corticosterone, and serotonin, as well as the immobility time in the forced swim and tail suspension tests. However, we did not specifically investigate which ingredient or ingredients showed anti-stress effects, although we reported that Fameyes contained chlorogenic acid and scutellarin major ingredients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junkee Hong
- Precision Medicine R&D Center, Famenity Co., Ltd., Uiwang, Gyeonggi 16006 Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Kyeong Lee
- grid.256753.00000 0004 0470 5964Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24252 Republic of Korea
| | - In Hye Kim
- Precision Medicine R&D Center, Famenity Co., Ltd., Uiwang, Gyeonggi 16006 Republic of Korea
| | - Seungah Lee
- R&D Center, Naturesense INC., Ltd., Uiwang, Gyeonggi 16006 Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-Ju Jeon
- R&D Center, Naturesense INC., Ltd., Uiwang, Gyeonggi 16006 Republic of Korea
| | - Jiwon Lee
- Precision Medicine R&D Center, Famenity Co., Ltd., Uiwang, Gyeonggi 16006 Republic of Korea
| | - Moo-Ho Won
- grid.412010.60000 0001 0707 9039Department of Neurobiology, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24341 Republic of Korea
| | - Sungsu Kim
- Precision Medicine R&D Center, Famenity Co., Ltd., Uiwang, Gyeonggi 16006 Republic of Korea
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Zhou Y, Li L, Huang Y, Ou J, Li W, Sun CQ. Perturbative vibration of the coupled hydrogen-bond (O:H-O) in water. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 310:102809. [PMID: 36356480 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2022.102809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Perturbation Raman spectroscopy has underscored the hydrogen bond (O:H-O or HB) cooperativity and polarizability (HBCP) for water, which offers a proper parameter space for the performance of the HB and electrons in the energy-space-time domains. The OO repulsive coupling drives the O:H-O segmental length and energy to relax cooperatively upon perturbation. Mechanical compression shortens and stiffens the O:H nonbond while lengthens and softens the HO bond associated with polarization. However, electrification by an electric field or charge injection, or molecular undercoordination at a surface, relaxes the O:H-O in a contrasting way to the compression with derivation of the supersolid phase that is viscoelastic, less dense, thermally diffusive, and mechanically and thermally more stable. The HO bond exhibits negative thermal expansivity in the liquid and the ice-I phase while its length responds in proportional to temperature in the quasisolid phase. The O:H-O relaxation modifies the mass densities, phase boundaries, critical temperatures and the polarization endows the slipperiness of ice and superfluidity of water at the nanometer scale. Protons injection by acid solvation creates the H↔H anti-HB and introduction of electron lone pairs derives the O:⇔:O super-HB into the solutions of base or H2O2 hydrogen-peroxide. The repulsive H↔H and O:⇔:O interactions lengthen the solvent HO bond while the solute HO bond contracts because its bond order loss. Differential phonon spectroscopy quantifies the abundance, structure order, and stiffness of the bonds transiting from the mode of pristine water to the perturbed states. The HBCP and the perturbative spectroscopy have enabled the dynamic potentials for the relaxing O:H-O bond. Findings not only amplified the power of the Raman spectroscopy but also substantiated the understanding of anomalies of water subjecting to perturbation.
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Hutahayan B, Nainggolan B, Tobing GL. Biplot analysis: relaxation of regulation/law, legal awareness, and legal compliance of customers in paying installments in the era of the COVID-19 pandemic (case study of Bank Mandiri MSME customers). Model Earth Syst Environ 2022; 9:1613-1620. [PMID: 36320784 PMCID: PMC9610345 DOI: 10.1007/s40808-022-01568-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Purpose This study aims to map the relaxation of rules/laws, legal awareness and legal compliance of MSMEs who are customers of Bank Mandiri. Design/method This research is a quantitative study using a questionnaire as a research instrument. The analytical method used in this study is a biplot analysis. Findings The results showed that there was a diversity of excellence in relaxation at each location of MSMEs both in terms of indicators and variables. Originality The originality of this study is that no research has examined the variables of relaxation of rules/laws, legal awareness and legal compliance of MSMEs who are customers of Bank Mandiri, especially during a pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benny Hutahayan
- grid.411744.30000 0004 1759 2014Brawijaya University, Kota Malang, Indonesia ,Malang, Indonesia
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Schleicher D, Ecker A, Kocur M, Jarvers I, Nash C, Götz L, Otto AH, Kandsperger S, Brunner R. Psychosocial stress induction in vivo vs. in virtuo and the influence of a health app on the acute stress reaction in youths: a study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Trials 2022; 23:847. [PMID: 36195934 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-022-06758-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute and everyday stress is substantial for the development of mental and physical diseases, therefore it is crucial to get a better understanding of its pathogenesis. Different methods (e.g., Ambulatory Assessment) and stress reactivity paradigms (e.g., Trier Social Stress Test / TSST) in laboratory settings are often used to investigate basic mechanisms of this process. Due to the technological progress of the last years and especially due to children and adolescents growing up with it, the application of these developments in clinical research is reasonable. The aim of this project is to successfully transfer the TSST for children and adolescents into the virtual world, which will be compared to a real TSST situation. Physiological and psychological stress reactions will be analyzed in order to assess similarities and differences. Moreover, it will be investigated whether a Heart Coherence Exercise (HCE) has a stronger influence on coping with acute stress compared to Natural Relaxation (NR). METHODS This single-center experimental study will examine acute and everyday stress and coping processes in eighty-four healthy children and adolescents between the ages of 11 and 17. For everyday stress, different parameters (e.g., hormonal profiles and mood ratings) as well as a history of stressful life events and utilized coping methods will be recorded and a relaxation exercise will be practiced on a smartphone over 2 days. Regarding the acute stress reaction, the participants will be confronted either with the virtual or the real version of the TSST, followed by the trained relaxation exercise (HCE vs. NR). Physiological (e.g., cortisol and heart rate) and psychological stress markers (e.g., mood and gaze behavior) will be recorded continuously. DISCUSSION Studies are sparse using a virtual version of the TSST in children and adolescents. A successful virtual TSST would constitute an economical variant, which would also make it easier to administer it in clinical or population-based samples. Effective ambulatory relaxation exercises would be a useful addition to clinical treatment approaches. TRIAL REGISTRATION The study is registered in the German Clinical Trials Register since 10 August 2020 ( DRKS00022063 ).
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Rotter G, Teut M, Binting S, Michalsen A, Ortiz M, Brinkhaus B. Lifestyle Behaviors in Patients with Atopic Dermatitis: Results of a Cross-Sectional Study following a Randomized Controlled Trial. Complement Med Res 2022; 29:419-428. [PMID: 36122564 DOI: 10.1159/000527107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The severity of atopic dermatitis (AD) is associated with lifestyle behaviors such as exercise, relaxation techniques, and dietary or nutritional adjustments. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate the frequency of self-initiated exercise, relaxation techniques, and dietary or nutritional adjustments and their perceived benefits in patients with AD. METHODS An exploratory cross-sectional study was performed in May 2019 with 115 AD patients who participated in a threearmed randomized controlled trial (the CAMATOP study). Data on lifestyle behaviors in the three domains of exercise, relaxation techniques, and dietary or nutritional adjustments and their perceived benefits were collected anonymously by a questionnaire and exploratively evaluated. RESULTS A total of 58 (50.4%) patients responded and were included in the analyses. Within the previous 4 months, 54 (93.1%) respondents had performed exercise, and 24 (41.4%) respondents had used a relaxation technique. A total of 44 (75.9%) respondents had adjusted their diet or nutrition intake due to AD. Exercise, relaxation techniques, and dietary or nutritional adjustments were rated as helpful by most respondents (57.4%, 87.0%, and 95.1%, respectively). Overall, 54 (93.1%) respondents adopted at least one lifestyle factor, and 13 (22.4%) adopted a lifestyle factor in all three domains. CONCLUSION In our sample, AD patients often adopted lifestyle behaviors such as exercise, relaxation techniques, diet and nutrition and perceived relaxation techniques and nutritional adjustments as helpful. Further high-quality cohort studies and prospective clinical trials should evaluate the benefits and possible risks of potentially healthy lifestyle behaviors in AD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Rotter
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt- Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Social Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Economics, Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael Teut
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt- Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Social Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Economics, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sylvia Binting
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt- Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Social Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Economics, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Michalsen
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt- Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Social Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Economics, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Internal and Integrative Medicine, Immanuel Krankenhaus Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Miriam Ortiz
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt- Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Social Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Economics, Berlin, Germany
| | - Benno Brinkhaus
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt- Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Social Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Economics, Berlin, Germany
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Matsumoto T, Kudo M, Osada T, Taguchi K, Kobayashi T. Methylglyoxal impairs ATP- and UTP-induced relaxation in the rat carotid arteries. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 933:175259. [PMID: 36113554 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.175259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Although methylglyoxal (MGO), a highly reactive dicarbonyl compound, influences the functioning of the vasculature, modulating its effects on vascular reactivity to various substances remains unclear, especially purinoceptor ligands. Therefore, we sought to investigate the direct effects of MGO on relaxation induced by adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) and uridine 5'-triphosphate (UTP) in isolated rat carotid arteries. When carotid arteries were exposed to MGO (420 μM for 1 h), relaxation induced by acetylcholine or sodium nitroprusside was not affected by MGO. However, ATP- and UTP-induced relaxation was impaired by MGO compared with the control. In both ATP- and UTP-induced relaxation, endothelial denudation, incubation with the nitric oxide (NO) synthase inhibitor NG-nitro-L-arginine or the selective P2Y purinoceptor 2 (P2Y2) receptor antagonist AR-C118925XX reduced relaxation in both the control and MGO groups, while the differences between the control and MGO groups were eliminated. The cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitor indomethacin inhibited the differences in ATP/UTP-mediated relaxations between the control and MGO groups. Moreover, N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC), an antioxidant, could augment carotid arterial relaxation induced by ATP/UTP in the presence of MGO. MGO increased arachidonic acid-induced contraction, which was suppressed by NAC. Following both ATP/UTP stimulation, MGO increased the release of prostanoids. These results suggest that MGO impaired ATP- and UTP-induced relaxation in carotid arteries, which was caused by suppressed P2Y2 receptor-mediated signaling and reductions in endothelial NO. Moreover, MGO partially contributed to COX-derived vasoconstrictor prostanoids through increased oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takayuki Matsumoto
- Department of Physiology and Morphology, Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Hoshi University, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8501, Japan.
| | - Miyo Kudo
- Department of Physiology and Morphology, Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Hoshi University, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8501, Japan
| | - Tomoe Osada
- Department of Physiology and Morphology, Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Hoshi University, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8501, Japan
| | - Kumiko Taguchi
- Department of Physiology and Morphology, Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Hoshi University, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8501, Japan
| | - Tsuneo Kobayashi
- Department of Physiology and Morphology, Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Hoshi University, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8501, Japan.
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Ginsberg KH, Alsweiler J, Alyami M, Serlachius A. Mindfulness and Relaxation-Based Interventions to Reduce Parental Stress, Anxiety and/or Depressive Symptoms in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit: A Systematic Review. J Clin Psychol Med Settings 2022. [PMID: 35984549 DOI: 10.1007/s10880-022-09902-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Parents with infants in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) experience high levels of stress, anxiety, and depression. Mindfulness and relaxation-based interventions are effective in reducing distress in the general postpartum population. The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate whether mindfulness and/or relaxation-based interventions reduce stress, anxiety, and depression in NICU parents. A total of five studies met the inclusion criteria and were assessed for quality using the Downs & Black Checklist. The most consistent results in this review suggest that mindfulness and/or relaxation-based interventions may be effective at reducing anxiety symptoms in NICU parents, with moderate to large effect sizes, and show promise in reducing depressive symptoms. The findings show limited potential benefits on parental stress. Methodological weaknesses, heterogeneous intervention factors (including format and length), and varying participant adherence hinder the ability to make strong conclusions. Directions for future research are discussed.
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van Dellen SA, Wisse B, Mobach MP. Effects of lactation room quality on working mothers' feelings and thoughts related to breastfeeding and work: a randomized controlled trial and a field experiment. Int Breastfeed J 2022; 17:57. [PMID: 35945573 PMCID: PMC9361273 DOI: 10.1186/s13006-022-00499-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The challenging combination of breastfeeding and work is one of the main reasons for early breastfeeding cessation. Although the availability of a lactation room (defined as a private space designated for milk expression or breastfeeding) is important in enabling the combination of breastfeeding and work, little is known about the effects of lactation room quality on mothers’ feelings and thoughts related to breastfeeding and work. We hypothesized that a high-quality lactation room (designed using the Theory of Supportive Design) would cause mothers to experience less stress, have more positive thoughts about milk expression at work, perceive more organizational support, and report more subjective well-being, than a low-quality lactation room. Methods In an online randomized controlled trial (Study 1), Dutch mothers (N = 267) were shown either a high-quality or a low-quality lactation room (using pictures and descriptions for the manipulation) and were then asked about their feelings and thoughts. In a subsequent field experiment (Study 2) we modified the lactations rooms in a large organization in Groningen, the Netherlands, to manipulate lactation room quality, and asked mothers (N = 61) who used either a high-quality or low-quality lactation room to fill out surveys to assess the dependent variables. Results The online study showed that mothers exposed to the high-quality lactation room anticipated less stress, more positive cognitions about milk expression at work, more perceived organizational support, and more subjective well-being than mothers exposed to the low-quality lactation room (p < 0.05). Moreover, the effect of lactation room quality on perceived organizational support was especially pronounced for mothers who were higher in environmental sensitivity. The field experiment showed that use of the high-quality room led to less reported stress than use of the low-quality room (p < 0.05). We also found that mothers who were higher in environmental sensitivity perceived more control over milk expression at work and experienced more subjective well-being in the high-quality condition than in the low-quality condition (p < 0.05). Conclusion The current studies show that not only the availability, but also the quality of lactation rooms is important in facilitating the combination of breastfeeding and work. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13006-022-00499-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sjoukje A van Dellen
- Department of Psychology, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands. .,NoorderRuimte, Research Centre for Built Environment, Hanze University of Applied Sciences, Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Barbara Wisse
- Department of Psychology, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Mark P Mobach
- NoorderRuimte, Research Centre for Built Environment, Hanze University of Applied Sciences, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Faculty of Management and Organization, The Hague University of Applied Sciences, The Hague, The Netherlands
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