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Hüzmeli İ, Katayıfçı N, Yalçın F, Hüzmeli ED. Effects of Different Inspiratory Muscle Training Protocols on Exercise Capacity, Respiratory Muscle Strength, and Health-Related Quality of Life in Patients with Hypertension. Int J Clin Pract 2024; 2024:4136457. [PMID: 38344141 PMCID: PMC10858798 DOI: 10.1155/2024/4136457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Aim This study aimed to explore how varying inspiratory muscle training workloads affect exercise capacity, health-related quality of life (HrQoL), depression, peripheral and respiratory muscle strength, pulmonary function, dyspnea, fatigue, and physical activity levels in hypertension (HT) patients. Methods A randomized, controlled three-arm study. Forty-five patients (58.37 ± 8.53 y, 7F/38M) with HT received IMT (7 days/8 weeks) by POWERbreathe® Classic LR device and were randomized to control group (CG, 10% maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP), n: 15), low-load group (LLG, 30% MIP), and high-load group (HLG, %50 MIP). Exercise capacity, HrQoL, depression, peripheral and respiratory muscle strength, pulmonary function, fatigue, physical activity level, dyspnea, and sleep quality were evaluated before and after the training. Results Exercise capacity, physical functioning, peripheral muscle strength, and resting dyspnea were statistically significantly improved in HLG and LLG after the training compared to CG (p < 0.05). Similar improvements in perception of depression, fatigue, and sleep quality were seen within and between the groups (p > 0.05). Statistically significant differences were found within all the groups in terms of MIP and PEF values of respiratory functions (p < 0.05). The superior improvement in the physical activity level was found in the HLG (p < 0.05). Discussion. High-load IMT was particularly effective in increasing physical activity level, peripheral muscle strength, exercise capacity, and improved HrQoL. Low-load IMT was effective in reducing dyspnea and improving respiratory function. Device-guided breathing exercises decreased blood pressure, improved sleep quality, and strengthened respiratory muscles. IMT, an efficient method, is suggested for inclusion in rehabilitation programs due to its capacity to increase physical activity, exercise capacity, and peripheral muscle strength, enhance HrQoL and respiratory function, and alleviate dyspnea. Also, the efficacy of IMT should be investigated with different training protocols such as endurance IMT or functional IMT in HT patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- İrem Hüzmeli
- Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Hatay, Türkiye
| | - Nihan Katayıfçı
- Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Hatay, Türkiye
| | - Fatih Yalçın
- Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Hatay, Türkiye
| | - Esra Doğru Hüzmeli
- Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Hatay, Türkiye
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Ghavami T, Kazeminia M, Ahmadi N, Rajati F. Global Prevalence of Obstructive Sleep Apnea in the Elderly and Related Factors: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Study. J Perianesth Nurs 2023; 38:865-875. [PMID: 37318436 DOI: 10.1016/j.jopan.2023.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aims of current meta-analysis was to combine data and statistics on the global prevalence of OSA and related factors in older adults. DESIGN A systematic review and meta-analysis. METHODS To find related studies, various databases were searched including Embase, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science (WoS), MagIran, and SID (two local databases) using appropriate keywords, MeSH and controlled vocabulary, with no time limitation up to June, 2021. Heterogeneity of studies was evaluated using I2, and Egger's regression intercept was used to detect publication bias. FINDINGS 39 studies with a total sample size of 33,353 people were included. The pooled prevalence of OSA in older adults was 35.9% (95% confidence interval: 28.7%-43.8%; I2 = 98.81%). Considering the high heterogeneity of included studies, subgroup analysis was conducted and yielded the most prevalent in Asia continent with 37.0% (95% CI: 22.4%-54.5%; I2 = 97.32%). However, heterogeneity was remained at high level. In the majority of studies, OSA was significantly and positively related to obesity, increased BMI, age, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and daytime sleepiness. CONCLUSIONS Results of this study showed that global prevalence of OSA in older adults is high and is significantly related to obesity, increased BMI, age, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and daytime sleepiness. These findings can be used by experts working on the diagnosis and management of OSA in the geriatric population. These findings can be used by experts on the diagnosis and treatment of OSA in the older adults. Due to high heterogeneity, findings should be interpreted with great caution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina Ghavami
- Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mohsen Kazeminia
- Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Nassim Ahmadi
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, College of Health Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE
| | - Fatemeh Rajati
- Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
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Misra A, Pawar R, Pal A. Effect of Balloon-Blowing Exercise on Oxygen Saturation in COVID-19 Patients. Cureus 2023; 15:e40250. [PMID: 37440814 PMCID: PMC10334858 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.40250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Balloon therapy is an empirical example that patients with respiratory tract diseases can use to improve their daily care. The diaphragm and ribs are expanded and raised by the intercostal muscles, which are activated during the balloon-blowing exercise. This makes it possible for the lungs to inhale oxygen and exhale carbon dioxide. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the impact of balloon-blowing exercise on blood oxygen saturation in stable, non-intubated COVID-19 patients. Methodology Considering the guidelines approved by the Ministry of Health and the Government of India, 250 COVID-19 patients with an age group between 20 and 80 years based on the inclusion criteria were taken. After the collection of baseline data consisting of oxygen saturation (SpO2) measured with a portable pulse oximeter, the balloon-blowing exercise with conventional physiotherapy was given for 30 minutes, and clinical data of SpO2 were re-collected. Results The pre- and post-results of balloon blowing exercise, along with conventional physiotherapy in 250 patients, were assessed by measuring SpO2. The results demonstrated that the balloon exercise was found to be effective, as oxygen saturation improved after the application of the balloon exercise. Analysis revealed that pre- and post-values involving 95.685±1.645 and 98.123±1.445, respectively, differed significantly. The results demonstrated that the application of balloon exercise to COVID-19 patients led to a considerable improvement in SpO2. Conclusion The difference between the pre- and post-values of SpO2 was found to be significant, which suggests that balloon exercise is a low-cost physiotherapy strategy that can be utilized to enhance oxygen saturation in COVID-19 patients. This demonstrates that the need for ICU treatment can be lessened, and consequently, the burden on healthcare facilities can be reduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anand Misra
- Department of Physiotherapy, Sri Aurobindo Institute of Allied Health and Paramedical Sciences, Sri Aurobindo University, Indore, IND
| | - Rajni Pawar
- Department of Physiotherapy, Sri Aurobindo Institute of Allied Health and Paramedical Sciences, Sri Aurobindo University, Indore, IND
| | - Akshay Pal
- Department of Physiotherapy, Sri Aurobindo Institute of Allied Health and Paramedical Sciences, Sri Aurobindo University, Indore, IND
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Efendi F, Tonapa SI, Has EMM, Ho KHM. Effects of chair-based resistance band exercise on physical functioning, sleep quality, and depression of older adults in long-term care facilities: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Nurs Sci 2022; 10:72-81. [PMID: 36860706 PMCID: PMC9969069 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnss.2022.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Chair-based resistance band exercise (CRBE) is a simple and safe physical activity for persons with limited mobility. This study aimed to review and analyze CRBE effects on physical functioning, sleep quality, and depression among older adults in long-term care facilities (LTCF). Method A systematic search guided by the PRISMA 2020 approach was performed on specific databases: AgeLine, CINAHL, PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Scopus, and Web of Science. The randomized controlled trial studies that trialed CRBE for older adults in LTCF, peer-reviewed articles published in the English language from inception to March 2022 were retrieved. Methodological quality was established using the Physiotherapy Evidence Database scale. The random and fixed effects model were used to generate the pooled effect size. Results Nine studies met the eligibility criteria and were synthesized. The results revealed that CRBE significantly promoted the activity of daily living (six studies; SMD = 0.30, P = 0.001), lung capacity (three studies; MD = 40.35, P < 0.001), handgrip strength (five studies; MD = 2.17, P < 0.001), upper limb muscle endurance (five studies; MD = 2.23, P = 0.012), lower limb muscle endurance (four studies; MD = 1.32, P < 0.001), upper body flexibility (four studies; MD = 3.06, P = 0.022), lower body flexibility (four studies; MD = 5.34, P < 0.001), dynamic balance (three studies; MD = -0.35, P = 0.011), sleep quality (two studies; MD = -1.71, P < 0.001), and reduced depression (two studies; SMD = -0.33, P = 0.035). Conclusion The evidence suggests that CRBE improved physical functioning parameters, and sleep quality, and lowers depression among older adults in LTCF. This study could be used to persuade long-term care facilities to allow people with limited mobility to engage in physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ferry Efendi
- Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia,School of Nursing & Midwifery, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia,Corresponding author. Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia.
| | | | | | - Ken Hok Man Ho
- The Nethersole School of Nursing, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
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Chukwu SC, Egbumike CJ, Ojukwu CP, Uchenwoke C, Igwe ES, Ativie NR, Okemmuo AJ, Chukwu NP, Ezeugwu UA, Ikele CN, Uduonu EM. Effects of Diaphragmatic Breathing Exercise on Respiratory Functions and Vocal Sustenance in Apparently Healthy Vocalists. J Voice 2022:S0892-1997(22)00303-4. [PMID: 36333216 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvoice.2022.09.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Effective vocalization is dependent on breathing efficiency. Previous studies have reported the efficacy of Diaphragmatic Breathing Exercise (DBE) on the respiratory muscles and breath control of vocalists. There is a paucity of data on the effects of DBE on their vocal sustenance (VS), which is determined as Maximum Phonation Time (MPT). No known published study has considered physiotherapy as influencing voice dynamics amongst vocalists; evaluated the relationship between respiratory functions (Forced Vital Capacity - FVC, Forced Expiratory Volume in one second - FEV1, FEV1/FVC, and Peak Expiratory Flow - PEF) and VS in apparently healthy vocalists. Moreover, literature on the benefits of DBE to vocalists has not considered explicitly this aspect of vocalization skill, VS. METHODS This is a pre-test - post-test experimental study involving a total of 37 participants (17 males and 20 females) selected by purposive and convenience sampling techniques. The subjects were grouped into DBE and control groups. Spirobank MIR spirometer was used to assess the respiratory function of the singers, while a stopwatch and keyboard were used in assessing the MPT. Statistical analysis was done with SPSS version 21.0. Alpha level set at 0.05. RESULTS Significant improvement was found in respiratory functions (FVC, FEV1, FEV1/FVC, PEF) of the DBE group when pre- and post-test results were compared. The DBE and control groups differed significantly. Respiratory values correlated significantly with the MPT values (FVC - r[p] - 0.416[0.011]; FEV1 - r[p] - 0.416[0.010]; PEF - r[p] - 0.566[0.000]), except for FEV1/FVC - r(p) - 0.248(0.138). Voice category did not correlate with respiratory parameters or MPT. While male singers showed more changes in respiratory function the female singers showed more improvement in MPT. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION DBE can improve respiration and VS (increased MPT). Therefore, it can be recommended for vocalists, and Physiotherapy can be relevant in trainings to improve vocal dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chukwuenyegom Joseph Egbumike
- Department of Medical Rehabilitation, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria; Department of Physiotherapy, Evangel University, Akaeze, Ebonyi State, Nigeria.
| | - Chidiebele P Ojukwu
- Department of Medical Rehabilitation, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria
| | - Chigozie Uchenwoke
- Department of Medical Rehabilitation, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria
| | - Emeka S Igwe
- Department of Medical Rehabilitation, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria
| | - Nkechi R Ativie
- Department of Medical Rehabilitation, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria
| | - Adaora J Okemmuo
- Department of Medical Rehabilitation, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria
| | - Nkem P Chukwu
- Department of Medical Rehabilitation, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria
| | - Uchechukwu A Ezeugwu
- Department of Medical Rehabilitation, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria
| | - Chioma N Ikele
- Department of Medical Rehabilitation, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria
| | - Ekezie M Uduonu
- Department of Medical Rehabilitation, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria
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Chen J, Peng LH, Min S. Implementation of perioperative breathing exercises and its effect on postoperative pulmonary complications and long-term prognosis in elderly patients undergoing laparoscopic colorectal surgery: A randomized controlled trial. Clin Rehabil 2022; 36:1229-1243. [PMID: 35635180 DOI: 10.1177/02692155221097762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study was to investigate the impact of breathing exercises on recovery in elderly patients receiving laparoscopic colorectal surgery. DESIGN A prospective randomized controlled trial. SETTING University hospital. SUBJECT A total of 264 elder patients undergoing laparoscopic colorectal surgery participated in this study. INTERVENTION Patients in intervention group received respiratory-related exercises based on standardized enhanced recovery after surgery strategies from admission to 90 days after surgery. The control group received perioperative standardized enhanced recovery after surgery strategies without formatted breathing exercises. MAIN MEASURES The primary outcome was the incidence of postoperative pulmonary complications. The secondary outcomes included 6-minute walking distance, surgery-related complications, length of stay, mortality postoperatively, and hospitalization costs. RESULTS Completion rate of breathing exercise in intervention group was over 80% till 90 days postoperatively. The incidence of postoperative pulmonary complications was lower in breathing exercises group (17/132 [12.9%] vs. 43/132 [32.6%], p < 0.001). The mean value of 6-minute walking distance increased more in intervention group compared with baseline values preoperatively (44.2 ± 4.3 vs. 3.2 ± 0.2, p < 0.001). On 90 days postoperatively, the mean value of 6-minute walking distance in breathing exercises group increased by 18.8 m compared with its baseline (557.0 ± 133.5 vs. 538.2 ± 112.7, p = 0.022), while that of control group decreased by 53.2 m from baseline (481.9 ± 102.5 vs. 535.1 ± 123.4, p < 0.001). Patients who received breathing exercises had shorter length of stay and lower hospitalization costs (p < 0.050). CONCLUSIONS Perioperative breathing exercises helped prevent postoperative pulmonary complications and improve long-term prognosis in elderly patients undergoing laparoscopic colorectal surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Chen
- The Department of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, 117972The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Li-Hua Peng
- The Department of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, 117972The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Su Min
- The Department of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, 117972The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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The global prevalence of oropharyngeal dysphagia in different populations: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Transl Med 2022; 20:175. [PMID: 35410274 PMCID: PMC9003990 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-022-03380-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Oropharyngeal dysphagia (OD) refers to any abnormality in the physiology of swallowing in the upper gastrointestinal tract, which leads to the related clinical complications, such as malnutrition, dehydration, and sever complication, such as aspiration pneumonia, suffocation, and eventually, premature death. The previous studies indicated a various range of prevalence of OD. The present systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to standardize the global prevalence of OD in different populations. Methods A systematic literature review was conducted using Embase, Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science (WoS) databases, and Google Scholar motor engine using related MeSH/Emtree and Free Text words, with no time limitation until November 2021. The heterogeneity among studies was quantified using I2 index and the random effects model was used, due to the high heterogeneity among the results of studies included in the meta-analysis. Results The systematic literature search retrieved 2092 studies. After excluding the irrelevant studies, ultimately 27 articles with a sample size of 9841 were included in the meta-analysis. After combining the studies, the overall estimate of the global prevalence rate of OD was 43.8% (95% CI 33.3–54.9%) and the highest prevalence rate was estimated in Africa with 64.2% (95% CI 53.2–73.9%). Given the subgroup analysis based on the study population, the highest prevalence of OD was related to Dementia with 72.4% (95% CI 26.7–95.0%). The results of meta-regression indicated that the prevalence of OD has an increasing trend with the enhancement of year of publication and mean age. Conclusion The results of the present systematic review and meta-analysis revealed that the prevalence of OD is high in different populations and its trend has been increasing in recent years. Therefore, the appropriate strategies should be applied to reduce the prevalence of OD by finding its causation and monitoring at all levels, as well as providing feedback to hospitals.
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The Effect of Balloon-Blowing Exercise on Postoperative Pulmonary Functions in Patients Undergoing Total Hip Arthroplasty. Orthop Nurs 2021; 40:182-188. [PMID: 34004618 DOI: 10.1097/nor.0000000000000758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
General anesthesia, prolonged immobilization, and pain may adversely affect pulmonary function in patients undergoing prosthetic surgery. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of balloon-blowing exercises on pulmonary functions in patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty. The patients in the experimental group performed three sets of balloon-blowing exercises in the morning, at noon, and in the evening on the first to third days postoperatively. The increase in forced vital capacity (FVC) values between the control and experimental groups in the postoperative period was statistically significant (p < .001), in favor of the experimental group. The increase in forced expiratory volume during the first second (FEV1)/FVC ratio was found to be significantly higher in the experimental group than in the control group (p < .001). Patients who performed balloon-blowing exercises increased their FVC and FEV1/FVC ratio.
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Pancar Z. Effect of Inspiratory Muscle Training with Royal Jelly Supplement on Iron Metabolism in Cigarette Addicts. Eurasian J Med 2021; 53:15-18. [PMID: 33716524 DOI: 10.5152/eurasianjmed.2020.20271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The strength or weakness of the respiratory muscles compared with other skeletal muscles owing to their more specialized structures is considered as an indicator or cause of a disease. This study aimed to investigate the effects of inspiratory muscle training with royal jelly (RJ) supplement on iron metabolism in cigarette addicts. Materials and Methods A total of 40 male volunteers participated in the study who were divided into 4 groups before the study as follows: smoker control group (n=10), inspiratory muscle training (IMT) group (n=10), RJ group (n=10), and RJ+IMT (n=10) group. Blood samples were taken from all the participants for analysis of iron, iron binding, and total iron binding capacity. Maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP) and maximal expiratory pressure (MEP) measurements for the groups to perform training were carried out with 40% of their MIP values. The training sessions were carried out at the same time every day for 4 weeks (5 days per week). Results The Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 22.0 program was used for statistical analyses. The results of the analysis found that the iron, iron binding, and total iron binding capacities were in favor of post-tests in the RJ supplement IMT, and RJ+IMT groups compared with those in the control group (p<0.05). There was a statistically significant difference between the RJ supplement, IMT, and RJ+IMT groups compared with the control group (p<0.05). Conclusion Therefore, it could be concluded that the IMT and RJ supplements positively affected these parameters by altering the iron metabolism of the cigarette addicts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zarife Pancar
- Department of Sport, Gaziantep University School of Sport Science, Gaziantep, Turkey
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George UZ, Moon KS, Lee SQ. Extraction and Analysis of Respiratory Motion Using a Comprehensive Wearable Health Monitoring System. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 21:1393. [PMID: 33671202 PMCID: PMC7923104 DOI: 10.3390/s21041393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Respiratory activity is an important vital sign of life that can indicate health status. Diseases such as bronchitis, emphysema, pneumonia and coronavirus cause respiratory disorders that affect the respiratory systems. Typically, the diagnosis of these diseases is facilitated by pulmonary auscultation using a stethoscope. We present a new attempt to develop a lightweight, comprehensive wearable sensor system to monitor respiration using a multi-sensor approach. We employed new wearable sensor technology using a novel integration of acoustics and biopotentials to monitor various vital signs on two volunteers. In this study, a new method to monitor lung function, such as respiration rate and tidal volume, is presented using the multi-sensor approach. Using the new sensor, we obtained lung sound, electrocardiogram (ECG), and electromyogram (EMG) measurements at the external intercostal muscles (EIM) and at the diaphragm during breathing cycles with 500 mL, 625 mL, 750 mL, 875 mL, and 1000 mL tidal volume. The tidal volumes were controlled with a spirometer. The duration of each breathing cycle was 8 s and was timed using a metronome. For each of the different tidal volumes, the EMG data was plotted against time and the area under the curve (AUC) was calculated. The AUC calculated from EMG data obtained at the diaphragm and EIM represent the expansion of the diaphragm and EIM respectively. AUC obtained from EMG data collected at the diaphragm had a lower variance between samples per tidal volume compared to those monitored at the EIM. Using cubic spline interpolation, we built a model for computing tidal volume from EMG data at the diaphragm. Our findings show that the new sensor can be used to measure respiration rate and variations thereof and holds potential to estimate tidal lung volume from EMG measurements obtained from the diaphragm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uduak Z. George
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA 92182, USA;
| | - Kee S. Moon
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA 92182, USA
| | - Sung Q. Lee
- Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute, Daejeon 34129, Korea;
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Qin PP, Jin JY, Wang WJ, Min S. Perioperative breathing training to prevent postoperative pulmonary complications in patients undergoing laparoscopic colorectal surgery: A randomized controlled trial. Clin Rehabil 2020; 35:692-702. [PMID: 33283533 DOI: 10.1177/0269215520972648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to determine whether perioperative breathing training reduces the incidence of postoperative pulmonary complications in patients undergoing laparoscopic colorectal surgery. DESIGN A randomized controlled trial. SETTING University hospital. SUBJECTS A total of 240 patients undergoing laparoscopic colorectal surgery participated in this study. INTERVENTION The enrolled patients were randomized into an intervention or control group. Patients in the intervention group received perioperative breathing training, including deep breathing and coughing exercise, balloon-blowing exercise, and pursed lip breathing exercise. The control group received standard perioperative care without any breathing training. MAIN MEASURES The primary endpoint was the incidence of postoperative pulmonary complications. The secondary objectives were to evaluate the effect of perioperative breathing training on arterial oxygenation, incidence of other postoperative complications, patient satisfaction, length of stay, and hospital charges. RESULTS The incidence of postoperative pulmonary complications in the breathing training group was lower than that in the control group (5/120 [4%] vs 14/120 [12%]; RR 0.357, 95%CI 0.133-0.960; P = 0.031). In addition, PaO2 and arterial oxygenation index on the first and fourth days after surgery were significantly higher in the breathing training group than in the control group (P < 0.001). In addition, patients with breathing training had shorter length of stay (6d [IQR 5-7] vs 8d [IQR 7-9]), lower hospital charges (7761 ± 1679 vs 8212 ± 1326), and higher patient satisfaction (9.46 ± 0.65 vs 9.21 ± 0.47) than those without. CONCLUSION Perioperative breathing training may reduce the incidence of postoperative pulmonary complications and preserve of arterial oxygenation after laparoscopic colorectal surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Pei Qin
- The Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ju-Ying Jin
- The Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wen-Jian Wang
- The Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Su Min
- The Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Sustained Abdominal Exercises Affect Abdominal Muscle Activation and Maximal Expiratory Pressures Differently in Healthy Men and Women. Cardiopulm Phys Ther J 2020. [DOI: 10.1097/cpt.0000000000000158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Bostanci Ö, Mayda H, Yılmaz C, Kabadayı M, Yılmaz AK, Özdal M. Inspiratory muscle training improves pulmonary functions and respiratory muscle strength in healthy male smokers. Respir Physiol Neurobiol 2019; 264:28-32. [PMID: 30953791 DOI: 10.1016/j.resp.2019.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Revised: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study is to investigate the effects of inspiratory muscle training (IMT) on pulmonary function and respiratory muscle strength of both healthy smokers and nonsmokers. Forty-two healthy males (16 in the IMT smokers group [IMTS], 16 in the IMT nonsmokers group [IMTN], and 10 in the placebo group) participated in the present study. Using a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled design, IMTS and IMTN underwent 4 weeks of 30 breaths twice daily at 50% (+5% increase each week) of maximum inspiratory pressure (MIP), while the placebo group maintained 30 breaths twice daily at 15% MIP using an IMT device. The data were analyzed with repeated measures for one-way analysis of variance, 3 × 2 mixed factor analysis of variance, and least significant difference tests. Respiratory muscle strength (MIP and maximal expiratory pressure [MEP]) and pulmonary functions significantly improved after a 4-week period (between the pre and posttests) in the IMTN and IMTS groups (p < 0.05). The mean difference and percentage differences showed significant alterations in the respiratory muscle strength, forced and slow pulmonary capacities, and pulmonary volume between the IMTN and IMTS groups (p < 0.05). There were significant changes in the expiratory muscle strength (MEP), slow vital capacity (SVC), and forced pulmonary measurements (forced expiratory volume after 1 s and maximal voluntary ventilation) between IMTN and IMTS groups in favor of smokers (p < 0.05). These results show that greater improvements occurred in smokers after IMT. Increased respiratory muscle strength may be the underlying mechanism responsible for this improvement. Additionally, the benefits of IMT were greater in smokers than nonsmokers. This difference between smokers and nonsmokers may potentially be explained by higher influence of exercise on smokers' lung microbiome, resulting in greater reversal of negative effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Özgür Bostanci
- Sport Science Faculty, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Ondokuz Mayıs University Performance Laboratory, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Yaşar Doğu Sport Science Faculty, 55100, Samsun, Turkey.
| | - Hakan Mayda
- Sport Science Faculty, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Ondokuz Mayıs University Performance Laboratory, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Yaşar Doğu Sport Science Faculty, 55100, Samsun, Turkey.
| | - Coşkun Yılmaz
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Ondokuz Mayıs University Performance Laboratory, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Yaşar Doğu Sport Science Faculty, 55100, Samsun, Turkey.
| | - Menderes Kabadayı
- Sport Science Faculty, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Ondokuz Mayıs University Performance Laboratory, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Yaşar Doğu Sport Science Faculty, 55100, Samsun, Turkey.
| | - Ali Kerim Yılmaz
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Ondokuz Mayıs University Performance Laboratory, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Yaşar Doğu Sport Science Faculty, 55100, Samsun, Turkey.
| | - Mustafa Özdal
- Physical Education and Sport, Institution: Gaziantep University, Laboratory: Gaziantep University Performance Laboratory, Gaziantep University, Physical Education and Sport Dept., 27310, Gaziantep, Turkey.
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14
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Seo K, Cho M. The effects of a balloon-blowing exercise in a 90/90 bridge position using a ball on the pulmonary function of females in their twenties. J Phys Ther Sci 2018; 30:1267-1270. [PMID: 30349162 PMCID: PMC6181651 DOI: 10.1589/jpts.30.1267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 07/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
[Purpose] This study was conducted to investigate pulmonary function before and after
the performance of a balloon-blowing exercise in a 90/90 bridge position using a ball
among female university students in their twenties. [Participants and Methods]
Participants were randomly assigned to the control group, which performed the bridge
position using hip and knee flexion on a ball with a diaphragm respiratory exercise, or
the experimental group, which performed a 90/90 bridge using a ball with a balloon
exercise. The exercise programs were conducted 30 minutes a day, five times a week for
four weeks. Pulmonary function was measured with a digital equipment before and after the
exercise program period. [Results] The findings suggest that the training group resulted
in significant changes in forced vital capacity, vital capacity, peak expiratory flow, and
forced expiratory volume at one second. There was no significant increase in maximal
voluntary capacity or vital capacity, but the pre- and post-test values improved. To
compare the two groups, an independent t-test was conducted to determine vital capacity,
and the results showed statistically significant differences between the experimental and
control groups. [Conclusion] This study showed that a balloon-blowing exercise in a 90/90
bridge position using a ball can be used to improve pulmonary function.
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Affiliation(s)
- KyoChul Seo
- Department of Physical Therapy, Korea Nazarene University: 456 Sangyong-dong, Seobuk-gu, Cheonan, Chungnam 331-718, Republic of Korea
| | - MiSuk Cho
- Department of Physical Therapy, Korea Nazarene University: 456 Sangyong-dong, Seobuk-gu, Cheonan, Chungnam 331-718, Republic of Korea
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