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Ozturk K, Nascene D. Diffusion Tensor Imaging of the Dentate Nucleus After Repeated Administration of Gadobutrol in Children. CEREBELLUM (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2022; 21:657-664. [PMID: 34453283 DOI: 10.1007/s12311-021-01324-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate possible signal changes in the dentate nucleus (DN) on diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) after administration of gadobutrol in a pediatric cohort. Total of 50 pediatric patients (mean age: 6.2 ± 4.3 years) with normal renal function exposed exclusively to the macrocyclic GBCA (mcGBCA) gadobutrol and 50 age- and sex-matched control patients with nonpathological neuroimaging findings (and no GBCA administration). Mean diffusivity (MD) and fractional anisotropy (FA) values were determined in the DN. A paired t test was performed to compare FA, MD values, and DN-to-middle cerebral peduncle (MCP) T1WI SI ratios between children exposed to gadobutrol and controls. Pearson correlation analysis was conducted to determine any correlation between FA and MD values as well as T1WI SI ratios and confounding parameters. The mean FA values of DN was significantly lower in children with mcGBCA than in the control group (p < 0.001; non-GBCA group, 0.299 ± 0.03; mcGBCA group, 0.254 ± 0.05), but no significant difference of the T1WI SI ratio was noted between the mcGBCA group (0.946 ± 0.06) and the control group (0.963 ± 0.05; p = 0.336). There was also a significant MD value difference between mcGBCA group and control group (p < 0.001; non-GBCA group, 0.152 ± 0.02 × 10-3 mm2/s; mcGBCA group, 0.173 ± 0.03 × 10-3 mm2/s). A significant correlation was identified between FA/MD values and the number of mcGBCA administration (FA; correlation coefficient = - 0.355, p = 0.011 and MD; correlation coefficient = 0.334, p = 0.018). The administration of the gadobutrol was associated with higher MD and lower FA values in DN suggesting a difference in cerebellar tissue integrity between children exposed to mcGBCAs and control group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerem Ozturk
- Division of Neuroradiology, Department of Radiology, University of Minnesota, B-226 Mayo Memorial Building, MMC 292, 420 Delaware Street S.E, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.
| | - David Nascene
- Division of Neuroradiology, Department of Radiology, University of Minnesota, B-226 Mayo Memorial Building, MMC 292, 420 Delaware Street S.E, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
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Kumar S, Sait H, Polipalli SK, Pradhan GS, Pruthi S, Kapoor S. Loes Score: Clinical and Radiological Profile of 22 Patients of X-Linked Adrenoleukodystrophy: Case Series from a Single Center. Indian J Radiol Imaging 2021; 31:383-390. [PMID: 34556923 PMCID: PMC8448211 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1734366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy (X-ALD) is a devastating disease with a wide spectrum of presentation ranging from asymptomatic to a rapidly progressive childhood cerebral form. The gene responsible for adrenoleukodystrophy is ABCD1 gene, required for β oxidation of fatty acids in various tissues. While biochemical and molecular techniques are available to confirm the diagnosis, brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) utilizing Loes score has been used for both prognosis and timely direction of hematopoietic stem cell therapy. Materials and Methods During the study period of 2016 to 2020, 22 individuals including 19 individuals with features suggestive of X-ALD and 3 asymptomatic siblings were evaluated from a single center in North India. After biochemical and molecular confirmation of the disease, detailed clinical and radiological findings using MRI brain were documented. A radiological scoring pattern proposed by Loes was employed to identify the severity of the disorder. Results The most common clinical presentations were visual difficulty and muscular weakness (58%). All symptomatic individuals had classic neuroimaging findings in the form of hyperintensities involving the parieto-occipital area and splenium of corpus callosum. Severe involvement in the form of global atrophy was observed in 52.6% of individuals. Asymptomatic siblings also showed neurological involvement based on MRI with highest Loes score of 9 in one individual. Conclusion This case series describes the clinical and radiological profile and employment of Loes score in individuals with X-ALD. Early identification of asymptomatic individuals by neuroimaging and use of Loes severity score for monitoring and disease progression will help in making therapeutic decisions in a timely manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somesh Kumar
- Division of Genetics and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi, India
| | - Haseena Sait
- Division of Genetics and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi, India
| | - Sunil K Polipalli
- Division of Genetics and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi, India
| | - Gaurav S Pradhan
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi, India
| | - Sumit Pruthi
- Vanderbilt University Medical Centre, Nashville, Tennessee, United States
| | - Seema Kapoor
- Division of Genetics and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi, India
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Kumar Panda P, Sharawat IK. Correspondence on "Stress in Parents of Children With Genetically Determined Leukoencephalopathies: A Pilot Study". J Child Neurol 2021; 36:243-244. [PMID: 32985304 DOI: 10.1177/0883073820960986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Prateek Kumar Panda
- Pediatric Neurology Division, Department of Pediatrics, 442339All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Indar Kumar Sharawat
- Pediatric Neurology Division, Department of Pediatrics, 442339All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India
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Botelho ECM, Botelho ERS, Rodrigues LCDS, Wanderley TP, Queiroz FN, Borges PCG, Cruz SARAX, Silva JPD, Sá LBCD, Arbex AK. Adrenal Insufficiency by Adrenoleukodystrophy. Health (London) 2020. [DOI: 10.4236/health.2020.121001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Tran C, Patel J, Stacy H, Mamak EG, Faghfoury H, Raiman J, Clarke JTR, Blaser S, Mercimek-Mahmutoglu S. Long-term outcome of patients with X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy: A retrospective cohort study. Eur J Paediatr Neurol 2017; 21:600-609. [PMID: 28274546 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpn.2017.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2016] [Revised: 01/30/2017] [Accepted: 02/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy (X-ALD) is a peroxisomal disorder associated with leukodystrophy, myeloneuropathy and adrenocortical insufficiency. We performed a retrospective cohort study to evaluate long-term outcome of patients with X-ALD. METHOD All patients with X-ALD diagnosed between 1989 and 2012 were included. Electronic patient charts were reviewed for clinical features, biochemical investigations, molecular genetic testing, neuroimaging, long-term outcome and treatment. RESULTS Forty-eight patients from 18 unrelated families were included (15 females; 33 males). Seventeen patients were symptomatic at the time of the biochemical diagnosis including 14 with neurocognitive dysfunction and 3 with Addison disease only. Thirty-one asymptomatic individuals were identified by positive family history of X-ALD. During follow-up, eight individuals developed childhood cerebral X-ALD (CCALD), one individual developed adrenomyeloneuropathy (AMN), six individuals developed Addison disease only, and five individuals remained asymptomatic. Direct sequencing of ABCD1 confirmed the genetic diagnosis in 29 individuals. Seven patients with CCALD underwent hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Nine patients lost the follow-up. There was no correlation between clinical severity score, Loes score and elevated degree of elevated very long chain fatty acid (VLCFA) levels in CCALD. CONCLUSION Our study reports forty-eight new patients with X-ALD and their long-term outcome. Only 35% of the patients presented with neurological features or Addison disease. The remaining individuals were identified due to positive family history. Close monitoring of asymptomatic males resulted in early HSCT to prevent progressive lethal neurodegenerative disease. Identification of patients with X-ALD is important to improve neurodevelopmental outcome of asymptomatic males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christel Tran
- Division of Clinical and Metabolic Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, University of Toronto, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada; Division of Genetic Medicine, Center for Molecular Diseases, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland; Service of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Jaina Patel
- Division of Clinical and Metabolic Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, University of Toronto, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
| | - Hewson Stacy
- Division of Clinical and Metabolic Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, University of Toronto, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
| | - Eva G Mamak
- Department of Psychology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Canada
| | - Hanna Faghfoury
- The Fred A Litwin and Family Centre in Genetic Medicine, University Health Network and Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - Julian Raiman
- Division of Clinical and Metabolic Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, University of Toronto, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
| | - Joe T R Clarke
- Division of Clinical and Metabolic Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, University of Toronto, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
| | - Susan Blaser
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
| | - Saadet Mercimek-Mahmutoglu
- Division of Clinical and Metabolic Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, University of Toronto, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada; Genetics and Genome Biology, Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
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Agnollitto PM, Chu MWK, Simão MN, Nogueira-Barbosa MH. Sciatic neuropathy: findings on magnetic resonance neurography. Radiol Bras 2017; 50:190-196. [PMID: 28670031 PMCID: PMC5487234 DOI: 10.1590/0100-3984.2015.0205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Injuries of the sciatic nerve are common causes of pain and limitation in the
lower limbs. Due to its particular anatomy and its long course, the sciatic
nerve is often involved in diseases of the pelvis or leg. In recent years,
magnetic resonance neurography has become established as an important tool for
the study of peripheral nerves and can be widely applied to the study of the
sciatic nerve. Therefore, detailed knowledge of its anatomy and of the most
prevalent diseases affecting it is essential to maximizing the accuracy of
diagnostic imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo Moraes Agnollitto
- MD, Attending Physician in the Division of Radiology of the Department of Clinical Medicine at Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Marcelo Novelino Simão
- PhD, Attending Physician in the Division of Radiology of the Department of Clinical Medicine at Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcello Henrique Nogueira-Barbosa
- Tenured Associate Professor in the Division of Radiology of the Department of Clinical Medicine at Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
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Ribeiro BNDF, Lima GDA, Ventura N, Gasparetto EL, Marchiori E. Chronic kernicterus: magnetic resonance imaging findings. Radiol Bras 2016; 49:407-408. [PMID: 28057969 PMCID: PMC5210039 DOI: 10.1590/0100-3984.2015.0190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Nina Ventura
- Instituto Estadual do Cérebro Paulo Niemeyer, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | | | - Edson Marchiori
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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Ribeiro BNDF, Salata TM, Borges RS, Marchiori E. Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome following immunoglobulin therapy in a patient with Miller-Fisher syndrome. Radiol Bras 2016; 49:58-9. [PMID: 26929465 PMCID: PMC4770401 DOI: 10.1590/0100-3984.2015.0129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Tiago Medina Salata
- Hospital Casa de Portugal / 3D Diagnóstico por Imagem, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | | | - Edson Marchiori
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Schwingel
- MDs, Residents, Department of Radiology and Imaging Diagnosis, Faculdade
de Ciências Médicas da Universidade Estadual de Campinas (FCM-Unicamp),
Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Stenio Bruno Leal Duarte
- MDs, Residents, Department of Radiology and Imaging Diagnosis, Faculdade
de Ciências Médicas da Universidade Estadual de Campinas (FCM-Unicamp),
Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Mariana Mari Oshima
- MDs, Residents, Department of Radiology and Imaging Diagnosis, Faculdade
de Ciências Médicas da Universidade Estadual de Campinas (FCM-Unicamp),
Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - João Vitor do Amaral Mesquita
- MDs, Residents, Department of Radiology and Imaging Diagnosis, Faculdade
de Ciências Médicas da Universidade Estadual de Campinas (FCM-Unicamp),
Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Fabiano Reis
- PhD, Teacher Responsible for the Division of Neuroradiology, Professor
at Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Universidade Estadual de Campinas
(FCM-Unicamp), Campinas, SP, Brazil
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