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Hasosah M, Al Sarkhy A, AlQuiar K, AlMuslami I, AlAhmadi N, Almehaidib A, AlShahrani A, Alanazi A, Khan M, Aljohani A, Alanazi S, Alhassan T, AlNaqeeb A, Hameedaldeen M, Albalawi S, Abdulmenem S, Almehaidib I, Qurashi M. Prevalence of functional gastrointestinal disorders in Saudi infants and toddlers: A cross-sectional multicenter study. Saudi J Gastroenterol 2024; 30:145-153. [PMID: 38059377 PMCID: PMC11198919 DOI: 10.4103/sjg.sjg_259_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) are common pediatric problems, but their prevalence in Saudi Arabia is unknown. We aimed to assess the prevalence of FGIDs and risk factors among children in six regions of Saudi Arabia. METHODS This was a cross-sectional multicenter study enrolling children aged 0-48 months, attending pediatric clinics. Questionnaires evaluated the clinical history, symptoms, and sociodemographic information. FGIDs were defined according to Rome IV criteria. RESULTS The study involved 1011 infants and toddlers (mean [standard deviation (SD)] aged, 21.7 [19.4] months; FGIDs and mean [SD] age 17.4 [16.4] months; controls). FGIDs were diagnosed in 483 (47.7%) of all infants and toddlers. The prevalence of FGIDs was significantly higher in children aged 0-12 months than in those aged 13-48 months ( P < 0.001). The most common disorders were functional regurgitation (13.8%) in infants and functional constipation (9.6%) in toddlers. Univariate regression analysis confirmed that the rate of FGIDs was higher in term gestational age infants (odds ratio (OR) 2.7; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.76-4.17, P < 0.001), in partial breastfeeding (OR 0.58; 95% CI, 0.40-0.84, P = 0.003), in formula feeding (OR 2.25; 95% CI, 1.51-3.35, P < 0.001), and in subjects with no history of food allergy (OR 2.40; 95% CI, 1.58-3.64, P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS FGIDs are common in Saudi infants and toddlers (47.7%). Regurgitation is most prevalent in infants, and functional constipation is most common in toddlers. Term gestational age infant, partial breastfeeding, formula feeding, and subjects with no history of food allergy are associated with the prevalence of FGIDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Hasosah
- Pediatric Gastroenterology Department, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), National Guard Hospital, Jeddah, KSA
| | - Ahmed Al Sarkhy
- Pediatric Gastroenterology Unit, King Saud University Medical City, King Saud University, Riyadh, KSA
| | - Khalid AlQuiar
- Pediatric Gastroenterology, King Salman Armed Forces Hospital, Tabouk, KSA
| | | | - Najat AlAhmadi
- Pediatric Gastroenterology, Maternal Children Hospital, Almadinah Almonawarah, KSA
| | - Ali Almehaidib
- Pediatric Gastroenterology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, KSA
| | - Adel AlShahrani
- Pediatric Gastroenterology, Maternal Children Hospital, Khamis Mushait, KSA
| | - Aziz Alanazi
- Pediatric Gastroenterology, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), National Guard Hospital, Riyadh, KSA
| | - Muhammad Khan
- Pediatric Gastroenterology Department, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), National Guard Hospital, Jeddah, KSA
| | - Abrar Aljohani
- Pediatric Gastroenterology Department, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), National Guard Hospital, Jeddah, KSA
| | - Saqqar Alanazi
- Pediatric Gastroenterology, King Salman Armed Forces Hospital, Tabouk, KSA
| | - Tariq Alhassan
- Pediatric Gastroenterology Unit, King Saud University Medical City, King Saud University, Riyadh, KSA
| | - Ahlam AlNaqeeb
- Pediatric Gastroenterology Unit, King Saud University Medical City, King Saud University, Riyadh, KSA
| | - Marwah Hameedaldeen
- Pediatric Gastroenterology Department, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), National Guard Hospital, Jeddah, KSA
| | - Sanabil Albalawi
- Pediatric Gastroenterology, King Salman Armed Forces Hospital, Tabouk, KSA
| | - Safa Abdulmenem
- Pediatric Gastroenterology, Maternal Children Hospital, Dammam, KSA
| | - Ibrahim Almehaidib
- Department of Internal Medicine, Imam Mohammed Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, KSA
| | - Mansour Qurashi
- Neonatology Department, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), National Guard Hospital, Jeddah, KSA
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Aydemir Y, Aydemir O, Dinleyici M, Saglik AC, Cam D, Kaya TB, Canpolat FE. Screening for functional gastrointestinal disorders in preterm infants up to 12 months of corrected age: a prospective cohort study. Eur J Pediatr 2024; 183:2091-2099. [PMID: 38347262 PMCID: PMC11035472 DOI: 10.1007/s00431-024-05451-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) are characterized by a variety of symptoms that are frequently age-dependent, chronic, or recurrent and are not explained by structural or biochemical abnormalities. There are studies in the literature reporting different results regarding the relationship between prematurity and FGIDs. The main objective of this study was to compare the frequency of FGIDs between preterm and term infants. The secondary objective was to evaluate whether there was any association between neonatal characteristics and development of FGIDs. A multicenter prospective cohort study that included preterm infants born before 37 weeks of gestation and healthy term infants was carried out. At 1, 2, 4, 6, 9, and 12 months of age, infants were assessed for the presence of FGIDs using the Rome IV criteria. In preterm infants, an additional follow-up visit was made at 12 months corrected age. 134 preterm and 104 term infants were enrolled in the study. Infantile colic, rumination syndrome, functional constipation, and infant dyschezia were more common in preterm infants. Incidence of other FGIDs (infant regurgitation, functional diarrhea and cyclic vomiting syndrome) were similar among preterm and term infants. Preterm infants who are exclusively breastfeed in the first 6 months of life have a lower incidence of infantile colic (18.8% vs 52.1%, p = 0.025). In terms of chronological age, FGIDs symptoms started later in preterm infants; this difference was statistically significant for infantile colic and regurgitation (median age 2 months vs 1 month, p < 0.001). Conclusions: Preterm infants have a higher prevalence of FGIDs compared with term controls. Therefore, especially if they have gastrointestinal complaints, they should be screened for FGIDs. Possibly due to maturational differences, the time of occurrence of FGIDs may differ in preterm infants. Infantile colic incidence decreases with exclusive breastfeeding. What is Known: • The functional gastrointestinal disorders are a very common in infancy. • Data on preterm infants with FGIDs are currently very limited. What is New: • Preterm infants have a higher incidence of infantile colic, rumination syndrome, functional constipation and infant dyschezia when compared to term infants. • Preterm infants who are exclusively breastfed during the first 6 months of life experience a lower incidence of infantile colic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuf Aydemir
- Faculty of Medicine Department of Pediatrics, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Meselik, 26040, Eskisehir, Turkey.
| | - Ozge Aydemir
- Faculty of Medicine Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Meltem Dinleyici
- Faculty of Medicine Department of Pediatrics, Division of Social Pediatrics, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Adviye Cakil Saglik
- Faculty of Medicine Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Demet Cam
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Dr. Zekai Tahir Burak Womens Health Research and Education Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Tugba Barsan Kaya
- Faculty of Medicine Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Fuat Emre Canpolat
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, University of Health Science Ankara Bilkent City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
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