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Lachowicz-Wolak A, Klimowicz-Bodys MD, Płoneczka-Janeczko K, Bednarski M, Dyba K, Knap P, Rypuła K. Simultaneous Presence of Antibodies against Five Respiratory Pathogens in Unvaccinated Dairy Calves from South-Western Poland. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:2520. [PMID: 39272307 PMCID: PMC11394128 DOI: 10.3390/ani14172520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2024] [Revised: 08/25/2024] [Accepted: 08/28/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Bovine Respiratory Disease (BRD) poses a significant threat to cattle welfare worldwide, affecting their respiratory system and causing substantial economic losses. BRD is multifactorial in nature. This research aimed to investigate the serological profile of calves for the five main bovine respiratory pathogens. Serum samples were collected from dairy calves aged 7-12 months that had never been vaccinated against tested pathogens and had recently shown signs of BRD. A total of 4095 calves from 650 dairy herds located in south-western Poland were examined. The Commercial Indirect Respiratory ELISA Kit Multiplexed-Double well-BIO K 284/5 (Bio-X Diagnostics, Rochefort, Belgium) was used to determine the presence of antibodies against BVDV, BoAHV1, BRSV, BPIV3, and M. bovis. The presence of antibodies against at least one of the tested pathogens was found in 306 (47.08%) herds. The overall prevalence of antibodies was as follows: BoAHV1 21.54%, BVDV 32.0%, BRSV 34.15%, BPIV3 34.31%, and M. bovis 31.38%. The strongest correlation was between BRSV antibodies positive sera and BPIV3 antibodies positive sera. Among the five pathogens tested, antibodies to BVDV, BRSV, BPIV3, and M. bovis were most commonly detected simultaneously. The results of this study indicate the need for preventive measures against these pathogens in the studied region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Lachowicz-Wolak
- Division of Infectious Diseases of Animals and Veterinary Administration, Department of Epizootiology and Clinic of Birds and Exotic Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, pl. Grunwaldzki 45, 50-366 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Małgorzata D Klimowicz-Bodys
- Division of Infectious Diseases of Animals and Veterinary Administration, Department of Epizootiology and Clinic of Birds and Exotic Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, pl. Grunwaldzki 45, 50-366 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Płoneczka-Janeczko
- Division of Infectious Diseases of Animals and Veterinary Administration, Department of Epizootiology and Clinic of Birds and Exotic Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, pl. Grunwaldzki 45, 50-366 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Michał Bednarski
- Division of Infectious Diseases of Animals and Veterinary Administration, Department of Epizootiology and Clinic of Birds and Exotic Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, pl. Grunwaldzki 45, 50-366 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Kamil Dyba
- Department of Applied Mathematics, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, pl. Grunwaldzki 45, 50-366 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Knap
- "Epi-Vet" Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, pl. Grunwaldzki 45, 50-366 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Rypuła
- Division of Infectious Diseases of Animals and Veterinary Administration, Department of Epizootiology and Clinic of Birds and Exotic Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, pl. Grunwaldzki 45, 50-366 Wroclaw, Poland
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Yoshitani GD, Camilo SLO, Fritzen JTT, Oliveira MV, Lorenzetti E, Lisbôa JAN, Alfieri AF, Alfieri AA. Serological Profile for Major Respiratory Viruses in Unvaccinated Cows from High-Yielding Dairy Herds. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:1256. [PMID: 38731260 PMCID: PMC11083270 DOI: 10.3390/ani14091256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aims to determine the serological profile of high-yielding dairy cows for four main viruses (bovine alphaherpesvirus 1 (BoAHV1), bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV), bovine parainfluenza virus 3 (BPIV3), and bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV)) related to bovine respiratory disease (BRD) in cattle herds worldwide. In this survey, 497 blood serum samples were collected from non-vaccinated dairy cows without clinical respiratory signs in 39 herds in the central-eastern mesoregion of Paraná State, South Brazil. The presence of neutralizing antibodies was determined by virus neutralization (VN) tests. VN antibodies against BoAHV1, BVDV, BPIV3, and BRSV were detected in 355 (71.4%), 280 (56.3%), 481 (96.8%), and 315 (63.4%) serum samples, respectively. The frequencies of seropositive herds for BoAHV1, BVDV, BPIV3, and BRSV were 79.5 (n = 31), 82.0 (n = 32), 100 (n = 39), and 84.6% (n = 33), respectively. The frequencies of seropositive cows varied according to the type of herd management and the number of cows in the herd. The detection of VN antibodies in unvaccinated dairy cattle herds demonstrated the endemic circulation of the four viruses in the herds evaluated. For BRD prevention, it is recommended to implement a vaccination program for cows that provides passive immunity in calves and active immunity in cows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geovana Depieri Yoshitani
- Laboratory of Animal Virology, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, PR, Brazil; (G.D.Y.); (J.T.T.F.); (M.V.O.); (E.L.); (A.F.A.)
| | - Stefany Lia Oliveira Camilo
- Departament of Veterinary Clinics, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, PR, Brazil; (S.L.O.C.); (J.A.N.L.)
| | - Juliana Torres Tomazi Fritzen
- Laboratory of Animal Virology, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, PR, Brazil; (G.D.Y.); (J.T.T.F.); (M.V.O.); (E.L.); (A.F.A.)
| | - Marcos Vinicius Oliveira
- Laboratory of Animal Virology, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, PR, Brazil; (G.D.Y.); (J.T.T.F.); (M.V.O.); (E.L.); (A.F.A.)
| | - Elis Lorenzetti
- Laboratory of Animal Virology, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, PR, Brazil; (G.D.Y.); (J.T.T.F.); (M.V.O.); (E.L.); (A.F.A.)
- Post Graduate Program in Animal Health and Production, Universidade Pitágoras Unopar Anhanguera, Arapongas 86702-670, PR, Brazil
| | - Julio Augusto Naylor Lisbôa
- Departament of Veterinary Clinics, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, PR, Brazil; (S.L.O.C.); (J.A.N.L.)
| | - Alice Fernandes Alfieri
- Laboratory of Animal Virology, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, PR, Brazil; (G.D.Y.); (J.T.T.F.); (M.V.O.); (E.L.); (A.F.A.)
- Multi-User Animal Health Laboratory, Molecular Biology Unit, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, PR, Brazil
| | - Amauri Alcindo Alfieri
- Laboratory of Animal Virology, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, PR, Brazil; (G.D.Y.); (J.T.T.F.); (M.V.O.); (E.L.); (A.F.A.)
- Multi-User Animal Health Laboratory, Molecular Biology Unit, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, PR, Brazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology for Dairy Production Chain (INCT–LEITE), Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, PR, Brazil
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Chicoski LM, Fritzen JTT, Lorenzetti E, da Costa AR, Moro E, de Carvalho ER, Alfieri AF, Alfieri AA. Serological profile of respiratory viruses in unvaccinated steers upon their arrival at Brazilian feedlot facilities. Braz J Microbiol 2023; 54:3237-3244. [PMID: 37700145 PMCID: PMC10689696 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-023-01122-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV), bovine alphaherpesvirus 1 (BoAHV1), bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV), and bovine parainfluenza virus 3 (BPIV-3) are involved in bovine respiratory disease. These viruses can infect the respiratory system and cause considerable economic losses to beef and dairy cattle herds. This study aimed to determine the serological profiles of steers for BVDV, BoAHV1, BRSV, and BPIV-3 upon their arrival at Brazilian feedlot facilities. A total of 1,282 serum samples from unvaccinated steers were obtained on the first day of feeding. Samples were collected from 31 beef cattle herds reared in an extensive rearing system in six Brazilian states. Antibodies against BVDV, BoAHV1, BRSV, and BPIV-3 were detected using a virus neutralization test. The steers were distributed in agreement with their age and the Brazilian state of origin. The highest seropositivity was for BoAHV1 and BPIV-3 at 92.1% (1,154/1,253) and 86.6% (1,100/1,270), respectively. The seropositivity of BRSV was 77.1% (959/1,244). BVDV presented a lower rate, at slightly more than 50% (51.8%; 656/1,266). Age was a risk factor for the presence of antibodies against BVDV, BoAHV1, and BPIV-3 but not BRSV. A positive correlation was identified between BoAHV1 and BPIV-3 (P = 0.85) and between BRSV and BPIV-3 (P = 0.47). The high rate of seropositive steers for these four respiratory viruses on the first day of confinement identified in this serological survey provides important epidemiological information on respiratory infections, as the seropositivity of the four main bovine respiratory viruses in Brazilian beef cattle herds in an extensive rearing system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa Melo Chicoski
- Laboratory of Animal Virology, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Celso Garcia Cid Road, PR455 Km 380, PO Box 10011, Londrina, Paraná, 86057-970, Brazil
| | - Juliana Torres Tomazi Fritzen
- Laboratory of Animal Virology, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Celso Garcia Cid Road, PR455 Km 380, PO Box 10011, Londrina, Paraná, 86057-970, Brazil
| | - Elis Lorenzetti
- Laboratory of Animal Virology, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Celso Garcia Cid Road, PR455 Km 380, PO Box 10011, Londrina, Paraná, 86057-970, Brazil
- Post Graduate Program in Animal Health and Production, Universidade Pitágoras Unopar Anhanguera, Arapongas, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Arthur Roberto da Costa
- Laboratory of Animal Bacteriology, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Elio Moro
- Zoetis, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Alice Fernandes Alfieri
- Laboratory of Animal Virology, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Celso Garcia Cid Road, PR455 Km 380, PO Box 10011, Londrina, Paraná, 86057-970, Brazil
- Multi-User Animal Health Laboratory, Molecular Biology Unit, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Amauri Alcindo Alfieri
- Laboratory of Animal Virology, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Celso Garcia Cid Road, PR455 Km 380, PO Box 10011, Londrina, Paraná, 86057-970, Brazil.
- Multi-User Animal Health Laboratory, Molecular Biology Unit, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil.
- National Institute of Science and Technology for Dairy Production Chain (INCT-LEITE), Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Brazil.
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McGinley J, Thwaites R, Brebner W, Greenan-Barrett L, Aerssens J, Öner D, Bont L, Wildenbeest J, Martinón-Torres F, Nair H, Pollard AJ, Openshaw P, Drysdale S. A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Animal Studies Investigating the Relationship Between Serum Antibody, T Lymphocytes, and Respiratory Syncytial Virus Disease. J Infect Dis 2021; 226:S117-S129. [PMID: 34522970 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiab370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infections occur in human populations around the globe, causing disease of variable severity, disproportionately affecting infants and older adults (>65 years of age). Immune responses can be protective but also contribute to disease. Experimental studies in animals enable detailed investigation of immune responses, provide insights into clinical questions, and accelerate the development of passive and active vaccination. We aimed to review the role of antibody and T-cell responses in relation to RSV disease severity in animals. METHODS Systematic review and meta-analysis of animal studies examining the association between T-cell responses/phenotype or antibody titers and severity of RSV disease. The PubMed, Zoological Record, and Embase databases were screened from January 1980 to May 2018 to identify animal studies of RSV infection that assessed serum antibody titer or T lymphocytes with disease severity as an outcome. Sixty-three studies were included in the final review. RESULTS RSV-specific antibody appears to protect from disease in mice, but such an effect was less evident in bovine RSV. Strong T-cell, Th1, Th2, Th17, CD4/CD8 responses, and weak Treg responses accompany severe disease in mice. CONCLUSIONS Murine studies suggest that measures of T-lymphocyte activity (particularly CD4 and CD8 T cells) may be predictive biomarkers of severity. Further inquiry is merited to validate these results and assess relevance as biomarkers for human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph McGinley
- Oxford Vaccine Group, Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | | | - Will Brebner
- Oxford Vaccine Group, Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | | | - Jeroen Aerssens
- Biomarkers Infectious Diseases, Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Beerse, Belgium
| | - Deniz Öner
- Biomarkers Infectious Diseases, Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Beerse, Belgium
| | - Louis Bont
- Department of Paediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Joanne Wildenbeest
- Department of Paediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Harish Nair
- University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew J Pollard
- Oxford Vaccine Group, Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | | | - Simon Drysdale
- Oxford Vaccine Group, Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.,Paediatric Infectious Diseases Unit, St George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom.,Paediatric Infectious Diseases Research Group, Institute for Infection and Immunity, St George's, University of London, London, United Kingdom
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Oliveira TES, Scuisato GS, Pelaquim IF, Cunha CW, Cunha LS, Flores EF, Pretto-Giordano LG, Lisbôa JAN, Alfieri AA, Saut JPE, Jorge da Cunha PH, Headley SA. The Participation of a Malignant Catarrhal Fever Virus and Mycoplasma bovis in the Development of Single and Mixed Infections in Beef and Dairy Cattle With Bovine Respiratory Disease. Front Vet Sci 2021; 8:691448. [PMID: 34368279 PMCID: PMC8339727 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.691448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The bovine respiratory disease (BRD) complex is a multietiological and multifactorial disease associated with a wide range of viral and bacterial pathogens. This study evaluated the contribution of specific infectious disease agents in the development of BRD in cattle from Brazil and determined if a virus within the malignant catarrhal fever virus (MCFV) group and Mycoplasma bovis, acting individually or in conjunction, can be associated with the development of BRD. Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded pulmonary sections were used in immunohistochemical assays to determine the intralesional presence of six antigens associated with BRD: bovine alphaherpesvirus 1 (BoHV-1), bovine parainfluenza virus 3 (BPIV-3), bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV), bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV), MCFV, and M. bovis. Pneumonia was diagnosed in 82.7% (120/145) of all cattle evaluated. Interstitial pneumonia (60%, 72/120) and suppurative bronchopneumonia (25.8%, 31/120) were the most frequent patterns of pneumonia identified. Intralesional antigens of MCFV (53.3%, 64/120) were the most frequently associated with BRD, followed by M. bovis (47.5%, 57/120), BVDV (42.5%, 51/120), BoHV-1 (28.3%, 34/120), BRSV (24.2%, 29/120), and BPIV-3 (8.3%, 10/120). Additionally, antigens of BVDV, MCFV, and M. bovis were the most frequently identified agents associated with singular and concomitant infections. The MCFV identified during this study is more likely to be ovine gammaherpesvirus 2 (OvHV-2), since OvHV-2 is the only MCFV identified within the geographical region of this study. Interstitial pneumonia with proliferative vascular lesions may be a useful histologic feature to differentiate MCFV-induced pneumonia from other viral pneumonias of cattle. These results demonstrate that MCFV and M. bovis, in single or mixed infections, can produce pneumonia in cattle and should therefore be considered as primary agents in the development of BRD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thalita Evani Silva Oliveira
- Laboratory of Animal Pathology, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
- National Institutes of Science and Technology, Dairy Production Chain (INCT-Leite), Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Sanches Scuisato
- Laboratory of Animal Pathology, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Isadora Fernanda Pelaquim
- Laboratory of Animal Pathology, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Cristina Wetzel Cunha
- Animal Disease Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Pullman, WA, United States
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Pathology and Paul G. Alan School for Global Animal Health, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, United States
| | - Lucas Santana Cunha
- Department of Statistics, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Furtado Flores
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Lucienne Garcia Pretto-Giordano
- Laboratory of Veterinary Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Júlio Augusto Naylor Lisbôa
- National Institutes of Science and Technology, Dairy Production Chain (INCT-Leite), Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
- Large Animal Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinics, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Amauri Alcindo Alfieri
- National Institutes of Science and Technology, Dairy Production Chain (INCT-Leite), Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
- Laboratory of Animal Virology, Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - João Paulo Elsen Saut
- Large Animal Health Laboratory, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil
| | | | - Selwyn Arlington Headley
- Laboratory of Animal Pathology, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
- National Institutes of Science and Technology, Dairy Production Chain (INCT-Leite), Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biociência Animal, Universidade de Cuiabá, Cuiabá, Brazil
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Castro MM, Oliveira TESD, Headley SA. Bovine respiratory disease in Brasil: a short review. SEMINA: CIÊNCIAS AGRÁRIAS 2021:2081-2110. [DOI: 10.5433/1679-0359.2021v42n3supl1p2081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
The bovine respiratory disease (BRD) complex is a multifactorial and multietiological disease entity described in all geographic regions of Brazil. This brief review discusses aspects related to epidemiology, etiologic agents, clinical and pathological manifestations, and challenges in the diagnosis of BRD in Brazil. The main infectious disease agents associated with respiratory outbreaks in cattle from Brazil are bovine alphaherpesvirus type 1, bovine viral diarrhea virus, bovine respiratory syncytial virus, and Mycoplasma bovis. Ovine gammaherpesvirus-2 and HoBi-like pestivirus have been associated with the development of pneumonia in adult cattle and calves, respectively in Brazil, and should be considered as possible causes of BRD. Additionally, studies using epidemiological data, histopathological and molecular associations with morbidity and mortality should be carried out in Brazil, to demonstrate the real impacts of BRD on livestock.
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Hoppe IBAL, Souza-Pollo AD, Medeiros ASRD, Samara SI, Carvalho AAB. HoBi-like pestivirus infection in an outbreak of bovine respiratory disease. Res Vet Sci 2019; 126:184-191. [PMID: 31539795 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2019.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Revised: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
HoBi-like is an emerging pestivirus of the family Flaviviridae detected in cattle herds and biological products of bovine origin in many parts of the world, causing disease similar to that observed in bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) infections. In this study we reported the detection of HoBi-like pestivirus in an outbreak of respiratory disease in calves from Brazil, seropositive for viruses of the bovine respiratory disease complex (BRDC). Thus, serum samples and nasal swabs were collected from calves up to one year old, presenting or not clinical signs of respiratory disease. Serum samples were submitted to virus neutralization test (VNT) for BVDV-1, BVDV-2, bovine herpesvirus-1 (BoHV-1), bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV) and bovine parainfluenza-3 (BPIV-3). These samples were also tested for the presence of pestiviruses (BVDV-1, BVDV-2 and HoBi-like) and BoHV-1 by RT-PCR and PCR, respectively. Nasal swabs were analyzed by RT-PCR for pestiviruses, BRSV and BPIV-3. VNT results showed high serological prevalence and a wide range of antibodies titers, for all viruses studied, in calves of different age groups. The RT-PCR amplified the 5'UTR and E2 regions of pestiviruses of four calves, from both nasal swabs and serum samples, which sequencing identified the HoBi-like pestivirus. This is the first detection of HoBi-like in nasal secretions of calves in an outbreak of respiratory disease in Brazil, along with the serological detection of other respiratory viruses. We concluded that HoBi-like pestivirus should be considered as part of the BRDC, as a differential diagnosis, to take correct measures of control and prophylaxis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid Bortolin Affonso Lux Hoppe
- Universidade Estadual Paulista - Unesp, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva e Reprodução Animal, Via de Acesso Professor Paulo Donato Castellane, s/n°, CEP: 14.884-900 Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Andressa de Souza-Pollo
- Universidade Estadual Paulista - Unesp, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva e Reprodução Animal, Via de Acesso Professor Paulo Donato Castellane, s/n°, CEP: 14.884-900 Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Andréa Souza Ramos de Medeiros
- Universidade Estadual Paulista - Unesp, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva e Reprodução Animal, Via de Acesso Professor Paulo Donato Castellane, s/n°, CEP: 14.884-900 Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Samir Issa Samara
- Universidade Estadual Paulista - Unesp, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva e Reprodução Animal, Via de Acesso Professor Paulo Donato Castellane, s/n°, CEP: 14.884-900 Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Adolorata Aparecida Bianco Carvalho
- Universidade Estadual Paulista - Unesp, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva e Reprodução Animal, Via de Acesso Professor Paulo Donato Castellane, s/n°, CEP: 14.884-900 Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
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