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Nyberg L. Longitudinal data are crucial for identifying superagers. AGING BRAIN 2024; 5:100118. [PMID: 38948445 PMCID: PMC11211231 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbas.2024.100118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/02/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Lars Nyberg
- Department of Diagnostics and Intervention, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Department of Medical and Translational Biology,Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging (UFBI), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Center for LifespanChanges in Brain and Cognition, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Health, Education and Technology, Luleå Universityof Technology, Luleå, Sweden
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Islam MA, Sehar U, Sultana OF, Mukherjee U, Brownell M, Kshirsagar S, Reddy PH. SuperAgers and centenarians, dynamics of healthy ageing with cognitive resilience. Mech Ageing Dev 2024; 219:111936. [PMID: 38657874 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2024.111936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Graceful healthy ageing and extended longevity is the most desired goal for human race. The process of ageing is inevitable and has a profound impact on the gradual deterioration of our physiology and health since it triggers the onset of many chronic conditions like dementia, osteoporosis, diabetes, arthritis, cancer, and cardiovascular disease. However, some people who lived/live more than 100 years called 'Centenarians" and how do they achieve their extended lifespans are not completely understood. Studying these unknown factors of longevity is important not only to establish a longer human lifespan but also to manage and treat people with shortened lifespans suffering from age-related morbidities. Furthermore, older adults who maintain strong cognitive function are referred to as "SuperAgers" and may be resistant to risk factors linked to cognitive decline. Investigating the mechanisms underlying their cognitive resilience may contribute to the development of therapeutic strategies that support the preservation of cognitive function as people age. The key to a long, physically, and cognitively healthy life has been a mystery to scientists for ages. Developments in the medical sciences helps us to a better understanding of human physiological function and greater access to medical care has led us to an increase in life expectancy. Moreover, inheriting favorable genetic traits and adopting a healthy lifestyle play pivotal roles in promoting longer and healthier lives. Engaging in regular physical activity, maintaining a balanced diet, and avoiding harmful habits such as smoking contribute to overall well-being. The synergy between positive lifestyle choices, access to education, socio-economic factors, environmental determinants and genetic supremacy enhances the potential for a longer and healthier life. Our article aims to examine the factors associated with healthy ageing, particularly focusing on cognitive health in centenarians. We will also be discussing different aspects of ageing including genomic instability, metabolic burden, oxidative stress and inflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, cellular senescence, immunosenescence, and sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Ariful Islam
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Ujala Sehar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Omme Fatema Sultana
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Upasana Mukherjee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Malcolm Brownell
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Sudhir Kshirsagar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - P Hemachandra Reddy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA; Public Health Department of Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA; Department of Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences, School Health Professions, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA; Neurology, Departments of School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA; Nutritional Sciences Department, College of Human Sciences, Texas Tech University, 1301 Akron Ave, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA.
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Alawainati M, Habib F, Ateya E, Dakheel E, Al-Buainain M. Prevalence, Characteristics and Determinants of Polypharmacy Among Elderly Patients Attending Primary Healthcare Centres in Bahrain: A cross-sectional study. Sultan Qaboos Univ Med J 2024; 24:63-69. [PMID: 38434473 PMCID: PMC10906769 DOI: 10.18295/squmj.9.2023.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Revised: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives This study aimed to determine the prevalence, characteristics and determinants of polypharmacy among elderly patients in Bahrain. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted between March and April 2022 in all primary healthcare centres in Bahrain. A simple random sample was obtained. An elderly patient was defined as one aged ≥60 years and polypharmacy was defined as the concomitant use of 5 or more medications, with excessive polypharmacy defined as the concomitant use of 10 or more medications. Results A total of 977 patients were included, with more than half of them being females (n = 533, 54.55%) and the mean age of the participants at 67.90 ± 6.87 years. Essential hypertension, hyperlipidaemia and diabetes mellitus were the most common comorbidities among the participants (61.51%, 57.63% and 53.22%, respectively). Among the cohort, 443 (45.34%) were on 5 or more medications and of those 66 (6.76%) were on at least 10 medications. A multivariate analysis revealed that patients with diabetes (odds ratio [OR] = 5.836, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 4.061-8.385; P <0.001), hypertension (OR = 6.231, 95% CI: 4.235-9.168; P <0.001), hyperlipidaemia (OR = 3.999, 95% CI: 2.756-5.802; P <0.001), cardiovascular diseases (OR = 3.589, 95% CI: 1.787-7.205; P <0.001) and asthma (OR = 3.148, 95% CI: 1.646-6.019; P <0.001) were significantly more likely to suffer from polypharmacy. Conclusion Polypharmacy is prevalent among elderly patients in Bahrain, particularly among those with non-communicable diseases. Polypharmacy should be considered while delivering healthcare services to the elderly, especially those with non-communicable diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmood Alawainati
- Family Medicine, Primary Healthcare Centers, Manama, Bahrain
- Family Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland - Medical University of Bahrain, Muharraq, Bahrain
| | - Fatima Habib
- Family Medicine, Primary Healthcare Centers, Manama, Bahrain
| | - Eman Ateya
- Family Medicine, Primary Healthcare Centers, Manama, Bahrain
| | - Eman Dakheel
- Family Medicine, Primary Healthcare Centers, Manama, Bahrain
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Batra R, Kumar DA, Rao A, Kaloiya GS, Khan MA, Satapathy S, Chakrawarty A, Soni N, Kumar P, Chatterjee P. Clinical and neuropsychological characterization of SuperAgers residing in Delhi and National Capital Region of India-A cross-sectional study. Aging Med (Milton) 2024; 7:67-73. [PMID: 38571668 PMCID: PMC10985767 DOI: 10.1002/agm2.12285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction SuperAgers (SA) are older adults who exhibit cognitive capacities comparable to individuals who are three or more decades younger than them. The current study aimed to identify the characteristics of Indian SA by categorizing 55 older adults into SA and Typical Older Adults (TOA) and comparing their performance with a group of 50 younger participants (YP) (aged 25-50). Methods A total of 105 participants were recruited after obtaining informed written consent. The cognitive abilities of the participants were assessed using Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS)-IVINDIA, Color Trails Test, Boston Naming Test (BNT), and Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test. Results SA outperformed TOA in all cognitive assessments (P < 0.001) and surpassed YP in BNT and WAIS-IV. SA's delayed recall scores were notably higher (12.29 ± 1.51) than TOA (6.32 ± 1.44). Conclusion SA excelled in all cognitive domains demonstrating resilience to age-related cognitive decline. This study highlights Indian SuperAgers' exceptional cognitive prowess.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ritika Batra
- Department of Geriatric MedicineAll India Institute of Medical SciencesNew DelhiIndia
| | - Deepa Anil Kumar
- Department of Geriatric MedicineAll India Institute of Medical SciencesNew DelhiIndia
| | - Abhijith Rao
- Department of Geriatric MedicineAll India Institute of Medical SciencesNew DelhiIndia
| | | | - Maroof Ahmad Khan
- Department of BiostatisticsAll India Institute of Medical SciencesNew DelhiIndia
| | - Sujata Satapathy
- Department of PsychiatryAll India Institute of Medical SciencesNew DelhiIndia
| | - Avinash Chakrawarty
- Department of Geriatric MedicineAll India Institute of Medical SciencesNew DelhiIndia
| | - Nidhi Soni
- Department of Geriatric MedicineAll India Institute of Medical SciencesNew DelhiIndia
| | - Pramod Kumar
- Department of Geriatric MedicineAll India Institute of Medical SciencesNew DelhiIndia
| | - Prasun Chatterjee
- Department of Geriatric MedicineAll India Institute of Medical SciencesNew DelhiIndia
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Powell A, Lam BCP, Foxe D, Close JCT, Sachdev PS, Brodaty H. Frequency of cognitive "super-aging" in three Australian samples using different diagnostic criteria. Int Psychogeriatr 2023:1-17. [PMID: 37997622 DOI: 10.1017/s1041610223000935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the frequency of exceptional cognition (cognitive super-aging) in Australian older adults using different published definitions, agreement between definitions, and the relationship of super-aging status with function, brain imaging markers, and incident dementia. DESIGN Three longitudinal cohort studies. SETTING Participants recruited from the electoral roll, Australian Twins Registry, and community advertisements. PARTICIPANTS Older adults (aged 65-106) without dementia from the Sydney Memory and Ageing Study (n = 1037; median age 78), Older Australian Twins Study (n = 361; median age 68), and Sydney Centenarian Study (n = 217; median age 97). MEASUREMENTS Frequency of super-aging was assessed using nine super-aging definitions based on performance on neuropsychological testing. Levels of agreement between definitions were calculated, and associations between super-aging status for each definition and functioning (Bayer ADL score), structural brain imaging measures, and incident dementia were explored. RESULTS Frequency of super-aging varied between 2.9 and 43.4 percent with more stringent definitions associated with lower frequency. Agreement between different criteria varied from poor (K = 0.04, AC1 = .24) to very good (K = 0.83, AC1 = .91) with better agreement between definitions using similar tests and cutoffs. Super-aging was associated with better functional performance (4.7-11%) and lower rates of incident dementia (hazard ratios 0.08-0.48) for most definitions. Super-aging status was associated with a lower burden of white matter hyperintensities (3.8-33.2%) for all definitions. CONCLUSIONS The frequency of super-aging is strongly affected by the demographic and neuropsychological testing parameters used. Greater consistency in defining super-aging would enable better characterization of this exceptional minority.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Powell
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, Discipline of Psychiatry & Mental Health, School of Clinical Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Ben C P Lam
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, Discipline of Psychiatry & Mental Health, School of Clinical Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - David Foxe
- Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Jacqueline C T Close
- Neuroscience Research Australia, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Clinical Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Perminder S Sachdev
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, Discipline of Psychiatry & Mental Health, School of Clinical Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Neuropsychiatric Institute, Prince of Wales Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Henry Brodaty
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, Discipline of Psychiatry & Mental Health, School of Clinical Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Gomes OV, de Souza CDF, Nicacio JM, do Carmo RF, Pereira VC, Barral-Netto M, da Costa Armstrong A. Epidemiology of chronic kidney disease in older indigenous peoples of Brazil: findings from a cross-sectional survey. Aging Clin Exp Res 2023; 35:2201-2209. [PMID: 37517045 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-023-02510-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a prevalent disease worldwide, with increasing incidence particularly in low- and middle-income countries. Indigenous communities have poorer CKD outcomes due to limited access to healthcare. They are also experiencing a shift toward a sedentary lifestyle and urbanization-related dietary changes, increasing the risk of CKD-related risk factors. AIM To determine the prevalence of CKD in older Brazilian indigenous and identify the main associated risk factors. METHODS This cross-sectional study analyzed demographic and clinical data of 229 older indigenous individuals aged 60 years and above in 2022-2023. CKD was defined as an estimated glomerular filtration rate < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 or a urinary albumin-creatinine ratio > 30 mg/g. Data were presented categorically and analyzed using the Chi-square test or Fisher's exact test. RESULTS The prevalence of CKD in the population was 26.6%, with higher prevalence in women and increasing with age. The prevalence of hypertension and diabetes was 67.7% and 24.0%, respectively, and these comorbidities were associated with CKD: hypertension (OR = 5.12; 95% CI 2.2-11.9) and diabetes (OR = 5.5; 95% CI 3.7-8.2). No association was found between the prevalence of CKD and obesity, dyslipidemia, cardiovascular disease, or smoking. DISCUSSION The study found a higher prevalence of CKD among older indigenous populations in Brazil compared to non-indigenous populations, which is exacerbated by risk factors, such as aging, hypertension, diabetes, and lifestyle changes, emphasizing the importance of early detection and intervention in these communities. CONCLUSION Older persons' indigenous individuals have a high prevalence of CKD, which is correlated with factors, such as sex, age, diabetes mellitus, and hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orlando Vieira Gomes
- Postgraduate Program in Human Ecology and Socio-Environmental Management, Bahia State University-UNEB, Juazeiro, Bahia, Brazil.
- Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Vale do São Francisco-UNIVASF, Petrolina, Pernambuco, Brazil.
| | - Carlos Dornels Freire de Souza
- Postgraduate Program in Human Ecology and Socio-Environmental Management, Bahia State University-UNEB, Juazeiro, Bahia, Brazil
- Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Vale do São Francisco-UNIVASF, Petrolina, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Jandir Mendonça Nicacio
- Postgraduate Program in Human Ecology and Socio-Environmental Management, Bahia State University-UNEB, Juazeiro, Bahia, Brazil
- Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Vale do São Francisco-UNIVASF, Petrolina, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Feliciano do Carmo
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Vale do São Francisco-UNIVASF, Petrolina, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Cardoso Pereira
- Postgraduate Program in Human Ecology and Socio-Environmental Management, Bahia State University-UNEB, Juazeiro, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Manoel Barral-Netto
- Oswaldo Cruz Foundation/Fiocruz, Institute Gonçalo Moniz, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Anderson da Costa Armstrong
- Postgraduate Program in Human Ecology and Socio-Environmental Management, Bahia State University-UNEB, Juazeiro, Bahia, Brazil
- Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Vale do São Francisco-UNIVASF, Petrolina, Pernambuco, Brazil
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Chen HF, Jiang JY, Chen MH, Lin R, Jerence SWO, Chang CH, Chou CC. Gender differences in cognitive function and its associated factors among older adults with type 2 diabetes. Geriatr Nurs 2023; 52:165-171. [PMID: 37354756 DOI: 10.1016/j.gerinurse.2023.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes is widely prevalent among older people and can influence accelerated cognitive decline. Gender-based disparities may contribute to variations in cognitive decline. This study examined gender differences in cognitive function and associated factors among older adults with diabetes. A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 318 Taiwanese older adults with type 2 diabetes. Demographic, health, and diabetes-related data were collected, and cognitive neuropsychological tests were evaluated. Compared to men, women with diabetes showed significantly poorer performance in global cognitive function and executive function. Age, years of education, sleep quality, and HbA1c were correlated with domains of cognitive function in men, whereas age, years of education, depressive symptoms, HbA1c, and duration of diabetes were associated with domains of cognitive function among women. Nurses should recognize gender differences in factors associated with cognitive function in older adults with diabetes and should develop individualized interventions to improve patients' cognitive function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua-Fen Chen
- Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan; School of Medicine and Department of Public Health, College of Medicine, Fujen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Ju Ying Jiang
- Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Hsiu Chen
- Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ming Chuang University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Rong Lin
- Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Seng Wei Ooi Jerence
- Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Huan Chang
- Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Chen Chou
- Institute of Community Health Care, College of Nursing, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Carmona KC, Resende EDPF, Guimarães HC, Machado TH, Amaral-Carvalho V, Santos ELD, Barbosa MT, Caramelli P. High performance older adults in a population-based sample with low education: Pietà study. ARQUIVOS DE NEURO-PSIQUIATRIA 2023; 81:112-118. [PMID: 36948197 PMCID: PMC10033194 DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1759760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Healthy brain aging can be defined as aging without neurological or psychiatric disorders, sustaining functional independence. In addition to the absence of disease and preserved functionality, there are individuals who stand out for their superior performance to that considered normal for their age in cognitive tests. These individuals are called "high-performance older adults" (HPOA). OBJECTIVES To investigate the presence of HPOA in an oldest-old population with low education, and if present, to investigate associations with sociodemographic, clinical, and lifestyle variables. METHODS We evaluated 132 cognitively healthy individuals from the Pietà Study, a population-based investigation with 639 participants. We used the delayed recall from the Rey Auditory-Verbal Learning Test to verify the existence of HPOA and to classify participants based on their performance. Sociodemographic, clinical, and lifestyle variables associated with HPOA were investigated. RESULTS We identified 18 individuals fulfilling HPOA criteria (age: 77.4 ± 2.6 years old; 14 women; education: 4.6 ± 3.4 years). The other participants, 114 total (age: 79.8 ± 4.5 years old; 69 women; education: 3.0 ± 2.7 years) were classified as "standard performance older adults" (SPOA). In multivariate analysis, younger age (odds ratio [OR] = 0.672; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.462-0.979; p = 0.037) and lower scores on the Geriatric Depression Scale (OR = 0.831; 95%CI: 0.688-0.989; p = 0.038) were associated with HPOA. CONCLUSIONS The present study identifies for the first time HPOA with low educational level, thereby reinforcing the existence of biological substrates related to this condition. Furthermore, the data suggest an association between younger age and less depressive symptoms with HPOA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karoline Carvalho Carmona
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Departamento de Clínica Médica, Faculdade de Medicina, Grupo de Pesquisa em Neurologia Comportamental e Cognitiva, Belo Horizonte MG, Brazil
- Faculdade de Ciências Médicas de Minas Gerais, Departamento de Clínica Médica, Belo Horizonte MG, Brazil
| | - Elisa de Paula França Resende
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Departamento de Clínica Médica, Faculdade de Medicina, Grupo de Pesquisa em Neurologia Comportamental e Cognitiva, Belo Horizonte MG, Brazil
- Faculdade de Ciências Médicas de Minas Gerais, Departamento de Clínica Médica, Belo Horizonte MG, Brazil
| | - Henrique Cerqueira Guimarães
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Departamento de Clínica Médica, Faculdade de Medicina, Grupo de Pesquisa em Neurologia Comportamental e Cognitiva, Belo Horizonte MG, Brazil
- Faculdade de Ciências Médicas de Minas Gerais, Departamento de Clínica Médica, Belo Horizonte MG, Brazil
| | - Thais Helena Machado
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Departamento de Clínica Médica, Faculdade de Medicina, Grupo de Pesquisa em Neurologia Comportamental e Cognitiva, Belo Horizonte MG, Brazil
| | - Viviane Amaral-Carvalho
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Departamento de Clínica Médica, Faculdade de Medicina, Grupo de Pesquisa em Neurologia Comportamental e Cognitiva, Belo Horizonte MG, Brazil
| | - Etelvina Lucas Dos Santos
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Departamento de Clínica Médica, Faculdade de Medicina, Grupo de Pesquisa em Neurologia Comportamental e Cognitiva, Belo Horizonte MG, Brazil
| | - Maira Tonidandel Barbosa
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Departamento de Clínica Médica, Faculdade de Medicina, Grupo de Pesquisa em Neurologia Comportamental e Cognitiva, Belo Horizonte MG, Brazil
- Faculdade de Ciências Médicas de Minas Gerais, Departamento de Clínica Médica, Belo Horizonte MG, Brazil
| | - Paulo Caramelli
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Departamento de Clínica Médica, Faculdade de Medicina, Grupo de Pesquisa em Neurologia Comportamental e Cognitiva, Belo Horizonte MG, Brazil
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Stanford WC, Mucha PJ, Dayan E. A robust core architecture of functional brain networks supports topological resilience and cognitive performance in middle- and old-aged adults. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2203682119. [PMID: 36282912 PMCID: PMC9636938 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2203682119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is associated with gradual changes in cognition, yet some individuals exhibit protection against age-related cognitive decline. The topological characteristics of brain networks that promote protection against cognitive decline in aging are unknown. Here, we investigated whether the robustness and resilience of brain networks, queried via the delineation of the brain's core network structure, relate to age and cognitive performance in a cross-sectional dataset of healthy middle- and old-aged adults (n = 478, ages 40 to 90 y). First, we decomposed each subject's functional brain network using k-shell decomposition and found that age was negatively associated with robust core network structures. Next, we perturbed these networks, via attack simulations, and found that resilience of core brain network nodes also declined in relationship to age. We then partitioned our dataset into middle- (ages 40 to 65 y, n = 300) and old- (ages 65 to 90 y, n = 178) aged subjects and observed that older individuals had less robust core connectivity and resilience. Following these analyses, we found that episodic memory was positively related to robust connectivity and core resilience, particularly within the default node, limbic, and frontoparietal control networks. Importantly, we found that age-related differences in episodic memory were positively related to core resilience, which indicates a potential role for core resilience in protection against cognitive decline. Together, these findings suggest that robust core connectivity and resilience of brain networks could facilitate high cognitive performance in aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- William C. Stanford
- Biological and Biomedical Sciences Program, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514
| | - Peter J. Mucha
- Department of Mathematics, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755
| | - Eran Dayan
- Biological and Biomedical Sciences Program, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514
- Department of Radiology, Biomedical Research Imaging Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514
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Predictors of Successful Memory Aging in Older Mexican Adults. Behav Neurol 2022; 2022:9045290. [PMID: 35795033 PMCID: PMC9252847 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9045290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Research suggests a significant association between increasing age and memory impairments. Nevertheless, for some individuals, memory performance stays within or above the normative values of younger subjects. This is known as successful memory aging and is associated with specific neurophysiological features and psychological and lifestyle-related variables. To date, little is known about the association between successful memory aging and intrinsic capacity (IC) defined as “the composite of all the physical and mental (including psychosocial) capacities that an individual can draw on at any point in time” and resilience. Hence, the aim of this study was to determine if longitudinal associations between IC and successful memory aging and resilience exist and to find differences in cognitive performance between Mexican older adults with successful memory aging, older adults with average memory, and older adults with memory impairment. Methods Longitudinal data from 590 individuals from the third wave (2012) and the Mex-Cog subsample (2016) of the Mexican Health and Aging Study was analysed. Subjects were classified into 3 groups: (1) older adults with successful memory aging (SUMA), (2) older adults with average memory (AVMA), and (3) older adults with memory impairment (IMA). Cognitive domains of orientation, language, attention, constructional praxis, and executive function were evaluated. IC and resilience were measured using items from the MHAS battery. Analysis of variance and multinomial logistic regressions were used to find differences in IC and resilience across the memory aging groups. Results ANOVAs showed significant differences across the three cognitive performance groups in all cognitive domains. Multinomial logistic regression analyses revealed that respondents with higher scores in the psychological and cognitive domains of IC at baseline were more likely to have successful memory aging in the subsequent wave of the study. More resilient subjects in 2012 were not more likely to become a SUMA in 2016. However, this could be a result of the way resilience was measured. Conclusion Our main findings suggest that intrinsic capacity could be used as a predictor of successful memory aging specifically in the psychological and the cognitive domains. More longitudinal studies are needed to further examine these associations.
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Franklin GL, Meira AT, Barbosa MT, Teive HAG, Caramelli P. When My Child Has Alzheimer's Disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2021; 85:55-58. [PMID: 34776452 DOI: 10.3233/jad-215234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The significant increment in life expectancy, associated to the existence of high-performing older adults, and the appropriate diagnosis of early dementias, lead to an uncommon scenario, of healthy parents accompanying their children with Alzheimer's disease or another dementia to medical consultations. Here, we reported three peculiar clinical vignettes of patients diagnosed with a dementia, who were accompanied by healthy parents. This is a modern situation that tends to become more frequent, and must be properly discussed, since multidisciplinary care and specific training are necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo L Franklin
- Departamento de Clínica Médica, Escola de Medicina da Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Curitiba (PR), Brazil
| | - Alex T Meira
- Departamento de Medicina Interna, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa (PB), Brazil
| | - Maira Tonidandel Barbosa
- Departamento de Clínica Médica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte (MG), Brazil.,Faculdade Ciências Médicas de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte (MG), Brazil
| | - Hélio A G Teive
- Universidade Federal do Paraná, Serviço de Neurologia, Departamento de Medicina Interna, Curitiba (PR), Brazil
| | - Paulo Caramelli
- Departamento de Clínica Médica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte (MG), Brazil
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12
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Souto JJ, Silva GM, Almeida NL, Shoshina II, Santos NA, Fernandes TP. Age-related episodic memory decline and the role of amyloid-β: a systematic review. Dement Neuropsychol 2021; 15:299-313. [PMID: 34630918 PMCID: PMC8485646 DOI: 10.1590/1980-57642021dn15-030002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging has been associated with the functional decline of episodic memory (EM). Unanswered questions are whether the decline of EM occurs even during healthy aging and whether this decline is related to amyloid-β (Aβ) deposition in the hippocampus. Objective The main purpose of this study was to investigate data on the relationship between the age-related EM decline and Aβ deposition. Methods We searched the Cochrane, MEDLINE, Scopus, and Web of Science databases and reference lists of retrieved articles that were published in the past 10 years. The initial literature search identified 517 studies. After screening the title, abstract, key words, and reference lists, 56 studies met the inclusion criteria. Results The overall results revealed that increases in Aβ are related to lower hippocampal volume and worse performance on EM tests. The results of this systematic review revealed that high levels of Aβ may be related to EM deficits and the progression to Alzheimer's disease. Conclusions We discussed the strengths and pitfalls of various tests and techniques used for investigating EM and Aβ deposition, methodological issues, and potential directions for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jandirlly Julianna Souto
- Department of Psychology, Universidade Federal da Paraíba - João Pessoa, PB, Brazil.,Perception, Neuroscience and Behaviour Laboratory, Universidade Federal da Paraíba - João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - Gabriella Medeiros Silva
- Department of Psychology, Universidade Federal da Paraíba - João Pessoa, PB, Brazil.,Perception, Neuroscience and Behaviour Laboratory, Universidade Federal da Paraíba - João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - Natalia Leandro Almeida
- Department of Psychology, Universidade Federal da Paraíba - João Pessoa, PB, Brazil.,Perception, Neuroscience and Behaviour Laboratory, Universidade Federal da Paraíba - João Pessoa, Brazil
| | | | - Natanael Antonio Santos
- Department of Psychology, Universidade Federal da Paraíba - João Pessoa, PB, Brazil.,Perception, Neuroscience and Behaviour Laboratory, Universidade Federal da Paraíba - João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - Thiago Paiva Fernandes
- Department of Psychology, Universidade Federal da Paraíba - João Pessoa, PB, Brazil.,Perception, Neuroscience and Behaviour Laboratory, Universidade Federal da Paraíba - João Pessoa, Brazil
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13
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de Souza GS, Andrade MA, Borelli WV, Schilling LP, Matushita CS, Portuguez MW, da Costa JC, Marques da Silva AM. Amyloid-β PET Classification on Cognitive Aging Stages Using the Centiloid Scale. Mol Imaging Biol 2021; 24:394-403. [PMID: 34611766 DOI: 10.1007/s11307-021-01660-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PROPOSE This study aims to explore the use of the Centiloid (CL) method in amyloid-β PET quantification to evaluate distinct cognitive aging stages, investigating subjects' mismatch classification using different cut-points for amyloid-β positivity. PROCEDURES The CL equation was applied in four groups of individuals: SuperAgers (SA), healthy age-matched controls (AC), healthy middle-aged controls (MC), and Alzheimer's disease (AD). The amyloid-β burden was calculated and compared between groups and quantitative variables. Three different cut-points (Jack CR, Wiste HJ, Weigand SD, et al., Alzheimer's Dement 13:205-216, 2017; Salvadó G, Molinuevo JL, Brugulat-Serrat A, et al., Alzheimer's Res Ther 11:27, 2019; and Amadoru S, Doré V, McLean CA, et al., Alzheimer's Res Ther 12:22, 2020) were applied in CL values to differentiate the earliest abnormal pathophysiological accumulation of Aβ and the established Aβ pathology. RESULTS The AD group exhibited a significantly increased Aβ burden compared to the MC, but not AC groups. Both healthy control (MC and AC) groups were not significantly different. Visually, the SA group showed a diverse distribution of CL values compared with MC; however, the difference was not significant. The CL values have a moderate and significant relationship between Aβ visual read, RAVLT DR and MMSE. Depending on the cut-point used, 10 CL, 19 CL, or 30 CL, 7.5% of our individuals had a different classification in the Aβ positivity. For the AC group, we obtained about 40 to 60% of the individuals classified as positive. CONCLUSION SuperAgers exhibited a similar Aβ load to AC and MC, differing in cognitive performance. Independently of cut-point used (10 CL, 19 CL, or 30 CL), three SA individuals were classified as Aβ positive, showing the duality between the individual's clinics and the biological definition of Alzheimer's. Different cut-points lead to Aβ positivity classification mismatch in individuals, and an extra care is needed for individuals who have a CL value between 10 and 30 CL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giordana Salvi de Souza
- School of Medicine, PUCRS, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
- Medical Image Computing Laboratory, School of Technology, PUCRS, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
| | - Michele Alberton Andrade
- School of Medicine, PUCRS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Medical Image Computing Laboratory, School of Technology, PUCRS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Brain Institute of Rio Grande Do Sul (BraIns), PUCRS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Mirna Wetters Portuguez
- School of Medicine, PUCRS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Brain Institute of Rio Grande Do Sul (BraIns), PUCRS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Jaderson Costa da Costa
- School of Medicine, PUCRS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Brain Institute of Rio Grande Do Sul (BraIns), PUCRS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Ana Maria Marques da Silva
- School of Medicine, PUCRS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Medical Image Computing Laboratory, School of Technology, PUCRS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Brain Institute of Rio Grande Do Sul (BraIns), PUCRS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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14
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de Godoy LL, Studart-Neto A, Wylezinska-Arridge M, Tsunemi MH, Moraes NC, Yassuda MS, Coutinho AM, Buchpiguel CA, Nitrini R, Bisdas S, da Costa Leite C. The Brain Metabolic Signature in Superagers Using In Vivo 1H-MRS: A Pilot Study. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2021; 42:1790-1797. [PMID: 34446458 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a7262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Youthful memory performance in older adults may reflect an underlying resilience to the conventional pathways of aging. Subjects having this unusual characteristic have been recently termed "superagers." This study aimed to explore the significance of imaging biomarkers acquired by 1H-MRS to characterize superagers and to differentiate them from their normal-aging peers. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fifty-five patients older than 80 years of age were screened using a detailed neuropsychological protocol, and 25 participants, comprising 12 superagers and 13 age-matched controls, were statistically analyzed. We used state-of-the-art 3T 1H-MR spectroscopy to quantify 18 neurochemicals in the posterior cingulate cortex of our subjects. All 1H-MR spectroscopy data were analyzed using LCModel. Results were further processed using 2 approaches to investigate the technique accuracy: 1) comparison of the average concentration of metabolites estimated with Cramer-Rao lower bounds <20%; and 2) calculation and comparison of the weighted means of metabolites' concentrations. RESULTS The main finding observed was a higher total N-acetyl aspartate concentration in superagers than in age-matched controls using both approaches (P = .02 and P = .03 for the weighted means), reflecting a positive association of total N-acetyl aspartate with higher cognitive performance. CONCLUSIONS 1H-MR spectroscopy emerges as a promising technique to unravel neurochemical mechanisms related to cognitive aging in vivo and providing a brain metabolic signature in superagers. This may contribute to monitoring future interventional therapies to avoid or postpone the pathologic processes of aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- L L de Godoy
- From the Department of Radiology and Oncology (L.L.d.G., C.d.C.L.), Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
- The National Hospital of Neurology and Neurosurgery (M.W.-A., S.B.), University College London, London, UK
| | - A Studart-Neto
- Department of Neurology (A.S.-N., N.C.M., M.S.Y., R.N.), Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - M Wylezinska-Arridge
- The National Hospital of Neurology and Neurosurgery (M.W.-A., S.B.), University College London, London, UK
| | - M H Tsunemi
- Department of Biostatistics, Institute of Biosciences (M.H.T.), Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - N C Moraes
- Department of Neurology (A.S.-N., N.C.M., M.S.Y., R.N.), Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - M S Yassuda
- Department of Neurology (A.S.-N., N.C.M., M.S.Y., R.N.), Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - A M Coutinho
- Division and Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine (A.M.C., C.A.B.), Department of Radiology and Oncology, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - C A Buchpiguel
- Division and Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine (A.M.C., C.A.B.), Department of Radiology and Oncology, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - R Nitrini
- Department of Neurology (A.S.-N., N.C.M., M.S.Y., R.N.), Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - S Bisdas
- The National Hospital of Neurology and Neurosurgery (M.W.-A., S.B.), University College London, London, UK
| | - C da Costa Leite
- From the Department of Radiology and Oncology (L.L.d.G., C.d.C.L.), Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
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15
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Borelli WV, Leal-Conceição E, Andrade MA, Esper NB, Feltes PK, Soder RB, Matushita CS, Hartmann LM, Radaelli G, Schilling LP, Moriguchi-Jeckel C, Marques da Silva AM, Portuguez MW, Franco AR, da Costa JC. Increased Glucose Activity in Subgenual Anterior Cingulate and Hippocampus of High Performing Older Adults, Despite Amyloid Burden. J Alzheimers Dis 2021; 81:1419-1428. [PMID: 33935091 DOI: 10.3233/jad-210063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Individuals at 80 years of age or above with exceptional memory are considered SuperAgers (SA), an operationalized definition of successful cognitive aging. SA showed increased thickness and altered functional connectivity in the anterior cingulate cortex as a neurobiological signature. However, their metabolic alterations are yet to be uncovered. OBJECTIVE Herein, a metabolic (FDG-PET), amyloid (PIB-PET), and functional (fMRI) analysis of SA were conducted. METHODS Ten SA, ten age-matched older adults (C80), and ten cognitively normal middle-aged (C50) adults underwent cognitive testing and multimodal neuroimaging examinations. Anterior and posterior regions of the cingulate cortex and hippocampal areas were primarily examined, then subregions of anterior cingulate were segregated. RESULTS The SA group showed increased metabolic activity in the left and right subgenual anterior cingulate cortex (sACC, p < 0.005 corrected, bilateral) and bilateral hippocampi (right: p < 0.0005 and left: p < 0.005, both corrected) as compared to that in the C80 group. Amyloid deposition was above threshold in 30% of SA and C80 (p > 0.05). The SA group also presented decreased connectivity between right sACC and posterior cingulate (p < 0.005, corrected) as compared to that of the C80 group. CONCLUSION These results support the key role of sACC and hippocampus in SA, even in the presence of amyloid deposition. It also suggests that sACC may be used as a potential biomarker in older adults for exceptional memory ability. Further longitudinal studies measuring metabolic biomarkers may help elucidate the interaction between these areas in the cognitive aging process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wyllians Vendramini Borelli
- Brain Institute of Rio Grande do Sul (BraIns), PUCRS, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,School of Medicine, PUCRS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | | | - Michele Alberton Andrade
- Brain Institute of Rio Grande do Sul (BraIns), PUCRS, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,School of Science, PUCRS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Nathalia Bianchini Esper
- Brain Institute of Rio Grande do Sul (BraIns), PUCRS, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,School of Medicine, PUCRS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Paula Kopschina Feltes
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ricardo Bernardi Soder
- Brain Institute of Rio Grande do Sul (BraIns), PUCRS, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,School of Medicine, PUCRS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | | | | | - Graciane Radaelli
- Brain Institute of Rio Grande do Sul (BraIns), PUCRS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | | | | | - Ana Maria Marques da Silva
- Brain Institute of Rio Grande do Sul (BraIns), PUCRS, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,School of Science, PUCRS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Mirna Wetters Portuguez
- Brain Institute of Rio Grande do Sul (BraIns), PUCRS, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,School of Medicine, PUCRS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Rosa Franco
- Center for Biomedical Imaging and Neuromodulation, Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY, USA.,Center for the Developing Brain, Child Mind Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jaderson Costa da Costa
- Brain Institute of Rio Grande do Sul (BraIns), PUCRS, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,School of Medicine, PUCRS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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16
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Parra MA, Baez S, Sedeño L, Gonzalez Campo C, Santamaría‐García H, Aprahamian I, Bertolucci PHF, Bustin J, Camargos Bicalho MA, Cano‐Gutierrez C, Caramelli P, Chaves MLF, Cogram P, Beber BC, Court FA, de Souza LC, Custodio N, Damian A, de la Cruz M, Diehl Rodriguez R, Brucki SMD, Fajersztajn L, Farías GA, De Felice FG, Ferrari R, de Oliveira FF, Ferreira ST, Ferretti C, Figueredo Balthazar ML, Ferreira Frota NA, Fuentes P, García AM, Garcia PJ, de Gobbi Porto FH, Duque Peñailillo L, Engler HW, Maier I, Mata IF, Gonzalez‐Billault C, Lopez OL, Morelli L, Nitrini R, Quiroz YT, Guerrero Barragan A, Huepe D, Pio FJ, Suemoto CK, Kochhann R, Kochen S, Kumfor F, Lanata S, Miller B, Mansur LL, Hosogi ML, Lillo P, Llibre Guerra J, Lira D, Lopera F, Comas A, Avila‐Funes JA, Sosa AL, Ramos C, Resende EDPF, Snyder HM, Tarnanas I, Yokoyama J, Llibre J, Cardona JF, Possin K, Kosik KS, Montesinos R, Moguilner S, Solis PCL, Ferretti‐Rebustini REDL, Ramirez JM, Matallana D, Mbakile‐Mahlanza L, Marques Ton AM, Tavares RM, Miotto EC, Muniz‐Terrera G, Muñoz‐Nevárez LA, Orozco D, Okada de Oliveira M, Piguet O, Pintado Caipa M, Piña Escudero SD, Schilling LP, Rodrigues Palmeira AL, Yassuda MS, Santacruz‐Escudero JM, Serafim RB, Smid J, Slachevsky A, Serrano C, Soto‐Añari M, Takada LT, Grinberg LT, Teixeira AL, Barbosa MT, Trépel D, Ibanez A. Dementia in Latin America: Paving the way toward a regional action plan. Alzheimers Dement 2021; 17:295-313. [PMID: 33634602 PMCID: PMC7984223 DOI: 10.1002/alz.12202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Across Latin American and Caribbean countries (LACs), the fight against dementia faces pressing challenges, such as heterogeneity, diversity, political instability, and socioeconomic disparities. These can be addressed more effectively in a collaborative setting that fosters open exchange of knowledge. In this work, the Latin American and Caribbean Consortium on Dementia (LAC-CD) proposes an agenda for integration to deliver a Knowledge to Action Framework (KtAF). First, we summarize evidence-based strategies (epidemiology, genetics, biomarkers, clinical trials, nonpharmacological interventions, networking, and translational research) and align them to current global strategies to translate regional knowledge into transformative actions. Then we characterize key sources of complexity (genetic isolates, admixture in populations, environmental factors, and barriers to effective interventions), map them to the above challenges, and provide the basic mosaics of knowledge toward a KtAF. Finally, we describe strategies supporting the knowledge creation stage that underpins the translational impact of KtAF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Alfredo Parra
- School of Psychological Sciences and HealthGraham Hills BuildingGlasgow, G1 1QE, UK, Universidad Autónoma del CaribePrograma de PsicologíaUniversity of StrathclydeBarranquillaColombia
| | | | - Lucas Sedeño
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CONICET)Buenos AiresArgentina
| | - Cecilia Gonzalez Campo
- Cognitive Neuroscience Center (CNC)Universidad de San AndresConsejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CONICET)Buenos AiresArgentina
| | - Hernando Santamaría‐García
- Pontificia Universidad JaverianaMedical School, Physiology and Psychiatry DepartmentsMemory and Cognition Center IntellectusHospital Universitario San IgnacioBogotáColombia
| | - Ivan Aprahamian
- Department of Internal MedicineFaculty of Medicine of JundiaíGroup of Investigation on Multimorbidity and Mental Health in Aging (GIMMA)JundiaíState of São PauloBrazil
| | - Paulo HF Bertolucci
- Department of Neurology and NeurosurgeryEscola Paulista de MedicinaFederal University of São Paulo ‐ UNIFESPSão PauloBrazil
| | - Julian Bustin
- INECO FoundationInstitute of Cognitive and Translational Neuroscience (INCYT)Favaloro UniversityBuenos AiresArgentina
| | | | - Carlos Cano‐Gutierrez
- Medical SchoolGeriatric Unit, Memory and Cognition Center‐IntellectusAging InstituteHospital Universitario San IgnacioPontificia Universidad JaverianaBogotáColombia
| | - Paulo Caramelli
- Faculdade de MedicinaUniversidade Federal de Minas GeraisBelo HorizonteBrazil
| | - Marcia L. F. Chaves
- Neurology ServiceHospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre e Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulBrazil
| | - Patricia Cogram
- Laboratory of Molecular NeuropsychiatryINECO FoundationNational Scientific and Technical Research CouncilInstitute of Cognitive and Translational Neuroscience (INCyT)Favaloro UniversityBuenos AiresArgentina
| | - Bárbara Costa Beber
- Department of Speech and Language PathologyAtlantic Fellow for Equity in Brain HealthFederal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre (UFCSPA)Porto AlegreBrazil
| | - Felipe A. Court
- Center for Integrative BiologyFaculty of SciencesFONDAP Center for GeroscienceBrain Health and Metabolism, Santiago, Chile, The Buck Institute for Research on AgingUniversidad Mayor, ChileNovatoCAUSA
| | | | - Nilton Custodio
- Unit Cognitive Impairment and Dementia PreventionCognitive Neurology CenterPeruvian Institute of NeurosciencesLimaPerú
| | - Andres Damian
- Centro Uruguayo de Imagenología Molecular (CUDIM)Centro de Medicina Nuclear e Imagenología MolecularHospital de ClínicasUniversidad de la RepúblicaMontevideoUruguay
| | - Myriam de la Cruz
- Global Brain Health Institute, University of CaliforniaSan FranciscoUSA
| | - Roberta Diehl Rodriguez
- Behavioral and Cognitive Neurology UnitDepartment of Neurology and LIM 22University of São PauloSão PauloBrazil
| | | | - Lais Fajersztajn
- Laboratory of Experimental Air Pollution (LIM05)Department of PathologySchool of MedicineGlobal Brain Health Institute, University of CaliforniaSan Francisco (UCSF)University of São PauloSão PauloSao PauloBrazil
| | - Gonzalo A. Farías
- Department Neurology and Neurosurgery North/Department of NeurosciencesCenter for Advanced Clinical Research (CICA)Faculty of MedicineUniversidad de ChileSantiagoChile
| | | | - Raffaele Ferrari
- Department of Neurodegenerative DiseaseUniversity College LondonLondonESUK
| | - Fabricio Ferreira de Oliveira
- Department of Neurology and NeurosurgeryEscola Paulista de MedicinaFederal University of São Paulo ‐ UNIFESPSão PauloBrazil
| | - Sergio T. Ferreira
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry Leopoldo de Meis & Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas FilhoFederal University of Rio de JaneiroRio de JaneiroRJBrazil
| | - Ceres Ferretti
- Division of NeurologyUniversity of São PauloSão PauloBrazil
| | | | | | - Patricio Fuentes
- Geriatrics Section Clinical Hospital University of Chile, Santos Dumont 999 IndependenciaSantiagoChile
| | - Adolfo M. García
- Cognitive Neuroscience Center (CNC)Faculty of EducationNational University of Cuyo (UNCuyo)Universidad de San Andres. National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET)MendozaArgentina
| | | | - Fábio Henrique de Gobbi Porto
- Laboratory of Psychiatric Neuroimaging (LIM‐21)Instituto de PsiquiatriaHospital das Clinicas HCFMUSPFaculdade de MedicinaUniversidade de Sao PauloSao PauloSao PauloBrazil
| | | | | | | | - Ignacio F. Mata
- Department of Genomic MedicineLerner Research InstituteCleveland ClinicOHUSA
| | - Christian Gonzalez‐Billault
- Center for GeroscienceBrain Health and Metabolism (GERO), Santiago, Chile, and Department of Biology, Faculty of SciencesUniversity of ChileSantiagoChile
| | - Oscar L. Lopez
- Alzheimer's Disease Research CenterUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPAUSA
| | - Laura Morelli
- Fundacion Instituto Leloir‐IIBBA‐CONICET. AveArgentina
| | - Ricardo Nitrini
- Department of NeurologyUniversity of São Paulo Medical SchoolSão PauloBrazil
| | | | - Alejandra Guerrero Barragan
- Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Departamento de Neurologia Hospital Occidente de KennedyGlobal Brain Health InstituteUniversidad de la SabanaBogotaColombia
| | - David Huepe
- Center for Social and Cognitive Neuroscience (CSCN)School of PsychologyUniversidad Adolfo IbañezSantiagoChile
| | - Fabricio Joao Pio
- Department of NeurologyHospital Governador Celso RamosFlorianopolisBrazil
| | | | - Renata Kochhann
- Graduate Program in PsychologySchool of Health SciencesHospital Moinhos de VentoPontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul—PUCRS and Researcher OfficePorto AlegreBrazil
| | - Silvia Kochen
- Neurosciences and Complex Systems Unit (EnyS), CONICET, Hosp, El Cruce “N. Kirchner”, Univ. National A, Jauretche (UNAJ), F. Varela, Prov. Buenos Aires. Fac. MedicineUniv Nacional de Buenos Aires (UBA)Buenos AiresArgentina
| | - Fiona Kumfor
- Brain and Mind Centre and School of PsychologyUniversity of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia
| | - Serggio Lanata
- UCSF Department of NeurologyMemory and Aging CenterUCSFSan FranciscoCaliforniaUS
| | - Bruce Miller
- UCSF Department of NeurologyMemory and Aging CenterUCSFSan FranciscoCaliforniaUS
| | | | - Mirna Lie Hosogi
- Behavioral and Cognitive Unit of Department of NeurologyUniversity of São Paulo School of MedicineSao PauloBrazil
| | - Patricia Lillo
- Geroscience Center for Brain Health and Metabolism, Santiago, Chile, Departamento de Neurología Sur/Departamento de Neurociencia, Facultad de MedicinaUniversidad de ChileSantiagoChile
| | | | - David Lira
- Unit Cognitive Impairment and Dementia PreventionCognitive Neurology CenterPeruvian Institute of NeurosciencesLimaPerú
| | - Francisco Lopera
- Neuroscience Research GroupUniversidad de AntioquiaMedellínColombia
| | - Adelina Comas
- Department of Health Policy at the London School of Economics and Political ScienceLondonUK
| | | | - Ana Luisa Sosa
- Instituto Nacional de Neurología y NeurocirugíaCiudad de MéxicoMéxico
| | - Claudia Ramos
- Global Brain Health Institute, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF)San FranciscoUSA
| | | | | | - Ioannis Tarnanas
- Global Brain Health Institute, University of CaliforniaSan FranciscoUSA
- Altoida Inc.HoustonTexasUSA
| | - Jenifer Yokoyama
- UCSF Department of NeurologyMemory and Aging CenterUCSFSan FranciscoCaliforniaUS
| | | | | | - Kate Possin
- UCSF Department of NeurologyMemory and Aging CenterUCSFSan FranciscoCaliforniaUS
| | - Kenneth S. Kosik
- Neuroscience Research Institute and Dept of Molecular Cellular and Developmental BiologyUniversity of California SantaBarbaraCaliforniaUSA
| | - Rosa Montesinos
- Unit Cognitive Impairment and Dementia PreventionCognitive Neurology CenterPeruvian Institute of NeurosciencesLimaPerú
| | - Sebastian Moguilner
- Global Brain Health Institute, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF)San FranciscoUSA
| | - Patricia Cristina Lourdes Solis
- Neurosciences and Complex Systems Unit (EnyS), CONICET, Hosp, El Cruce “N. Kirchner”, Univ. National A, Jauretche (UNAJ), F. Varela, Prov. Buenos Aires. Fac. MedicineUniv Nacional de Buenos Aires (UBA)Buenos AiresArgentina
| | | | - Jeronimo Martin Ramirez
- Departamen de Admision Continua Adultos Hospital General La Raza Instituto Mexicano del Seguro SocialGlobal Brain Health Institute, Trinity College Dublin, DublinCiudad de MexicoMexico
| | - Diana Matallana
- Medical SchoolAging Institute and Psychiatry DepartmentPontificia Universidad Javeriana. Memory and Cognition Center‐IntellectusHospital Universitario San IgnacioBogotáColombia
| | - Lingani Mbakile‐Mahlanza
- Global Brain Health InstituteUniversity of California San Francisco, University of BotswanaGaboroneBotswana
| | | | | | - Eliane C Miotto
- Department of NeurologyUniversity of Sao PauloSao PauloBrazil
| | | | | | - David Orozco
- Cognitive Neuroscience Development LaboratoryAxis NeurocienciasUniversidad Nacional del Sur, Cognitive Impairment and Behavior Disorders UnitBahía BlancaArgentina
| | - Maira Okada de Oliveira
- Global Brain Health Institute, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF)San FranciscoUSA
| | - Olivier Piguet
- School of Psychology and Brain and Mind CentreUniversity of SydneyCamperdownNSWAustralia
| | - Maritza Pintado Caipa
- Global Brain Health Institute, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF)San FranciscoUSA
| | | | - Lucas Porcello Schilling
- Department of NeurologyPontificia Universidade Catolica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS)Porto AlegreBrazil
| | - André Luiz Rodrigues Palmeira
- Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Porto Alegre, Serviço de Neurologia, Porto Alegre, BrazilHospital Ernesto DornellesServiço de Neurologia e NeurocirurgiaPorto AlegreBrazil
| | | | - Jose Manuel Santacruz‐Escudero
- Medical School and Psychiatry DepartmentMemory and Cognition Center‐ IntellectusPontificia Universidad JaverianaHospital Universitario San IgnacioBogotáColombia
| | | | - Jerusa Smid
- Department of NeurologyUniversity of Sao PauloSão PauloBrazil
| | - Andrea Slachevsky
- Neurology DepartmentGeroscience Center for Brain Health and Metabolism, Santiago, Chile, Laboratory of Neuropsychology and Clinical Neuroscience (LANNEC), Physiopathology Program‐ICBM, East Neurologic and Neurosciences Departments, Faculty of MedicineHospital del Salvador and Faculty of Medicine University of Chile. Servicio de NeurologíaDepartamento de MedicinaClínica Alemana—Universidad del DesarrolloUniversity of Chile, Neuropsychiatry and Memory Disorders clinic (CMYN)SantiagoChile
| | | | | | | | - Lea Tenenholz Grinberg
- Departments of NeurologyPathology and Global Brain Health InstituteUCSF ‐ USA, Department of PathologyUniversity of São Paulo Medical SchoolSão PauloBrazil
| | - Antonio Lucio Teixeira
- Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Investigação MédicaFaculdade de MedicinaAv. Alfredo Balena, 110Universidade Federal de Minas GeraisBelo HorizonteBrazil
| | - Maira Tonidandel Barbosa
- Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais e Faculdade deCiências Médicas de Minas GeraisBelo HorizonteBrazil
| | - Dominic Trépel
- Global Brain Health Institute (GBHI)Trinity College DublinDublin
| | - Agustin Ibanez
- Cognitive Neuroscience Center (CNC) Buenos Aires, Argentina; Universidad Autonoma del Caribe, Barranquilla, Colombia; Global Brain Health Institute (GBHI), USUniversidad de San AndresCONICETUniversidad Autonoma del CaribeUniversidad Adolfo IbanezUCSFUSA
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17
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Calandri IL, Crivelli L, Martin ME, Egido N, Guimet NM, Allegri RF. Environmental factors between normal and superagers in an Argentine cohort. Dement Neuropsychol 2020; 14:345-349. [PMID: 33354286 PMCID: PMC7735051 DOI: 10.1590/1980-57642020dn14-040003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Normal aging usually brings age-related cognitive decline. However, there is a group of aged individuals who have exceptional memory performance: the superagers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ismael Luis Calandri
- Departamento de Neurología, FLENI Ringgold Standard Institution - Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Lucia Crivelli
- Departamento de Neurología, FLENI Ringgold Standard Institution - Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Maria Eugenia Martin
- Departamento de Neurología, FLENI Ringgold Standard Institution - Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Noelia Egido
- Departamento de Neurología, FLENI Ringgold Standard Institution - Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Nahuel Magrath Guimet
- Departamento de Neurología, FLENI Ringgold Standard Institution - Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ricardo Francisco Allegri
- Departamento de Neurología, FLENI Ringgold Standard Institution - Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Universidad de la Costa - Barranquilla, Atlántico, Colombia
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18
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de Godoy LL, Alves CAPF, Saavedra JSM, Studart-Neto A, Nitrini R, da Costa Leite C, Bisdas S. Understanding brain resilience in superagers: a systematic review. Neuroradiology 2020; 63:663-683. [PMID: 32995945 DOI: 10.1007/s00234-020-02562-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Superagers are older adults presenting excellent memory performance that may reflect resilience to the conventional pathways of aging. Our contribution aims to shape the evidence body of the known distinctive biomarkers of superagers and their connections with the Brain and Cognitive Reserve and Brain Maintenance concepts. METHODS We performed a systematic literature search in PubMed and ScienceDirect with no limit on publication date for studies that evaluated potential biomarkers in superagers classified by validated neuropsychological tests. Methodological quality was assessed using the QUADAS-2 tool. RESULTS Twenty-one studies were included, the majority in neuroimaging, followed by histological, genetic, cognition, and a single one on blood plasma analysis. Superagers exhibited specific regions of cortical preservation, rather than global cortical maintenance, standing out the anterior cingulate and hippocampus regions. Both superagers and controls showed similar levels of amyloid deposition. Moreover, the functional oscillation patterns in superagers resembled those described in young adults. Most of the quality assessment for the included studies showed medium risks of bias. CONCLUSION This systematic review supports selective cortical preservation in superagers, comprehending regions of the default mode, and salience networks, overlapped by stronger functional connectivity. In this context, the anterior cingulate cortex is highlighted as an imaging and histologic signature of these subjects. Besides, the biomarkers included pointed out that the Brain and Cognitive Reserve and Brain Maintenance concepts are independent and complementary in the superagers' setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laiz Laura de Godoy
- The National Hospital of Neurology and Neurosurgery, University College London, London, UK. .,Department of Radiology and Oncology, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
| | | | | | - Adalberto Studart-Neto
- Department of Radiology and Oncology, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Nitrini
- Department of Radiology and Oncology, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Claudia da Costa Leite
- Department of Radiology and Oncology, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sotirios Bisdas
- The National Hospital of Neurology and Neurosurgery, University College London, London, UK
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19
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Schott N, Krull K. Stability of Lifestyle Behavior - The Answer to Successful Cognitive Aging? A Comparison of Nuns, Monks, Master Athletes and Non-active Older Adults. Front Psychol 2019; 10:1347. [PMID: 31231291 PMCID: PMC6567482 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Epidemiological studies of the effect of physical activity on cognition demonstrated an inverse relationship between physical activity and cognitive decline. However, such health behaviors are hardly invariable over time. The relative homogeneity of the adult lifestyle of nuns/monks as well as master athletes reduces the likelihood of confounding due to differences in their participation in regular life-long physical activities. The purpose of this study was to determine if there were differences in cognitive functions between nuns/monks, master athletes and sedentary, but otherwise healthy older adults. Additionally, we examined associations between demographic variables (education, sex, age), BMI, physical activity, exercise, and fitness and cognitive performance. Methods: We recruited three groups of healthy participants without cognitive deficits: (1) Nuns/Monks (n = 20; age 77.5 ± 5.56; 5 M, 15 W), (2) Master Athletes (n = 20; age 76.5 ± 5.33; 12 M, 8 W), and (3) Sedentary (n = 20; 76.4 ± 5.96, 6 M, 14 W). Cognitive performance (working memory, inhibition) was measured with a n-back task and a flanker task, participation in physical activities with the "German-PAQ-50+," and physical fitness with the 30s chair stand and arm curl test. Results: As predicted, ANOVA comparing groups revealed the three groups differed in cognition, physical activity, and physical fitness with inactive older adults performing lower on all tests than the other two groups. Hierarchical regression analyses showed a positive influence of lifestyle stability on accuracy and reaction time for working memory and inhibitory performance. The highest correlation coefficients for fitness and cognitive performance emerged for the group of nuns and monks. Conclusion: Life-long stability of an active lifestyle may confer benefits to some aspects of working memory, attention, and inhibitory control. Longitudinal studies are recommended to further examine the causal relationship of lifestyle stability and cognitive function in such specific cohorts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadja Schott
- Department of Sport and Exercise Science, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Katja Krull
- Department of Sport and Exercise Science, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
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