1
|
Yildirim ES, Aydin A, Ince T, Varol Z, Ünal B, Demir A. Simethicone Medication Should Be Avoided in Infants Receiving Oral Lactase Treatment. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 11:1009. [PMID: 39201943 PMCID: PMC11352913 DOI: 10.3390/children11081009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2024] [Revised: 08/11/2024] [Accepted: 08/15/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In this retrospective study, we assessed the efficacy of oral lactase in infants with lactose intolerance in terms of sex, birth weight, and interference by other medications. METHODS The study was conducted on patients aged 0-6 months who had been diagnosed with lactose intolerance on admission to the Department of Social Pediatrics at Dokuz Eylul University. Demographic data, the onset of symptoms, and medications used were recorded. RESULTS We found that 86.7% of the infants responded to lactase, with no significant differences based on sex, birth weight, or age at symptom presentation. We observed, however, that the efficacy of treatment did improve over time, thereby deriving benefits from intestinal development and adaptation. Interestingly, the response to lactase was reduced in infants receiving concomitant simethicone for colic symptoms, suggesting a potential drug interaction, while probiotics had no impact on treatment outcomes. CONCLUSIONS We advise against using additional medications with oral lactase, pointing out a possible interaction with simethicone that might decrease the effectiveness of treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ekin Say Yildirim
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Dokuz Eylül University, 35340 İzmir, Türkiye
| | - Adem Aydin
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Dokuz Eylül University, 35340 İzmir, Türkiye
| | - Tolga Ince
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Dokuz Eylül University, 35340 İzmir, Türkiye
| | - Zeynep Varol
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Dokuz Eylül University, 35340 İzmir, Türkiye
| | - Belgin Ünal
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Dokuz Eylül University, 35340 İzmir, Türkiye
| | - And Demir
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Dokuz Eylül University, 35340 İzmir, Türkiye
- Pediatric Research Center, New Children’s Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki University Hospital, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Baig DI, Zafar Z, Khan HA, Younus A, Bhatti MF. Genome-wide identification and comparative in-silico characterization of β-galactosidase (GH-35) in ascomycetes and its role in germ tube development of Aspergillus fumigatus via RNA-seq analysis. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0286428. [PMID: 37347747 PMCID: PMC10287015 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0286428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023] Open
Abstract
β-galactosidase (Lactase), an enzyme belonging to the glycoside hydrolase family causing the hydrolysis and trans-glycosylation of β-D-galactosides, has a vital role in dairy industries. The current investigation emphasizes on in-silico identification and comparative analysis of different fungal lactases present in Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus oryzae, Botrytis cinerea, and Fusarium fujikuroi. Prediction of motifs and domains, chromosomal positioning, gene structure, gene ontology, sub-cellular localization and protein modeling were performed using different bioinformatics tools to have an insight into the structural and functional characteristics of β-galactosidases. Evolutionary and homology relationships were established by phylogenetic and synteny analyses. A total of 14 β-gal genes (GH-35) were identified in these species. Identified lactases, having 5 domains, were predicted to be stable, acidic, non-polar and extracellularly localized with roles in polysaccharide catabolic process. Results showed variable exonic/intronic ratios of the gene structures which were randomly positioned on chromosomes. Moreover, synteny blocks and close evolutionary relationships were observed between Aspergillus fumigatus and Aspergillus oryzae. Structural insights allowed the prediction of best protein models based on the higher ERRAT and Q-MEAN values. And RNA-sequencing analysis, performed on A. fumigatus, elucidated the role of β-gal in germ tube development. This study would pave the way for efficient fungal lactase production as it identified β-gal genes and predicted their various features and also it would provide a road-way to further the understanding of A. fumigatus pathogenicity via the expression insights of β-gal in germ tube development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Danish Ilyas Baig
- Atta-Ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Zeeshan Zafar
- Atta-Ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Haris Ahmed Khan
- Atta-Ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Amna Younus
- National Institutes of Health (NIH), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Faraz Bhatti
- Atta-Ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Li A, Zheng J, Han X, Jiang Z, Yang B, Yang S, Zhou W, Li C, Sun M. Health implication of lactose intolerance and updates on its dietary management. Int Dairy J 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.idairyj.2023.105608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
|
4
|
Hammer HF, Fox MR, Keller J, Salvatore S, Basilisco G, Hammer J, Lopetuso L, Benninga M, Borrelli O, Dumitrascu D, Hauser B, Herszenyi L, Nakov R, Pohl D, Thapar N, Sonyi M. European guideline on indications, performance, and clinical impact of hydrogen and methane breath tests in adult and pediatric patients: European Association for Gastroenterology, Endoscopy and Nutrition, European Society of Neurogastroenterology and Motility, and European Society for Paediatric Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition consensus. United European Gastroenterol J 2022; 10:15-40. [PMID: 34431620 PMCID: PMC8830282 DOI: 10.1002/ueg2.12133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Measurement of breath hydrogen (H2 ) and methane (CH4 ) excretion after ingestion of test-carbohydrates is used for different diagnostic purposes. There is a lack of standardization among centers performing these tests and this, together with recent technical developments and evidence from clinical studies, highlight the need for a European guideline. METHODS This consensus-based clinical practice guideline defines the clinical indications, performance, and interpretation of H2 -CH4 -breath tests in adult and pediatric patients. A balance between scientific evidence and clinical experience was achieved by a Delphi consensus that involved 44 experts from 18 European countries. Eighty eight statements and recommendations were drafted based on a review of the literature. Consensus (≥80% agreement) was reached for 82. Quality of evidence was evaluated using validated criteria. RESULTS The guideline incorporates new insights into the role of symptom assessment to diagnose carbohydrate (e.g., lactose) intolerances and recommends that breath tests for carbohydrate malabsorption require additional validated concurrent symptom evaluation to establish carbohydrate intolerance. Regarding the use of breath tests for the evaluation of oro-cecal transit time and suspected small bowel bacterial overgrowth, this guideline highlights confounding factors associated with the interpretation of H2 -CH4 -breath tests in these indications and recommends approaches to mitigate these issues. CONCLUSION This clinical practice guideline should facilitate pan-European harmonization of diagnostic approaches to symptoms and disorders, which are very common in specialist and primary care gastroenterology practice, both in adult and pediatric patients. In addition, it identifies areas of future research needs to clarify diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Heinz F. Hammer
- Division of Gastroenterology and HepatologyDepartment of Internal MedicineMedical UniversityGrazAustria
| | - Mark R. Fox
- Centre for Integrative GastroenterologyDigestive Function: BaselLaboratory and Clinic for Motility Disorders and Functional Gastrointestinal DiseasesKlinik ArlesheimArlesheimSwitzerland
- Division of Gastroenterology and HepatologyUniversity Hospital ZurichZurichSwitzerland
| | - Jutta Keller
- Department of Internal MedicineIsraelitic HospitalAcademic Hospital of the University of HamburgHamburgGermany
| | - Silvia Salvatore
- Pediatric DepartmentHospital “F. Del Ponte”University of InsubriaVareseItaly
| | - Guido Basilisco
- Gastroenterology and Endoscopy UnitFondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore PoliclinicoMilanoItaly
| | - Johann Hammer
- Department of Gastroenterology and HepatologyUniversity Hospital of Internal Medicine 3Medical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Loris Lopetuso
- UOC Medicina Interna e GastroenterologiaDipartimento di Scienze Mediche e ChirurgicheFondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCSRomeItalia
- Department of Medicine and Ageing Sciences“G. d'Annunzio” University of Chieti‐PescaraChietiItaly
| | - Marc Benninga
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and NutritionEmma Children's HospitalAmsterdam UMCUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Osvaldo Borrelli
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health and Department of GastroenterologyNeurogastroenterology and MotilityGreat Ormond Street HospitalLondonUK
| | - Dan Dumitrascu
- Department of GastroenterologyClinica Medicala 2Cluj‐NapocaRomania
| | - Bruno Hauser
- Department of Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and NutritionKidZ Health Castle UZ BrusselBrusselsBelgium
| | - Laszlo Herszenyi
- Department of GastroenterologyMedical CentreHungarian Defence ForcesBudapestHungary
| | - Radislav Nakov
- Clinic of GastroenterologyTsaritsa Yoanna University HospitalMedical University of SofiaSofiaBulgaria
| | - Daniel Pohl
- Division of Gastroenterology and HepatologyUniversity Hospital ZurichZurichSwitzerland
| | - Nikhil Thapar
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health and Department of GastroenterologyNeurogastroenterology and MotilityGreat Ormond Street HospitalLondonUK
- Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Liver TransplantQueensland Children's HospitalBrisbaneAustralia
| | - Marc Sonyi
- Division of Gastroenterology and HepatologyDepartment of Internal MedicineMedical UniversityGrazAustria
- Clinic for General Medicine, Gastroenterology, and Infectious DiseasesAugustinerinnen HospitalCologneGermany
| | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Catanzaro R, Sciuto M, Singh B, Pathak S, Marotta F. Irritable bowel syndrome and lactose intolerance: the importance of differential diagnosis. A monocentric study. Minerva Gastroenterol (Torino) 2021; 67:72-78. [PMID: 32623873 DOI: 10.23736/s2724-5985.20.02734-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nowadays irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and lactose intolerance (LI) are two very frequent diseases. IBS is a functional disorder, while LI is caused by the inability to digest lactose. LI is often incorrectly diagnosed as IBS. The aim of our study is to identify LI patients among IBS patients, so as to set up a correct therapy. METHODS We enrolled 259 patients with IBS and we compared them to a control group of 108 patients. All patients underwent H<inf>2</inf> Breath-Test (HBT) and two questionnaires regarding the symptoms associated with IBS and LI were administered to the intolerant subjects and one questionnaire to IBS patients with no LI. RESULTS At the HBT, 79.9% (N.=207) of patients with IBS were positive, while in the control group were positive 25.0% (N.=27) of subjects (P<0.001). The questionnaires showed, after a month of therapy, a marked improvement in LI symptoms subjects. In addition, there was also a prevalence of more severe symptoms among subjects with IBS and LI than those with IBS and no LI. CONCLUSIONS We can affirm that most patients with initial diagnosis of IBS are, instead, lactose intolerant. This diagnosis allows us to undertake an adequate therapy so as to improve symptoms and quality of life. Therefore it is important to include LI in the pathologies with which IBS enters into differential diagnosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Catanzaro
- Section of Gastroenterology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Gaspare Rodolico Policlinico Hospital, University of Catania, Catania, Italy -
| | - Morena Sciuto
- Section of Gastroenterology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Gaspare Rodolico Policlinico Hospital, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Birbal Singh
- ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Regional Station, Palampur, India
| | - Surajit Pathak
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital & Research Institute (CHRI), Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Chennai, India
| | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Santos GJ, Rocha R, Santana GO. Lactose intolerance: what is a correct management? Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992) 2019; 65:270-275. [PMID: 30892454 DOI: 10.1590/1806-9282.65.2.270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2018] [Accepted: 05/27/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
SUMMARY Individuals with Lactose Intolerance (LI) tend to exclude milk from their diet since this behavior seems to relieve the symptoms caused by the disease. However, milk is a food of high nutritional value, and complete exclusion of dairy products may favor the development of bone diseases such as osteopenia and osteoporosis. The objective of this review was to evaluate the scientific evidence on the adequate management of patients with LI. This study was carried out from the review of the scientific literature in PubMed and SciELO databases. Complete exclusion of conventional dairy products is not necessary since most individuals with LI can tolerate up to 12 grams of lactose daily in a single dose. Yogurts and cheeses matured for having low amounts of lactose are part of the strategy that allows consumption of dairy products by patients with LI. Currently, there is a diversity of products considered as “milk substitutes” and supplements aimed at individuals with LI. However, these strategies still require better-designed studies.
Collapse
|
7
|
Saqib S, Akram A, Halim SA, Tassaduq R. Sources of β-galactosidase and its applications in food industry. 3 Biotech 2017; 7:79. [PMID: 28500401 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-017-0645-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2016] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The enzyme β-galactosidases have been isolated from various sources such as bacteria, fungi, yeast, vegetables, and recombinant sources. This enzyme holds importance due to its wide applications in food industries to manufacture lactose-hydrolyzed products for lactose-intolerant people and the formation of glycosylated products. Absorption of undigested lactose in small intestine requires the activity of this enzyme; hence, the deficiency of this enzyme leads to lactose intolerance. Lactose intolerance affects around 70% of world's adult population, while the prevalence rate of lactose intolerance is 60% in Pakistan. β-Galactosidases are not only used to manufacture lactose-free products but also employed to treat whey, and used in prebiotics. This review focuses on various sources of β-galactosidase and highlights the importance of β-galactosidases in food industries.
Collapse
|