[Women's opinion on abortion legalization in a middle size county in southern Brazil]

Women's opinions on the legalisation of abortion in Chile 2009-2013

Chile is one of only four countries in the world where there is no explicit legal exception to prohibitions on abortion, and where the criminalisation of abortion endangers women's health and may be misaligned with public opinion. In this study we explored attitudes towards the legalisation of abortion and differences in levels of support across time. Among Chilean women in 2009 and 2013, we examined: (1) an additive index indicating support for legalisation of abortion in several situations and (2) support for each situation separately. We investigated the demographic characteristics associated with support for legalisation using multivariate regression. Over 70% of women supported the legalisation of abortion in cases of risk to the woman's life, rape and foetal malformation, and support was higher in 2013 compared to 2009 (β = 0.28; 95% CI: 0.12, 0.44). Women with increasing education and those attending church services less frequently were more likely to support the legalisation of abortion (β = 0.27; 95% CI: 0.11, 0.43), while those affiliated to a religion other than Catholicism (β =  - 0.32; 95% CI:  - 0.48,  - 0.16) were less likely to do so. Our study is the first to examine public opinions on abortion in Chile and differences in levels of support across time periods. Results indicate that current policies may not reflect trends in public opinion.

Exploring abortion knowledge and opinion among lawyers, an important yet overlooked stakeholder group in Mexico

Lawyers are important actors shaping the abortion debate in Mexico. Of 250 private and public sector criminal lawyers surveyed from four regions, the majority knew about abortion laws in their states. At least 80% agreed with abortion in cases of rape, risk to a woman's life or health, and fetal malformations. Overall, 61% agreed with the Mexico City law and 84% would defend a woman denied a legal abortion. In multivariate analysis, being very knowledgeable of abortion laws was a significant predictor of more "progressive" abortion opinions, support for the Mexico City law, and support for the health indication.

O aborto como causa de mortalidade materna: um pensar para o cuidado de enfermagem

O aborto é um tema polêmico e um sério problema de saúde pública mundial, responsável pela manutenção das altas taxas de mortalidade materna em muitos países em desenvolvimento. No Brasil, por se tratar de um ato ilegal, muitas mulheres que não desejam manter uma gestação acabam por procurar clínicas clandestinas, submetendo-se ao aborto em condições precárias, o que acarreta graves consequências à sua saúde física e psicológica e à própria vida. Como enfermeiras, reconhecemos a magnitude das questões que permeiam as discussões sobre o abortamento e a mortalidade materna no cenário das políticas de saúde que envolvem a área da saúde da mulher e, dessa forma, nos propomos, com este artigo, realizar uma reflexão acerca do aborto como causa de mortalidade materna.

Abortion opinion research in Latin America and the Caribbean: a review of the literature

Abortion laws in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) are highly restrictive and may not reflect public opinion on the issue. This article synthesizes the survey literature on attitudes toward abortion in the region. We searched standard computer indexing services and polled colleagues at regional meetings to identify every methodologically sound quantitative study of abortion opinion in LAC published between 1985 and 2005. Of the 26 studies that met inclusion criteria, none was conducted in the Caribbean, 11 were conducted in Brazil, 11 in Mexico, 3 in Argentina, and 1 in Colombia. The majority of populations surveyed support abortion under a greater number of circumstances than are permitted in their respective countries, particularly in cases of rape and threat to life or health. Future abortion opinion surveys should ask about support for the legality of abortion rather than about abstract acceptance of abortion, and questions should be worded carefully to capture the complexities of the public's views on this issue.

Brazilian obstetrician-gynecologists and abortion: a survey of knowledge, opinions and practices

Background

Abortion laws are extremely restrictive in Brazil. The knowledge, opinions of abortion laws, and abortion practices of obstetrician-gynecologists can have a significant impact on women's access to safe abortion.

Methods

We conducted a mail-in survey with a 10% random sample of obstetrician-gynecologists affiliated with the Brazilian Federation of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. We documented participants' experiences performing abortion under a range of legal and illegal circumstances, and asked about which abortion techniques they had experience with. We used chi-square tests and crude logistic regression models to determine which sociodemographic, knowledge-related, or practice-related variables were associated with physician opinion.

Results

Of the 1,500 questionnaires that we mailed out, we received responses from 572 (38%). Less than half (48%) of the respondents reported accurate knowledge about abortion law and 77% thought that the law should be more liberal. One-third of respondents reported having previous experience performing an abortion, and very few of these physicians reported having experience with manual vacuum aspiration (MVA) or with misoprostol with either mifepristone or methotrexate. Physicians that favored liberalization of the law were more likely to have correct knowledge about abortion law, and to be in favor of public funding for abortion services.

Conclusion

Brazilian obstetrician-gynecologists need more information on abortion laws and on safe, effective abortion procedures.

The Closer You Are, the Better You Understand: The Reaction of Brazilian Obstetrician—Gynaecologists to Unwanted Pregnancy

In Brazil, abortion is legally restricted but highly prevalent. The objective of this study was to obtain data on the opinions of obstetrician-gynaecologists regarding abortion and to verify whether there is consistency between their personal opinion with respect to abortion and their private decision when confronted personally with an unwanted pregnancy or with a request for abortion from a patient or relative. A structured questionnaire was sent to obstetrician-gynaecologists, members of the Brazilian Federation of Gynaecological and Obstetrical Societies (FEBRASGO). A total of 4261 physicians responded, a 30% response rate. Almost a quarter of female physicians and a third of male physicians had had an unwanted pregnancy, and 80% of these were aborted. Even among those for whom religion was very important, almost 70% chose abortion when personally faced with an unwanted pregnancy Twice as many respondents accepted abortion as a solution for themselves or their partners as for their patients. The difference was much smaller only if the physician had personally experienced abortion. Thus, the closer physicians are to the problem of abortion, the greater their understanding that there are circumstances under which abortion is the best or only alternative. We expect the publication of these data to contribute towards liberalisation of the abortion law in Brazil.