The use of Mycobacterium tuberculosis HspX and GlcB proteins to identify latent tuberculosis in rheumatoid arthritis patients.
Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2015;
109:29-37. [PMID:
25317705 PMCID:
PMC4238770 DOI:
10.1590/0074-0276140140]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2013] [Accepted: 10/03/2013] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding the social conditions and immunological characteristics that allow some
human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-exposed patients to remain uninfected represents
an on-going challenge. In this study, the socio-demographic and sexual behaviour
characteristics and immune activation profiles of uninfected individuals exposed to
HIV-infected partners were investigated. A confidential and detailed questionnaire
was administered and venous blood was tested using HIV-1/enzyme immunoassays, plasma
HIV-1 RNA levels/bDNA and immunophenotyping/flow cytometry to determine the
frequencies of CD4 and CD8 T cells expressing activation markers. The data analysis
showed significant differences (p < 0.05) for immune parameters in individuals who
were uninfected, albeit exposed to HIV-infected partners, compared with unexposed
individuals. In particular, the exposed, uninfected individuals had a higher
frequency (median, minimum-maximum) of CD4+HLA-DR+ (4.2,
1.8-6.1), CD8+HLA-DR+ (4.6, 0.9-13.7),
CD4+CD45RO+ (27.5, 14.2-46.6),
CD4+CD45RO+CD62L+ (46.7, 33.9-67.1),
CD8+CD45RA+HLA-DR+ (12.1, 3.4-35.8) and
CD8+CD45RO+HLA-DR+ (9.0, 3.2-14.8) cells, a
decreased percentage of CD8+CD28+ cells (11.7, 4.5-24.0) and a
lower cell-surface expression of Fcγ-R/CD16 on monocytes (56.5, 22.0-130.0). The
plasma HIV-1 RNA levels demonstrated detectable RNA virus loads in 57% of the
HIV-1+ female partners. These findings demonstrate an activation
profile in both CD4 and CD8 peripheral T cells from HIV-1 exposed seronegative
individuals of serodiscordant couples from a referral centre in Belo Horizonte, state
of Minas Gerais.
Collapse