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Kierzkowska M, Majewska A, Szymanek-Majchrzak K, Sawicka-Grzelak A, Mlynarczyk A, Mlynarczyk G. The presence of antibiotic resistance genes and bft genes as well as antibiotic susceptibility testing of Bacteroides fragilis strains isolated from inpatients of the Infant Jesus Teaching Hospital, Warsaw during 2007-2012. Anaerobe 2019; 56:109-115. [PMID: 30844502 DOI: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2019.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Revised: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to assess drug susceptibility of clinical B. fragilis strains and to determine any correlation between drug resistance and the presence of specific genes. Antimicrobial susceptibility was assessed using E-tests. All isolates were analyzed with the PCR technique for the presence of antibiotic resistance genes (cepA, cfxA, cfiA, ermF, ermB, ermG, nim), insertion sequences elements (IS1186, IS1187, IS1188, IS942), and enterotoxin-encoding genes (bft). Susceptibility tests yielded the following rates of resistance to the evaluated antibiotics: penicillin G (100%), clindamycin (22.5%), cefoxitin (6.3%), amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (1.8%). All strain were susceptible to imipenem, and metronidazole. The following antibiotic resistance genes were detected in the evaluated isolates: cepA (in 96.4% of isolates), cfxA (in 12.6%), cfiA (in 1.8%), and ermF (in 25.2%). Genes ermB, ermG, and nim were not found. The presence of the cepA gene showed no correlation with the penicillin G MIC. However, we observed a high correlation between cefoxitin MIC values and the presence of gene cfxA as well as a nearly complete correlation between clindamycin MIC values and the presence of gene ermF. The presence of a bft gene was detected in 14.4% of the analyzed B. fragilis isolates; with the bft-1 allele found in 75%, bft-2 in 25%, and bft-3 in none of the isolates. Antibiotic susceptibility profiles of enterotoxin gene-positive isolates in our study did not differ from those of enterotoxin gene-negative isolates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Kierzkowska
- Chair and Department of Medical Microbiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Chalubinskiego 5 Str., 02-004, Warsaw, Poland; Department of Medical Microbiology, The Infant Jesus Teaching Hospital, Lindleya 4 Str., 02-004, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Majewska
- Chair and Department of Medical Microbiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Chalubinskiego 5 Str., 02-004, Warsaw, Poland; Department of Medical Microbiology, The Infant Jesus Teaching Hospital, Lindleya 4 Str., 02-004, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Ksenia Szymanek-Majchrzak
- Chair and Department of Medical Microbiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Chalubinskiego 5 Str., 02-004, Warsaw, Poland; Department of Medical Microbiology, The Infant Jesus Teaching Hospital, Lindleya 4 Str., 02-004, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Sawicka-Grzelak
- Chair and Department of Medical Microbiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Chalubinskiego 5 Str., 02-004, Warsaw, Poland; Department of Medical Microbiology, The Infant Jesus Teaching Hospital, Lindleya 4 Str., 02-004, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Andrzej Mlynarczyk
- Department of Medical Microbiology, The Infant Jesus Teaching Hospital, Lindleya 4 Str., 02-004, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Grazyna Mlynarczyk
- Chair and Department of Medical Microbiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Chalubinskiego 5 Str., 02-004, Warsaw, Poland; Department of Medical Microbiology, The Infant Jesus Teaching Hospital, Lindleya 4 Str., 02-004, Warsaw, Poland
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Ignacio A, Fernandes MR, Avila-Campos MJ, Nakano V. Enterotoxigenic and non-enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis from fecal microbiota of children. Braz J Microbiol 2015; 46:1141-5. [PMID: 26691473 PMCID: PMC4704618 DOI: 10.1590/s1517-838246420140728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2014] [Accepted: 05/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis (ETBF) is an important part of
the human and animal intestinal microbiota and is commonly associated with diarrhea.
ETBF strains produce an enterotoxin encoded by the bft gene located
in the B. fragilis pathogenicity island (BfPAI). Non-enterotoxigenic
B. fragilis (NTBF) strains lack the BfPAI and usually show two
different genetic patterns, II and III, based on the absence or presence of a
BfPAI-flanking region, respectively. The incidence of ETBF and NTBF strains in fecal
samples isolated from children without acute diarrhea or any other intestinal
disorders was determined. All 84 fecal samples evaluated were B.
fragilis-positive by PCR, four of them harbored the bft
gene, 27 contained the NTBF pattern III DNA sequence, and 52 were
considered to be NTBF pattern II samples. One sample was positive for both ETBF and
NTBF pattern III DNA sequences. All 19 B. fragilis strains isolated
by the culture method were bft-negative, 9 belonged to pattern III
and 10 to pattern II. We present an updated overview of the ETBF and NTBF incidence
in the fecal microbiota of children from Sao Paulo City, Brazil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline Ignacio
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Miriam Rodriguez Fernandes
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Mario Julio Avila-Campos
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Viviane Nakano
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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