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Cancino J, Montoya P, Gálvez FO, Gálvez C, Liedo P. Effect of the Sterile Insect Technique and Augmentative Parasitoid Releases in a Fruit Fly Suppression Program in Mango-Producing Areas of Southeast Mexico. INSECTS 2023; 14:719. [PMID: 37754687 PMCID: PMC10532135 DOI: 10.3390/insects14090719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
The Sterile Insect Technique (SIT), by means of sterile male releases of Anastrepha ludens (Loew), coupled with Augmentative Biological Control (ABC), by releasing the parasitoid Diachasmimorpha longicaudata (Ashmead), was evaluated in a commercial mango production area for one year. The obtained results were compared with mean fruit fly population values from two previous years without the combined use of both techniques. The treatments were: SIT + ABC, SIT, ABC, and Control, and each treatment was established in blocks of 5000 Ha separated by distances of 5-10 km. The evaluations were carried out through fruit sampling to assess percent parasitism and trapping of adult flies to obtain Flies per Trap per Day (FTD) values. The mean percentage of parasitism increased from 0.59% in the control treatment to 19.38% in the block with ABC. The FTD values decreased from ~0.129 and ~0.012 in the control block to 0.0021 in the block with SIT and ABC, representing a 98% suppression. The difference between the two periods in the control block was not significant. We conclude that the integration of both techniques resulted in an additive suppression of the pest population, supporting the use of both control techniques in an area-wide pest management context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Cancino
- Programa Moscas de la Fruta SENASICA-SADER, Camino a los Cacaoatales S/N, Metapa de Domínguez 30860, Chiapas, Mexico
| | - Pablo Montoya
- Instituto de Biociencias, Universidad Autónoma de Chiapas, Boulevard Akichino S/N, Tapachula 30798, Chiapas, Mexico;
| | - Fredy Orlando Gálvez
- Comité Estatal de Sanidad Vegetal de Chiapas (CESAVECHIS) SENASICA-SADER 4a Calle Oriente, entre 1a y 3a Sur, Tapachula 30830, Chiapas, Mexico;
| | - Cesar Gálvez
- Departamento de Control Biológico (CNRCB), SADER-SENASICA-DGSV, Km. 1.5 Carretera Tecomán Estación FFCC, Tecomán 28110, Colima, Mexico;
| | - Pablo Liedo
- El Colegio de la Frontera Sur (ECOSUR), Carretera Antiguo Aeropuerto Km. 2.5, Tapachula 30700, Chiapas, Mexico;
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Montoya P, Flores-Sarmiento E, López P, Ayala A, Cancino J. Additive Effect of Releasing Sterile Insects Plus Biocontrol Agents against Fruit Fly Pests (Diptera: Tephritidae) under Confined Conditions. INSECTS 2023; 14:337. [PMID: 37103152 PMCID: PMC10144205 DOI: 10.3390/insects14040337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Pest control models integrating the use of the sterile insect technique (SIT) and augmentative biological control (ABC) have postulated that it is possible to obtain a synergistic effect from the joint use of these technologies. This synergistic effect is attributed to the simultaneous attack on two different biological stages of the pest (immature and adult flies), which would produce higher suppression on the pest populations. Here we evaluated the effect of the joint application of sterile males of A. ludens of the genetic sexing strain Tap-7 along with two parasitoid species at the field cage level. The parasitoids D. longicaudata and C. haywardi were used separately to determine their effect on the suppression of the fly populations. Our results showed that egg hatching percentage was different between treatments, with the highest percentage in the control treatment and a gradual reduction in the treatments with only parasitoids or only sterile males. The greatest induction of sterility (i.e., the lowest egg hatching percentage) occurred with the joint use of ABC and SIT, demonstrating that the earlier parasitism caused by each parasitoid species was important reaching high levels of sterility. Gross fertility rate decreased up to 15 and 6 times when sterile flies were combined with D. longicaudata and C. haywardi, respectively. The higher parasitism by D. longicaudata was determinant in the decrease of this parameter and had a stronger effect when combined with the SIT. We conclude that the joint use of ABC and SIT on the A. ludens population had a direct additive effect, but a synergistic effect was observed in the parameters of population dynamics throughout the periodic releases of both types of insects. This effect can be of crucial importance in the suppression or eradication of fruit fly populations, with the added advantage of the low ecological impact that characterizes both techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Montoya
- Instituto de Biociencias, Universidad Autónoma de Chiapas, Boulevard Akishino S/N, Tapachula 30798, Chiapas, Mexico
| | - Erick Flores-Sarmiento
- Programa Moscas de la Fruta Senasica-Sader, Camino a Los Cacaotales S/N, Metapa de Domínguez 30860, Chiapas, Mexico; (E.F.-S.); (P.L.); (A.A.); (J.C.)
| | - Patricia López
- Programa Moscas de la Fruta Senasica-Sader, Camino a Los Cacaotales S/N, Metapa de Domínguez 30860, Chiapas, Mexico; (E.F.-S.); (P.L.); (A.A.); (J.C.)
| | - Amanda Ayala
- Programa Moscas de la Fruta Senasica-Sader, Camino a Los Cacaotales S/N, Metapa de Domínguez 30860, Chiapas, Mexico; (E.F.-S.); (P.L.); (A.A.); (J.C.)
| | - Jorge Cancino
- Programa Moscas de la Fruta Senasica-Sader, Camino a Los Cacaotales S/N, Metapa de Domínguez 30860, Chiapas, Mexico; (E.F.-S.); (P.L.); (A.A.); (J.C.)
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Pérez-Staples D, Díaz-Fleischer F, Montoya P. The Sterile Insect Technique: Success and Perspectives in the Neotropics. NEOTROPICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2021; 50:172-185. [PMID: 33113111 DOI: 10.1007/s13744-020-00817-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The sterile insect technique (SIT), an environmentally friendly means of control, is currently used against plant, animal, and human pests under the area-wide integrated pest management. It consists in the mass production, sterilization, and release of insects in an affected area where sterile males mate with wild females leading to no reproduction. Here, we review SIT in the Neotropics and focus on particular recent successful cases of eradication of the Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann), as well as effective programs used against the Mexican fruit fly Anastrepha ludens (Loew), the New World screwworm fly Cochliomyia hominivorax (Coquerel)), and the Cactus moth Cactoblastis cactorum (Berg). We examine when SIT does not work and innovations that have made SIT more efficient and also highlight complimentary techniques that can be used in conjunction. We address potential candidate species that could be controlled through SIT, for example Philornis downsi Dodge & Aitken. Finally, we consider the impact of climate change in the context of the use of the SIT against these pests. Given the recent dramatic decline in insect biodiversity, investing in environmentally friendly means of pest control should be a priority. We conclude that SIT should be promoted in the region, and leadership and political will is needed for continued success of SIT in the Neotropics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - P Montoya
- Programa Moscafrut SENASICA-SADER, Metapa de Domínguez, Chiapas, Mexico
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Presa-Parra E, Hernández-Rosas F, Bernal JS, Valenzuela-González JE, Martínez-Tlapa J, Birke A. Impact of Metarhizium robertsii on Adults of the Parasitoid Diachasmimorpha longicaudata and Parasitized Anastrepha ludens Larvae. INSECTS 2021; 12:insects12020125. [PMID: 33535457 PMCID: PMC7912761 DOI: 10.3390/insects12020125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Biological control of the Mexican fruit fly, Anastrepha ludens, is mainly carried out by releasing parasitoids, such as Diachasmimorpha longicaudata, and by applying entomopathogenic fungi (EPF), such as Metarhizium anisopliae, Beauveria bassiana, or Isaria fumosorosea, which can be applied to the soil or dispersed using infective devices. The combined use of two or more biocontrol agents could improve A. ludens control, but IGP between natural enemies, if it occurs, may have negative effects. We evaluated the effects of EPF on D. longicaudata. First, we determined the susceptibility of adults of D. longicaudata to strains of EPF (Metarhizium robertsii strain V3-160 and M. anisopliae strain MAAP1). We also evaluated the infection of these two fungi on A. ludens larvae parasitized by D. longicaudata. Finally, we determined sub-lethal effects on adults of D. longicaudata that emerged from larvae that had been exposed to low concentrations of M. robertsii. Both fungi caused moderate mortality to D. longicaudata adults. There were no adverse effects on the longevity of parasitoids that emerged from parasitized larvae exposed to M. robertsii. Based on these results, we argue that M. robertsii has the potential to be used for biocontrol of A. ludens, with limited risk to D. longicaudata adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehdibaldo Presa-Parra
- Red de Manejo Biorracional de Plagas y Vectores, Clúster Científico y Tecnológico BioMimic, Instituto de Ecología, A.C., Xalapa, Veracruz 91073, Mexico; (J.M.-T.); (A.B.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Francisco Hernández-Rosas
- Biotecnología Microbiana Aplicada, Colegio de Postgraduados, Campus Córdoba, Amatlán de los Reyes, Veracruz 94953, Mexico;
| | - Julio S. Bernal
- Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-2475, USA;
| | | | - Jovita Martínez-Tlapa
- Red de Manejo Biorracional de Plagas y Vectores, Clúster Científico y Tecnológico BioMimic, Instituto de Ecología, A.C., Xalapa, Veracruz 91073, Mexico; (J.M.-T.); (A.B.)
| | - Andrea Birke
- Red de Manejo Biorracional de Plagas y Vectores, Clúster Científico y Tecnológico BioMimic, Instituto de Ecología, A.C., Xalapa, Veracruz 91073, Mexico; (J.M.-T.); (A.B.)
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Presa-Parra E, Hernández-Rosas F, Bernal JS, Valenzuela-González JE, Altúzar-Molina A, Birke A. Occurrence, Identification, and Virulence of Native Fungal Pathogens Isolated From Mexican Fruit Fly (Diptera: Tephritidae) Larvae From Soils of Three Cropping Systems. JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 2020; 113:1088-1096. [PMID: 31993643 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toaa012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The Mexican fruit fly, Anastrepha ludens Loew, is a significant pest in mango and citrus production areas of Mexico. In this study, we evaluated the effects of some geographic characteristics, rainfall period, soil micro-environmental, and soil coverage variables on the occurrence of entomopathogenic fungi (EPF) associated with A. ludens larvae in soils of mango, grapefruit and mixed crops in central Veracruz state, Mexico. EPF isolates were characterized morphologically and identified by sequence analysis of elongation factor (EF1-1018F, EF1-1620R). We recorded four species of EPF (Metarhizium robertsii J.F. Bisch, S.A. Rehner & Humber [Hypocreales: Cordycipitaceae], M. brunneum Petch [Hypocreales: Cordycipitaceae], M. pinghaense Q.T. Chen & H.L. Guo [Hypocreales: Cordycipitaceae], and Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin [Hypocreales: Cordycipitaceae]), of which Metarhizium robertsii was the most abundant and the most virulent. Also, we found that rainfall period, organic matter, coverage of herbs and forbs, and calcium levels modulated EPF occurrence. We estimated lethal concentrations for A. ludens larvae of the four most promising isolates, V3-123, V3-160, V1-332, and V3-369. Our results suggest that M. robertsii obtained from agricultural soils holds potential as a biological control agent for A. ludens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehdibaldo Presa-Parra
- Clúster Científico y Tecnológico BioMimic, Red de Manejo Biorracional de Plagas y Vectores, Instituto de Ecología A.C., Xalapa, Veracruz, México
| | - Francisco Hernández-Rosas
- Biotecnología Microbiana Aplicada, Colegio de Postgraduados, Campus Córdoba, Amatlán de los Reyes, Veracruz, México
| | - Julio S Bernal
- Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, México
| | | | - Alma Altúzar-Molina
- Clúster Científico y Tecnológico BioMimic, Red de Manejo Biorracional de Plagas y Vectores, Instituto de Ecología A.C., Xalapa, Veracruz, México
| | - Andrea Birke
- Clúster Científico y Tecnológico BioMimic, Red de Manejo Biorracional de Plagas y Vectores, Instituto de Ecología A.C., Xalapa, Veracruz, México
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Papathanos PA, Bourtzis K, Tripet F, Bossin H, Virginio JF, Capurro ML, Pedrosa MC, Guindo A, Sylla L, Coulibaly MB, Yao FA, Epopa PS, Diabate A. A perspective on the need and current status of efficient sex separation methods for mosquito genetic control. Parasit Vectors 2018; 11:654. [PMID: 30583720 PMCID: PMC6304774 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-018-3222-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Major efforts are currently underway to develop novel, complementary methods to combat mosquito-borne diseases. Mosquito genetic control strategies (GCSs) have become an increasingly important area of research on account of their species-specificity, track record in targeting agricultural insect pests, and their environmentally non-polluting nature. A number of programs targeting Aedes and Anopheles mosquitoes, vectors of human arboviruses and malaria respectively, are currently being developed or deployed in many parts of the world. Operationally implementing these technologies on a large scale however, beyond proof-of-concept pilot programs, is hampered by the absence of adequate sex separation methods. Sex separation eliminates females in the laboratory from male mosquitoes prior to release. Despite the need for sex separation for the control of mosquitoes, there have been limited efforts in recent years in developing systems that are fit-for-purpose. In this special issue of Parasites and Vectors we report on the progress of the global Coordinated Research Program on “Exploring genetic, molecular, mechanical and behavioural methods for sex separation in mosquitoes” that is led by the Insect Pest Control Subprogramme of the Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture with the specific aim of building efficient sex separation systems for mosquito species. In an effort to overcome current barriers we briefly highlight what we believe are the three main reasons why progress has been so slow in developing appropriate sex separation systems: the availability of methods that are not scalable, the difficulty of building the ideal genetic systems and, finally, the lack of research efforts in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippos Aris Papathanos
- Department of Entomology, The Robert H Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel.
| | - Kostas Bourtzis
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Vienna, Austria
| | - Frederic Tripet
- Centre for Applied Entomology and Parasitology, School of Life Sciences, Keele University, Keele, Staffordshire, UK
| | - Hervé Bossin
- Laboratoire d'Entomologie Médicale, Institut Louis Malardé, BP 30, 98713, Papeete, French Polynesia.,Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, AP-HM, SSA, VITROME, IHU-Méditerranée infection, Marseille, France
| | | | - Margareth Lara Capurro
- Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Michelle Cristine Pedrosa
- Biofabrica Moscamed Brazil, Industrial District, Juazeiro, BA, Brazil.,Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Amadou Guindo
- Malaria Research and Training Center, Université des Sciences, des Techniques et des Technologies de Bamako, Point G, Bamako, BP: 1805, Mali
| | - Lakamy Sylla
- Malaria Research and Training Center, Université des Sciences, des Techniques et des Technologies de Bamako, Point G, Bamako, BP: 1805, Mali
| | - Mamadou B Coulibaly
- Malaria Research and Training Center, Université des Sciences, des Techniques et des Technologies de Bamako, Point G, Bamako, BP: 1805, Mali
| | - Franck Adama Yao
- Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Sante, Centre Muraz, Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso
| | - Patric Stephane Epopa
- Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Sante, Centre Muraz, Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso
| | - Abdoulaye Diabate
- Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Sante, Centre Muraz, Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso
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Mastrangelo T, Kovaleski A, Botteon V, Scopel W, Costa MDLZ. Optimization of the sterilizing doses and overflooding ratios for the South American fruit fly. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0201026. [PMID: 30028883 PMCID: PMC6054417 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0201026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 07/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The Sterile Insect Technique (SIT) is an autocidal control method that relies on inundative releases of sterilized mass-reared insects. This technology has been used in several area-wide programmes for the suppression/eradication of fruit fly populations. Choosing the optimum sterilizing dose and the sterile release density is an essential step of the SIT. Considering unsolved issues related to the application of this technique against Anastrepha fraterculus (Wiedemann), this study aimed to define accurately the central target dose for both sexes of this species and to verify the induction of sterility in fertile flies at different sterile:fertile ratios. The results from the regression analyses proved that the sterilization process for the A. fraterculus Brazilian-1 morphotype (the most common in southern Brazil and Argentina) could consist of irradiating pupae 72 h before adult emergence at 40 Gy, with no detrimental effects to standard quality control parameters. The ovarian development in irradiated females was characterized, demonstrating that doses equal to or higher than 25 Gy cause complete and irreversible ovarian atrophy. The laboratory and field cage tests showed that the sterility induction increased with the proportion of sterile flies, and a sterile:fertile ratio of 50:1 should be appropriate in SIT field trials. The sterile females apparently did not distract the sterile males, despite of the slightly higher reductions in pupal yield for all ratios in their absence. The data generated in this study have a great practical value and will help decision-makers in planning field trials to evaluate the efficacy of the SIT against A. fraterculus populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiago Mastrangelo
- Centro de Energia Nuclear na Agricultura (CENA), Universidade de São Paulo, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Adalecio Kovaleski
- Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (EMBRAPA), Estação Experimental de Fruticultura de Clima Temperado, Vacaria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Victor Botteon
- Centro de Energia Nuclear na Agricultura (CENA), Universidade de São Paulo, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Wanessa Scopel
- Escola Superior de Agricultura ‘Luiz de Queiroz’ (ESALQ), Universidade de São Paulo, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
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