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Sollazzo G, Nikolouli K, Gouvi G, Aumann RA, Schetelig MF, Bourtzis K. Deep orange gene editing triggers temperature-sensitive lethal phenotypes in Ceratitis capitata. BMC Biotechnol 2024; 24:7. [PMID: 38302991 PMCID: PMC10835909 DOI: 10.1186/s12896-024-00832-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata, is a significant agricultural pest managed through area-wide integrated pest management (AW-IPM) including a sterile insect technique (SIT) component. Male-only releases increase the efficiency and cost-effectiveness of SIT programs, which can be achieved through the development of genetic sexing strains (GSS). The most successful GSS developed to date is the C. capitata VIENNA 8 GSS, constructed using classical genetic approaches and an irradiation-induced translocation with two selectable markers: the white pupae (wp) and temperature-sensitive lethal (tsl) genes. However, currently used methods for selecting suitable markers and inducing translocations are stochastic and non-specific, resulting in a laborious and time-consuming process. Recent efforts have focused on identifying the gene(s) and the causal mutation(s) for suitable phenotypes, such as wp and tsl, which could be used as selectable markers for developing a generic approach for constructing GSS. The wp gene was recently identified, and efforts have been initiated to identify the tsl gene. This study investigates Ceratitis capitata deep orange (Ccdor) as a tsl candidate gene and its potential to induce tsl phenotypes. RESULTS An integrated approach based on cytogenetics, genomics, bioinformatics, and gene editing was used to characterize the Ccdor. Its location was confirmed on the right arm of chromosome 5 in the putative tsl genomic region. Knock-out of Ccdor using CRISPR/Cas9-NHEJ and targeting the fourth exon resulted in lethality at mid- and late-pupal stage, while the successful application of CRISPR HDR introducing a point mutation on the sixth exon resulted in the establishment of the desired strain and two additional strains (dor 12del and dor 51dup), all of them expressing tsl phenotypes and presenting no (or minimal) fitness cost when reared at 25 °C. One of the strains exhibited complete lethality when embryos were exposed at 36 °C. CONCLUSIONS Gene editing of the deep orange gene in Ceratitis capitata resulted in the establishment of temperature-sensitive lethal mutant strains. The induced mutations did not significantly affect the rearing efficiency of the strains. As deep orange is a highly conserved gene, these data suggest that it can be considered a target for the development of tsl mutations which could potentially be used to develop novel genetic sexing strains in insect pests and disease vectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Germano Sollazzo
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Friedensstrasse 1, Seibersdorf, 2444, Austria
- Institute for Insect Biotechnology, Department of Insect Biotechnology in Plant Protection, Justus-Liebig-University Gießen, Winchesterstr. 2, Gießen, 35394, Germany
- Present address: Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Sir Alexander Fleming Building, South Kensington Campus, Imperial College Road, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Katerina Nikolouli
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Friedensstrasse 1, Seibersdorf, 2444, Austria
| | - Georgia Gouvi
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Friedensstrasse 1, Seibersdorf, 2444, Austria
- Laboratory of Systems Microbiology and Applied Genomics, Department of Sustainable Agriculture, University of Patras, 2 G. Seferi St., Agrinio, 30100, Greece
- Present address: Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Sir Alexander Fleming Building, South Kensington Campus, Imperial College Road, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Roswitha A Aumann
- Institute for Insect Biotechnology, Department of Insect Biotechnology in Plant Protection, Justus-Liebig-University Gießen, Winchesterstr. 2, Gießen, 35394, Germany
| | - Marc F Schetelig
- Institute for Insect Biotechnology, Department of Insect Biotechnology in Plant Protection, Justus-Liebig-University Gießen, Winchesterstr. 2, Gießen, 35394, Germany.
| | - Kostas Bourtzis
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Friedensstrasse 1, Seibersdorf, 2444, Austria.
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Cáceres C, Bourtzis K, Gouvi G, Vreysen MJB, Bimbilé Somda NS, Hejníčková M, Marec F, Meza JS. Development of a novel genetic sexing strain of Ceratitis capitata based on an X-autosome translocation. Sci Rep 2023; 13:16167. [PMID: 37758733 PMCID: PMC10533888 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-43164-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Genetic sexing strains (GSS), such as the Ceratitis capitata (medfly) VIENNA 8 strain, facilitate male-only releases and improve the efficiency and cost-effectiveness of sterile insect technique (SIT) applications. Laboratory domestication may reduce their genetic diversity and mating behaviour and hence, refreshment with wild genetic material is frequently needed. As wild males do not carry the T(Y;A) translocation, and wild females do not easily conform to artificial oviposition, the genetic refreshment of this GSS is a challenging and time-consuming process. In the present study, we report the development of a novel medfly GSS, which is based on a viable homozygous T(XX;AA) translocation using the same selectable markers, the white pupae and temperature-sensitive lethal genes. This allows the en masse cross of T(XX;AA) females with wild males, and the backcrossing of F1 males with the T(XX;AA) females thus facilitating the re-establishment of the GSS as well as its genetic refreshment. The rearing efficiency and mating competitiveness of the novel GSS are similar to those of the T(Y;A)-based VIENNA 8 GSS. However, its advantage to easily allow the genetic refreshment is of great importance as it can ensure the mass production of high-quality males and enhanced efficacy of operational SIT programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Cáceres
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, International Atomic Energy Agency, 2444, Seibersdorf, Austria.
| | - Kostas Bourtzis
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, International Atomic Energy Agency, 2444, Seibersdorf, Austria
| | - Georgia Gouvi
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, International Atomic Energy Agency, 2444, Seibersdorf, Austria
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Sir Alexander Fleming Building, South Kensington Campus, London, UK
| | - Marc J B Vreysen
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, International Atomic Energy Agency, 2444, Seibersdorf, Austria
| | - Nanwintoum Séverin Bimbilé Somda
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, International Atomic Energy Agency, 2444, Seibersdorf, Austria
- Unité de Formation et de Recherche en Sciences et Technologies (UFR/ST), Université Norbert ZONGO (UNZ), BP 376, Koudougou, Burkina Faso
| | - Martina Hejníčková
- Biology Centre CAS, Institute of Entomology, 370 05, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, 370 05, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - František Marec
- Biology Centre CAS, Institute of Entomology, 370 05, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - José S Meza
- Programa Operativo de Moscas, SADER-SENASICA/IICA, Camino a los Cacaotales S/N, CP 30860, Metapa de Domínguez, Chiapas, México
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Drosopoulou E, Gariou-Papalexiou A, Gouvi G, Augustinos AA, Bourtzis K, Zacharopoulou A. A comparative analysis of the chromosomes of three FARQ species complex members, Ceratitis rosa, C. quilicii, and C. fasciventris F2 (Diptera: Tephritidae). Bull Entomol Res 2023; 113:537-545. [PMID: 37325903 DOI: 10.1017/s0007485323000214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The Ceratitis FARQ species complex consists of four highly destructive agricultural pests of Africa, namely C. fasciventris, C. anonae, C. rosa, and C. quilicii. The members of the complex are considered very closely related and the species limits among them are rather obscure. Their economic significance and the need for developing biological methods for their control makes species identification within the complex an important issue, which has become clear that can only be addressed by multidisciplinary approaches. Chromosomes, both mitotic and polytene, can provide a useful tool for species characterization and phylogenetic inference among closely related dipteran species. In the current study, we present the mitotic karyotype and the polytene chromosomes of C. rosa and C. quilicii together with in situ hybridization data. We performed a comparative cytogenetic analysis among the above two species and C. fasciventris, the only other cytogenetically studied member of the FARQ complex, by comparing the mitotic complement and the banding pattern of the polytene chromosomes of each species to the others, as well as by studying the polytene chromosomes of hybrids between them. Our analysis revealed no detectable chromosomal rearrangements discriminating the three FARQ members studied, confirming their close phylogenetic relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Drosopoulou
- Department of Genetics, Development and Molecular Biology, School of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | | | - Georgia Gouvi
- Laboratory of Systems Microbiology and Applied Genomics, Department of Environmental Engineering, University of Patras, Greece
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Seibersdorf, Austria
| | - Antonios A Augustinos
- Department of Plant Protection Patras, Institute of Industrial and Forage Crops, Hellenic Agricultural Organization 'DIMITRA', Patras, Greece
| | - Kostas Bourtzis
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Seibersdorf, Austria
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Sollazzo G, Gouvi G, Nikolouli K, Aumann RA, Djambazian H, Whitehead MA, Berube P, Chen SH, Tsiamis G, Darby AC, Ragoussis J, Schetelig MF, Bourtzis K. Genomic and cytogenetic analysis of the Ceratitis capitata temperature-sensitive lethal region. G3 (Bethesda) 2023:7093084. [PMID: 36988332 DOI: 10.1093/g3journal/jkad074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
Genetic sexing strains (GSS) are an important tool in support of sterile insect technique (SIT) applications against insect pests and disease vectors. The yet unknown temperature-sensitive lethal (tsl) gene and the recently identified white pupae (wp) gene have been used as selectable markers in the most successful GSS developed so far, the Ceratitis capitata (medfly) VIENNA 8 GSS. The molecular identification of the tsl gene may open the way for its use as a marker for the development of GSS in other insect pests and disease vectors of SIT importance. Prior studies have already shown that the tsl gene is located on the right arm of chromosome 5, between the wp and Zw loci (tsl genomic region). In the present study, we used genomic, transcriptomic, bioinformatic, and cytogenetic approaches to characterize and analyze this genomic region in wild-type and tsl mutant medfly strains. Our results suggested the presence of 561 genes, with 322 of them carrying SNPs and/or insertion-deletion (indel) mutations in the tsl genomic region. Furthermore, comparative transcriptomic analysis indicated the presence of 32 differentially expressed genes, and bioinformatic analysis revealed the presence of 33 orthologs with a described heat-sensitive phenotype of Drosophila melanogaster in this region. These data can be used in functional genetic studies to identify the tsl gene(s) and the causal mutation(s) responsible for the temperature-sensitive lethal phenotype in medfly, and potentially additional genes causing a similar phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Germano Sollazzo
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Friedensstrasse 1, 2444 Seibersdorf, Austria
- Justus-Liebig-University Gießen, Institute for Insect Biotechnology, Department of Insect Biotechnology in Plant Protection, Winchesterstr. 2, 35394 Gießen, Germany
| | - Georgia Gouvi
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Friedensstrasse 1, 2444 Seibersdorf, Austria
- Laboratory of Systems Microbiology and Applied Genomics, Department of Sustainable Agriculture, University of Patras, 2 G. Seferi St., 30100, Agrinio, Greece
| | - Katerina Nikolouli
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Friedensstrasse 1, 2444 Seibersdorf, Austria
| | - Roswitha A Aumann
- Justus-Liebig-University Gießen, Institute for Insect Biotechnology, Department of Insect Biotechnology in Plant Protection, Winchesterstr. 2, 35394 Gießen, Germany
| | - Haig Djambazian
- McGill University Genome Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0G4, Canada
| | - Mark A Whitehead
- Centre for Genomic Research, Institute of Integrative Biology, The Biosciences Building, Crown Street, L69 7ZB Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Pierre Berube
- McGill University Genome Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0G4, Canada
| | - Shu-Huang Chen
- McGill University Genome Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0G4, Canada
| | - George Tsiamis
- Laboratory of Systems Microbiology and Applied Genomics, Department of Sustainable Agriculture, University of Patras, 2 G. Seferi St., 30100, Agrinio, Greece
| | - Alistair C Darby
- Centre for Genomic Research, Institute of Integrative Biology, The Biosciences Building, Crown Street, L69 7ZB Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Jiannis Ragoussis
- McGill University Genome Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0G4, Canada
| | - Marc F Schetelig
- Justus-Liebig-University Gießen, Institute for Insect Biotechnology, Department of Insect Biotechnology in Plant Protection, Winchesterstr. 2, 35394 Gießen, Germany
| | - Kostas Bourtzis
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Friedensstrasse 1, 2444 Seibersdorf, Austria
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Dieng MM, Augustinos AA, Demirbas-Uzel G, Doudoumis V, Parker AG, Tsiamis G, Mach RL, Bourtzis K, Abd-Alla AMM. Interactions between Glossina pallidipes salivary gland hypertrophy virus and tsetse endosymbionts in wild tsetse populations. Parasit Vectors 2022; 15:447. [PMID: 36447246 PMCID: PMC9707009 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-022-05536-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tsetse control is considered an effective and sustainable tactic for the control of cyclically transmitted trypanosomosis in the absence of effective vaccines and inexpensive, effective drugs. The sterile insect technique (SIT) is currently used to eliminate tsetse fly populations in an area-wide integrated pest management (AW-IPM) context in Senegal. For SIT, tsetse mass rearing is a major milestone that associated microbes can influence. Tsetse flies can be infected with microorganisms, including the primary and obligate Wigglesworthia glossinidia, the commensal Sodalis glossinidius, and Wolbachia pipientis. In addition, tsetse populations often carry a pathogenic DNA virus, the Glossina pallidipes salivary gland hypertrophy virus (GpSGHV) that hinders tsetse fertility and fecundity. Interactions between symbionts and pathogens might affect the performance of the insect host. METHODS In the present study, we assessed associations of GpSGHV and tsetse endosymbionts under field conditions to decipher the possible bidirectional interactions in different Glossina species. We determined the co-infection pattern of GpSGHV and Wolbachia in natural tsetse populations. We further analyzed the interaction of both Wolbachia and GpSGHV infections with Sodalis and Wigglesworthia density using qPCR. RESULTS The results indicated that the co-infection of GpSGHV and Wolbachia was most prevalent in Glossina austeni and Glossina morsitans morsitans, with an explicit significant negative correlation between GpSGHV and Wigglesworthia density. GpSGHV infection levels > 103.31 seem to be absent when Wolbachia infection is present at high density (> 107.36), suggesting a potential protective role of Wolbachia against GpSGHV. CONCLUSION The result indicates that Wolbachia infection might interact (with an undefined mechanism) antagonistically with SGHV infection protecting tsetse fly against GpSGHV, and the interactions between the tsetse host and its associated microbes are dynamic and likely species specific; significant differences may exist between laboratory and field conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mouhamadou M. Dieng
- grid.420221.70000 0004 0403 8399Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Wagrammer Straße 5, 100, 1400 Vienna, Austria
| | - Antonios A. Augustinos
- grid.420221.70000 0004 0403 8399Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Wagrammer Straße 5, 100, 1400 Vienna, Austria ,Present Address: Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Industrial and Forage Crops, Hellenic Agricultural Organization-Demeter, 26442 Patras, Greece
| | - Güler Demirbas-Uzel
- grid.420221.70000 0004 0403 8399Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Wagrammer Straße 5, 100, 1400 Vienna, Austria
| | - Vangelis Doudoumis
- grid.11047.330000 0004 0576 5395Laboratory of Systems Microbiology and Applied Genomics, Department of Environmental Engineering, University of Patras, 2 Seferi Str., 30100 Agrinio, Greece
| | - Andrew G. Parker
- grid.420221.70000 0004 0403 8399Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Wagrammer Straße 5, 100, 1400 Vienna, Austria ,Present Address: Roppersbergweg 15, 2381 Laab im Walde, Austria
| | - George Tsiamis
- grid.11047.330000 0004 0576 5395Laboratory of Systems Microbiology and Applied Genomics, Department of Environmental Engineering, University of Patras, 2 Seferi Str., 30100 Agrinio, Greece
| | - Robert L. Mach
- grid.5329.d0000 0001 2348 4034Institute of Chemical, Environmental, and Biological Engineering, Research Area Biochemical Technology, Vienna University of Technology, Gumpendorfer Straße 1a, 1060 Vienna, Austria
| | - Kostas Bourtzis
- grid.420221.70000 0004 0403 8399Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Wagrammer Straße 5, 100, 1400 Vienna, Austria
| | - Adly M. M. Abd-Alla
- grid.420221.70000 0004 0403 8399Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Wagrammer Straße 5, 100, 1400 Vienna, Austria
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Chen C, Compton A, Nikolouli K, Wang A, Aryan A, Sharma A, Qi Y, Dellinger C, Hempel M, Potters M, Augustinos A, Severson DW, Bourtzis K, Tu Z. Marker-assisted mapping enables forward genetic analysis in Aedes aegypti, an arboviral vector with vast recombination deserts. Genetics 2022; 222:iyac140. [PMID: 36083009 PMCID: PMC9630976 DOI: 10.1093/genetics/iyac140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Aedes aegypti is a major vector of arboviruses that cause dengue, chikungunya, yellow fever, and Zika. Although recent success in reverse genetics has facilitated rapid progress in basic and applied research, integration of forward genetics with modern technologies remains challenging in this important species, as up to 47% of its chromosome is refractory to genetic mapping due to extremely low rate of recombination. Here, we report the development of a marker-assisted mapping strategy to readily screen for and genotype only the rare but informative recombinants, drastically increasing both the resolution and signal-to-noise ratio. Using marker-assisted mapping, we mapped a transgene that was inserted in a >100-Mb recombination desert and a sex-linked spontaneous red-eye (re) mutation just outside the region. We subsequently determined, by CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knockout, that cardinal is the causal gene of re, which is the first forward genetic identification of a causal gene in Ae. aegypti. The identification of the causal gene of the sex-linked re mutation provides the molecular foundation for using gene editing to develop versatile and stable genetic sexing methods. To facilitate genome-wide forward genetics in Ae. aegypti, we generated and compiled a number of lines with markers throughout the genome. Thus, by overcoming the challenges presented by the vast recombination deserts and the scarcity of markers, we have shown that effective forward genetic analysis is increasingly feasible in this important arboviral vector species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chujia Chen
- Genetics Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Program, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
- Fralin Life Sciences Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Austin Compton
- Fralin Life Sciences Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Katerina Nikolouli
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, IAEA Laboratories, 2444 Seibersdorf, Austria
| | - Aihua Wang
- Fralin Life Sciences Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Azadeh Aryan
- Fralin Life Sciences Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Atashi Sharma
- Fralin Life Sciences Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Yumin Qi
- Fralin Life Sciences Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Camden Dellinger
- Fralin Life Sciences Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Melanie Hempel
- Fralin Life Sciences Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Mark Potters
- Fralin Life Sciences Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Antonios Augustinos
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, IAEA Laboratories, 2444 Seibersdorf, Austria
| | - David W Severson
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
| | - Kostas Bourtzis
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, IAEA Laboratories, 2444 Seibersdorf, Austria
| | - Zhijian Tu
- Genetics Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Program, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
- Fralin Life Sciences Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
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7
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Misbah-ul-Haq M, Augustinos AA, Carvalho DO, Duran de la Fuente L, Bourtzis K. The Effect of an Irradiation-Induced Recombination Suppressing Inversion on the Genetic Stability and Biological Quality of a White Eye-Based Aedes aegypti Genetic Sexing Strain. Insects 2022; 13:946. [PMID: 36292893 PMCID: PMC9604213 DOI: 10.3390/insects13100946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Aedes aegypti is the primary vector of diseases such as dengue, chikungunya, Zika fever, and yellow fever. The sterile insect technique (SIT) has been proposed as a species-specific and environment-friendly tool for the suppression of mosquito vector populations as a major component of integrated vector management strategies. As female mosquitoes are blood-feeders and may transmit pathogenic microorganisms, mosquito SIT depends on the release of sterile males. Genetic sexing strains (GSS) can be used for the efficient and robust separation of males from females. Two Ae. aegypti GSS were recently developed by exploiting eye colour mutations, resulting in the Red-eye GSS (RGSS) and the White-eye GSS (WGSS). In this study, we compared two WGSS, with and without the chromosomal inversion 35 (Inv35), and evaluated their biological quality, including genetic stability. Our results suggest that the WGSS/Inv35 presents a low recombination rate and long-term genetic stability when recombinants are removed from the colony (filtering) and a slow accumulation of recombinants when they are not removed from the colony (non-filtering). The two strains were similar with respect to fecundity, pupal and adult recovery rates, pupation curve, and pupal weight. However, differences were detected in fertility, survival rate of females, and flight ability of males. The WGSS/Inv35 presented lower fertility, higher survival rate of females, and better flight ability of males compared to the WGSS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Misbah-ul-Haq
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, 2444 Seibersdorf, Austria
- Nuclear Institute for Food and Agriculture, Peshawar 446, Pakistan
| | - Antonios A. Augustinos
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, 2444 Seibersdorf, Austria
| | - Danilo O. Carvalho
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, 2444 Seibersdorf, Austria
| | - Lucia Duran de la Fuente
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, 2444 Seibersdorf, Austria
| | - Kostas Bourtzis
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, 2444 Seibersdorf, Austria
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8
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Sollazzo G, Gouvi G, Nikolouli K, Martinez EIC, Schetelig MF, Bourtzis K. Temperature Sensitivity of Wild-Type, Mutant and Genetic Sexing Strains of Ceratitis capitata. Insects 2022; 13:943. [PMID: 36292891 PMCID: PMC9604331 DOI: 10.3390/insects13100943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Area-wide integrated pest management (AW-IPM) programmes with a sterile insect technique component (SIT) are used to control populations of insect pests worldwide, including the Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata. SIT consists of the mass rearing, radiation-induced sterilization, handling, and release of sterile insects over the target area. Although SIT can be performed by using both sterile males and females, male-only releases significantly increase the efficiency and cost-effectiveness of SIT applications. Male-only releases can be achieved by using genetic sexing strains (GSS). The medfly VIENNA 8 GSS is based on two selectable markers, the white pupae (wp) gene, and the temperature-sensitive lethal (tsl) genes. The latter allows the elimination of females by exposing embryos to elevated temperatures. This study assessed the temperature sensitivity of twenty-seven medfly strains through a TSLT. Our results indicated significant differences among the strains regarding egg hatching as well as pupal and adult recovery rates due to the presence or absence of the tsl mutation and/or the genetic background of the strains. Our findings are discussed in the context of SIT applications, the importance of the tsl gene for developing genetic sexing strains, and climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Germano Sollazzo
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, IAEA Laboratories, 2444 Seibersdorf, Austria
- Department of Insect Biotechnology in Plant Protection, Institute for Insect Biotechnology, Justus-Liebig-University Gießen, Winchesterstr. 2, 35394 Gießen, Germany
| | - Georgia Gouvi
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, IAEA Laboratories, 2444 Seibersdorf, Austria
- Department of Environmental Engineering, University of Patras, 2 Seferi Str., 30100 Agrinio, Greece
| | - Katerina Nikolouli
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, IAEA Laboratories, 2444 Seibersdorf, Austria
| | - Elena I. Cancio Martinez
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, IAEA Laboratories, 2444 Seibersdorf, Austria
| | - Marc F. Schetelig
- Department of Insect Biotechnology in Plant Protection, Institute for Insect Biotechnology, Justus-Liebig-University Gießen, Winchesterstr. 2, 35394 Gießen, Germany
| | - Kostas Bourtzis
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, IAEA Laboratories, 2444 Seibersdorf, Austria
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9
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Kyritsis GA, Koskinioti P, Bourtzis K, Papadopoulos NT. Effect of Wolbachia Infection and Adult Food on the Sexual Signaling of Males of the Mediterranean Fruit Fly Ceratitis capitata. Insects 2022; 13:737. [PMID: 36005362 PMCID: PMC9409120 DOI: 10.3390/insects13080737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Sexual signaling is a fundamental component of sexual behavior of Ceratitis capitata that highly determines males' mating success. Nutritional status and age are dominant factors known to affect males' signaling performance and define the female decision to accept a male as a sexual partner. Wolbachia pipientis, a widespread endosymbiotic bacterium of insects and other arthropods, exerts several biological effects on its hosts. However, the effects of Wolbachia infection on the sexual behavior of medfly and the interaction between Wolbachia infection and adult food remain unexplored. This study was conducted to determine the effects of Wolbachia on sexual signaling of protein-fed and protein-deprived males. Our findings demonstrate that: (a) Wolbachia infection reduced male sexual signaling rates in both food regimes; (b) the negative effect of Wolbachia infection was more pronounced on protein-fed than protein-deprived males, and it was higher at younger ages, indicating that the bacterium regulates male sexual maturity; (c) Wolbachia infection alters the daily pattern of sexual signaling; and (d) protein deprivation bears significant descent on sexual signaling frequency of the uninfected males, whereas no difference was observed for the Wolbachia-infected males. The impact of our findings on the implementation of Incompatible Insect Technique (IIT) or the combined SIT/IIT towards controlling insect pests is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgios A. Kyritsis
- Laboratory of Entomology and Agricultural Zoology, Department of Agriculture Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly, Phytokou St., 38446 New Ionia, Greece
| | - Panagiota Koskinioti
- Laboratory of Entomology and Agricultural Zoology, Department of Agriculture Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly, Phytokou St., 38446 New Ionia, Greece
| | - Kostas Bourtzis
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, 2444 Seibersdorf, Austria
| | - Nikos T. Papadopoulos
- Laboratory of Entomology and Agricultural Zoology, Department of Agriculture Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly, Phytokou St., 38446 New Ionia, Greece
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10
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Hendrycks W, Delatte H, Moquet L, Bourtzis K, Mullens N, De Meyer M, Backeljau T, Virgilio M. Eating eggplants as a cucurbit feeder: Dietary shifts affect the gut microbiome of the melon fly Zeugodacus cucurbitae (Diptera, Tephritidae). Microbiologyopen 2022; 11:e1307. [PMID: 36031958 PMCID: PMC9380402 DOI: 10.1002/mbo3.1307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
While contemporary changes in feeding preferences have been documented in phytophagous insects, the mechanisms behind these processes remain to be fully clarified. In this context, the insect gut microbiome plays a central role in adaptation to novel host plants. The cucurbit frugivorous fruit fly Zeugodacus cucurbitae (Diptera, Tephritidae) has occasionally been reported on "unconventional" host plants from different families, including Solanaceae. In this study, we focus on wild parental (F0 ) adults and semiwild first filial (F1 ) larvae of Z. cucurbitae from multiple sites in La Réunion and explore how the gut microbiome composition changes when this fly is feeding on a noncucurbit host (Solanum melongena). Our analyses show nonobvious gut microbiome responses following the F0 -F1 host shift and the importance of not just diet but also local effects, which heavily affected the diversity and composition of microbiomes. We identified the main bacterial genera responsible for differences between treatments. These data further stress the importance of a careful approach when drawing general conclusions based on laboratory populations or inadequately replicated field samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wouter Hendrycks
- Department of Biology, Royal Museum for Central Africa (RMCA), Tervuren, Belgium.,Evolutionary Ecology Group, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | | | - Laura Moquet
- UMR PVBMT, CIRAD, Saint-Pierre, La Réunion, France
| | - Kostas Bourtzis
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Vienna, Austria
| | - Nele Mullens
- Department of Biology, Royal Museum for Central Africa (RMCA), Tervuren, Belgium.,Evolutionary Ecology Group, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Marc De Meyer
- Department of Biology, Royal Museum for Central Africa (RMCA), Tervuren, Belgium
| | - Thierry Backeljau
- Evolutionary Ecology Group, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium.,OD Taxonomy and Phylogeny, Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences (RBINS), Brussels, Belgium
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11
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Dieng MM, Augustinos AA, Demirbas-uzel G, Doudoumis V, Parker AG, Tsiamis G, Mach RL, Bourtzis K, Abd-alla AMM. Interactions between Glossina pallidipes Salivary Gland Hypertrophy Virus and tsetse endosymbionts in wild tsetse populations.. [DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-1139411/v2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Tsetse control is considered an effective and sustainable tactic for the control of cyclically transmitted trypanosomosis in the absence of effective vaccines and inexpensive, effective drugs. The sterile insect technique (SIT) is currently used to eliminate tsetse fly populations in an area-wide integrated pest management (AW-IPM) context in Senegal. For SIT, tsetse mass-rearing is a major milestone that associated microbes can influence. Tsetse flies can be infected with micro-organisms, including the primary and obligate Wigglesworthia glossinidia, the commensal Sodalis glossinidius, and Wolbachia pipientis. In addition, tsetse populations often carry a pathogenic DNA virus, the Glossina pallidipes Salivary Gland Hypertrophy Virus (GpSGHV) that hinders tsetse fertility and fecundity. Interactions between symbionts and pathogens might affect the performance of the insect host.
Methods
In the present study, we assessed associations of GpSGHV and tsetse endosymbionts under field conditions to decipher the possible bidirectional interactions in different Glossina species. We determined the co-infection pattern of GpSGHV and Wolbachia in natural tsetse populations. We further analyzed the interaction of both Wolbachia and GpSGHV infection with Sodalis and Wigglesworthia density using qPCR.
Results
The results indicated that the co-infection of GpSGHV and Wolbachia was most prevalent in Glossina austeni and Glossina morsitans morsitans, with an explicit significant negative correlation between GpSGHV and Wigglesworthia density. GpSGHV infection levels of more than 103.31 seems to be absent when Wolbachia infection was present at high density (> 107.36, suggesting a potential protective role of Wolbachia against GpSGHV.
Conclusion
The result indicates that Wolbachia infection might interact (with an undefined mechanism) antagonistically with SGHV infection protecting tsetse fly against GpSGHV, and the interactions between the tsetse host and its associated microbes are dynamic, likely species-specific and significant differences may exist between laboratory and field conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Andrew G. Parker
- Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food & Agriculture
| | | | | | - Kostas Bourtzis
- Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food & Agriculture
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12
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Gouvi G, Gariou-Papalexiou A, Augustinos AA, Drosopoulou E, Tsiamis G, Bourtzis K, Zacharopoulou A. The Chromosomes of Zeugodacus tau and Zeugodacus cucurbitae: A Comparative Analysis. Front Ecol Evol 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2022.854723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Availability of polytene chromosomes and development of polytene chromosome maps have greatly facilitated genetic analysis in Diptera and understanding of chromosomal organization. In tephritids, following the first polytene chromosome maps constructed for the Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata, additional maps have been developed for only few species belonging to the main genera of agricultural importance that are Anastrepha, Bactrocera, Ceratitis, Dacus, Rhagoletis, and Zeugodacus. Comparison of the polytene chromosomes of these species has pointed to the presence of chromosomal rearrangements that can, at least partially, shed light to the chromosomal evolution in this family. Up to now, polytene chromosome maps are available only for one Zeugodacus species, that is Zeugodacus cucurbitae. Here we report the cytogenetic analysis of the mitotic and polytene chromosomes of the pumpkin fly, Zeugodacus tau, along with a comparative analysis with polytene chromosomes of Zeugodacus cucurbitae as well as other tephritids. In situ hybridization experiments resulting to chromosomal localization of selected genes in both species are also presented. The genes used as markers are hsp70, hsp83, scarlet and white pupae. The established homologies presented in this study verify that the two Zeugodacus species are genetically close and support the current taxonomic placement of the Zeugodacus genus. The differences in polytene chromosome level, in combination with results of in situ hybridization experiments, reveal the presence of chromosomal rearrangements, mainly inversions, to both closely and distantly related species, which could potentially be a useful diagnostic tool.
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13
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Misbah-ul-Haq M, Carvalho DO, Duran De La Fuente L, Augustinos AA, Bourtzis K. Genetic Stability and Fitness of Aedes aegypti Red-Eye Genetic Sexing Strains With Pakistani Genomic Background for Sterile Insect Technique Applications. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:871703. [PMID: 35433649 PMCID: PMC9009520 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.871703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The mosquito species Aedes aegypti is the primary transmitter of viruses that cause endemic diseases like dengue in Pakistan. It is also a cause of other vector-borne diseases like yellow fever, Zika fever, and chikungunya, which significantly impact human health worldwide. In the absence of efficient vaccines (except for yellow fever) or drugs, vector control methods, such as the sterile insect technique (SIT), have been proposed as additional tools for the management of these diseases. Mosquito SIT programs are based on the release of sterile males and it is important female releases to be ideally zero or to be kept at a minimum, since females are the ones that bite, blood-feed and transmit pathogens. Recently, an Ae. aegypti genetic sexing strain (GSS), with and without a recombination-suppressing inversion (Inv35), was developed using the eye color as a selectable marker, with males having black eyes and females red eyes. In the present study, we introgressed the sexing features and the Inv35 of the Ae. aegypti red-eye GSS into the Pakistani genomic background aiming to their future use for SIT applications in the country. Both introgressed strains, the Red-eye GSS-PAK and the Red-eye GSS/Inv35-PAK, were evaluated in respect to their genetic stability and biological quality by assessing parameters like recombination rate, fecundity, fertility, pupal and adult recovery, time of development, pupal weight, survival, and flight ability in comparison with a wild Pakistani population (PAK). The results suggest that the sexing features and the recombination suppression properties of Inv35 were not affected after their introgression into the local genomic background; however, some biological traits of the two newly constructed strains were affected, positively or negatively, suggesting that a thorough quality control analysis should be performed after the introgression of a GSS into a new genomic background prior to its use in SIT field trials or applications. The importance of using GSS with local genomic background for SIT applications against Aedes aegypti is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Misbah-ul-Haq
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Seibersdorf, Austria
- Nuclear Institute for Food and Agriculture, Peshawar, Pakistan
- *Correspondence: Muhammad Misbah-ul-Haq, ; Kostas Bourtzis,
| | - Danilo O. Carvalho
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Seibersdorf, Austria
| | - Lucia Duran De La Fuente
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Seibersdorf, Austria
| | - Antonios A. Augustinos
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Seibersdorf, Austria
| | - Kostas Bourtzis
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Seibersdorf, Austria
- *Correspondence: Muhammad Misbah-ul-Haq, ; Kostas Bourtzis,
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14
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Salgueiro J, Nussenbaum AL, Milla FH, Asimakis E, Goane L, Ruiz MJ, Bachmann GE, Vera MT, Stathopoulou P, Bourtzis K, Deutscher AT, Lanzavecchia SB, Tsiamis G, Segura DF. Analysis of the Gut Bacterial Community of Wild Larvae of Anastrepha fraterculus sp. 1: Effect of Host Fruit, Environment, and Prominent Stable Associations of the Genera Wolbachia, Tatumella, and Enterobacter. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:822990. [PMID: 35359740 PMCID: PMC8960962 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.822990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The genus Anastrepha (Diptera Tephritidae) includes some of the most important fruit fly pests in the Americas. Here, we studied the gut bacterial community of 3rd instar larvae of Anastrepha fraterculus sp. 1 through Next Generation Sequencing (lllumina) of the V3-V4 hypervariable region within the 16S rRNA gene. Gut bacterial communities were compared between host species (guava and peach), and geographical origins (Concordia and Horco Molle in Argentina) representing distinct ecological scenarios. In addition, we explored the effect of spatial scale by comparing the samples collected from different trees within each geographic origin and host species. We also addressed the effect of fruit size on bacterial diversity. The gut bacterial community was affected both by host species and geographic origin. At smaller spatial scales, the gut bacterial profile differed among trees of the same species and location at least in one host-location combination. There was no effect of fruit size on the larval gut bacteriome. Operational Taxonomic Units (OTUs) assigned to Wolbachia, Tatumella and Enterobacter were identified in all samples examined, which suggest potential, non-transient symbioses. Better knowledge on the larval gut bacteriome contributes valuable information to develop sustainable control strategies against A. fraterculus targeting key symbionts as the Achilles' heel to control this important fruit fly pest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julieta Salgueiro
- Instituto de Genética “Ewald A. Favret” (INTA) – GV IABIMO (CONICET), Hurlingham, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - A. Laura Nussenbaum
- Instituto de Genética “Ewald A. Favret” (INTA) – GV IABIMO (CONICET), Hurlingham, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Fabián H. Milla
- Instituto de Genética “Ewald A. Favret” (INTA) – GV IABIMO (CONICET), Hurlingham, Argentina
| | - Elias Asimakis
- Laboratory of Systems Microbiology and Applied Genomics, Department of Environmental Engineering, University of Patras, Agrinio, Greece
| | - Lucía Goane
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Facultad de Agronomía y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina
| | - M. Josefina Ruiz
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Facultad de Agronomía y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Guillermo E. Bachmann
- Instituto de Genética “Ewald A. Favret” (INTA) – GV IABIMO (CONICET), Hurlingham, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María T. Vera
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Facultad de Agronomía y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Panagiota Stathopoulou
- Laboratory of Systems Microbiology and Applied Genomics, Department of Environmental Engineering, University of Patras, Agrinio, Greece
| | - Kostas Bourtzis
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Center of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ania T. Deutscher
- Biosecurity and Food Safety, NSW Department of Primary Industries, Elizabeth Macarthur Agricultural Institute (EMAI), Menangle, NSW, Australia
| | - Silvia B. Lanzavecchia
- Instituto de Genética “Ewald A. Favret” (INTA) – GV IABIMO (CONICET), Hurlingham, Argentina
| | - George Tsiamis
- Laboratory of Systems Microbiology and Applied Genomics, Department of Environmental Engineering, University of Patras, Agrinio, Greece
| | - Diego F. Segura
- Instituto de Genética “Ewald A. Favret” (INTA) – GV IABIMO (CONICET), Hurlingham, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
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15
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Augustinos AA, Nikolouli K, Duran de la Fuente L, Misbah-ul-Haq M, Carvalho DO, Bourtzis K. Introgression of the Aedes aegypti Red-Eye Genetic Sexing Strains Into Different Genomic Backgrounds for Sterile Insect Technique Applications. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:821428. [PMID: 35186905 PMCID: PMC8847382 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.821428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Aedes aegypti is an invasive mosquito species and major vector of human arboviruses. A wide variety of control methods have been employed to combat mosquito populations. One of them is the sterile insect technique (SIT) that has recently attracted considerable research efforts due to its proven record of success and the absence of harmful environmental footprints. The efficiency and cost-effectiveness of SIT is significantly enhanced by male-only releases. For mosquito SIT, male-only releases are ideally needed since females bite, blood-feed and transmit the pathogens. Ae. aegypti genetic sexing strains (GSS) have recently become available and are based on eye colour mutations that were chosen as selectable markers. These genetic sexing strains were developed through classical genetics and it was shown to be subjected to genetic recombination, a phenomenon that is not suppressed in males as is the case in many Diptera. The genetic stability of these GSS was strengthened by the induction and isolation of radiation-induced inversions. In this study, we used the red eye mutation and the inversion Inv35 line of the Ae. aegypti red-eye GSS s and introgressed them in six different genomic backgrounds to develop GSS with the respective local genomic backgrounds. Our goal was to assess whether the recombination frequencies in the strains with and without the inversion are affected by the different genomic backgrounds. In all cases the recombination events were suppressed in all Inv35 GSS strains, thus indicating that the genomic background does not negatively affect the inversion result. Absence of any effect that could be ascribed to genetic differences, enables the introgression of the key elements of the GSS into the local genomic background prior to release to the target areas. Maintaining the local background increases the chances for successful matings between released males and wild females and addresses potential regulatory concerns regarding biosafety and biosecurity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonios A. Augustinos
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, IAEA Laboratories, Seibersdorf, Austria
- *Correspondence: Antonios A. Augustinos,
| | - Katerina Nikolouli
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, IAEA Laboratories, Seibersdorf, Austria
| | - Lucia Duran de la Fuente
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, IAEA Laboratories, Seibersdorf, Austria
| | - Muhammad Misbah-ul-Haq
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, IAEA Laboratories, Seibersdorf, Austria
- Nuclear Institute for Food and Agriculture, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Danilo O. Carvalho
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, IAEA Laboratories, Seibersdorf, Austria
| | - Kostas Bourtzis
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, IAEA Laboratories, Seibersdorf, Austria
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16
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Dieng MM, Augustinos AA, Demirbas-uzel G, Doudoumis V, Parker AG, Tsiamis G, Mach RL, Bourtzis K, Abd-alla A. Interactions Between Glossina Pallidipes Salivary Gland Hypertrophy Virus and Tsetse Endosymbionts in Wild Tsetse Populations.. [DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-1139411/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
BackgroundTherefore, tsetse control is considered an effective and sustainable tactic for the control of cyclically transmitted trypanosomosis in the absence of effective vaccines and inexpensive, effective drugs. The sterile insect technique (SIT) is currently used to eliminate tsetse fly populations in an area-wide integrated pest management (AW-IPM) context in Senegal. For SIT, tsetse mass-rearing is a major milestone that associated microbes can influence. Tsetse flies can be infected with micro-organisms, including the primary and obligate Wigglesworthia glossinidia, the commensal Sodalis glossinidius, and Wolbachia pipientis. In addition, tsetse populations often carry a pathogenic DNA virus, the Glossina pallidipes Salivary Gland Hypertrophy Virus (GpSGHV) that hinders tsetse fertility and fecundity. Interactions between symbionts and pathogens might affect the performance of the insect host. MethodsIn the present study, we assessed the possible interaction of GpSGHV and tsetse endosymbionts under field conditions to decipher the bidirectional interactions in different Glossina species. We determined the co-infection pattern of GpSGHV and Wolbachia in natural tsetse populations. We further analyzed the interaction of both Wolbachia and GpSGHV infection with Sodalis and Wigglesworthia density using qPCR. ResultsThe results indicated that the co-infection of GpSGHV and Wolbachia was most prevalent in Glossina austeni and Glossina morsitans morsitans, with an explicit significant negative correlation between GpSGHV and Wigglesworthia infection. GpSGHV infection levels of more than 104 were not observed when Wolbachia infection was present at high density (>108.5), suggesting a potential protective role of Wolbachia against GpSGHV. ConclusionThe result indicates that Wolbachia infection might protect tsetse fly against GpSGHV and the interactions between the tsetse host and its associated microbes are dynamic, likely species-specific and significant differences may exist between laboratory and field conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Robert L. Mach
- Vienna University of Technology: Technische Universitat Wien
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Nikolouli K, Sassù F, Ntougias S, Stauffer C, Cáceres C, Bourtzis K. Enterobacter sp. AA26 as a Protein Source in the Larval Diet of Drosophila suzukii. Insects 2021; 12:923. [PMID: 34680692 PMCID: PMC8539531 DOI: 10.3390/insects12100923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The Spotted-Wing Drosophila fly, Drosophila suzukii, is an invasive pest species infesting major agricultural soft fruits. Drosophila suzukii management is currently based on insecticide applications that bear major concerns regarding their efficiency, safety and environmental sustainability. The sterile insect technique (SIT) is an efficient and friendly to the environment pest control method that has been suggested for the D. suzukii population control. Successful SIT applications require mass-rearing of the strain to produce competitive and of high biological quality males that will be sterilized and consequently released in the wild. Recent studies have suggested that insect gut symbionts can be used as a protein source for Ceratitis capitata larval diet and replace the expensive brewer's yeast. In this study, we exploited Enterobacter sp. AA26 as partial and full replacement of inactive brewer's yeast in the D. suzukii larval diet and assessed several fitness parameters. Enterobacter sp. AA26 dry biomass proved to be an inadequate nutritional source in the absence of brewer's yeast and resulted in significant decrease in pupal weight, survival under food and water starvation, fecundity, and adult recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katerina Nikolouli
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, IAEA Laboratories, 2444 Seibersdorf, Austria; (F.S.); (C.C.); (K.B.)
- Department of Forest and Soil Sciences, Boku, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, 1190 Vienna, Austria;
| | - Fabiana Sassù
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, IAEA Laboratories, 2444 Seibersdorf, Austria; (F.S.); (C.C.); (K.B.)
- Department of Forest and Soil Sciences, Boku, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, 1190 Vienna, Austria;
- Roklinka 224, Dolní Jirčany, 252 44 Psáry, Czech Republic
| | - Spyridon Ntougias
- Laboratory of Wastewater Management and Treatment Technologies, Department of Environmental Engineering, Democritus University of Thrace, Vas. Sofias 12, 67100 Xanthi, Greece;
| | - Christian Stauffer
- Department of Forest and Soil Sciences, Boku, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, 1190 Vienna, Austria;
| | - Carlos Cáceres
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, IAEA Laboratories, 2444 Seibersdorf, Austria; (F.S.); (C.C.); (K.B.)
| | - Kostas Bourtzis
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, IAEA Laboratories, 2444 Seibersdorf, Austria; (F.S.); (C.C.); (K.B.)
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18
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Abstract
Although most insect species have a beneficial role in the ecosystems, some of them represent major plant pests and disease vectors for livestock and humans. During the last six-seven decades, the sterile insect technique (SIT) has been used as part of area-wide integrated pest management strategies to suppress, contain, locally eradicate or prevent the (re)invasion of insect pest populations and disease vectors worldwide. This Special Issue on "Sterile insect technique (SIT) and its applications", which consists of 27 manuscripts (7 reviews and 20 original research articles), provides an update on the research and development efforts in this area. The manuscripts report on all the different components of the SIT package including mass-rearing, development of genetic sexing strains, irradiation, quality control as well as field trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kostas Bourtzis
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, A-2444 Seibersdorf, Austria
| | - Marc J. B. Vreysen
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, A-2444 Seibersdorf, Austria
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19
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Zhang D, Chen S, Abd-Alla AMM, Bourtzis K. The Effect of Radiation on the Gut Bacteriome of Aedes albopictus. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:671699. [PMID: 34305838 PMCID: PMC8299835 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.671699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The sterile insect technique (SIT) has been developed as a component of area-wide integrated pest management approaches to control the populations of Aedes albopictus, a mosquito vector capable of transmission of dengue, Zika and chikungunya viruses. One of the key factors for the success of SIT is the requirement of high biological quality sterile males, which upon their release would be able to compete with wild males for matings with wild females in the field. In insects, gut bacteriome have played a catalytic role during evolution significantly affecting several aspects of their biology and ecology. Given the importance of gut-associated bacterial species for the overall ecological fitness and biological quality of their hosts, it is of interest to understand the effects of radiation on the gut-associated bacteriome of Ae. albopictus. In this study, the effect of radiation on the composition and density levels of the gut-associated bacterial species at the pupal stage as well as at 1- and 4-day-old males and females was studied using 16S rRNA gene-based next generation sequencing (NGS) and quantitative PCR (qPCR) approaches. Age, diet, sex, and radiation were shown to affect the gut-associated bacterial communities, with age having the highest impact triggering significant changes on bacterial diversity and clustering among pupae, 1- and 4-day-old adult samples. qPCR analysis revealed that the relative density levels of Aeromonas are higher in male samples compared to all other samples and that the irradiation triggers an increase in the density levels of both Aeromonas and Elizabethkingia in the mosquito gut at specific stages. Our results suggest that Aeromonas could potentially be used as probiotics to enhance protandry and sex separation in support of SIT applications against Ae. albopictus, while the functional role of Elizabethkingia in respect to oxidative stress and damage in irradiated mosquitoes needs further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongjing Zhang
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Vienna, Austria.,Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control of the Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University-Michigan State University Joint Center of Vector Control for Tropical Diseases, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Chinese Atomic Energy Agency Center of Excellence on Nuclear Technology Applications for Insect Control, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shi Chen
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Vienna, Austria.,Institute of Biological Control, Fujian Agricultural and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Adly M M Abd-Alla
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Vienna, Austria
| | - Kostas Bourtzis
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Vienna, Austria
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20
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Demirbas-Uzel G, Augustinos AA, Doudoumis V, Parker AG, Tsiamis G, Bourtzis K, Abd-Alla AMM. Interactions Between Tsetse Endosymbionts and Glossina pallidipes Salivary Gland Hypertrophy Virus in Glossina Hosts. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:653880. [PMID: 34122367 PMCID: PMC8194091 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.653880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Tsetse flies are the sole cyclic vector for trypanosomosis, the causative agent for human African trypanosomosis or sleeping sickness and African animal trypanosomosis or nagana. Tsetse population control is the most efficient strategy for animal trypanosomosis control. Among all tsetse control methods, the Sterile Insect Technique (SIT) is one of the most powerful control tactics to suppress or eradicate tsetse flies. However, one of the challenges for the implementation of SIT is the mass production of target species. Tsetse flies have a highly regulated and defined microbial fauna composed of three bacterial symbionts (Wigglesworthia, Sodalis and Wolbachia) and a pathogenic Glossina pallidipes Salivary Gland Hypertrophy Virus (GpSGHV) which causes reproduction alterations such as testicular degeneration and ovarian abnormalities with reduced fertility and fecundity. Interactions between symbionts and GpSGHV might affect the performance of the insect host. In the present study, we assessed the possible impact of GpSGHV on the prevalence of tsetse endosymbionts under laboratory conditions to decipher the bidirectional interactions on six Glossina laboratory species. The results indicate that tsetse symbiont densities increased over time in tsetse colonies with no clear impact of the GpSGHV infection on symbionts density. However, a positive correlation between the GpSGHV and Sodalis density was observed in Glossina fuscipes species. In contrast, a negative correlation between the GpSGHV density and symbionts density was observed in the other taxa. It is worth noting that the lowest Wigglesworthia density was observed in G. pallidipes, the species which suffers most from GpSGHV infection. In conclusion, the interactions between GpSGHV infection and tsetse symbiont infections seems complicated and affected by the host and the infection density of the GpSGHV and tsetse symbionts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Güler Demirbas-Uzel
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Programme of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Vienna, Austria
| | - Antonios A Augustinos
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Programme of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Vienna, Austria
| | - Vangelis Doudoumis
- Laboratory of Systems Microbiology and Applied Genomics, Department of Environmental Engineering, University of Patras, Agrinio, Greece
| | - Andrew G Parker
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Programme of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Vienna, Austria
| | - George Tsiamis
- Laboratory of Systems Microbiology and Applied Genomics, Department of Environmental Engineering, University of Patras, Agrinio, Greece
| | - Kostas Bourtzis
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Programme of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Vienna, Austria
| | - Adly M M Abd-Alla
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Programme of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Vienna, Austria
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21
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Ramírez-Santos E, Rendon P, Gouvi G, Zacharopoulou A, Bourtzis K, Cáceres C, Bloem K. A Novel Genetic Sexing Strain of Anastrepha ludens for Cost-Effective Sterile Insect Technique Applications: Improved Genetic Stability and Rearing Efficiency. Insects 2021; 12:insects12060499. [PMID: 34072029 PMCID: PMC8228190 DOI: 10.3390/insects12060499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Anastrepha ludens (Loew) is one of the most destructive insect pests damaging several fruits of economic importance. The sterile insect technique (SIT) is used under an area-wide integrated pest management approach, to suppress these pest populations. Mass rearing facilities were initially established to produce sterile males of bi-sexual strains in support of SIT. The first genetic sexing strain (GSS) for A. ludens, Tapachula-7, based on pupal color dimorphism, was a key development since the release of males-only significantly increases the SIT efficiency. In this study, we document the development of a novel pupal color-based GSS. Twelve radiation-induced translocation lines were assessed as potential GSS in terms of recombination rates and rearing efficiency at a small scale. The best one, GUA10, was cytogenetically characterized: it was shown to carry a single translocation between the Y chromosome and chromosome 2, which is known to carry the black pupae marker. This GSS was further evaluated at medium and large scales regarding its genetic stability, productivity and quality versus Tapachula-7. GUA10 presented better genetic stability, fecundity, fertility, production efficiency, flying ability, and male mating, clear indicators that GUA10 GSS can significantly improve the efficacy and cost-effectiveness of SIT applications against this pest species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edwin Ramírez-Santos
- Laboratorio El Pino, Programa MOSCAMED, Km 47.5 Carretera a El Salvador, Parque Nacional Laguna El Pino, 06002 Santa Rosa, Guatemala
- Correspondence:
| | - Pedro Rendon
- International Atomic Energy Agency–Technical Cooperation TCLAC, Programa Moscamed/USDA, Guatemala;
| | - Georgia Gouvi
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Seibersdorf, A-1400 Vienna, Austria; (G.G.); (K.B.); (C.C.)
- Department of Environmental Engineering, University of Patras, 2 Seferi Street, 30100 Agrinio, Greece
| | | | - Kostas Bourtzis
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Seibersdorf, A-1400 Vienna, Austria; (G.G.); (K.B.); (C.C.)
| | - Carlos Cáceres
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Seibersdorf, A-1400 Vienna, Austria; (G.G.); (K.B.); (C.C.)
| | - Kenneth Bloem
- Retired, USDA-APHIS-PPQ, Science and Technology, Raleigh, NC 27606, USA;
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22
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Vreysen MJB, Abd-Alla AMM, Bourtzis K, Bouyer J, Caceres C, de Beer C, Oliveira Carvalho D, Maiga H, Mamai W, Nikolouli K, Yamada H, Pereira R. The Insect Pest Control Laboratory of the Joint FAO/IAEA Programme: Ten Years (2010-2020) of Research and Development, Achievements and Challenges in Support of the Sterile Insect Technique. Insects 2021; 12:346. [PMID: 33924539 PMCID: PMC8070182 DOI: 10.3390/insects12040346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The Joint FAO/IAEA Centre (formerly called Division) of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture was established in 1964 and its accompanying laboratories in 1961. One of its subprograms deals with insect pest control, and has the mandate to develop and implement the sterile insect technique (SIT) for selected key insect pests, with the goal of reducing the use of insecticides, reducing animal and crop losses, protecting the environment, facilitating international trade in agricultural commodities and improving human health. Since its inception, the Insect Pest Control Laboratory (IPCL) (formerly named Entomology Unit) has been implementing research in relation to the development of the SIT package for insect pests of crops, livestock and human health. This paper provides a review of research carried out between 2010 and 2020 at the IPCL. Research on plant pests has focused on the development of genetic sexing strains, characterizing and assessing the performance of these strains (e.g., Ceratitis capitata), elucidation of the taxonomic status of several members of the Bactrocera dorsalis and Anastrepha fraterculus complexes, the use of microbiota as probiotics, genomics, supplements to improve the performance of the reared insects, and the development of the SIT package for fruit fly species such as Bactrocera oleae and Drosophila suzukii. Research on livestock pests has focused on colony maintenance and establishment, tsetse symbionts and pathogens, sex separation, morphology, sterile male quality, radiation biology, mating behavior and transportation and release systems. Research with human disease vectors has focused on the development of genetic sexing strains (Anopheles arabiensis, Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus), the development of a more cost-effective larvae and adult rearing system, assessing various aspects of radiation biology, characterizing symbionts and pathogens, studying mating behavior and the development of quality control procedures, and handling and release methods. During the review period, 13 coordinated research projects (CRPs) were completed and six are still being implemented. At the end of each CRP, the results were published in a special issue of a peer-reviewed journal. The review concludes with an overview of future challenges, such as the need to adhere to a phased conditional approach for the implementation of operational SIT programs, the need to make the SIT more cost effective, to respond with demand driven research to solve the problems faced by the operational SIT programs and the use of the SIT to address a multitude of exotic species that are being introduced, due to globalization, and established in areas where they could not survive before, due to climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Hanano Yamada
- Insect Pest Control Subprogramme, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, International Atomic Energy Agency, A-1400 Vienna, Austria; (M.J.B.V.); (A.M.M.A.-A.); (K.B.); (J.B.); (C.C.); (C.d.B.); (D.O.C.); (H.M.); (W.M.); (K.N.); (R.P.)
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23
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Drosopoulou E, Damaskou A, Markou A, Ekesi S, Khamis F, Manrakhan A, Augustinos AA, Tsiamis G, Bourtzis K. Τhe complete mitochondrial genomes of Ceratitis rosa and Ceratitis quilicii, members of the Ceratitis FAR species complex (Diptera: Tephritidae). Mitochondrial DNA B Resour 2021; 6:1039-1041. [PMID: 33796731 PMCID: PMC7995897 DOI: 10.1080/23802359.2021.1899073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Ceratitis FAR is an African species complex comprising insect pests of great economic interest and obscure species limits. Here, we report the mitochondrial genomes of two members of the FAR complex, namely Ceratitis rosa and the recently characterized Ceratitis quilicii. A phylogenetic analysis based on PCGs of available Tephritidae mitogenomes is presented. The current mitochondrial sequences from the FAR complex could contribute toward the resolution of phylogenetic relationships and species limits within this taxonomically challenging group, which is also an important issue for the development of environment-friendly and species-specific control methods, such as the sterile insect technique (SIT).
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Drosopoulou
- Faculty of Sciences, Department of Genetics, Development and Molecular Biology, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Aristi Damaskou
- Faculty of Sciences, Department of Genetics, Development and Molecular Biology, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Angeliki Markou
- Faculty of Sciences, Department of Genetics, Development and Molecular Biology, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Sunday Ekesi
- International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Fathiya Khamis
- International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology, Nairobi, Kenya
| | | | - Antonios A Augustinos
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Programme of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Seibersdorf, Austria
| | - George Tsiamis
- Laboratory of Systems Microbiology and Applied Genomics, Department of Environmental Engineering, University of Patras, Agrinio, Greece
| | - Kostas Bourtzis
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Programme of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Seibersdorf, Austria
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24
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Ward CM, Aumann RA, Whitehead MA, Nikolouli K, Leveque G, Gouvi G, Fung E, Reiling SJ, Djambazian H, Hughes MA, Whiteford S, Caceres-Barrios C, Nguyen TNM, Choo A, Crisp P, Sim SB, Geib SM, Marec F, Häcker I, Ragoussis J, Darby AC, Bourtzis K, Baxter SW, Schetelig MF. White pupae phenotype of tephritids is caused by parallel mutations of a MFS transporter. Nat Commun 2021; 12:491. [PMID: 33479218 PMCID: PMC7820335 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-20680-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Mass releases of sterilized male insects, in the frame of sterile insect technique programs, have helped suppress insect pest populations since the 1950s. In the major horticultural pests Bactrocera dorsalis, Ceratitis capitata, and Zeugodacus cucurbitae, a key phenotype white pupae (wp) has been used for decades to selectively remove females before releases, yet the gene responsible remained unknown. Here, we use classical and modern genetic approaches to identify and functionally characterize causal wp- mutations in these distantly related fruit fly species. We find that the wp phenotype is produced by parallel mutations in a single, conserved gene. CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knockout of the wp gene leads to the rapid generation of white pupae strains in C. capitata and B. tryoni. The conserved phenotype and independent nature of wp- mutations suggest this technique can provide a generic approach to produce sexing strains in other major medical and agricultural insect pests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher M. Ward
- grid.1010.00000 0004 1936 7304School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, 5005 Adelaide, Australia
| | - Roswitha A. Aumann
- grid.8664.c0000 0001 2165 8627Department of Insect Biotechnology in Plant Protection, Justus-Liebig-University Gießen, Institute for Insect Biotechnology, Winchesterstr. 2, 35394 Gießen, Germany
| | - Mark A. Whitehead
- grid.10025.360000 0004 1936 8470Centre for Genomic Research, Institute of Integrative Biology, The Biosciences Building, Crown Street, L69 7ZB Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Katerina Nikolouli
- grid.420221.70000 0004 0403 8399Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Programme of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Seibersdorf, 1400 Vienna, Austria
| | - Gary Leveque
- grid.14709.3b0000 0004 1936 8649McGill University Genome Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC Canada ,grid.14709.3b0000 0004 1936 8649Canadian Centre for Computational Genomics (C3G), McGill University, Montreal, QC Canada
| | - Georgia Gouvi
- grid.420221.70000 0004 0403 8399Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Programme of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Seibersdorf, 1400 Vienna, Austria ,grid.11047.330000 0004 0576 5395Department of Environmental Engineering, University of Patras, 2 Seferi str., 30100 Agrinio, Greece
| | - Elisabeth Fung
- grid.1010.00000 0004 1936 7304School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, 5005 Adelaide, Australia
| | - Sarah J. Reiling
- grid.14709.3b0000 0004 1936 8649McGill University Genome Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC Canada
| | - Haig Djambazian
- grid.14709.3b0000 0004 1936 8649McGill University Genome Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC Canada
| | - Margaret A. Hughes
- grid.10025.360000 0004 1936 8470Centre for Genomic Research, Institute of Integrative Biology, The Biosciences Building, Crown Street, L69 7ZB Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Sam Whiteford
- grid.10025.360000 0004 1936 8470Centre for Genomic Research, Institute of Integrative Biology, The Biosciences Building, Crown Street, L69 7ZB Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Carlos Caceres-Barrios
- grid.420221.70000 0004 0403 8399Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Programme of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Seibersdorf, 1400 Vienna, Austria
| | - Thu N. M. Nguyen
- grid.1010.00000 0004 1936 7304School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, 5005 Adelaide, Australia ,grid.1008.90000 0001 2179 088XBio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, 3010 Australia
| | - Amanda Choo
- grid.1010.00000 0004 1936 7304School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, 5005 Adelaide, Australia
| | - Peter Crisp
- grid.1010.00000 0004 1936 7304School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, 5005 Adelaide, Australia ,grid.464686.e0000 0001 1520 1671South Australian Research and Development Institute, Waite Road, Urrbrae, 5064 South Australia
| | - Sheina B. Sim
- USDA-ARS Daniel K. Inouye US Pacific Basin Agricultural Research Center, 64 Nowelo Street, Hilo, HI 96720 USA
| | - Scott M. Geib
- USDA-ARS Daniel K. Inouye US Pacific Basin Agricultural Research Center, 64 Nowelo Street, Hilo, HI 96720 USA
| | - František Marec
- Biology Centre, Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Entomology, Branišovská 31, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Irina Häcker
- grid.8664.c0000 0001 2165 8627Department of Insect Biotechnology in Plant Protection, Justus-Liebig-University Gießen, Institute for Insect Biotechnology, Winchesterstr. 2, 35394 Gießen, Germany
| | - Jiannis Ragoussis
- grid.14709.3b0000 0004 1936 8649McGill University Genome Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC Canada
| | - Alistair C. Darby
- grid.10025.360000 0004 1936 8470Centre for Genomic Research, Institute of Integrative Biology, The Biosciences Building, Crown Street, L69 7ZB Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Kostas Bourtzis
- grid.420221.70000 0004 0403 8399Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Programme of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Seibersdorf, 1400 Vienna, Austria
| | - Simon W. Baxter
- grid.1008.90000 0001 2179 088XBio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, 3010 Australia
| | - Marc F. Schetelig
- grid.8664.c0000 0001 2165 8627Department of Insect Biotechnology in Plant Protection, Justus-Liebig-University Gießen, Institute for Insect Biotechnology, Winchesterstr. 2, 35394 Gießen, Germany
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25
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Marina CF, Bond JG, Hernández-Arriaga K, Valle J, Ulloa A, Fernández-Salas I, Carvalho DO, Bourtzis K, Dor A, Williams T, Liedo P. Population Dynamics of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus in Two Rural Villages in Southern Mexico: Baseline Data for an Evaluation of the Sterile Insect Technique. Insects 2021; 12:58. [PMID: 33440870 PMCID: PMC7827525 DOI: 10.3390/insects12010058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Indoor and outdoor ovitraps were placed in 15 randomly selected houses in two rural villages in Chiapas, southern Mexico. In addition, ovitraps were placed in five transects surrounding each village, with three traps per transect, one at the edge, one at 50 m, and another at 100 m from the edge of the village. All traps were inspected weekly. A transect with eight traps along a road between the two villages was also included. Population fluctuations of Aedes aegypti and Ae. albopictus were examined during 2016-2018 by counting egg numbers. A higher number of Aedes spp. eggs was recorded at Hidalgo village with 257,712 eggs (60.9%), of which 58.1% were present in outdoor ovitraps and 41.9% in indoor ovitraps, compared with 165,623 eggs (39.1%) collected in the village of Río Florido, 49.0% in outdoor and 51.0% in indoor ovitraps. A total of 84,047 eggs was collected from ovitraps placed along transects around Río Florido, compared to 67,542 eggs recorded from transects around Hidalgo. Fluctuations in egg counts were associated with annual variation in precipitation, with 2.3 to 3.2-fold more eggs collected from ovitraps placed in houses and 4.8 to 5.1-fold more eggs in ovitraps from the surrounding transects during the rainy season than in the dry season, respectively. Aedes aegypti was the dominant species during the dry season and at the start of the rainy season in both villages. Aedes albopictus populations were lower for most of the dry season, but increased during the rainy season and predominated at the end of the rainy season in both villages. Aedes albopictus was also the dominant species in the zones surrounding both villages. The numbers of eggs collected from intradomiciliary ovitraps were strongly correlated with the numbers of eggs in peridomiciliary ovitraps in both Río Florido (R2 adj = 0.92) and Hidalgo (R2 adj = 0.94), suggesting that peridomiciliary sampling could provide an accurate estimate of intradomiciliary oviposition by Aedes spp. in future studies in these villages. We conclude that the feasibility of sterile insect technique (SIT)-based program of vector control could be evaluated in the isolated Ae. aegypti populations in the rural villages of our baseline study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos F. Marina
- Centro Regional de Investigación en Salud Pública-INSP, Tapachula, Chiapas 30700, Mexico; (J.G.B.); (K.H.-A.); (A.U.); (I.F.-S.)
| | - J. Guillermo Bond
- Centro Regional de Investigación en Salud Pública-INSP, Tapachula, Chiapas 30700, Mexico; (J.G.B.); (K.H.-A.); (A.U.); (I.F.-S.)
| | - Kenia Hernández-Arriaga
- Centro Regional de Investigación en Salud Pública-INSP, Tapachula, Chiapas 30700, Mexico; (J.G.B.); (K.H.-A.); (A.U.); (I.F.-S.)
| | - Javier Valle
- El Colegio de la Frontera Sur (ECOSUR), Tapachula, Chiapas 30700, Mexico; (J.V.); (A.D.); (P.L.)
| | - Armando Ulloa
- Centro Regional de Investigación en Salud Pública-INSP, Tapachula, Chiapas 30700, Mexico; (J.G.B.); (K.H.-A.); (A.U.); (I.F.-S.)
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chiapas (UNACH), Tapachula, Chiapas 30700, Mexico
| | - Ildefonso Fernández-Salas
- Centro Regional de Investigación en Salud Pública-INSP, Tapachula, Chiapas 30700, Mexico; (J.G.B.); (K.H.-A.); (A.U.); (I.F.-S.)
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León (UANL), San Nicolás de los Garza, Nuevo León 66450, Mexico
| | - Danilo O. Carvalho
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Programme of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, IAEA Laboratories, 2444 Seibersdorf, Austria; (D.O.C.); (K.B.)
| | - Kostas Bourtzis
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Programme of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, IAEA Laboratories, 2444 Seibersdorf, Austria; (D.O.C.); (K.B.)
| | - Ariane Dor
- El Colegio de la Frontera Sur (ECOSUR), Tapachula, Chiapas 30700, Mexico; (J.V.); (A.D.); (P.L.)
| | - Trevor Williams
- Instituto de Ecología AC (INECOL), Xalapa, Veracruz 91073, Mexico;
| | - Pablo Liedo
- El Colegio de la Frontera Sur (ECOSUR), Tapachula, Chiapas 30700, Mexico; (J.V.); (A.D.); (P.L.)
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Koskinioti P, Augustinos AA, Carvalho DO, Misbah-Ul-Haq M, Pillwax G, de la Fuente LD, Salvador-Herranz G, Herrero RA, Bourtzis K. Genetic sexing strains for the population suppression of the mosquito vector Aedes aegypti. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2020; 376:20190808. [PMID: 33357054 PMCID: PMC7776939 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2019.0808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Aedes aegypti is the primary vector of arthropod-borne viruses including dengue, chikungunya and Zika. Vector population control methods are reviving to impede disease transmission. An efficient sex separation for male-only releases is crucial for area-wide mosquito population suppression strategies. Here, we report on the construction of two genetic sexing strains using red- and white-eye colour mutations as selectable markers. Quality control analysis showed that the Red-eye genetic sexing strains (GSS) is better and more genetically stable than the White-eye GSS. The introduction of an irradiation-induced inversion (Inv35) increases genetic stability and reduces the probability of female contamination of the male release batches. Bi-weekly releases of irradiated males of both the Red-eye GSS and the Red-eye GSS/Inv35 fully suppressed target laboratory cage populations within six and nine weeks, respectively. An image analysis algorithm allowing sex determination based on eye colour identification at the pupal stage was developed. The next step is to automate the Red-eye-based genetic sexing and validate it in pilot trials prior to its integration in large-scale population suppression programmes. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Novel control strategies for mosquito-borne diseases’.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panagiota Koskinioti
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Programme of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Seibersdorf, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Antonios A Augustinos
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Programme of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Seibersdorf, Vienna, Austria
| | - Danilo O Carvalho
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Programme of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Seibersdorf, Vienna, Austria
| | - Muhammad Misbah-Ul-Haq
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Programme of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Seibersdorf, Vienna, Austria.,Nuclear Institute for Food and Agriculture, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Gulizar Pillwax
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Programme of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Seibersdorf, Vienna, Austria
| | - Lucia Duran de la Fuente
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Programme of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Seibersdorf, Vienna, Austria
| | - Gustavo Salvador-Herranz
- Departamento de Expresión Gráfica, Proyectos y Urbanismo, Universidad CEU Cardenal Herrera, Valencia, Spain
| | - Rafael Argilés Herrero
- Insect Pest Control Section, Joint FAO/IAEA Programme of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Wagramerstrasse 5, PO Box 100, 1400 Vienna, Austria
| | - Kostas Bourtzis
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Programme of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Seibersdorf, Vienna, Austria
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Meza JS, Bourtzis K, Zacharopoulou A, Gariou-Papalexiou A, Cáceres C. Development and characterization of a pupal-colour based genetic sexing strain of Anastrepha fraterculus sp. 1 (Diptera: Tephritidae). BMC Genet 2020; 21:134. [PMID: 33339513 PMCID: PMC7747363 DOI: 10.1186/s12863-020-00932-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Area-wide integrated pest management programs (AW-IPM) incorporating sterile insect technique (SIT) have been successful in suppressing populations of different fruit fly species during the last six decades. In addition, the development of genetic sexing strains (GSS) for different fruit fly species has allowed for sterile male-only releases and has significantly improved the efficacy and cost effectiveness of the SIT applications. The South American Fruit Fly Anastrepha fraterculus (Diptera: Tephritidae) is a major agricultural pest attacking several fruit commodities. This impedes international trade and has a significant negative impact on the local economies. Given the importance of sterile male-only releases, the development of a GSS for A. fraterculus would facilitate the implementation of an efficient and cost-effective SIT operational program against this insect pest species. Results For potential use in a GSS, three new morphological markers (mutants) were isolated in a laboratory strain of A. fraterculus sp. 1, including the black pupae (bp) gene located on chromosome VI. The black pupa phenotype was used as a selectable marker to develop genetic sexing strains by linking the wild type allele (bp+) to the Y-chromosome -via irradiation to induce a reciprocal Y-autosome translocation. Four GSS were established and one of them, namely GSS-89, showed the best genetic stability and the highest fertility. This strain was selected for further characterization and cytogenetic analysis. Conclusions We herein report the development of the first genetic sexing strain of a major agricultural pest, A. fraterculus sp. 1, using as a selectable marker the black pupae genetic locus.
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Affiliation(s)
- José S Meza
- Programa Moscafrut, AGRICULTURA/SENASICA-IICA, Metapa de Domínguez, Chiapas, Mexico. .,Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Seibersdorf, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Kostas Bourtzis
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Seibersdorf, Vienna, Austria
| | - Antigone Zacharopoulou
- Deparment of Biology, Division of Genetics, Cell and Development Biology, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Angeliki Gariou-Papalexiou
- Deparment of Biology, Division of Genetics, Cell and Development Biology, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Carlos Cáceres
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Seibersdorf, Vienna, Austria
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Nikolouli K, Augustinos AA, Stathopoulou P, Asimakis E, Mintzas A, Bourtzis K, Tsiamis G. Genetic structure and symbiotic profile of worldwide natural populations of the Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata. BMC Genet 2020; 21:128. [PMID: 33339507 PMCID: PMC7747371 DOI: 10.1186/s12863-020-00946-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata, is a cosmopolitan agricultural pest of worldwide economic importance and a model for the development of the Sterile Insect Technique (SIT) for fruit flies of the Tephritidae family (Diptera). SIT relies on the effective mating of laboratory-reared strains and natural populations, and therefore requires an efficient mass-rearing system that will allow for the production of high-quality males. Adaptation of wild flies to an artificial laboratory environment can be accompanied by negative effects on several life history traits through changes in their genetic diversity and symbiotic communities. Such changes may lead to reduced biological quality and mating competitiveness in respect to the wild populations. Profiling wild populations can help understand, and maybe reverse, deleterious effects accompanying laboratory domestication thus providing insects that can efficiently and effectively support SIT application. RESULTS In the present study, we analyzed both the genetic structure and gut symbiotic communities of natural medfly populations of worldwide distribution, including Europe, Africa, Australia, and the Americas. The genetic structure of 408 individuals from 15 distinct populations was analyzed with a set of commonly used microsatellite markers. The symbiotic communities of a subset of 265 individuals from 11 populations were analyzed using the 16S rRNA gene-based amplicon sequencing of single individuals (adults). Genetic differentiation was detected among geographically distant populations while adults originated from neighboring areas were genetically closer. Alpha and beta diversity of bacterial communities pointed to an overall reduced symbiotic diversity and the influence of the geographic location on the bacterial profile. CONCLUSIONS Our analysis revealed differences both in the genetic profile and the structure of gut symbiotic communities of medfly natural populations. The genetic analysis expanded our knowledge to populations not analyzed before and our results were in accordance with the existing scenarios regarding this species expansion and colonization pathways. At the same time, the bacterial communities from different natural medfly populations have been characterized, thus broadening our knowledge on the microbiota of the species across its range. Genetic and symbiotic differences between natural and laboratory populations must be considered when designing AW-IPM approaches with a SIT component, since they may impact mating compatibility and mating competitiveness of the laboratory-reared males. In parallel, enrichment from wild populations and/or symbiotic supplementation could increase rearing productivity, biological quality, and mating competitiveness of SIT-important laboratory strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katerina Nikolouli
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Programme of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, A-1400, Vienna, Austria
| | - Antonios A Augustinos
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Programme of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, A-1400, Vienna, Austria.
- Department of Biology, University of Patras, 26504, Patras, Greece.
- Present address: Department of Plant Protection, Hellenic Agricultural Organization-Demeter, Institute of Industrial and Forage Crops, 26442, Patras, Greece.
| | | | - Elias Asimakis
- Department of Environmental Engineering, University of Patras, 30100, Agrinio, Greece
| | | | - Kostas Bourtzis
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Programme of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, A-1400, Vienna, Austria
| | - George Tsiamis
- Department of Environmental Engineering, University of Patras, 30100, Agrinio, Greece.
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Bourtzis K, Cáceres C, Schetelig MF. Joint FAO/IAEA coordinated research project on "comparing rearing efficiency and competitiveness of sterile male strains produced by genetic, transgenic or symbiont-based technologies". BMC Genet 2020; 21:148. [PMID: 33339502 PMCID: PMC7747360 DOI: 10.1186/s12863-020-00931-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kostas Bourtzis
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Programme of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Vienna, Austria
| | - Carlos Cáceres
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Programme of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Vienna, Austria
| | - Marc F. Schetelig
- Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Institute for Insect Biotechnology, Insect Biotechnology in Plant Protection, Winchesterstr. 2, 35394 Giessen, Germany
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Augustinos AA, Misbah-Ul-Haq M, Carvalho DO, de la Fuente LD, Koskinioti P, Bourtzis K. Irradiation induced inversions suppress recombination between the M locus and morphological markers in Aedes aegypti. BMC Genet 2020; 21:142. [PMID: 33339503 PMCID: PMC7747368 DOI: 10.1186/s12863-020-00949-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aedes aegypti is the primary vector of arthropod-borne viruses and one of the most widespread and invasive mosquito species. Due to the lack of efficient specific drugs or vaccination strategies, vector population control methods, such as the sterile insect technique, are receiving renewed interest. However, availability of a reliable genetic sexing strategy is crucial, since there is almost zero tolerance for accidentally released females. Development of genetic sexing strains through classical genetics is hindered by genetic recombination that is not suppressed in males as is the case in many Diptera. Isolation of naturally-occurring or irradiation-induced inversions can enhance the genetic stability of genetic sexing strains developed through genetically linking desirable phenotypes with the male determining region. RESULTS For the induction and isolation of inversions through irradiation, 200 male pupae of the 'BRA' wild type strain were irradiated at 30 Gy and 100 isomale lines were set up by crossing with homozygous 'red-eye' (re) mutant females. Recombination between re and the M locus and the white (w) gene (causing a recessive white eye phenotype when mutated) and the M locus was tested in 45 and 32 lines, respectively. One inversion (Inv35) reduced recombination between both re and the M locus, and wand the M locus, consistent with the presence of a rather extended inversion between the two morphological mutations, that includes the M locus. Another inversion (Inv5) reduced recombination only between w and the M locus. In search of naturally-occurring, recombination-suppressing inversions, homozygous females from the red eye and the white eye strains were crossed with seventeen and fourteen wild type strains collected worldwide, representing either recently colonized or long-established laboratory populations. Despite evidence of varying frequencies of recombination, no combination led to the elimination or substantial reduction of recombination. CONCLUSION Inducing inversions through irradiation is a feasible strategy to isolate recombination suppressors either on the M or the m chromosome for Aedes aegypti. Such inversions can be incorporated in genetic sexing strains developed through classical genetics to enhance their genetic stability and support SIT or other approaches that aim to population suppression through male-delivered sterility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonios A Augustinos
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Programme of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, A-1400, Vienna, Austria.
- Present address: Department of Plant Protection, Hellenic Agricultural Organization-Demeter, Institute of Industrial and Forage Crops, 26442, Patras, Greece.
| | - Muhammad Misbah-Ul-Haq
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Programme of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, A-1400, Vienna, Austria
- Present address: Nuclear Institute for Food and Agriculture (NIFA), Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Danilo O Carvalho
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Programme of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, A-1400, Vienna, Austria
| | - Lucia Duran de la Fuente
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Programme of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, A-1400, Vienna, Austria
| | - Panagiota Koskinioti
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Programme of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, A-1400, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Biopolis, 41500, Larissa, Greece
| | - Kostas Bourtzis
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Programme of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, A-1400, Vienna, Austria.
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Porras MF, Meza JS, Rajotte EG, Bourtzis K, Cáceres C. Improving the Phenotypic Properties of the Ceratitis capitata (Diptera: Tephritidae) Temperature-Sensitive Lethal Genetic Sexing Strain in Support of Sterile Insect Technique Applications. J Econ Entomol 2020; 113:2688-2694. [PMID: 33020821 PMCID: PMC7724746 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toaa220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The genetic sexing strain (GSS) of the Mediterranean fruit fly (Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann)) Vienna 8D53- is based on a male-linked translocation system and uses two selectable markers for male-only production, the white pupae (wp) and the temperature sensitivity lethal (tsl) genes. In this GSS, males emerge from brown pupae and are resistant to high temperatures while females emerge from white pupae, are sensitive to high temperatures. However, double homozygous females (wp tsl/wp tsl) exhibit a slower development rate compared to heterozygous males (wp+tsl+/wp tsl) during the larval stage, which was attributed to the pleiotropic effects of the tsl gene. We present the first evidence that this slower development is due to a different gene, here namely slow development (sd), which is closely linked to the tsl gene. Taking advantage of recombination phenomena between the two loci, we report the isolation of a novel temperature sensitivity lethal strain using the wp mutation as a morphological marker, which showed faster development (wp tsl FD) during the larval stage and increased in its temperature sensitivity compared with the normal tsl strain. Moreover, the introgression of this novel wp tsl FD combined trait into the Vienna 8D53- GSS, resulted in a novel Vienna 8D53- FD GSS, where females showed differences in the thermal sensibility, larval development speed, and productivity profiles. The modification of these traits and their impact on the mass rearing of the GSS for sterile insect technique applications are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitzy F Porras
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, International Atomic Energy Agency, Seibersdorf, Austria
| | - Jose S Meza
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, International Atomic Energy Agency, Seibersdorf, Austria
| | - Edwin G Rajotte
- Department of Entomology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA
| | - Kostas Bourtzis
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, International Atomic Energy Agency, Seibersdorf, Austria
| | - Carlos Cáceres
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, International Atomic Energy Agency, Seibersdorf, Austria
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Salgueiro J, Pimper LE, Segura DF, Milla FH, Russo RM, Asimakis E, Stathopoulou P, Bourtzis K, Cladera JL, Tsiamis G, Lanzavecchia SB. Gut Bacteriome Analysis of Anastrepha fraterculus sp. 1 During the Early Steps of Laboratory Colonization. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:570960. [PMID: 33193166 PMCID: PMC7606190 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.570960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Microbial communities associated to insect species are involved in essential biological functions such as host nutrition, reproduction and survivability. Main factors have been described as modulators of gut bacterial community, such as diet, habit, developmental stage and taxonomy of the host. The present work focuses on the complex changes that gut microbial communities go through when wild insects are introduced to artificial rearing conditions. Specifically, we analyzed the effect of the laboratory colonization on the richness and diversity of the gut bacteriome hosted by the fruit fly pest Anastrepha fraterculus sp. 1. Bacterial profiles were studied by amplicon sequencing of the 16S rRNA V3-V4 hypervariable region in gut samples of males and females, in teneral (1-day-old, unfed) and post-teneral (15-day-old, fed) flies. A total of 3,147,665 sequence reads were obtained and 32 bacterial operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were identified. Proteobacteria was the most abundant phylum (93.3% of the total reads) and, Wolbachia and Enterobacter were the most represented taxa at the genus level (29.9% and 27.7%, respectively, of the total read counts). Wild and laboratory flies showed highly significant differences in the relative abundances of bacteria. The analysis of the core bacteriome showed the presence of five OTUs in all samples grouped by origin, while nine and five OTUs were exclusively detected in laboratory and wild flies, respectively. Irrespective of fly origin or sex, a dominant presence of Wolbachia was observed in teneral flies, whereas Enterobacter was highly abundant in post-teneral individuals. We evidenced significant differences in bacterial richness and diversity among generations under laboratory colonization (F0, F1, F3 and F6) and compared to laboratory and wild flies, displaying also differential patterns between teneral and post-teneral flies. Laboratory and wild A. fraterculus sp. 1 harbor different gut bacterial communities. Laboratory colonization has an important effect on the microbiota, most likely associated to the combined effects of insect physiology and environmental conditions (e.g., diet and colony management).
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Affiliation(s)
- Julieta Salgueiro
- Laboratorio de Insectos de Importancia Agronómica, Instituto de Genética "E.A. Favret", Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas - Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Lida E Pimper
- Laboratorio de Insectos de Importancia Agronómica, Instituto de Genética "E.A. Favret", Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas - Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Diego F Segura
- Laboratorio de Insectos de Importancia Agronómica, Instituto de Genética "E.A. Favret", Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas - Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Fabián H Milla
- Laboratorio de Insectos de Importancia Agronómica, Instituto de Genética "E.A. Favret", Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas - Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Romina M Russo
- Laboratorio de Insectos de Importancia Agronómica, Instituto de Genética "E.A. Favret", Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas - Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Elias Asimakis
- Department of Environmental Engineering, University of Patras, Agrinio, Greece
| | | | - Kostas Bourtzis
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Programme of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jorge L Cladera
- Laboratorio de Insectos de Importancia Agronómica, Instituto de Genética "E.A. Favret", Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas - Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - George Tsiamis
- Department of Environmental Engineering, University of Patras, Agrinio, Greece
| | - Silvia B Lanzavecchia
- Laboratorio de Insectos de Importancia Agronómica, Instituto de Genética "E.A. Favret", Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas - Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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33
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Leung K, Ras E, Ferguson KB, Ariëns S, Babendreier D, Bijma P, Bourtzis K, Brodeur J, Bruins MA, Centurión A, Chattington SR, Chinchilla-Ramírez M, Dicke M, Fatouros NE, González-Cabrera J, Groot TVM, Haye T, Knapp M, Koskinioti P, Le Hesran S, Lyrakis M, Paspati A, Pérez-Hedo M, Plouvier WN, Schlötterer C, Stahl JM, Thiel A, Urbaneja A, van de Zande L, Verhulst EC, Vet LEM, Visser S, Werren JH, Xia S, Zwaan BJ, Magalhães S, Beukeboom LW, Pannebakker BA. Next-generation biological control: the need for integrating genetics and genomics. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2020; 95:1838-1854. [PMID: 32794644 PMCID: PMC7689903 DOI: 10.1111/brv.12641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Biological control is widely successful at controlling pests, but effective biocontrol agents are now more difficult to import from countries of origin due to more restrictive international trade laws (the Nagoya Protocol). Coupled with increasing demand, the efficacy of existing and new biocontrol agents needs to be improved with genetic and genomic approaches. Although they have been underutilised in the past, application of genetic and genomic techniques is becoming more feasible from both technological and economic perspectives. We review current methods and provide a framework for using them. First, it is necessary to identify which biocontrol trait to select and in what direction. Next, the genes or markers linked to these traits need be determined, including how to implement this information into a selective breeding program. Choosing a trait can be assisted by modelling to account for the proper agro‐ecological context, and by knowing which traits have sufficiently high heritability values. We provide guidelines for designing genomic strategies in biocontrol programs, which depend on the organism, budget, and desired objective. Genomic approaches start with genome sequencing and assembly. We provide a guide for deciding the most successful sequencing strategy for biocontrol agents. Gene discovery involves quantitative trait loci analyses, transcriptomic and proteomic studies, and gene editing. Improving biocontrol practices includes marker‐assisted selection, genomic selection and microbiome manipulation of biocontrol agents, and monitoring for genetic variation during rearing and post‐release. We conclude by identifying the most promising applications of genetic and genomic methods to improve biological control efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelley Leung
- Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, PO Box 11103, 9700 CC, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Erica Ras
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Vienna International Centre, P.O. Box 100, 1400, Vienna, Austria
| | - Kim B Ferguson
- Laboratory of Genetics, Wageningen University & Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Simone Ariëns
- Group for Population and Evolutionary Ecology, FB 02, Institute of Ecology, University of Bremen, Leobener Str. 5, 28359, Bremen, Germany
| | | | - Piter Bijma
- Animal Breeding and Genomics, Wageningen University & Research, PO Box 338, 6700 AH, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Kostas Bourtzis
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Vienna International Centre, P.O. Box 100, 1400, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jacques Brodeur
- Institut de Recherche en Biologie Végétale, Université de Montréal, 4101 Sherbrooke Est, Montréal, Quebec, Canada, H1X 2B2
| | - Margreet A Bruins
- Laboratory of Genetics, Wageningen University & Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Alejandra Centurión
- Group for Population and Evolutionary Ecology, FB 02, Institute of Ecology, University of Bremen, Leobener Str. 5, 28359, Bremen, Germany
| | - Sophie R Chattington
- Group for Population and Evolutionary Ecology, FB 02, Institute of Ecology, University of Bremen, Leobener Str. 5, 28359, Bremen, Germany
| | - Milena Chinchilla-Ramírez
- Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Agrarias (IVIA), Centro de Protección Vegetal y Biotecnología, Unidad Mixta Gestión Biotecnológica de Plagas UV-IVIA, Carretera CV-315, Km 10'7, 46113, Moncada, Valencia, Spain
| | - Marcel Dicke
- Laboratory of Entomology, Wageningen University & Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Nina E Fatouros
- Biosystematics Group, Wageningen University & Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Joel González-Cabrera
- Department of Genetics, Estructura de Recerca Interdisciplinar en Biotecnología i Biomedicina (ERI-BIOTECMED), Unidad Mixta Gestión Biotecnológica de Plagas UV-IVIA, Universitat de València, Dr Moliner 50, 46100, Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
| | - Thomas V M Groot
- Koppert Biological Systems, Veilingweg 14, 2651 BE, Berkel en Rodenrijs, The Netherlands
| | - Tim Haye
- CABI, Rue des Grillons 1, 2800, Delémont, Switzerland
| | - Markus Knapp
- Koppert Biological Systems, Veilingweg 14, 2651 BE, Berkel en Rodenrijs, The Netherlands
| | - Panagiota Koskinioti
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Vienna International Centre, P.O. Box 100, 1400, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Biopolis, 41500, Larissa, Greece
| | - Sophie Le Hesran
- Laboratory of Entomology, Wageningen University & Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB, Wageningen, The Netherlands.,Koppert Biological Systems, Veilingweg 14, 2651 BE, Berkel en Rodenrijs, The Netherlands
| | - Manolis Lyrakis
- Institut für Populationsgenetik, Vetmeduni Vienna, Veterinärplatz 1, 1210, Vienna, Austria.,Vienna Graduate School of Population Genetics, Vetmeduni Vienna, Veterinärplatz 1, 1210, Vienna, Austria
| | - Angeliki Paspati
- Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Agrarias (IVIA), Centro de Protección Vegetal y Biotecnología, Unidad Mixta Gestión Biotecnológica de Plagas UV-IVIA, Carretera CV-315, Km 10'7, 46113, Moncada, Valencia, Spain
| | - Meritxell Pérez-Hedo
- Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Agrarias (IVIA), Centro de Protección Vegetal y Biotecnología, Unidad Mixta Gestión Biotecnológica de Plagas UV-IVIA, Carretera CV-315, Km 10'7, 46113, Moncada, Valencia, Spain
| | - Wouter N Plouvier
- INRA, CNRS, UMR 1355-7254, 400 Route des Chappes, BP 167 06903, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France
| | - Christian Schlötterer
- Institut für Populationsgenetik, Vetmeduni Vienna, Veterinärplatz 1, 1210, Vienna, Austria
| | - Judith M Stahl
- CABI, Rue des Grillons 1, 2800, Delémont, Switzerland.,Kearney Agricultural Research and Extension Center, University of California Berkeley, 9240 South Riverbend Avenue, Parlier, CA, 93648, USA
| | - Andra Thiel
- Group for Population and Evolutionary Ecology, FB 02, Institute of Ecology, University of Bremen, Leobener Str. 5, 28359, Bremen, Germany
| | - Alberto Urbaneja
- Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Agrarias (IVIA), Centro de Protección Vegetal y Biotecnología, Unidad Mixta Gestión Biotecnológica de Plagas UV-IVIA, Carretera CV-315, Km 10'7, 46113, Moncada, Valencia, Spain
| | - Louis van de Zande
- Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, PO Box 11103, 9700 CC, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Eveline C Verhulst
- Laboratory of Entomology, Wageningen University & Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Louise E M Vet
- Laboratory of Entomology, Wageningen University & Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB, Wageningen, The Netherlands.,Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), Droevendaalsesteeg 10, 6708 PB, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Sander Visser
- Institute of Entomology, Biology Centre CAS, Branišovská 31, 370 05, České Budějovice, Czech Republic.,Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 1760, 370 05, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - John H Werren
- Department of Biology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, 14627, USA
| | - Shuwen Xia
- Animal Breeding and Genomics, Wageningen University & Research, PO Box 338, 6700 AH, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Bas J Zwaan
- Laboratory of Genetics, Wageningen University & Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Sara Magalhães
- cE3c: Centre for Ecology, Evolution, and Environmental Changes, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Edifício C2, Campo Grande, 1749-016, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Leo W Beukeboom
- Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, PO Box 11103, 9700 CC, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Bart A Pannebakker
- Laboratory of Genetics, Wageningen University & Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB, Wageningen, The Netherlands
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De Cock M, Virgilio M, Vandamme P, Bourtzis K, De Meyer M, Willems A. Comparative Microbiomics of Tephritid Frugivorous Pests (Diptera: Tephritidae) From the Field: A Tale of High Variability Across and Within Species. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:1890. [PMID: 32849469 PMCID: PMC7431611 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.01890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The family Tephritidae includes some of the most notorious insect pests of agricultural and horticultural crops in tropical and sub-tropical regions. Despite the interest in the study of their gut microbiome, our present knowledge is largely based on the analysis of laboratory strains. In this study, we present a first comparative analysis of the gut microbiome profiles of field populations of ten African and Mediterranean tephritid pests. For each species, third instar larvae were sampled from different locations and host fruits and compared using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing and a multi-factorial sampling design. We observed considerable variation in gut microbiome diversity and composition both between and within fruit fly species. A “core” microbiome, shared across all targeted species, could only be identified at most at family level (Enterobacteriaceae). At genus level only a few bacterial genera (Klebsiella, Enterobacter, and Bacillus) were present in most, but not all, samples, with high variability in their relative abundance. Higher relative abundances were found for seven bacterial genera in five of the fruit fly species considered. These were Erwinia in Bactrocera oleae, Lactococcus in B. zonata, Providencia in Ceratitis flexuosa, Klebsiella, and Rahnella in C. podocarpi and Acetobacter and Serratia in C. rosa. With the possible exception of C. capitata and B. dorsalis (the two most polyphagous species considered) we could not detect obvious relationships between fruit fly dietary breadth and microbiome diversity or abundance patterns. Similarly, our results did not suggest straightforward differences between the microbiome profiles of species belonging to Ceratitis and the closely related Bactrocera/Zeugodacus. These results provide a first comparative analysis of the gut microbiomes of field populations of multiple economically relevant tephritids and provide base line information for future studies that will further investigate the possible functional role of the observed associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maarten De Cock
- Royal Museum for Central Africa, Tervuren, Belgium.,Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | | | - Peter Vandamme
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Kostas Bourtzis
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint Food and Agriculture Organization of the UnitedNations/International Atomic Energy Agency (FAO/IAEA) Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Anne Willems
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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35
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Chen S, Zhang D, Augustinos A, Doudoumis V, Bel Mokhtar N, Maiga H, Tsiamis G, Bourtzis K. Multiple Factors Determine the Structure of Bacterial Communities Associated With Aedes albopictus Under Artificial Rearing Conditions. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:605. [PMID: 32351473 PMCID: PMC7176356 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.00605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Insect symbionts are major manipulators of host’s behavior. Their effect on parameters such as fecundity, male mating competitiveness, and biological quality in general, can have a major influence on the effectiveness of the sterile insect technique (SIT). SIT is currently being developed and applied against human disease vectors, including Ae. albopictus, as an environment-friendly method of population suppression, therefore there is a renewed interest on both the characterization of gut microbiota and their exploitation in artificial rearing. In the present study, bacterial communities of eggs, larvae, and adults (both males and females) of artificially reared Ae. albopictus, were characterized using both culture-dependent and culture-independent approaches. Mosquito-associated bacteria corresponding to thirteen and five bacteria genera were isolated from the larval food and the sugar solution (adult food), respectively. The symbiont community of the females was affected by the provision of a blood meal. Pseudomonas and Enterobacter were either introduced or enhanced with the blood meal, whereas Serratia were relatively stable during the adult stage of females. Maintenance of these taxa in female guts is probably related with blood digestion. Gut-associated microbiota of males and females were different, starting early after emergence and continuing in older stages. Our results indicate that eggs contained bacteria from more than fifteen genera including Bacillus, Chryseobacterium, and Escherichia–Shigella, which were also main components of gut microbiota of female adults before and after blood feeding, indicating potential transmission among generations. Our results provided a thorough study of the egg- and gut-associated bacteria of artificially reared Ae. albopictus, which can be important for further studies using probiotic bacteria to improve the effectiveness of mosquito artificial rearing and SIT applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi Chen
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Vienna, Austria.,Beneficial Insects Institute, Fujian Agriculture & Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Dongjing Zhang
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Vienna, Austria.,Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control of the Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University-Michigan State University Joint Center of Vector Control for Tropical Diseases, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Antonios Augustinos
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Vienna, Austria
| | - Vangelis Doudoumis
- Department of Environmental Engineering, University of Patras, Agrinio, Greece
| | - Naima Bel Mokhtar
- Department of Environmental Engineering, University of Patras, Agrinio, Greece
| | - Hamidou Maiga
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Vienna, Austria.,Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé/Direction Régionale de l'Ouest, Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso
| | - George Tsiamis
- Department of Environmental Engineering, University of Patras, Agrinio, Greece
| | - Kostas Bourtzis
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Vienna, Austria
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36
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Bayega A, Djambazian H, Tsoumani KT, Gregoriou ME, Sagri E, Drosopoulou E, Mavragani-Tsipidou P, Giorda K, Tsiamis G, Bourtzis K, Oikonomopoulos S, Dewar K, Church DM, Papanicolaou A, Mathiopoulos KD, Ragoussis J. De novo assembly of the olive fruit fly (Bactrocera oleae) genome with linked-reads and long-read technologies minimizes gaps and provides exceptional Y chromosome assembly. BMC Genomics 2020; 21:259. [PMID: 32228451 PMCID: PMC7106766 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-020-6672-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The olive fruit fly, Bactrocera oleae, is the most important pest in the olive fruit agribusiness industry. This is because female flies lay their eggs in the unripe fruits and upon hatching the larvae feed on the fruits thus destroying them. The lack of a high-quality genome and other genomic and transcriptomic data has hindered progress in understanding the fly's biology and proposing alternative control methods to pesticide use. RESULTS Genomic DNA was sequenced from male and female Demokritos strain flies, maintained in the laboratory for over 45 years. We used short-, mate-pair-, and long-read sequencing technologies to generate a combined male-female genome assembly (GenBank accession GCA_001188975.2). Genomic DNA sequencing from male insects using 10x Genomics linked-reads technology followed by mate-pair and long-read scaffolding and gap-closing generated a highly contiguous 489 Mb genome with a scaffold N50 of 4.69 Mb and L50 of 30 scaffolds (GenBank accession GCA_001188975.4). RNA-seq data generated from 12 tissues and/or developmental stages allowed for genome annotation. Short reads from both males and females and the chromosome quotient method enabled identification of Y-chromosome scaffolds which were extensively validated by PCR. CONCLUSIONS The high-quality genome generated represents a critical tool in olive fruit fly research. We provide an extensive RNA-seq data set, and genome annotation, critical towards gaining an insight into the biology of the olive fruit fly. In addition, elucidation of Y-chromosome sequences will advance our understanding of the Y-chromosome's organization, function and evolution and is poised to provide avenues for sterile insect technique approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Bayega
- McGill University and Genome Quebec Innovation Centre, Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Haig Djambazian
- McGill University and Genome Quebec Innovation Centre, Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Konstantina T. Tsoumani
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Biopolis, 41500 Larissa, Greece
| | - Maria-Eleni Gregoriou
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Biopolis, 41500 Larissa, Greece
| | - Efthimia Sagri
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Biopolis, 41500 Larissa, Greece
| | - Eleni Drosopoulou
- Department of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | | | - Kristina Giorda
- Integrated DNA Technologies, Inc., 1710 Commercial Park, Coralville, Iowa, 52241 USA
| | - George Tsiamis
- Department of Environmental Engineering, University of Patras, Agrinio, Greece
| | - Kostas Bourtzis
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Vienna, Austria
| | - Spyridon Oikonomopoulos
- McGill University and Genome Quebec Innovation Centre, Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Ken Dewar
- McGill University and Genome Quebec Innovation Centre, Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Deanna M. Church
- Inscripta, Inc., 5500 Central Avenue #220, Boulder, CO 80301 USA
| | - Alexie Papanicolaou
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Richmond, NSW 2753 Australia
| | - Kostas D. Mathiopoulos
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Biopolis, 41500 Larissa, Greece
| | - Jiannis Ragoussis
- McGill University and Genome Quebec Innovation Centre, Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
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37
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Bouyer J, Yamada H, Pereira R, Bourtzis K, Vreysen MJB. Phased Conditional Approach for Mosquito Management Using Sterile Insect Technique. Trends Parasitol 2020; 36:325-336. [PMID: 32035818 DOI: 10.1016/j.pt.2020.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Mosquito-borne diseases represent a major threat to humankind. Recently, the incidence of malaria has stopped decreasing while that of dengue is increasing exponentially. Alternative mosquito-control methods are urgently needed. The sterile insect technique (SIT) has seen significant developments recently and may play an important role. However, testing and implementing SIT for vector control is challenging, and a phased conditional approach (PCA) is recommended, that is, advancement to the next phase depends on completion of activities in the previous one. We herewith present a PCA to test the SIT against mosquitoes within an area-wide-integrated pest-management programme, taking into account the experience gained with plant and livestock pests and the recent developments of the technique against mosquitoes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérémy Bouyer
- Insect Pest Control Sub-programme, Joint FAO/IAEA Programme of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, A-1400 Vienna, Austria; CIRAD, UMR ASTRE CIRAD-INRA 'AnimalS, health, Territories, Risks and Ecosystems', Campus International de Baillarguet, 34398 Montpellier Cedex 05, France.
| | - Hanano Yamada
- Insect Pest Control Sub-programme, Joint FAO/IAEA Programme of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, A-1400 Vienna, Austria
| | - Rui Pereira
- Insect Pest Control Sub-programme, Joint FAO/IAEA Programme of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, A-1400 Vienna, Austria
| | - Kostas Bourtzis
- Insect Pest Control Sub-programme, Joint FAO/IAEA Programme of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, A-1400 Vienna, Austria
| | - Marc J B Vreysen
- Insect Pest Control Sub-programme, Joint FAO/IAEA Programme of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, A-1400 Vienna, Austria
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38
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Nikolouli K, Sassù F, Mouton L, Stauffer C, Bourtzis K. Combining sterile and incompatible insect techniques for the population suppression of Drosophila suzukii. J Pest Sci (2004) 2020; 93:647-661. [PMID: 32132880 PMCID: PMC7028798 DOI: 10.1007/s10340-020-01199-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Revised: 12/28/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The spotted wing Drosophila, Drosophila suzukii, has recently invaded Europe and the Americas, and it is a major threat for a wide variety of commercial soft fruits both in open field and greenhouse production systems. D. suzukii infests a wide range of ripening fruits, leading to substantial yield and revenue losses. As the application of insecticides close to the harvest period poses great concerns, the development of an efficient environment-friendly control approach to fight D. suzukii is necessary. In this study, we exploited the sterile insect technique (SIT) in combination with Wolbachia symbiosis as a population suppression approach that can constitute a potential component of an area-wide integrated pest management program. We aimed to establish a combined SIT/incompatible insect technique (IIT) protocol that would require lower irradiation doses as a complementary tool for D. suzukii management. Two D. suzukii lines trans-infected with the Wolbachia wHa and wTei strains were irradiated at doses four times less than usual (e.g., 45 Gy), and the egg hatching and adult emergence were determined. Our results indicated that wHa and wTei females as well as wHa males were sterile at this low dose. The longevity, adult emergence and flight ability of adults were evaluated, and no major effect caused by irradiation was detected. Our data indicate that a SIT/IIT protocol can be a competent approach for D. suzukii management.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. Nikolouli
- Department of Forest and Soil Sciences, Boku, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
- Insect Pest Control Section, Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Wagramerstrasse 5, PO Box 100, 1400 Vienna, Austria
| | - F. Sassù
- Department of Forest and Soil Sciences, Boku, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
- Insect Pest Control Section, Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Wagramerstrasse 5, PO Box 100, 1400 Vienna, Austria
| | - L. Mouton
- Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive, CNRS, Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - C. Stauffer
- Department of Forest and Soil Sciences, Boku, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - K. Bourtzis
- Insect Pest Control Section, Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Wagramerstrasse 5, PO Box 100, 1400 Vienna, Austria
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39
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Cáceres C, Tsiamis G, Yuval B, Jurkevitch E, Bourtzis K. Joint FAO/IAEA coordinated research project on "use of symbiotic bacteria to reduce mass-rearing costs and increase mating success in selected fruit pests in support of SIT application". BMC Microbiol 2019; 19:284. [PMID: 31870284 PMCID: PMC6929543 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-019-1644-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Cáceres
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Programme of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, A-1400, Vienna, Austria.
| | - George Tsiamis
- Department of Environmental Engineering, University of Patras, 2 Seferi St., 30131, Agrinio, Greece
| | - Boaz Yuval
- Departments of Entomology and Plant Pathology & Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, POB 12, 76100, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Edouard Jurkevitch
- Departments of Entomology and Plant Pathology & Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, POB 12, 76100, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Kostas Bourtzis
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Programme of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, A-1400, Vienna, Austria
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40
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Asimakis ED, Doudoumis V, Hadapad AB, Hire RS, Batargias C, Niu C, Khan M, Bourtzis K, Tsiamis G. Detection and characterization of bacterial endosymbionts in Southeast Asian tephritid fruit fly populations. BMC Microbiol 2019; 19:290. [PMID: 31870298 PMCID: PMC7050614 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-019-1653-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Various endosymbiotic bacteria, including Wolbachia of the Alphaproteobacteria, infect a wide range of insects and are capable of inducing reproductive abnormalities to their hosts such as cytoplasmic incompatibility (CI), parthenogenesis, feminization and male-killing. These extended phenotypes can be potentially exploited in enhancing environmentally friendly methods, such as the sterile insect technique (SIT), for controlling natural populations of agricultural pests. The goal of the present study is to investigate the presence of Wolbachia, Spiroplasma, Arsenophonus and Cardinium among Bactrocera, Dacus and Zeugodacus flies of Southeast Asian populations, and to genotype any detected Wolbachia strains. RESULTS A specific 16S rRNA PCR assay was used to investigate the presence of reproductive parasites in natural populations of nine different tephritid species originating from three Asian countries, Bangladesh, China and India. Wolbachia infections were identified in Bactrocera dorsalis, B. correcta, B. scutellaris and B. zonata, with 12.2-42.9% occurrence, Entomoplasmatales in B. dorsalis, B. correcta, B. scutellaris, B. zonata, Zeugodacus cucurbitae and Z. tau (0.8-14.3%) and Cardinium in B. dorsalis and Z. tau (0.9-5.8%), while none of the species tested, harbored infections with Arsenophonus. Infected populations showed a medium (between 10 and 90%) or low (< 10%) prevalence, ranging from 3 to 80% for Wolbachia, 2 to 33% for Entomoplasmatales and 5 to 45% for Cardinium. Wolbachia and Entomoplasmatales infections were found both in tropical and subtropical populations, the former mostly in India and the latter in various regions of India and Bangladesh. Cardinium infections were identified in both countries but only in subtropical populations. Phylogenetic analysis revealed the presence of Wolbachia with some strains belonging either to supergroup B or supergroup A. Sequence analysis revealed deletions of variable length and nucleotide variation in three Wolbachia genes. Spiroplasma strains were characterized as citri-chrysopicola-mirum and ixodetis strains while the remaining Entomoplasmatales to the Mycoides-Entomoplasmataceae clade. Cardinium strains were characterized as group A, similar to strains infecting Encarsia pergandiella. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicated that in the Southeast natural populations examined, supergroup A Wolbachia strain infections were the most common, followed by Entomoplasmatales and Cardinium. In terms of diversity, most strains of each bacterial genus detected clustered in a common group. Interestingly, the deletions detected in three Wolbachia genes were either new or similar to those of previously identified pseudogenes that were integrated in the host genome indicating putative horizontal gene transfer events in B. dorsalis, B. correcta and B. zonata.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elias D. Asimakis
- Department of Environmental Engineering, University of Patras, 2 Seferi St., 30100 Agrinio, Greece
| | - Vangelis Doudoumis
- Department of Environmental Engineering, University of Patras, 2 Seferi St., 30100 Agrinio, Greece
- Department of Fisheries & Aquaculture Management, Technological Educational Institute of Western Greece, 30200 Messolonghi, Greece
| | - Ashok B. Hadapad
- Nuclear Agriculture & Biotechnology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC), Trombay, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400 085 India
| | - Ramesh S. Hire
- Nuclear Agriculture & Biotechnology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC), Trombay, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400 085 India
| | - Costas Batargias
- Department of Fisheries & Aquaculture Management, Technological Educational Institute of Western Greece, 30200 Messolonghi, Greece
| | - Changying Niu
- Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 Hubei China
| | - Mahfuza Khan
- Insect Biotechnology Division, Institute of Food and Radiation Biology
(IFRB), Atomic Energy Research Establishment (AERE), Ganakbari, Savar, Dhaka 1349 Bangladesh
| | - Kostas Bourtzis
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear
Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Vienna International Centre, P.O. Box 100, 1400 Vienna, Austria
| | - George Tsiamis
- Department of Environmental Engineering, University of Patras, 2 Seferi St., 30100 Agrinio, Greece
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Kyritsis GA, Augustinos AA, Ntougias S, Papadopoulos NT, Bourtzis K, Cáceres C. Enterobacter sp. AA26 gut symbiont as a protein source for Mediterranean fruit fly mass-rearing and sterile insect technique applications. BMC Microbiol 2019; 19:288. [PMID: 31870292 PMCID: PMC6929400 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-019-1651-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Insect species have established sophisticated symbiotic associations with diverse groups of microorganisms including bacteria which have been shown to affect several aspects of their biology, physiology, ecology and evolution. In addition, recent studies have shown that insect symbionts, including those localized in the gastrointestinal tract, can be exploited for the enhancement of sterile insect technique (SIT) applications against major insect pests such as the Mediterranean fruit fly (medfly) Ceratitis capitata. We previously showed that Enterobacter sp. AA26 can be used as probiotic supplement in medfly larval diet improving the productivity and accelerating the development of the VIENNA 8 genetic sexing strain (GSS), which is currently used in large scale operational SIT programs worldwide. Results Enterobacter sp. AA26 was an adequate nutritional source for C. capitata larvae, comprising an effective substitute for brewer’s yeast. Incorporating inactive bacterial cells in the larval diet conferred a number of substantial beneficial effects on medfly biology. The consumption of bacteria-based diet (either as full or partial yeast replacement) resulted in decreased immature stages mortality, accelerated immature development, increased pupal weight, and elongated the survival under stress conditions. Moreover, neither the partial nor the complete replacement of yeast with Enterobacter sp. AA26 had significant impact on adult sex ratio, females’ fecundity, adults’ flight ability and males’ mating competitiveness. The absence of both yeast and Enterobacter sp. AA26 (deprivation of protein source and possible other important nutrients) from the larval diet detrimentally affected the larval development, survival and elongated the immature developmental duration. Conclusions Enterobacter sp. AA26 dry biomass can fully replace the brewer’s yeast as a protein source in medfly larval diet without any effect on the productivity and the biological quality of reared medfly of VIENNA 8 GSS as assessed by the FAO/IAEA/USDA standard quality control tests. We discuss this finding in the context of mass-rearing and SIT applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgios A Kyritsis
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Programme of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, A-1400, Vienna, Austria.,Laboratory of Entomology and Agricultural Zoology, Department of Agriculture Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly, Phytokou St., 38446, N. Ionia, Magnisia, Greece
| | - Antonios A Augustinos
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Programme of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, A-1400, Vienna, Austria
| | - Spyridon Ntougias
- Laboratory of Wastewater Management and Treatment Technologies, Department of Environmental Engineering, Democritus University of Thrace, Vas Sofias 12, 67100, Xanthi, Greece
| | - Nikos T Papadopoulos
- Laboratory of Entomology and Agricultural Zoology, Department of Agriculture Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly, Phytokou St., 38446, N. Ionia, Magnisia, Greece
| | - Kostas Bourtzis
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Programme of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, A-1400, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Carlos Cáceres
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Programme of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, A-1400, Vienna, Austria
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Conte CA, Segura DF, Milla FH, Augustinos A, Cladera JL, Bourtzis K, Lanzavecchia SB. Wolbachia infection in Argentinean populations of Anastrepha fraterculus sp1: preliminary evidence of sex ratio distortion by one of two strains. BMC Microbiol 2019; 19:289. [PMID: 31870290 PMCID: PMC6929328 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-019-1652-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Wolbachia, one of the most abundant taxa of intracellular Alphaproteobacteria, is widespread among arthropods and filarial nematodes. The presence of these maternally inherited bacteria is associated with modifications of host fitness, including a variety of reproductive abnormalities, such as cytoplasmic incompatibility, thelytokous parthenogenesis, host feminization and male-killing. Wolbachia has attracted much interest for its role in biological, ecological and evolutionary processes as well as for its potential use in novel and environmentally-friendly strategies for the control of insect pests and disease vectors including a major agricultural pest, the South American fruit fly, Anastrepha fraterculus Wiedemann (Diptera: Tephritidae). Results We used wsp, 16S rRNA and a multilocus sequence typing (MLST) scheme including gatB, coxA, hcpA, fbpA, and ftsZ genes to detect and characterize the Wolbachia infection in laboratory strains and wild populations of A. fraterculus from Argentina. Wolbachia was found in all A. fraterculus individuals studied. Nucleotide sequences analysis of wsp gene allowed the identification of two Wolbachia nucleotide variants (named wAfraCast1_A and wAfraCast2_A). After the analysis of 76 individuals, a high prevalence of the wAfraCast2_A variant was found both, in laboratory (82%) and wild populations (95%). MLST analysis identified both Wolbachia genetic variants as sequence type 13. Phylogenetic analysis of concatenated MLST datasets clustered wAfraCast1/2_A in the supergroup A. Paired-crossing experiments among single infected laboratory strains showed a phenotype specifically associated to wAfraCast1_A that includes slight detrimental effects on larval survival, a female-biased sex ratio; suggesting the induction of male-killing phenomena, and a decreased proportion of females producing descendants that appears attributable to the lack of sperm in their spermathecae. Conclusions We detected and characterized at the molecular level two wsp gene sequence variants of Wolbachia both in laboratory and wild populations of A. fraterculus sp.1 from Argentina. Crossing experiments on singly-infected A. fraterculus strains showed evidence of a male killing-like mechanism potentially associated to the wAfraCast1_A - A. fraterculus interactions. Further mating experiments including antibiotic treatments and the analysis of early and late immature stages of descendants will contribute to our understanding of the phenotypes elicited by the Wolbachia variant wAfraCast1_A in A. fraterculus sp.1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Alejandra Conte
- Laboratorio de Insectos de Importancia Agronómica, IGEAF, Instituto nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA) gv IABIMO-CONICET, Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Diego Fernando Segura
- Laboratorio de Insectos de Importancia Agronómica, IGEAF, Instituto nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA) gv IABIMO-CONICET, Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, (CONICET), Ministerio de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación Productiva (MINCyT), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Fabian Horacio Milla
- Laboratorio de Insectos de Importancia Agronómica, IGEAF, Instituto nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA) gv IABIMO-CONICET, Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Antonios Augustinos
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jorge Luis Cladera
- Laboratorio de Insectos de Importancia Agronómica, IGEAF, Instituto nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA) gv IABIMO-CONICET, Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Kostas Bourtzis
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Vienna, Austria
| | - Silvia Beatriz Lanzavecchia
- Laboratorio de Insectos de Importancia Agronómica, IGEAF, Instituto nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA) gv IABIMO-CONICET, Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Juárez ML, Pimper LE, Bachmann GE, Conte CA, Ruiz MJ, Goane L, Medina Pereyra P, Castro F, Salgueiro J, Cladera JL, Fernández PC, Bourtzis K, Lanzavecchia SB, Vera MT, Segura DF. Gut bacterial diversity and physiological traits of Anastrepha fraterculus Brazilian-1 morphotype males are affected by antibiotic treatment. BMC Microbiol 2019; 19:283. [PMID: 31870309 PMCID: PMC6929401 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-019-1645-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The interaction between gut bacterial symbionts and Tephritidae became the focus of several studies that showed that bacteria contributed to the nutritional status and the reproductive potential of its fruit fly hosts. Anastrepha fraterculus is an economically important fruit pest in South America. This pest is currently controlled by insecticides, which prompt the development of environmentally friendly methods such as the sterile insect technique (SIT). For SIT to be effective, a deep understanding of the biology and sexual behavior of the target species is needed. Although many studies have contributed in this direction, little is known about the composition and role of A. fraterculus symbiotic bacteria. In this study we tested the hypothesis that gut bacteria contribute to nutritional status and reproductive success of A. fraterculus males. Results AB affected the bacterial community of the digestive tract of A. fraterculus, in particular bacteria belonging to the Enterobacteriaceae family, which was the dominant bacterial group in the control flies (i.e., non-treated with AB). AB negatively affected parameters directly related to the mating success of laboratory males and their nutritional status. AB also affected males’ survival under starvation conditions. The effect of AB on the behaviour and nutritional status of the males depended on two additional factors: the origin of the males and the presence of a proteinaceous source in the diet. Conclusions Our results suggest that A. fraterculus males gut contain symbiotic organisms that are able to exert a positive contribution on A. fraterculus males’ fitness, although the physiological mechanisms still need further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Laura Juárez
- Cátedra Terapéutica Vegetal, Facultad de Agronomía y Zootecnia (FAZ), Universidad Nacional de Tucumán (UNT), Tucumán, Argentina.,Unidad Ejecutora Lillo, Fundación Miguel Lillo, Tucumán, Argentina.,Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Lida Elena Pimper
- Instituto de Genética Ewald A. Favret (IGEAF), Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA) - GV Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular (IABIMO, CONICET), Hurlingham, Argentina
| | - Guillermo Enrique Bachmann
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Instituto de Genética Ewald A. Favret (IGEAF), Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA) - GV Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular (IABIMO, CONICET), Hurlingham, Argentina
| | - Claudia Alejandra Conte
- Instituto de Genética Ewald A. Favret (IGEAF), Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA) - GV Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular (IABIMO, CONICET), Hurlingham, Argentina
| | - María Josefina Ruiz
- Cátedra Terapéutica Vegetal, Facultad de Agronomía y Zootecnia (FAZ), Universidad Nacional de Tucumán (UNT), Tucumán, Argentina.,Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Lucía Goane
- Cátedra Terapéutica Vegetal, Facultad de Agronomía y Zootecnia (FAZ), Universidad Nacional de Tucumán (UNT), Tucumán, Argentina.,Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - Felipe Castro
- Instituto de Fisiología Animal, Fundación Miguel Lillo, Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Julieta Salgueiro
- Instituto de Genética Ewald A. Favret (IGEAF), Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA) - GV Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular (IABIMO, CONICET), Hurlingham, Argentina
| | - Jorge Luis Cladera
- Instituto de Genética Ewald A. Favret (IGEAF), Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA) - GV Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular (IABIMO, CONICET), Hurlingham, Argentina
| | - Patricia Carina Fernández
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Estación Agropecuaria Delta, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Campana, Argentina
| | - Kostas Bourtzis
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Vienna, Austria
| | - Silvia Beatriz Lanzavecchia
- Instituto de Genética Ewald A. Favret (IGEAF), Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA) - GV Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular (IABIMO, CONICET), Hurlingham, Argentina
| | - María Teresa Vera
- Cátedra Terapéutica Vegetal, Facultad de Agronomía y Zootecnia (FAZ), Universidad Nacional de Tucumán (UNT), Tucumán, Argentina.,Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Diego Fernando Segura
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina. .,Instituto de Genética Ewald A. Favret (IGEAF), Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA) - GV Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular (IABIMO, CONICET), Hurlingham, Argentina.
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Asimakis ED, Khan M, Stathopoulou P, Caceres C, Bourtzis K, Tsiamis G. The effect of diet and radiation on the bacterial symbiome of the melon fly, Zeugodacus cucurbitae (Coquillett). BMC Biotechnol 2019; 19:88. [PMID: 31847902 PMCID: PMC6918631 DOI: 10.1186/s12896-019-0578-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Symbiotic bacteria contribute to a multitude of important biological functions such as nutrition and reproduction and affect multiple physiological factors like fitness and longevity in their insect hosts. The melon fly, Zeugodacus cucurbitae (Coquillett), is an important agricultural pest that affects a variety of cultivated plants belonging mostly to the Cucurbitaceae family. It is considered invasive and widespread in many parts of the world. Several approaches are currently being considered for the management of its populations including the environmentally friendly and effective sterile insect technique (SIT), as a component of an integrated pest management (IPM) strategy. In the present study, we examined the effect of diet and radiation on the bacterial symbiome of Z. cucurbitae flies with the use of Next Generation Sequencing technologies. Results Melon flies were reared on two diets at the larval stage, an artificial bran-based diet and on sweet gourd, which affected significantly the development of the bacterial profiles. Significant differentiation was also observed based on gender. The effect of radiation was mostly diet dependent, with irradiated melon flies reared on the bran diet exhibiting a significant reduction in species diversity and richness compared to their non-irradiated controls. Changes in the bacterial symbiome of the irradiated melon flies included a drastic reduction in the number of sequences affiliated with members of Citrobacter, Raoultella, and Enterobacteriaceae. At the same time, an increase was observed for members of Enterobacter, Providencia and Morganella. Interestingly, the irradiated male melon flies reared on sweet gourd showed a clear differentiation compared to their non-irradiated controls, namely a significant reduction in species richness and minor differences in the relative abundance for members of Enterobacter and Providencia. Conclusions The two diets in conjunction with the irradiation affected significantly the formation of the bacterial symbiome. Melon flies reared on the bran-based artificial diet displayed significant changes in the bacterial symbiome upon irradiation, in all aspects, including species richness, diversity and composition. When reared on sweet gourd, significant changes occurred to male samples due to radiation, only in terms of species richness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elias D Asimakis
- Department of Environmental Engineering, University of Patras, 2 Seferi St., 30131, Agrinio, Greece
| | - Mahfuza Khan
- Insect Biotechnology Division, Institute of Food and Radiation Biology (IFRB), Atomic Energy Research Establishment (AERE), Ganak bari, Savar, Dhaka, 1349, Bangladesh
| | - Panagiota Stathopoulou
- Department of Environmental Engineering, University of Patras, 2 Seferi St., 30131, Agrinio, Greece
| | - Carlos Caceres
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, International Centre, P.O. Box 100, 1400, Vienna, Austria
| | - Kostas Bourtzis
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, International Centre, P.O. Box 100, 1400, Vienna, Austria
| | - George Tsiamis
- Department of Environmental Engineering, University of Patras, 2 Seferi St., 30131, Agrinio, Greece.
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Azis K, Zerva I, Melidis P, Caceres C, Bourtzis K, Ntougias S. Biochemical and nutritional characterization of the medfly gut symbiont Enterobacter sp. AA26 for its use as probiotics in sterile insect technique applications. BMC Biotechnol 2019; 19:90. [PMID: 31847833 PMCID: PMC6918548 DOI: 10.1186/s12896-019-0584-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Enterobacter sp. AA26 was recently isolated from the midgut of Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) and it was shown to have positive effects in rearing efficiency when used as larval probiotics. In this study, biomass production was carried out in bench-scale bioreactors to elucidate the biokinetic properties of Enterobacter sp. AA26 and its nutritional value. Results Strain AA26 is a psychrotolerant, halotolerant, facultatively anaerobic bacterium with broad pH range for growth (pH 4 to 10.2), which possessed the typical biochemical profile of Enterobacter spp. The specific oxygen uptake rate (SOUR) was calculated as 63.2 ± 1.26 and 121 ± 1.73 mg O2 g− 1 VSS h− 1, with the yield coefficients in acetate and glucose being equal to 0.62 ± 0.03 and 0.67 ± 0.003 g biomass produced/g substrate consumed, respectively. The maximum specific growth rate (μmax) of strain AA26 grown in fill-and-draw bioreactors at 20 °C and 35 °C was 0.035 and 0.069 h− 1, respectively. Strain AA26 grew effectively in agro-industrial wastewaters, i.e. cheese whey wastewater (CWW), as alternative substrate for replacing yeast-based media. Biomass of strain AA26 could provide all the essential amino acids and vitamins for the artificial rearing of C. capitata. Greater intracellular α- and β-glucosidase activities were observed during growth of strain AA26 in CWW than in yeast-based substrate, although the opposite pattern was observed for the respective extracellular activities (p < 0.01). Low protease activity was exhibited in cells grown in yeast-based medium, while no lipase activities were detected. Conclusions The ability of strain AA26 to grow in agro-industrial wastes and to provide all the essential nutrients can minimize the cost of commercial media used for mass rearing and large scale sterile insect technique applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos Azis
- Laboratory of Wastewater Management and Treatment Technologies, Department of Environmental Engineering, Democritus University of Thrace, Vas. Sofias 12, 67100, Xanthi, Greece
| | - Ioanna Zerva
- Laboratory of Wastewater Management and Treatment Technologies, Department of Environmental Engineering, Democritus University of Thrace, Vas. Sofias 12, 67100, Xanthi, Greece
| | - Paraschos Melidis
- Laboratory of Wastewater Management and Treatment Technologies, Department of Environmental Engineering, Democritus University of Thrace, Vas. Sofias 12, 67100, Xanthi, Greece
| | - Carlos Caceres
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Programme of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, A-1400, Vienna, Austria
| | - Kostas Bourtzis
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Programme of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, A-1400, Vienna, Austria
| | - Spyridon Ntougias
- Laboratory of Wastewater Management and Treatment Technologies, Department of Environmental Engineering, Democritus University of Thrace, Vas. Sofias 12, 67100, Xanthi, Greece.
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Kyritsis GA, Augustinos AA, Livadaras I, Cáceres C, Bourtzis K, Papadopoulos NT. Medfly-Wolbachia symbiosis: genotype x genotype interactions determine host's life history traits under mass rearing conditions. BMC Biotechnol 2019; 19:96. [PMID: 31847836 PMCID: PMC6918550 DOI: 10.1186/s12896-019-0586-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Wolbachia pipientis is a widespread, obligatory intracellular and maternally inherited bacterium, that induces a wide range of reproductive alterations to its hosts. Cytoplasmic Incompatibility (CI) is causing embryonic lethality, the most common of them. Despite that Wolbachia-borne sterility has been proposed as an environmental friendly pest control method (Incompatible Insect Technique, IIT) since 1970s, the fact that Wolbachia modifies important fitness components of its hosts sets severe barriers to IIT implementation. Mass rearing of Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata (medfly), is highly optimized given that this pest is a model species regarding the implementation of another sterility based pest control method, the Sterile Insect Technique (SIT). We used the medfly-Wolbachia symbiotic association, as a model system, to study the effect of two different Wolbachia strains, on the life history traits of 2 C. capitata lines with different genomic background. RESULTS Wolbachia effects are regulated by both C. capitata genetic background and the Wolbachia strain. Wolbachia infection reduces fertility rates in both C. capitata genetic backgrounds and shortens the pre-pupa developmental duration in the GSS strain. On the other hand, regardless of the strain of Wolbachia (wCer2, wCer4) infection does not affect either the sex ratio or the longevity of adults. wCer4 infection imposed a reduction in females' fecundity but wCer2 did not. Male mating competitiveness, adults flight ability and longevity under water and food deprivation were affected by both the genetic background of medfly and the strain of Wolbachia (genotype by genotype interaction). CONCLUSION Wolbachia infection could alter important life history traits of mass-reared C. capitata lines and therefore the response of each genotype on the Wolbachia infection should be considered toward ensuring the productivity of the Wolbachia-infected insects under mass-rearing conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgios A. Kyritsis
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Programme of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, A-1400 Vienna, Austria
- Laboratory of Entomology and Agricultural Zoology, Department of Agriculture Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly, Phytokou St., 38446 N, Ionia Magnisia, Greece
| | - Antonios A. Augustinos
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Programme of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, A-1400 Vienna, Austria
| | - Ioannis Livadaras
- Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas (FORTH) Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, FORTH, Nikolaou Plastira 100, Vassilika Vouton, GR - 700 13 Heraklion, Crete Greece
| | - Carlos Cáceres
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Programme of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, A-1400 Vienna, Austria
| | - Kostas Bourtzis
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Programme of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, A-1400 Vienna, Austria
| | - Nikos T. Papadopoulos
- Laboratory of Entomology and Agricultural Zoology, Department of Agriculture Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly, Phytokou St., 38446 N, Ionia Magnisia, Greece
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De Cock M, Virgilio M, Vandamme P, Augustinos A, Bourtzis K, Willems A, De Meyer M. Impact of Sample Preservation and Manipulation on Insect Gut Microbiome Profiling. A Test Case With Fruit Flies (Diptera, Tephritidae). Front Microbiol 2019; 10:2833. [PMID: 31921020 PMCID: PMC6923184 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.02833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
High-throughput sequencing (HTS) techniques are of great value for the investigation of microbial communities, and have been extensively used to study the gut microbiome. While most studies focus on the human gut, many others have investigated insects. However, because of the rapid spread of HTS techniques, a lot of variation exists in the protocols for sample preparation. In the present study, we investigated the impact of two widely adopted sample-processing procedures preceding library preparation, i.e., preservation of insect tissue in 70% ethanol (EtOH) and sample dissection. We used the fruit fly Ceratitis capitata (Diptera: Tephritidae) as a model organism and set up two experiments, one comparing the effects of sample manipulation and preservation across life stages and the other across fruit samples from different sources. The results of this study showed no major effects of dissection on the outcome of HTS. However, EtOH preservation did have effects on the recovered gut microbiome, the main effect being a significant reduction of the dominant genus, Providencia, in EtOH-preserved samples. Less abundant bacterial groups were also affected resulting in altered microbial profiles obtained from samples preserved in 70% EtOH. These results have important implications for the planning of future studies and when comparing studies that used different sample preparation protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maarten De Cock
- Department of Biology and Joint Experimental Molecular Unit, Royal Museum for Central Africa, Tervuren, Belgium
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Faculty of Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Massimiliano Virgilio
- Department of Biology and Joint Experimental Molecular Unit, Royal Museum for Central Africa, Tervuren, Belgium
| | - Peter Vandamme
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Faculty of Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Antonios Augustinos
- Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Industrial and Forage Crops, Hellenic Agricultural Organization – Demeter, Patras, Greece
| | - Kostas Bourtzis
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Programme of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Vienna, Austria
| | - Anne Willems
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Faculty of Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Marc De Meyer
- Department of Biology and Joint Experimental Molecular Unit, Royal Museum for Central Africa, Tervuren, Belgium
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Devescovi F, Conte CA, Augustinos A, Martinez EIC, Segura DF, Caceres C, Lanzavecchia SB, Bourtzis K. Symbionts do not affect the mating incompatibility between the Brazilian-1 and Peruvian morphotypes of the Anastrepha fraterculus cryptic species complex. Sci Rep 2019; 9:18319. [PMID: 31797888 PMCID: PMC6893037 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-54704-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The South American fruit fly, Anastrepha fraterculus, is clearly undergoing a speciation process. Among others, two of their morphotypes, the Brazilian-1 and Peruvian, have accumulated differences in pre- and post-zygotic mechanisms resulting in a degree of reproductive isolation. Both harbor a different strain of Wolbachia, which is a widespread endosymbiotic bacterium among many invertebrates producing a range of reproductive effects. In this paper, we studied the role of this bacterium as one of the factors involved in such isolation process. Infected and cured laboratory colonies were used to test pre- and post-zygotic effects, with special emphasis in uni- and bi-directional cytoplasmic incompatibility (CI). We showed that Wolbachia is the only known reproductive symbiont present in these morphotypes. Wolbachia reduced the ability for embryonic development in crosses involving cured females and infected males within each morphotype (uni-directional CI). This inhibition showed to be more effective in the Peruvian morphotype. Bi-directional CI was not evidenced, suggesting the presence of compatible Wolbachia strains. We conclude that Wolbachia is not directly involved in the speciation process of these morphotypes. Other mechanisms rather than CI should be explored in order to explain the reduced mating compatibility between the Brazilian-1 and Peruvian morphotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Devescovi
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular (IABIMO-CONICET), Hurlingham, B1686, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto de Genética "E.A. Favret", Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Hurlingham, B1686, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Claudia A Conte
- Instituto de Genética "E.A. Favret", Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Hurlingham, B1686, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Antonios Augustinos
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Vienna International Centre, P.O. Box 100, 1400, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Industrial and Forage Crops, Hellenic Agricultural Organization - DEMETER, Patras, Greece
| | - Elena I Cancio Martinez
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Vienna International Centre, P.O. Box 100, 1400, Vienna, Austria
| | - Diego F Segura
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular (IABIMO-CONICET), Hurlingham, B1686, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto de Genética "E.A. Favret", Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Hurlingham, B1686, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Carlos Caceres
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Vienna International Centre, P.O. Box 100, 1400, Vienna, Austria
| | - Silvia B Lanzavecchia
- Instituto de Genética "E.A. Favret", Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Hurlingham, B1686, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Kostas Bourtzis
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Vienna International Centre, P.O. Box 100, 1400, Vienna, Austria.
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Augustinos AA, Moraiti CA, Drosopoulou E, Kounatidis I, Mavragani-Tsipidou P, Bourtzis K, Papadopoulos NT. Old residents and new arrivals of Rhagoletis species in Europe. Bull Entomol Res 2019; 109:701-712. [PMID: 30744707 DOI: 10.1017/s0007485319000063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The genus Rhagoletis (Diptera: Tephritidae) comprises more than 65 species distributed throughout Europe, Asia and America, including many species of high economic importance. Currently, there are three Rhagoletis species that infest fruits and nuts in Europe. The European cherry fruit fly, Rhagoletis cerasi (may have invaded Europe a long time ago from the Caucasian area of West Asia), and two invasive species (recently introduced from North America): the eastern American cherry fruit fly, R. cingulata, and the walnut husk fly, R. completa. The presence of different Rhagoletis species may enhance population dynamics and establish an unpredictable economic risk for several fruit and nut crops in Europe. Despite their excessive economic importance, little is known on population dynamics, genetics and symbiotic associations for making sound pest control decisions in terms of species-specific, environmental friendly pest control methods. To this end, the current paper (a) summarizes recently accumulated genetic and population data for the European Rhagoletis species and their association with the endosymbiont Wolbachia pipientis, and (b) explores the possibility of using the current knowledge for implementing the innovative biological control methods of sterile insect technique and incompatible insect technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Augustinos
- Department of Environmental and Natural Resources Management, University of Patras, Agrinio, Greece
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Programme of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Vienna, Austria
| | - C A Moraiti
- Department of Agriculture, Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly, N. Ionia (Volos), Magnesia, Greece
| | - E Drosopoulou
- Department of Genetics, Development and Molecular Biology, School of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - I Kounatidis
- Cell Biology, Development, and Genetics Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, South Park Road, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science & Innovation Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire, OX11 0DE, UK
| | - P Mavragani-Tsipidou
- Department of Genetics, Development and Molecular Biology, School of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - K Bourtzis
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Programme of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Vienna, Austria
| | - N T Papadopoulos
- Department of Agriculture, Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly, N. Ionia (Volos), Magnesia, Greece
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Drosopoulou E, Syllas A, Goutakoli P, Zisiadis GA, Konstantinou T, Pangea D, Sentis G, van Sauers-Muller A, Wee SL, Augustinos AA, Zacharopoulou A, Bourtzis K. Τhe Complete Mitochondrial Genome of Bactrocera carambolae (Diptera: Tephritidae): Genome Description and Phylogenetic Implications. Insects 2019; 10:E429. [PMID: 31795125 PMCID: PMC6955806 DOI: 10.3390/insects10120429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Revised: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Bactrocera carambolae is one of the approximately 100 sibling species of the Bactrocera dorsalis complex and considered to be very closely related to B. dorsalis. Due to their high morphological similarity and overlapping distribution, as well as to their economic impact and quarantine status, the development of reliable markers for species delimitation between the two taxa is of great importance. Here we present the complete mitochondrial genome of B. carambolae sourced from its native range in Malaysia and its invaded territory in Suriname. The mitogenome of B. carambolae presents the typical organization of an insect mitochondrion. Comparisons of the analyzed B. carambolae sequences to all available complete mitochondrial sequences of B. dorsalis revealed several species-specific polymorphic sites. Phylogenetic analysis based on Bactrocera mitogenomes supports that B. carambolae is a differentiated taxon though closely related to B. dorsalis. The present complete mitochondrial sequences of B. carambolae could be used, in the frame of Integrative Taxonomy, for species discrimination and resolution of the phylogenetic relationships within this taxonomically challenging complex, which would facilitate the application of species-specific population suppression strategies, such as the sterile insect technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Drosopoulou
- Department of Genetics, Development and Molecular Biology, School of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (A.S.); (P.G.); (G.-A.Z.); (T.K.); (D.P.); (G.S.)
| | - Alexandros Syllas
- Department of Genetics, Development and Molecular Biology, School of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (A.S.); (P.G.); (G.-A.Z.); (T.K.); (D.P.); (G.S.)
| | - Panagiota Goutakoli
- Department of Genetics, Development and Molecular Biology, School of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (A.S.); (P.G.); (G.-A.Z.); (T.K.); (D.P.); (G.S.)
| | - Georgios-Alkis Zisiadis
- Department of Genetics, Development and Molecular Biology, School of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (A.S.); (P.G.); (G.-A.Z.); (T.K.); (D.P.); (G.S.)
| | - Theodora Konstantinou
- Department of Genetics, Development and Molecular Biology, School of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (A.S.); (P.G.); (G.-A.Z.); (T.K.); (D.P.); (G.S.)
| | - Dimitra Pangea
- Department of Genetics, Development and Molecular Biology, School of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (A.S.); (P.G.); (G.-A.Z.); (T.K.); (D.P.); (G.S.)
| | - George Sentis
- Department of Genetics, Development and Molecular Biology, School of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (A.S.); (P.G.); (G.-A.Z.); (T.K.); (D.P.); (G.S.)
| | - Alies van Sauers-Muller
- Consultant, retired from Ministry of Agriculture, Animal Husbandry and Fisheries, Carambola Fruit Fly Project, Damboentong 282, Tijgerkreek, Saramacca, Suriname;
| | - Suk-Ling Wee
- Center for Insect Systematics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia;
| | - Antonios A. Augustinos
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Seibersdorf, A-1400 Vienna, Austria; (A.A.A.); (K.B.)
| | | | - Kostas Bourtzis
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Seibersdorf, A-1400 Vienna, Austria; (A.A.A.); (K.B.)
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