1
|
Liu C, Tang J, Liang K, Liu P, Li Z. Ready for renascence in mosquito: The regulation of gene expression in Plasmodium sexual development. Acta Trop 2024; 254:107191. [PMID: 38554994 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2024.107191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Malaria remains one of the most perilous vector-borne infectious diseases for humans globally. Sexual gametocyte represents the exclusive stage at which malaria parasites are transmitted from the vertebrate to the Anopheles host. The feasible and effective approach to prevent malaria transmission is by addressing the sexual developmental processes, that is, gametocytogenesis and gametogenesis. Thus, this review will comprehensively cover advances in the regulation of gene expression surrounding the transmissible stages, including epigenetic, transcriptional, and post-transcriptional control.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cong Liu
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology and Key Laboratory of Special Pathogen Prevention and Control of Hunan Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China; School of Public Health, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Jingjing Tang
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology and Key Laboratory of Special Pathogen Prevention and Control of Hunan Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Kejia Liang
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology and Key Laboratory of Special Pathogen Prevention and Control of Hunan Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Peng Liu
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology and Key Laboratory of Special Pathogen Prevention and Control of Hunan Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Zhenkui Li
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology and Key Laboratory of Special Pathogen Prevention and Control of Hunan Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Mwima R, Hui TYJ, Kayondo JK, Burt A. The population genetics of partial diapause, with applications to the aestivating malaria mosquito Anopheles coluzzii. Mol Ecol Resour 2024; 24:e13949. [PMID: 38511493 DOI: 10.1111/1755-0998.13949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Diapause, a form of dormancy to delay or halt the reproductive development during unfavourable seasons, has evolved in many insect species. One example is aestivation, an adult-stage diapause enhancing malaria vectors' survival during the dry season (DS) and their re-establishment in the next rainy season (RS). This work develops a novel genetic approach to estimate the number or proportion of individuals undergoing diapause, as well as the breeding sizes of the two seasons, using signals from temporal allele frequency dynamics. Our modelling shows the magnitude of drift is dampened at early RS when previously aestivating individuals reappear. Aestivation severely biases the temporal effective population size (N e $$ {N}_e $$ ), leading to overestimation of the DS breeding size by1 / 1 - α 2 $$ 1/{\left(1-\alpha \right)}^2 $$ across 1 year, whereα $$ \alpha $$ is the aestivating proportion. We find sampling breeding individuals in three consecutive seasons starting from an RS is sufficient for parameter estimation, and perform extensive simulations to verify our derivations. This method does not require sampling individuals in the dormant state, the biggest challenge in most studies. We illustrate the method by applying it to a published data set for Anopheles coluzzii mosquitoes from Thierola, Mali. Our method and the expected evolutionary implications are applicable to any species in which a fraction of the population diapauses for more than one generation, and are difficult or impossible to sample during that stage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rita Mwima
- Department of Entomology, Uganda Virus Research Institute (UVRI), Entebbe, Uganda
- Department of Biotechnical and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Animal Resources and Biosecurity (COVAB), Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Tin-Yu J Hui
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Ascot, UK
| | - Jonathan K Kayondo
- Department of Entomology, Uganda Virus Research Institute (UVRI), Entebbe, Uganda
| | - Austin Burt
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Ascot, UK
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Laojun S, Changbunjong T, Chaiphongpachara T. Population genetic structure and wing geometric morphometrics of the filarial vector Armigeres subalbatus (Diptera: Culicidae) in Thailand. Acta Trop 2024; 253:107171. [PMID: 38447704 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2024.107171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Armigeres subalbatus (Diptera: Culicidae) is a mosquito species of significant medical and veterinary importance. It is widely distributed across Southeast and East Asia and is commonly found throughout Thailand. This study assessed the genetic diversity and population structure of Ar. subalbatus in Thailand using the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene sequences. Additionally, wing shape variations among these populations were examined using geometric morphometrics (GM). Our results demonstrated that the overall haplotype diversity (Hd) was 0.634, and the nucleotide diversity (π) was 0.0019. Significant negative values in neutrality tests (p < 0.05) indicate that the Ar. subalbatus populations in Thailand are undergoing a phase of expansion following a bottleneck event. The mismatch distribution test suggests that the populations may have started expanding approximately 16,678 years ago. Pairwise genetic differentiation among the 12 populations based on Fst revealed significant differences in 32 pairs (p < 0.05), with the degree of differentiation ranging from 0.000 to 0.419. The GM analysis of wing shape also indicated significant differences in nearly all pairs (p < 0.05), except for between populations from Nakhon Pathom and Samut Songkhram, and between those from Chiang Mai and Mae Hong Son, suggesting no significant difference due to their similar environmental settings. These findings enhance our understanding of the population structure and phenotypic adaptations of mosquito vectors, providing vital insights for the formulation of more efficacious vector control strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sedthapong Laojun
- Department of Public Health and Health Promotion, College of Allied Health Sciences, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, Samut Songkhram 75000, Thailand
| | - Tanasak Changbunjong
- Department of Pre-Clinic and Applied Animal Science, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand; The Monitoring and Surveillance Center for Zoonotic Diseases in Wildlife and Exotic Animals (MoZWE), Faculty of Veterinary Science, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
| | - Tanawat Chaiphongpachara
- Department of Public Health and Health Promotion, College of Allied Health Sciences, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, Samut Songkhram 75000, Thailand.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ren N, Jin Q, Wang F, Huang D, Yang C, Zaman W, Salazar FV, Liu Q, Yuan Z, Xia H. Evaluation of vector susceptibility in Aedes aegypti and Culex pipiens pallens to Tibet orbivirus. mSphere 2024; 9:e0006224. [PMID: 38530016 PMCID: PMC11036799 DOI: 10.1128/msphere.00062-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Mosquito-borne viruses cause various infectious diseases in humans and animals. Tibet orbivirus (TIBOV), a newly identified arbovirus, efficiently replicates in different types of vertebrate and mosquito cells, with its neutralizing antibodies detected in cattle and goats. However, despite being isolated from Culicoides midges, Anopheles, and Culex mosquitoes, there has been a notable absence of systematic studies on its vector competence. Thus, in this study, Aedes aegypti and Culex pipiens pallens were reared in the laboratory to measure vector susceptibility through blood-feeding infection. Furthermore, RNA sequencing was used to examine the overall alterations in the Ae. aegypti transcriptome following TIBOV infection. The results revealed that Ae. aegypti exhibited a high susceptibility to TIBOV compared to Cx. p. pallens. Effective replication of the virus in Ae. aegypti midguts occurred when the blood-feeding titer of TIBOV exceeded 105 plaque-forming units mL-1. Nevertheless, only a few TIBOV RNA-positive samples were detected in the saliva of Ae. aegypti and Cx. p. pallens, suggesting that these mosquito species may not be the primary vectors for TIBOV. Moreover, at 2 dpi of TIBOV, numerous antimicrobial peptides downstream of the Toll and Imd signaling pathways were significantly downregulated in Ae. aegypti, indicating that TIBOV suppressed mosquitos' defense to survive in the vector at an early stage. Subsequently, the stress-activated protein kinase JNK, a crucial component of the MAPK signaling pathway, exhibited significant upregulation. Certain genes were also enriched in the MAPK signaling pathway in TIBOV-infected Ae. aegypti at 7 dpi.IMPORTANCETibet orbivirus (TIBOV) is an understudied arbovirus of the genus Orbivirus. Our study is the first-ever attempt to assess the vector susceptibility of this virus in two important mosquito vectors, Aedes aegypti and Culex pipiens pallens. Additionally, we present transcriptome data detailing the interaction between TIBOV and the immune system of Ae. aegypti, which expands the knowledge about orbivirus infection and its interaction with mosquitoes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nanjie Ren
- Key Laboratory of Virology and Biosafety, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qianqian Jin
- Key Laboratory of Virology and Biosafety, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Virology and Biosafety, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Doudou Huang
- Key Laboratory of Virology and Biosafety, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Cihan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Virology and Biosafety, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wahid Zaman
- Key Laboratory of Virology and Biosafety, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | | | - Qiyong Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiming Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Virology and Biosafety, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Han Xia
- Key Laboratory of Virology and Biosafety, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Hubei Jiangxia Laboratory, Wuhan, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Li W, Ma D, Mu Q, Zhou X, Hua D, Zhao C, Liu Q, Wang J, Meng F. Mutations and intron polymorphisms in voltage-gated sodium channel genes of different geographic populations of Culex pipiens pallens/Culex pipiens quinquefasciatus in China. Infect Dis Poverty 2024; 13:29. [PMID: 38622750 PMCID: PMC11017551 DOI: 10.1186/s40249-024-01197-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Culex pipiens pallens and Culex pipiens quinquefasciatus are the dominant species of Culex mosquitoes in China and important disease vectors. Long-term use of insecticides can cause mutations in the voltage-gated sodium channel (vgsc) gene of mosquitoes, but little is known about the current status and evolutionary origins of vgsc gene in different geographic populations. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the current status of vgsc genes in Cx. p. pallens and Cx. p. quinquefasciatus in China and to investigate the evolutionary inheritance of neighboring downstream introns of the vgsc gene to determine the impact of insecticides on long-term evolution. METHODS Sampling was conducted from July to September 2021 in representative habitats of 22 provincial-level administrative divisions in China. Genomic DNA was extracted from 1308 mosquitoes, the IIS6 fragment of the vgsc gene on the nerve cell membrane was amplified using polymerase chain reaction, and the sequence was used to evaluate allele frequency and knockdown resistance (kdr) frequency. MEGA 11 was used to construct neighbor-joining (NJ) tree. PopART was used to build a TCS network. RESULTS There were 6 alleles and 6 genotypes at the L1014 locus, which included the wild-type alleles TTA/L and CTA/L and the mutant alleles TTT/F, TTC/F, TCT/S and TCA/S. The geographic populations with a kdr frequency less than 20.00% were mainly concentrated in the regions north of 38° N, and the geographic populations with a kdr frequency greater than 80.00% were concentrated in the regions south of 30° N. kdr frequency increased with decreasing latitude. And within the same latitude, the frequency of kdr in large cities is relatively high. Mutations were correlated with the number of introns. The mutant allele TCA/S has only one intron, the mutant allele TTT/F has three introns, and the wild-type allele TTA/L has 17 introns. CONCLUSIONS Cx. p. pallens and Cx. p. quinquefasciatus have developed resistance to insecticides in most regions of China. The neighboring downstream introns of the vgsc gene gradually decreased to one intron with the mutation of the vgsc gene. Mutations may originate from multiple mutation events rather than from a single origin, and populations lacking mutations may be genetically isolated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenyu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Department of Vector Biology and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, WHO Collaborating Centre for Vector Surveillance and Management, Beijing, 102206, People's Republic of China
- Ningxia Center for Disease Prevention and Control, YinChuan, 750004, NingXia, People's Republic of China
| | - Delong Ma
- Jinan Shizhong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, 250000, Shandong, China
| | - Qunzheng Mu
- Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Weifang No. 2 People's Hospital, Weifang, 261000, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinxin Zhou
- Beijing Daxing Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 102600, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongdong Hua
- Jinan Second Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Jinan, 250000, Shandong, China
| | - Chunchun Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Department of Vector Biology and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, WHO Collaborating Centre for Vector Surveillance and Management, Beijing, 102206, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiyong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Department of Vector Biology and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, WHO Collaborating Centre for Vector Surveillance and Management, Beijing, 102206, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Department of Vector Biology and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, WHO Collaborating Centre for Vector Surveillance and Management, Beijing, 102206, People's Republic of China
| | - Fengxia Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Department of Vector Biology and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, WHO Collaborating Centre for Vector Surveillance and Management, Beijing, 102206, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Hixson B, Huot L, Morejon B, Yang X, Nagy P, Michel K, Buchon N. The transcriptional response in mosquitoes distinguishes between fungi and bacteria but not Gram types. BMC Genomics 2024; 25:353. [PMID: 38594632 PMCID: PMC11003161 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-024-10153-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Mosquitoes are prolific vectors of human pathogens, therefore a clear and accurate understanding of the organization of their antimicrobial defenses is crucial for informing the development of transmission control strategies. The canonical infection response in insects, as described in the insect model Drosophila melanogaster, is pathogen type-dependent, with distinct stereotypical responses to Gram-negative bacteria and Gram-positive bacteria/fungi mediated by the activation of the Imd and Toll pathways, respectively. To determine whether this pathogen-specific discrimination is shared by mosquitoes, we used RNAseq to capture the genome-wide transcriptional response of Aedes aegypti and Anopheles gambiae (s.l.) to systemic infection with Gram-negative bacteria, Gram-positive bacteria, yeasts, and filamentous fungi, as well as challenge with heat-killed Gram-negative, Gram-positive, and fungal pathogens. From the resulting data, we found that Ae. aegypti and An. gambiae both mount a core response to all categories of infection, and this response is highly conserved between the two species with respect to both function and orthology. When we compared the transcriptomes of mosquitoes infected with different types of bacteria, we observed that the intensity of the transcriptional response was correlated with both the virulence and growth rate of the infecting pathogen. Exhaustive comparisons of the transcriptomes of Gram-negative-challenged versus Gram-positive-challenged mosquitoes yielded no difference in either species. In Ae. aegypti, however, we identified transcriptional signatures specific to bacterial infection and to fungal infection. The bacterial infection response was dominated by the expression of defensins and cecropins, while the fungal infection response included the disproportionate upregulation of an uncharacterized family of glycine-rich proteins. These signatures were also observed in Ae. aegypti challenged with heat-killed bacteria and fungi, indicating that this species can discriminate between molecular patterns that are specific to bacteria and to fungi.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bretta Hixson
- Cornell Institute of Host-Microbe Interactions and Disease, Department of Entomology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Louise Huot
- Cornell Institute of Host-Microbe Interactions and Disease, Department of Entomology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Bianca Morejon
- Division of Biology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, USA
| | - Xiaowei Yang
- Cornell Institute of Host-Microbe Interactions and Disease, Department of Entomology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
- Current address: State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute for Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Peter Nagy
- Cornell Institute of Host-Microbe Interactions and Disease, Department of Entomology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Kristin Michel
- Division of Biology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, USA
| | - Nicolas Buchon
- Cornell Institute of Host-Microbe Interactions and Disease, Department of Entomology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Noaman K, Abuelmaali SA, Elnour MAB, Korti M, Ageep T, Baleela RMH. First detection of F1534C kdr insecticide resistance mutation in Aedes aegypti in Sudan. Parasitol Res 2024; 123:178. [PMID: 38578300 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-024-08194-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Kheder Noaman
- Tropical Medicine Research Institute, National Center for Research, P.O. Box 1304, Khartoum, 11111, Sudan
| | - Sara A Abuelmaali
- National Public Health Laboratory, Federal Ministry of Health, Khartoum, Sudan.
| | - Mohamed-Ahmed B Elnour
- Tropical Medicine Research Institute, National Center for Research, P.O. Box 1304, Khartoum, 11111, Sudan
| | - Mohammed Korti
- Tropical Medicine Research Institute, National Center for Research, P.O. Box 1304, Khartoum, 11111, Sudan
| | - Tellal Ageep
- Tropical Medicine Research Institute, National Center for Research, P.O. Box 1304, Khartoum, 11111, Sudan
| | - Rania M H Baleela
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Deng Y, Ren S, Liu Q, Zhou D, Zhong C, Jin Y, Xie L, Gu J, Xiao C. A high heterozygosity genome assembly of Aedes albopictus enables the discovery of the association of PGANT3 with blood-feeding behavior. BMC Genomics 2024; 25:336. [PMID: 38570743 PMCID: PMC10993458 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-024-10133-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
The Asian tiger mosquito, Aedes albopictus, is a global invasive species, notorious for its role in transmitting dangerous human arboviruses such as dengue and Chikungunya. Although hematophagous behavior is repulsive, it is an effective strategy for mosquitoes like Aedes albopictus to transmit viruses, posing a significant risk to human health. However, the fragmented nature of the Ae. albopictus genome assembly has been a significant challenge, hindering in-depth biological and genetic studies of this mosquito. In this research, we have harnessed a variety of technologies and implemented a novel strategy to create a significantly improved genome assembly for Ae. albopictus, designated as AealbF3. This assembly boasts a completeness rate of up to 98.1%, and the duplication rate has been minimized to 1.2%. Furthermore, the fragmented contigs or scaffolds of AealbF3 have been organized into three distinct chromosomes, an arrangement corroborated through syntenic plot analysis, which compared the genetic structure of Ae. albopictus with that of Ae. aegypti. Additionally, the study has revealed a phylogenetic relationship suggesting that the PGANT3 gene is implicated in the hematophagous behavior of Ae. albopictus. This involvement was preliminarily substantiated through RNA interference (RNAi) techniques and behavioral experiment. In summary, the AealbF3 genome assembly will facilitate new biological insights and intervention strategies for combating this formidable vector of disease. The innovative assembly process employed in this study could also serve as a valuable template for the assembly of genomes in other insects characterized by high levels of heterozygosity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuhua Deng
- Institute of Translational Medicine Research, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, #81, North Lingnan Avenue, Foshan, China
| | - Shuyi Ren
- Department of Pathogen Biology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, School of Public Healthy, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an, China
| | - Dan Zhou
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, #81, North Lingnan Avenue, Foshan, China
| | - Caimei Zhong
- Department of Dermatology, Shunde District Center for Prevention and Cure of Chronic Diseases, Shunde, China
| | - Yabin Jin
- Institute of Translational Medicine Research, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, #81, North Lingnan Avenue, Foshan, China
| | - Lihua Xie
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, No. 1 Xuefu North Road, University Town, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jinbao Gu
- Department of Pathogen Biology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, School of Public Healthy, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Chuanle Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, #7 Jinsui Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Reichl J, Prossegger C, Petutschnig S, Unterköfler MS, Bakran-Lebl K, Markowicz M, Indra A, Fuehrer HP. Comparison of a multiplex PCR with DNA barcoding for identification of container breeding mosquito species. Parasit Vectors 2024; 17:171. [PMID: 38566239 PMCID: PMC10985852 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-024-06255-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Identification of mosquitoes greatly relies on morphological specification. Since some species cannot be distinguished reliably by morphological methods, it is important to incorporate molecular techniques into the diagnostic pipeline. DNA barcoding using Sanger sequencing is currently widely used for identification of mosquito species. However, this method does not allow detection of multiple species in one sample, which would be important when analysing mosquito eggs. Detection of container breeding Aedes is typically performed by collecting eggs using ovitraps. These traps consist of a black container filled with water and a wooden spatula inserted for oviposition support. Aedes mosquitoes of different species might lay single or multiple eggs on the spatula. In contrast to Sanger sequencing of specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) products, multiplex PCR protocols targeting specific species of interest can be of advantage for detection of multiple species in the same sample. METHODS For this purpose, we adapted a previously published PCR protocol for simultaneous detection of four different Aedes species that are relevant for Austrian monitoring programmes, as they can be found in ovitraps: Aedes albopictus, Aedes japonicus, Aedes koreicus, and Aedes geniculatus. For evaluation of the multiplex PCR protocol, we analysed 2271 ovitrap mosquito samples from the years 2021 and 2022, which were collected within the scope of an Austrian nationwide monitoring programme. We compared the results of the multiplex PCR to the results of DNA barcoding. RESULTS Of 2271 samples, the multiplex PCR could identify 1990 samples, while species determination using DNA barcoding of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene was possible in 1722 samples. The multiplex PCR showed a mixture of different species in 47 samples, which could not be detected with DNA barcoding. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, identification of Aedes species in ovitrap samples was more successful when using the multiplex PCR protocol as opposed to the DNA barcoding protocol. Additionally, the multiplex PCR allowed us to detect multiple species in the same sample, while those species might have been missed when using DNA barcoding with Sanger sequencing alone. Therefore, we propose that the multiplex PCR protocol is highly suitable and of great advantage when analysing mosquito eggs from ovitraps.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julia Reichl
- Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety (AGES), Vienna, Austria
- Institute of Parasitology, Department of Pathobiology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christina Prossegger
- Institute of Parasitology, Department of Pathobiology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sarah Petutschnig
- Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety (AGES), Vienna, Austria
| | - Maria Sophia Unterköfler
- Institute of Parasitology, Department of Pathobiology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Karin Bakran-Lebl
- Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety (AGES), Vienna, Austria
| | - Mateusz Markowicz
- Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety (AGES), Vienna, Austria
| | - Alexander Indra
- Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety (AGES), Vienna, Austria
| | - Hans-Peter Fuehrer
- Institute of Parasitology, Department of Pathobiology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Williams AE, Gittis AG, Botello K, Cruz P, Martin-Martin I, Valenzuela Leon PC, Sumner B, Bonilla B, Calvo E. Structural and functional comparisons of salivary α-glucosidases from the mosquito vectors Aedes aegypti, Anopheles gambiae, and Culex quinquefasciatus. Insect Biochem Mol Biol 2024; 167:104097. [PMID: 38428508 PMCID: PMC10955559 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2024.104097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
Mosquito vectors of medical importance both blood and sugar feed, and their saliva contains bioactive molecules that aid in both processes. Although it has been shown that the salivary glands of several mosquito species exhibit α-glucosidase activities, the specific enzymes responsible for sugar digestion remain understudied. We therefore expressed and purified three recombinant salivary α-glucosidases from the mosquito vectors Aedes aegypti, Anopheles gambiae, and Culex quinquefasciatus and compared their functions and structures. We found that all three enzymes were expressed in the salivary glands of their respective vectors and were secreted into the saliva. The proteins, as well as mosquito salivary gland extracts, exhibited α-glucosidase activity, and the recombinant enzymes displayed preference for sucrose compared to p-nitrophenyl-α-D-glucopyranoside. Finally, we solved the crystal structure of the Ae. aegypti α-glucosidase bound to two calcium ions at a 2.3 Ångstrom resolution. Molecular docking suggested that the Ae. aegypti α-glucosidase preferred di- or polysaccharides compared to monosaccharides, consistent with enzymatic activity assays. Comparing structural models between the three species revealed a high degree of similarity, suggesting similar functional properties. We conclude that the α-glucosidases studied herein are important enzymes for sugar digestion in three mosquito species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adeline E Williams
- Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, 20852, USA
| | - Apostolos G Gittis
- Research Technologies Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Karina Botello
- Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, 20852, USA
| | - Phillip Cruz
- Office of Cyber Infrastructure and Computational Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, 20852, USA
| | - Ines Martin-Martin
- Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, 20852, USA
| | - Paola Carolina Valenzuela Leon
- Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, 20852, USA
| | - Benjamin Sumner
- Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, 20852, USA
| | - Brian Bonilla
- Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, 20852, USA
| | - Eric Calvo
- Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, 20852, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Ali R, Lezcano RD, Jayaraman J, Mohammed A, Carrington CVF, Daniel B, Lovin DD, Cunningham JM, Severson DW, Ramsubhag A. DNA Barcoding Analysis of Trinidad Haemagogus Mosquitoes Reveals Evidence for Putative New Species. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis 2024; 24:237-244. [PMID: 38306182 DOI: 10.1089/vbz.2023.0031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Haemagogus janthinomys is a primary sylvan vector of yellow fever virus and the emerging Mayaro virus. However, despite its medical importance, there is a dearth of data on the molecular taxonomy of this mosquito species. Methods: In this study, DNA barcoding analysis was performed on 64 adult female mosquitoes from Trinidad morphologically identified as Hg. janthinomys. The mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase I (COI) gene and ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) region of the mosquitoes were PCR amplified and sequenced, and molecular phylogenies inferred. Results: The BLASTN analysis showed that only 20% (n = 13/66) of COI sequences had high similarity (>99% identity) to Hg. janthinomys and the remaining sequences had low similarity (<90% identity) to reference GenBank sequences. Phylogenetic analysis of COI sequences revealed the presence of four strongly supported groups, with one distinct clade that did not align with any reference sequences. Corresponding ITS2 sequences for samples in this distinct COI group clustered into three clades. Conclusions: These molecular findings suggest the existence of a putative new Haemagogus mosquito species and underscore the need for further, more in-depth investigations into the taxonomy and classification of the Haemagogus genus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Renee Ali
- Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, The University of the West Indies at St. Augustine, St. Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago
| | - Raul Diosany Lezcano
- Insect Vector Control Division, Ministry of Health, Cunupia, Trinidad and Tobago
| | - Jayaraj Jayaraman
- Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, The University of the West Indies at St. Augustine, St. Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago
| | - Azad Mohammed
- Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, The University of the West Indies at St. Augustine, St. Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago
| | - Christine V F Carrington
- Department of Pre-Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies at St. Augustine, St. Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago
| | - Brent Daniel
- Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, The University of the West Indies at St. Augustine, St. Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago
| | - Diane D Lovin
- Department of Biological Sciences and Eck Institute for Global Health, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, USA
| | - Joanne M Cunningham
- Department of Biological Sciences and Eck Institute for Global Health, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, USA
| | - David W Severson
- Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, The University of the West Indies at St. Augustine, St. Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago
- Department of Biological Sciences and Eck Institute for Global Health, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, USA
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, South Bend, Indiana, USA
| | - Adesh Ramsubhag
- Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, The University of the West Indies at St. Augustine, St. Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Chen DH, He SL, Fu WB, Yan ZT, Hu YJ, Yuan H, Wang MB, Chen B. Mitogenome-based phylogeny of mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae). Insect Sci 2024; 31:599-612. [PMID: 37489338 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.13251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
Mosquitoes are of great medical significance as vectors of many deadly diseases. Mitogenomes have been widely used in phylogenetic studies, but mitogenome knowledge within the family Culicidae is limited, and Culicidae phylogeny is far from resolved. In this study, we surveyed the mitogenomes of 149 Culicidae species, including 7 newly sequenced species. Comparative analysis of 149 mosquito mitogenomes shows gene composition and order to be identical to that of an ancestral insect, and the AT bias, length variation, and codon usage are all consistent with that of other reported Dipteran mitogenomes. Phylogenetic analyses based on the DNA sequences of the 13 protein-coding genes from the 149 species robustly support the monophyly of the subfamily Anophelinae and the tribes Aedini, Culicini, Mansoniini, Sabethini, and Toxorhynchitini. To resolve ambiguous relationships between clades within the subfamily Culicinae, we performed topological tests and show that Aedini is a sister to Culicini and that Uranotaeniini is a sister to (Mansoniini + (Toxorhynchitini + Sabethini)). In addition, we estimated divergence times using a Bayesian relaxation clock based on the sequence data and 3 fossil calibration points. The results show mosquitoes diverged during the Early Jurassic with massive Culicinae radiations during the Cretaceous, coincident with the emergence of angiosperms and the burst of mammals and birds. Overall, this study, which uses the largest number of Culicidae mitogenomes sequenced to date, comprehensively reveals the mitogenome characteristics and mitogenome-based phylogeny and divergence times of Culicidae, providing information for further studies on the mitogenome, phylogeny, evolution, and taxonomic revision of Culicidae.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- De-Hong Chen
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Vector Insects, Institute of Entomology and Molecular Biology, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shu-Lin He
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Vector Insects, Institute of Entomology and Molecular Biology, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wen-Bo Fu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Vector Insects, Institute of Entomology and Molecular Biology, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhen-Tian Yan
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Vector Insects, Institute of Entomology and Molecular Biology, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yun-Jian Hu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Vector Insects, Institute of Entomology and Molecular Biology, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, China
| | - Huan Yuan
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Vector Insects, Institute of Entomology and Molecular Biology, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ming-Bin Wang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Vector Insects, Institute of Entomology and Molecular Biology, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, China
| | - Bin Chen
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Vector Insects, Institute of Entomology and Molecular Biology, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Nagy NA, Tóth GE, Kurucz K, Kemenesi G, Laczkó L. The updated genome of the Hungarian population of Aedes koreicus. Sci Rep 2024; 14:7545. [PMID: 38555322 PMCID: PMC10981705 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-58096-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Vector-borne diseases pose a potential risk to human and animal welfare, and understanding their spread requires genomic resources. The mosquito Aedes koreicus is an emerging vector that has been introduced into Europe more than 15 years ago but only a low quality, fragmented genome was available. In this study, we carried out additional sequencing and assembled and characterized the genome of the species to provide a background for understanding its evolution and biology. The updated genome was 1.1 Gbp long and consisted of 6099 contigs with an N50 value of 329,610 bp and a BUSCO score of 84%. We identified 22,580 genes that could be functionally annotated and paid particular attention to the identification of potential insecticide resistance genes. The assessment of the orthology of the genes indicates a high turnover at the terminal branches of the species tree of mosquitoes with complete genomes, which could contribute to the adaptation and evolutionary success of the species. These results could form the basis for numerous downstream analyzes to develop targets for the control of mosquito populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nikoletta Andrea Nagy
- Department of Evolutionary Zoology and Human Biology, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary.
- HUN-REN-UD Behavioural Ecology Research Group, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary.
- Institute of Metagenomics, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary.
| | - Gábor Endre Tóth
- National Laboratory of Virology, Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, Pecs, Hungary
- Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, WHO Collaborating Centre for Arbovirus and Hemorrhagic Fever Reference and Research, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Kornélia Kurucz
- National Laboratory of Virology, Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, Pecs, Hungary
- Institute of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Pécs, Pecs, Hungary
| | - Gábor Kemenesi
- National Laboratory of Virology, Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, Pecs, Hungary
- Institute of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Pécs, Pecs, Hungary
| | - Levente Laczkó
- HUN-REN-UD Conservation Biology Research Group, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
- One Health Institute, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Odjo EM, Impoinvil D, Fassinou AJYH, Padonou GG, Aïkpon R, Salako AS, Sominahouin AA, Adoha C, Yovogan B, Osse R, Oussou O, Tokponnon F, Gnanguénon V, Hassani AS, Akogbeto MC. The frequency of kdr and ace-1 alleles in Anopheles gambiae s.l. before and during indoor residual spraying (IRS) implementation and four years after IRS withdrawal in three districts in Atacora, Benin. Parasit Vectors 2024; 17:115. [PMID: 38454494 PMCID: PMC10918995 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-024-06206-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Indoor residual spraying (IRS) was first implemented in the Atacora department, Benin from 2011 to 2012 using bendiocarb (carbamate) followed by annual spraying with pirimiphos-methyl (organophosphate) from 2013 to 2018. Before and after IRS implementation in Atacora, standard pyrethroid insecticide-treated bed nets were the main method of vector control in the area. This study investigated the knockdown resistance (kdr) gene (L1014F) and the acetylcholinesterase (ace-1) gene (G119S), before and during IRS implementation, and 4-years after IRS withdrawal from Atacora. This was done to assess how changes in insecticide pressure from indoor residual spraying may have altered the genotypic resistance profile of Anopheles gambiae s.l. METHOD Identification of sibling species of An. gambiae s.l. and detection of the L1014F mutation in the kdr gene and G119S mutation in ace-1 genes was done using molecular analysis. Allelic and genotypic frequencies were calculated and compared with each other before and during IRS implementation and 4 years after IRS withdrawal. The Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium and genetic differentiation within and between populations were assessed. RESULTS Prevalence of the L1014F mutation in all geographic An. gambiae s.l. (An. gambiae s.s., Anopheles. coluzzii, Anopheles. arabiensis, and hybrids of "An. gambiae s.s. and An. coluzzii") populations increased from 69% before IRS to 87% and 90% during and after IRS. The G119S allele frequency during IRS (20%) was significantly higher than before IRS implementation (2%). Four years after IRS withdrawal, allele frequencies returned to similar levels as before IRS (3%). Four years after IRS withdrawal, the populations showed excess heterozygosity at the ace-1 gene and deficit heterozygosity at the kdr gene, whereas both genes had excess heterozygosity before and during IRS (FIS < 0). No genetic differentiation was observed within the populations. CONCLUSIONS This study shows that the withdrawal of IRS with bendiocarb and pirimiphos-methyl may have slowed down the selection of individual mosquitoes with ace-1 resistance alleles in contrast to populations of An. gambiae s.l. with the L1014F resistance allele of the kdr gene. This may suggest that withdrawing the use of carbamates or organophosphates from IRS or rotating alternative insecticides with different modes of action may slow the development of ace-1 insecticide-resistance mutations. The increase in the prevalence of the L1014F mutation of the kdr gene in the population, despite the cessation of IRS, could be explained by the growing use of pyrethroids and DDT in agriculture and for other domestic use. More observational studies in countries where carbamates or organophosphates are still being used as public health insecticides may provide additional insights into these associations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Esdras Mahoutin Odjo
- Centre de Recherche Entomologique de Cotonou, Cotonou, Bénin.
- Faculté des Sciences et Techniques-Université d'Abomey-Calavi, Abomey Calavi, Bénin.
| | - Daniel Impoinvil
- U.S. President's Malaria Initiative (PMI), U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | - Gil Germain Padonou
- Centre de Recherche Entomologique de Cotonou, Cotonou, Bénin
- Faculté des Sciences et Techniques-Université d'Abomey-Calavi, Abomey Calavi, Bénin
| | - Rock Aïkpon
- Centre de Recherche Entomologique de Cotonou, Cotonou, Bénin
- Ecole Normale Supérieure de Natitingou, Université Nationale des Sciences, Technologies, Ingénierie et Mathématiques (UNSTIM) d'Abomey, Abomey, Bénin
| | | | | | - Constantin Adoha
- Centre de Recherche Entomologique de Cotonou, Cotonou, Bénin
- Faculté des Sciences et Techniques-Université d'Abomey-Calavi, Abomey Calavi, Bénin
| | - Boulais Yovogan
- Centre de Recherche Entomologique de Cotonou, Cotonou, Bénin
- Faculté des Sciences et Techniques-Université d'Abomey-Calavi, Abomey Calavi, Bénin
| | - Razaki Osse
- Centre de Recherche Entomologique de Cotonou, Cotonou, Bénin
- Université Nationale d'Agriculture de Porto-Novo, Porto-Novo, Bénin
| | - Olivier Oussou
- Centre de Recherche Entomologique de Cotonou, Cotonou, Bénin
| | | | - Virgile Gnanguénon
- US President's Malaria Initiative (PMI), U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID), Cotonou, Benin
| | - Ahmed Saadani Hassani
- US President's Malaria Initiative (PMI), U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Cotonou, Benin
| | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Alves G, Troco AD, Seixas G, Pabst R, Francisco A, Pedro C, Garcia L, Martins JF, Lopes S. Molecular and entomological surveillance of malaria vectors in urban and rural communities of Benguela Province, Angola. Parasit Vectors 2024; 17:112. [PMID: 38448968 PMCID: PMC10918887 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-024-06214-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Malaria is a major public health problem in Angola, with Anopheles gambiae sensu lato (s.l.) and An. funestus s.l. being the primary vectors. This study aimed to clarify the information gaps concerning local Anopheles mosquito populations. Our objectives were to assess their abundance, geographical dispersion, and blood-feeding patterns. We also investigated their insecticide resistance. Molecular methods were used to identify sibling species, determine the origin of blood meals, measure Plasmodium falciparum infection rates, and detect the presence of knockdown resistance (kdr) mutations. METHODS Adult mosquitoes were collected indoors using CDC light traps from nine randomly selected households at two sentinel sites with distinct ecological characteristics. The samples were collected from 1 February to 30 June 2022. Anopheles mosquitoes were morphologically identified and subjected to molecular identification. Unfed Anopheles females were tested for the presence of P. falciparum DNA in head and thorax, and engorged females were screened for the source of the blood meals. Additionally, members of An. gambiae complex were genotyped for the presence of the L1014F and L1014S kdr mutations. RESULTS In total, 2226 adult mosquitoes were collected, including 733 Anopheles females. Molecular identification revealed the presence of Anopheles coluzzii, An. gambiae senso stricto (s.s.), An. arabiensis, and An. funestus s.s. Notably, there was the first record of An. coluzzii/An. gambiae s.s. hybrid and An. vaneedeni in Benguela Province. Plasmodium falciparum infection rates for An. coluzzii at the urban sentinel site and An. funestus s.s. at the rural site were 23.1% and 5.7%, respectively. The L1014F kdr mutation was discovered in both resistant and susceptible An. coluzzii mosquitoes, while the L1014S mutation was detected in An. gambiae s.s. for the first time in Benguela Province. No kdr mutations were found in An. arabiensis. CONCLUSIONS This study provides valuable insights into the molecular characteristics of malaria vectors from the province of Benguela, emphasising the need for continuous surveillance of local Anopheles populations regarding the establishment of both kdr mutations for tailoring vector control interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gonçalo Alves
- The Mentor Initiative, Burns House, Harlands Road, Haywards Heath, RH16 1PG, UK.
- Global Health and Tropical Medicine, GHTM, Associate Laboratory in Translation and Innovation Towards Global Health, LA-REAL, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, UNL, Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - Arlete Dina Troco
- The Mentor Initiative, Burns House, Harlands Road, Haywards Heath, RH16 1PG, UK
| | - Gonçalo Seixas
- Global Health and Tropical Medicine, GHTM, Associate Laboratory in Translation and Innovation Towards Global Health, LA-REAL, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, UNL, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Rebecca Pabst
- Global Health and Tropical Medicine, GHTM, Associate Laboratory in Translation and Innovation Towards Global Health, LA-REAL, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, UNL, Lisbon, Portugal
| | | | - Cani Pedro
- National Malaria Control Programme, Ministry of Health, Luanda, Angola
| | - Luzala Garcia
- National Malaria Control Programme, Ministry of Health, Luanda, Angola
| | | | - Sergio Lopes
- The Mentor Initiative, Burns House, Harlands Road, Haywards Heath, RH16 1PG, UK
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Sadia CG, Bonneville JM, Zoh MG, Fodjo BK, Kouadio FPA, Oyou SK, Koudou BG, Adepo-Gourene BA, Reynaud S, David JP, Mouahamadou CS. The impact of agrochemical pollutant mixtures on the selection of insecticide resistance in the malaria vector Anopheles gambiae: insights from experimental evolution and transcriptomics. Malar J 2024; 23:69. [PMID: 38443984 PMCID: PMC10916200 DOI: 10.1186/s12936-023-04791-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are several indications that pesticides used in agriculture contribute to the emergence and spread of resistance of mosquitoes to vector control insecticides. However, the impact of such an indirect selection pressure has rarely been quantified and the molecular mechanisms involved are still poorly characterized. In this context, experimental selection with different agrochemical mixtures was conducted in Anopheles gambiae. The multi-generational impact of agrochemicals on insecticide resistance was evaluated by phenotypic and molecular approaches. METHODS Mosquito larvae were selected for 30 generations with three different agrochemical mixtures containing (i) insecticides, (ii) non-insecticides compounds, and (iii) both insecticide and non-insecticide compounds. Every five generations, the resistance of adults to deltamethrin and bendiocarb was monitored using bioassays. The frequencies of the kdr (L995F) and ace1 (G119S) target-site mutations were monitored every 10 generations. RNAseq was performed on all lines at generation 30 in order to identify gene transcription level variations and polymorphisms associated with each selection regime. RESULTS Larval selection with agrochemical mixtures did not affect bendiocarb resistance and did not select for ace1 mutation. Contrastingly, an increased deltamethrin resistance was observed in the three selected lines. Such increased resistance was not majorly associated with the presence of kdr L995F mutation in selected lines. RNA-seq identified 63 candidate resistance genes over-transcribed in at least one selected line. These include genes coding for detoxification enzymes or cuticular proteins previously associated with insecticide resistance, and other genes potentially associated with chemical stress response. Combining an allele frequency filtering with a Bayesian FST-based genome scan allowed to identify genes under selection across multiple genomic loci, supporting a multigenic adaptive response to agrochemical mixtures. CONCLUSION This study supports the role of agrochemical contaminants as a significant larval selection pressure favouring insecticide resistance in malaria vectors. Such selection pressures likely impact kdr mutations and detoxification enzymes, but also more generalist mechanisms such as cuticle resistance, which could potentially lead to cross-tolerance to unrelated insecticide compounds. Such indirect effect of global landscape pollution on mosquito resistance to public health insecticides deserves further attention since it can affect the nature and dynamics of resistance alleles circulating in malaria vectors and impact the efficacy of control vector strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christabelle G Sadia
- University of Nangui Abrogoua, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire.
- Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques (CSRS), Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire.
| | - Jean-Marc Bonneville
- Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine (LECA) UMR 5553, Univ. Grenoble-Alpes, Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Marius G Zoh
- Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine (LECA) UMR 5553, Univ. Grenoble-Alpes, Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, 38000, Grenoble, France
- Vector Control Product Evaluation Centre (VCPEC)/Institut Pierre Richet, Bouaké, Côte d'Ivoire
| | - Behi K Fodjo
- Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques (CSRS), Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire
| | - France-Paraudie A Kouadio
- University of Nangui Abrogoua, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire
- Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques (CSRS), Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire
| | - Sebastien K Oyou
- Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques (CSRS), Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire
| | - Benjamin G Koudou
- University of Nangui Abrogoua, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire
- Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques (CSRS), Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire
| | | | - Stephane Reynaud
- Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine (LECA) UMR 5553, Univ. Grenoble-Alpes, Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Jean-Philippe David
- Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine (LECA) UMR 5553, Univ. Grenoble-Alpes, Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Cosme LV, Corley M, Johnson T, Severson DW, Yan G, Wang X, Beebe N, Maynard A, Bonizzoni M, Khorramnejad A, Martins AJ, Lima JBP, Munstermann LE, Surendran SN, Chen CH, Maringer K, Wahid I, Mukherjee S, Xu J, Fontaine MC, Estallo EL, Stein M, Livdahl T, Scaraffia PY, Carter BH, Mogi M, Tuno N, Mains JW, Medley KA, Bowles DE, Gill RJ, Eritja R, González-Obando R, Trang HTT, Boyer S, Abunyewa AM, Hackett K, Wu T, Nguyễn J, Shen J, Zhao H, Crawford JE, Armbruster P, Caccone A. A genotyping array for the globally invasive vector mosquito, Aedes albopictus. Parasit Vectors 2024; 17:106. [PMID: 38439081 PMCID: PMC10910840 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-024-06158-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although whole-genome sequencing (WGS) is the preferred genotyping method for most genomic analyses, limitations are often experienced when studying genomes characterized by a high percentage of repetitive elements, high linkage, and recombination deserts. The Asian tiger mosquito (Aedes albopictus), for example, has a genome comprising up to 72% repetitive elements, and therefore we set out to develop a single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) chip to be more cost-effective. Aedes albopictus is an invasive species originating from Southeast Asia that has recently spread around the world and is a vector for many human diseases. Developing an accessible genotyping platform is essential in advancing biological control methods and understanding the population dynamics of this pest species, with significant implications for public health. METHODS We designed a SNP chip for Ae. albopictus (Aealbo chip) based on approximately 2.7 million SNPs identified using WGS data from 819 worldwide samples. We validated the chip using laboratory single-pair crosses, comparing technical replicates, and comparing genotypes of samples genotyped by WGS and the SNP chip. We then used the chip for a population genomic analysis of 237 samples from 28 sites in the native range to evaluate its usefulness in describing patterns of genomic variation and tracing the origins of invasions. RESULTS Probes on the Aealbo chip targeted 175,396 SNPs in coding and non-coding regions across all three chromosomes, with a density of 102 SNPs per 1 Mb window, and at least one SNP in each of the 17,461 protein-coding genes. Overall, 70% of the probes captured the genetic variation. Segregation analysis found that 98% of the SNPs followed expectations of single-copy Mendelian genes. Comparisons with WGS indicated that sites with genotype disagreements were mostly heterozygotes at loci with WGS read depth < 20, while there was near complete agreement with WGS read depths > 20, indicating that the chip more accurately detects heterozygotes than low-coverage WGS. Sample sizes did not affect the accuracy of the SNP chip genotype calls. Ancestry analyses identified four to five genetic clusters in the native range with various levels of admixture. CONCLUSIONS The Aealbo chip is highly accurate, is concordant with genotypes from WGS with high sequence coverage, and may be more accurate than low-coverage WGS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luciano Veiga Cosme
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06520-8105, USA.
| | - Margaret Corley
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06520-8105, USA
| | - Thomas Johnson
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06520-8105, USA
| | - Dave W Severson
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA
| | - Guiyun Yan
- Department of Population Health and Disease Prevention, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Xiaoming Wang
- Department of Population Health and Disease Prevention, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Nigel Beebe
- School of the Environment, University of Queensland Australia, St Lucia, Australia
| | - Andrew Maynard
- School of the Environment, University of Queensland Australia, St Lucia, Australia
| | - Mariangela Bonizzoni
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Lazzaro Spallanzani", University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Ayda Khorramnejad
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Lazzaro Spallanzani", University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Ademir Jesus Martins
- Laboratório de Fisiologia e Controle de Artrópodes Vetores, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - José Bento Pereira Lima
- Laboratório de Fisiologia e Controle de Artrópodes Vetores, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Leonard E Munstermann
- Yale School of Public Health and Yale Peabody Museum, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | | | - Chun-Hong Chen
- National Health Research Institutes, National Mosquito-Borne Disease Control Research Center & National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | | | - Isra Wahid
- Center for Zoonotic and Emerging Diseases, Hasanuddin University Medical Research Centre (HUMRC), Makassar, Indonesia
| | - Shomen Mukherjee
- Mitrani Department of Desert Ecology, Jacob Blaustein Institutes of Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Midreshet Ben-Gurion, Israel
- Biological and Life Sciences Division, School of Arts and Sciences, Ahmedabad University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Jiannon Xu
- Department of Biology, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM, USA
| | - Michael C Fontaine
- MIVEGEC, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, IRD, Montpellier, France
- University of Groningen, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Elizabet L Estallo
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Centro de Investigaciones Entomológicas de Córdoba, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas y Tecnológicas, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Marina Stein
- Instituto de Medicina Regional, Universidad Nacional del Nordeste, CONICET CCT Nordeste, Resistencia, Argentina
| | | | - Patricia Y Scaraffia
- School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Brendan H Carter
- School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Motoyoshi Mogi
- Division of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Nabeshima, Saga, Japan
| | - Nobuko Tuno
- Laboratory of Ecology, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | | | - Kim A Medley
- Tyson Research Center, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, USA
| | | | - Richard J Gill
- Department of Life Sciences, Georgina Mace Centre for the Living Planet, Imperial College London, Berkshire, UK
| | - Roger Eritja
- Centre d'Estudis Avançats de Blanes, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Blanes, Spain
| | | | - Huynh T T Trang
- Department of Medical Entomology and Zoonotics, Pasteur Institute in Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Sébastien Boyer
- Medical Entomology Unit, Institut Pasteur du Cambodge, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Ann-Marie Abunyewa
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06520-8105, USA
| | - Kayleigh Hackett
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06520-8105, USA
| | - Tina Wu
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06520-8105, USA
| | - Justin Nguyễn
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06520-8105, USA
| | - Jiangnan Shen
- Department of Biostatistics, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA
| | - Hongyu Zhao
- Department of Biostatistics, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA
| | | | - Peter Armbruster
- Department of Biology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Adalgisa Caccone
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06520-8105, USA
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Matute DR, Cooper BS. Aedes albopictus is present in the lowlands of southern Zambia. Acta Trop 2024; 251:107115. [PMID: 38184292 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2023.107115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
Identifying the current geographic range of disease vectors is a critical first step towards determining effective mechanisms for controlling and potentially eradicating them. This is particularly true given that historical vector ranges may expand due to changing climates and human activity. The Aedes subgenus Stegomyia contains over 100 species, and among them, Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus mosquitoes represent the largest concern for public health, spreading dengue, chikungunya, and zika viruses. While Ae. aegypti has been observed in the country of Zambia for decades, Ae. albopictus has not. In 2015 we sampled four urban and three rural areas in Zambia for Aedes species. Using DNA barcoding, we confirmed the presence of immature and adult Ae. albopictus at two sites: Siavonga and Livingstone. These genotypes seem most closely related to specimens previously collected in Mozambique based on mtDNA barcoding. We resampled Siavonga and Livingstone sites in 2019, again observing immature and adult Ae. albopictus at both sites. Relative Ae. albopictus frequencies were similar between sites, with the exception of immature life stages, which were higher in Siavonga than in Livingstone in 2019. While Ae. albopictus frequencies did not vary through time in Livingstone, both immature and adult frequencies increased through time in Siavonga. This report serves to document the presence of Ae. albopictus in Zambia, which will contribute to understanding the potential public health implications of this disease vector in southern Africa.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel R Matute
- Biology Department, University of North Carolina, 250 Bell Tower Drive, Genome Sciences Building, Chapel Hill, NC 27510, United States.
| | - Brandon S Cooper
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, 32 Campus Dr., Missoula, MT 59812, United States
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Geng DQ, Wang XL, Lyu XY, Raikhel AS, Zou Z. Ecdysone-controlled nuclear receptor ERR regulates metabolic homeostasis in the disease vector mosquito Aedes aegypti. PLoS Genet 2024; 20:e1011196. [PMID: 38466721 PMCID: PMC10957079 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1011196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Hematophagous mosquitoes require vertebrate blood for their reproductive cycles, making them effective vectors for transmitting dangerous human diseases. Thus, high-intensity metabolism is needed to support reproductive events of female mosquitoes. However, the regulatory mechanism linking metabolism and reproduction in mosquitoes remains largely unclear. In this study, we found that the expression of estrogen-related receptor (ERR), a nuclear receptor, is activated by the direct binding of 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E) and ecdysone receptor (EcR) to the ecdysone response element (EcRE) in the ERR promoter region during the gonadotropic cycle of Aedes aegypti (named AaERR). RNA interference (RNAi) of AaERR in female mosquitoes led to delayed development of ovaries. mRNA abundance of genes encoding key enzymes involved in carbohydrate metabolism (CM)-glucose-6-phosphate isomerase (GPI) and pyruvate kinase (PYK)-was significantly decreased in AaERR knockdown mosquitoes, while the levels of metabolites, such as glycogen, glucose, and trehalose, were elevated. The expression of fatty acid synthase (FAS) was notably downregulated, and lipid accumulation was reduced in response to AaERR depletion. Dual luciferase reporter assays and electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSA) determined that AaERR directly activated the expression of metabolic genes, such as GPI, PYK, and FAS, by binding to the corresponding AaERR-responsive motif in the promoter region of these genes. Our results have revealed an important role of AaERR in the regulation of metabolism during mosquito reproduction and offer a novel target for mosquito control.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dan-Qian Geng
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xue-Li Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiang-Yang Lyu
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Alexander S. Raikhel
- Department of Entomology, University of California, Riverside, California, United States of America
- Institute for Integrative Genome Biology, University of California, Riverside, California, United States of America
| | - Zhen Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Simmons CP, Donald W, Tagavi L, Tarivonda L, Quai T, Tavoa R, Noran T, Manikaoti E, Kareaua L, Abwai TT, Chand D, Rama V, Deo V, Deo KK, Tavuii A, Valentine W, Prasad R, Seru E, Naituku L, Ratu A, Hesketh M, Kenny N, Beebe SC, Goundar AA, McCaw A, Buntine M, Green B, Frossard T, Gilles JRL, Joubert DA, Wilson G, Duong LQ, Bouvier JB, Stanford D, Forder C, Duyvestyn JM, Pacidônio EC, Flores HA, Wittmeier N, Retzki K, Ryan PA, Denton JA, Smithyman R, Tanamas SK, Kyrylos P, Dong Y, Khalid A, Hodgson L, Anders KL, O’Neill SL. Successful introgression of wMel Wolbachia into Aedes aegypti populations in Fiji, Vanuatu and Kiribati. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2024; 18:e0012022. [PMID: 38484041 PMCID: PMC10980184 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0012022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Pacific Island countries have experienced periodic dengue, chikungunya and Zika outbreaks for decades. The prevention and control of these mosquito-borne diseases rely heavily on control of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes, which in most settings are the primary vector. Introgression of the intracellular bacterium Wolbachia pipientis (wMel strain) into Ae. aegypti populations reduces their vector competence and consequently lowers dengue incidence in the human population. Here we describe successful area-wide deployments of wMel-infected Ae. aegypti in Suva, Lautoka, Nadi (Fiji), Port Vila (Vanuatu) and South Tarawa (Kiribati). With community support, weekly releases of wMel-infected Ae. aegypti mosquitoes for between 2 to 5 months resulted in wMel introgression in nearly all locations. Long term monitoring confirmed a high, self-sustaining prevalence of wMel infecting mosquitoes in almost all deployment areas. Measurement of public health outcomes were disrupted by the Covid19 pandemic but are expected to emerge in the coming years.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Wesley Donald
- Ministry of Health, Government of Vanuatu, Port Vila, Vanuatu
| | - Lekon Tagavi
- Ministry of Health, Government of Vanuatu, Port Vila, Vanuatu
| | - Len Tarivonda
- Ministry of Health, Government of Vanuatu, Port Vila, Vanuatu
| | | | | | - Tebikau Noran
- Ministry of Health and Medical Services, Kiribati Government, Kiribati
| | - Erirau Manikaoti
- Ministry of Health and Medical Services, Kiribati Government, Kiribati
| | - Lavinia Kareaua
- Ministry of Health and Medical Services, Kiribati Government, Kiribati
| | | | - Dip Chand
- Ministry of Health and Medical Services, Government of Fiji, Suva, Fiji
| | - Vineshwaran Rama
- Ministry of Health and Medical Services, Government of Fiji, Suva, Fiji
| | - Vimal Deo
- Ministry of Health and Medical Services, Government of Fiji, Suva, Fiji
| | | | - Aminiasi Tavuii
- World Mosquito Program, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | | | | | | | | | - Anaseini Ratu
- World Mosquito Program, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - Mark Hesketh
- World Mosquito Program, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - Nichola Kenny
- World Mosquito Program, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - Sarah C. Beebe
- World Mosquito Program, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | | | - Andrew McCaw
- World Mosquito Program, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - Molly Buntine
- World Mosquito Program, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - Ben Green
- World Mosquito Program, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - Tibor Frossard
- World Mosquito Program, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | | | | | - Geoff Wilson
- World Mosquito Program, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - Le Quyen Duong
- World Mosquito Program, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - Jean B Bouvier
- World Mosquito Program, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - Darren Stanford
- World Mosquito Program, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - Carolyn Forder
- World Mosquito Program, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | | | | | | | | | - Kate Retzki
- World Mosquito Program, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - Peter A. Ryan
- World Mosquito Program, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - Jai A. Denton
- World Mosquito Program, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - Ruth Smithyman
- World Mosquito Program, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | | | - Peter Kyrylos
- World Mosquito Program, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - Yi Dong
- World Mosquito Program, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - Anam Khalid
- World Mosquito Program, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - Lauren Hodgson
- World Mosquito Program, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Zhao Q, Jia Y, Lu X, Liu Y, Yin Z, Zhang Y, Fu YU, Luo X, Chu Z, Qiu X. Insecticide Susceptibility and KDR Mutations in Aedes Albopictus Collected from Seven Districts of Guangyuan city, Northern Sichuan, China. J Am Mosq Control Assoc 2024; 40:20-25. [PMID: 38243835 DOI: 10.2987/23-7155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
The Asian tiger mosquito, Aedes albopictus, is an important vector of chikungunya, dengue, yellow fever, and Zika viruses. Vector control remains an important means for the prevention and control of vector-borne diseases. The development of insecticide resistance has become a serious threat to the efficacy of insecticide-based control programs. To understand the resistance status and the underlying genetic mechanism in mosquitoes in Guangyuan City of Sichuan Province, China, we investigated the susceptibility of Ae. albopictus to four commonly used insecticides. We found that all the examined populations were susceptible to malathion and propoxur. However, Ae. albopictus populations in Guangyuan showed a possible resistance to the two tested pyrethroids (beta-cypermethrin and deltamethrin). Notably, phenotypic resistance to deltamethrin was detected in 2 of the 7 populations. The potential of resistance to pyrethroids was confirmed by the presence of knockdown resistance (kdr) related mutations in the voltage-gated sodium channel. Four kdr mutations (V1016G, I1532T, F1534L, and F1534S) were identified to be present alone or in combination, and their distribution displayed significant spatial heterogeneity. These findings are helpful for making evidence-based mosquito control strategies and highlight the need to regularly monitor the dynamics of pyrethroid resistance in this city.
Collapse
|
22
|
Dabo S, Henrion-Lacritick A, Lecuyer A, Jiolle D, Paupy C, Ayala D, da Veiga Leal S, Badolo A, Vega-Rúa A, Sylla M, Akorli J, Otoo S, Lutomiah J, Sang R, Mutebi JP, Saleh MC, Rose NH, McBride CS, Lambrechts L. Extensive variation and strain-specificity in dengue virus susceptibility among African Aedes aegypti populations. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2024; 18:e0011862. [PMID: 38527081 PMCID: PMC10994562 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0011862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
African populations of the mosquito Aedes aegypti are usually considered less susceptible to infection by human-pathogenic flaviviruses than globally invasive populations found outside Africa. Although this contrast has been well documented for Zika virus (ZIKV), it is unclear to what extent it is true for dengue virus (DENV), the most prevalent flavivirus of humans. Addressing this question is complicated by substantial genetic diversity among DENV strains, most notably in the form of four genetic types (DENV1 to DENV4), that can lead to genetically specific interactions with mosquito populations. Here, we carried out a survey of DENV susceptibility using a panel of seven field-derived Ae. aegypti colonies from across the African range of the species and a colony from Guadeloupe, French West Indies as non-African reference. We found considerable variation in the ability of African Ae. aegypti populations to acquire and replicate a panel of six DENV strains spanning the four DENV types. Although African Ae. aegypti populations were generally less susceptible than the reference non-African population from Guadeloupe, in several instances some African populations were equally or more susceptible than the Guadeloupe population. Moreover, the relative level of susceptibility between African mosquito populations depended on the DENV strain, indicating genetically specific interactions. We conclude that unlike ZIKV susceptibility, there is no clear-cut dichotomy in DENV susceptibility between African and non-African Ae. aegypti. DENV susceptibility of African Ae. aegypti populations is highly heterogeneous and largely governed by the specific pairing of mosquito population and DENV strain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stéphanie Dabo
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR2000, Insect-Virus Interactions Unit, Paris, France
| | | | - Alicia Lecuyer
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR2000, Insect-Virus Interactions Unit, Paris, France
| | - Davy Jiolle
- MIVEGEC, Montpellier University, IRD, CNRS, Montpellier, France
- Centre Interdisciplinaire de Recherches Médicales de Franceville, Franceville, Gabon
| | - Christophe Paupy
- MIVEGEC, Montpellier University, IRD, CNRS, Montpellier, France
- Centre Interdisciplinaire de Recherches Médicales de Franceville, Franceville, Gabon
| | - Diego Ayala
- MIVEGEC, Montpellier University, IRD, CNRS, Montpellier, France
- Centre Interdisciplinaire de Recherches Médicales de Franceville, Franceville, Gabon
| | - Silvânia da Veiga Leal
- Laboratório de Entomologia Médica, Instituto Nacional de Saúde Pública, Praia, Cabo Verde
| | - Athanase Badolo
- Laboratoire d’Entomologie Fondamentale et Appliquée, Université Joseph Ki-Zerbo, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
| | - Anubis Vega-Rúa
- Institut Pasteur of Guadeloupe, Laboratory of Vector Control Research, Transmission Reservoir and Pathogens Diversity Unit, Morne Jolivière, Guadeloupe, France
| | - Massamba Sylla
- Department of Livestock Sciences and Techniques, University Sine Saloum El Hadji Ibrahima NIASS, Kaffrine, Senegal
| | - Jewelna Akorli
- Department of Parasitology, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Sampson Otoo
- Department of Parasitology, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Joel Lutomiah
- Arbovirus/Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers Laboratory, Center for Virus Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Rosemary Sang
- Arbovirus/Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers Laboratory, Center for Virus Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - John-Paul Mutebi
- Department of Solid Waste Management, Mosquito Control Division, Miami, Florida, United States of America
| | - Maria-Carla Saleh
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR3569, Viruses and RNA Interference Unit, Paris, France
| | - Noah H. Rose
- Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, United States of America
- Princeton Neuroscience Institute, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Carolyn S. McBride
- Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, United States of America
- Princeton Neuroscience Institute, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Louis Lambrechts
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR2000, Insect-Virus Interactions Unit, Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Blom R, Krol L, Langezaal M, Schrama M, Trimbos KB, Wassenaar D, Koenraadt CJM. Blood-feeding patterns of Culex pipiens biotype pipiens and pipiens/molestus hybrids in relation to avian community composition in urban habitats. Parasit Vectors 2024; 17:95. [PMID: 38424573 PMCID: PMC10902945 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-024-06186-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Culex pipiens sensu stricto (s.s.) is considered the primary vector of Usutu virus and West Nile virus, and consists of two morphologically identical but behaviourally distinct biotypes (Cx. pipiens biotype pipiens and Cx. pipiens biotype molestus) and their hybrids. Both biotypes are expected to differ in their feeding behaviour, and pipiens/molestus hybrids are presumed to display intermediate feeding behaviour. However, the evidence for distinct feeding patterns is scarce, and to date no studies have related differences in feeding patterns to differences in host abundance. METHODS Mosquitoes were collected using CO2-baited traps. We collected blood-engorged Cx. pipiens/torrentium specimens from 12 contrasting urban sites, namely six city parks and six residential areas. Blood engorged Cx. pipiens/torrentium mosquitoes were identified to the species and biotype/hybrid level via real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). We performed blood meal analysis via PCR and Sanger sequencing. Additionally, avian host communities were surveyed via vocal sounds and/or visual observation. RESULTS We selected 64 blood-engorged Cx. pipiens/torrentium mosquitoes of which we successfully determined the host origin of 55 specimens. Of these, 38 belonged to biotype pipiens, 14 were pipiens/molestus hybrids and the identity of three specimens could not be determined. No blood-engorged biotype molestus or Cx. torrentium specimens were collected. We observed no differences in feeding patterns between biotype pipiens and pipiens/molestus hybrids across different habitats. Avian community composition differed between city parks and residential areas, whereas overall avian abundance did not differ between the two habitat types. CONCLUSIONS Our results show the following: (1) Cx. pipiens s.s. feeding patterns did not differ between city parks and residential areas, regardless of whether individuals were identified as biotype pipiens or pipiens/molestus hybrids. (2) We detected differences in host availability between city parks and residential areas. (3) We show that in both urban habitat types, biotype pipiens and pipiens/molestus hybrids fed on both mammalian and avian hosts. This underscores the potential role in arbovirus transmission of biotype pipiens and pipiens/molestus hybrids.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rody Blom
- Laboratory of Entomology, Plant Sciences Group, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Louie Krol
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Deltares, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Melissa Langezaal
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Maarten Schrama
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Krijn B Trimbos
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Daan Wassenaar
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Constantianus J M Koenraadt
- Laboratory of Entomology, Plant Sciences Group, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Chen L, Zhou K, Shi J, Zheng Y, Zhao X, Du Q, Lin Y, Yin X, Jiang J, Feng X. Pyrethroid resistance status and co-occurrence of V1016G, F1534C and S989P mutations in the Aedes aegypti population from two dengue outbreak counties along the China-Myanmar border. Parasit Vectors 2024; 17:91. [PMID: 38414050 PMCID: PMC10898090 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-024-06124-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Over the past two decades, dengue fever (DF) has emerged as a significant arboviral disease in Yunnan province, China, particularly in the China-Myanmar border area. Aedes aegypti, an invasive mosquito species, plays a crucial role in transmitting the dengue virus to the local population. Insecticide-based vector control has been the primary tool employed to combat DF, but the current susceptibility status of Ae. aegypti to commonly used insecticides is unknown. Assessment of Ae. aegypti resistance to pyrethroid insecticides and an understanding of the underlying mechanisms of this resistance in the China-Myanmar border region is of significant strategic importance for effectively controlling the DF epidemic in the area. METHODS Aedes aegypti larvae collected from Ruili and Gengma counties in Yunnan Province were reared to adults in the laboratory and tested for susceptibility to three pyrethroid insecticides (3.20% permethrin, 0.08% lambda-cyhalothrin and 0.20% deltamethrin) by the standard WHO susceptibility bioassay. Genotyping of mutations in the knockdown gene (kdr), namely S989P, V1016G and F1534C, that are responsible for resistance to pyrethroid insecticides was performed using allele-specific PCR methods. A possible association between the observed resistant phenotype and mutations in the voltage-gated sodium channel gene (VGSC) was also studied. RESULTS Aedes aegypti mosquitoes collected from the two counties and reared in the laboratory were resistant to all of the pyrethroids tested, with the exception of Ae. aegypti from Gengma County, which showed sensitivity to 0.20% deltamethrin. The mortality rate of Ae. aegypti from Ruili county exposed to 3.20% permethrin did not differ significantly from that of Ae. aegypti from Gengma County (χ2 = 0.311, P = 0.577). By contrast, the mortality rate of Ae. aegypti from Ruili County exposed to 0.08% lambda-cyhalothrin and 0.20% deltamethrin, respectively, was significantly different from that of Ae. aegypti from Gengma. There was no significant difference in the observed KDT50 of Ae. aegypti from the two counties to various insecticides. Four mutation types and 12 genotypes were detected at three kdr mutation sites. Based on results from all tested Ae. aegypti, the V1016G mutation was the most prevalent kdr mutation (100% prevalence), followed by the S989P mutation (81.6%) and the F1534C mutation (78.9%). The constituent ratio of VGSC gene mutation types was significantly different in Ae. aegypti mosquitoes from Ruili and those Gengma. The triple mutant S989P + V1016G + F1534C was observed in 274 Ae. aegypti mosquitoes (60.8%), with the most common genotype being SP + GG + FC (31.4%). The prevalence of the F1534C mutation was significantly higher in resistant Ae. aegypti from Ruili (odds ratio [OR] 7.43; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.71-32.29; P = 0.01) and Gengma (OR 9.29; 95% CI 3.38-25.50; P = 0.00) counties than in susceptible Ae. aegypti when exposed to 3.20% permethrin and 0.08% lambda-cyhalothrin, respectively. No significant association was observed in the triple mutation genotypes with the Ae. aegypti population exposed to 3.20% permethrin and 0.20% deltamethrin resistance (P > 0.05), except for Ae. aegypti from Gengma County when exposed to 0.08% lambda-cyhalothrin (OR 2.86; 95% CI 1.20-6.81; P = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS Aedes aegypti from Ruili and Gengma counties have developed resistance to various pyrethroid insecticides. The occurrence of multiple mutant sites in VGSC strongly correlated with the high levels of resistance to pyrethroids in the Ae. aegypti populations, highlighting the need for alternative strategies to manage the spread of resistance. A region-specific control strategy for dengue vectors needs to be implemented in the future based on the status of insecticide resistance and kdr mutations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Chen
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
- Yunnan International Joint Laboratory of Tropical Infectious Diseases, Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Vector-Borne Diseases Control and Research, Yunnan Key Technology Innovation Team for Insect Borne Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Yunnan Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Pu'er, China
| | - Kemei Zhou
- Yunnan International Joint Laboratory of Tropical Infectious Diseases, Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Vector-Borne Diseases Control and Research, Yunnan Key Technology Innovation Team for Insect Borne Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Yunnan Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Pu'er, China
| | - Jun Shi
- Lincang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Lincang, China
| | - Yuting Zheng
- Yunnan International Joint Laboratory of Tropical Infectious Diseases, Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Vector-Borne Diseases Control and Research, Yunnan Key Technology Innovation Team for Insect Borne Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Yunnan Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Pu'er, China
| | - Xiaotao Zhao
- Yunnan International Joint Laboratory of Tropical Infectious Diseases, Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Vector-Borne Diseases Control and Research, Yunnan Key Technology Innovation Team for Insect Borne Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Yunnan Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Pu'er, China
| | - Qingyun Du
- Gengma Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Gengma, China
| | - Yingkun Lin
- Dehong Prefecture Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Mangshi, China
| | - Xaioxiong Yin
- Ruili Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Ruili, China
| | - Jinyong Jiang
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China.
- Yunnan International Joint Laboratory of Tropical Infectious Diseases, Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Vector-Borne Diseases Control and Research, Yunnan Key Technology Innovation Team for Insect Borne Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Yunnan Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Pu'er, China.
| | - Xinyu Feng
- School of Global Health, Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 20025, China.
- One Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, The University of Edinburgh, Shanghai, 20025, China.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Giraldo D, Hammond AM, Wu J, Feole B, Al-Saloum N, McMeniman CJ. An expanded neurogenetic toolkit to decode olfaction in the African malaria mosquito Anopheles gambiae. Cell Rep Methods 2024; 4:100714. [PMID: 38412833 PMCID: PMC10921037 DOI: 10.1016/j.crmeth.2024.100714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
Anopheles gambiae uses its sense of smell to hunt humans. We report a two-step method yielding cell-type-specific driver lines for enhanced neuroanatomical and functional studies of its olfactory system. We first integrated a driver-responder-marker (DRM) system cassette consisting of a linked T2A-QF2 driver, QUAS-GFP responder, and a gut-specific transgenesis marker into four chemoreceptor genes (Ir25a, Ir76b, Gr22, and orco) using CRISPR-Cas9-mediated homology-directed repair. The DRM system facilitated rapid selection of in-frame integrations via screening for GFP+ olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs) in G1 larval progeny, even at genomic loci such as orco where we found the transgenesis marker was not visible. Next, we converted these DRM integrations into T2A-QF2 driver-marker lines by Cre-loxP excision of the GFP responder, making them suitable for binary use in transcuticular calcium imaging. These cell-type-specific driver lines tiling key OSN subsets will support systematic efforts to decode olfaction in this prolific malaria vector.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Diego Giraldo
- W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins Malaria Research Institute, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Andrew M Hammond
- W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins Malaria Research Institute, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Jinling Wu
- W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins Malaria Research Institute, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Brandon Feole
- W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins Malaria Research Institute, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Noor Al-Saloum
- W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins Malaria Research Institute, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Conor J McMeniman
- W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins Malaria Research Institute, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; The Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Arich S, Assaid N, Weill M, Tmimi FZ, Taki H, Sarih M, Labbé P. Human activities and densities shape insecticide resistance distribution and dynamics in the virus-vector Culex pipiens mosquitoes from Morocco. Parasit Vectors 2024; 17:72. [PMID: 38374110 PMCID: PMC10877764 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-024-06164-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mosquitoes of the Culex pipiens complex are widely distributed vectors for several arboviruses affecting humans. Consequently, their populations have long been controlled using insecticides, in response to which different resistance mechanisms have been selected. Moreover, their ecological preferences and broad adaptability allow C. pipiens mosquitoes to breed in highly polluted water bodies where they are exposed to many residuals from anthropogenic activities. It has been observed for several mosquito species that anthropization (in particular urbanization and agricultural lands) can lead to increased exposure to insecticides and thus to increased resistance. The main objective of the present study was to investigate whether and how urbanization and/or agricultural lands had a similar impact on C. pipiens resistance to insecticides in Morocco. METHODS Breeding sites were sampled along several transects in four regions around major Moroccan cities, following gradients of decreasing anthropization. The imprint of anthropogenic activities was evaluated around each site as the percentage of areas classified in three categories: urban, agricultural and natural. We then assessed the frequencies of four known resistance alleles in these samples and followed their dynamics in five urban breeding sites over 4 years. RESULTS The distribution of resistance alleles revealed a strong impact of anthropization, in both agricultural and urbanized lands, although different between resistance mutations and between Moroccan regions; we did not find any clear trend in the dynamics of these resistance alleles during the survey. CONCLUSIONS Our study provides further evidence for the role of anthropic activities in the selection and maintenance of mutations selected for resistance to insecticides in mosquitoes. The consequences are worrying as this could decrease vector control capacities and thus result in epizootic and epidemic outbreaks. Consequently, concerted and integrated disease control strategies must be designed that include better management regarding the consequences of our activities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soukaina Arich
- Institut des Sciences de l'Évolution de Montpellier, UMR 5554, CNRS-UM-IRD- EPHE), Université de Montpellier, Cedex 5, Montpellier, France
- Laboratory of Biology and Health, Faculty of Sciences Ben M'Sik, URAC34, Hassan II University of Casablanca, Casablanca, Morocco
- Laboratoire des Maladies Vectorielles (LMV), Institut Pasteur du Maroc, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Najlaa Assaid
- Laboratoire des Maladies Vectorielles (LMV), Institut Pasteur du Maroc, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Mylène Weill
- Institut des Sciences de l'Évolution de Montpellier, UMR 5554, CNRS-UM-IRD- EPHE), Université de Montpellier, Cedex 5, Montpellier, France
| | - Fatim-Zohra Tmimi
- Laboratoire des Maladies Vectorielles (LMV), Institut Pasteur du Maroc, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Hassan Taki
- Laboratory of Biology and Health, Faculty of Sciences Ben M'Sik, URAC34, Hassan II University of Casablanca, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - M'hammed Sarih
- Laboratoire des Maladies Vectorielles (LMV), Institut Pasteur du Maroc, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Pierrick Labbé
- Institut des Sciences de l'Évolution de Montpellier, UMR 5554, CNRS-UM-IRD- EPHE), Université de Montpellier, Cedex 5, Montpellier, France.
- Institut Universitaire de France, 1 rue Descartes, 75231, Cedex 05 Paris, France.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Smidler AL, Marrogi E, Kauffman J, Paton DG, Westervelt KA, Church GM, Esvelt KM, Shaw WR, Catteruccia F. CRISPR-mediated germline mutagenesis for genetic sterilization of Anopheles gambiae males. Sci Rep 2024; 14:4057. [PMID: 38374393 PMCID: PMC10876656 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-54498-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Rapid spread of insecticide resistance among anopheline mosquitoes threatens malaria elimination efforts, necessitating development of alternative vector control technologies. Sterile insect technique (SIT) has been successfully implemented in multiple insect pests to suppress field populations by the release of large numbers of sterile males, yet it has proven difficult to adapt to Anopheles vectors. Here we outline adaptation of a CRISPR-based genetic sterilization system to selectively ablate male sperm cells in the malaria mosquito Anopheles gambiae. We achieve robust mosaic biallelic mutagenesis of zero population growth (zpg, a gene essential for differentiation of germ cells) in F1 individuals after intercrossing a germline-expressing Cas9 transgenic line to a line expressing zpg-targeting gRNAs. Approximately 95% of mutagenized males display complete genetic sterilization, and cause similarly high levels of infertility in their female mates. Using a fluorescence reporter that allows detection of the germline leads to a 100% accurate selection of spermless males, improving the system. These males cause a striking reduction in mosquito population size when released at field-like frequencies in competition cages against wild type males. These findings demonstrate that such a genetic system could be adopted for SIT against important malaria vectors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea L Smidler
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Department of Biology, University of California - San Diego, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Eryney Marrogi
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Jamie Kauffman
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Douglas G Paton
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Kathleen A Westervelt
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - George M Church
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Kevin M Esvelt
- Media Lab, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - W Robert Shaw
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD, 20815, USA.
| | - Flaminia Catteruccia
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD, 20815, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Paronyan L, Babayan L, Vardanyan H, Manucharyan A, Papapostolou KM, Balaska S, Vontas J, Mavridis K. Molecular monitoring of insecticide resistance in major disease vectors in Armenia. Parasit Vectors 2024; 17:54. [PMID: 38321481 PMCID: PMC10848433 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-024-06139-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Armenia is considered particularly vulnerable to life-threatening vector-borne diseases (VBDs) including malaria, West Nile virus disease and leishmaniasis. However, information relevant for the control of the vectors of these diseases, such as their insecticide resistance profile, is scarce. The present study was conducted to provide the first evidence on insecticide resistance mechanisms circulating in major mosquito and sand fly populations in Armenia. METHODS Sampling sites were targeted based mainly on previous historical records of VBD occurrences in humans and vertebrate hosts. Initially, molecular species identification on the collected vector samples was performed. Subsequently, molecular diagnostic assays [polymerase chain reaction (PCR), Sanger sequencing, PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP), quantitative PCR (qPCR)] were performed to profile for major insecticide resistance mechanisms, i.e. target site insensitivity in voltage-gated sodium channel (vgsc) associated with pyrethroid resistance, acetylcholinesterase (ace-1) target site mutations linked to organophosphate (OP) and carbamate (CRB) resistance, chitin synthase (chs-1) target site mutations associated with diflubenzuron (DFB) resistance and gene amplification of carboxylesterases (CCEs) associated with resistance to the OP temephos. RESULTS Anopheles mosquitoes were principally represented by Anopheles sacharovi, a well-known malaria vector in Armenia, which showed no signs of resistance mechanisms. Contrarily, the knockdown resistance (kdr) mutations V1016G and L1014F/C in the vgsc gene were detected in the arboviral mosquito vectors Aedes albopictus and Culex pipiens, respectively. The kdr mutation L1014S was also detected in the sand fly, vectors of leishmaniasis, Phlebotomus papatasi and P. tobbi, whereas no mutations were found in the remaining collected sand fly species, P. sergenti, P. perfiliewi and P. caucasicus. CONCLUSIONS This is the first study to report on molecular mechanisms of insecticide resistance circulating in major mosquito and sand fly disease vectors in Armenia and highlights the need for the establishment of systematic resistance monitoring practices for the implementation of evidence-based control applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lusine Paronyan
- National Center for Disease Control and Prevention, MOH, Yerevan, Republic of Armenia.
| | - Lilit Babayan
- National Center for Disease Control and Prevention, MOH, Yerevan, Republic of Armenia
| | - Haykuhi Vardanyan
- National Center for Disease Control and Prevention, MOH, Yerevan, Republic of Armenia
| | - Arsen Manucharyan
- National Center for Disease Control and Prevention, MOH, Yerevan, Republic of Armenia
| | - Kyriaki Maria Papapostolou
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, 70013, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Sofia Balaska
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, 70013, Heraklion, Greece
| | - John Vontas
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, 70013, Heraklion, Greece
- Department of Crop Science, Pesticide Science Laboratory, Agricultural University of Athens, 11855, Athens, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Mavridis
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, 70013, Heraklion, Greece.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Namias A, Ngaku A, Makoundou P, Unal S, Sicard M, Weill M. Intra-lineage microevolution of Wolbachia leads to the emergence of new cytoplasmic incompatibility patterns. PLoS Biol 2024; 22:e3002493. [PMID: 38315724 PMCID: PMC10868858 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3002493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Mosquitoes of the Culex pipiens complex are worldwide vectors of arbovirus, filarial nematodes, and avian malaria agents. In these hosts, the endosymbiotic bacteria Wolbachia induce cytoplasmic incompatibility (CI), i.e., reduced embryo viability in so-called incompatible crosses. Wolbachia infecting Culex pipiens (wPip) cause CI patterns of unparalleled complexity, associated with the amplification and diversification of cidA and cidB genes, with up to 6 different gene copies described in a single wPip genome. In wPip, CI is thought to function as a toxin-antidote (TA) system where compatibility relies on having the right antidotes (CidA) in the female to bind and neutralize the male's toxins (CidB). By repeating crosses between Culex isofemale lines over a 17 years period, we documented the emergence of a new compatibility type in real time and linked it to a change in cid genes genotype. We showed that loss of specific cidA gene copies in some wPip genomes results in a loss of compatibility. More precisely, we found that this lost antidote had an original sequence at its binding interface, corresponding to the original sequence at the toxin's binding interface. We showed that these original cid variants are recombinant, supporting a role for recombination rather than point mutations in rapid CI evolution. These results strongly support the TA model in natura, adding to all previous data acquired with transgenes expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alice Namias
- ISEM, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, IRD, EPHE, Montpellier, France
| | - Annais Ngaku
- ISEM, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, IRD, EPHE, Montpellier, France
| | - Patrick Makoundou
- ISEM, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, IRD, EPHE, Montpellier, France
| | - Sandra Unal
- ISEM, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, IRD, EPHE, Montpellier, France
| | - Mathieu Sicard
- ISEM, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, IRD, EPHE, Montpellier, France
| | - Mylène Weill
- ISEM, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, IRD, EPHE, Montpellier, France
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Paksa A, Azizi K, Yousefi S, Dabaghmanesh S, Shahabi S, Sanei-Dehkordi A. First report on the molecular phylogenetics and population genetics of Aedes aegypti in Iran. Parasit Vectors 2024; 17:49. [PMID: 38303048 PMCID: PMC10835860 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-024-06138-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aedes aegypti, the primary vector of various human arboviral diseases, is a significant public health threat. Aedes aegypti was detected in Iran in 2018, in Hormozgan province, but comprehensive information regarding its genetic diversity and origin within the country remains scarce. This study aimed to determine the origin and genetic diversity of Ae. aegypti in southern Iran. METHODS Aedes aegypti mosquitoes were collected from Bandar Abbas City, Hormozgan Province, southern Iran, between May and July 2022. Specimens were morphologically identified. Origin and assess genetic diversity were assessed based on the mitochondrial DNA-encoded cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (mtDNA-COI) gene. RESULTS BLAST (basic local alignment search tool) analysis confirmed the accuracy of the morphological identification of all specimens as Ae. aegypti, with 100% similarity to GenBank sequences. Calculated variance and haplotype diversity were 0.502 and 0.00157, respectively. Among the 604 examined nucleotide sequences, only a single site was non-synonymous. Total nucleotide diversity and average pairwise nucleotides were determined as 0.00083 and 0.502, respectively. Fu and Li's D test values were not statistically significant. Strobeck's S statistic value was 0.487, and Tajima's D value was 1.53395; both were not statistically significant (P > 0.10). CONCLUSIONS Phylogenetic analysis revealed two distinct clades with minimal nucleotide differences and low haplotype diversity, suggesting the recent establishment of Ae. Aegypti in the southern region of Iran. The phylogenetic analysis also indicated an association between Ae. aegypti populations and mosquitoes from Saudi Arabia and Pakistan.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Azim Paksa
- Department of Biology and Control of Disease Vectors, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Kourosh Azizi
- Department of Biology and Control of Disease Vectors, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | - Sorna Dabaghmanesh
- Department of Biology and Control of Disease Vectors, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Saeed Shahabi
- Department of Biology and Control of Disease Vectors, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Alireza Sanei-Dehkordi
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Hormozgan Health Institute, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran.
- Department of Biology and Control of Disease Vectors, Faculty of Health, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
D'Amato R, Taxiarchi C, Galardini M, Trusso A, Minuz RL, Grilli S, Somerville AGT, Shittu D, Khalil AS, Galizi R, Crisanti A, Simoni A, Müller R. Anti-CRISPR Anopheles mosquitoes inhibit gene drive spread under challenging behavioural conditions in large cages. Nat Commun 2024; 15:952. [PMID: 38296981 PMCID: PMC10830555 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-44907-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
CRISPR-based gene drives have the potential to spread within populations and are considered as promising vector control tools. A doublesex-targeting gene drive was able to suppress laboratory Anopheles mosquito populations in small and large cages, and it is considered for field application. Challenges related to the field-use of gene drives and the evolving regulatory framework suggest that systems able to modulate or revert the action of gene drives, could be part of post-release risk-mitigation plans. In this study, we challenge an AcrIIA4-based anti-drive to inhibit gene drive spread in age-structured Anopheles gambiae population under complex feeding and behavioural conditions. A stochastic model predicts the experimentally-observed genotype dynamics in age-structured populations in medium-sized cages and highlights the necessity of large-sized cage trials. These experiments and experimental-modelling framework demonstrate the effectiveness of the anti-drive in different scenarios, providing further corroboration for its use in controlling the spread of gene drive in Anopheles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rocco D'Amato
- Genetics and Ecology Research Centre, Polo of Genomics, Genetics and Biology (Polo GGB), Terni, Italy
| | | | - Marco Galardini
- Biological Design Center, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
- Institute for Molecular Bacteriology, TWINCORE Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, a joint venture between the Hannover Medical School (MHH) and the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Hannover, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence RESIST (EXC 2155), Hannover Medical School (MHH), Hannover, Germany
| | - Alessandro Trusso
- Genetics and Ecology Research Centre, Polo of Genomics, Genetics and Biology (Polo GGB), Terni, Italy
| | - Roxana L Minuz
- Genetics and Ecology Research Centre, Polo of Genomics, Genetics and Biology (Polo GGB), Terni, Italy
| | - Silvia Grilli
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | | | - Dammy Shittu
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Ahmad S Khalil
- Biological Design Center, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Roberto Galizi
- Centre for Applied Entomology and Parasitology, School of Life Sciences, Keele University, Keele, UK
| | - Andrea Crisanti
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Alekos Simoni
- Genetics and Ecology Research Centre, Polo of Genomics, Genetics and Biology (Polo GGB), Terni, Italy.
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK.
| | - Ruth Müller
- Genetics and Ecology Research Centre, Polo of Genomics, Genetics and Biology (Polo GGB), Terni, Italy.
- Unit of Entomology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Li M, Kandul NP, Sun R, Yang T, Benetta ED, Brogan DJ, Antoshechkin I, Sánchez C HM, Zhan Y, DeBeaubien NA, Loh YM, Su MP, Montell C, Marshall JM, Akbari OS. Targeting sex determination to suppress mosquito populations. eLife 2024; 12:RP90199. [PMID: 38289340 PMCID: PMC10945564 DOI: 10.7554/elife.90199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Each year, hundreds of millions of people are infected with arboviruses such as dengue, yellow fever, chikungunya, and Zika, which are all primarily spread by the notorious mosquito Aedes aegypti. Traditional control measures have proven insufficient, necessitating innovations. In response, here we generate a next-generation CRISPR-based precision-guided sterile insect technique (pgSIT) for Ae. aegypti that disrupts genes essential for sex determination and fertility, producing predominantly sterile males that can be deployed at any life stage. Using mathematical models and empirical testing, we demonstrate that released pgSIT males can effectively compete with, suppress, and eliminate caged mosquito populations. This versatile species-specific platform has the potential for field deployment to effectively control wild populations of disease vectors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ming Li
- School of Biological Sciences, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, BerkeleyBerkeleyUnited States
| | - Nikolay P Kandul
- School of Biological Sciences, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, BerkeleyBerkeleyUnited States
| | - Ruichen Sun
- School of Biological Sciences, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, BerkeleyBerkeleyUnited States
| | - Ting Yang
- School of Biological Sciences, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, BerkeleyBerkeleyUnited States
| | - Elena D Benetta
- School of Biological Sciences, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, BerkeleyBerkeleyUnited States
| | - Daniel J Brogan
- School of Biological Sciences, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, BerkeleyBerkeleyUnited States
| | - Igor Antoshechkin
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering (BBE), California Institute of TechnologyPasadenaUnited States
| | - Héctor M Sánchez C
- Divisions of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of California, BerkeleyBerkeleyUnited States
| | - Yinpeng Zhan
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology and the Neuroscience Research, Institute, University of California, Santa BarbaraSanta BarbaraUnited States
| | - Nicolas A DeBeaubien
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology and the Neuroscience Research, Institute, University of California, Santa BarbaraSanta BarbaraUnited States
| | - YuMin M Loh
- Graduate School of Science, Nagoya UniversityNagoyaJapan
| | - Matthew P Su
- Graduate School of Science, Nagoya UniversityNagoyaJapan
- Institute for Advanced Research, Nagoya UniversityNagoyaJapan
| | - Craig Montell
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology and the Neuroscience Research, Institute, University of California, Santa BarbaraSanta BarbaraUnited States
| | - John M Marshall
- Divisions of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of California, BerkeleyBerkeleyUnited States
- Innovative Genomics InstituteBerkeleyUnited States
| | - Omar S Akbari
- School of Biological Sciences, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, BerkeleyBerkeleyUnited States
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
McNamara CJ, Ant TH, Harvey-Samuel T, White-Cooper H, Martinez J, Alphey L, Sinkins SP. Transgenic expression of cif genes from Wolbachia strain wAlbB recapitulates cytoplasmic incompatibility in Aedes aegypti. Nat Commun 2024; 15:869. [PMID: 38287029 PMCID: PMC10825118 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45238-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024] Open
Abstract
The endosymbiotic bacteria Wolbachia can invade insect populations by modifying host reproduction through cytoplasmic incompatibility (CI), an effect that results in embryonic lethality when Wolbachia-carrying males mate with Wolbachia-free females. Here we describe a transgenic system for recreating CI in the major arbovirus vector Aedes aegypti using CI factor (cif) genes from wAlbB, a Wolbachia strain currently being deployed to reduce dengue transmission. CI-like sterility is induced when cifA and cifB are co-expressed in testes; this sterility is rescued by maternal cifA expression, thereby reproducing the pattern of Wolbachia-induced CI. Expression of cifB alone is associated with extensive DNA damage and disrupted spermatogenesis. The strength of rescue by maternal cifA expression is dependent on the comparative levels of cifA/cifB expression in males. These findings are consistent with CifB acting as a toxin and CifA as an antitoxin, with CifA attenuating CifB toxicity in both the male germline and in developing embryos. These findings provide important insights into the interactions between cif genes and their mechanism of activity and provide a foundation for the building of a cif gene-based drive system in Ae. aegypti.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cameron J McNamara
- MRC-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, 464 Bearsden Road, Glasgow, G61 1QH, UK
| | - Thomas H Ant
- MRC-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, 464 Bearsden Road, Glasgow, G61 1QH, UK
| | - Tim Harvey-Samuel
- Arthropod Genetics, The Pirbright Institute, Ash Road, Pirbright, Surrey, GU24 0NF, UK
| | - Helen White-Cooper
- Molecular Biosciences Division, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF10 3AX, UK
| | - Julien Martinez
- MRC-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, 464 Bearsden Road, Glasgow, G61 1QH, UK
| | - Luke Alphey
- Arthropod Genetics, The Pirbright Institute, Ash Road, Pirbright, Surrey, GU24 0NF, UK
- The Department of Biology, University of York, Wentworth Way, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Steven P Sinkins
- MRC-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, 464 Bearsden Road, Glasgow, G61 1QH, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Estevez-Castro CF, Rodrigues MF, Babarit A, Ferreira FV, de Andrade EG, Marois E, Cogni R, Aguiar ERGR, Marques JT, Olmo RP. Neofunctionalization driven by positive selection led to the retention of the loqs2 gene encoding an Aedes specific dsRNA binding protein. BMC Biol 2024; 22:14. [PMID: 38273313 PMCID: PMC10809485 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-024-01821-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mosquito borne viruses, such as dengue, Zika, yellow fever and Chikungunya, cause millions of infections every year. These viruses are mostly transmitted by two urban-adapted mosquito species, Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus. Although mechanistic understanding remains largely unknown, Aedes mosquitoes may have unique adaptations that lower the impact of viral infection. Recently, we reported the identification of an Aedes specific double-stranded RNA binding protein (dsRBP), named Loqs2, that is involved in the control of infection by dengue and Zika viruses in mosquitoes. Preliminary analyses suggested that the loqs2 gene is a paralog of loquacious (loqs) and r2d2, two co-factors of the RNA interference (RNAi) pathway, a major antiviral mechanism in insects. RESULTS Here we analyzed the origin and evolution of loqs2. Our data suggest that loqs2 originated from two independent duplications of the first double-stranded RNA binding domain of loqs that occurred before the origin of the Aedes Stegomyia subgenus, around 31 million years ago. We show that the loqs2 gene is evolving under relaxed purifying selection at a faster pace than loqs, with evidence of neofunctionalization driven by positive selection. Accordingly, we observed that Loqs2 is localized mainly in the nucleus, different from R2D2 and both isoforms of Loqs that are cytoplasmic. In contrast to r2d2 and loqs, loqs2 expression is stage- and tissue-specific, restricted mostly to reproductive tissues in adult Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus. Transgenic mosquitoes engineered to express loqs2 ubiquitously undergo developmental arrest at larval stages that correlates with massive dysregulation of gene expression without major effects on microRNAs or other endogenous small RNAs, classically associated with RNA interference. CONCLUSIONS Our results uncover the peculiar origin and neofunctionalization of loqs2 driven by positive selection. This study shows an example of unique adaptations in Aedes mosquitoes that could ultimately help explain their effectiveness as virus vectors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carlos F Estevez-Castro
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, 31270-901, Brazil
- CNRS UPR9022, Inserm U1257, Université de Strasbourg, 67084, Strasbourg, France
| | - Murillo F Rodrigues
- Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, 97403-5289, USA
| | - Antinéa Babarit
- CNRS UPR9022, Inserm U1257, Université de Strasbourg, 67084, Strasbourg, France
| | - Flávia V Ferreira
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Elisa G de Andrade
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, 31270-901, Brazil
- CNRS UPR9022, Inserm U1257, Université de Strasbourg, 67084, Strasbourg, France
| | - Eric Marois
- CNRS UPR9022, Inserm U1257, Université de Strasbourg, 67084, Strasbourg, France
| | - Rodrigo Cogni
- Department of Ecology, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, 05508-090, Brazil
| | - Eric R G R Aguiar
- Department of Biological Science, Center of Biotechnology and Genetics, State University of Santa Cruz, Ilhéus, 45662-900, Brazil
| | - João T Marques
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, 31270-901, Brazil.
- CNRS UPR9022, Inserm U1257, Université de Strasbourg, 67084, Strasbourg, France.
| | - Roenick P Olmo
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, 31270-901, Brazil.
- CNRS UPR9022, Inserm U1257, Université de Strasbourg, 67084, Strasbourg, France.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Enayati A, Valadan R, Bagherzadeh M, Cheraghpour M, Nikookar SH, Fazeli-Dinan M, Hosseini-Vasoukolaei N, Sahraei Rostami F, Shabani Kordshouli R, Raeisi A, Nikpour F, Mirolyaei A, Bagheri F, Sedaghat MM, Zaim M, Weetman D, Hemigway J. Kdr genotyping and the first report of V410L and V1016I kdr mutations in voltage-gated sodium channel gene in Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) from Iran. Parasit Vectors 2024; 17:34. [PMID: 38273349 PMCID: PMC10811842 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-024-06123-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aedes aegypti is the main vector of arboviral diseases worldwide. The species invaded and became established in southern Iran in 2020. Insecticide-based interventions are primarily used for its control. With insecticide resistance widespread, knowledge of resistance mechanisms is vital for informed deployment of insecticidal interventions, but information from Iranian Ae. aegypti is lacking. METHODS Fifty-six Ae. aegypti specimens were collected from the port city of Bandar Lengeh in Hormozgan Province in the South of Iran in 2020 and screened for kdr mutations. The most common kdr mutations in Latin America and Asia (V410L, S989P, V1016G/I and F1534C), especially when present in combinations, are highly predictive of DDT and pyrethroid resistance were detected. Phylogenetic analyses based on the diversity of S989P and V1016G/I mutations were undertaken to assess the phylogeography of these kdr mutations. RESULTS Genotyping all four kdr positions of V410L, S989P, V1016G/I and F1534C revealed that only 16 out of the 56 (28.57%) specimens were homozygous wild type for all kdr mutation sites. Six haplotypes including VSVF (0.537), VSVC (0.107), LSVF (0.016), LSIF (0.071), VPGC (0.257) and LPGC (0.011) were detected in this study. For the first time, 11 specimens harbouring the V410L mutation, and 8 samples with V1016I mutation were found. V410L and V1016I were coincided in 8 specimens. Also, six specimens contained 1016G/I double mutation which was not reported before. CONCLUSIONS The relatively high frequency of these kdr mutations in Iranian Ae. aegypti indicates a population exhibiting substantial resistance to pyrethroid insecticides, which are used widely in control operations and household formulations. The detection of the 410L/1016I kdr mutant haplotype in Iranian Ae. aegypti suggests possible convergence of invasive populations from West Africa or Latin America. However, as Iran has very limited maritime/air connections with those African countries, a Latin American origin for the invasive Ae. aegypti in Iran is more plausible.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmadali Enayati
- Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health and Health Sciences Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
| | - Reza Valadan
- Department of Immunology and Molecular and Cellular Biology Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Mahboobeh Bagherzadeh
- Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Student Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Mohammad Cheraghpour
- Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Student Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Seyed Hassan Nikookar
- Health Sciences Research Center, Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Fazeli-Dinan
- Health Sciences Research Center, Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Nasibeh Hosseini-Vasoukolaei
- Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Sahraei Rostami
- Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Razieh Shabani Kordshouli
- Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Ahmad Raeisi
- Vector Borne Diseases Control Department, Iran CDC, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Medical Parasitology & Mycology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Nikpour
- Vector Borne Diseases Control Department, Iran CDC, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Environmental Chemical Pollutants and Pesticides, Institute for Environmental Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abdolreza Mirolyaei
- Vector Borne Diseases Control Department, Iran CDC, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Bagheri
- Hormozgan Provincial Health Center, Department of Communicable Diseases Control, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Mohammad Mehdi Sedaghat
- Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Morteza Zaim
- Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - David Weetman
- Vector Biology Department, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK
| | - Janet Hemigway
- Vector Biology Department, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Ryazansky SS, Chen C, Potters M, Naumenko AN, Lukyanchikova V, Masri RA, Brusentsov II, Karagodin DA, Yurchenko AA, Dos Anjos VL, Haba Y, Rose NH, Hoffman J, Guo R, Menna T, Kelley M, Ferrill E, Schultz KE, Qi Y, Sharma A, Deschamps S, Llaca V, Mao C, Murphy TD, Baricheva EM, Emrich S, Fritz ML, Benoit JB, Sharakhov IV, McBride CS, Tu Z, Sharakhova MV. The chromosome-scale genome assembly for the West Nile vector Culex quinquefasciatus uncovers patterns of genome evolution in mosquitoes. BMC Biol 2024; 22:16. [PMID: 38273363 PMCID: PMC10809549 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-024-01825-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Understanding genome organization and evolution is important for species involved in transmission of human diseases, such as mosquitoes. Anophelinae and Culicinae subfamilies of mosquitoes show striking differences in genome sizes, sex chromosome arrangements, behavior, and ability to transmit pathogens. However, the genomic basis of these differences is not fully understood. METHODS In this study, we used a combination of advanced genome technologies such as Oxford Nanopore Technology sequencing, Hi-C scaffolding, Bionano, and cytogenetic mapping to develop an improved chromosome-scale genome assembly for the West Nile vector Culex quinquefasciatus. RESULTS We then used this assembly to annotate odorant receptors, odorant binding proteins, and transposable elements. A genomic region containing male-specific sequences on chromosome 1 and a polymorphic inversion on chromosome 3 were identified in the Cx. quinquefasciatus genome. In addition, the genome of Cx. quinquefasciatus was compared with the genomes of other mosquitoes such as malaria vectors An. coluzzi and An. albimanus, and the vector of arboviruses Ae. aegypti. Our work confirms significant expansion of the two chemosensory gene families in Cx. quinquefasciatus, as well as a significant increase and relocation of the transposable elements in both Cx. quinquefasciatus and Ae. aegypti relative to the Anophelines. Phylogenetic analysis clarifies the divergence time between the mosquito species. Our study provides new insights into chromosomal evolution in mosquitoes and finds that the X chromosome of Anophelinae and the sex-determining chromosome 1 of Culicinae have a significantly higher rate of evolution than autosomes. CONCLUSION The improved Cx. quinquefasciatus genome assembly uncovered new details of mosquito genome evolution and has the potential to speed up the development of novel vector control strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sergei S Ryazansky
- Department of Entomology, Virginia Polytechnic and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA
- Department of Molecular Genetics of Cell, NRC "Kurchatov Institute", Moscow, Russia
| | - Chujia Chen
- Genetics, Bioinformatics, Computational Biology Program, Virginia Polytechnic and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Mark Potters
- Department of Biochemistry, Virginia Polytechnic and State University, Blacksburg, USA
| | - Anastasia N Naumenko
- Department of Entomology, Virginia Polytechnic and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA
- Department of Entomology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Varvara Lukyanchikova
- Department of Entomology, Virginia Polytechnic and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA
- Group of Genomic Mechanisms of Development, Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Laboratory of Structural and Functional Genomics, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Reem A Masri
- Department of Entomology, Virginia Polytechnic and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Ilya I Brusentsov
- Department of Entomology, Virginia Polytechnic and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA
- Laboratory of Cell Differentiation Mechanisms, Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Dmitriy A Karagodin
- Laboratory of Cell Differentiation Mechanisms, Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Andrey A Yurchenko
- Department of Entomology, Virginia Polytechnic and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Vitor L Dos Anjos
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Yuki Haba
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Noah H Rose
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Jinna Hoffman
- National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20894, USA
| | - Rong Guo
- Department of Entomology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Theresa Menna
- Department of Entomology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Melissa Kelley
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Emily Ferrill
- County of San Diego Vector Control Program, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Karen E Schultz
- Mosquito and Vector Management District of Santa Barbara County, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
| | - Yumin Qi
- Department of Biochemistry, Virginia Polytechnic and State University, Blacksburg, USA
| | - Atashi Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry, Virginia Polytechnic and State University, Blacksburg, USA
| | | | | | - Chunhong Mao
- Biocomplexity Institute & Initiative University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Terence D Murphy
- National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20894, USA
| | - Elina M Baricheva
- Laboratory of Cell Differentiation Mechanisms, Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Scott Emrich
- Department of Electrical Engineering & Computer Science, the University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA
| | - Megan L Fritz
- Department of Entomology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Joshua B Benoit
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Igor V Sharakhov
- Department of Entomology, Virginia Polytechnic and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA
- Fralin Life Sciences Institute, Virginia Polytechnic and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Carolyn S McBride
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
- Princeton Neuroscience Institute, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Zhijian Tu
- Genetics, Bioinformatics, Computational Biology Program, Virginia Polytechnic and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Virginia Polytechnic and State University, Blacksburg, USA
- Fralin Life Sciences Institute, Virginia Polytechnic and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Maria V Sharakhova
- Department of Entomology, Virginia Polytechnic and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA.
- Laboratory of Cell Differentiation Mechanisms, Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Novosibirsk, Russia.
- Fralin Life Sciences Institute, Virginia Polytechnic and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Tajudeen YA, Oladipo HJ, Oladunjoye IO, Oladipo MK, Shittu HD, Abdulmumeen IF, Afolabi AO, El-Sherbini MS. Transforming malaria prevention and control: the prospects and challenges of gene drive technology for mosquito management. Ann Med 2024; 55:2302504. [PMID: 38232762 PMCID: PMC10795774 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2024.2302504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: In the era of insecticides and anti-malarial drug resistance, gene drive technology holds considerable promise for malaria control. Gene drive technology deploys genetic modifications into mosquito populations to impede their ability to transmit the malaria parasite. This can be either through the disruption of an essential mosquito gene or the association of gene drive with a desirable effector gene. CRISPR (Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats) is a gene editing tool that precisely modifies mosquito vector DNA sequences and curtails the rate of pathogen transmission.Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted in the SCOPUS and MEDLINE databases (via PubMed) until October 2023. The keywords used were related to the principles and mechanisms of gene drive technology, its advantages, and disadvantages, and its ethical and regulatory considerations in sustainable malaria eradication.Results: The development of gene drive enables the preferential inheritance of specific genes in targeted mosquitoes, potentially obstructing the transmission of the Plasmodium parasite. This technology was also studied for the control of other vector-borne diseases such as dengue and chikungunya viruses. Despite its experimental superiority over other traditional methods such as insecticide-treated nets and insecticide sprays, the long-term dynamic interplay of mutation and resistance poses challenges for gene drive efficiency in sustainable malaria control.Conclusions: This commentary elucidates the underlying mechanisms and principles of gene drive technology, underscoring its promise and challenges as a novel strategy to curtail malaria prevalence. Although the release of such genetically modified mosquitoes into the natural environment would result in the eradication of the locally targeted species of mosquitoes, the complete eradication of the entire species remains questionable. Thus, the practical application raises significant ethical and regulatory concerns for further research and risk assessment, including the risk of gene drive spreading to nontarget species in the wider theatre of biodiverse species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yusuf Amuda Tajudeen
- Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Faculty of Public Health, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - Habeebullah Jayeola Oladipo
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | | | | | | | - Imam-Fulani Abdulmumeen
- Faculty of health science, Department of Public health, Alhikmah University Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - Abdullateef Opeyemi Afolabi
- Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Kampala International University, Bushenyi, Uganda
| | - Mona Said El-Sherbini
- Department of Medical Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Mendis BAN, Peiris V, Harshani WAK, Fernando HSD, de Silva BGDNK. Fine-scale monitoring of insecticide resistance in Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) from Sri Lanka and modeling the phenotypic resistance using rational approximation. Parasit Vectors 2024; 17:18. [PMID: 38216956 PMCID: PMC10785423 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-023-06100-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The unplanned and intensified use of insecticides to control mosquito-borne diseases has led to an upsurge of resistance to commonly used insecticides. Aedes aegypti, the main vector of dengue, chikungunya, and Zika virus, is primarily controlled through the application of adulticides (pyrethroid insecticides) and larvicides (temephos). Fine spatial-scale analysis of resistance may reveal important resistance-related patterns, and the application of mathematical models to determine the phenotypic resistance status lessens the cost and usage of resources, thus resulting in an enhanced and successful control program. METHODS The phenotypic resistance for permethrin, deltamethrin, and malathion was monitored in the Ae. aegypti populations using the World Health Organization (WHO) adult bioassay method. Mosquitoes' resistance to permethrin and deltamethrin was evaluated for the commonly occurring base substitutions in the voltage-gated sodium channel (vgsc) gene. Rational functions were used to determine the relationship between the kdr alleles and the phenotypic resistant percentage of Ae. aegypti in Sri Lanka. RESULTS The results of the bioassays revealed highly resistant Ae. aegypti populations for the two pyrethroid insecticides (permethrin and deltamethrin) tested. All populations were susceptible to 5% malathion insecticide. The study also revealed high frequencies of C1534 and G1016 in all the populations studied. The highest haplotype frequency was detected for the haplotype CC/VV, followed by FC/VV and CC/VG. Of the seven models obtained, this study suggests the prediction models using rational approximation considering the C allele frequencies and the total of C, G, and P allele frequencies and phenotypic resistance as the best fits for the area concerned. CONCLUSIONS This is the first study to our knowledge to provide a model to predict phenotypic resistance using rational functions considering kdr alleles. The flexible nature of the rational functions has revealed the most suitable association among them. Thus, a general evaluation of kdr alleles prior to insecticide applications would unveil the phenotypic resistance percentage of the wild mosquito population. A site-specific strategy is recommended for monitoring resistance with a mathematical approach and management of insecticide applications for the vector population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B A N Mendis
- Center for Biotechnology, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda, Sri Lanka
| | - V Peiris
- Deakin University, 221 Burwood Hwy, Burwood, VIC, 3125, Australia
- Center for Optimization and Decision Science, Curtin University, Kent Street, Bentley, WA, 6102, Australia
| | - W A K Harshani
- Center for Biotechnology, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda, Sri Lanka
| | - H S D Fernando
- Center for Biotechnology, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda, Sri Lanka
| | - B G D N K de Silva
- Center for Biotechnology, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda, Sri Lanka.
- Genetics and Molecular Biology Unit, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda, Sri Lanka.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Thia JA, Endersby-Harshman N, Collier S, Nassar MS, Tawfik EA, Alfageeh MB, Elfekih S, Hoffmann AA. Mitochondrial DNA variation in Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) mosquitoes from Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. J Med Entomol 2024; 61:250-256. [PMID: 37738428 PMCID: PMC10784777 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjad131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
Wolbachia (Hertig 1936) (Rickettsiales: Ehrlichiaceae) has emerged as a valuable biocontrol tool in the fight against dengue by suppressing the transmission of the virus through mosquitoes. Monitoring the dynamics of Wolbachia is crucial for evaluating the effectiveness of release programs. Mitochondrial (mtDNA) markers serve as important tools for molecular tracking of infected mitochondrial backgrounds over time but require an understanding of the variation in release sites. In this study, we investigated the mitochondrial lineages of Aedes aegypti (Linnaeus 1762) in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, which is a prospective release site for the "wAlbBQ" Wolbachia-infected strain of this mosquito species. We employed a combination of comprehensive mitogenomic analysis (including all protein-coding genes) and mtDNA marker analysis (cox1 and nad5) using data collected from Jeddah. We combined our mitogenome and mtDNA marker data with those from previous studies to place mitochondrial variation in Saudi Arabia into a broader global context. Our findings revealed the presence of 4 subclades that can be broadly categorized into 2 major mitochondrial lineages. Ae. aegypti mosquitoes from Jeddah belonged to both major lineages. Whilst mitogenomic data offered a higher resolution for distinguishing Jeddah mosquitoes from the wAlbBQ strain, the combination of cox1 and nad5 mtDNA markers alone proved to be sufficient. This study provides the first important characterization of Ae. aegypti mitochondrial lineages in Saudi Arabia and offers essential baseline information for planning future molecular monitoring efforts during the release of Wolbachia-infected mosquitoes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joshua A Thia
- Pest and Environmental Adaptation Research Group, Bio21 Institute and The School of Biosciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Nancy Endersby-Harshman
- Pest and Environmental Adaptation Research Group, Bio21 Institute and The School of Biosciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Sophie Collier
- Pest and Environmental Adaptation Research Group, Bio21 Institute and The School of Biosciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Majed S Nassar
- Advanced Diagnostics and Therapeutics Institute, Health Sector, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, P.O. Box 6086, Riyadh 11442, Saudi Arabia
| | - Essam A Tawfik
- Advanced Diagnostics and Therapeutics Institute, Health Sector, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, P.O. Box 6086, Riyadh 11442, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed B Alfageeh
- Advanced Diagnostics and Therapeutics Institute, Health Sector, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, P.O. Box 6086, Riyadh 11442, Saudi Arabia
| | - Samia Elfekih
- Pest and Environmental Adaptation Research Group, Bio21 Institute and The School of Biosciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- CSIRO Health and Biosecurity, Australian Centre for Disease Preparedness (ACDP), Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Ary A Hoffmann
- Pest and Environmental Adaptation Research Group, Bio21 Institute and The School of Biosciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Real-Jaramillo S, Bustillos JJ, Moncayo AL, Neira M, Fárez L, Beltrán E, Ocaña-Mayorga S. Phenotypic resistance not associated with knockdown mutations (kdr) in Anopheles albimanus exposed to deltamethrin in southern coastal Ecuador. Malar J 2024; 23:17. [PMID: 38217047 PMCID: PMC10787486 DOI: 10.1186/s12936-023-04818-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Decrease in malaria rates (e.g. incidence and cases) in Latin America maintains this region on track to achieve the goal of elimination. During the last 5 years, three countries have been certified as malaria free. However, the region fails to achieve the goal of 40% reduction on malaria rates and an increase of cases has been reported in some countries, including Ecuador. This scenario has been associated with multiple causes, such as decrease of funding to continue anti-malarial programmes and the development of insecticide resistance of the main malaria vectors. In Ecuador, official reports indicated phenotypic resistance in Aedes aegypti and Anopheles albimanus to deltamethrin and malathion, particularly in the coastal areas of Ecuador, however, information about the mechanisms of resistance have not been yet elucidated. This study aims to evaluate phenotypic response to deltamethrin and its relationship with kdr mutations in An. albimanus from two localities with different agricultural activities in southern coastal Ecuador. METHODS The CDC bottle assay was carried out to evaluate the phenotypic status of the mosquito's population. Sequencing the voltage gated sodium channel gene (VGSC) sought knockdown mutations (kdr) in codons 1010, 1013 and 1014 associated with resistance. RESULTS Phenotypic resistance was found in Santa Rosa (63.3%) and suspected resistance in Huaquillas (82.1%); with females presenting a higher median of knockdown rate (83.7%) than males (45.6%). No statistical differences were found between the distributions of knockdown rate for the two localities (p = 0.6048) which indicates no influence of agricultural activity. Although phenotypic resistance was confirmed, genetic analysis demonstrate that this resistance was not related with the kdr mechanism of the VGSC gene because no mutations were found in codons 1010 and 1013, while in codon 1014, 90.6% showed the susceptible sequence (TTG) and 7.3% ambiguous nucleotides (TKK and TYG). CONCLUSIONS These results highlighted the importance of continuous monitoring of resistance in malaria vectors in Ecuador, particularly in areas that have reported outbreaks during the last years. It is also important to elucidate the mechanism involved in the development of the resistance to PYs to propose alternative insecticides or strategies for vector control in areas where resistance is present.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sebasthian Real-Jaramillo
- Centro de Investigación para la Salud en América Latina, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Calle Pambacienda y San Pedro del Valle, Campus Nayón, 170530, Nayón, Ecuador
| | - Juan J Bustillos
- Centro de Investigación para la Salud en América Latina, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Calle Pambacienda y San Pedro del Valle, Campus Nayón, 170530, Nayón, Ecuador
| | - Ana L Moncayo
- Centro de Investigación para la Salud en América Latina, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Calle Pambacienda y San Pedro del Valle, Campus Nayón, 170530, Nayón, Ecuador
| | - Marco Neira
- Centro de Investigación para la Salud en América Latina, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Calle Pambacienda y San Pedro del Valle, Campus Nayón, 170530, Nayón, Ecuador
- The Cyprus Institute, Climate and Atmosphere Research Center (CARE-C), Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Leonardo Fárez
- Laboratorio de Referencia Intermedio de Entomología CZ707D02, Ministerio de Salud Pública de Ecuador, Machala, Ecuador
| | - Efraín Beltrán
- Unidad Académica de Ciencias Químicas y de La Salud, Universidad Técnica de Machala, Machala, Ecuador
| | - Sofía Ocaña-Mayorga
- Centro de Investigación para la Salud en América Latina, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Calle Pambacienda y San Pedro del Valle, Campus Nayón, 170530, Nayón, Ecuador.
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Akuoko OK, Dhikrullahi SB, Hinne IA, Mohammed AR, Owusu-Asenso CM, Coleman S, Dadzie SK, Kyerematen R, Boakye DA, Wilson MD, Afrane YA. Biting behaviour, spatio-temporal dynamics, and the insecticide resistance status of malaria vectors in different ecological zones in Ghana. Parasit Vectors 2024; 17:16. [PMID: 38195546 PMCID: PMC10775458 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-023-06065-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A significant decrease in malaria morbidity and mortality has been attained using long-lasting insecticide-treated nets and indoor residual spraying. Selective pressure from these control methods influences changes in vector bionomics and behavioural pattern. There is a need to understand how insecticide resistance drives behavioural changes within vector species. This study aimed to determine the spatio-temporal dynamics and biting behaviour of malaria vectors in different ecological zones in Ghana in an era of high insecticide use for public health vector control. METHODS Adult mosquitoes were collected during the dry and rainy seasons in 2017 and 2018 from five study sites in Ghana in different ecological zones. Indoor- and outdoor-biting mosquitoes were collected per hour from 18:00 to 06:00 h employing the human landing catch (HLC) technique. Morphological and molecular species identifications of vectors were done using identification keys and PCR respectively. Genotyping of insecticide-resistant markers was done using the TaqMan SNP genotyping probe-based assays. Detection of Plasmodium falciparum sporozoites was determined using PCR. RESULTS A total of 50,322 mosquitoes belonging to four different genera were collected from all the study sites during the sampling seasons in 2017 and 2018. Among the Anophelines were Anopheles gambiae s.l. 93.2%, (31,055/33,334), An. funestus 2.1%, (690/33,334), An. pharoensis 4.6%, (1545/33,334), and An. rufipes 0.1% (44/33,334). Overall, 76.4%, (25,468/33,334) of Anopheles mosquitoes were collected in the rainy season and 23.6%, (7866/33,334) in the dry season. There was a significant difference (Z = 2.410; P = 0.0160) between indoor-biting (51.1%; 15,866/31,055) and outdoor-biting An. gambiae s.l. (48.9%; 15,189/31,055). The frequency of the Vgsc-1014F mutation was slightly higher in indoor-biting mosquitoes (54.9%) than outdoors (45.1%). Overall, 44 pools of samples were positive for P. falciparum CSP giving an overall sporozoite rate of 0.1%. CONCLUSION Anopheles gambiae s.l. were more abundant indoors across all ecological zones of Ghana. The frequency of G119S was higher indoors than outdoors from all the study sites, but with higher sporozoite rates in outdoor mosquitoes in Dodowa and Kpalsogu. There is, therefore, an urgent need for a supplementary malaria control intervention to control outdoor-biting mosquitoes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Osei K Akuoko
- Department of Parasitology, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana
- African Regional Post-Graduate Programme in Insect Science, College of Basic and Applied Science, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana
| | - Shittu B Dhikrullahi
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Centre for Vector-Borne Diseases Research, University of Ghana Medical School, University of Ghana, Korle-Bu, Accra, Ghana
| | - Isaac A Hinne
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Centre for Vector-Borne Diseases Research, University of Ghana Medical School, University of Ghana, Korle-Bu, Accra, Ghana
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, CABNR, University of Nevada, Reno, NV, USA
| | - Abdul R Mohammed
- African Regional Post-Graduate Programme in Insect Science, College of Basic and Applied Science, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Centre for Vector-Borne Diseases Research, University of Ghana Medical School, University of Ghana, Korle-Bu, Accra, Ghana
| | - Christopher M Owusu-Asenso
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Centre for Vector-Borne Diseases Research, University of Ghana Medical School, University of Ghana, Korle-Bu, Accra, Ghana
| | - Sylvester Coleman
- Department of Clinical Microbiology - Vector Biology Laboratory, School of Medicine and Dentistry (SMD)-College of Health Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (KNUST), Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Samuel K Dadzie
- Department of Parasitology, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana
| | - Rosina Kyerematen
- African Regional Post-Graduate Programme in Insect Science, College of Basic and Applied Science, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana
- Department of Animal Biology and Conservation Science, College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana
| | - Daniel A Boakye
- Department of Parasitology, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana
| | - Michael D Wilson
- Department of Parasitology, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana
| | - Yaw A Afrane
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Centre for Vector-Borne Diseases Research, University of Ghana Medical School, University of Ghana, Korle-Bu, Accra, Ghana.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Arora G, Tang X, Cui Y, Yang J, Chuang YM, Joshi J, Sajid A, Dong Y, Cresswell P, Dimopoulos G, Fikrig E. mosGILT controls innate immunity and germ cell development in Anopheles gambiae. BMC Genomics 2024; 25:42. [PMID: 38191283 PMCID: PMC10775533 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-023-09887-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Gene-edited mosquitoes lacking a gamma-interferon-inducible lysosomal thiol reductase-like protein, namely (mosGILTnull) have lower Plasmodium infection, which is linked to impaired ovarian development and immune activation. The transcriptome of mosGILTnull Anopheles gambiae was therefore compared to wild type (WT) mosquitoes by RNA-sequencing to delineate mosGILT-dependent pathways. Compared to WT mosquitoes, mosGILTnull A. gambiae demonstrated altered expression of genes related to oogenesis, 20-hydroxyecdysone synthesis, as well as immune-related genes. Serendipitously, the zero population growth gene, zpg, an essential regulator of germ cell development was found to be one of the most downregulated genes in mosGILTnull mosquitoes. These results provide a crucial missing link between two previous studies on the role of zpg and mosGILT in ovarian development. This study further demonstrates that mosGILT has the potential to serve as a target for the biological control of mosquito vectors and to influence the Plasmodium life cycle within the vector.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gunjan Arora
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, 06520, USA.
| | - Xiaotian Tang
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, 06520, USA
| | - Yingjun Cui
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, 06520, USA
| | - Jing Yang
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, 06520, USA
- Current Affiliation: Cuiying Biomedical Research Center, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730030, China
| | - Yu-Min Chuang
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, 06520, USA
| | - Jayadev Joshi
- Genomic Medicine Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, 44195, USA
| | - Andaleeb Sajid
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, 06520, USA
| | - Yuemei Dong
- W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, 21205, USA
| | - Peter Cresswell
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, 06510, USA
| | - George Dimopoulos
- W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, 21205, USA
| | - Erol Fikrig
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, 06520, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Menezes A, Peixoto M, Silva M, Costa-Bartuli E, Oliveira CL, Walter-Nuno AB, Kistenmacker NDC, Pereira J, Ramos I, Paiva-Silva GO, Atella GC, Zancan P, Sola-Penna M, Gomes FM. Western diet consumption by host vertebrate promotes altered gene expression on Aedes aegypti reducing its lifespan and increasing fertility following blood feeding. Parasit Vectors 2024; 17:12. [PMID: 38184590 PMCID: PMC10770904 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-023-06095-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The high prevalence of metabolic syndrome in low- and middle-income countries is linked to an increase in Western diet consumption, characterized by a high intake of processed foods, which impacts the levels of blood sugar and lipids, hormones, and cytokines. Hematophagous insect vectors, such as the yellow fever mosquito Aedes aegypti, rely on blood meals for reproduction and development and are therefore exposed to the components of blood plasma. However, the impact of the alteration of blood composition due to malnutrition and metabolic conditions on mosquito biology remains understudied. METHODS In this study, we investigated the impact of whole-blood alterations resulting from a Western-type diet on the biology of Ae. aegypti. We kept C57Bl6/J mice on a high-fat, high-sucrose (HFHS) diet for 20 weeks and followed biological parameters, including plasma insulin and lipid levels, insulin tolerance, and weight gain, to validate the development of metabolic syndrome. We further allowed Ae. aegypti mosquitoes to feed on mice and tracked how altered host blood composition modulated parameters of vector capacity. RESULTS Our findings identified that HFHS-fed mice resulted in reduced mosquito longevity and increased fecundity upon mosquito feeding, which correlated with alteration in the gene expression profile of nutrient sensing and physiological and metabolic markers as studied up to several days after blood ingestion. CONCLUSIONS Our study provides new insights into the overall effect of alterations of blood components on mosquito biology and its implications for the transmission of infectious diseases in conditions where the frequency of Western diet-induced metabolic syndromes is becoming more frequent. These findings highlight the importance of addressing metabolic health to further understand the spread of mosquito-borne illnesses in endemic areas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Menezes
- Laboratório de Ultraestrutura Celular Hertha Meyer, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marilia Peixoto
- Laboratório de Ultraestrutura Celular Hertha Meyer, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Melissa Silva
- Laboratório de Ultraestrutura Celular Hertha Meyer, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Emylle Costa-Bartuli
- The Metabolizsm' Group, Departamento de Biotecnologia Farmacêutica, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Cinara Lima Oliveira
- Laboratório de Bioquímica de Lipídeos e Lipoproteínas, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo De Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Ana Beatriz Walter-Nuno
- Laboratório de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular de Artrópodes Hematófagos, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Entomologia Molecular, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Nathan da Cruz Kistenmacker
- Laboratório de Ultraestrutura Celular Hertha Meyer, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Jessica Pereira
- Laboratorio de Ovogênese Molecular de Insetos Vetores, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Isabela Ramos
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Entomologia Molecular, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Laboratorio de Ovogênese Molecular de Insetos Vetores, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Gabriela O Paiva-Silva
- Laboratório de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular de Artrópodes Hematófagos, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Laboratorio de Ovogênese Molecular de Insetos Vetores, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Geórgia C Atella
- Laboratório de Bioquímica de Lipídeos e Lipoproteínas, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo De Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Laboratorio de Ovogênese Molecular de Insetos Vetores, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Patricia Zancan
- The Metabolizsm' Group, Departamento de Biotecnologia Farmacêutica, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Mauro Sola-Penna
- The Metabolizsm' Group, Departamento de Biotecnologia Farmacêutica, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Fabio M Gomes
- Laboratório de Ultraestrutura Celular Hertha Meyer, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
- Laboratorio de Ovogênese Molecular de Insetos Vetores, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Moss S, Pretorius E, Ceesay S, Hutchins H, da Silva ET, Ndiath MO, Jones RT, Vasileva H, Phelan J, Acford-Palmer H, Collins E, Rodrigues A, Krishna S, Clark TG, Last A, Campino S. Genomic surveillance of Anopheles mosquitoes on the Bijagós Archipelago using custom targeted amplicon sequencing identifies mutations associated with insecticide resistance. Parasit Vectors 2024; 17:10. [PMID: 38178249 PMCID: PMC10768400 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-023-06085-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Insecticide resistance is reducing the efficacy of vector control interventions, consequently threatening efforts to control vector-borne diseases, including malaria. Investigating the prevalence of molecular markers of resistance is a useful tool for monitoring the spread of insecticide resistance in disease vectors. The Bijagós Archipelago (Bijagós) in Guinea-Bissau is a region of stable malaria transmission where insecticide-treated nets are the mainstay for malaria control. However, the prevalence of molecular markers of insecticide resistance in malaria vectors is not well understood. METHODS A total of 214 Anopheles mosquitoes were analysed from 13 islands across the Bijagós. These mosquitoes were collected using CDC light traps in November 2019, during the peak malaria transmission season. High-throughput multiplex amplicon sequencing was used to investigate the prevalence of 17 different molecular markers associated with insecticide resistance in four genes: vgsc, rdl, ace1 and gste2. RESULTS Of the 17 screened mutations, four were identified in mosquitoes from the Bijagós: vgsc L995F (12.2%), N1570Y (6.2%) and A1746S (0.7%) and rdl A269G (1.1%). This study is the first to report the L995F knock-down resistance (kdr)-west allele in Anopheles melas on the Archipelago. An additional eight non-synonymous single-nucleotide polymorphisms were identified across the four genes which have not been described previously. The prevalences of the vgsc L995F and N1570Y mutations were higher on Bubaque Island than on the other islands in this study; Bubaque is the most populous island in the archipelago, with the greatest population mobility and connection to continental Guinea-Bissau. CONCLUSIONS This study provides the first surveillance data for genetic markers present in malaria vectors from islands across the Bijagós Archipelago. Overall prevalence of insecticide resistance mutations was found to be low. However, the identification of the vgsc L995F and N1570Y mutations associated with pyrethroid resistance warrants further monitoring. This is particularly important as the mainstay of malaria control on the islands is the use of pyrethroid insecticide-treated nets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Moss
- Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
| | - Elizabeth Pretorius
- Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Sainey Ceesay
- Medical Research Council, The Gambia (MRCG), Fajara, Gambia
| | - Harry Hutchins
- Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Eunice Teixeira da Silva
- Ministério de Saúde Pública, Bissau, Guinea-Bissau
- Projecto de Saúde Bandim, Bissau, Guinea-Bissau
| | | | - Robert T Jones
- Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Hristina Vasileva
- Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Jody Phelan
- Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Holly Acford-Palmer
- Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Emma Collins
- Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | | | - Sanjeev Krishna
- Clinical Academic Group, Institute for Infection and Immunity, St. George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust-St. George's University of London, London, UK
- Centre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné (CERMEL), Lambaréné, Gabon
- Institut Für Tropenmedizin Universitätsklinikum Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Taane G Clark
- Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
- Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Anna Last
- Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Susana Campino
- Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Biedler JK, Aryan A, Qi Y, Wang A, Martinson EO, Hartman DA, Yang F, Sharma A, Morton KS, Potters M, Chen C, Dobson SL, Ebel GD, Kading RC, Paulson S, Xue RD, Strand MR, Tu Z. On the Origin and Evolution of the Mosquito Male-determining Factor Nix. Mol Biol Evol 2024; 41:msad276. [PMID: 38128148 PMCID: PMC10798136 DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msad276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The mosquito family Culicidae is divided into 2 subfamilies named the Culicinae and Anophelinae. Nix, the dominant male-determining factor, has only been found in the culicines Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus, 2 important arboviral vectors that belong to the subgenus Stegomyia. Here we performed sex-specific whole-genome sequencing and RNAseq of divergent mosquito species and explored additional male-inclusive datasets to investigate the distribution of Nix. Except for the Culex genus, Nix homologs were found in all species surveyed from the Culicinae subfamily, including 12 additional species from 3 highly divergent tribes comprising 4 genera, suggesting Nix originated at least 133 to 165 million years ago (MYA). Heterologous expression of 1 of 3 divergent Nix open reading frames (ORFs) in Ae. aegypti resulted in partial masculinization of genetic females as evidenced by morphology and doublesex splicing. Phylogenetic analysis suggests Nix is related to femaleless (fle), a recently described intermediate sex-determining factor found exclusively in anopheline mosquitoes. Nix from all species has a conserved structure, including 3 RNA-recognition motifs (RRMs), as does fle. However, Nix has evolved at a much faster rate than fle. The RRM3 of both Nix and fle are distantly related to the single RRM of a widely distributed and conserved splicing factor transformer-2 (tra2). The RRM3-based phylogenetic analysis suggests this domain in Nix and fle may have evolved from tra2 or a tra2-related gene in a common ancestor of mosquitoes. Our results provide insights into the evolution of sex determination in mosquitoes and will inform broad applications of mosquito-control strategies based on manipulating sex ratios toward nonbiting males.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- James K Biedler
- Department of Biochemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
- Fralin Life Sciences Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Azadeh Aryan
- Department of Biochemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
- Fralin Life Sciences Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Yumin Qi
- Department of Biochemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
- Fralin Life Sciences Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Aihua Wang
- Department of Biochemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
- Fralin Life Sciences Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Ellen O Martinson
- Department of Entomology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Daniel A Hartman
- Center for Vector-borne Infectious Diseases, Department of Microbiology Immunology and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Entomology, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Atashi Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
- Fralin Life Sciences Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Katherine S Morton
- Department of Biochemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
- Fralin Life Sciences Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Mark Potters
- Department of Biochemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
- Fralin Life Sciences Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Chujia Chen
- Fralin Life Sciences Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
- Genetics Bioinformatics and Computational Biology PhD program, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Stephen L Dobson
- Department of Entomology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40503, USA
- MosquitoMate, Inc., Lexington, KY 40502, USA
| | - Gregory D Ebel
- Center for Vector-borne Infectious Diseases, Department of Microbiology Immunology and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Rebekah C Kading
- Center for Vector-borne Infectious Diseases, Department of Microbiology Immunology and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Sally Paulson
- Department of Entomology, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Rui-De Xue
- Anastasia Mosquito Control District, St. Augustine, FL 32092, USA
| | - Michael R Strand
- Department of Entomology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Zhijian Tu
- Department of Biochemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
- Fralin Life Sciences Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
- Genetics Bioinformatics and Computational Biology PhD program, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Yared S, Gebressilasie A, Worku A, Mohammed A, Gunarathna I, Rajamanickam D, Waymire E, Balkew M, Carter TE. Breeding habitats, bionomics and phylogenetic analysis of Aedes aegypti and first detection of Culiseta longiareolata, and Ae. hirsutus in Somali Region, eastern Ethiopia. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0296406. [PMID: 38165914 PMCID: PMC10760653 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0296406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/04/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Arboviral diseases, such as dengue, chikungunya, yellow fever, and Zika, are caused by viruses that are transmitted to humans through mosquito bites. However, the status of arbovirus vectors in eastern Ethiopia is unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate distribution, breeding habitat, bionomics and phylogenetic relationship of Aedes aegypti mosquito species in Somali Regional State, Eastern Ethiopia. METHODS Entomological surveys were conducted in four sites including Jigjiga, Degehabur, Kebridehar and Godey in 2018 (October to December) to study the distribution of Ae. aegypti and with a follow-up collection in 2020 (July-December). In addition, an investigation into the seasonality and bionomics of Ae. aegypti was conducted in 2021 (January-April) in Kebridehar town. Adult mosquitoes were collected from indoor and outdoor locations using CDC light traps (LTs), pyrethrum spray collection (PSCs), and aspirators. Larvae and pupae were also collected from a total of 169 water-holding containers using a dipper between October and November 2020 (rainy season) in Kebridehar town. The species identification of wild caught and reared adults was conducted using a taxonomic key. In addition, species identification using mitochondrial and nuclear genes maximum likelihood-based phylogenetic analysis was performed. RESULTS In the 2018 collection, Ae. aegypti was found in all study sites (Jigjiga, Degahabour, Kebridehar and Godey). In the 2020-2021 collection, a total of 470 (Female = 341, Male = 129) wild caught adult Ae. aegypti mosquitoes were collected, mostly during the rainy season with the highest frequency in November (n = 177) while the lowest abundance was in the dry season (n = 14) for both February and March. The majority of Ae. aegypt were caught using PSC (n = 365) followed by CDC LT (n = 102) and least were collected by aspirator from an animal shelter (n = 3). Aedes aegypti larval density was highest in tires (0.97 larvae per dip) followed by cemented cisterns (0.73 larvae per dip) and the Relative Breeding Index (RBI) was 0.87 and Container Index (CI) was 0.56. Genetic analysis of ITS2 and COI revealed one and 18 haplotypes, respectively and phylogenetic analysis confirmed species identification. The 2022 collection revealed no Ae. aegpti, but two previously uncharacterized species to that region. Phylogenetic analysis of these two species revealed their identities as Ae. hirsutus and Culiseta longiareolata. CONCLUSION Data from our study indicate that, Ae. aegypti is present both during the wet and dry seasons due to the availability of breeding habitats, including water containers like cemented cisterns, tires, barrels, and plastic containers. This study emphasizes the necessity of establishing a national entomological surveillance program for Aedes in Somali region.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Solomon Yared
- Department of Biology, Jigjiga University, Jigjiga, Ethiopia
| | - Araya Gebressilasie
- Department of Zoological Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Amha Worku
- Department of Biology, Jigjiga University, Jigjiga, Ethiopia
| | - Abas Mohammed
- Department of Biology, Jigjiga University, Jigjiga, Ethiopia
| | - Isuru Gunarathna
- Department of Biology, College of Arts and Sciences, Baylor University, Waco, TX, United States of America
| | - Dhivya Rajamanickam
- Department of Biology, College of Arts and Sciences, Baylor University, Waco, TX, United States of America
| | - Elizabeth Waymire
- Department of Biology, College of Arts and Sciences, Baylor University, Waco, TX, United States of America
| | - Meshesha Balkew
- Abt Associates, PMI VectorLink Ethiopia Project, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Tamar E. Carter
- Department of Biology, College of Arts and Sciences, Baylor University, Waco, TX, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Stryapunina I, Itoe MA, Trinh Q, Vidoudez C, Du E, Mendoza L, Hulai O, Kauffman J, Carew J, Shaw WR, Catteruccia F. Precise coordination between nutrient transporters ensures fertility in the malaria mosquito Anopheles gambiae. PLoS Genet 2024; 20:e1011145. [PMID: 38285728 PMCID: PMC10852252 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1011145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Females from many mosquito species feed on blood to acquire nutrients for egg development. The oogenetic cycle has been characterized in the arboviral vector Aedes aegypti, where after a bloodmeal, the lipid transporter lipophorin (Lp) shuttles lipids from the midgut and fat body to the ovaries, and a yolk precursor protein, vitellogenin (Vg), is deposited into the oocyte by receptor-mediated endocytosis. Our understanding of how the roles of these two nutrient transporters are mutually coordinated is however limited in this and other mosquito species. Here, we demonstrate that in the malaria mosquito Anopheles gambiae, Lp and Vg are reciprocally regulated in a timely manner to optimize egg development and ensure fertility. Defective lipid transport via Lp knockdown triggers abortive ovarian follicle development, leading to misregulation of Vg and aberrant yolk granules. Conversely, depletion of Vg causes an upregulation of Lp in the fat body in a manner that appears to be at least partially dependent on target of rapamycin (TOR) signaling, resulting in excess lipid accumulation in the developing follicles. Embryos deposited by Vg-depleted mothers are completely inviable, and are arrested early during development, likely due to severely reduced amino acid levels and protein synthesis. Our findings demonstrate that the mutual regulation of these two nutrient transporters is essential to safeguard fertility by ensuring correct nutrient balance in the developing oocyte, and validate Vg and Lp as two potential candidates for mosquito control.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Iryna Stryapunina
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Maurice A. Itoe
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Queenie Trinh
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Charles Vidoudez
- Harvard Center for Mass Spectrometry, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Esrah Du
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Lydia Mendoza
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Oleksandr Hulai
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Jamie Kauffman
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - John Carew
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - W. Robert Shaw
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Flaminia Catteruccia
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, Maryland, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Zhao M, Ran X, Xing D, Liu W, Ma Z, Liao Y, Zhang Q, Bai Y, Liu L, Chen K, Wu M, Gao J, Zhang H, Zhao T. Population genetics of Aedes albopictus in the port cities of Hainan Island and Leizhou Peninsula, China. Infect Genet Evol 2024; 117:105539. [PMID: 38104852 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2023.105539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aedes albopictus is an important vector of arboviral diseases, transmitting yellow fever, dengue fever, chikungunya and Zika. Monitoring its population genetic diversity and genetic differentiation has become essential for the control of infectious disease epidemics, especially in the functional areas of ports of entry. Population genetic monitoring of Ae. albopictus in the port area can help in the monitoring of port mosquito invasions and establishing port sanitary and quarantine measures to prevent the introduction and transmission of vector-borne diseases. METHODS Seventeen populations of Ae. albopictus were collected from five port cities on Hainan Island and the Leizhou Peninsula, 8 populations were collected from port areas, 4 from urban areas and 5 from rural areas. Nine microsatellite loci and the mitochondrial COI gene were used to study the population genetic diversity, population genetic structure and interpopulation gene flow of Ae. albopictus. RESULTS The nine microsatellite loci used were highly polymorphic, with an average PIC value of 0.768. The UPGMA genetic tree, STRUCTURE barplot and PCoA analyses showed that the 17 Ae. albopictus populations could be divided into three genetic groups. All 17 populations showed high haplotype diversity (Hd = 0.8069-0.9678) and formed 133 distinct haplotypes. These haplotypes can be divided into four genetic clades, but they are not associated with the geographical distribution of Ae. albopictus. Fst and Nm showed strong gene flow and little differentiation among populations. CONCLUSION Ae. albopictus in port areas are not significantly different from urban and rural populations due to strong gene flow, which prevents differentiation and increases the genetic diversity of the populations. High genetic diversity facilitates mosquito adaptation to complex environmental changes, which is a challenge for vector-borne disease control in port areas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Minghui Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100071, China; Jiangxi International Travel Healthcare Center, Nanchang 330002, China
| | - Xin Ran
- Jiangxi Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanchang 330002, China
| | - Dan Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Jiangxi International Travel Healthcare Center, Nanchang 330002, China
| | - Zu Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Yun Liao
- Jiangxi International Travel Healthcare Center, Nanchang 330002, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Jiangxi International Travel Healthcare Center, Nanchang 330002, China
| | - Yu Bai
- Jiangxi International Travel Healthcare Center, Nanchang 330002, China
| | - Lan Liu
- Jiangxi International Travel Healthcare Center, Nanchang 330002, China
| | - Kan Chen
- Jiangxi International Travel Healthcare Center, Nanchang 330002, China
| | - Mingyu Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Jian Gao
- Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - Hengduan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100071, China.
| | - Tongyan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100071, China.
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Penilla-Navarro P, Solis-Santoyo F, Lopez-Solis A, Rodriguez AD, Vera-Maloof F, Lozano S, Contreras-Mejía E, Vázquez-Samayoa G, Torreblanca-Lopez R, Perera R, Black IV WC, Saavedra-Rodriguez K. Pyrethroid susceptibility reversal in Aedes aegypti: A longitudinal study in Tapachula, Mexico. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2024; 18:e0011369. [PMID: 38166129 PMCID: PMC10786364 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0011369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Pyrethroid resistance in Aedes aegypti has become widespread after almost two decades of frequent applications to reduce the transmission of mosquito-borne diseases. Because few insecticide classes are available for public health use, insecticide resistance management (IRM) is proposed as a strategy to retain their use. A key hypothesis of IRM assumes that negative fitness is associated with resistance, and when insecticides are removed from use, susceptibility is restored. In Tapachula, Mexico, pyrethroids (PYRs) were used exclusively by dengue control programs for 15 years, thereby contributing to selection for high PYR resistance in mosquitoes and failure in dengue control. In 2013, PYRs were replaced by organophosphates-insecticides from a class with a different mode of action. To test the hypothesis that PYR resistance is reversed in the absence of PYRs, we monitored Ae. aegypti's PYR resistance from 2016 to 2021 in Tapachula. We observed significant declining rates in the lethal concentration 50 (LC50), for permethrin and deltamethrin. For each month following the discontinuation of PYR use by vector control programs, we observed increases in the odds of mosquitoes dying by 1.5% and 8.4% for permethrin and deltamethrin, respectively. Also, knockdown-resistance mutations (kdr) in the voltage-gated sodium channel explained the variation in the permethrin LC50s, whereas variation in the deltamethrin LC50s was only explained by time. This trend was rapidly offset by application of a mixture of neonicotinoid and PYRs by vector control programs. Our results suggest that IRM strategies can be used to reverse PYR resistance in Ae. aegypti; however, long-term commitment by operational and community programs will be required for success.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Penilla-Navarro
- Centro Regional de Investigación en Salud Pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Tapachula, Chiapas, México
| | - Francisco Solis-Santoyo
- Centro Regional de Investigación en Salud Pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Tapachula, Chiapas, México
| | - Alma Lopez-Solis
- Centro Regional de Investigación en Salud Pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Tapachula, Chiapas, México
| | - Americo D. Rodriguez
- Centro Regional de Investigación en Salud Pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Tapachula, Chiapas, México
| | - Farah Vera-Maloof
- Centro Regional de Investigación en Salud Pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Tapachula, Chiapas, México
| | - Saul Lozano
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Arboviral Diseases Branch, Fort Collins, Colorado
| | - Elsa Contreras-Mejía
- Jurisdiccion Sanitaria VII, Tapachula Chiapas, Antiguo Hospital General de Tapachula, Tapachula, Chiapas, Mexico
| | - Geovanni Vázquez-Samayoa
- Jurisdiccion Sanitaria VII, Tapachula Chiapas, Antiguo Hospital General de Tapachula, Tapachula, Chiapas, Mexico
| | - Rene Torreblanca-Lopez
- Jurisdiccion Sanitaria VII, Tapachula Chiapas, Antiguo Hospital General de Tapachula, Tapachula, Chiapas, Mexico
| | - Rushika Perera
- Center for Vector-Borne Infectious Diseases, Colorado State University, 1685 Campus Delivery, Fort Collins, Colorado
| | - William C. Black IV
- Center for Vector-Borne Infectious Diseases, Colorado State University, 1685 Campus Delivery, Fort Collins, Colorado
| | - Karla Saavedra-Rodriguez
- Center for Vector-Borne Infectious Diseases, Colorado State University, 1685 Campus Delivery, Fort Collins, Colorado
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Weng SC, Masri RA, Akbari OS. Advances and challenges in synthetic biology for mosquito control. Trends Parasitol 2024; 40:75-88. [PMID: 38000957 DOI: 10.1016/j.pt.2023.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Mosquito-borne illnesses represent a significant global health peril, resulting in approximately one million fatalities annually. West Nile, dengue, Zika, and malaria are continuously expanding their global reach, driven by factors that escalate mosquito populations and pathogen transmission. Innovative control measures are imperative to combat these catastrophic ailments. Conventional approaches, such as eliminating breeding sites and using insecticides, have been helpful, but they face challenges such as insecticide resistance and environmental harm. Given the mounting severity of mosquito-borne diseases, there is promise in exploring innovative approaches using synthetic biology to bolster mosquitoes' resistance to pathogens, or even eliminate the mosquito vectors, as a means of control. This review outlines current strategies, future goals, and the importance of gene editing for global health defenses against mosquito-borne diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Che Weng
- School of Biological Sciences, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Reem A Masri
- School of Biological Sciences, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Omar S Akbari
- School of Biological Sciences, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
| |
Collapse
|