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Vieira FM, Pereira FB, Ribeiro LB, Oliveira JB, Silva DCN, Muniz-Pereira LC, Felix-Nascimento G. Oswaldocruzia franciscoensis n. sp. (Nematoda: Molineidae) in Leptodactylus macrosternum Miranda-Ribeiro, 1926 (Anura: Leptodactylidae) from Caatinga morphoclimatic domain, Brazil: morphological and molecular characterisation. J Helminthol 2023; 97:e104. [PMID: 38148677 DOI: 10.1017/s0022149x23000858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
A new species of Oswaldocruzia Travassos, 1917 (Nematoda, Molineidae), parasite of Leptodactylus macrosternum Miranda-Ribeiro, 1926 (Anura: Leptodactylidae), from Caatinga morphoclimatic domain, Brazil, is described based on morphological and molecular data. Oswaldocruzia franciscoensis n. sp. is characterised by an anterior extremity with a cephalic vesicle divided into two portions, a body covered by cuticular longitudinal ridges, and cervical alae. Males of the new species have caudal bursa of type I with a 2-1-2 pattern, spicules divided into a shoe, bifurcated fork, and blade with two unequal branches, in which the longer branch bifurcates at its distal portion end and the smaller branch with three distal processes, each with distal bifurcations. Females have didelphic and amphidelphic uteri, an ovijector divided into vestibule, anterior and posterior sphincters, and anterior and posterior infundibula. The new species differs from its Neotropical congeners that have caudal bursa of type I, based on the presence of cervical alae and by having a spicular blade distally divided into two unequal branches, with the longer branch bifurcating at its distal portion and smaller branch with three distal processes, each distally bifurcated. The partial 18S rDNA sequence generated for Oswaldocruzia franciscoensis n. sp. is the first of a representative belonging to this genus in the Neotropical region.
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Affiliation(s)
- F M Vieira
- Campus de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco (UNIVASF), Rodovia BR-407, KM 12 Lote 543 S/n Projeto de Irrigação Nilo Coelho, Petrolina, 56300-000, Brazil
| | - F B Pereira
- Departamento de Parasitologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Bloco L4 sala 252, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, MG31270-901, Brazil
| | - L B Ribeiro
- Campus de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco (UNIVASF), Rodovia BR-407, KM 12 Lote 543 S/n Projeto de Irrigação Nilo Coelho, Petrolina, 56300-000, Brazil
| | - J B Oliveira
- Laboratório de Parasitologia, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco (UFRPE), Rua Dom Manoel de Medeiros s/nº, Recife CEP 52051-360, Brazil
| | - D C N Silva
- Campus de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco (UNIVASF), Rodovia BR-407, KM 12 Lote 543 S/n Projeto de Irrigação Nilo Coelho, Petrolina, 56300-000, Brazil
| | - L C Muniz-Pereira
- Laboratório de Helmintos Parasitos de Vertebrados, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ. Av. Brasil 4365, Rio de Janeiro CEP 21040-900, Brazil
| | - G Felix-Nascimento
- Campus de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco (UNIVASF), Rodovia BR-407, KM 12 Lote 543 S/n Projeto de Irrigação Nilo Coelho, Petrolina, 56300-000, Brazil
- Laboratório de Anatomia dos Animais Domésticos e Silvestres (LAADS), Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco (UNIVASF), Rodovia BR-407, Km. 12 Lote 543 s/n Projeto de Irrigação Nilo Coelho, Petrolina, Pernambuco56300-000, Brazil
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Pool R, Shiozaki A, Raga JA, Fernández M, Aznar FJ. Molecular phylogeny of the Pseudaliidae (Nematoda) and the origin of associations between lungworms and marine mammals. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR PARASITOLOGY: PARASITES AND WILDLIFE 2023; 20:192-202. [PMID: 36969083 PMCID: PMC10034209 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijppaw.2023.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
Metastrongyloid lungworms from the family Pseudaliidae infect the lungs and cranial sinuses of cetaceans worldwide, except Stenuroides herpestis, which exhibits a striking terrestrial association with the Egyptian mongoose, Herpestes ichneumon. Previous phylogenies of the Metastrongyloidea that included some (2-7) marine species of the Pseudaliidae confirmed that these species are closely related, but also grouped species of Parafilaroides (family Filaroididae) between the members of the Pseudaliidae. In this study we extracted DNA from representatives of all six genera of the Pseudaliidae and amplified the second internal transcribed spacer (ITS2) and cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (cox1) genes in order to investigate the concept of the Pseudaliidae as a monophyletic unit. Three species of Parafilaroides were also included in the analysis. Maximum Likelihood and Bayesian Inference analyses of the concatenated genes resulted in a well-supported clade including the marine pseudaliids, S. herpestis and Parafilaroides spp. These findings validate the status of S. herpestis as a pseudaliid species and support the inclusion of Parafilaroides in the Pseudaliidae. Although males of Parafilaroides spp. lack a copulatory bursa, this trait itself is highly variable in the Pseudaliidae, which include abursate species. Furthermore, life cycles seem to be closely similar between both taxa. When all the available phylogenetic data on the Metastrongyloidea were mapped of onto a phylogeny of the Laurasiatheria, there was a strong suggestion that the Pseudaliidae may have descended from ancestors infecting terrestrial carnivores, with odontocetes being colonized in the marine realm as a result of a host-switching event from pinnipeds through shared fish prey. The origin of the association between S. herpestis and mongooses remains uncertain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Pool
- Marine Zoology Unit, Cavanilles Institute of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology, Science Park, University of Valencia, Calle Catedrático José Beltrán 2, 46980 Paterna, Spain
- Corresponding author.
| | - Akira Shiozaki
- Marine Mammal Research Laboratory, Graduate School of Fisheries Science and Environmental Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki, 852-8521, Japan
| | - Juan Antonio Raga
- Marine Zoology Unit, Cavanilles Institute of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology, Science Park, University of Valencia, Calle Catedrático José Beltrán 2, 46980 Paterna, Spain
| | - Mercedes Fernández
- Marine Zoology Unit, Cavanilles Institute of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology, Science Park, University of Valencia, Calle Catedrático José Beltrán 2, 46980 Paterna, Spain
| | - Francisco Javier Aznar
- Marine Zoology Unit, Cavanilles Institute of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology, Science Park, University of Valencia, Calle Catedrático José Beltrán 2, 46980 Paterna, Spain
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