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A phosphoproteomics study reveals a defined genetic program for neural lineage commitment of neural stem cells induced by olfactory ensheathing cell-conditioned medium. Pharmacol Res 2021; 172:105797. [PMID: 34352399 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Since both Olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs) and neural stem cells (NSCs) have shown certain efficacy in the cellular therapy of nerve injury and disease, there have been a series of investigations in recent years looking at the co-culture of NSCs and OECs. Protein phosphorylation forms the basis for identifying a variety of cellular signaling pathways responsible for regulating the self-renewal and differentiation of NSCs induced by OECs. To better understand the signaling cascades in the early phases of OEC-induced NSC differentiation, changes in the NSC proteome and phosphoproteome during the first 24 h were determined using dimethyl labeling and TiO2 phosphorylation enrichment coupled with Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). A total of 565 proteins and 2511 phosphorylation sites were identified. According to quantitative phosphoproteomics analyses of NSC differentiation induced by OECs during the first 12 and 24 h, it was speculated that there were at least two different signal waves: one peaking within 12 h after stimulation and the second upsurge after 24 h. In addition to understanding the dynamics of the proteome and phosphoproteome in the early stages of NSC differentiation, our analyses identified a key role of the TGF-β3 protein secreted by OECs, which may be an initiating factor that promotes differentiation of NSCs into neurons induced by OECs. These findings not only redemonstrated a OECs-based therapeutic strategy in cell therapy, but also added a node to the regulatory network for the neural lineage commitment of NSCs induced by OECs.
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Płódowska M, Lopez-Riego M, Akuwudike P, Sobota D, Filipek M, Kłosowski M, Kaźmierczak U, Brzozowska B, Baliga A, Lisowska H, Braziewicz J, Olko P, Lundholm L, Wojcik A. Small is beautiful: low activity alpha and gamma sources for small-scale radiation protection research experiments. Int J Radiat Biol 2021; 97:541-552. [PMID: 33395328 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2021.1867925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Uncertainties regarding the magnitude of health effects following exposure to low doses of ionizing radiation remain a matter of concern both for professionals and for the public. There is consensus within the international radiation research community that more research is required on biological effects of radiation doses below 100 mGy applied at low dose rates. Moreover, there is a demand for increasing education and training of future radiation researchers and regulators. Research, education and training is primarily carried out at universities but university-based radiation research is often hampered by limited access to radiation sources. The aim of the present report is to describe small and cost-effective low activity gamma and alpha sources that can easily be installed and used in university laboratories. METHODS AND RESULTS A gamma radiation source was made from an euxenite-(Y) rock (Y,Ca,Ce,U,Th)(Nb,Ta,Ti)2O6) that was found in an abandoned mine in Sweden. It allows exposing cells grown in culture dishes to radiation at a dose rate of 50 µGy/h and lower. Three alpha sources were custom-made and yield a dose rate of 1 mGy/h each. The construction, dosimetry and cellular effects of the sources are described. CONCLUSIONS We hope that the report will stimulate research and training activities in the low dose field by facilitating access to radiation sources.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Milagrosa Lopez-Riego
- Centre for Radiation Protection Research, Department of Molecular Biosciences, the Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Pamela Akuwudike
- Centre for Radiation Protection Research, Department of Molecular Biosciences, the Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Daniel Sobota
- Institute of Physics, Jan Kochanowski University, Kielce, Poland
| | - Mateusz Filipek
- Institute of Experimental Physics, University of Warsaw, Warszawa, Poland
- Heavy Ion Laboratory, University of Warsaw, Warszawa, Poland
| | - Mariusz Kłosowski
- Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
| | | | - Beata Brzozowska
- Institute of Experimental Physics, University of Warsaw, Warszawa, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Baliga
- Institute of Biology, Jan Kochanowski University, Kielce, Poland
| | - Halina Lisowska
- Institute of Biology, Jan Kochanowski University, Kielce, Poland
| | | | - Paweł Olko
- Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
| | - Lovisa Lundholm
- Centre for Radiation Protection Research, Department of Molecular Biosciences, the Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Andrzej Wojcik
- Institute of Biology, Jan Kochanowski University, Kielce, Poland
- Centre for Radiation Protection Research, Department of Molecular Biosciences, the Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
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3
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Konkova M, Abramova M, Kalianov A, Ershova E, Dolgikh O, Umriukhin P, Izhevskaya V, Kutsev S, Veiko N, Kostyuk S. Mesenchymal Stem Cells Early Response to Low-Dose Ionizing Radiation. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 8:584497. [PMID: 33381502 PMCID: PMC7767887 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.584497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are applied as the therapeutic agents, e.g., in the tumor radiation therapy. Purpose of the Study To evaluate the human adipose MSC early response to low-dose ionizing radiation (LDIR). Materials and Methods We investigated different LDIR (3, 10, and 50 cGy) effects on reactive oxygen species production, DNA oxidation (marker 8-oxodG), and DNA breaks (marker ɣ H2AX) in the two lines of human adipose MSC. Using reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction, fluorescence-activated cell sorting, and fluorescence microscopy, we determined expression of genes involved in the oxidative stress development (NOX4), antioxidative response (NRF2), antiapoptotic and proapoptotic response (BCL2, BCL2A1, BCL2L1, BIRC2, BIRC3, and BAX1), in the development of the nuclear DNA damage response (DDR) (BRCA1, BRCA2, ATM, and P53). Cell cycle changes were investigated by genes transcription changes (CCND1, CDKN2A, and CDKN1A) and using proliferation markers KI-67 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA). Results Fifteen to 120 min after exposure to LDIR in MSCs, transient oxidative stress and apoptosis of the most damaged cells against the background of the cell cycle arrest were induced. Simultaneously, DDR and an antiapoptotic response were found in other cells of the population. The 10-cGy dose causes the strongest and fastest DDR following cell nuclei DNA damage. The 3-cGy dose induces a less noticeable and prolonged response. The maximal low range dose, 50 cGy, causes a damaging effect on the MSCs. Conclusion Transient oxidative stress and the death of a small fraction of the damaged cells are essential components of the MSC population response to LDIR along with the development of DDR and antiapoptotic response. A scheme describing the early MSC response to LDIR is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Konkova
- Department of Molecular Biology, Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Moscow, Russia
| | - Margarita Abramova
- Department of Molecular Biology, Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Moscow, Russia
| | - Andrey Kalianov
- Department of Molecular Biology, Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Moscow, Russia
| | - Elizaveta Ershova
- Department of Molecular Biology, Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Moscow, Russia.,I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Department of Normal Physiology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Olga Dolgikh
- Department of Molecular Biology, Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Moscow, Russia
| | - Pavel Umriukhin
- Department of Molecular Biology, Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Moscow, Russia.,I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Department of Normal Physiology, Moscow, Russia.,P.K. Anokhin Institute of Normal Physiology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Vera Izhevskaya
- Department of Molecular Biology, Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Moscow, Russia
| | - Sergey Kutsev
- Department of Molecular Biology, Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Moscow, Russia
| | - Natalia Veiko
- Department of Molecular Biology, Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Moscow, Russia
| | - Svetlana Kostyuk
- Department of Molecular Biology, Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Moscow, Russia.,I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Department of Normal Physiology, Moscow, Russia
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4
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Klatt A, Salzmann E, Schneider LJ, Reifschneider A, Korneck M, Hermle P, Bürkle A, Stoll D, Kadereit S. Toxicity of ionizing radiation (IR) in a human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived 3D early neurodevelopmental model. Arch Toxicol 2019; 93:2879-2893. [DOI: 10.1007/s00204-019-02553-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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5
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Oxidized Cell-Free DNA Is a Factor of Stress Signaling in Radiation-Induced Bystander Effects in Different Types of Human Cells. Int J Genomics 2019; 2019:9467029. [PMID: 31531341 PMCID: PMC6721096 DOI: 10.1155/2019/9467029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2018] [Revised: 04/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In pathology or under damaging conditions, the properties of cell-free DNA (cfDNA) change. An example of such change is GC enrichment, which drastically alters the biological properties of cfDNA. GC-rich cfDNA is a factor of stress signaling, whereas genomic cfDNA is biologically inactive. GC-rich cfDNA stimulates TLR9-MyD88-NF-κB signaling cascade, leading to an increase in proinflammatory cytokine levels in the organism. In addition, GC-rich DNA is prone to oxidation and oxidized cfDNA can stimulate secondary oxidative stress. This article is a review of works dedicated to the investigation of a low-dose ionizing radiation effect, a bystander effect, and the role of cfDNA in both of these processes.
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Hanu C, Loeliger BW, Panyutin IV, Maass-Moreno R, Wakim P, Pritchard WF, Neumann RD, Panyutin IG. Effect of Ionizing Radiation from Computed Tomography on Differentiation of Human Embryonic Stem Cells into Neural Precursors. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20163900. [PMID: 31405104 PMCID: PMC6720494 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20163900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Revised: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
We studied the effect of radiation from computed tomography (CT) scans on differentiation of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) into neuronal lineage. hESCs were divided into three radiation exposure groups: 0-dose, low-dose, or high-dose exposure. Low dose was accomplished with a single 15 mGy CT dose index (CTDI) CT scan that approximated the dose for abdominal/pelvic CT examinations in adults while the high dose was achieved with several consecutive CT scans yielding a cumulative dose of 500 mGy CTDI. The neural induction was characterized by immunocytochemistry. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and Western blots were used to measure expression of the neuronal markers PAX6 and NES and pluripotency marker OCT4. We did not find any visible morphological differences between neural precursors from irradiated and non-irradiated cells. However, quantitative analyses of neuronal markers showed that PAX6 expression was reduced following exposure to the high dose compared to 0-dose controls, while no such decrease in PAX6 expression was observed following exposure to the low dose. Similarly, a statistically significant reduction in expression of NES was observed following high-dose exposure, while after low-dose exposure, a modest but statistically significant reduction in NES expression was only observed on Day 8 of differentiation. Further studies are warranted to elucidate how lower or delayed expression of PAX6 and NES can impact human fetal brain development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Hanu
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Clinical Center, NIH, 10 Center Dr., Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Burk W Loeliger
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Clinical Center, NIH, 10 Center Dr., Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Irina V Panyutin
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Clinical Center, NIH, 10 Center Dr., Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Roberto Maass-Moreno
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Clinical Center, NIH, 10 Center Dr., Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Paul Wakim
- Biostatistics and Clinical Epidemiology Service, Clinical Center, NIH, 10 Center Dr., Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - William F Pritchard
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Clinical Center, NIH, 10 Center Dr., Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Ronald D Neumann
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Clinical Center, NIH, 10 Center Dr., Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Igor G Panyutin
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Clinical Center, NIH, 10 Center Dr., Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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7
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Wilke C, Grosshans D, Duman J, Brown P, Li J. Radiation-induced cognitive toxicity: pathophysiology and interventions to reduce toxicity in adults. Neuro Oncol 2019; 20:597-607. [PMID: 29045710 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nox195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiotherapy is ubiquitous in the treatment of patients with both primary brain tumors as well as disease which is metastatic to the brain. This therapy is not without cost, however, as cognitive decline is frequently associated with cranial radiation, particularly with whole brain radiotherapy (WBRT). The precise mechanisms responsible for radiation-induced morbidity remain incompletely understood and continue to be an active area of ongoing research. In this article, we review the hypothetical means by which cranial radiation induces cognitive decline as well as potential therapeutic approaches to prevent, minimize, or reverse treatment-induced cognitive deterioration. We additionally review advances in imaging modalities that can potentially be used to identify site-specific radiation-induced anatomic or functional changes in the brain and their correlation with clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Wilke
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (C.W., D.G., J.L.); Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas (J.D.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (P.B.)
| | - David Grosshans
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (C.W., D.G., J.L.); Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas (J.D.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (P.B.)
| | - Joseph Duman
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (C.W., D.G., J.L.); Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas (J.D.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (P.B.)
| | - Paul Brown
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (C.W., D.G., J.L.); Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas (J.D.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (P.B.)
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (C.W., D.G., J.L.); Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas (J.D.); Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (P.B.)
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8
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Squillaro T, Galano G, De Rosa R, Peluso G, Galderisi U. Concise Review: The Effect of Low-Dose Ionizing Radiation on Stem Cell Biology: A Contribution to Radiation Risk. Stem Cells 2018; 36:1146-1153. [DOI: 10.1002/stem.2836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2018] [Revised: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 04/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tiziana Squillaro
- Department of Experimental Medicine; Campania University “Luigi Vanvitelli,”; Naples Italy
| | | | | | - Gianfranco Peluso
- Institute of Agro-Environmental and Forest Biology, CNR; Naples Italy
| | - Umberto Galderisi
- Department of Experimental Medicine; Campania University “Luigi Vanvitelli,”; Naples Italy
- Institute of Agro-Environmental and Forest Biology, CNR; Naples Italy
- Genome and Stem Cell Center (GENKOK), Erciyes University; Kayseri Turkey
- Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biotechnology, Temple University; Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA
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9
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Shinsuke K, Junya K, Tomonobu U, Yoshiko K, Izumo N, Takahiko S. Chronic irradiation with low-dose-rate 137Cs-γ rays inhibits NGF-induced neurite extension of PC12 cells via Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent kinase II activation. JOURNAL OF RADIATION RESEARCH 2017; 58:809-815. [PMID: 29106600 PMCID: PMC5710646 DOI: 10.1093/jrr/rrx032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2016] [Revised: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Chronic irradiation with low-dose-rate 137Cs-γ rays inhibits the differentiation of human neural progenitor cells and influences the expression of proteins associated with several cellular functions. We aimed to determine whether such chronic irradiation influences the expression of proteins associated with PC12 cells. Chronic irradiation at 0.027 mGy/min resulted in inhibition of NGF-induced neurite extension. Furthermore, irradiation enhanced the nerve growth factor (NGF)-induced increase in the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), but did not affect the phosphorylation of NGF receptors, suggesting that irradiation influences pathways unassociated with the activation of ERK. We then examined whether irradiation influenced the Akt-Rac1 pathway, which is unaffected by ERK activation. Chronic irradiation also enhanced the NGF-induced increase in Akt phosphorylation, but markedly inhibited the NGF-induced increase in Rac1 activity that is associated with neurite extension. These results suggest that the inhibitory effect of irradiation on neurite extension influences pathways unassociated with Akt activation. As Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent kinase II (CaMKII) is known to inhibit the NGF-induced neurite extension in PC12 cells, independent of ERK and Akt activation, we next examined the effects of irradiation on CaMKII activation. Chronic irradiation induced CaMKII activation, while application of KN-62 (a specific inhibitor of CaMKII), attenuated increases in CaMKII activation and recovered neurite extension and NGF-induced increases in Rac1 activity that was inhibited by irradiation. Our results suggest that chronic irradiation with low-dose-rate γ-rays inhibits Rac1 activity via CaMKII activation, thereby inhibiting NGF-induced neurite extension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katoh Shinsuke
- Research Center for Radiation Science, Yokohama University of Pharmacy, 601 Matano-cho, Totsuka-ku, Yokohama 245-0066, Japan
| | - Kobayashi Junya
- Radiation Biology Center, Kyoto University, Yoshidakonoe-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Umeda Tomonobu
- Research Center for Radiation Science, Yokohama University of Pharmacy, 601 Matano-cho, Totsuka-ku, Yokohama 245-0066, Japan
| | - Kobayashi Yoshiko
- Research Center for Radiation Science, Yokohama University of Pharmacy, 601 Matano-cho, Totsuka-ku, Yokohama 245-0066, Japan
| | - Nobuo Izumo
- General Health Medical Center, Yokohama University of Pharmacy, 601 Matano-cho, Totsuka-ku, Yokohama 245-0066, Japan
| | - Suzuki Takahiko
- Clinical Radiology, Faculty of Medical Technology, Teikyo University, 2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi 173-8605, Japan
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Schmidt BZ, Lehmann M, Gutbier S, Nembo E, Noel S, Smirnova L, Forsby A, Hescheler J, Avci HX, Hartung T, Leist M, Kobolák J, Dinnyés A. In vitro acute and developmental neurotoxicity screening: an overview of cellular platforms and high-throughput technical possibilities. Arch Toxicol 2016; 91:1-33. [PMID: 27492622 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-016-1805-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2016] [Accepted: 07/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Neurotoxicity and developmental neurotoxicity are important issues of chemical hazard assessment. Since the interpretation of animal data and their extrapolation to man is challenging, and the amount of substances with information gaps exceeds present animal testing capacities, there is a big demand for in vitro tests to provide initial information and to prioritize for further evaluation. During the last decade, many in vitro tests emerged. These are based on animal cells, human tumour cell lines, primary cells, immortalized cell lines, embryonic stem cells, or induced pluripotent stem cells. They differ in their read-outs and range from simple viability assays to complex functional endpoints such as neural crest cell migration. Monitoring of toxicological effects on differentiation often requires multiomics approaches, while the acute disturbance of neuronal functions may be analysed by assessing electrophysiological features. Extrapolation from in vitro data to humans requires a deep understanding of the test system biology, of the endpoints used, and of the applicability domains of the tests. Moreover, it is important that these be combined in the right way to assess toxicity. Therefore, knowledge on the advantages and disadvantages of all cellular platforms, endpoints, and analytical methods is essential when establishing in vitro test systems for different aspects of neurotoxicity. The elements of a test, and their evaluation, are discussed here in the context of comprehensive prediction of potential hazardous effects of a compound. We summarize the main cellular characteristics underlying neurotoxicity, present an overview of cellular platforms and read-out combinations assessing distinct parts of acute and developmental neurotoxicology, and highlight especially the use of stem cell-based test systems to close gaps in the available battery of tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Béla Z Schmidt
- BioTalentum Ltd., Gödöllő, Hungary.,Stem Cell Biology and Embryology Unit, Department of Development and Regeneration, Stem Cell Institute Leuven, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Martin Lehmann
- BioTalentum Ltd., Gödöllő, Hungary.,Institute of Neurophysiology and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Simon Gutbier
- Doerenkamp-Zbinden Chair for In Vitro Toxicology and Biomedicine, University of Konstanz, Constance, Germany
| | - Erastus Nembo
- BioTalentum Ltd., Gödöllő, Hungary.,Institute of Neurophysiology and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Sabrina Noel
- Louvain Centre for Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Lena Smirnova
- Center for Alternatives to Animal Testing, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Anna Forsby
- Swedish Toxicology Research Center (Swetox), Södertälje, Sweden.,Department of Neurochemistry, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jürgen Hescheler
- Institute of Neurophysiology and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Hasan X Avci
- BioTalentum Ltd., Gödöllő, Hungary.,Department of Medical Chemistry, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Thomas Hartung
- Center for Alternatives to Animal Testing, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Marcel Leist
- Doerenkamp-Zbinden Chair for In Vitro Toxicology and Biomedicine, University of Konstanz, Constance, Germany
| | | | - András Dinnyés
- BioTalentum Ltd., Gödöllő, Hungary. .,Molecular Animal Biotechnology Laboratory, Szent István University, Gödöllő, 2100, Hungary.
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11
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Hauptmann M, Haghdoost S, Gomolka M, Sarioglu H, Ueffing M, Dietz A, Kulka U, Unger K, Babini G, Harms-Ringdahl M, Ottolenghi A, Hornhardt S. Differential Response and Priming Dose Effect on the Proteome of Human Fibroblast and Stem Cells Induced by Exposure to Low Doses of Ionizing Radiation. Radiat Res 2016; 185:299-312. [PMID: 26934482 DOI: 10.1667/rr14226.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
It has been suggested that a mechanistic understanding of the cellular responses to low dose and dose rate may be valuable in reducing some of the uncertainties involved in current risk estimates for cancer- and non-cancer-related radiation effects that are inherited in the linear no-threshold hypothesis. In this study, the effects of low-dose radiation on the proteome in both human fibroblasts and stem cells were investigated. Particular emphasis was placed on examining: 1. the dose-response relationships for the differential expression of proteins in the low-dose range (40-140 mGy) of low-linear energy transfer (LET) radiation; and 2. the effect on differential expression of proteins of a priming dose given prior to a challenge dose (adaptive response effects). These studies were performed on cultured human fibroblasts (VH10) and human adipose-derived stem cells (ADSC). The results from the VH10 cell experiments demonstrated that low-doses of low-LET radiation induced unique patterns of differentially expressed proteins for each dose investigated. In addition, a low priming radiation dose significantly changed the protein expression induced by the subsequent challenge exposure. In the ADSC the number of differentially expressed proteins was markedly less compared to VH10 cells, indicating that ADSC differ in their intrinsic response to low doses of radiation. The proteomic results are further discussed in terms of possible pathways influenced by low-dose irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Hauptmann
- a Federal Office for Radiation Protection, Department SG Radiation Protection and Health, Oberschleissheim, Germany
| | - Siamak Haghdoost
- c Center for Radiation Protection Research, Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Maria Gomolka
- a Federal Office for Radiation Protection, Department SG Radiation Protection and Health, Oberschleissheim, Germany
| | - Hakan Sarioglu
- b Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Department of Protein Science, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Marius Ueffing
- b Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Department of Protein Science, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Anne Dietz
- a Federal Office for Radiation Protection, Department SG Radiation Protection and Health, Oberschleissheim, Germany
| | - Ulrike Kulka
- a Federal Office for Radiation Protection, Department SG Radiation Protection and Health, Oberschleissheim, Germany
| | - Kristian Unger
- d Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Department of Radiation Cytogenetics, Neuherberg, Germany; and
| | | | - Mats Harms-Ringdahl
- c Center for Radiation Protection Research, Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Sabine Hornhardt
- a Federal Office for Radiation Protection, Department SG Radiation Protection and Health, Oberschleissheim, Germany
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12
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Dynamic changes in the proteome of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells with low dose ionizing radiation. MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2016; 797:9-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2016.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2015] [Revised: 12/30/2015] [Accepted: 01/05/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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13
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Kavanagh JN, Waring EJ, Prise KM. Radiation responses of stem cells: targeted and non-targeted effects. RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY 2015; 166:110-117. [PMID: 25877536 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncv161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Stem cells are fundamental to the development of any tissue or organism via their ability to self-renew, which is aided by their unlimited proliferative capacity and their ability to produce fully differentiated offspring, often from multiple lineages. Stems cells are long lived and have the potential to accumulate mutations, including in response to radiation exposure. It is thought that stem cells have the potential to be induced into a cancer stem cell phenotype and that these may play an important role in resistance to radiotherapy. For radiation-induced carcinogenesis, the role of targeted and non-targeted effects is unclear with tissue or origin being important. Studies of genomic instability and bystander responses have shown consistent effects in haematopoietic models. Several models of radiation have predicted that stem cells play an important role in tumour initiation and that bystander responses could play a role in proliferation and self-renewal.
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Affiliation(s)
- J N Kavanagh
- Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7AE, UK
| | - E J Waring
- Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7AE, UK
| | - K M Prise
- Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7AE, UK
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Bryukhovetskiy A, Shevchenko V, Kovalev S, Chekhonin V, Baklaushev V, Bryukhovetskiy I, Zhukova M. To the novel paradigm of proteome-based cell therapy of tumors: through comparative proteome mapping of tumor stem cells and tissue-specific stem cells of humans. Cell Transplant 2014; 23 Suppl 1:S151-70. [PMID: 25303679 DOI: 10.3727/096368914x684907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
We performed proteome mapping (PM), cataloging, and bioinformation analysis of protein lysates of human neural (CD133(+)) progenitor and stem cells (NPSCs) isolated from the olfactory sheath of a nose, multipotent mesenchymal (CD29(+), CD44(+), CD73(+), CD90(+), CD34(-)) stromal cells (MMSCs) isolated from human bone marrow, and tumor (CD133(+)) stem cells (TSCs) isolated from the human U87 glioblastoma (GB) cell line. We identified 1,664 proteins in the examined lysates of stem cells (SCs), 1,052 (63.2%) of which are identical in NPSCs and TSCs and 607 proteins (36.47%) of which are identical in MMSCs and TSCs. Other proteins in U87 GB TSCs are oncospecific or carcinogenesis associated. The biological processes, molecular functions, cell localization, and protein signal pathways of the proteins available in all three proteomes were annotated by PubMed (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/), PANTHER (http://www.pantherdb.org/), GeneOntology (http://www.geneontology.org/), and KEGG (http://www.genome.jp/kegg/) databases. It was shown that gliomaspheres of U87 GB had only 10 intracellular signal transduction pathways (ISTP) that were not modified by the neoplastic process, but only two of them (integrin and focal adhesion pathways) were accessible for regulatory action on gene candidates in the TSC nucleus. Carcinogenesis-free membrane proteins, IPST, and genes expressing proteins of these pathways in U87 GB TSCs can be viewed as main targets for regulatory effects on TSCs. We offer a novel concept of proteome-based complex therapy of tumors. This manuscript is published as part of the International Association of Neurorestoratology (IANR) special issue of Cell Transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrey Bryukhovetskiy
- Federal Research Center for Specialized Types of Medical Assistance and Medical Technologies of FMBA of Russia, Moscow, Russia
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Manda K, Kavanagh JN, Buttler D, Prise KM, Hildebrandt G. Low dose effects of ionizing radiation on normal tissue stem cells. MUTATION RESEARCH-REVIEWS IN MUTATION RESEARCH 2014; 761:6-14. [PMID: 24566131 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrrev.2014.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2013] [Revised: 02/03/2014] [Accepted: 02/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, there has been growing evidence for the involvement of stem cells in cancer initiation. As a result of their long life span, stem cells may have an increased propensity to accumulate genetic damage relative to differentiated cells. Therefore, stem cells of normal tissues may be important targets for radiation-induced carcinogenesis. Knowledge of the effects of ionizing radiation (IR) on normal stem cells and on the processes involved in carcinogenesis is very limited. The influence of high doses of IR (>5Gy) on proliferation, cell cycle and induction of senescence has been demonstrated in stem cells. There have been limited studies of the effects of moderate (0.5-5Gy) and low doses (<0.5Gy) of IR on stem cells however, the effect of low dose IR (LD-IR) on normal stem cells as possible targets for radiation-induced carcinogenesis has not been studied in any depth. There may also be important parallels between stem cell responses and those of cancer stem cells, which may highlight potential key common mechanisms of their response and radiosensitivity. This review will provide an overview of the current knowledge of radiation-induced effects on normal stem cells, with particular focus on low and moderate doses of IR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrin Manda
- Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, University of Rostock, Suedring 75, 18059 Rostock, Germany.
| | - Joy N Kavanagh
- Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, United Kingdom.
| | - Dajana Buttler
- Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, University of Rostock, Suedring 75, 18059 Rostock, Germany.
| | - Kevin M Prise
- Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, United Kingdom.
| | - Guido Hildebrandt
- Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, University of Rostock, Suedring 75, 18059 Rostock, Germany.
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Luan P, Zhou HH, Zhang B, Liu AM, Yang LH, Weng XL, Tao EX, Liu J. Basic fibroblast growth factor protects C17.2 cells from radiation-induced injury through ERK1/2. CNS Neurosci Ther 2013; 18:767-72. [PMID: 22943143 DOI: 10.1111/j.1755-5949.2012.00365.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS To establish a radiation-induced neural injury model using C17.2 neural stem cells (NSCs) and to investigate whether basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) can protect the radiation-induced injury of C17.2 NSCs. Furthermore, we aim to identify the possible mechanisms involved in this model. METHODS C17.2 NSCs received a single exposure (3, 6, and 9 Gy, respectively) at a dose rate of 300 cGy/min with a control group receiving 0 Gy. Different concentrations of bFGF were added for 24 h, 5 min postirradiation. The MTS assay and flow cytometry were used to detect cytotoxicity and apoptosis. Expression of FGFR1, ERK1/2, and p-ERK1/2 proteins was detected with or without U0126 was pretreated prior to C17.2 NSCs receiving irradiation. RESULTS C17.2 NSCs showed a dose-dependent cell death as the dose of radiation was increased. Additionally, the rate of apoptosis in the C17.2 NSCs reached 31.2 ± 1.23% in the 6 Gy irradiation group, which was the most significant when compared to the other irradiation treated groups. bFGF showed protective effect on cell apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner. The mean percentage of apoptotic cells decreased to 7.83 ± 1.75% when 100 ng/mL bFGF was given. Furthermore, U0126 could block the protective effect of bFGF by inhibiting the phosphorylation of ERK1/2. CONCLUSIONS An in vitro cellular model of radiation-induced apoptosis of NSCs, in C17.2 NSCs, was developed successfully. Additionally, bFGF can protect neurons from radiation injury in vitro via the ERK1/2 signal transduction pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Luan
- Medical School, Shenzhen University, China
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Regulation of neural stem cell differentiation by transcription factors HNF4-1 and MAZ-1. Mol Neurobiol 2012; 47:228-40. [PMID: 22944911 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-012-8335-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2012] [Accepted: 08/16/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Neural stem cells (NSCs) are promising candidates for a variety of neurological diseases due to their ability to differentiate into neurons, astrocytes, and oligodentrocytes. During this process, Rho GTPases are heavily involved in neuritogenesis, axon formation and dendritic development, due to their effects on the cytoskeleton through downstream effectors. The activities of Rho GTPases are controlled by Rho-GDP dissociation inhibitors (Rho-GDIs). As shown in our previous study, these are also involved in the differentiation of NSCs; however, little is known about the underlying regulatory mechanism. Here, we describe how the transcription factors hepatic nuclear factor (HNF4-1) and myc-associated zinc finger protein (MAZ-1) regulate the expression of Rho-GDIγ in the stimulation of NSC differentiation. Using a transfection of cis-element double-stranded oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs) strategy, referred to as "decoy" ODNs, we examined the effects of HNF4-1 and MAZ-1 on NSC differentiation in the NSC line C17.2. Our results show that HNF4-1 and MAZ-1 decoy ODNs significantly knock down Rho-GDIγ gene transcription, leading to NSC differentiation towards neurons. We observed that HNF4-1 and MAZ-1 decoy ODNs are able enter to the cell nucleolus and specifically bind to their target transcription factors. Furthermore, the expression of Rho-GDIγ-mediated genes was identified, suggesting that the regulatory mechanism for the differentiation of NSCs is triggered by the transcription factors MAZ-1 and HNF4-1. These findings indicate that HNF4-1 and MAZ-1 regulate the expression of Rho-GDIγ and contribute to the differentiation of NSCs. Our findings provide a new perspective within regulatory mechanism research during differentiation of NSCs, especially the clinical application of transcription factor decoys in vivo, suggesting potential therapeutic strategies for neurodegenerative disease.
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Lee JR, Kim HS. Radiation-induced retroelement-mediated genomic instability. BIOTECHNOL BIOPROC E 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s12257-012-0008-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Lundqvist J, El Andaloussi-Lilja J, Svensson C, Gustafsson Dorfh H, Forsby A. Optimisation of culture conditions for differentiation of C17.2 neural stem cells to be used for in vitro toxicity tests. Toxicol In Vitro 2012; 27:1565-9. [PMID: 22542584 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2012.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2011] [Revised: 04/11/2012] [Accepted: 04/17/2012] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Here we present a multipotent neuronal progenitor cell line for toxicity testing as an alternative to primary cultures of mixed cell types from brain tissue. The v-myc immortalised C17.2 cell line, originally cloned from mouse cerebellar neural stem cells, were maintained as monolayer in cell culture dishes in DMEM supplemented with fetal calf serum, horse serum and antibiotics. Different media and exposure scenarios were used to induce differentiation. The optimal condition which generated mixed cultures of neurons and astrocytes included serum-free DMEM:F12 medium with N2 supplements, brain-derived neurotrophic factor and nerve growth factor. The medium was changed every 3rd or 4th day to fresh N2 medium with supplements. After 7 days, the culture contained two different morphological cell types, assumed to be neurons and glia cells. The presence of astrocytes and neurons in the culture was confirmed by RT-PCR and Western blot analyses, indicating increased mRNA and protein levels of the specific biomarkers glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and βIII-tubulin, respectively. Concomitantly, the expression of the neural progenitor cell marker nestin was down-regulated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Lundqvist
- Department of Neurochemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory for Natural Sciences, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
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