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Bajis D, Daifi M, Amin MEK. Pharmacy-related research for health in the Arab region: An analysis informed by WHO's global strategy on research for health. EXPLORATORY RESEARCH IN CLINICAL AND SOCIAL PHARMACY 2022; 5:100099. [PMID: 35478511 PMCID: PMC9032015 DOI: 10.1016/j.rcsop.2021.100099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
In 2012, WHO (the World Health Organisation) published a strategy on research for health based on the premise that policies and practices in support of health worldwide should be grounded in the best scientific knowledge derived from high-quality research. This strategy focuses attention on five interrelated goals: organisation, capacity, priorities, standards, and translation.1 Whilst knowledge production and publication in many Arab countries have been on the rise, the overall global share of the Arab region in health research publication is smaller than its global share of population or wealth.2 Inspired by the five WHO goals on research for health, this commentary shares factors and recommendations for consideration to enhance pharmacy-related research in the Arab region. These recommendations include establishing strategies for pharmacy-related research to address the context and local needs of the host country, creating intranational and intraregional collaborative research avenues, investing in research capacity, and fostering a culture of research in the workplace.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalia Bajis
- International Pharmaceutical Federation, Andries Bickerweg 5, 2517 JP, The Hague, the Netherlands
- The University of Sydney, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- Corresponding author at: International Pharmaceutical Federation, Andries Bickerweg 5, 2517 JP, The Hague, the Netherlands.
| | - Magda Daifi
- Mohamed Al Mana College for Medical Sciences, Pharmacy Department, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Ezzat Khamis Amin
- Beirut Arab University, Faculty of Pharmacy, P.O. Box: 11 5020, Beirut, Lebanon
- AlAlamein International University Faculty of Pharmacy, AlAlamein City Main Road, Matrouh, Egypt
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Yousef B, Abudleek M, Adam M, Ahmed K. Doctors' attitude and satisfaction toward clinical pharmacists' role at omdurman military hospital: A descriptive cross-sectional study. MATRIX SCIENCE MEDICA 2022. [DOI: 10.4103/mtsm.mtsm_22_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Murshid MA, Mohaidin Z, Zayed M, Al Doghan MA. Moderating effects of trustworthiness between pharmacists and physicians: using partial least squares. JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL HEALTH SERVICES RESEARCH 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/jphsr/rmab048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
Trustworthiness (TRS) is an essential factor that drives pharmacist–physician collaboration (PPC), which, in turn, improves prescribing behaviour. This study examines the moderating effect of TRS on the relationship between pharmacist expertise, PPC and prescribing decisions of physicians (PPD).
Methods
A total of 393 usable data were collected from selected physicians using a structured questionnaire form. Partial least squares structural equation modelling was adopted for data analysis.
Key findings
The result shows that TRS does not moderate the relationship between pharmacist expertise power and PPD, although the relationship is stronger with higher TRS (β = 0.054, t = 0.483, P > 0.05). As expected, the relationship between PPC and PPD is stronger at high TRS (β = 0.137, t = 1.653, P < 0.05).
Conclusions
TRS plays a ‘dynamic’ role in strengthening the positive impact of high pharmacist collaboration on prescribing rather than a ‘supportive’ role in increasing physicians’ readiness to gather information and recommendations from the pharmacist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Ali Murshid
- Faculty of Administrative Sciences, Thamar University, Dhamar, Yemen
- Graduate School of Business, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Zurina Mohaidin
- Graduate School of Business, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Mohammad Zayed
- Graduate School of Business, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
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Alkoudmani R, Hassali MA, Allela OQBA, Elkalmi R, Al-Essa RK. Acceptance of Pharmacist’s Extended Roles by other Healthcare Providers in the Arab Region: Review Article. ARCHIVES OF PHARMACY PRACTICE 2021. [DOI: 10.51847/iho5cje9vn] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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Abstract
Bispecific T cell engagers are antibody constructs directed to a tumor-specific target on the one hand and to CD3-positive T cells on the other hand. Blinatumomab is a compound with specificity for the pan-B cell marker CD19. Clinical activity was tested in relapsed and refractory (R/R) non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma (NHL), R/R acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), and ALL patients with minimal residual disease. Trials have already been started in de novo ALL. The most clinically relevant toxicities are neurologic events and cytokine release syndrome as with other T cell-activating therapies. The mechanisms of resistance are not fully understood. Higher leukemia load and later stage disease represent unfavorable factors. Besides, an upregulation of regulatory T cells and inhibitory molecules like PD-1/PD-L1 may have a role as the loss of target by several mechanisms. The future will show whether the use of bispecifics in ALL can change the standard treatment algorithms and whether bispecific T cell engagers will also be successfully used in other malignant entities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Gökbuget
- Department of Medicine II, University Hospital Goethe University, Theodor Stern Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt, Germany.
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Safitrih L, Perwitasari DA, Ndoen N, Dandan KL. Health Workers' Perceptions and Expectations of the Role of the Pharmacist in Emergency Units: A Qualitative Study in Kupang, Indonesia. PHARMACY 2019; 7:pharmacy7010031. [PMID: 30909433 PMCID: PMC6473612 DOI: 10.3390/pharmacy7010031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Revised: 03/17/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background. An essential way to ensure patient safety in the hospital is by applying pharmacy services in emergency units. This strategy was implemented in Indonesia several years ago, with the aim of ensuring that adequate pharmacy services are given to patients in hospitals. To achieve this, pharmacists are required to cooperate with other health workers via inter-professional teamwork. This study intended to identify the perceptions and expectations of health workers with respect to pharmacy services in emergency units. Methods. This was a qualitative study, using a phenomenological approach with a semi-structured interview technique to obtain data. This study was performed at the Prof. Dr. W.Z. Johannes Hospital Kupang from June to September 2018. The results of the interviews were thematically analyzed using QSR NVivo software 11. Results. The themes identified in this study included: (1) The positive impact of pharmacists in service; (2) Badan Penyelenggara Jaminan Sosial (BPJS) influence; (3) Acceptance of health workers; (4) Medication administration information; and (5) Expectations of health workers. Various perceptions were conveyed by participants regarding the emergency unit services in the hospital’s pharmaceutical department. Data obtained proved that the existence of a pharmacist increased the efficiency of time for services and prevented human error. Conclusion. Pharmacists and policy-makers play a significant role in providing appropriate pharmaceutical services in emergency units. Pharmacists also need to improve their quality of practice in accordance with their competence. They must review the patient medical history and physician’s prescriptions, educate the patients and other health workers, so that the workload and service time will be reduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laila Safitrih
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ahmad Dahlan, Yogyakarta 55166, Indonesia.
| | - Dyah A Perwitasari
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ahmad Dahlan, Yogyakarta 55166, Indonesia.
| | - Nelci Ndoen
- Pharmacy Unit, Prof. Dr. W.Z. Johannes Hospital, Kupang 85112, Indonesia.
| | - Keri L Dandan
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Padjajaran, Bandung 45363, Indonesia.
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Alsairafi Z, Waheedi M, Alsaleh F. The perspectives of patients and physicians on the role of pharmacists in improving medication adherence in type 2 diabetes: a qualitative study. Patient Prefer Adherence 2019; 13:1527-1543. [PMID: 31571836 PMCID: PMC6750862 DOI: 10.2147/ppa.s218068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pharmacy practice has been expanded to include responsibility for the outcomes of medication therapy. However, in developing countries the pharmacist's role is still limited to dispensing medications. The aim of this study is to explore the perspectives of patients and physicians on the pharmacist's role in improving medication adherence in type 2 diabetes. METHODS Data were collected via semi-structured interviews with patients and physicians. The interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim and analysed using thematic analysis. RESULTS A total of 40 patients and 21 physicians were interviewed. The interviews revealed different pharmacy-related issues that negatively affected patients' adherence, such as a lack of pharmacist counselling and inappropriate scheduling of refills. Various recommendations to improve adherence were emphasised such as dedicating some pharmacists to counselling patients and providing pharmacists with the appropriate training. CONCLUSION From the perspectives of patients and physicians, the pharmacist's role in the management of type 2 diabetes is still limited to dispensing medications. In order to improve medication adherence and consequently patient outcomes, policy-makers need to be aware of the importance of supporting pharmacists and providing them with the appropriate training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Alsairafi
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Kuwait University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hawalli, Kuwait
| | - Mohammad Waheedi
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Kuwait University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hawalli, Kuwait
- Correspondence: Mohammad Waheedi PO Box 24923, Safat, Hawalli 13110, KuwaitTel +965 6 622 3629Email
| | - Fatemah Alsaleh
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Kuwait University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hawalli, Kuwait
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Hossain LN, Fernandez-Llimos F, Luckett T, Moullin JC, Durks D, Franco-Trigo L, Benrimoj SI, Sabater-Hernández D. Qualitative meta-synthesis of barriers and facilitators that influence the implementation of community pharmacy services: perspectives of patients, nurses and general medical practitioners. BMJ Open 2017; 7:e015471. [PMID: 28877940 PMCID: PMC5588935 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2016-015471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The integration of community pharmacy services (CPSs) into primary care practice can be enhanced by assessing (and further addressing) the elements that enable (ie, facilitators) or hinder (ie, barriers) the implementation of such CPSs. These elements have been widely researched from the perspective of pharmacists but not from the perspectives of other stakeholders who can interact with and influence the implementation of CPSs. The aim of this study was to synthesise the literature on patients', general practitioners' (GPs) and nurses' perspectives of CPSs to identify barriers and facilitators to their implementation in Australia. METHODS A meta-synthesis of qualitative studies was performed. A systematic search in PubMed, Scopus and Informit was conducted to identify studies that explored patients', GPs' or nurses' views about CPSs in Australia. Thematic synthesis was performed to identify elements influencing CPS implementation, which were further classified using an ecological approach. RESULTS Twenty-nine articles were included in the review, addressing 63 elements influencing CPS implementation. Elements were identified as a barrier, facilitator or both and were related to four ecological levels: individual patient (n=14), interpersonal (n=24), organisational (n=16) and community and healthcare system (n=9). It was found that patients, nurses and GPs identified elements reported in previous pharmacist-informed studies, such as pharmacist's training/education or financial remuneration, but also new elements, such as patients' capability to follow service's procedures, the relationships between GP and pharmacy professional bodies or the availability of multidisciplinary training/education. CONCLUSIONS Patients, GPs and nurses can describe a large number of elements influencing CPS implementation. These elements can be combined with previous findings in pharmacists-informed studies to produce a comprehensive framework to assess barriers and facilitators to CPS implementation. This framework can be used by pharmacy service planners and policy makers to improve the analysis of the contexts in which CPSs are implemented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lutfun N Hossain
- Graduate School of Health, University of Technology, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Fernando Fernandez-Llimos
- Department of Social Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Research Institute for Medicines, University of Lisbon, Lisboa, Portugal
| | | | - Joanna C Moullin
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Desire Durks
- Graduate School of Health, University of Technology, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Lucia Franco-Trigo
- Graduate School of Health, University of Technology, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Shalom I Benrimoj
- Graduate School of Health, University of Technology, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Daniel Sabater-Hernández
- Graduate School of Health, University of Technology, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Academic Centre in Pharmaceutical Care, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
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