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Karnik SJ, Margetts TJ, Wang HS, Movila A, Oblak AL, Fehrenbacher JC, Kacena MA, Plotkin LI. Mind the Gap: Unraveling the Intricate Dance Between Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementias and Bone Health. Curr Osteoporos Rep 2024; 22:165-176. [PMID: 38285083 PMCID: PMC10912190 DOI: 10.1007/s11914-023-00847-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This review examines the linked pathophysiology of Alzheimer's disease/related dementia (AD/ADRD) and bone disorders like osteoporosis. The emphasis is on "inflammaging"-a low-level inflammation common to both, and its implications in an aging population. RECENT FINDINGS Aging intensifies both ADRD and bone deterioration. Notably, ADRD patients have a heightened fracture risk, impacting morbidity and mortality, though it is uncertain if fractures worsen ADRD. Therapeutically, agents targeting inflammation pathways, especially Nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-kB) and TNF-α, appear beneficial for both conditions. Additionally, treatments like Sirtuin 1 (SIRT-1), known for anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective properties, are gaining attention. The interconnectedness of AD/ADRD and bone health necessitates a unified treatment approach. By addressing shared mechanisms, we can potentially transform therapeutic strategies, enriching our understanding and refining care in our aging society. This review article is part of a series of multiple manuscripts designed to determine the utility of using artificial intelligence for writing scientific reviews.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonali J Karnik
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Tyler J Margetts
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Hannah S Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Alexandru Movila
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Comprehensive Care, Indiana University School of Dentistry, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
- Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Adrian L Oblak
- Department of Radiology & Imaging Sciences, Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Jill C Fehrenbacher
- Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Melissa A Kacena
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.
- Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
- Richard L. Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.
| | - Lilian I Plotkin
- Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
- Richard L. Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology & Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.
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Singh S, Agrawal N, Goyal A. Role of Alpha-7-Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor in Alzheimer's Disease. CNS & NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS DRUG TARGETS 2024; 23:384-394. [PMID: 37366362 DOI: 10.2174/1871527322666230627123426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder affecting millions worldwide. One of the leading hypotheses for the underlying cause of AD is a reduction in nicotinic receptor levels in the brain. Among the nicotinic receptors, the alpha-7-nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7nAChR) has received particular attention due to its involvement in cognitive function.α7nAChR is a ligand-gated ion channel that is primarily found in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex, areas of the brain responsible for learning, memory, and attention. Studies have shown that α7nAChR dysfunction is a key contributor to the pathogenesis of AD. The receptor is involved in regulating amyloidbeta (Aβ) production, a hallmark of AD pathology. Many drugs have been investigated as α7nAChR agonists or allosteric modulators to improve cognitive deficits in AD. Clinical studies have shown promising results with α7nAChR agonists, including improved memory and cognitive function. Although several studies have shown the significance of the α7 nAChR in AD, little is known about its function in AD pathogenesis. As a result, in this review, we have outlined the basic information of the α7 nAChR's structure, functions, cellular responses to its activation, and its role in AD's pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sushma Singh
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura 281406, UP, India
- Pharmacy College, Azamgarh- 276128, UP, India
| | - Neetu Agrawal
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura 281406, UP, India
| | - Ahsas Goyal
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura 281406, UP, India
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Zhao J, Yu L, Xue X, Xu Y, Huang T, Xu D, Wang Z, Luo L, Wang H. Diminished α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7nAChR) rescues amyloid-β induced atrial remodeling by oxi-CaMKII/MAPK/AP-1 axis-mediated mitochondrial oxidative stress. Redox Biol 2023; 59:102594. [PMID: 36603528 PMCID: PMC9813735 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2022.102594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The potential coexistence of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and atrial fibrillation (AF) is increasingly common as aging-related diseases. However, little is known about mechanisms responsible for atrial remodeling in AD pathogenesis. α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (α7nAChR) has been shown to have profound effects on mitochondrial oxidative stress in both organ diseases. Here, we investigate the role of α7nAChR in mediating the effects of amyloid-β (Aβ) in cultured mouse atrial cardiomyocytes (HL-1 cells) and AD model mice (APP/PS1). In vitro, apoptosis, oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction induced by Aβ long-term (72h) in HL-1 cells were prevented by α-Bungarotoxin(α-BTX), an antagonist of α7nAChR. This cardioprotective effect was due to reinstating Ca2+ mishandling by decreasing the activation of CaMKII and MAPK signaling pathway, especially the oxidation of CaMKII (oxi-CaMKII). In vivo studies demonstrated that targeting knockdown of α7nAChR in cardiomyocytes could ameliorate AF progression in late-stage (12 months) APP/PS1 mice. Moreover, α7nAChR deficiency in cardiomyocytes attenuated APP/PS1-mutant induced atrial remodeling characterized by reducing fibrosis, atrial dilation, conduction dysfunction, and inflammatory mediator activities via suppressing oxi-CaMKII/MAPK/AP-1. Taken together, our findings suggest that diminished α7nAChR could rescue Aβ-induced atrial remodeling through oxi-CaMKII/MAPK/AP-1-mediated mitochondrial oxidative stress in atrial cells and AD mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jikai Zhao
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, No. 83, Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, PR China
| | - Liming Yu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, No. 83, Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, PR China
| | - Xiaodong Xue
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, No. 83, Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, PR China
| | - Yinli Xu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, No. 83, Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, PR China
| | - Tao Huang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, No. 83, Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, PR China
| | - Dengyue Xu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, No. 83, Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, PR China,Postgraduate College, China Medical University, Shenyang, PR China
| | - Zhishang Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, No. 83, Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, PR China
| | - Linyu Luo
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, No. 83, Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, PR China,Postgraduate College, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, PR China
| | - Huishan Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, No. 83, Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, PR China.
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Alan E, Kerry Z, Sevin G. Molecular mechanisms of Alzheimer's disease: From therapeutic targets to promising drugs. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2022; 37:397-427. [PMID: 36576325 DOI: 10.1111/fcp.12861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by cognitive impairment so widespread that it interferes with a person's ability to complete daily activities. AD is becoming increasingly common, and it is estimated that the number of patients will reach 152 million by 2050. Current treatment options for AD are symptomatic and have modest benefits. Therefore, considering the human, social, and economic burden of the disease, the development of drugs with the potential to alter disease progression has become a global priority. In this review, the molecular mechanisms involved in the pathology of AD were evaluated as therapeutic targets. The main aim of the review is to focus on new knowledge about mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and neuronal transmission in AD, as well as a range of cellular signaling mechanisms and associated treatments. Important molecular interactions leading to AD were described in amyloid cascade and in tau protein function, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, cholinergic and glutamatergic neurotransmission, cAMP-regulatory element-binding protein (CREB), the silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog 1 (SIRT-1), neuroinflammation (glial cells), and synaptic alterations. This review summarizes recent experimental and clinical research in AD pathology and analyzes the potential of therapeutic applications based on molecular disease mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elif Alan
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Zeliha Kerry
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Gulnur Sevin
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
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Coleman C, Martin I. Unraveling Parkinson's Disease Neurodegeneration: Does Aging Hold the Clues? JOURNAL OF PARKINSON'S DISEASE 2022; 12:2321-2338. [PMID: 36278358 PMCID: PMC9837701 DOI: 10.3233/jpd-223363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Aging is the greatest risk factor for Parkinson's disease (PD), suggesting that mechanisms driving the aging process promote PD neurodegeneration. Several lines of evidence support a role for aging in PD. First, hallmarks of brain aging such as mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress, loss of protein homeostasis, and neuroinflammation are centrally implicated in PD development. Second, mutations that cause monogenic PD are present from conception, yet typically only cause disease following a period of aging. Third, lifespan-extending genetic, dietary, or pharmacological interventions frequently attenuate PD-related neurodegeneration. These observations support a central role for aging in disease development and suggest that new discoveries in the biology of aging could be leveraged to elucidate novel mechanisms of PD pathophysiology. A recent rapid growth in our understanding of conserved molecular pathways that govern model organism lifespan and healthspan has highlighted a key role for metabolism and nutrient sensing pathways. Uncovering how metabolic pathways involving NAD+ consumption, insulin, and mTOR signaling link to the development of PD is underway and implicates metabolism in disease etiology. Here, we assess areas of convergence between nervous system aging and PD, evaluate the link between metabolism, aging, and PD and address the potential of metabolic interventions to slow or halt the onset of PD-related neurodegeneration drawing on evidence from cellular and animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colin Coleman
- Department of Neurology, Jungers Center for Neurosciences, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Ian Martin
- Department of Neurology, Jungers Center for Neurosciences, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA,Correspondence to: Ian Martin, Jungers Center for Neurosciences Research, Department of Neurology - Mail Code L623, Oregon Health and Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97239, USA. Tel.: +1 503 494 9140; E-mail:
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6
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Ding MR, Qu YJ, Hu B, An HM. Signal pathways in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease with traditional Chinese medicine. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 152:113208. [PMID: 35660246 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM OF THE REVIEW This study aimed to reveal the classical signal pathways and important potential targets of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for treating Alzheimer's disease (AD), and provide support for further investigation on TCM and its active ingredients. MATERIALS AND METHODS Literature survey was conducted using PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar, CNKI, and other databases, with "Alzheimer's disease," "traditional Chinese medicine," "medicinal herb," "Chinese herb," and "natural plant" as the primary keywords. RESULTS TCM could modulate signal pathways related to AD pathological progression, including NF-κB, Nrf2, JAK/STAT, ubiquitin-proteasome pathway, autophagy-lysosome pathway-related AMPK/mTOR, GSK-3/mTOR, and PI3K/Akt/mTOR, as well as SIRT1 and PPARα pathway. It could regulate crosstalk between pathways through a multitarget, thus maintaining chronic inflammatory interaction balance, inhibiting oxidative stress damage, regulating ubiquitin-proteasome system function, modulating autophagy, and eventually improving cognitive impairment in patients with AD. CONCLUSION TCM could be multilevel, multitargeted, and multifaceted to prevent and treat AD. In-depth research on the prevention and treatment of AD with TCM could provide new ideas for exploring the pathogenesis of AD and developing new anti-AD drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Rui Ding
- Department of Neurology, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yan-Jie Qu
- Department of Neurology, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Bing Hu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Oncology, Department of Oncology, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Hong-Mei An
- Department of Science & Technology, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China.
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7
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Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors and Microglia as Therapeutic and Imaging Targets in Alzheimer's Disease. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27092780. [PMID: 35566132 PMCID: PMC9102429 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27092780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Amyloid-β (Aβ) accumulation and tauopathy are considered the pathological hallmarks of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), but attenuation in choline signaling, including decreased nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs), is evident in the early phase of AD. Currently, there are no drugs that can suppress the progression of AD due to a limited understanding of AD pathophysiology. For this, diagnostic methods that can assess disease progression non-invasively before the onset of AD symptoms are essential, and it would be valuable to incorporate the concept of neurotheranostics, which simultaneously enables diagnosis and treatment. The neuroprotective pathways activated by nAChRs are attractive targets as these receptors may regulate microglial-mediated neuroinflammation. Microglia exhibit both pro- and anti-inflammatory functions that could be modulated to mitigate AD pathogenesis. Currently, single-cell analysis is identifying microglial subpopulations that may have specific functions in different stages of AD pathologies. Thus, the ability to image nAChRs and microglia in AD according to the stage of the disease in the living brain may lead to the development of new diagnostic and therapeutic methods. In this review, we summarize and discuss the recent findings on the nAChRs and microglia, as well as their methods for live imaging in the context of diagnosis, prophylaxis, and therapy for AD.
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8
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Xiang J, Ran LY, Zeng XX, He WW, Xu Y, Cao K, Dong YT, Qi XL, Yu WF, Xiao Y, Guan ZZ. LiCl attenuates impaired learning and memory of APP/PS1 mice, which in mechanism involves α7 nAChRs and Wnt/β-catenin pathway. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:10698-10710. [PMID: 34708522 PMCID: PMC8581309 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 09/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We examined the mechanism by which lithium chloride (LiCl) attenuates the impaired learning capability and memory function of dual-transgenic APP/PS1 mice. Six- or 12-month-old APP/PS1 and wild-type (WT) mice were randomized into four groups, namely WT, WT+Li (100 mg LiCl/kg body weight, gavage once daily), APP/PS1 and APP/PS1+Li. Primary rat hippocampal neurons were exposed to β-amyloid peptide oligomers (AβOs), LiCl and/or XAV939 (inhibitor of Wnt/β-catenin) or transfected with small interfering RNA against the β-catenin gene. In the cerebral zone of APP/PS1 mice, the level of Aβ was increased and those of α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChR), phosphor-GSK3β (ser9), β-catenin and cyclin D1 (protein and/or mRNA levels) reduced. Two-month treatment with LiCl at ages of 4 or 10 months weakened all of these effects. Similar expression variations were observed for these proteins in primary neurons exposed to AβOs, and these effects were attenuated by LiCl and aggravated by XAV939. Inhibition of β-catenin expression lowered the level of α7 nAChR protein in these cells. LiCl attenuates the impaired learning capability and memory function of APP/PS1 mice via a mechanism that might involve elevation of the level of α7 nAChR as a result of altered Wnt/β-catenin signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Xiang
- Department of Pathology, Guizhou Medical University and the Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, P.R. China
| | - Long-Yan Ran
- Department of Pathology, Guizhou Medical University and the Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Xiao Zeng
- Department of Pathology, Guizhou Medical University and the Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, P.R. China
| | - Wen-Wen He
- Department of Pathology, Guizhou Medical University and the Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, P.R. China
| | - Yi Xu
- Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, P.R. China
| | - Kun Cao
- Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, P.R. China
| | - Yang-Ting Dong
- Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, P.R. China.,Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Guiyang, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Lan Qi
- Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, P.R. China.,Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Guiyang, P.R. China
| | - Wen-Feng Yu
- Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, P.R. China.,Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Guiyang, P.R. China
| | - Yan Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, P.R. China.,Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Guiyang, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Zhong Guan
- Department of Pathology, Guizhou Medical University and the Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, P.R. China.,Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Guiyang, P.R. China
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Sánchez-Melgar A, Izquierdo-Ramírez PJ, Palomera-Ávalos V, Pallàs M, Albasanz JL, Martín M. High-Fat and Resveratrol Supplemented Diets Modulate Adenosine Receptors in the Cerebral Cortex of C57BL/6J and SAMP8 Mice. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13093040. [PMID: 34578918 PMCID: PMC8466958 DOI: 10.3390/nu13093040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative disorders are devastating diseases in which aging is a major risk factor. High-fat diet (HFD) seems to contribute to cognition deterioration, but the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. Moreover, resveratrol (RSV) has been reported to counteract the loss of cognition associated with age. Our study aimed to investigate whether the adenosinergic system and plasma membrane cholesterol are modulated by HFD and RSV in the cerebral cortex of C57BL/6J and SAMP8 mice. Results show that HFD induced increased A1R and A2AR densities in C57BL/6J, whereas this remained unchanged in SAMP8. Higher activity of 5′-Nucleotidase was found as a common effect induced by HFD in both mice strains. Furthermore, the effect of HFD and RSV on A2BR density was different depending on the mouse strain. RSV did not clearly counteract the HFD-induced effects on the adenosinergic system. Besides, no changes in free-cholesterol levels were detected in the plasma membrane of cerebral cortex in both strains. Taken together, our data suggest a different modulation of adenosine receptors depending on the mouse strain, not related to changes in plasma membrane cholesterol content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Sánchez-Melgar
- Regional Center of Biomedical Research, Department of Inorganic, Organic and Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemical and Technological Sciences, School of Medicine of Ciudad Real, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain; (A.S.-M.); (P.J.I.-R.); (M.M.)
| | - Pedro José Izquierdo-Ramírez
- Regional Center of Biomedical Research, Department of Inorganic, Organic and Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemical and Technological Sciences, School of Medicine of Ciudad Real, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain; (A.S.-M.); (P.J.I.-R.); (M.M.)
| | - Verónica Palomera-Ávalos
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Institute of Neuroscience, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (V.P.-Á.); (M.P.)
| | - Mercè Pallàs
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Institute of Neuroscience, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (V.P.-Á.); (M.P.)
| | - José Luis Albasanz
- Regional Center of Biomedical Research, Department of Inorganic, Organic and Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemical and Technological Sciences, School of Medicine of Ciudad Real, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain; (A.S.-M.); (P.J.I.-R.); (M.M.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Mairena Martín
- Regional Center of Biomedical Research, Department of Inorganic, Organic and Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemical and Technological Sciences, School of Medicine of Ciudad Real, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain; (A.S.-M.); (P.J.I.-R.); (M.M.)
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10
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Tang KS. Protective Effects of Polydatin Against Dementia-Related Disorders. Curr Neuropharmacol 2021; 19:127-135. [PMID: 32525774 PMCID: PMC8033983 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x18666200611144825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Dementia is a collection of symptoms affecting a person's cognition. Dementia is debilitating, and therefore, finding an effective treatment is of utmost importance. Resveratrol, which exhibits neuroprotective effects, has low bioavailability. However, its glucoside polydatin is more bioavailable. Here, the evidence that supports the protective role of polydatin against dementia- related diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, vascular dementia, alcohol-related dementia, and Lewy body dementias is presented. The beneficial effects of polydatin from a mechanistic perspective are specifically emphasized in this review. Future directions in this area of research are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim S. Tang
- Address correspondence to this author at the School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500 Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia; Tel: +60 3 5514-4958; E-mail:
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11
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The Beneficial Roles of SIRT1 in Neuroinflammation-Related Diseases. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:6782872. [PMID: 33014276 PMCID: PMC7519200 DOI: 10.1155/2020/6782872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Sirtuins are the class III of histone deacetylases whose deacetylate of histones is dependent on nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+). Among seven sirtuins, SIRT1 plays a critical role in modulating a wide range of physiological processes, including apoptosis, DNA repair, inflammatory response, metabolism, cancer, and stress. Neuroinflammation is associated with many neurological diseases, including ischemic stroke, bacterial infections, traumatic brain injury, Alzheimer's disease (AD), and Parkinson's disease (PD). Recently, numerous studies indicate the protective effects of SIRT1 in neuroinflammation-related diseases. Here, we review the latest progress regarding the anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects of SIRT1. First, we introduce the structure, catalytic mechanism, and functions of SIRT1. Next, we discuss the molecular mechanisms of SIRT1 in the regulation of neuroinflammation. Finally, we analyze the mechanisms and effects of SIRT1 in several common neuroinflammation-associated diseases, such as cerebral ischemia, traumatic brain injury, spinal cord injury, AD, and PD. Taken together, this information implies that SIRT1 may serve as a promising therapeutic target for the treatment of neuroinflammation-associated disorders.
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