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Costa RF, de Oliveira CA, Gomes ÁNDM, Lourenço SV, Coutinho-Camillo CM. Molecular Aspects of Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma and Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma of the Salivary Gland. Head Neck Pathol 2024; 18:34. [PMID: 38658430 PMCID: PMC11043314 DOI: 10.1007/s12105-024-01629-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Salivary gland tumors (SGTs) are rare and highly heterogeneous lesions, making diagnosis a challenging activity. In addition, the small number of studies and samples evaluated difficults the determination of prognosis and diagnosis. Despite the solid advances achieved by research, there is still an intense need to investigate biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis and that explain the evolution and progression of SGTs. METHODS We performed a comprehensive literature review of the molecular alterations focusing on the most frequent malignant SGTs: mucoepidermoid carcinoma and adenoid cystic carcinoma. RESULTS Due to the importance of biomarkers in the tumorigenenic process, this review aimed to address the mechanisms involved and to describe molecular and biomarker pathways to better understand some aspects of the pathophysiology of salivary gland tumorigenesis. CONCLUSIONS Molecular analysis is essential not only to improve the diagnosis and prognosis of the tumors but also to identify novel driver pathways in the precision medicine scenario.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raisa Ferreira Costa
- International Research Center, A.C.Camargo Cancer Center, Rua Taguá, 440 - Primeiro andar, São Paulo, 01508-010, Brazil
| | - Carolinne Alves de Oliveira
- International Research Center, A.C.Camargo Cancer Center, Rua Taguá, 440 - Primeiro andar, São Paulo, 01508-010, Brazil
| | - Ágatha Nagli de Mello Gomes
- International Research Center, A.C.Camargo Cancer Center, Rua Taguá, 440 - Primeiro andar, São Paulo, 01508-010, Brazil
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Böpple K, Oren Y, Henry WS, Dong M, Weller S, Thiel J, Kleih M, Gaißler A, Zipperer D, Kopp HG, Aylon Y, Oren M, Essmann F, Liang C, Aulitzky WE. ATF3 characterizes aggressive drug-tolerant persister cells in HGSOC. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:290. [PMID: 38658567 PMCID: PMC11043376 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-024-06674-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
High-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) represents the most common and lethal subtype of ovarian cancer. Despite initial response to platinum-based standard therapy, patients commonly suffer from relapse that likely originates from drug-tolerant persister (DTP) cells. We generated isogenic clones of treatment-naïve and cisplatin-tolerant persister HGSOC cells. In addition, single-cell RNA sequencing of barcoded cells was performed in a xenograft model with HGSOC cell lines after platinum-based therapy. Published single-cell RNA-sequencing data from neo-adjuvant and non-treated HGSOC patients and patient data from TCGA were analyzed. DTP-derived cells exhibited morphological alterations and upregulation of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers. An aggressive subpopulation of DTP-derived cells showed high expression of the stress marker ATF3. Knockdown of ATF3 enhanced the sensitivity of aggressive DTP-derived cells to cisplatin-induced cell death, implying a role for ATF3 stress response in promoting a drug tolerant persister cell state. Furthermore, single cell lineage tracing to detect transcriptional changes in a HGSOC cell line-derived xenograft relapse model showed that cells derived from relapsed solid tumors express increased levels of EMT and multiple endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress markers, including ATF3. Single cell RNA sequencing of epithelial cells from four HGSOC patients also identified a small cell population resembling DTP cells in all samples. Moreover, analysis of TCGA data from 259 HGSOC patients revealed a significant progression-free survival advantage for patients with low expression of the ATF3-associated partial EMT genes. These findings suggest that increased ATF3 expression together with partial EMT promote the development of aggressive DTP, and thereby relapse in HGSOC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathrin Böpple
- Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch - Institute of Clinical Pharmacology and University of Tuebingen, Auerbachstr. 112, 70376, Stuttgart, Germany.
| | - Yaara Oren
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics & Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv-Yafo, Israel
| | - Whitney S Henry
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, 455 Main St., Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
| | - Meng Dong
- Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch - Institute of Clinical Pharmacology and University of Tuebingen, Auerbachstr. 112, 70376, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Sandra Weller
- Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch - Institute of Clinical Pharmacology and University of Tuebingen, Auerbachstr. 112, 70376, Stuttgart, Germany
- Robert Bosch Center for Tumor Diseases (RBCT), Auerbachstr. 110, 70376, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Julia Thiel
- Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch - Institute of Clinical Pharmacology and University of Tuebingen, Auerbachstr. 112, 70376, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Markus Kleih
- Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch - Institute of Clinical Pharmacology and University of Tuebingen, Auerbachstr. 112, 70376, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Andrea Gaißler
- Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch - Institute of Clinical Pharmacology and University of Tuebingen, Auerbachstr. 112, 70376, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Damaris Zipperer
- Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch - Institute of Clinical Pharmacology and University of Tuebingen, Auerbachstr. 112, 70376, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Hans-Georg Kopp
- Robert Bosch Hospital, Auerbachstr. 110, 70376, Stuttgart, Germany
- Robert Bosch Center for Tumor Diseases (RBCT), Auerbachstr. 110, 70376, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Yael Aylon
- Weizmann Institute of Science, 234 Herzl St, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Moshe Oren
- Weizmann Institute of Science, 234 Herzl St, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Frank Essmann
- Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch - Institute of Clinical Pharmacology and University of Tuebingen, Auerbachstr. 112, 70376, Stuttgart, Germany
- Robert Bosch Center for Tumor Diseases (RBCT), Auerbachstr. 110, 70376, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Chunguang Liang
- Department of Bioinformatics, Biocenter Am Hubland, University of Wuerzburg, 97074, Wuerzburg, Germany.
- Institute of Immunology, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich-Schiller-University, Leutragraben 3, 07743, Jena, Germany.
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Salem A, Wu Y, Ding Q, Middleton LP. Impact of NOTCH1 expression in primary breast adenoid cystic carcinoma. J Clin Pathol 2024:jcp-2023-209325. [PMID: 38471758 DOI: 10.1136/jcp-2023-209325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
AIMS Adenoid cystic carcinoma (AdCC) originates from salivary-type like glands in the head and neck, lung, and breast. AdCC shows chromosomal translocation, resulting in MYB::NFIB fusion and overexpression of MYB. Recently, NOTCH1 pathway alteration has been recognised in a subset of patients with salivary gland AdCC and has been shown to be associated with poor survival. In this study, we investigated the correlation of NOTCH1 pathway alteration with the clinical outcome of patients with primary breast AdCC by examining NOTCH1 immunoreactivity in attempts to better predict clinical outcomes. METHODS We identified 25 cases of breast AdCC, reviewed the clinical outcome and performed immunohistochemical (IHC) staining for NOTCH1 on FFPE sections. RESULTS IHC evaluation of NOTCH1 expression in 25 cases of primary breast AdCCs revealed a positive correlation between NOTCH1 expression and primary tumour size. All cases with NOTCH1 expression were greater than 15 mm in size at presentation but only 50% of NOTCH1 negative tumours were greater than 15 mm. We demonstrated a positive correlation between NOTCH1 positive AdCCs and recurrence/metastases. 63.6% of NOTCH1 positive AdCCs had either metastases or recurrence. On the contrary, only 21.5% of NOTCH1 negative AdCCs had recurrence or metastases. AdCCs with NOTCH1 positivity correlated with inferior relapse free survival (median 33 vs 129 months). CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrates that in patients with breast AdCC, overexpression of NOTCH1 ≥20% is associated with larger tumour size and aggressive clinical outcomes. Importantly, NOTCH1 inhibitors may have potential therapeutic effect in patients with breast AdCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Salem
- Pathology, The University of Texas, Houston, Texas, USA
- Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Yun Wu
- Pathology, The University of Texas, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Qingqing Ding
- Pathology, The University of Texas, Houston, Texas, USA
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Li R, Hu Z, Qiao Q, Zhou D, Sun M. Anti-NOTCH1 therapy with OMP-52 M51 inhibits salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma by depressing epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process and inducing ferroptosis. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2024; 484:116825. [PMID: 38253083 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2024.116825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Revised: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) is a common type of salivary gland cancer, and the mechanisms underlying its progression still remain poorly understood without efficient therapies. NOTCH1, an evolutionally conserved cell-cell signaling pathway, is involved in the progression of ACC. In our study, we attempted to explore whether NOTCH1 suppression using the monoclonal anti-NOTCH1 antibody OMP-52 M51 could be of potential for ACC treatment. Here, we identified NOTCH1 elevation in human ACC tissues compared with the matched normal samples. Patients with metastasis expressed much higher NOTCH1. We then found that OMP-52 M51 markedly reduced the expression of NOTCH1 and its intracellular active form NICD1 (NOTCH1 intracellular domain). Importantly, OMP-52 M51 markedly reduced the proliferation, migration and invasion of ACC cells. RNA-Seq and in vitro studies further showed that OMP-52 M51 significantly induced ferroptosis in ACC cells, indicated by the increased cellular malondialdehyde (MDA), iron contents and lipid ROS production, and decreased glutathione (GSH) levels. Further, remarkable glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) reduction was detected in ACC cells with OMP-52 M51 treatment. However, promoting NOTCH1 expression markedly abolished the function of OMP-52 M51 to induce ferroptosis. Intriguingly, low-dose OMP-52 M51 strongly facilitated the capacity of ferroptosis inducer erastin to trigger ferroptotic cell death, revealing that OMP-52 M51 could improve the sensitivity of ACC cells to ferroptosis. In vivo, OMP-52 M51 administration suppressed tumor growth and induced ferroptosis in the constructed ACC xenograft mouse model. Collectively, our findings demonstrated that NOTCH1 inhibition by OMP-52 M51 represses the proliferation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in ACCs, and promotes ferroptosis, revealing the potential therapeutical application of OMP-52 M51 in ACC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Li
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, China
| | - Zelong Hu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, China
| | - Quanxin Qiao
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, China
| | - Die Zhou
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, China
| | - Minglei Sun
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, China.
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Kumar P, Gupta S, Das BC. Saliva as a potential non-invasive liquid biopsy for early and easy diagnosis/prognosis of head and neck cancer. Transl Oncol 2024; 40:101827. [PMID: 38042138 PMCID: PMC10701368 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2023.101827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs) are the most devastating diseases in India and southeast Asia. It is a preventable and curable disease if detected early. Tobacco and alcohol consumption are the two major risk-factors but infection of high-risk HPVs are also associated with development of predominantly oral and oropharyngeal carcinomas. Interestingly, unlike cervical cancer, HPV-induced HNSCCs show good prognosis and better survival in contrast, majority of tobacco-associated HPV-ve HNSCCs are highly aggressive with poor clinical outcome. Biomarker analysis in circulatory body-fluids for early cancer diagnosis, prognosis and treatment monitoring are becoming important in clinical practice. Early diagnosis using non-invasive saliva for oral or other diseases plays an important role in successful treatment and better prognosis. Saliva mirrors the body's state of health as it comes into direct contact with oral lesions and needs no trained manpower to collect, making it a suitable bio-fluid of choice for screening. Saliva can be used to detect not only virus, bacteria and other biomarkers but variety of molecular and genetic markers for an early detection, treatment and monitoring cancer and other diseases. The performance of saliva-based diagnostics are reported to be highly (≥95 %) sensitive and specific indicating the test's ability to correctly identify true positive or negative cases. This review focuses on the potentials of saliva in the early detection of not only HPV or other pathogens but also identification of highly reliable gene mutations, oral-microbiomes, metabolites, salivary cytokines, non-coding RNAs and exosomal miRNAs. It also discusses the importance of saliva as a reliable, cost-effective and an easy alternative to invasive procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prabhat Kumar
- Stem Cell and Cancer Research Lab, Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine & Stem Cell Research (AIMMSCR), Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Sector-125, Noida 201313, India
| | - Shilpi Gupta
- Stem Cell and Cancer Research Lab, Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine & Stem Cell Research (AIMMSCR), Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Sector-125, Noida 201313, India
| | - Bhudev C Das
- Stem Cell and Cancer Research Lab, Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine & Stem Cell Research (AIMMSCR), Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Sector-125, Noida 201313, India.
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Cai J, Qiao Y, Chen L, Lu Y, Zheng D. Regulation of the Notch signaling pathway by natural products for cancer therapy. J Nutr Biochem 2024; 123:109483. [PMID: 37848105 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2023.109483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
The Notch signaling pathway is an evolutionarily conserved pathway that modulates normal biological processes involved in cellular differentiation, apoptosis, and stem cell self-renewal in a context-dependent fashion. Attributed to its pleiotropic physiological roles, both overexpression and silencing of the pathway are associated with the emergence, progression, and poorer prognosis in various types of cancer. To decrease disease incidence and promote survival, targeting Notch may have chemopreventive and anti-cancer effects. Natural products with profound historical origins have distinguished themselves from other therapies due to their easy access, high biological compatibility, low toxicity, and reliable effects at specific physiological sites in vivo. This review describes the Notch signaling pathway, particularly its normal activation process, and some main illnesses related to Notch signaling pathway dysregulation. Emphasis is placed on the effects and mechanisms of natural products targeting the Notch signaling pathway in diverse cancer types, including curcumin, ellagic acid (EA), resveratrol, genistein, epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), quercetin, and xanthohumol and so on. Existing evidence indicates that natural products are feasible solution to fight against cancer by targeting Notch signaling, either alone or in combination with current therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayi Cai
- School of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Yajie Qiao
- School of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Lingbin Chen
- School of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Youguang Lu
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350004, China; Department of Preventive Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - Dali Zheng
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350004, China.
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Hanna GJ, Stathis A, Lopez-Miranda E, Racca F, Quon D, Leyvraz S, Hess D, Keam B, Rodon J, Ahn MJ, Kim HR, Schneeweiss A, Ribera JM, DeAngelo D, Perez Garcia JM, Cortes J, Schönborn-Kellenberger O, Weber D, Pisa P, Bauer M, Beni L, Bobadilla M, Lehal R, Vigolo M, Vogl FD, Garralda E. A Phase I Study of the Pan-Notch Inhibitor CB-103 for Patients with Advanced Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma and Other Tumors. CANCER RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS 2023; 3:1853-1861. [PMID: 37712875 PMCID: PMC10501326 DOI: 10.1158/2767-9764.crc-23-0333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE CB-103 selectively inhibits the CSL-NICD (Notch intracellular domain) interaction leading to transcriptional downregulation of oncogenic Notch pathway activation. This dose-escalation/expansion study aimed to determine safety, pharmacokinetics, and preliminary antitumor activity. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Patients ≥18 years of age with selected advanced solid tumors [namely, adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC)] and hematologic malignancies were eligible. CB-103 was dosed orally in cycles of 28 days at escalating doses until disease progression. Notch-activating mutations were required in a dose confirmatory cohort. Endpoints included dose-limiting toxicities (DLT), safety, tumor response, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics. Exploratory analyses focused on correlates of Notch and target gene expression. RESULTS Seventy-nine patients (64, 12 dose-escalation cohorts; 15, confirmatory cohort) enrolled with 54% receiving two or more lines of prior therapy. ACC was the dominant tumor type (40, 51%). Two DLTs were observed [elevated gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), visual change]; recommended phase II dose was declared as 500 mg twice daily (5 days on, 2 days off weekly). Grade 3-4 treatment-related adverse events occurred in 15 patients (19%), including elevated liver function tests (LFTs), anemia, and visual changes. Five (6%) discontinued drug for toxicity; with no drug-related deaths. There were no objective responses, but 37 (49%) had stable disease; including 23 of 40 (58%) patients with ACC. In the ACC cohort, median progression-free survival was 2.5 months [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.5-3.7] and median overall survival was 18.4 months (95% CI, 6.3-not reached). CONCLUSIONS CB-103 had a manageable safety profile and biological activity but limited clinical antitumor activity as monotherapy in this first-in-human study. SIGNIFICANCE CB-103 is a novel oral pan-Notch inhibitor that selectively blocks the CSL-NICD interaction leading to transcriptional downregulation of oncogenic Notch pathway activation. This first-in-human dose-escalation and -confirmation study aimed to determine the safety, pharmacokinetics, and preliminary antitumor efficacy of CB-103. We observed a favorable safety profile with good tolerability and biological activity but limited clinical single-agent antitumor activity. Some disease stabilization was observed among an aggressive NOTCH-mutant ACC type-I subgroup where prognosis is poor and therapies are critically needed. Peripheral downregulation of select Notch target gene levels was observed with escalating doses. Future studies exploring CB-103 should enrich for patients with NOTCH-mutant ACC and investigate rational combinatorial approaches in tumors where there is limited success with investigational or approved drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Glenn J. Hanna
- Department of Medical Oncology, Center for Head and Neck Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Anastasios Stathis
- Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland, EOC, Bellinzona, Switzerland
- Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera Italiana (USI), Lugano, Switzerland
| | | | - Fabricio Racca
- IOB – Institute of Oncology Barcelona and Madrid, Hospital Quironsalud-Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Doris Quon
- Sarcoma Oncology Research Center, Santa Monica, California
| | - Serge Leyvraz
- Charité Comprehensive Cancer Center, Charité Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Dagmar Hess
- Department of Medical Oncology, Kantonsspital St Gallen, St Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Bhumsuk Keam
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of South Korea
| | - Jordi Rodon
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Myung-Ju Ahn
- Samsung Medical Center Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of South Korea
| | - Hye Ryun Kim
- Severance Hospital – Yonsei Cancer Center, Seoul, Republic of South Korea
| | - Andreas Schneeweiss
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), University Hospital Heidelberg and German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Josep-Maria Ribera
- Institut Català d'Oncologia (Catalan Institute of Oncology [ICO]), Josep Carreras Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Daniel DeAngelo
- Division of Leukemia, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jose Manuel Perez Garcia
- International Breast Cancer Center (IBCC), Pangaea Oncology, Quiron Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
- Medica Scientia Innovation Research, Barcelona, Spain
- Medica Scientia Innovation Research, Ridgewood, New Jersey
| | - Javier Cortes
- International Breast Cancer Center (IBCC), Pangaea Oncology, Quiron Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
- Medica Scientia Innovation Research, Barcelona, Spain
- Medica Scientia Innovation Research, Ridgewood, New Jersey
| | | | - Dirk Weber
- Cellestia Biotech AG, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Pavel Pisa
- piMedConsulting Ltd, Gersau, Switzerland
| | | | - Laura Beni
- Cellestia Biotech AG, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Raj Lehal
- Cellestia Biotech AG, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Elena Garralda
- Early Drug Development Unit, Clinical Research Program, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital and Institute of Oncology (VHIO) and Medical Oncology, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital (HUVH), Barcelona, Spain
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Powell SK, Kulakova K, Kennedy S. A Review of the Molecular Landscape of Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma of the Lacrimal Gland. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13755. [PMID: 37762061 PMCID: PMC10530759 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241813755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) has a worldwide incidence of three to four cases per million population. Although more cases occur in the minor and major salivary glands, it is the most common lacrimal gland malignancy. ACC has a low-grade, indolent histological appearance, but is relentlessly progressive over time and has a strong proclivity to recur and/or metastasise. Current treatment options are limited to complete surgical excision and adjuvant radiotherapy. Intra-arterial systemic therapy is a recent innovation. Recurrent/metastatic disease is common due to perineural invasion, and it is largely untreatable as it is refractory to conventional chemotherapeutic agents. Given the rarity of this tumour, the molecular mechanisms that govern disease pathogenesis are poorly understood. There is an unmet, critical need to develop effective, personalised targeted therapies for the treatment of ACC in order to reduce morbidity and mortality associated with the disease. This review details the evidence relating to the molecular underpinnings of ACC of the lacrimal gland, including the MYB-NFIB chromosomal translocations, Notch-signalling pathway aberrations, DNA damage repair gene mutations and epigenetic modifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Kate Powell
- Research Foundation, Royal Victoria Eye and Ear Hospital, D02 XK51 Dublin, Ireland; (K.K.); (S.K.)
| | - Karina Kulakova
- Research Foundation, Royal Victoria Eye and Ear Hospital, D02 XK51 Dublin, Ireland; (K.K.); (S.K.)
- Department of Biotechnology, Dublin City University, D09 V209 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Susan Kennedy
- Research Foundation, Royal Victoria Eye and Ear Hospital, D02 XK51 Dublin, Ireland; (K.K.); (S.K.)
- National Ophthalmic Pathology Laboratory, D04 T6F6 Dublin, Ireland
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Marchioni A, Tonelli R, Samarelli AV, Cappiello GF, Andreani A, Tabbì L, Livrieri F, Bosi A, Nori O, Mattioli F, Bruzzi G, Marchioni D, Clini E. Molecular Biology and Therapeutic Targets of Primitive Tracheal Tumors: Focus on Tumors Derived by Salivary Glands and Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11370. [PMID: 37511133 PMCID: PMC10379311 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Primary tracheal tumors are rare, constituting approximately 0.1-0.4% of malignant diseases. Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) account for about two-thirds of these tumors. Despite most primary tracheal cancers being eligible for surgery and/or radiotherapy, unresectable, recurrent and metastatic tumors may require systemic treatments. Unfortunately, the poor response to available chemotherapy as well as the lack of other real therapeutic alternatives affects the quality of life and outcome of patients suffering from more advanced disease. In this condition, target therapy against driver mutations could constitute an alternative to chemotherapy, and may help in disease control. The past two decades have seen extraordinary progress in developing novel target treatment options, shifting the treatment paradigm for several cancers such as lung cancer. The improvement of knowledge regarding the genetic and biological alterations, of major primary tracheal tumors, has opened up new treatment perspectives, suggesting the possible role of biological targeted therapies for the treatment of these rare tumors. The purpose of this review is to outline the state of knowledge regarding the molecular biology, and the preliminary data on target treatments of the main primary tracheal tumors, focusing on salivary-gland-derived cancers and squamous cell carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Marchioni
- Respiratory Diseases Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena Reggio Emilia, University Hospital of Modena, 41121 Modena, Italy
| | - Roberto Tonelli
- Respiratory Diseases Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena Reggio Emilia, University Hospital of Modena, 41121 Modena, Italy
- Clinical and Experimental Medicine PhD Program, University of Modena Reggio Emilia, 41121 Modena, Italy
| | - Anna Valeria Samarelli
- Respiratory Diseases Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena Reggio Emilia, University Hospital of Modena, 41121 Modena, Italy
- Clinical and Experimental Medicine PhD Program, University of Modena Reggio Emilia, 41121 Modena, Italy
| | - Gaia Francesca Cappiello
- Respiratory Diseases Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena Reggio Emilia, University Hospital of Modena, 41121 Modena, Italy
| | - Alessandro Andreani
- Respiratory Diseases Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena Reggio Emilia, University Hospital of Modena, 41121 Modena, Italy
| | - Luca Tabbì
- Respiratory Diseases Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena Reggio Emilia, University Hospital of Modena, 41121 Modena, Italy
| | - Francesco Livrieri
- Respiratory Diseases Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena Reggio Emilia, University Hospital of Modena, 41121 Modena, Italy
| | - Annamaria Bosi
- Respiratory Diseases Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena Reggio Emilia, University Hospital of Modena, 41121 Modena, Italy
| | - Ottavia Nori
- Respiratory Diseases Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena Reggio Emilia, University Hospital of Modena, 41121 Modena, Italy
| | | | - Giulia Bruzzi
- Respiratory Diseases Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena Reggio Emilia, University Hospital of Modena, 41121 Modena, Italy
- Otolaryngology Unit, University Hospital of Modena, 41121 Modena, Italy
| | - Daniele Marchioni
- Otolaryngology Unit, University Hospital of Modena, 41121 Modena, Italy
| | - Enrico Clini
- Respiratory Diseases Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena Reggio Emilia, University Hospital of Modena, 41121 Modena, Italy
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10
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da Silva FJ, Carvalho de Azevedo J, Ralph ACL, Pinheiro JDJV, Freitas VM, Calcagno DQ. Salivary glands adenoid cystic carcinoma: a molecular profile update and potential implications. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1191218. [PMID: 37476370 PMCID: PMC10354556 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1191218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) is an aggressive tumor with a high propensity for distant metastasis and perineural invasion. This tumor is more commonly found in regions of the head and neck, mainly the salivary glands. In general, the primary treatment modality for ACC is surgical resection and, in some cases, postoperative radiotherapy. However, no effective systemic treatment is available for patients with advanced disease. Furthermore, this tumor type is characterized by recurrent molecular alterations, especially rearrangements involving the MYB, MYBL1, and NFIB genes. In addition, they also reported copy number alterations (CNAs) that impact genes. One of them is C-KIT, mutations that affect signaling pathways such as NOTCH, PI3KCA, and PTEN, as well as alterations in chromatin remodeling genes. The identification of new molecular targets enables the development of specific therapies. Despite ongoing investigations into immunotherapy, tyrosine kinase inhibitors, and anti-angiogenics, no systemic therapy is approved by the FDA for ACC. In this review, we report the genetic and cytogenetic findings on head and neck ACC, highlighting possible targets for therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Jardim da Silva
- Núcleo de Pesquisas em Oncologia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Oncologia e Ciências Médicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Juscelino Carvalho de Azevedo
- Núcleo de Pesquisas em Oncologia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Oncologia e Ciências Médicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Brazil
- Hospital Universitário João de Barros Barreto, Programa de Residência Multiprofissional em Saúde (Oncologia), Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina Lima Ralph
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Faculdade Estácio, Carapicuíba, Brazil
- Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Odontologia, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - João de Jesus Viana Pinheiro
- Laboratório de Microambiente Tumoral, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Morais Freitas
- Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Odontologia, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Danielle Queiroz Calcagno
- Núcleo de Pesquisas em Oncologia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Oncologia e Ciências Médicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Brazil
- Hospital Universitário João de Barros Barreto, Programa de Residência Multiprofissional em Saúde (Oncologia), Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Brazil
- Laboratório de Microambiente Tumoral, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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11
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Kacew AJ, Hanna GJ. Systemic and Targeted Therapies in Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma. Curr Treat Options Oncol 2023; 24:45-60. [PMID: 36637743 DOI: 10.1007/s11864-022-01043-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
OPINION STATEMENT Adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) is an often-indolent type of salivary gland cancer (SGC). A subset of patients develops progression or aggressive disease warranting systemic therapy in the recurrent/metastatic (R/M) setting. We recommend genomic testing for all patients with R/M disease to aid with prognostication and eligibility for potential experimental therapies. Here, we review the currently available treatment options (cytotoxic chemotherapies and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR)-targeting tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs)). Based on limited data, we nominate regimens which may have more favorable efficacy profiles. Among the cytotoxic chemotherapies, several regimens are acceptable when incorporating a platinum agent. Among the VEGFR-targeting TKIs, lenvatinib and axitinib are the preferred options. Larger, randomized studies prioritizing combinations with mechanistic synergism are needed. Predictive biomarkers are critical, as there is currently little evidence to guide sequencing of available options for individual patients. Immunotherapy is an available option, but has been associated with only modest benefit in ACC. We go on to review other therapies that have been studied and nominate those with promise based on early clinical data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alec J Kacew
- Pritzker School of Medicine, The University of Chicago, 924 E 57th St Suite 104, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Glenn J Hanna
- Department of Medical Oncology, Center for Head & Neck Oncology, Center for Salivary and Rare Head and Neck Cancers, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 450 Brookline Ave, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.
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12
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Li L, Wen Z, Kou N, Liu J, Jin D, Wang L, Wang F, Gao L. LIS1 interacts with CLIP170 to promote tumor growth and metastasis via the Cdc42 signaling pathway in salivary gland adenoid cystic carcinoma. Int J Oncol 2022; 61:129. [PMID: 36102310 PMCID: PMC9477107 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2022.5419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Salivary gland adenoid cystic carcinoma (SACC) is one of the most common malignant tumors, with high aggressive potential in the oral and maxillofacial regions. Lissencephaly 1 (LIS1) is a microtubule-organizing center-associated protein that regulates the polymerization and stability of microtubules by mediating the motor function of dynein. Recent studies have suggested that LIS1 plays a potential role in the malignant development of tumors, such as in mitosis and migration. However, the role of LIS1 in SACC development and its related molecular mechanisms remain unclear. Thus, the effects of LIS1 on the proliferation, apoptosis, invasion and metastasis of SACC were studied, in vivo and in vitro. The results of immunohistochemical staining showed that LIS1 was highly expressed in SACC tissues, and its expression level was associated with malignant progression. In vitro, the results of CCK-8, TUNEL, wound healing and Transwell assays demonstrated that LIS1 promotes proliferation, inhibits apoptosis, and enhances the migration and invasion of SACC-LM cells. In vivo, knockdown of LIS1 effectively suppressed the growth of subcutaneous tumors in a mouse xenograft and distant metastasis of tumor cells in the metastasis model. The co-immunoprecipitation, immunofluorescence and western blot results also revealed that LIS1 binds to cytoplasmic linker protein 170 (CLIP170) to form a protein complex (LIS1/CLIP170), which activates the cell division control protein 42 homolog (Cdc42) signaling pathway to modulate the proliferation and anti-apoptosis of tumor cells, and enhanced invasion and metastasis by regulating the formation of invadopodia and the expression of MMPs in SACC-LM cells. Therefore, the present study demonstrated that LIS1 is a cancer promoter in SACC, and the molecular mechanism of the LIS1/CLIP170/Cdc42 signaling pathway is involved in the malignant progression, which offers a promising strategy for targeted therapy of SACC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijun Li
- School of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, P.R. China
| | - Zhihao Wen
- School of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, P.R. China
| | - Ni Kou
- School of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, P.R. China
| | - Jing Liu
- School of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, P.R. China
| | - Dong Jin
- School of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, P.R. China
| | - Lina Wang
- School of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, P.R. China
| | - Fu Wang
- School of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, P.R. China
| | - Lu Gao
- School of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, P.R. China
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13
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A Contemporary Review of Molecular Therapeutic Targets for Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14040992. [PMID: 35205740 PMCID: PMC8869877 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14040992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) is a salivary malignancy known for slow growth, a propensity for perineural spread, local recurrence following resection, and indolent distant metastases. Current treatments in recurrent/metastatic (R/M) ACC are generally of limited impact and often palliative in nature. Herein, we review the preclinical and clinical literature on molecular alterations in ACC with the potential for targeted therapeutics. We further review other molecular targets of ongoing investigation and active clinical trials for patients with ACC, offering a contemporary summary and insight into future therapeutic strategies. Abstract ACC is a rare malignant tumor of the salivary glands. In this contemporary review, we explore advances in identification of targetable alterations and clinical trials testing these druggable targets. A search of relevant articles and abstracts from national meetings and three databases, including PubMed, Medline, and Web of Science, was performed. Following keyword search analysis and double peer review of abstracts to ensure appropriate fit, a total of 55 manuscripts were included in this review detailing advances in molecular targets for ACC. The most researched pathway associated with ACC is the MYB–NFIB translocation, found to lead to dysregulation of critical cellular pathways and thought to be a fundamental driver in a subset of ACC disease pathogenesis. Other notable molecular targets that have been studied include the cKIT receptor, the EGFR pathway, and NOTCH1, all with limited efficacy in clinical trials. The ongoing investigation of molecular abnormalities underpinning ACC that may be responsible for carcinogenesis is critical to identifying and developing novel targeted therapies.
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14
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Wei H, Ge Q, Zhang LY, Xie J, Gan RH, Lu YG, Zheng DL. EGCG inhibits growth of tumoral lesions on lip and tongue of K-Ras transgenic mice through the Notch pathway. J Nutr Biochem 2021; 99:108843. [PMID: 34407449 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2021.108843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), the main active ingredient of green tea, exhibits low toxic side effect and versatile bioactivities, and its anti-cancer effect has been extensively studied. Most of the studies used cancer cell lines and xenograft models. However, whether EGCG can prevent tumor onset after cancer-associated mutations occur is still controversial. In the present study, Krt14-cre/ERT-Kras transgenic mice were developed and the expression of K-RasG12D was induced by tamoxifen. Two weeks after induction, the K-Ras mutant mice developed exophytic tumoral lesions on the lips and tongues, with significant activation of Notch signaling pathway. Administration of EGCG effectively delayed the time of appearance, decreased the size and weight of tumoral lesions, relieved heterotypic hyperplasia of tumoral lesions, and prolonged the life of the mice. The Notch signaling pathway was significantly inhibited by EGCG in the tumoral lesions. Furthermore, EGCG significantly induced cell apoptosis and inhibited the proliferation of tongue cancer cells by blocking the activation of Notch signaling pathway. Taken together, these results indicate EGCG as an effective chemotherapeutic agent for tongue cancer by targeting Notch pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Wei
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Fujian Biological Materials Engineering and Technology Center of Stomatology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China; Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Qi Ge
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Fujian Biological Materials Engineering and Technology Center of Stomatology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China; Department of Preventive Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ling-Yu Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jing Xie
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Fujian Biological Materials Engineering and Technology Center of Stomatology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China; Department of Preventive Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Rui-Huan Gan
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Fujian Biological Materials Engineering and Technology Center of Stomatology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China; Department of Preventive Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - You-Guang Lu
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Fujian Biological Materials Engineering and Technology Center of Stomatology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China; Department of Preventive Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.
| | - Da-Li Zheng
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Fujian Biological Materials Engineering and Technology Center of Stomatology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.
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15
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Abstract
Despite aggressive initial interventions, recurrent/metastatic salivary gland cancer is not uncommon. Standard chemotherapy has not been shown to have durable clinical benefits. Several potential molecular markers have been identified in different histologic subtypes of salivary cancers. The objective of this review is to highlight the molecular markers that have been targeted in clinical trials for salivary gland cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine C Wai
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of California San Francisco 550 16th Street, 6th floor, UCSF Box 3213, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Hyunseok Kang
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University of California San Francisco, 1825 4th Street, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Patrick K Ha
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of California San Francisco 550 16th Street, 6th floor, UCSF Box 3213, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.
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16
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Li Z, Zhang Q, Su H, Li HY, Cao G, Xu JK, Wang JL, Niu CZ, Zhang F, Yang J, Chen W. miR-5191 acts as a tumor suppressor in salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma by targeting Notch-2. Oral Dis 2021; 28:1871-1881. [PMID: 33694237 DOI: 10.1111/odi.13841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study sought to investigate the effect of miR-5191 on proliferation, invasion and metastasis in salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma (SACC). MATERIALS AND METHODS The differential expression level of miR-5191 between 5 primary tumor and adjacent non-neoplastic samples, and in two SACC cell lines was detected by quantitative real-time PCR. Cell proliferation, invasion, and migration were performed, followed by luciferase reporter assay and western analysis. The effect of miR-5191 on cell proliferation and apoptosis was evaluated by cell growth and apoptosis assay. The function of miR-5191 in SACC tumorigenesis and metastasis in vivo was investigated by nude mice experiment. The associations between miR-5191/Notch-2 expression and clinicopathological features were analyzed. RESULTS miR-5191 was downregulated in primary tumor tissues and SACC-LM cells. By targeting Notch-2, miR-5191 expression level affected the migration, invasion, and proliferation of SACC cells. Overexpression of miR-5191 inhibited the expression levels of Notch-2, followed by the decreased expression of c-Myc, Bcl-2, Hes-1, Hey-1, and Cyclin D1. In vivo, miR-5191 overexpression suppressed the SACC tumorigenesis and pulmonary metastasis in mice. In SACC patients, higher expression of miR-5191 was related to better prognoses and lower possibility of metastasis. CONCLUSIONS miR-5191 acts as a tumor suppressor in SACC by targeting Notch-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Li
- Department of Stomatology, Jinling Hospital, Jinling Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Han Su
- Department of Stomatology, Jinling Hospital, Jinling Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hu-Yue Li
- Faculty of Computer Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Gang Cao
- Department of Stomatology, Jinling Hospital, Jinling Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jin-Ke Xu
- Department of Stomatology, Jinling Hospital, Jinling Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jun-Lan Wang
- Department of Stomatology, Jinling Hospital, Jinling Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chun-Zi Niu
- Department of Stomatology, Jinling Hospital, Jinling Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Feimin Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, Department of Prosthodontics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jian Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Stomatology, Jinling Hospital, Jinling Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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17
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Adenoid cystic carcinoma: a review of clinical features, treatment targets and advances in improving the immune response to monoclonal antibody therapy. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2021; 1875:188523. [PMID: 33600823 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2021.188523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The natural history of adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) is relentless, defined by treatment failure heralded by locoregional recurrence and distant metastatic disease. In this review, we present an update of clinical features, molecular classification, current targeted therapies, immune landscapes and novel treatment targets with their respective clinical trials. The presented results are defined by a lack of overall response rate and limited progression free survival, with restriction to stable disease. In addition, ACC is resistant to immune checkpoint inhibition due to low tumour immunogenicity and lack of PD-L1 expression. Here we present a new prospective research paradigm for ACC, including the potential to target prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA) and the potential for manipulation of target receptors in the clinic. The presentation of this review aims to promote future research to improve response rates and outcomes for therapeutics undergoing clinical trial in ACC.
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18
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Nithiyanantham S, Arumugam S, Hsu HT, Chung CM, Lee CP, Tsai MH, Yeh KT, Luo SY, Ko YC. Arecoline N-oxide initiates oral carcinogenesis and arecoline N-oxide mercapturic acid attenuates the cancer risk. Life Sci 2021; 271:119156. [PMID: 33548289 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Arecoline N-oxide (ANO), an oxidative metabolite of the areca nut, is a predictable initiator in carcinogenesis. The mechanisms of arecoline metabolites in human cancer specimens is still limited. This present study aims to estimate the oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) inductive activity between arecoline metabolites in human cancer specimens/OSCC cells. We have collected 22 pairs (tumor and non-tumor part) of patient's specimens and checked for clinical characteristics. The identification of arecoline and its metabolites levels by using LC-MS/MS. The NOD/SCID mice model was used to check the OSCC inductive activity. The tumor part of OSCC samples exhibited higher levels of arecoline and ANO. Besides, ANO treated mice accelerates the NOTCH1, IL-17a and IL-1β expressions compared to the control mice. ANO exhibited higher cytotoxicity, intracellular ROS levels and decline in antioxidant enzyme levels in OC-3 cells. The protein expression of NOTCH1 and proliferation marker levels are significantly lower in NOM treated cells. Overall, ANO induced initial stage carcinogenesis in the oral cavity via inflammation, ROS and depletion of antioxidant enzymes. Arecoline N-oxide mercapturic acid (NOM) attenuates the initiation of oral carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srinivasan Nithiyanantham
- Environment-Omics-Disease Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Sankar Arumugam
- Department of Chemistry, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Ting Hsu
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Min Chung
- Environment-Omics-Disease Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Pin Lee
- Environment-Omics-Disease Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Hsui Tsai
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Kun-Tu Yeh
- Department of Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Shun-Yuan Luo
- Department of Chemistry, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Chin Ko
- Environment-Omics-Disease Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
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19
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Han J, Han N, Xu Z, Zhang C, Liu J, Ruan M. Expression profile of circular RNA and construction of circular RNA-Micro RNA network in salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:28. [PMID: 33413420 PMCID: PMC7792316 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-020-01681-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Circular RNAs (circRNAs) is a newly discovered type of non-coding RNA, the abnormal expression of which has been demonstrated in many types of human tumors. So they have been considered as promising candidates as diagnostic and therapeutic targets in cancer. This research aimed to screen the profile of circRNA expression in salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma (SACC). METHODS Using the threshold of FDR < 0.05 and fold change > 2 or < 0.5, 5 up-regulated and 26 down-regulated circRNAs were identified. The reliability of sequencing was verified by the expression detection of randomly selected circRNAs via qRT-PCR. RESULTS Moreover, the circRNA-miRNA system was established by bioinformatics approaches and successfully identified an interaction between circRNA ABCA13 and a cancer-related miRNA (miR-138-5p), which was also verified by qRT-PCR. Moreover, the predicted molecular interaction proved that circRNA ABCA13 may promote SACC through inhibition of miR-138-5p. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, this study has offered the first report about the circRNA expression profile and circRNA-miRNA network in SACC. All of the above could benefit the exploration of novel therapeutic target in SACC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Han
- Departments of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhi Zao Ju Road, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China
| | - Nannan Han
- Departments of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhi Zao Ju Road, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhimin Xu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Chunye Zhang
- Department of Oral Pathology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Jiannan Liu
- Departments of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhi Zao Ju Road, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China.
| | - Min Ruan
- Departments of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhi Zao Ju Road, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China.
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20
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Gan RH, Lin LS, Zheng DP, Zhao Y, Ding LC, Zheng DL, Lu YG. High expression of Notch2 drives tongue squamous cell carcinoma carcinogenesis. Exp Cell Res 2020; 399:112452. [PMID: 33382997 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2020.112452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC) is one of the most common cancers in the oral cavity. Notch signaling is frequently dysregulated in cancer. However, the role of Notch2 in TSCC is not well understood. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of abnormal expression of Notch2 in TSCC. The expression of Notch2 was tested in 47 pairs of tissues from tongue cancer and normal samples by using immunohistochemical staining. Tongue cancer cells were transfected with siRNA or plasmid. The proliferation of the cells was tested by the CCK8 assay and colony formation assay. Subcutaneous tumor model was established to observe tumor growth. Transwell assay was used to detect the changes of cell migration and invasion ability. A humanized anti-Notch2 antibody was used to TSCC cells. We found that Notch2 was upregulated in tongue carcinoma tissues. Knocking down the expression of Notch2 by siRNA in the TSCC cell lines decreased proliferation ability both in vitro and in vivo. In addition, migration and invasion abilities were inhibited by knockdown of Notch2 in the TSCC cells. However, overexpression of Notch2 increased tongue cancer cell proliferation, invasion and migration. The humanized anti-Notch2 antibody inhibited TSCC cell growth. The results indicated that Notch2 is an oncogene in tongue squamous cell carcinoma and may become the target of a new approach for treating TSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui-Huan Gan
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Fujian Medical University, 246 Yang Qiao Middle Road, Fuzhou, 350000, China; Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Environment Factors and Cancer, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, 1 Xue Yuan Road, University Town, Fuzhou, 350122, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, 88 Jiaotong Rd, Fuzhou, 350004, China
| | - Li-Song Lin
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated First Hospital of Fujian Medical University, 20 Cha Zhong Road, Fuzhou, 350000, China
| | - Dan-Ping Zheng
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Fujian Medical University, 246 Yang Qiao Middle Road, Fuzhou, 350000, China; Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, 1 Xue Yuan Road, Shang Jie Town, Min Hou County, Fuzhou, 350000, China
| | - Yong Zhao
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Fujian Medical University, 246 Yang Qiao Middle Road, Fuzhou, 350000, China
| | - Lin-Can Ding
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Fujian Medical University, 246 Yang Qiao Middle Road, Fuzhou, 350000, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, 88 Jiaotong Rd, Fuzhou, 350004, China
| | - Da-Li Zheng
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, 88 Jiaotong Rd, Fuzhou, 350004, China.
| | - You-Guang Lu
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Fujian Medical University, 246 Yang Qiao Middle Road, Fuzhou, 350000, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, 88 Jiaotong Rd, Fuzhou, 350004, China.
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21
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Guo P, Li H, Chen L, Wang DP, Luo Y, Xu J. Genetically modified endothelial progenitor cells with hNotch1.ICN overexpression display facilitated angiogenesis. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2020; 8:1316. [PMID: 33209896 PMCID: PMC7661891 DOI: 10.21037/atm-20-6362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Background This study focused on hNotch1.ICN overexpression and investigated how it affects the biological behavior of endothelial progenitor cells (EPC) in vitro. Methods CCK 8 assay was used to evaluate overexpressed hNotch1.ICN to determine how to influence EPCs’ survivability. The Annexin V/PI method was used to detect overexpressed hNotch1.ICN and to influence EPC apoptosis. A flow cytometry instrument was used to assess the overexpression of hNotch1.ICN and determine how to influence the EPC cell cycle. Transwell was used to investigate how overexpressed hNotch1.ICN EPCs migrate using their endothelial ability and adhesive ability with activated endothelial cells and angiogenesis ability. After lentivirus gene transfection, qPCR and Western blot were used to detect a notch signaling pathway downstream of the signaling molecules Hes 1 and Hey 1 mRNA and protein expression. The role of the Notch.1 intracellular domain as a candidate EPC regulator with its differential expression and Hes 1 and Hey 1 expression of Notch downstream signaling molecules in separate groups was analyzed. Results A detailed analysis revealed an over-expressed hNotch1.ICN gene had no significant effect on canine EPC growth, strengthened EPC antiapoptotic ability, increased numbers of EPCs that underwent cell cycle arrest in the G2 phase, inhibited EPCs differentiation, and enhanced Hes 1 and Hey 1 expression. Moreover, an over-expressed hNotch1 ICN gene promotes EPCs to migrate across ECs, promotes EPCs to adhere to activating endothelial cells, and induces angiogenesis in vitro. Conclusions Over-expressed hNotch1.ICN onto EPCs could be used as a potential candidate to treat many ischemic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Guo
- Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Institute of Cancer Prevention and Treatment of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, China
| | - Hua Li
- College of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Lin Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Duo-Ping Wang
- Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Institute of Cancer Prevention and Treatment of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, China
| | - Ying Luo
- College of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Jian Xu
- Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Institute of Cancer Prevention and Treatment of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, China
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Barcellini A, Gadducci A, Laliscia C, Imparato S, Vitolo V, Preda L, Valvo F. Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma of Bartholin's Gland: What Is the Best Approach? Oncology 2020; 98:513-519. [PMID: 32408297 DOI: 10.1159/000506485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Background and summary: Among all vulvar cancers, primary adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) of Bartholin's gland is a very rare tumor characterized by a slow growth, a high local aggressiveness, and a remarkable recurrence rate. Due to its rarity, treatment remains a challenge for oncologists and gynecological surgeons. Key message: The present paper reports clinical, radiological, and histological features of ACC of Bartholin's gland and reviews the literature data on the treatment options with a particular focus on the potential role of particle radiation therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amelia Barcellini
- National Center of Oncological Hadrontherapy (Fondazione CNAO), Pavia, Italy,
| | - Angiolo Gadducci
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Concetta Laliscia
- Department of Translational Medicine, Division of Radiation Oncology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Sara Imparato
- National Center of Oncological Hadrontherapy (Fondazione CNAO), Pavia, Italy
| | - Viviana Vitolo
- National Center of Oncological Hadrontherapy (Fondazione CNAO), Pavia, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Preda
- National Center of Oncological Hadrontherapy (Fondazione CNAO), Pavia, Italy.,Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Francesca Valvo
- National Center of Oncological Hadrontherapy (Fondazione CNAO), Pavia, Italy
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Xie J, Lin LS, Huang XY, Gan RH, Ding LC, Su BH, Zhao Y, Lu YG, Zheng DL. The NOTCH1-HEY1 pathway regulates self-renewal and epithelial-mesenchymal transition of salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma cells. Int J Biol Sci 2020; 16:598-610. [PMID: 32025208 PMCID: PMC6990919 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.36407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Our previous study demonstrated a close relationship between the NOTCH signaling pathway and salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma (SACC). Its receptor gene, NOTCH1, and its downstream gene, HES1, contribute to the proliferation, invasion and metastasis of SACC. Accumulating evidence supports HEY1 as another effector of the signaling pathway. The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of the NOTCH1-HEY1 pathway on the proliferation, invasion and metastasis of SACC cells. Our results verified that HEY1 is a specific molecular target of the NOTCH signaling pathway in SACC cells and that its expression in carcinoma is much higher than that in paracarcinoma tissues. The expression of NOTCH1 and HEY1 are positively correlated in the salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma tissues. NOTCH1 is significantly related to the activation of HEY1 in SACC, and that HEY1 reciprocally regulates NOTCH1 expression in SACC. HEY1 promotes cell proliferation and spheroid formation and inhibits cell apoptosis in vitro. In addition, HEY1 enhances the tumorigenicity of SACC in vivo. Furthermore, HEY1 increases cell invasion and metastasis by driving the expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related genes and MMPs. The results of this study indicate that the NOTCH1-HEY1 pathway is specifically upregulated in SACC and promotes cell proliferation, self-renewal, invasion, metastasis and the expression of EMT-related genes and MMPs. Our findings suggest that a NOTCH1-HEY1 pathway inhibitor might therefore have potential therapeutic applications in treating SACC patients by inhibiting cancer cell growth and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Xie
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, 246 Yang Qiao Middle Road, Fuzhou 350000, China.,Key laboratory of Stomatology of Fujian Province, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, 88 Jiaotong Rd, Fuzhou 350004, China.,Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, 1 Xue Yuan Road, University Town, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Li-Song Lin
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated First Hospital of Fujian Medical University, 20 Cha Zhong Road, Fuzhou 350005, China
| | - Xiao-Yu Huang
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, 246 Yang Qiao Middle Road, Fuzhou 350000, China.,Key laboratory of Stomatology of Fujian Province, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, 88 Jiaotong Rd, Fuzhou 350004, China.,Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, 1 Xue Yuan Road, University Town, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Rui-Huan Gan
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, 246 Yang Qiao Middle Road, Fuzhou 350000, China.,Key laboratory of Stomatology of Fujian Province, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, 88 Jiaotong Rd, Fuzhou 350004, China
| | - Lin-Can Ding
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, 246 Yang Qiao Middle Road, Fuzhou 350000, China
| | - Bo-Hua Su
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, 246 Yang Qiao Middle Road, Fuzhou 350000, China
| | - Yong Zhao
- Key laboratory of Stomatology of Fujian Province, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, 88 Jiaotong Rd, Fuzhou 350004, China.,Department of pathology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, 246 Yang Qiao Middle Road, Fuzhou 350000, China
| | - You-Guang Lu
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, 246 Yang Qiao Middle Road, Fuzhou 350000, China.,Key laboratory of Stomatology of Fujian Province, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, 88 Jiaotong Rd, Fuzhou 350004, China
| | - Da-Li Zheng
- Key laboratory of Stomatology of Fujian Province, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, 88 Jiaotong Rd, Fuzhou 350004, China
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25
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Safety and clinical activity of the Notch inhibitor, crenigacestat (LY3039478), in an open-label phase I trial expansion cohort of advanced or metastatic adenoid cystic carcinoma. Invest New Drugs 2019; 38:402-409. [PMID: 30953269 PMCID: PMC7066312 DOI: 10.1007/s10637-019-00739-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Background Deregulated Notch signaling is implicated in multiple cancers. The phase I trial (I6F-MC-JJCA) investigated the safety and anti-tumor activity of crenigacestat (LY3039478), a selective oral Notch inhibitor, in an expansion cohort of patients with adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) who received the dose-escalation-recommended phase 2 dose (RP2D), established previously (Massard C, et al., Annals Oncol 2018, 29:1911-17). Methods Patients with advanced or metastatic cancer, measurable disease, ECOG-PS ≤1, and baseline tumor tissue were enrolled. Primary objectives were to identify a safe RP2D, confirm this dose in expansion cohorts, and document anti-tumor activity. Secondary objectives included safety and progression-free survival (PFS). The ACC expansion cohort received the RP2D regimen of 50 mg crenigacestat thrice per week in a 28-day cycle until disease progression or other discontinuation criteria were met. Results Twenty-two patients with ACC were enrolled in the expansion cohort (median age of 60 years). Median treatment duration was 3 cycles with 6 patients remaining on treatment. There were no objective responses; 1 (5%) patient had an unconfirmed partial response. Disease control rate was 73% and 4 patients had stable disease ≥6 months. Median PFS was 5.3 months (95%CI: 2.4-NE)) for the 22 patients; and 7.7 months (95%CI: 4.0-NR) and 2.4 months (95%CI: 1.1-NE) in the subgroup of patients in second-line (n = 7) or ≥ third-line (n = 9), respectively. Frequent treatment-related-adverse events (all grades) included diarrhea, fatigue, vomiting, decreased appetite, dry mouth, and dry skin. There were no new safety signals. Conclusion The crenigacestat RP2D regimen induced manageable toxicity and limited clinical activity, without confirmed responses, in heavily pretreated patients with ACC.
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26
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Liu C, Li S, Pang F, Wu H, Chai L, Liang C, Zhang D. Autophagy‐related gene expression regulated by HIF‐1α in salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma. Oral Dis 2019; 25:1076-1083. [PMID: 30746817 DOI: 10.1111/odi.13058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Revised: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Liu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University Jinan China
- Department of Oromaxillofacial Head and Neck Oncology Shanghai Ninth People’s HospitalCollege of Stomatology Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China
| | - Shengfeng Li
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University Jinan China
| | - Fawei Pang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University Jinan China
| | - Haiwei Wu
- Department of Oromaxillofacial Head and Neck Oncology Shanghai Ninth People’s HospitalCollege of Stomatology Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China
| | - Li Chai
- Hospital of JIER Machine‐Tool Group Co Ltd, Jinan China
| | - Cheng Liang
- School of Information Science and Engineering Shandong Normal University Jinan China
| | - Dongsheng Zhang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University Jinan China
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27
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Huang XY, Gan RH, Xie J, She L, Zhao Y, Ding LC, Su BH, Zheng DL, Lu YG. The oncogenic effects of HES1 on salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma cell growth and metastasis. BMC Cancer 2018; 18:436. [PMID: 29665790 PMCID: PMC5904989 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-018-4350-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 04/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Our previous study demonstrated a close relationship between NOTCH signaling pathway and salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma (SACC). HES1 is a well-known target gene of NOTCH signaling pathway. The purpose of the present study was to further explore the molecular mechanism of HES1 in SACC. Methods Comparative transcriptome analyses by RNA-Sequencing (RNA-Seq) were employed to reveal NOTCH1 downstream gene in SACC cells. Immunohistochemical staining was used to detect the expression of HES1 in clinical samples. After HES1-siRNA transfected into SACC LM cells, the cell proliferation and cell apoptosis were tested by suitable methods; animal model was established to detect the change of growth ability of tumor. Transwell and wound healing assays were used to evaluate cell metastasis and invasion. Results We found that HES1 was strongly linked to NOTCH signaling pathway in SACC cells. The immunohistochemical results implied the high expression of HES1 in cancerous tissues. The growth of SACC LM cells transfected with HES1-siRNAs was significantly suppressed in vitro and tumorigenicity in vivo by inducing cell apoptosis. After HES1 expression was silenced, the SACC LM cell metastasis and invasion ability was suppressed. Conclusions The results of this study demonstrate that HES1 is a specific downstream gene of NOTCH1 and that it contributes to SACC proliferation, apoptosis and metastasis. Our findings serve as evidence indicating that HES1 may be useful as a clinical target in the treatment of SACC. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12885-018-4350-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yu Huang
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Fujian Medical University, 246 Yang Qiao Middle Road, Fuzhou, 350002, China.,Key laboratory of stomatology, School of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, 88 Jiao Tong Road, Fuzhou, 350004, China
| | - Rui-Huan Gan
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Fujian Medical University, 246 Yang Qiao Middle Road, Fuzhou, 350002, China.,Key laboratory of stomatology, School of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, 88 Jiao Tong Road, Fuzhou, 350004, China
| | - Jian Xie
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Fujian Medical University, 246 Yang Qiao Middle Road, Fuzhou, 350002, China.,Key laboratory of stomatology, School of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, 88 Jiao Tong Road, Fuzhou, 350004, China
| | - Lin She
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Fujian Medical University, 246 Yang Qiao Middle Road, Fuzhou, 350002, China.,Key laboratory of stomatology, School of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, 88 Jiao Tong Road, Fuzhou, 350004, China
| | - Yong Zhao
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Fujian Medical University, 246 Yang Qiao Middle Road, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Lin-Can Ding
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Fujian Medical University, 246 Yang Qiao Middle Road, Fuzhou, 350002, China.,Key laboratory of stomatology, School of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, 88 Jiao Tong Road, Fuzhou, 350004, China
| | - Bo-Hua Su
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Fujian Medical University, 246 Yang Qiao Middle Road, Fuzhou, 350002, China.,Key laboratory of stomatology, School of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, 88 Jiao Tong Road, Fuzhou, 350004, China
| | - Da-Li Zheng
- Key laboratory of stomatology, School of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, 88 Jiao Tong Road, Fuzhou, 350004, China.
| | - You-Guang Lu
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Fujian Medical University, 246 Yang Qiao Middle Road, Fuzhou, 350002, China. .,Key laboratory of stomatology, School of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, 88 Jiao Tong Road, Fuzhou, 350004, China.
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28
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Chahal M, Pleasance E, Grewal J, Zhao E, Ng T, Chapman E, Jones MR, Shen Y, Mungall KL, Bonakdar M, Taylor GA, Ma Y, Mungall AJ, Moore RA, Lim H, Renouf D, Yip S, Jones SJM, Marra MA, Laskin J. Personalized oncogenomic analysis of metastatic adenoid cystic carcinoma: using whole-genome sequencing to inform clinical decision-making. Cold Spring Harb Mol Case Stud 2018; 4:mcs.a002626. [PMID: 29610392 PMCID: PMC5880267 DOI: 10.1101/mcs.a002626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastatic adenoid cystic carcinomas (ACCs) can cause significant morbidity and mortality. Because of their slow growth and relative rarity, there is limited evidence for systemic therapy regimens. Recently, molecular profiling studies have begun to reveal the genetic landscape of these poorly understood cancers, and new treatment possibilities are beginning to emerge. The objective is to use whole-genome and transcriptome sequencing and analysis to better understand the genetic alterations underlying the pathology of metastatic and rare ACCs and determine potentially actionable therapeutic targets. We report five cases of metastatic ACC, not originating in the salivary glands, in patients enrolled in the Personalized Oncogenomics (POG) Program at the BC Cancer Agency. Genomic workup included whole-genome and transcriptome sequencing, detailed analysis of tumor alterations, and integration with existing knowledge of drug–target combinations to identify potential therapeutic targets. Analysis reveals low mutational burden in these five ACC cases, and mutation signatures that are commonly observed in multiple cancer types. Notably, the only recurrent structural aberration identified was the well-described MYB-NFIB fusion that was present in four of five cases, and one case exhibited a closely related MYBL1-NFIB fusion. Recurrent mutations were also identified in BAP1 and BCOR, with additional mutations in individual samples affecting NOTCH1 and the epigenetic regulators ARID2, SMARCA2, and SMARCB1. Copy changes were rare, and they included amplification of MYC and homozygous loss of CDKN2A in individual samples. Genomic analysis revealed therapeutic targets in all five cases and served to inform a therapeutic choice in three of the cases to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manik Chahal
- Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Erin Pleasance
- British Columbia Cancer Agency, Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 4E6, Canada
| | - Jasleen Grewal
- British Columbia Cancer Agency, Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 4E6, Canada
| | - Eric Zhao
- British Columbia Cancer Agency, Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 4E6, Canada
| | - Tony Ng
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Erin Chapman
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Martin R Jones
- British Columbia Cancer Agency, Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 4E6, Canada
| | - Yaoqing Shen
- British Columbia Cancer Agency, Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 4E6, Canada
| | - Karen L Mungall
- British Columbia Cancer Agency, Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 4E6, Canada
| | - Melika Bonakdar
- British Columbia Cancer Agency, Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 4E6, Canada
| | - Gregory A Taylor
- British Columbia Cancer Agency, Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 4E6, Canada
| | - Yussanne Ma
- British Columbia Cancer Agency, Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 4E6, Canada
| | - Andrew J Mungall
- British Columbia Cancer Agency, Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 4E6, Canada
| | - Richard A Moore
- British Columbia Cancer Agency, Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 4E6, Canada
| | - Howard Lim
- British Columbia Cancer Agency, Division of Medical Oncology, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 4E6, Canada
| | - Daniel Renouf
- British Columbia Cancer Agency, Division of Medical Oncology, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 4E6, Canada
| | - Stephen Yip
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Steven J M Jones
- British Columbia Cancer Agency, Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 4E6, Canada.,Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada.,Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Marco A Marra
- British Columbia Cancer Agency, Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 4E6, Canada.,Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Janessa Laskin
- British Columbia Cancer Agency, Division of Medical Oncology, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 4E6, Canada
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Yan K, Yesensky J, Hasina R, Agrawal N. Genomics of mucoepidermoid and adenoid cystic carcinomas. Laryngoscope Investig Otolaryngol 2018; 3:56-61. [PMID: 29492469 PMCID: PMC5824110 DOI: 10.1002/lio2.139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2017] [Accepted: 01/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To report on the current state of the literature on the genetics of mucoepidermoid and adenoid cystic carcinomas of the salivary glands with a focus on genomic screens and recently discovered genetic translocations. Methods A PubMed based literature review was performed to query for genetics related basic science and preclinical studies about mucoepidermoid and adenoid cystic carcinomas of the salivary glands. Results and conclusions Genetic translocations between CRTC1 and MAML2 in mucoepidermoid carcinoma and between MYB and NFIB in adenoid cystic carcinoma have been recently discovered and have therapeutic implications. Key signaling pathways such as the EGFR pathway in mucoepidermoid carcinoma and the Notch pathway, chromatin regulation, and c‐kit mediated epithelial‐mesenchymal transitions in adenoid cystic carcinoma have recently been elucidated, pointing to possible therapeutic targets in both cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth Yan
- Section of Otolaryngology, Department of Surgery University of Chicago School of Medicine Chicago Illinois
| | - Jessica Yesensky
- Section of Otolaryngology, Department of Surgery University of Chicago School of Medicine Chicago Illinois
| | - Rifat Hasina
- Section of Otolaryngology, Department of Surgery University of Chicago School of Medicine Chicago Illinois
| | - Nishant Agrawal
- Section of Otolaryngology, Department of Surgery University of Chicago School of Medicine Chicago Illinois
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30
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Anti-cancer effects of curcumin on lung cancer through the inhibition of EZH2 and NOTCH1. Oncotarget 2018; 7:26535-50. [PMID: 27049834 PMCID: PMC5041997 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2015] [Accepted: 03/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Curcumin is potentially therapeutic for malignant diseases. The mechanisms of this effect might involve a combination of antioxidant, immunomodulatory, proapoptotic, and antiangiogenic activities. However, the exact mechanisms are not fully understood. In the present study, we provided evidences that curcumin suppressed the expression of enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) in lung cancer cells both transcriptionally and post-transcriptionally. Curcumin inhibited the expression of EZH2 through microRNA (miR)-let 7c and miR-101. Curcumin decreased the expression of NOTCH1 through the inhibition of EZH2. There was a reciprocal regulation between EZH2 and NOTCH1 in lung cancer cells. These observations suggest that curcumin inhibits lung cancer growth and metastasis at least partly through the inhibition of EZH2 and NOTCH1.
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31
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Frerich CA, Brayer KJ, Painter BM, Kang H, Mitani Y, El-Naggar AK, Ness SA. Transcriptomes define distinct subgroups of salivary gland adenoid cystic carcinoma with different driver mutations and outcomes. Oncotarget 2017; 9:7341-7358. [PMID: 29484115 PMCID: PMC5800907 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.23641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2017] [Accepted: 12/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The relative rarity of salivary gland adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) and its slow growing yet aggressive nature has complicated the development of molecular markers for patient stratification. To analyze molecular differences linked to the protracted disease course of ACC and metastases that form 5 or more years after diagnosis, detailed RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) analysis was performed on 68 ACC tumor samples, starting with archived, formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) samples up to 25 years old, so that clinical outcomes were available. A statistical peak-finding approach was used to classify the tumors that expressed MYB or MYBL1, which had overlapping gene expression signatures, from a group that expressed neither oncogene and displayed a unique phenotype. Expression of MYB or MYBL1 was closely correlated to the expression of the SOX4 and EN1 genes, suggesting that they are direct targets of Myb proteins in ACC tumors. Unsupervised hierarchical clustering identified a subgroup of approximately 20% of patients with exceptionally poor overall survival (median less than 30 months) and a unique gene expression signature resembling embryonic stem cells. The results provide a strategy for stratifying ACC patients and identifying the high-risk, poor-outcome group that are candidates for personalized therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Candace A Frerich
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Kathryn J Brayer
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA.,University of New Mexico Comprehensive Cancer Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Brandon M Painter
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Huining Kang
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Yoshitsugu Mitani
- Head and Neck Pathology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Adel K El-Naggar
- Head and Neck Pathology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Scott A Ness
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA.,University of New Mexico Comprehensive Cancer Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA
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Gan RH, Wei H, Xie J, Zheng DP, Luo EL, Huang XY, Xie J, Zhao Y, Ding LC, Su BH, Lin LS, Zheng DL, Lu YG. Notch1 regulates tongue cancer cells proliferation, apoptosis and invasion. Cell Cycle 2017; 17:216-224. [PMID: 29117785 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2017.1395534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Notch1 regulates tumor biology in a complex, context-dependent manner. The roles of Notch1 in tongue cancer are still controversial. The aim of this study is to investigate the roles of Notch1 in tongue cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS The expression of Notch1 was tested between tongue cancer and normal samples by using immunohistochemistry. Tongue cancer cells were transfected with siRNA or plasmid, respectively. Cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration and invasion ability were tested in appropriate ways. The subcutaneous tumor model was established to observe the tumor growth. RESULTS Notch1 was upregulated in tongue carcinoma tissues and the expression of Notch1 was related with tumor stage and differentiation. Overexpression of Notch1 could increase tongue cancer cells proliferation, invasion and migration. But inhibited the expression of Notch1 could decrease cells proliferation, invasion and migration and promote cell apoptosis in vitro and in vivo. CONCLUSION Our results prove that the oncogenic role of Notch1 in tongue cancer and provide the direction of targeted therapy of tongue cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui-Huan Gan
- a Department of Preventive Dentistry , Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Fujian Medical University , 246 Yang Qiao Middle Road, Fuzhou 350000 , China.,b Key laboratory of stomatology , Fujian Province University , 88 Jiao Tong Road, Fuzhou 350004 , China
| | - Hua Wei
- c The School of Basic Medical Science , Fujian Medical University , 1 Xue Yuan Road, Shang Jie Town, Min Hou County, Fuzhou 350000 , China
| | - Jing Xie
- a Department of Preventive Dentistry , Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Fujian Medical University , 246 Yang Qiao Middle Road, Fuzhou 350000 , China.,b Key laboratory of stomatology , Fujian Province University , 88 Jiao Tong Road, Fuzhou 350004 , China
| | - Dan-Ping Zheng
- a Department of Preventive Dentistry , Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Fujian Medical University , 246 Yang Qiao Middle Road, Fuzhou 350000 , China.,b Key laboratory of stomatology , Fujian Province University , 88 Jiao Tong Road, Fuzhou 350004 , China
| | - Er-Ling Luo
- a Department of Preventive Dentistry , Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Fujian Medical University , 246 Yang Qiao Middle Road, Fuzhou 350000 , China.,b Key laboratory of stomatology , Fujian Province University , 88 Jiao Tong Road, Fuzhou 350004 , China
| | - Xiao-Yu Huang
- a Department of Preventive Dentistry , Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Fujian Medical University , 246 Yang Qiao Middle Road, Fuzhou 350000 , China.,b Key laboratory of stomatology , Fujian Province University , 88 Jiao Tong Road, Fuzhou 350004 , China
| | - Jian Xie
- a Department of Preventive Dentistry , Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Fujian Medical University , 246 Yang Qiao Middle Road, Fuzhou 350000 , China.,b Key laboratory of stomatology , Fujian Province University , 88 Jiao Tong Road, Fuzhou 350004 , China
| | - Yong Zhao
- b Key laboratory of stomatology , Fujian Province University , 88 Jiao Tong Road, Fuzhou 350004 , China.,d Department of Pathology , Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Fujian Medical University , 246 Yang Qiao Middle Road, Fuzhou 350000 , China
| | - Lin-Can Ding
- a Department of Preventive Dentistry , Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Fujian Medical University , 246 Yang Qiao Middle Road, Fuzhou 350000 , China.,b Key laboratory of stomatology , Fujian Province University , 88 Jiao Tong Road, Fuzhou 350004 , China
| | - Bo-Hua Su
- a Department of Preventive Dentistry , Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Fujian Medical University , 246 Yang Qiao Middle Road, Fuzhou 350000 , China.,b Key laboratory of stomatology , Fujian Province University , 88 Jiao Tong Road, Fuzhou 350004 , China
| | - Li-Song Lin
- e Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery , Affiliated First Hospital of Fujian Medical University , 20 Cha Zhong Road, Fuzhou 350000 , China
| | - Da-Li Zheng
- f Department of Molecular Medicine , University of South Florida , 19202 Bruce B Downs Blvd, Tampa , FL 33613 , United States
| | - You-Guang Lu
- a Department of Preventive Dentistry , Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Fujian Medical University , 246 Yang Qiao Middle Road, Fuzhou 350000 , China.,b Key laboratory of stomatology , Fujian Province University , 88 Jiao Tong Road, Fuzhou 350004 , China
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Hu XM, Lin T, Huang XY, Gan RH, Zhao Y, Feng Y, Ding LC, Su BH, Zheng DL, Lu YG. ID1 contributes to cell growth invasion and migration in salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma. Mol Med Rep 2017; 16:8907-8915. [PMID: 29039489 PMCID: PMC5779972 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.7744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2017] [Accepted: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have reported that inhibitor of DNA binding 1 (ID1) exerts an oncogenic role in a number of tumors. In the present study, the role of ID1 in the growth, invasion and migration of salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma (SACC) cells was investigated. ID1 expression in clinical SACC samples was compared with that in normal salivary tissues using immunohistochemical staining, and the correlation between ID1 expression and clinical pathological characteristics was then determined. Subsequently, ID1 was overexpressed or silenced to investigate the effects of ID1 expression on SACC cell proliferation, invasion and migration. In addition, the gene expression levels of known ID1 target genes, including S100A9, CDKN2A and matrix metalloproteinase 1 (MMP1) was measured using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction to elucidate the potential mechanisms of ID1 in SACC. The results of the present study indicated that the protein expression levels of ID1 were significantly increased in the SACC tissues compared with that in the normal salivary tissues (P<0.001), and a positive correlation between ID1 expression and tumor stage (P=0.001), tumor invasion (P=0.002) and metastasis (P=0.019) in SACC was observed. Knockdown of ID1 in SACC cells significantly inhibited cell growth, invasion and migration (all P<0.01), whereas overexpression of ID1 promoted cell proliferation, invasion and migration (all P<0.01). The gene expression level of MMP1 was significantly reduced following ID1 knockdown in SACC-83 cells when compared with negative controls (P<0.05), whereas S100A9 and CDKN2A expression levels were significantly upregulated (both P<0.05). The results suggest that ID1 may regulate the growth, invasion and migration of SACC cells, and that MMP1, S100A9 and CDKN2A may serve as target genes of ID1 and mediate the effects of ID1 in SACC cells. Therefore, ID1 may present a potential target gene for the treatment of patients with SACC to inhibit cancer cell growth and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Meng Hu
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, P.R. China
| | - Ting Lin
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Yu Huang
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, P.R. China
| | - Rui-Huan Gan
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, P.R. China
| | - Yong Zhao
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, P.R. China
| | - Yan Feng
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, P.R. China
| | - Lin-Can Ding
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, P.R. China
| | - Bo-Hua Su
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, P.R. China
| | - Da-Li Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, P.R. China
| | - You-Guang Lu
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, P.R. China
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Sant DW, Tao W, Field MG, Pelaez D, Jin K, Capobianco A, Dubovy SR, Tse DT, Wang G. Whole Exome Sequencing of Lacrimal Gland Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2017; 58:BIO240-BIO246. [PMID: 28820917 PMCID: PMC5562266 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.16-21097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To identify genomic mutations in lacrimal gland adenoid cystic carcinoma (LGACC) samples from patients. Methods Genomic DNA was extracted from LGACC specimens. Whole exome sequencing (exome-seq) was conducted to screen for mutations. Capillary sequencing was performed to verify mutations in genes shared by multiple samples. Luciferase assays were used to evaluate functional consequences of NOTCH1 mutations. Results The mutation profile of LGACC was complicated. The most frequently mutated gene observed (28.6%) was bromodomain PHD finger transcription factor (BPTF). No mutation was identified in common cancer genes such as TP53, KRAS, and BRAF. However, mutations predicted to be functionally severe were accumulated in the Notch signaling pathway including NOTCH1 and NOTCH2, of which mutations have been reported in head/neck adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC). Of 14 LGACC samples, five samples carry mutations in Notch pathway genes. Capillary sequencing verified all the mutations in the two NOTCH genes identified by exome-seq. Compared to the wild-type NOTCH1, three frame shifting mutations and two missense mutations (C387W and L1600Q) increased luciferase activity approximately 10- to 25-fold. Conclusions Major genomic mutation profiles in LGACC were uncovered by exome-seq. Although preliminary in nature, the Notch pathway could be a potential therapeutic target for LGACC.
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Affiliation(s)
- David W Sant
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, Dr. John T. Macdonald Foundation Department of Human Genetics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States
| | - Wensi Tao
- Dr. Nasser Ibrahim Al-Rashid Orbital Vision Research Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States.,Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States
| | - Matthew G Field
- Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States
| | - Daniel Pelaez
- Dr. Nasser Ibrahim Al-Rashid Orbital Vision Research Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States.,Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States
| | - Ke Jin
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States
| | - Anthony Capobianco
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States
| | - Sander R Dubovy
- Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States
| | - David T Tse
- Dr. Nasser Ibrahim Al-Rashid Orbital Vision Research Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States.,Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States
| | - Gaofeng Wang
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, Dr. John T. Macdonald Foundation Department of Human Genetics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States.,Dr. Nasser Ibrahim Al-Rashid Orbital Vision Research Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States.,Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States
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Uchibori M, Aoyama KI, Ota Y, Kajiwara K, Tanaka M, Kimura M. A mutation in NOTCH1 ligand binding region detected in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma reduces NOTCH1 oncogenic effect. Oncol Rep 2017; 38:2237-2242. [DOI: 10.3892/or.2017.5870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2017] [Accepted: 07/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Zhang X, Ai F, Li X, Tian L, Wang X, Shen S, Liu F. MicroRNA-34a suppresses colorectal cancer metastasis by regulating Notch signaling. Oncol Lett 2017; 14:2325-2333. [PMID: 28781671 PMCID: PMC5530141 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.6444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2015] [Accepted: 04/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysregulation of microRNA (miRNA/miR) expression is causally associated with cancer initiation and progression. However, the precise mechanisms by which dysregulated miRNAs induce colorectal tumorigenesis remain unknown. In the present study, downregulation of miR-34a was identified in colorectal cancer cell lines and clinical specimens. Clinical studies revealed that miR-34a expression was negatively associated with distant metastasis, and positively associated with differentiation and survival of human colorectal cancer specimens. In vitro miRNA functional assays demonstrated that miR-34a bound to the putative 3'-untranslated regions of Notch1 and Jagged1 in SW480 cells, and thereby attenuated the migration and invasion of the colon cancer cells. It was additionally identified that miR-34a downregulated the expression of vimentin and fibronectin via Notch1 and Jagged1. Overall, these data indicate that miR-34a serves a key role in suppressing colorectal cancer metastasis by targeting and regulating Notch signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuemei Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China.,Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Feiyan Ai
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Xiayu Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Li Tian
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyan Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Shourong Shen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Fen Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
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McManus M, Kleinerman E, Yang Y, Livingston JA, Mortus J, Rivera R, Zweidler-McKay P, Schadler K. Hes4: A potential prognostic biomarker for newly diagnosed patients with high-grade osteosarcoma. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2017; 64:10.1002/pbc.26318. [PMID: 27786411 PMCID: PMC6240354 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.26318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2016] [Revised: 09/12/2016] [Accepted: 09/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prognostic biomarkers for osteosarcoma (OS) at the time of diagnosis are lacking. Necrotic response of OS to preoperative chemotherapy correlates with survival and is determined 3-4 months after diagnosis. The purpose of this study is to identify biomarkers that will stratify patients into good or poor responders to chemotherapy at diagnosis and determine the role of potential biomarkers in OS pathogenesis. PROCEDURE Because OS may be caused by disruptions of osteogenic differentiation, and the Notch pathway is one regulator of bone development, we examined the link between Notch effectors, OS differentiation, and OS outcome. We probed the R2: Genomics Analysis and Visualization Platform for RNA expression levels of Notch targets in mixed high-grade OS pretreatment biopsies. We used human OS cell lines in vitro and in mice to determine the role of the Notch target hairy/enhancer of split 4 (Hes4) in OS. RESULTS We found that in OS patients, high expression of Hes4 is correlated with decreased metastasis-free and overall survival. Human OS cells that overexpress Hes4 are more immature and have an increased invasive capacity in vitro. This was not universal to all Notch effectors, as Hes1 overexpression induced opposing effects. When injected into NSG mice, Hes4-overexpressing OS cells produced significantly larger, more lytic tumors and significantly more metastases than did control cells. CONCLUSIONS Hes4 overexpression promotes a more aggressive tumor phenotype by preventing osteoblastic differentiation of OS cells. Hes4 expression may allow for the stratification of patients into good or poor responders to chemotherapy at diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madonna McManus
- Division of Pediatrics, Department of Pediatric Research, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Eugenie Kleinerman
- Division of Pediatrics, Department of Pediatric Research, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Yanwen Yang
- Division of Pediatrics, Department of Pediatric Research, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - J. Andrew Livingston
- Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Jared Mortus
- Division of Pediatrics, Department of Pediatric Research, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Rocio Rivera
- Division of Pediatrics, Department of Pediatric Research, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Patrick Zweidler-McKay
- Division of Pediatrics, Department of Pediatric Research, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Keri Schadler
- Division of Pediatrics, Department of Pediatric Research, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
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Liang Y, Ye J, Jiao J, Zhang J, Lu Y, Zhang L, Wan D, Duan L, Wu Y, Zhang B. Down-regulation of miR-125a-5p is associated with salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma progression via targeting p38/JNK/ERK signal pathway. Am J Transl Res 2017; 9:1101-1113. [PMID: 28386337 PMCID: PMC5376002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2016] [Accepted: 02/09/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma (SACC) is a relatively uncommon epithelial-like malignancy that can occur in the head and neck region. Despite its slow growth, this aggressive salivary gland tumor frequently recurs and metastasizes to distant organs since lacking effective chemotherapy treatment. MicroRNAs are key regulators in tumor metastasis and progression, but their roles during SACC progression have not been illustrated. In current study, we demonstrate that miR-125a-5p is down-regulated in SACC and closely related to the metastasis and progression in human SACC specimens. In vitro, miR-125a-5p mimic can suppress SACC cell migration and invasion; while blocking miR-125a-5p can relieve the inhibition effect. By using dual-luciferase assay, we confirmed that miR-125a-5p directly targeted to p38 and tissue samples of patients indicated the negative correlation between miR-125a-5p and p38; clinical analysis also showed that low level expression of miR-125a-5p is closely associated with poor prognosis of SACC. Furthermore, down-regulation of miR-125a-5p triggered downstream p38/JNK/ERK activation. Taken together, our results indicate that down-regulation of miR-125a-5p promotes SACC progression through p38 signal pathway and miR-125a-5p can be a potential therapeutic target of SACC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yancan Liang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Gene Regulation and Target Therapy of Guangzhou Higher Education Institutes, Sun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhou, China
| | - Jiantao Ye
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Gene Regulation and Target Therapy of Guangzhou Higher Education Institutes, Sun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhou, China
| | - Jiuyang Jiao
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Gene Regulation and Target Therapy of Guangzhou Higher Education Institutes, Sun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhou, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhou, China
| | - Yingjuan Lu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Gene Regulation and Target Therapy of Guangzhou Higher Education Institutes, Sun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhou, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, The Affiliated Wujing Hospital of Guangzhou Medical CollegeGuangzhou, China
| | - Di Wan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Gene Regulation and Target Therapy of Guangzhou Higher Education Institutes, Sun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhou, China
| | - Liming Duan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Gene Regulation and Target Therapy of Guangzhou Higher Education Institutes, Sun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhou, China
| | - You Wu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Gene Regulation and Target Therapy of Guangzhou Higher Education Institutes, Sun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhou, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Gene Regulation and Target Therapy of Guangzhou Higher Education Institutes, Sun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhou, China
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Naik PP, Das DN, Panda PK, Mukhopadhyay S, Sinha N, Praharaj PP, Agarwal R, Bhutia SK. Implications of cancer stem cells in developing therapeutic resistance in oral cancer. Oral Oncol 2016; 62:122-135. [PMID: 27865365 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2016.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2016] [Revised: 10/05/2016] [Accepted: 10/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Conventional therapeutics are often frequented with recurrences, refraction and regimen resistance in oral cavity cancers which are predominantly manifested by cancer stem cells (CSCs). During oncoevolution, cancer cells may undergo structural and functional reprogramming wherein they evolve as highly tolerant CSC phenotypes with greater survival advantages. The CSCs possess inherent and exclusive properties including self-renewal, hierarchical differentiation, and tumorigenicity that serve as the basis of chemo-radio-resistance in oral cancer. However, the key mechanisms underlying the CSC-mediated therapy resistance need to be further elucidated. A spectrum of dysfunctional cellular pathways including the developmental signaling, apoptosis, autophagy, cell cycle regulation, DNA damage responses and epigenetic regulations protect the CSCs from conventional therapies. Moreover, tumor niche shelters CSCs and creates an immunosuppressive environment favoring the survival of CSCs. Maintenance of lower redox status, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), metabolic reprogramming and altered drug responses are the accessory features that aid in the process of chemo-radio-resistance in oral CSCs. This review deals with the functional and molecular basis of cancer cell pluripotency-associated resistance highlighting the abrupt fundamental cellular processes; targeting these events may hold a great promise in the successful treatment of oral cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prajna Paramita Naik
- Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha, India
| | - Durgesh Nandini Das
- Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha, India
| | - Prashanta Kumar Panda
- Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha, India
| | - Subhadip Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha, India
| | - Niharika Sinha
- Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha, India
| | | | - Rajesh Agarwal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, United States; University of Colorado Cancer Center, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, United States.
| | - Sujit Kumar Bhutia
- Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha, India.
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Kim HJ, Kim MJ, Kim A, Jung CW, Park S, Koh JS, Myung JK. The Role of Notch1 Signaling in Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma. Cancer Res Treat 2016; 49:509-517. [PMID: 27586674 PMCID: PMC5398404 DOI: 10.4143/crt.2016.214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2016] [Accepted: 08/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The Notch signaling pathway is widely expressed in normal, reactive, and neoplastic tissues; however, its role in thyroid tissues has not been fully elucidated. Therefore, this study was conducted to characterize the expression of the Notch signaling pathway in papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) cells and anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS Expression of activated Notch1 in ATC and PTC paraffin-embedded tissues was determined by immunohistochemistry. The small interfering RNA techniquewas employed to knock down Notch1 expression in ATC and PTC cell lines. RESULTS The expression of activated Notch1 was higher in ATC cases than in PTC cases. Inhibition of Notch1 significantly reduced proliferation and migration of ATC cells, but not PTC cells. In addition, inhibition of Notch1 in ATC cells significantly reduced the expression of key markers of epithelial-mesenchymal transition and cancer stem cells. Conversely, changes in the expression of these proteins were not observed in PTC cells. CONCLUSION The results of this study suggest that Notch1 expression plays different roles in tumor progression in ATC and PTC cells. We also found that Notch1 expression was significantly related to the highly invasive or proliferative activity of ATC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeon Jin Kim
- Laboratory of Radiation Pathology, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Min-Jung Kim
- Laboratory of Radiation Pathology, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Areumnuri Kim
- Laboratory of Radiation Pathology, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chang Won Jung
- Department of Pathology, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sunhoo Park
- Laboratory of Radiation Pathology, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Pathology, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Soo Koh
- Department of Pathology, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Kyung Myung
- Laboratory of Radiation Pathology, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Pathology, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Seoul, Korea
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Yarbrough WG, Panaccione A, Chang MT, Ivanov SV. Clinical and molecular insights into adenoid cystic carcinoma: Neural crest-like stemness as a target. Laryngoscope Investig Otolaryngol 2016; 1:60-77. [PMID: 28894804 PMCID: PMC5510248 DOI: 10.1002/lio2.22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2016] [Accepted: 05/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This review surveys trialed therapies and molecular defects in adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC), with an emphasis on neural crest-like stemness characteristics of newly discovered cancer stem cells (CSCs) and therapies that may target these CSCs. DATA SOURCES Articles available on Pubmed or OVID MEDLINE databases and unpublished data. REVIEW METHODS Systematic review of articles pertaining to ACC and neural crest-like stem cells. RESULTS Adenoid cystic carcinoma of the salivary gland is a slowly growing but relentless cancer that is prone to nerve invasion and metastases. A lack of understanding of molecular etiology and absence of targetable drivers has limited therapy for patients with ACC to surgery and radiation. Currently, no curative treatments are available for patients with metastatic disease, which highlights the need for effective new therapies. Research in this area has been inhibited by the lack of validated cell lines and a paucity of clinically useful markers. The ACC research environment has recently improved, thanks to the introduction of novel tools, technologies, approaches, and models. Improved understanding of ACC suggests that neural crest-like stemness is a major target in this rare tumor. New cell culture techniques and patient-derived xenografts provide tools for preclinical testing. CONCLUSION Preclinical research has not identified effective targets in ACC, as confirmed by the large number of failed clinical trials. New molecular data suggest that drivers of neural crest-like stemness may be required for maintenance of ACC; as such, CSCs are a target for therapy of ACC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendell G. Yarbrough
- Section of Otolaryngology, Department of Surgery, Yale School of MedicineNew HavenConnecticutUSA
- Yale Cancer CenterNew HavenConnecticutUSA
| | - Alexander Panaccione
- Department of Cancer BiologyVanderbilt University School of MedicineNashvilleTennesseeU.S.A.
| | - Michael T. Chang
- Section of Otolaryngology, Department of Surgery, Yale School of MedicineNew HavenConnecticutUSA
| | - Sergey V. Ivanov
- Section of Otolaryngology, Department of Surgery, Yale School of MedicineNew HavenConnecticutUSA
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Li J, Tian H, Yang J, Gong Z. Long Noncoding RNAs Regulate Cell Growth, Proliferation, and Apoptosis. DNA Cell Biol 2016; 35:459-70. [PMID: 27213978 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2015.3187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The revolutionary findings in nonprotein-coding part of human genome analysis have revealed a large number of RNA transcripts longer than 200 nucleotides that lack coding protein function, termed long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs). Recently, accumulating shreds of evidence suggest that lncRNAs are widely distributed in human genome and deeply involved in cellular activities such as cell growth, proliferation, and apoptosis. Generally, lncRNAs regulate cell behaviors by targeting cell cycle-associated cyclins, cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs), and/or CDK inhibitors. Specifically, lncRNAs serve as scaffolds or guides for chromatin-modifying complexes and act as signals in response to DNA damage. In addition, lncRNAs function as protein decoys and microRNA decoys, as well as interveners in cell division by modulating oncogenes and/or tumor suppressors. In this review, we mainly focus on the current understanding of the molecular mechanisms, how lncRNAs influence cellular processes and cancer progression. Finally, we also prospect the limitations of lncRNAs in cell behaviors and the novel roles of lncRNAs in epigenetic regulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingqiu Li
- 1 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ningbo University School of Medicine , Ningbo, China .,2 Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Ningbo University School of Medicine , Ningbo, China
| | - Haihua Tian
- 1 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ningbo University School of Medicine , Ningbo, China .,2 Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Ningbo University School of Medicine , Ningbo, China .,3 Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ningbo Kangning Hospital , Ningbo, China
| | - Jie Yang
- 1 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ningbo University School of Medicine , Ningbo, China .,2 Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Ningbo University School of Medicine , Ningbo, China
| | - Zhaohui Gong
- 1 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ningbo University School of Medicine , Ningbo, China .,2 Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Ningbo University School of Medicine , Ningbo, China
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Li B, Duan P, Li C, Jing Y, Han X, Yan W, Xing Y. Role of autophagy on bone marrow mesenchymal stem‑cell proliferation and differentiation into neurons. Mol Med Rep 2015; 13:1413-9. [PMID: 26676567 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.4673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2015] [Accepted: 10/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to investigate the role of autophagy on rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC) proliferation, apoptosis and differentiation into neurons. After treatment with rapamycin, 3-methyladenine (3-MA) or chloroquine, the cell cycle, apoptosis, expression of neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and the mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) of Notch1 in BMSCs were examined by flow cytometry. The expression of microtubule-associated protein 2 (MAP2), Notch1 and Hes1 was investigated by western blot analysis. The results showed that after induction of autophagy using rapamycin, the proliferation of BMSCs was inhibited. Furthermore, the S-phase population was significantly decreased compared to that in the control group (P<0.05). In addition, the percentage of NSE-positive cells and the expression of MAP2 were significantly increased compared to those in the control group (P<0.05). The MFI of Notch1 was markedly upregulated compared to that in the control group (P<0.05). When autophagy was inhibited by 3-MA or chloroquine, the percentage of apoptotic cells and NSE-positive cells as well as the expression of MAP2 were markedly reduced compared to those in the control group (P<0.05). Furthermore, western blot analysis showed that Notch1 and Hes1 were decreased in the rapamycin-treated group, while they were not affected by 3-MA or chloroquine. The present study indicated that induction of autophagy in BMSCs decreased their S-phase population, promoted their differentiation into neurons and promoted the expression of NSE and MAP2. The mechanisms underlying this process may be linked to the regulation of autophagy-induced inhibition of the Notch1 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Li
- Department of Physiology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P.R. China
| | - Ping Duan
- Department of Physiology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P.R. China
| | - Caifang Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P.R. China
| | - Ying Jing
- Department of Physiology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P.R. China
| | - Xuefei Han
- Stem Cell Research Center of Basic Medicine College, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China
| | - Wenhai Yan
- Department of Pathophysiology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P.R. China
| | - Ying Xing
- Department of Physiology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P.R. China
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Chae YK, Chung SY, Davis AA, Carneiro BA, Chandra S, Kaplan J, Kalyan A, Giles FJ. Adenoid cystic carcinoma: current therapy and potential therapeutic advances based on genomic profiling. Oncotarget 2015; 6:37117-34. [PMID: 26359351 PMCID: PMC4741919 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.5076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2015] [Accepted: 08/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) is a rare cancer with high potential for recurrence and metastasis. Efficacy of current treatment options, particularly for advanced disease, is very limited. Recent whole genome and exome sequencing has dramatically improved our understanding of ACC pathogenesis. A balanced translocation resulting in the MYB-NFIB fusion gene appears to be a fundamental signature of ACC. In addition, sequencing has identified a number of other driver genes mutated in downstream pathways common to other well-studied cancers. Overexpression of oncogenic proteins involved in cell growth, adhesion, cell cycle regulation, and angiogenesis are also present in ACC. Collectively, studies have identified genes and proteins for targeted, mechanism-based, therapies based on tumor phenotypes, as opposed to nonspecific cytotoxic agents. In addition, although few studies in ACC currently exist, immunotherapy may also hold promise. Better genetic understanding will enable treatment with novel targeted agents and initial exploration of immune-based therapies with the goal of improving outcomes for patients with ACC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Kwang Chae
- Northwestern Medicine Developmental Therapeutics Institute, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Su Yun Chung
- Northwestern Medicine Developmental Therapeutics Institute, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Andrew A. Davis
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Benedito A. Carneiro
- Northwestern Medicine Developmental Therapeutics Institute, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Sunandana Chandra
- Northwestern Medicine Developmental Therapeutics Institute, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jason Kaplan
- Northwestern Medicine Developmental Therapeutics Institute, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Aparna Kalyan
- Northwestern Medicine Developmental Therapeutics Institute, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Francis J. Giles
- Northwestern Medicine Developmental Therapeutics Institute, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
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Notch2 signaling contributes to cell growth, invasion, and migration in salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma. Mol Cell Biochem 2015; 411:135-41. [PMID: 26427670 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-015-2575-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2015] [Accepted: 09/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Many studies have explored whether the Notch signaling pathway has a tumor-suppressive or an oncogenic role in various tumors; however, the role of the Notch signaling pathway in salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma (SACC) is still unknown. In this study, we attempt to define the role of Notch2 signaling in cell growth, invasion, and migration in SACC. We compared Notch2 expression in clinical SACC samples with that of normal samples by using immunohistochemical staining. Then, we down-regulated Notch2 expression to observe the effect of Notch2 on proliferation, invasion, migration, and the expression of known target genes of Notch signal pathway. According to our results, Notch2 expression was higher in SACC tissues compared with normal tissues. Knockdown of Notch2 inhibited cell proliferation, invasion, and migration in vitro and down-regulated the expression of HEY2 and CCND1. The results of this study suggest that Notch2 has an essential role in the cell growth, invasion, and migration of SACC. Notch2 may therefore be a potential target gene for the treatment of SACC by interfering with cell growth and metastasis.
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DAI MENGYUAN, FANG FANG, ZOU YOU, YI XING, DING YONGJUN, CHEN CHEN, TAO ZEZHANG, CHEN SHIMING. Downregulation of Notch1 induces apoptosis and inhibits cell proliferation and metastasis in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Oncol Rep 2015; 34:3111-9. [DOI: 10.3892/or.2015.4274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2015] [Accepted: 07/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Wang Y, Wu P, Lin R, Rong L, Xue Y, Fang Y. LncRNA NALT interaction with NOTCH1 promoted cell proliferation in pediatric T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Sci Rep 2015; 5:13749. [PMID: 26330272 PMCID: PMC4557127 DOI: 10.1038/srep13749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2015] [Accepted: 08/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) was referred to be participating in various malignant tumors. Location based analysis of the mechanism in lncRNA and genes have been highly focused. In this study, we reported that lncRNA named NALT which was located near NOTCH1 within 100 bp away. We confirmed that up-regulation of NALT associating with NOTCH1 in human samples. Increased expression of NALT dramatically promoted cell proliferation in cell lines via CCK8 assay and EDU stain. Further xenograft tumor also indicated the growth inducing affection of NALT while could be partial reversed by GSI. Besides, through sorting the side-population cells in T ALL cells treated with NALT shRNA could decrease percentage of SP cell which companied by the down-regulation of NOTCH1. Gal4-λN/BoxB reporter system revealed that the nuclear located NALT could function as a transcription activator which caused an activation of NOTCH signal pathway as confirmed by western blot. Taken together, we found a neighbor of NOTCH1, Lnc-RP11-611D20.2 (named NALT) which could regulate the NOTCH1 signal pathway through cis-regulation. This founding may trigger a comparable development of diagnosis or novel molecularly-directed therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaping Wang
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Nanjing Children's Hospital Affiliated with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Peng Wu
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Nanjing Children's Hospital Affiliated with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Rufeng Lin
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Nanjing Children's Hospital Affiliated with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Liucheng Rong
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Nanjing Children's Hospital Affiliated with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Yao Xue
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Nanjing Children's Hospital Affiliated with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Yongjun Fang
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Nanjing Children's Hospital Affiliated with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China
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WANG XING, ZHANG JUAN, ZHOU LIANG, SUN WEI, ZHENG ZHIGANG, LU PENG, GAO YUAN, YANG XISHENG, ZHANG ZHUOCHAO, TAO KAISHAN, DOU KEFENG. Fbxw7 regulates hepatocellular carcinoma migration and invasion via Notch1 signaling pathway. Int J Oncol 2015; 47:231-43. [DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2015.2981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2015] [Accepted: 04/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Ding LC, Huang XY, Zheng FF, Xie J, She L, Feng Y, Su BH, Zheng DL, Lu YG. FZD2 inhibits the cell growth and migration of salivary adenoid cystic carcinomas. Oncol Rep 2015; 35:1006-12. [PMID: 25695658 DOI: 10.3892/or.2015.3811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2014] [Accepted: 02/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Several studies have reported that FZD2 regulates tumor biology in a complex manner. The aim of the present study was to identify the role of FZD2 in the cell growth and metastasis of salivary adenoid cystic carcinomas (SACCs). The expression of FZD2 in ACC-83 and ACC-LM cells were measured with real-time PCR. Immunohistochemical staining was used to detect the expression of FZD2 in clinical SACC samples with or without metastasis. Cell proliferation and Transwell assays were performed to explore the effects of FZD2 on cell growth and migration following the silencing of FZD2 with small interference RNAs and the overexpression of FZD2 with plasmid. Our data showed that FZD2 was downregulated in ACC-LM cells, which are an adenoid cystic carcinoma cell line with high metastatic potential, compared to ACC-83 cells, which have low metastatic potential. Additionally, the expression of FZD2 was lower in SACC tissues with metastasis compared to SACC tissues without metastasis (P<0.05). Cell proliferation and migration of ACC-83 cells were increased after the knockdown of FZD2 and decreased following overexpression of FZD2. Knockdown of FZD2 downregulated the expression of PAI-1. Our results suggest that FZD2 may be a tumor suppressor gene in SACCs that inhibits cell growth and migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin-Can Ding
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350002, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Yu Huang
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350002, P.R. China
| | - Fei-Fei Zheng
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350002, P.R. China
| | - Jian Xie
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350002, P.R. China
| | - Lin She
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350002, P.R. China
| | - Yan Feng
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350002, P.R. China
| | - Bo-Hua Su
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350002, P.R. China
| | - Da-Li Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350108, P.R. China
| | - You-Guang Lu
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350002, P.R. China
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Tang J, Zhuo H, Zhang X, Jiang R, Ji J, Deng L, Qian X, Zhang F, Sun B. A novel biomarker Linc00974 interacting with KRT19 promotes proliferation and metastasis in hepatocellular carcinoma. Cell Death Dis 2014; 5:e1549. [PMID: 25476897 PMCID: PMC4649834 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2014.518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2014] [Revised: 10/27/2014] [Accepted: 10/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Location-associated long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) was reported to interact with target protein via a cis-regulatory process especially for the Flank10kb class lncRNA. Based on this theory, we aimed to explore the regulatory mechanisms of Linc00974 and KRT19 (an lncRNA beyond the Flank10kb class with protein) when we first confirmed the aberrant expression in hepatocellular carcinoma in a previous study. Knockdown of Linc00974 resulted in an inhibition of cell proliferation and invasion with an activation of apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in vitro, which was also validated by a subcutaneous and tail vein/intraperitoneal injection xenotransplantation model in vivo. We further investigated the interaction pattern of Linc00974 and KRT19. MiR-642 was identified, by acting as the competing endogenous RNA in regulating Linc00974 and KRT19. Linc00974 was increased owing to an abnormal hypomethylation promoter, which induced the upregulation of KRT19 via ceRNA interaction, resulting in the activation of the Notch and TGF-β pathways as detected by cDNA microarray. We also discovered Linc00974F-1 stably expressed in the plasma. By the combined analysis of Linc00974F-1 with CYFRA21-1, we found that these joint indicators predicted growth and metastasis of tumor in HCC patients. In conclusion, the combination of Linc00974 and KRT19 may be novel indices for clinical diagnosis of tumor growth and metastasis in HCC, while Linc00974 may become a potential therapeutic target for the prevention of HCC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Tang
- Liver Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated Hospital and State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, P.R. China
| | - H Zhuo
- Liver Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated Hospital and State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, P.R. China
| | - X Zhang
- Liver Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated Hospital and State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, P.R. China
| | - R Jiang
- Liver Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated Hospital and State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, P.R. China
| | - J Ji
- Liver Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated Hospital and State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, P.R. China
| | - L Deng
- Liver Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated Hospital and State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, P.R. China
| | - X Qian
- Liver Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated Hospital and State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, P.R. China
| | - F Zhang
- Liver Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated Hospital and State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, P.R. China
| | - B Sun
- Liver Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated Hospital and State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, P.R. China
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