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Nisco A, Carvalho TMA, Tolomeo M, Di Molfetta D, Leone P, Galluccio M, Medina M, Indiveri C, Reshkin SJ, Cardone RA, Barile M. Increased demand for FAD synthesis in differentiated and stem pancreatic cancer cells is accomplished by modulating FLAD1 gene expression: the inhibitory effect of Chicago Sky Blue. FEBS J 2023; 290:4679-4694. [PMID: 37254652 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
FLAD1, along with its FAD synthase (FADS, EC 2.7.7.2) product, is crucial for flavin homeostasis and, due to its role in the mitochondrial respiratory chain and nuclear epigenetics, is closely related to cellular metabolism. Therefore, it is not surprising that it could be correlated with cancer. To our knowledge, no previous study has investigated FLAD1 prognostic significance in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Thus, in the present work, the FAD synthesis process was evaluated in two PDAC cell lines: (a) PANC-1- and PANC-1-derived cancer stem cells (CSCs), presenting the R273H mutation in the oncosuppressor p53, and (b) MiaPaca2 and MiaPaca2-derived CSCs, presenting the R248W mutation in p53. As a control, HPDE cells expressing wt-p53 were used. FADS expression/activity increase was found with malignancy and even more with stemness. An increased FAD synthesis rate in cancer cell lines is presumably demanded by the increase in the FAD-dependent lysine demethylase 1 protein amount as well as by the increased expression levels of the flavoprotein subunit of complex II of the mitochondrial respiratory chain, namely succinate dehydrogenase. With the aim of proposing FADS as a novel target for cancer therapy, the inhibitory effect of Chicago Sky Blue on FADS enzymatic activity was tested on the recombinant 6His-hFADS2 (IC50 = 1.2 μm) and PANC-1-derived CSCs' lysate (IC50 = 2-10 μm). This molecule was found effective in inhibiting the growth of PANC-1 and even more of its derived CSC line, thus assessing its role as a potential chemotherapeutic drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Nisco
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies, and Environment, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Italy
| | - Tiago M A Carvalho
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies, and Environment, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Italy
| | - Maria Tolomeo
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies, and Environment, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Italy
- Department of DiBEST (Biologia, Ecologia e Scienze della Terra), University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, Italy
| | - Daria Di Molfetta
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies, and Environment, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Italy
| | - Piero Leone
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies, and Environment, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Italy
| | - Michele Galluccio
- Department of DiBEST (Biologia, Ecologia e Scienze della Terra), University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, Italy
| | - Milagros Medina
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Celular, Facultad de Ciencias, Instituto de Biocomputación y Física de Sistemas Complejos (BIFI) (GBsC-CSIC Joint Unit), University of Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Cesare Indiveri
- Department of DiBEST (Biologia, Ecologia e Scienze della Terra), University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, Italy
- CNR Institute of Biomembranes, Bioenergetics and Molecular Biotechnologies (IBIOM), Bari, Italy
| | - Stephan Joel Reshkin
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies, and Environment, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Italy
| | - Rosa Angela Cardone
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies, and Environment, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Italy
| | - Maria Barile
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies, and Environment, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Italy
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Xue Z, Wang J, Wang Z, Liu J, Zhao J, Liu X, Zhang Y, Liu G, Zhao Z, Li W, Zhang Q, Li X, Huang B, Wang X. SLC25A32 promotes malignant progression of glioblastoma by activating PI3K-AKT signaling pathway. BMC Cancer 2023; 23:589. [PMID: 37365560 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-023-11097-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Solute carrier family 25 member 32 (SLC25A32) is an important member of SLC25A family and plays a role in folate transport metabolism. However, the mechanism and function of SLC25A32 in the progression of human glioblastoma (GBM) remain unclear. METHODS In this study, folate related gene analysis was performed to explore gene expression profiles in low-grade glioma (LGG) and GBM. Western blotting, real-time quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR), and immunohistochemistry (IHC) were used to confirm the expression levels of SLC25A32 in GBM tissues and cell lines. CCK-8 assays, colony formation assays, and Edu assays were performed to assess the role of SLC25A32 on proliferation in GBM in vitro. A 3D sphere invasion assay and an ex vivo co-culture invasion model were performed to assess the effects of SLC25A32 on invasion in GBM. RESULTS Elevated expression of SLC25A32 was observed in GBM, and high SLC25A32 expression was associated with a high glioma grade and poorer prognosis. Immunohistochemistry performed with anti-SLC25A32 on samples from an independent cohort of patients confirmed these results. Knockdown of SLC25A32 inhibited the proliferation and invasion of GBM cells, but overexpression of SLC25A32 significantly promoted cell growth and invasion. These effects were mainly due to the activation of the PI3K-AKT-mTOR signaling pathway. CONCLUSION Our study demonstrated that SLC25A32 plays a significant role in promoting the malignant phenotype of GBM. Therefore, SLC25A32 can be used as an independent prognostic factor in patients with GBM, providing a new target for the comprehensive treatment of GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwei Xue
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
- Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory and Shandong Key Laboratory of Brain Function Remodeling, Jinan, 250117, China
| | - Jiwei Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
- Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory and Shandong Key Laboratory of Brain Function Remodeling, Jinan, 250117, China
| | - Zide Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
- Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory and Shandong Key Laboratory of Brain Function Remodeling, Jinan, 250117, China
| | - Junzhi Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
- Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory and Shandong Key Laboratory of Brain Function Remodeling, Jinan, 250117, China
| | - Jiangli Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
- Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory and Shandong Key Laboratory of Brain Function Remodeling, Jinan, 250117, China
| | - Xuchen Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
- Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory and Shandong Key Laboratory of Brain Function Remodeling, Jinan, 250117, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
- Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory and Shandong Key Laboratory of Brain Function Remodeling, Jinan, 250117, China
| | - Guowei Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
- Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory and Shandong Key Laboratory of Brain Function Remodeling, Jinan, 250117, China
| | - Zhimin Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
- Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory and Shandong Key Laboratory of Brain Function Remodeling, Jinan, 250117, China
| | - Wenjie Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
- Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory and Shandong Key Laboratory of Brain Function Remodeling, Jinan, 250117, China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
- Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory and Shandong Key Laboratory of Brain Function Remodeling, Jinan, 250117, China
| | - Xingang Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
- Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory and Shandong Key Laboratory of Brain Function Remodeling, Jinan, 250117, China
| | - Bin Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
- Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory and Shandong Key Laboratory of Brain Function Remodeling, Jinan, 250117, China
| | - Xinyu Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China.
- Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory and Shandong Key Laboratory of Brain Function Remodeling, Jinan, 250117, China.
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Wohlrab H, Signoretti S, Rameh LE, DeConti DK, Hansen SH. Mitochondrial transporter expression patterns distinguish tumor from normal tissue and identify cancer subtypes with different survival and metabolism. Sci Rep 2022; 12:17035. [PMID: 36220979 PMCID: PMC9553943 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-21411-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Transporters of the inner mitochondrial membrane are essential to metabolism. We demonstrate that metabolism as represented by expression of genes encoding SLC25 transporters differentiates human cancers. Tumor to normal tissue expression ratios for clear cell renal cell carcinoma, colon adenocarcinoma, lung adenocarcinoma and breast invasive carcinoma were found to be highly significant. Affinity propagation trained on SLC25 gene expression patterns from 19 human cancer types (6825 TCGA samples) and normal tissues (2322 GTEx samples) was used to generate clusters. They differentiate cancers from normal tissues. They also indicate cancer subtypes with survivals distinct from the total patient population of the cancer type. Probing the kidney, colon, lung, and breast cancer clusters, subtype pairs of cancers were identified with distinct prognoses and differing in expression of protein coding genes from among 2080 metabolic enzymes assayed. We demonstrate that SLC25 expression clusters facilitate the identification of the tissue-of-origin, essential to efficacy of most cancer therapies, of CUPs (cancer-unknown-primary) known to have poor prognoses. Different cancer types within a single cluster have similar metabolic patterns and this raises the possibility that such cancers may respond similarly to existing and new anti-cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hartmut Wohlrab
- grid.38142.3c000000041936754XDepartment of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, 240 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115 USA ,grid.2515.30000 0004 0378 8438GI Cell Biology Research Laboratory, Boston Children’s Hospital, 300 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA 02115 USA
| | - Sabina Signoretti
- grid.62560.370000 0004 0378 8294Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA 02115 USA ,grid.38142.3c000000041936754XHarvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Lucia E. Rameh
- grid.152326.10000 0001 2264 7217Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, 2209 Garland Ave, Nashville, TN 37240 USA
| | - Derrick K. DeConti
- grid.38142.3c000000041936754XQuantitative Biomedical Research Center, Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 655 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02115 USA
| | - Steen H. Hansen
- grid.2515.30000 0004 0378 8438GI Cell Biology Research Laboratory, Boston Children’s Hospital, 300 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA 02115 USA ,grid.38142.3c000000041936754XHarvard Medical School, Boston, USA
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Synthesis of Mixed Dinucleotides by Mechanochemistry. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27103229. [PMID: 35630705 PMCID: PMC9147584 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27103229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Revised: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
We report the synthesis of vitamin B1, B2, and B3 derived nucleotides and dinucleotides generated either through mechanochemical or solution phase chemistry. Under the explored conditions, adenosine and thiamine proved to be particularly amenable to milling conditions. Following optimization of the chemistry related to the formation pyrophosphate bonds, mixed dinucleotides of adenine and thiamine (vitamin B1), riboflavin (vitamin B2), nicotinamide riboside and 3-carboxamide 4-pyridone riboside (both vitamin B3 derivatives) were generated in good yields. Furthermore, we report an efficient synthesis of the MW+4 isotopologue of NAD+ for which deuterium incorporation is present on either side of the dinucleotidic linkage, poised for isotopic tracing experiments by mass spectrometry. Many of these mixed species are novel and present unexplored possibilities to simultaneously enhance or modulate cofactor transporters and enzymes of independent biosynthetic pathways.
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Tetrahydrofolate Alleviates the Inhibitory Effect of Oxidative Stress on Neural Stem Cell Proliferation through PTEN/Akt/mTOR Pathway. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:9021474. [PMID: 35265266 PMCID: PMC8898800 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9021474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Neural stem cell (NSC) proliferation is the initial step for NSC participating in neurorehabilitation after central nervous system (CNS) injury. During this process, oxidative stress is always involved in restricting the regenerative ability of NSC. Tetrahydrofolate (THF) is susceptible to oxidative stress and exhibits a high antioxidant activity. While its effect on NSC proliferation under oxidative stress condition remains obscure. Here, NSC were isolated from embryonic mice and identified using immunofluorescent staining. Meanwhile, the results showed that THF (5 μM and 10 μM) attenuated oxidative stress induced by 50 μM hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in NSC using mitochondrial hydroxyl radical detection and Western blotting assays. Afterward, administration of THF markedly alleviated the inhibitory effect of oxidative stress on NSC proliferation, which was evidenced by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK8), neurosphere formation, and immunofluorescence of Ki67 assays. Thereafter, the results revealed that PTEN/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway played a pivotal role in counteracting oxidative stress to rescue the inhibitory effect of oxidative stress on NSC proliferation using Western blotting assays and gene knockdown techniques. Collectively, these results demonstrate that THF mitigates the inhibitory effect of oxidative stress on NSC proliferation via PTEN/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway, which provides evidence for administrating THF to potentiate the neuro-reparative capacity of NSC in the treatment of CNS diseases with the presence of oxidative stress.
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6
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Managing GSH elevation and hypoxia to overcome resistance of cancer therapies using functionalized nanocarriers. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2021.103022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Shen J, Liu T, Lv J, Xu S. Identification of an Immune-Related Prognostic Gene CLEC5A Based on Immune Microenvironment and Risk Modeling of Ovarian Cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:746932. [PMID: 34712666 PMCID: PMC8547616 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.746932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To understand the immune characteristics of the ovarian cancer (OC) microenvironment and explore the differences of immune-related molecules and cells to establish an effective risk model and identify the molecules that significantly affected the immune response of OC, to help guide the diagnosis. Methods: First, we calculate the TMEscore which reflects the immune microenvironment, and then analyze the molecular differences between patients with different immune characteristics, and determine the prognostic genes. Then, the risk model was established by least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) analysis and combined with clinical data into a nomogram for diagnosis and prediction. Subsequently, the potential gene CLEC5A influencing the immune response of OC was identified from the prognostic genes by integrative immune-stromal analysis. The genomic alteration was explored based on copy number variant (CNV) and somatic mutation data. Results: TMEscore was a prognostic indicator of OC. The prognosis of patients with high TMEscore was better. The risk model based on immune characteristics was a reliable index to predict the prognosis of patients, and the nomogram could comprehensively evaluate the prognosis of patients. Besides, CLEC5A was closely related to the abundance of immune cells, immune response, and the expression of immune checkpoints in the OC microenvironment. OC cells with high expression of CLEC5A increased the polarization of M2 macrophages. CLEC5A expression was significantly associated with TTN and CDK12 mutations and affected the copy number of tumor progression and immune-related genes. Conclusion: The study of immune characteristics in the OC microenvironment and the risk model can reveal the factors affecting the prognosis and guide the clinical hierarchical treatment. CLEC5A can be used as a potential key gene affecting the immune microenvironment remodeling of OC, which provides a new perspective for improving the effect of OC immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiacheng Shen
- Department of Gynecology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tingwei Liu
- Department of Gynecology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia Lv
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shaohua Xu
- Department of Gynecology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
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Alteration of Flavin Cofactor Homeostasis in Human Neuromuscular Pathologies. Methods Mol Biol 2021; 2280:275-295. [PMID: 33751442 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1286-6_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this short review chapter is to provide a brief summary of the relevance of riboflavin (Rf or vitamin B2) and its derived cofactors flavin mononucleotide (FMN) and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) for human neuromuscular bioenergetics.Therefore, as a completion of this book we would like to summarize what kind of human pathologies could derive from genetic disturbances of Rf transport, flavin cofactor synthesis and delivery to nascent apoflavoproteins, as well as by alteration of vitamin recycling during protein turnover.
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9
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One-carbon metabolism in cancer cells: a critical review based on a core model of central metabolism. Biochem Soc Trans 2021; 49:1-15. [PMID: 33616629 DOI: 10.1042/bst20190008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
One-carbon metabolism (1C-metabolism), also called folate metabolism because the carbon group is attached to folate-derived tetrahydrofolate, is crucial in metabolism. It is at the heart of several essential syntheses, particularly those of purine and thymidylate. After a short reminder of the organization of 1C-metabolism, I list its salient features as reported in the literature. Then, using flux balance analysis, a core model of central metabolism and the flux constraints for an 'average cancer cell metabolism', I explore the fundamentals underlying 1C-metabolism and its relationships with the rest of metabolism. Some unreported properties of 1C-metabolism emerge, such as its potential roles in mitochondrial NADH exchange with cytosolic NADPH, participation in NADH recycling, and optimization of cell proliferation.
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10
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Qiu X, Jiang S, Xiao Y, He Y, Ren T, Jiang L, Liu R, Chen Q. SOX2-dependent expression of dihydroorotate dehydrogenase regulates oral squamous cell carcinoma cell proliferation. Int J Oral Sci 2021; 13:3. [PMID: 33510132 PMCID: PMC7844284 DOI: 10.1038/s41368-020-00109-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) become a heavy burden of public health, with approximately 300 000 newly diagnosed cases and 145 000 deaths worldwide per year. Nucleotide metabolism fuel DNA replication and RNA synthesis, which is indispensable for cell proliferation. But how tumor cells orchestrate nucleotide metabolic enzymes to support their rapid growth is largely unknown. Here we show that expression of pyrimidine metabolic enzyme dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH) is upregulated in OSCC tissues, compared to non-cancerous adjacent tissues. Enhanced expression of DHODH is correlated with a shortened patient survival time. Inhibition of DHODH by either shRNA or selective inhibitors impairs proliferation of OSCC cells and growth of tumor xenograft. Further, loss of functional DHODH imped de novo pyrimidine synthesis, and disrupt mitochondrial respiration probably through destabilizing the MICOS complex. Mechanistic study shows that transcriptional factor SOX2 plays an important role in the upregulation of DHODH in OSCC. Our findings add to the knowledge of how cancer cells co-opt nucleotide metabolism to support their rapid growth, and thereby highlight DHODH as a potential prognostic and therapeutic target for OSCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuemei Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Sheng Jiang
- Ministry of science and technology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College (China National Nuclear Corporation 416 Hospital), Chengdu, China
| | - Yanxuan Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yumin He
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tao Ren
- Oncology Department, Clinical Medical College and The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China.
| | - Lu Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Rui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Qianming Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Epistasis-driven identification of SLC25A51 as a regulator of human mitochondrial NAD import. Nat Commun 2020; 11:6145. [PMID: 33262325 PMCID: PMC7708531 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-19871-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
About a thousand genes in the human genome encode for membrane transporters. Among these, several solute carrier proteins (SLCs), representing the largest group of transporters, are still orphan and lack functional characterization. We reasoned that assessing genetic interactions among SLCs may be an efficient way to obtain functional information allowing their deorphanization. Here we describe a network of strong genetic interactions indicating a contribution to mitochondrial respiration and redox metabolism for SLC25A51/MCART1, an uncharacterized member of the SLC25 family of transporters. Through a combination of metabolomics, genomics and genetics approaches, we demonstrate a role for SLC25A51 as enabler of mitochondrial import of NAD, showcasing the potential of genetic interaction-driven functional gene deorphanization.
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Tolomeo M, Nisco A, Leone P, Barile M. Development of Novel Experimental Models to Study Flavoproteome Alterations in Human Neuromuscular Diseases: The Effect of Rf Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21155310. [PMID: 32722651 PMCID: PMC7432027 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21155310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Inborn errors of Riboflavin (Rf) transport and metabolism have been recently related to severe human neuromuscular disorders, as resulting in profound alteration of human flavoproteome and, therefore, of cellular bioenergetics. This explains why the interest in studying the “flavin world”, a topic which has not been intensively investigated before, has increased much over the last few years. This also prompts basic questions concerning how Rf transporters and FAD (flavin adenine dinucleotide) -forming enzymes work in humans, and how they can create a coordinated network ensuring the maintenance of intracellular flavoproteome. The concept of a coordinated cellular “flavin network”, introduced long ago studying humans suffering for Multiple Acyl-CoA Dehydrogenase Deficiency (MADD), has been, later on, addressed in model organisms and more recently in cell models. In the frame of the underlying relevance of a correct supply of Rf in humans and of a better understanding of the molecular rationale of Rf therapy in patients, this review wants to deal with theories and existing experimental models in the aim to potentiate possible therapeutic interventions in Rf-related neuromuscular diseases.
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Ma Z, Qin X, Zhong X, Liao Y, Su Y, Liu X, Liu P, Lu J, Zhou S. Flavine adenine dinucleotide inhibits pathological cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis through activating short chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase. Biochem Pharmacol 2020; 178:114100. [PMID: 32540485 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2020.114100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Short-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (SCAD), the rate-limiting enzyme for fatty acid β-oxidation, has a negative regulatory effect on pathological cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis. Furthermore, flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) can enhance the expression and enzyme activity of SCAD. However, whether FAD can inhibit pathological cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis remains unclear. Therefore, we observed the effect of FAD on pathological cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis. FAD significantly inhibited PE-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and AngII-induced cardiac fibroblast proliferation. In addition, FAD ameliorated pathological cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis in SHR. FAD significantly increased the expression and enzyme activity of SCAD. Meanwhile, ATP content was increased, the content of free fatty acids and reactive oxygen species were decreased by FAD in vivo and in vitro. In addition, molecular dynamics simulations were also used to provide insights into the structural stability and dynamic behavior of SCAD. The results demonstrated that FAD may play an important structural role on the SCAD dimer stability and maintenance of substrate catalytic pocket to increase the expression and enzyme activity of SCAD. In conclusion, FAD can inhibit pathological cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis through activating SCAD, which may be a novel effective treatment for pathological cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis, thus prevent them from developing into heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhichao Ma
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, GuangDong Pharmaceutical University, GuangZhou, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Construction and Application of New Drug Screening Model Systems, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Key Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Evaluation of Ordinary Universities of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xue Qin
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, GuangDong Pharmaceutical University, GuangZhou, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Construction and Application of New Drug Screening Model Systems, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Key Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Evaluation of Ordinary Universities of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xiaoyi Zhong
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, GuangDong Pharmaceutical University, GuangZhou, China
| | - Yingqing Liao
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, GuangDong Pharmaceutical University, GuangZhou, China
| | - Yongshao Su
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, GuangDong Pharmaceutical University, GuangZhou, China
| | - Xi Liu
- College of Medical Information Engineering, GuangDong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peiqing Liu
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing Lu
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sigui Zhou
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, GuangDong Pharmaceutical University, GuangZhou, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Construction and Application of New Drug Screening Model Systems, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Key Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Evaluation of Ordinary Universities of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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