1
|
Zhao H, Zhao H, Ji S. A Mesenchymal stem cell Aging Framework, from Mechanisms to Strategies. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2024; 20:1420-1440. [PMID: 38727878 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-024-10732-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are extensively researched for therapeutic applications in tissue engineering and show significant potential for clinical use. Intrinsic or extrinsic factors causing senescence may lead to reduced proliferation, aberrant differentiation, weakened immunoregulation, and increased inflammation, ultimately limiting the potential of MSCs. It is crucial to comprehend the molecular pathways and internal processes responsible for the decline in MSC function due to senescence in order to devise innovative approaches for rejuvenating senescent MSCs and enhancing MSC treatment. We investigate the main molecular processes involved in senescence, aiming to provide a thorough understanding of senescence-related issues in MSCs. Additionally, we analyze the most recent advancements in cutting-edge approaches to combat MSC senescence based on current research. We are curious whether the aging process of stem cells results in a permanent "memory" and if cellular reprogramming may potentially revert the aging epigenome to a more youthful state.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongqing Zhao
- Nanbu County People's Hospital, Nanchong City, 637300, Sichuan Province, China
- Jinzhou Medical University, No.82 Songpo Road, Guta District, Jinzhou, 121001, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Houming Zhao
- Graduate School of PLA Medical College, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Shuaifei Ji
- Graduate School of PLA Medical College, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100083, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Printzell L, Reseland JE, Edin NFJ, Ellingsen JE, Tiainen H. Backscatter from therapeutic doses of ionizing irradiation does not impair cell migration on titanium implants in vitro. Clin Oral Investig 2023; 27:5073-5082. [PMID: 37410152 PMCID: PMC10492688 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-023-05128-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The influence of radiation backscatter from titanium on DNA damage and migration capacity of human osteoblasts (OBs) and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) may be critical for the osseointegration of dental implants placed prior to radiotherapy. In order to evaluate effects of radiation backscatter, the immediate DNA damage and migration capacity of OBs and MSCs cultured on titanium or plastic were compared after exposure to ionizing irradiation. MATERIALS AND METHODS Human OBs and MSCs were seeded on machined titanium, moderately rough fluoride-modified titanium, or tissue culture polystyrene, and irradiated with nominal doses of 2, 6, 10, or 14 Gy. Comet assay was performed immediately after irradiation, while a scratch wound healing assay was initiated 24 h post-irradiation. Fluorescent live cell imaging documented the migration. RESULTS DNA damage increased with higher dose and with backscatter from titanium, and MSCs were significantly more affected than OBs. All doses of radiation accelerated the cell migration on plastic, while only the highest dose of 10 Gy inhibited the migration of both cell types on titanium. CONCLUSIONS High doses (10 Gy) of radiation inhibited the migration capacity of both cell types on titanium, whereas lower doses (2 and 6 Gy) did not affect the migration of either OBs or MSCs. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Fractionated doses of 2 Gy/day, as distributed in conventional radiotherapy, appear not to cause severe DNA damage or disturb the migration of OBs or MSCs during osseointegration of dental implants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Printzell
- Department of Prosthodontics, Institute of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty for Dentistry, University of Oslo, PO box 1109, 0317, Blindern, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Janne Elin Reseland
- Department of Biomaterials, Institute of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty for Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Jan Eirik Ellingsen
- Department of Prosthodontics, Institute of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty for Dentistry, University of Oslo, PO box 1109, 0317, Blindern, Oslo, Norway
| | - Hanna Tiainen
- Department of Biomaterials, Institute of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty for Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Phan TV, Oo Y, Ahmed K, Rodboon T, Rosa V, Yodmuang S, Ferreira JN. Salivary gland regeneration: from salivary gland stem cells to three-dimensional bioprinting. SLAS Technol 2023; 28:199-209. [PMID: 37019217 DOI: 10.1016/j.slast.2023.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Abstract
Hyposalivation and severe dry mouth syndrome are the most common complications in patients with head and neck cancer (HNC) after receiving radiation therapy. Conventional treatment for hyposalivation relies on the use of sialogogues such as pilocarpine; however, their efficacy is constrained by the limited number of remnant acinar cells after radiation. After radiotherapy, the salivary gland (SG) secretory parenchyma is largely destroyed, and due to the reduced stem cell niche, this gland has poor regenerative potential. To tackle this, researchers must be able to generate highly complex cellularized 3D constructs for clinical transplantation via technologies, including those that involve bioprinting of cells and biomaterials. A potential stem cell source with promising clinical outcomes to reserve dry mouth is adipose mesenchymal stem cells (AdMSC). MSC-like cells like human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSC) have been tested in novel magnetic bioprinting platforms using nanoparticles that can bind cell membranes by electrostatic interaction, as well as their paracrine signals arising from extracellular vesicles. Both magnetized cells and their secretome cues were found to increase epithelial and neuronal growth of in vitro and ex vivo irradiated SG models. Interestingly, these magnetic bioprinting platforms can be applied as a high-throughput drug screening system due to the consistency in structure and functions of their organoids. Recently, exogenous decellularized porcine ECM was added to this magnetic platform to stimulate an ideal environment for cell tethering, proliferation, and/or differentiation. The combination of these SG tissue biofabrication strategies will promptly allow for in vitro organoid formation and establishment of cellular senescent organoids for aging models, but challenges remain in terms of epithelial polarization and lumen formation for unidirectional fluid flow. Current magnetic bioprinting nanotechnologies can provide promising functional and aging features to in vitro craniofacial exocrine gland organoids, which can be utilized for novel drug discovery and/or clinical transplantation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Toan V Phan
- Avatar Biotechnologies for Oral Health and Healthy Longevity Research Unit, Department of Research Affairs, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; International Graduate Program in Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Yamin Oo
- Avatar Biotechnologies for Oral Health and Healthy Longevity Research Unit, Department of Research Affairs, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Khurshid Ahmed
- Avatar Biotechnologies for Oral Health and Healthy Longevity Research Unit, Department of Research Affairs, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; Department of Industrial Biotechnology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - Teerapat Rodboon
- Avatar Biotechnologies for Oral Health and Healthy Longevity Research Unit, Department of Research Affairs, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Navamindradhiraj University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Vinicius Rosa
- Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; Centre for Advanced 2D Materials, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Design and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; ORCHIDS: Oral Care Health Innovations and Designs Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Supansa Yodmuang
- Avatar Biotechnologies for Oral Health and Healthy Longevity Research Unit, Department of Research Affairs, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; Department of Research Affairs, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Joao N Ferreira
- Avatar Biotechnologies for Oral Health and Healthy Longevity Research Unit, Department of Research Affairs, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Giri J, Moll G. MSCs in Space: Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Therapeutics as Enabling Technology for Long-Distance Manned Space Travel. CURRENT STEM CELL REPORTS 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s40778-022-00207-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Purpose of Review
Advancements in space travel, such as space tourism into Earth’s orbit, but also the prospect of long-distance manned space travel to other celestial bodies such as Mars, has generated a clinical need for new enabling technologies to support the long-term well-being of humans during their passage. Here, we will give an outline on the clinical need and practical considerations to MSC therapy as enabling technology for long-distance manned space travel.
Recent Findings
Long-distance space travel entails a threat to the health of astronaut crews due to the low gravity environment and exposure to toxic radiation in space. Multi-organ-system degenerative changes, such as decline in musculoskeletal, hematopoietic, immune system function, and in particular risk of genetic mutations and cancer, are major health concerns. Physical training, pharmacological agents, and protective shielding are among the currently available methods to counteract harmful effects. However, a potential lack of adequate shielding, side effects of pharmacological compounds, and limitations to physical training suggest a need for new countermeasures, to protect space travellers to the best extent. Here, the prospect of cell-based therapy, e.g. mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs), has been subject to intense research, due to their potent regenerative and immunomodulatory properties. Off-the-shelf MSC therapeutics can be easily maintained in space due to the ambient extremely low-temperature environment, and cryorecovery and even culturing of MSCs under microgravity were shown to be feasible.
Summary
Designing new therapy against harmful radiation is urgent need in space travel. Here we will discuss aspects related to clinical MSC administration to optimize their therapeutic benefit. MSC-based therapy may aid in evolving protective countermeasures for space travellers.
Collapse
|
5
|
Human mesenchymal stromal cells maintain their stem cell traits after high-LET particle irradiation - Potential implications for particle radiotherapy and manned space missions. Cancer Lett 2022; 524:172-181. [PMID: 34688844 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2021.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The influence of high-linear energy transfer (LET) particle radiation on the functionalities of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) is largely unknown. Here, we analyzed the effects of proton (1H), helium (4He), carbon (12C) and oxygen (16O) ions on human bone marrow-MSCs. Cell cycle distribution and apoptosis induction were examined by flow cytometry, and DNA damage was quantified using γH2AX immunofluorescence and Western blots. Relative biological effectiveness values of MSCs amounted to 1.0-1.1 for 1H, 1.7-2.3 for 4He, 2.9-3.4 for 12C and 2.6-3.3 for 16O. Particle radiation did not alter the MSCs' characteristic surface marker pattern, and MSCs maintained their multi-lineage differentiation capabilities. Apoptosis rates ranged low for all radiation modalities. At 24 h after irradiation, particle radiation-induced ATM and CHK2 phosphorylation as well as γH2AX foci numbers returned to baseline levels. The resistance of human MSCs to high-LET irradiation suggests that MSCs remain functional after exposure to moderate doses of particle radiation as seen in normal tissues after particle radiotherapy or during manned space flights. In the future, in vivo models focusing on long-term consequences of particle irradiation on the bone marrow niche and MSCs are needed.
Collapse
|
6
|
Rühle A, Grosu AL, Nicolay NH. The Particle Radiobiology of Multipotent Mesenchymal Stromal Cells: A Key to Mitigating Radiation-Induced Tissue Toxicities in Cancer Treatment and Beyond? Front Oncol 2021; 11:616831. [PMID: 33912447 PMCID: PMC8071947 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.616831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) comprise a heterogeneous population of multipotent stromal cells that have gained attention for the treatment of irradiation-induced normal tissue toxicities due to their regenerative abilities. As the vast majority of studies focused on the effects of MSCs for photon irradiation-induced toxicities, little is known about the regenerative abilities of MSCs for particle irradiation-induced tissue damage or the effects of particle irradiation on the stem cell characteristics of MSCs themselves. MSC-based therapies may help treat particle irradiation-related tissue lesions in the context of cancer radiotherapy. As the number of clinical proton therapy centers is increasing, there is a need to decidedly investigate MSC-based treatments for particle irradiation-induced sequelae. Furthermore, therapies with MSCs or MSC-derived exosomes may also become a useful tool for manned space exploration or after radiation accidents and nuclear terrorism. However, such treatments require an in-depth knowledge about the effects of particle radiation on MSCs and the effects of MSCs on particle radiation-injured tissues. Here, the existing body of evidence regarding the particle radiobiology of MSCs as well as regarding MSC-based treatments for some typical particle irradiation-induced toxicities is presented and critically discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Rühle
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Freiburg - Medical Center, Freiburg, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) Partner Site Freiburg, German Cancer Research Center (dkfz), Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Molecular Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (dkfz), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anca-Ligia Grosu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Freiburg - Medical Center, Freiburg, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) Partner Site Freiburg, German Cancer Research Center (dkfz), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Nils H Nicolay
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Freiburg - Medical Center, Freiburg, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) Partner Site Freiburg, German Cancer Research Center (dkfz), Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Molecular Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (dkfz), Heidelberg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Tovar I, Guerrero R, López-Peñalver JJ, Expósito J, Ruiz de Almodóvar JM. Rationale for the Use of Radiation-Activated Mesenchymal Stromal/Stem Cells in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome. Cells 2020; 9:cells9092015. [PMID: 32887260 PMCID: PMC7565018 DOI: 10.3390/cells9092015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 08/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
We have previously shown that the combination of radiotherapy with human umbilical-cord-derived mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) cell therapy significantly reduces the size of the xenotumors in mice, both in the directly irradiated tumor and in the distant nonirradiated tumor or its metastasis. We have also shown that exosomes secreted from MSCs preirradiated with 2 Gy are quantitatively, functionally and qualitatively different from the exosomes secreted from nonirradiated mesenchymal cells, and also that proteins, exosomes and microvesicles secreted by MSCs suffer a significant change when the cells are activated or nonactivated, with the amount of protein present in the exosomes of the preirradiated cells being 1.5 times greater compared to those from nonirradiated cells. This finding correlates with a dramatic increase in the antitumor activity of the radiotherapy when is combined with MSCs or with preirradiated mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs*). After the proteomic analysis of the load of the exosomes released from both irradiated and nonirradiated cells, we conclude that annexin A1 is the most important and significant difference between the exosomes released by the cells in either status. Knowing the role of annexin A1 in the control of hypoxia and inflammation that is characteristic of acute respiratory-distress syndrome (ARDS), we designed a hypothetical therapeutic strategy, based on the transplantation of mesenchymal stromal/stem cells stimulated with radiation, to alleviate the symptoms of patients who, due to pneumonia caused by SARS-CoV-2, require to be admitted to an intensive care unit for patients with life-threatening conditions. With this hypothesis, we seek to improve the patients' respiratory capacity and increase the expectations of their cure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Tovar
- Departamento de Oncología Médica y Radioterapia, Servicio Andaluz de Salud (SAS), Avenida de las Fuerzas Armadas 2, 18014 Granada, Spain; (I.T.); (R.G.); (J.E.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria, Ibis Granada, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Avenida de las Fuerzas Armadas 2, 18014 Granada, Spain
| | - Rosa Guerrero
- Departamento de Oncología Médica y Radioterapia, Servicio Andaluz de Salud (SAS), Avenida de las Fuerzas Armadas 2, 18014 Granada, Spain; (I.T.); (R.G.); (J.E.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria, Ibis Granada, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Avenida de las Fuerzas Armadas 2, 18014 Granada, Spain
| | - Jesús J. López-Peñalver
- Unidad de Radiología Experimental, Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Universidad de Granada, PTS Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain;
| | - José Expósito
- Departamento de Oncología Médica y Radioterapia, Servicio Andaluz de Salud (SAS), Avenida de las Fuerzas Armadas 2, 18014 Granada, Spain; (I.T.); (R.G.); (J.E.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria, Ibis Granada, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Avenida de las Fuerzas Armadas 2, 18014 Granada, Spain
- Departamento de Radiología y Medicina Física, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Granada, PTS Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
banimohamad-shotorbani B, Kahroba H, Sadeghzadeh H, Wilson DM, Maadi H, Samadi N, Hejazi MS, Farajpour H, Onari BN, Sadeghi MR. DNA damage repair response in mesenchymal stromal cells: From cellular senescence and aging to apoptosis and differentiation ability. Ageing Res Rev 2020; 62:101125. [PMID: 32683038 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2020.101125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2019] [Revised: 07/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are heterogeneous and contain several populations, including stem cells. MSCs' secretome has the ability to induce proliferation, differentiation, chemo-attraction, anti-apoptosis, and immunomodulation activities in stem cells. Moreover, these cells recognize tissue damage caused by drugs, radiation (e.g., Ultraviolet, infra-red) and oxidative stress, and respond in two ways: either MSCs differentiate into particular cell lineages to preserve tissue homeostasis, or they release a regenerative secretome to activate tissue repairing mechanisms. The maintenance of MSCs in quiescence can increase the incidence and accumulation of various forms of genomic modifications, particularly upon environmental insults. Thus, dysregulated DNA repair pathways can predispose MSCs to senescence or apoptosis, reducing their stemness and self-renewal properties. For instance, DNA damage can impair telomere replication, activating DNA damage checkpoints to maintain MSC function. In this review, we aim to summarize the role of DNA damage and associated repair responses in MSC senescence, differentiation and programmed cell death.
Collapse
|
9
|
The Therapeutic Potential of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells in the Treatment of Chemotherapy-Induced Tissue Damage. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2020; 15:356-373. [PMID: 30937640 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-019-09886-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Chemotherapy constitutes one of the key treatment modalities for solid and hematological malignancies. Albeit being an effective treatment, chemotherapy application is often limited by its damage to healthy tissues, and curative treatment options for chemotherapy-related side effects are largely missing. As mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are known to exhibit regenerative capacity mainly by supporting a beneficial microenvironment for tissue repair, MSC-based therapies may attenuate chemotherapy-induced tissue injuries. An increasing number of animal studies shows favorable effects of MSC-based treatments; however, clinical trials for MSC therapies in the context of chemotherapy-related side effects are rare. In this concise review, we summarize the current knowledge of the effects of MSCs on chemotherapy-induced tissue toxicities. Both preclinical and early clinical trials investigating MSC-based treatments for chemotherapy-related side reactions are presented, and mechanistic explanations about the regenerative effects of MSCs in the context of chemotherapy-induced tissue damage are discussed. Furthermore, challenges of MSC-based treatments are outlined that need closer investigations before these multipotent cells can be safely applied to cancer patients. As any pro-tumorigenicity of MSCs needs to be ruled out prior to clinical utilization of these cells for cancer patients, the pro- and anti-tumorigenic activities of MSCs are discussed in detail.
Collapse
|
10
|
Bao X, Wang J, Zhou G, Aszodi A, Schönitzer V, Scherthan H, Atkinson MJ, Rosemann M. Extended in vitro culture of primary human mesenchymal stem cells downregulates Brca1-related genes and impairs DNA double-strand break recognition. FEBS Open Bio 2020; 10:1238-1250. [PMID: 32333827 PMCID: PMC7327915 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.12867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multilineage adult stem cells with considerable potential for cell‐based regenerative therapies. In vitro expansion changes their epigenetic and cellular properties, with a poorly understood impact on DNA damage response (DDR) and genome stability. We report here results of a transcriptome‐based pathway analysis of in vitro‐expanded human bone marrow‐derived mesenchymal stem cell (hBM‐MSCs), supplemented with cellular assays focusing on DNA double‐strand break (DSB) repair. Gene pathways affected by in vitro aging were mapped using gene ontology, KEGG, and GSEA, and were found to involve DNA repair, homologous recombination (HR), cell cycle control, and chromosomal replication. Assays for the recognition (γ‐H2AX + 53BP1 foci) and repair (pBRCA1 + γ‐H2AX foci) of X‐ray‐induced DNA DSBs in hBM‐MSCs show that over a period of 8 weeks of in vitro aging (i.e., about 10 doubling times), cells exhibit a reduced DDR and a higher fraction of residual DNA damage. Furthermore, a distinct subpopulation of cells with impaired DNA DSB recognition was observed. Several genes that participate in DNA repair by HR (e.g., Rad51, Rad54, BRCA1) show a 2.3‐ to fourfold reduction of their mRNA expression by qRT‐PCR. We conclude that the in vitro expansion of hMSCs can lead to aging‐related impairment of the recognition and repair of DNA breaks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuanwen Bao
- Institute of Radiation Biology, Helmholtz Center Munich - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.,Medical Graduate School, Technical University of Munich, Germany
| | - Jing Wang
- Institute of Radiation Biology, Helmholtz Center Munich - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.,Medical Graduate School, Technical University of Munich, Germany
| | - Guangming Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Attila Aszodi
- Laboratory of Experimental Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, Clinic for General, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Veronika Schönitzer
- Laboratory of Experimental Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, Clinic for General, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Harry Scherthan
- Bundeswehr Institute of Radiobiology, Affiliated to the University of Ulm, Munich, Germany
| | - Michael J Atkinson
- Institute of Radiation Biology, Helmholtz Center Munich - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.,Radiation Biology, Technical University of Munich, Germany
| | - Michael Rosemann
- Institute of Radiation Biology, Helmholtz Center Munich - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.,Medical Graduate School, Technical University of Munich, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Rühle A, Thomsen A, Saffrich R, Voglstätter M, Bieber B, Sprave T, Wuchter P, Vaupel P, Huber PE, Grosu AL, Nicolay NH. Multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells are sensitive to thermic stress – potential implications for therapeutic hyperthermia. Int J Hyperthermia 2020; 37:430-441. [DOI: 10.1080/02656736.2020.1758350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Rühle
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Freiburg University Medical Center, Freiburg, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) Partner Site Freiburg, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Molecular Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Andreas Thomsen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Freiburg University Medical Center, Freiburg, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) Partner Site Freiburg, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Rainer Saffrich
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Immunology, German Red Cross Blood Service Baden-Württemberg-Hessen, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Maren Voglstätter
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Freiburg University Medical Center, Freiburg, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) Partner Site Freiburg, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Birgit Bieber
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Freiburg University Medical Center, Freiburg, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) Partner Site Freiburg, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Tanja Sprave
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Freiburg University Medical Center, Freiburg, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) Partner Site Freiburg, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Patrick Wuchter
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Immunology, German Red Cross Blood Service Baden-Württemberg-Hessen, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Peter Vaupel
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Freiburg University Medical Center, Freiburg, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) Partner Site Freiburg, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Peter E. Huber
- Department of Molecular Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anca-Ligia Grosu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Freiburg University Medical Center, Freiburg, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) Partner Site Freiburg, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Nils H. Nicolay
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Freiburg University Medical Center, Freiburg, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) Partner Site Freiburg, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Molecular Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Farias VDA, Tovar I, del Moral R, O'Valle F, Expósito J, Oliver FJ, Ruiz de Almodóvar JM. Enhancing the Bystander and Abscopal Effects to Improve Radiotherapy Outcomes. Front Oncol 2020; 9:1381. [PMID: 31970082 PMCID: PMC6960107 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.01381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In this paper, we summarize published articles and experiences related to the attempt to improve radiotherapy outcomes and, thus, to personalize the radiation treatment according to the individual characteristics of each patient. The evolution of ideas and the study of successively published data have led us to envisage new biophysical models for the interpretation of tumor and healthy normal tissue response to radiation. In the development of the model, we have shown that when mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and radiotherapy are administered simultaneously in experimental radiotherapy on xenotumors implanted in a murine model, the results of the treatment show the existence of a synergic mechanism that is able to enhance the local and systemic actions of the radiation both on the treated tumor and on its possible metastasis. We are convinced that, due to the physical hallmarks that characterize the neoplastic tissues, the physical-chemical tropism of MSCs, and the widespread functions of macromolecules, proteins, and exosomes released from activated MSCs, the combination of radiotherapy plus MSCs used intratumorally has the effect of counteracting the pro-tumorigenic and pro-metastatic signals that contribute to the growth, spread, and resistance of the tumor cells. Therefore, we have concluded that MSCs are appropriate for therapeutic use in a clinical trial for rectal cancer combined with radiotherapy, which we are going to start in the near future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Virgínea de Araújo Farias
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Biopatología y Medicina Regenerativa, PTS Granada, Granada, Spain
- CIBERONC (Instituto de Salud Carlos III), Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Parasitología y Biomedicina “López Neyra”, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, PTS Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Isabel Tovar
- Complejo Hospitalario de Granada, Servicio Andaluz de Salud, PTS Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Rosario del Moral
- Complejo Hospitalario de Granada, Servicio Andaluz de Salud, PTS Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Francisco O'Valle
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Biopatología y Medicina Regenerativa, PTS Granada, Granada, Spain
- CIBERONC (Instituto de Salud Carlos III), Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Parasitología y Biomedicina “López Neyra”, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, PTS Granada, Granada, Spain
- Departamento de Anatomía Patológica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Granada, PTS Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - José Expósito
- Complejo Hospitalario de Granada, Servicio Andaluz de Salud, PTS Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Francisco Javier Oliver
- CIBERONC (Instituto de Salud Carlos III), Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Parasitología y Biomedicina “López Neyra”, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, PTS Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - José Mariano Ruiz de Almodóvar
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Biopatología y Medicina Regenerativa, PTS Granada, Granada, Spain
- CIBERONC (Instituto de Salud Carlos III), Granada, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Mesenchymal stem cells preserve their stem cell traits after exposure to antimetabolite chemotherapy. Stem Cell Res 2019; 40:101536. [DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2019.101536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Revised: 06/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
|
14
|
Hladik D, Höfig I, Oestreicher U, Beckers J, Matjanovski M, Bao X, Scherthan H, Atkinson MJ, Rosemann M. Long-term culture of mesenchymal stem cells impairs ATM-dependent recognition of DNA breaks and increases genetic instability. Stem Cell Res Ther 2019; 10:218. [PMID: 31358047 PMCID: PMC6664790 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-019-1334-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Revised: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are attracting increasing interest for cell-based therapies, making use of both their immuno-modulating and regenerative potential. For such therapeutic applications, a massive in vitro expansion of donor cells is usually necessary to furnish sufficient material for transplantation. It is not established to what extent the long-term genomic stability and potency of MSCs can be compromised as a result of this rapid ex vivo expansion. In this study, we investigated the DNA damage response and chromosomal stability (indicated by micronuclei induction) after sub-lethal doses of gamma irradiation in murine MSCs at different stages of their in vitro expansion. METHODS Bone-marrow-derived tri-potent MSCs were explanted from 3-month-old female FVB/N mice and expanded in vitro for up to 12 weeks. DNA damage response and repair kinetics after gamma irradiation were quantified by the induction of γH2AX/53BP1 DSB repair foci. Micronuclei were counted in post-mitotic, binucleated cells using an automated image analyzer Metafer4. Involvement of DNA damage response pathways was tested using chemical ATM and DNA-PK inhibitors. RESULTS Murine bone-marrow-derived MSCs in long-term expansion culture gradually lose their ability to recognize endogenous and radiation-induced DNA double-strand breaks. This impaired DNA damage response, indicated by a decrease in the number of γH2AX/53BP1 DSB repair foci, was associated with reduced ATM dependency of foci formation, a slower DNA repair kinetics, and an increased number of residual DNA double-strand breaks 7 h post irradiation. In parallel with this impaired efficiency of DNA break recognition and repair in older MSCs, chromosomal instability after mitosis increased significantly as shown by a higher number of micronuclei, both spontaneously and induced by γ-irradiation. Multifactorial regression analysis demonstrates that in vitro aging reduced DNA damage recognition in MSCs after irradiation by a multiplicative interaction with dose (p < 0.0001), whereas the increased frequency of micronuclei was caused by an additive interaction between in vitro aging and radiation dose. CONCLUSION The detrimental impact of long-term in vitro expansion on DNA damage response of MSCs warrants a regular monitoring of this process during the ex vivo growth of these cells to improve therapeutic safety and efficiency.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Hladik
- Institute of Radiation Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München GmbH, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Ines Höfig
- Institute of Radiation Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München GmbH, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany.,Present Address: BioNTech IMFS, Vollmersbachstr. 66, 55743, Idar-Oberstein, Germany
| | - Ursula Oestreicher
- BfS Federal Office for Radiation Protection, Ingolstaedter Landstr. 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Johannes Beckers
- Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München GmbH, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764, Neuherberg, Germany.,Chair of Experimental Genetics, Technische Universität München, Wissenschaftszentrum Weihenstephan, 85354, Freising, Germany
| | - Martina Matjanovski
- Institute of Radiation Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München GmbH, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Xuanwen Bao
- Institute of Radiation Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München GmbH, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Harry Scherthan
- Bundeswehr Institute of Radiobiology, University of Ulm, Neuherbergstr. 11, 80937, Munich, Germany
| | - Michael J Atkinson
- Institute of Radiation Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München GmbH, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany.,Chair of Radiation Biology, Technical University of Munich, 81675, Munich, Germany
| | - Michael Rosemann
- Institute of Radiation Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München GmbH, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Printzell L, Reseland JE, Edin NFJ, Ellingsen JE. Effects of ionizing irradiation and interface backscatter on human mesenchymal stem cells cultured on titanium surfaces. Eur J Oral Sci 2019; 127:500-507. [PMID: 31322296 DOI: 10.1111/eos.12654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Radiotherapy to the head and neck region negatively influences the osseointegration and survival of dental implants. The effects of cobalt 60 (60 Co) ionizing radiation and the impact of backscatter rays were investigated on human mesenchymal stem cells cultured on titanium surfaces. Bone marrow-derived human mesenchymal stem cells were seeded on titanium (Ti), fluoride-modified titanium (TiF), and tissue culture plastic. Cells were exposed to ionizing γ-radiation in single doses of 2, 6, or 10 Gy using a 60 Co source. Density and distribution of cells were evaluated using confocal laser-scanning microscopy, 21 d post-irradiation. Lactate dehydrogenase concentration and the levels of total protein and cytokines/chemokines were measured in the cell-culture medium on days 1, 3, 7, 14, and 21 post-irradiation. Unirradiated cells were used as the control. Irradiation had no effect on cell viability, collagen and actin expression, or cell distribution, but induced an initial increase in the secretion of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP-1), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), followed by a decrease in secretion after 3 or 7 d. Irradiation resulted in secretion of a lower amount of all analytes examined compared with controls on day 21, irrespective of radiation dose and growth surface. Backscattering from titanium did not influence the cell response significantly, suggesting a clinical potential for achieving successful osseointegration of dental implants placed before radiotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Printzell
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty for Dentistry, Institute of Clinical Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Janne E Reseland
- Department of Biomaterials, Faculty for Dentistry, Institute of Clinical Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Nina F J Edin
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jan E Ellingsen
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty for Dentistry, Institute of Clinical Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Hartfiel S, Häfner M, Perez RL, Rühle A, Trinh T, Debus J, Huber PE, Nicolay NH. Differential response of esophageal cancer cells to particle irradiation. Radiat Oncol 2019; 14:119. [PMID: 31286978 PMCID: PMC6615091 DOI: 10.1186/s13014-019-1326-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Radiation therapy is a mainstay in the treatment of esophageal cancer (EC) patients, and photon radiotherapy has proved beneficial both in the neoadjuvant and the definitive setting. However, regarding the still poor prognosis of many EC patients, particle radiation employing a higher biological effectiveness may help to further improve patient outcomes. However, the influence of clinically available particle radiation on EC cells remains largely unknown. Methods Patient-derived esophageal adenocarcinoma and squamous cell cancer lines were treated with photon and particle irradiation using clinically available proton (1H), carbon (12C) or oxygen (16O) beams at the Heidelberg Ion Therapy Center. Histology-dependent clonogenic survival was calculated for increasing physical radiation doses, and resulting relative biological effectiveness (RBE) was calculated for each radiation modality. Cell cycle effects caused by photon and particle radiation were assessed, and radiation-induced apoptosis was measured in adenocarcinoma and squamous cell EC samples by activated caspase-3 and sub-G1 populations. Repair kinetics of DNA double strand breaks induced by photon and particle radiation were investigated. Results While both adenocarcinoma EC cell lines demonstrated increasing sensitivities for 1H, 12C and 16O radiation, the two squamous cell carcinoma lines exhibited a more heterogeneous response to photon and particle treatment; average RBE values were calculated as 1.15 for 1H, 2.3 for 12C and 2.5 for 16O irradiation. After particle irradiation, squamous cell EC samples reacted with an increased and prolonged block in G2 phase of the cell cycle compared to adenocarcinoma cells. Particle radiation resulted in an incomplete repair of radiation-induced DNA double strand breaks in both adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma samples, with the levels of initial strand break induction correlating well with the individual cellular survival after photon and particle radiation. Similarly, EC samples demonstrated heterogeneous levels of radiation-induced apoptosis that also corresponded to the observed cellular survival of individual cell lines. Conclusions Esophageal cancer cells exhibit differential responses to irradiation with photons and 1H, 12C and 16O particles that were independent of tumor histology. Therefore, yet unknown molecular markers beyond histology may help to establish which esophageal cancer patients benefit from the biological effects of particle treatment. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13014-019-1326-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Hartfiel
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Molecular Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Heavy Ion Therapy Center (HIT), Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 450, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Matthias Häfner
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.,Heavy Ion Therapy Center (HIT), Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 450, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ramon Lopez Perez
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Molecular Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Alexander Rühle
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Molecular Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Heavy Ion Therapy Center (HIT), Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 450, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thuy Trinh
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Molecular Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Heavy Ion Therapy Center (HIT), Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 450, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jürgen Debus
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.,Heavy Ion Therapy Center (HIT), Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 450, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Peter E Huber
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Molecular Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Heavy Ion Therapy Center (HIT), Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 450, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Nils H Nicolay
- Department of Molecular Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany. .,Department of Radiation Oncology, University Medical Center Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Robert-Koch-Straße 3, 79106, Freiburg, Germany. .,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) Partner Site Freiburg, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Spiegel JL, Hambrecht M, Kohlbauer V, Haubner F, Ihler F, Canis M, Schilling AF, Böker KO, Dressel R, Streckfuss-Bömeke K, Jakob M. Radiation-induced sensitivity of tissue-resident mesenchymal stem cells in the head and neck region. Head Neck 2019; 41:2892-2903. [PMID: 31017352 DOI: 10.1002/hed.25768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Revised: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tissue-resident mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) possess the ability to migrate to areas of inflammation and promote the regeneration of damaged tissue. However, it remains unclear how radiation influences this capacity of MSC in the head and neck region. METHODS Two types of MSCs of the head and neck region (mucosa [mMSC] and parotid gland [pMSC]) were isolated, cultured and exposed to single radiation dosages of 2 Gy/day up to 10 days. Effects on morphology, colony forming ability, apoptosis, chemokine receptor expression, cytokine secretion, and cell migration were analyzed. RESULTS Although MSC preserved MSC-specific regenerative abilities and immunomodulatory properties following irradiation in our in vitro model, we found a deleterious impact on colony forming ability, especially in pMSC. CONCLUSIONS MSC exhibited robustness and activation upon radiation for the support of tissue regeneration, but lost their potential to replicate, thus possibly leading to depletion of the local MSC-pool after irradiation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L Spiegel
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Klinikum der Universitaet Muenchen, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitaet Muenchen, Munich, Germany
| | - Mario Hambrecht
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Universitaetsmedizin Goettingen, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Vera Kohlbauer
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Klinikum der Universitaet Muenchen, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitaet Muenchen, Munich, Germany
| | - Frank Haubner
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Klinikum der Universitaet Muenchen, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitaet Muenchen, Munich, Germany
| | - Friedrich Ihler
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Klinikum der Universitaet Muenchen, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitaet Muenchen, Munich, Germany.,German Center for Vertigo and Balance Disorders, Klinikum der Universitaet Muenchen, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitaet Muenchen, Munich, Germany
| | - Martin Canis
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Klinikum der Universitaet Muenchen, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitaet Muenchen, Munich, Germany
| | - Arndt F Schilling
- Department of Trauma Surgery, Orthopedics and Plastic Surgery, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Kai O Böker
- Department of Trauma Surgery, Orthopedics and Plastic Surgery, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Ralf Dressel
- Institute of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Katrin Streckfuss-Bömeke
- Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany.,DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Mark Jakob
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Klinikum der Universitaet Muenchen, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitaet Muenchen, Munich, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Xiang Y, Wu C, Wu J, Quan W, Cheng C, Zhou J, Chen L, Xiang L, Li F, Zhang K, Ran Q, Zhang Y, Li Z. In vitro expansion affects the response of human bone marrow stromal cells to irradiation. Stem Cell Res Ther 2019; 10:82. [PMID: 30850008 PMCID: PMC6408817 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-019-1191-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2018] [Revised: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) are extensively used in regeneration therapy and cytology experiments simulate how BMSCs respond to radiation. Due to the small number and the heterogeneity of primary isolated BMSCs, extensive in vitro expansion is usually required before application, which affects the cellular characteristics and gene expression of BMSCs. However, whether the radiation response of BMSCs changes during in vitro expansion is unclear. METHODS In this study, BMSCs were passaged in vitro and irradiated at passage 6 (P6) and passage 10 (P10). Then, apoptosis, the cell cycle, senescence, the cytokine secretion and the gene expression profile were analysed for the P6, P10, and non-irradiated (control) BMSCs at different post-irradiation time points. RESULTS The P6 BMSCs had a lower percentage of apoptotic cells than the P10 BMSCs at 24 and 48 h post-irradiation but not compared to that of the controls at 2 and 8 h post-irradiation. The P6 BMSCs had a lower percentage of cells in S phase and a higher percentage in G1 phase than the P10 BMSCs at 2 and 8 h post-irradiation. The radiation had similar effects on the senescent cell level and impaired immunomodulation capacity of the P6 and P10 BMSCs. Regardless of whether they were irradiated, the P6 and P10 BMSCs always expressed a distinctive set of genes. The upregulated genes were enriched in pathways including the cell cycle, DNA replication and oocyte meiosis. Then, a subset of conserved irradiation response genes across the BMSCs was identified, comprising 12 differentially upregulated genes and 5 differentially downregulated genes. These genes were especially associated with the p53 signaling pathway, DNA damage and DNA repair. Furthermore, validation experiments revealed that the mRNA and protein levels of these conserved genes were different between the P6 and P10 BMSCs after irradiation. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis supported these findings and further revealed the effects of cell passage on the irradiation response in BMSCs. CONCLUSION The results indicated that cell passage in vitro affected the irradiation response of BMSCs via molecular mechanisms that mediated differences in apoptosis, the cell cycle, senescence and the cytokine secretion. Thus, accurate cell passage information is not only important for transplantation therapy but also for future studies on the radiation response in BMSCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Xiang
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Irradiation biology laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, Xinqiao Road, Shapingba, Chongqing, 400037 China
| | - Chun Wu
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Irradiation biology laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, Xinqiao Road, Shapingba, Chongqing, 400037 China
- Central Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, Xinqiao Road, Shapingba, Chongqing, 400037 China
| | - Jiang Wu
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Irradiation biology laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, Xinqiao Road, Shapingba, Chongqing, 400037 China
| | - Weili Quan
- Center for Genome Analysis, ABLife Inc., Wuhan, 430075 Hubei China
| | - Chao Cheng
- Center for Genome Analysis, ABLife Inc., Wuhan, 430075 Hubei China
| | - Jian Zhou
- Center for Genome Analysis, ABLife Inc., Wuhan, 430075 Hubei China
| | - Li Chen
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Irradiation biology laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, Xinqiao Road, Shapingba, Chongqing, 400037 China
| | - Lixin Xiang
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Irradiation biology laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, Xinqiao Road, Shapingba, Chongqing, 400037 China
| | - Fengjie Li
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Irradiation biology laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, Xinqiao Road, Shapingba, Chongqing, 400037 China
| | - Kebin Zhang
- Central Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, Xinqiao Road, Shapingba, Chongqing, 400037 China
| | - Qian Ran
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Irradiation biology laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, Xinqiao Road, Shapingba, Chongqing, 400037 China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Center for Genome Analysis, ABLife Inc., Wuhan, 430075 Hubei China
| | - Zhongjun Li
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Irradiation biology laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, Xinqiao Road, Shapingba, Chongqing, 400037 China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Lopez Perez R, Nicolay NH, Wolf JC, Frister M, Schmezer P, Weber KJ, Huber PE. DNA damage response of clinical carbon ion versus photon radiation in human glioblastoma cells. Radiother Oncol 2019; 133:77-86. [PMID: 30935585 DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2018.12.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Revised: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 12/30/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Carbon ion radiotherapy is a promising therapeutic option for glioblastoma patients due to its high physical dose conformity and greater biological effectiveness than photons. However, the biological effects of carbon ion radiation are still incompletely understood. Here, we systematically compared the biological effects of clinically used carbon ion radiation to photon radiation with emphasis on DNA repair. MATERIALS AND METHODS Two human glioblastoma cell lines (U87 and LN229) were irradiated with carbon ions or photons and DNA damage response was systematically analyzed, including clonogenic survival, induction and repair of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs), cell cycle arrest and apoptosis or autophagy. γH2AX foci were analyzed by flow cytometry, conventional light microscopy and 3D superresolution microscopy. RESULTS DSBs were repaired delayed and with slower kinetics after carbon ions versus photons. Carbon ions caused stronger and longer-lasting cell cycle delays, predominantly in G2 phase, and a higher rate of apoptosis. Compared to photons, the effectiveness of carbon ions was less cell cycle-dependent. Homologous recombination (HR) appeared to be more important for DSB repair after carbon ions versus photons in phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN)-deficient U87 cells, as opposed to PTEN-proficient LN229 cells. CONCLUSION Carbon ions induced more severe DSB damage than photons, which was repaired less efficiently in both cell lines. Thus, carbon ion radiotherapy may help to overcome resistance mechanisms of glioblastoma associated with DNA repair for example in combination with repair pathway-specific drugs in the context of personalized radiotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ramon Lopez Perez
- CCU Molecular and Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center and Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Germany.
| | - Nils H Nicolay
- CCU Molecular and Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center and Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Germany; Department of Radiation Oncology, Freiburg University Medical Center, Germany
| | - Jörg-Christian Wolf
- CCU Molecular and Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center and Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Germany
| | - Moritz Frister
- CCU Molecular and Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center and Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Germany
| | - Peter Schmezer
- Epigenomics and Cancer Risk Factors, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Klaus-Josef Weber
- CCU Molecular and Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center and Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Germany
| | - Peter E Huber
- CCU Molecular and Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center and Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Fabbrizi MR, Warshowsky KE, Zobel CL, Hallahan DE, Sharma GG. Molecular and epigenetic regulatory mechanisms of normal stem cell radiosensitivity. Cell Death Discov 2018; 4:117. [PMID: 30588339 PMCID: PMC6299079 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-018-0132-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Revised: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Ionizing radiation (IR) therapy is a major cancer treatment modality and an indispensable auxiliary treatment for primary and metastatic cancers, but invariably results in debilitating organ dysfunctions. IR-induced depletion of neural stem/progenitor cells in the subgranular zone of the dentate gyrus in the hippocampus where neurogenesis occurs is considered largely responsible for deficiencies such as learning, memory, and spatial information processing in patients subjected to cranial irradiation. Similarly, IR therapy-induced intestinal injuries such as diarrhea and malabsorption are common side effects in patients with gastrointestinal tumors and are believed to be caused by intestinal stem cell drop out. Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is currently used to reinstate blood production in leukemia patients and pre-clinical treatments show promising results in other organs such as the skin and kidney, but ethical issues and logistic problems make this route difficult to follow. An alternative way to restore the injured tissue is to preserve the stem cell pool located in that specific tissue/organ niche, but stem cell response to ionizing radiation is inadequately understood at the molecular mechanistic level. Although embryonic and fetal hypersensity to IR has been very well known for many decades, research on embryonic stem cell models in culture concerning molecular mechanisms have been largely inconclusive and often in contradiction of the in vivo observations. This review will summarize the latest discoveries on stem cell radiosensitivity, highlighting the possible molecular and epigenetic mechanism(s) involved in DNA damage response and programmed cell death after ionizing radiation therapy specific to normal stem cells. Finally, we will analyze the possible contribution of stem cell-specific chromatin's epigenetic constitution in promoting normal stem cell radiosensitivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Rita Fabbrizi
- Cancer Biology Division, Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, 4511 Forest Park, Saint Louis, MO 63108 USA
| | - Kacie E. Warshowsky
- Cancer Biology Division, Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, 4511 Forest Park, Saint Louis, MO 63108 USA
| | - Cheri L. Zobel
- Cancer Biology Division, Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, 4511 Forest Park, Saint Louis, MO 63108 USA
| | - Dennis E. Hallahan
- Cancer Biology Division, Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, 4511 Forest Park, Saint Louis, MO 63108 USA
- Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63108 USA
| | - Girdhar G. Sharma
- Cancer Biology Division, Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, 4511 Forest Park, Saint Louis, MO 63108 USA
- Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63108 USA
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Zhang J, Qiu X, Xi K, Hu W, Pei H, Nie J, Wang Z, Ding J, Shang P, Li B, Zhou G. Therapeutic ionizing radiation induced bone loss: a review of in vivo and in vitro findings. Connect Tissue Res 2018; 59:509-522. [PMID: 29448860 DOI: 10.1080/03008207.2018.1439482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Radiation therapy is one of the routine treatment modalities for cancer patients. Ionizing radiation (IR) can induce bone loss, and consequently increases the risk of fractures with delayed and nonunion of the bone in the cancer patients who receive radiotherapy. The orchestrated bone remodeling can be disrupted due to the affected behaviors of bone cells, including bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), osteoblasts and osteoclasts. BMSCs and osteoblasts are relatively radioresistant compared with osteoclasts and its progenitors. Owing to different radiosensitivities of bone cells, unbalanced bone remodeling caused by IR is closely associated with the dose absorbed. For doses less than 2 Gy, osteoclastogenesis and adipogenesis by BMSCs are enhanced, while there are limited effects on osteoblasts. High doses (>10 Gy) induce disrupted architecture of bone, which is usually related to decreased osteogenic potential. In this review, studies elucidating the biological effects of IR on bone cells (BMSCs, osteoblasts and osteoclasts) are summarized. Several potential preventions and therapies are also proposed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zhang
- a State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection , Soochow University , Suzhou , China.,b Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions , Suzhou , China
| | - Xinyu Qiu
- a State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection , Soochow University , Suzhou , China.,b Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions , Suzhou , China
| | - Kedi Xi
- a State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection , Soochow University , Suzhou , China.,b Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions , Suzhou , China
| | - Wentao Hu
- a State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection , Soochow University , Suzhou , China.,b Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions , Suzhou , China
| | - Hailong Pei
- a State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection , Soochow University , Suzhou , China.,b Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions , Suzhou , China
| | - Jing Nie
- a State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection , Soochow University , Suzhou , China.,b Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions , Suzhou , China
| | - Ziyang Wang
- a State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection , Soochow University , Suzhou , China.,b Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions , Suzhou , China
| | - Jiahan Ding
- a State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection , Soochow University , Suzhou , China.,b Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions , Suzhou , China
| | - Peng Shang
- a State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection , Soochow University , Suzhou , China.,b Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions , Suzhou , China.,c Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, Institute of Special Environmental Biophysics, School of Life Sciences , Northwestern Polytechnical University , Xi'an , China.,d Research & Development Institute in Shenzhen , Northwestern Polytechnical University, Fictitious College Garden , Shenzhen , China
| | - Bingyan Li
- a State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection , Soochow University , Suzhou , China
| | - Guangming Zhou
- a State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection , Soochow University , Suzhou , China.,b Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions , Suzhou , China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Impact of X-ray Exposure on the Proliferation and Differentiation of Human Pre-Adipocytes. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19092717. [PMID: 30208657 PMCID: PMC6163807 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19092717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Revised: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Radiotherapy is a widely used treatment option for cancer patients as well as for patients with musculoskeletal disorders. Adipocytes, the dominant cell type of adipose tissue, are known to constitute an active part of the tumor microenvironment. Moreover, adipocytes support inflammatory processes and cartilage degradation in chronic inflammatory diseases, i.e., rheumatoid and osteoarthritis. Since the production of inflammatory factors is linked to their differentiation stages, we set out to explore the radiation response of pre-adipocytes that may influence their inflammatory potential and differentiation capacity. This is the first study investigating the effects of X-ray irradiation on the proliferation and differentiation capacity of human primary pre-adipocytes, in comparison to Simpson–Golabi–Behmel Syndrome (SGBS) pre-adipocytes, an often-used in vitro model of human primary pre-adipocytes. Our results demonstrate a dose-dependent reduction of the proliferation capacity for both cell strains, whereas the potential for differentiation was mostly unaffected by irradiation. The expression of markers of adipogenic development, such as transcription factors (PPARγ, C/EBPα and C/EBPβ), as well as the release of adipokines (visfatin, adiponectin and leptin) were not significantly changed upon irradiation. However, after irradiation with high X-ray doses, an increased lipid accumulation was observed, which suggests a radiation-induced response of adipocytes related to inflammation. Our results indicate that pre-adipocytes are radio-resistant, and it remains to be elucidated whether this holds true for the overall inflammatory response of adipocytes upon irradiation.
Collapse
|
23
|
de Araujo Farias V, O’Valle F, Serrano-Saenz S, Anderson P, Andrés E, López-Peñalver J, Tovar I, Nieto A, Santos A, Martín F, Expósito J, Oliver FJ, de Almodóvar JMR. Exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells enhance radiotherapy-induced cell death in tumor and metastatic tumor foci. Mol Cancer 2018; 17:122. [PMID: 30111323 PMCID: PMC6094906 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-018-0867-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We have recently shown that radiotherapy may not only be a successful local and regional treatment but, when combined with MSCs, may also be a novel systemic cancer therapy. This study aimed to investigate the role of exosomes derived from irradiated MSCs in the delay of tumor growth and metastasis after treatment with MSC + radiotherapy (RT). METHODS We have measured tumor growth and metastasis formation, of subcutaneous human melanoma A375 xenografts on NOD/SCID-gamma mice, and the response of tumors to treatment with radiotherapy (2 Gy), mesenchymal cells (MSC), mesenchymal cells plus radiotherapy, and without any treatment. Using proteomic analysis, we studied the cargo of the exosomes released by the MSC treated with 2 Gy, compared with the cargo of exosomes released by MSC without treatment. RESULTS The tumor cell loss rates found after treatment with the combination of MSC and RT and for exclusive RT, were: 44.4% % and 12,1%, respectively. Concomitant and adjuvant use of RT and MSC, increased the mice surviving time 22,5% in this group, with regard to the group of mice treated with exclusive RT and in a 45,3% respect control group. Moreover, the number of metastatic foci found in the internal organs of the mice treated with MSC + RT was 60% less than the mice group treated with RT alone. We reasoned that the exosome secreted by the MSC, could be implicated in tumor growth delay and metastasis control after treatment. CONCLUSIONS Our results show that exosomes derived form MSCs, combined with radiotherapy, are determinant in the enhancement of radiation effects observed in the control of metastatic spread of melanoma cells and suggest that exosome-derived factors could be involved in the bystander, and abscopal effects found after treatment of the tumors with RT plus MSC. Radiotherapy itself may not be systemic, although it might contribute to a systemic effect when used in combination with mesenchymal stem cells owing the ability of irradiated MSCs-derived exosomes to increase the control of tumor growth and metastasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Virgínea de Araujo Farias
- Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Biopatología y Medicina Regenerativa, Centro de Investigación Biomédica, PTS Granada and CIBERONC (Instituto de Salud Carlos III), 18016 Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Parasitología y Biomedicina “López Neyra”, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, PTS Granada, 18016 and CIBERONC (Instituto de Salud Carlos III), Granada, Spain
| | - Francisco O’Valle
- Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Biopatología y Medicina Regenerativa, Centro de Investigación Biomédica, PTS Granada and CIBERONC (Instituto de Salud Carlos III), 18016 Granada, Spain
- Departamento de Anatomía Patológica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Granada, PTS Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Santiago Serrano-Saenz
- Instituto de Parasitología y Biomedicina “López Neyra”, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, PTS Granada, 18016 and CIBERONC (Instituto de Salud Carlos III), Granada, Spain
| | - Per Anderson
- GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Pfizer/Universidad de Granada/Junta de Andalucía, PTS Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Eduardo Andrés
- Instituto de Parasitología y Biomedicina “López Neyra”, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, PTS Granada, 18016 and CIBERONC (Instituto de Salud Carlos III), Granada, Spain
| | - Jesús López-Peñalver
- Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Biopatología y Medicina Regenerativa, Centro de Investigación Biomédica, PTS Granada and CIBERONC (Instituto de Salud Carlos III), 18016 Granada, Spain
- Unidad de radiología experimental, Centro de Instrumentación Científica, Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Universidad de Granada, PTS Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Isabel Tovar
- Complejo Hospitalario de Granada, Servicio Andaluz de Salud, PTS Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Ana Nieto
- Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Biopatología y Medicina Regenerativa, Centro de Investigación Biomédica, PTS Granada and CIBERONC (Instituto de Salud Carlos III), 18016 Granada, Spain
- Unidad de experimentación animal, Centro de Instrumentación Científica, Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Universidad de Granada, PTS Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Ana Santos
- Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Biopatología y Medicina Regenerativa, Centro de Investigación Biomédica, PTS Granada and CIBERONC (Instituto de Salud Carlos III), 18016 Granada, Spain
- Unidad de microscopia, Centro de Instrumentación Científica, Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Universidad de Granada, PTS Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Francisco Martín
- GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Pfizer/Universidad de Granada/Junta de Andalucía, PTS Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - José Expósito
- Complejo Hospitalario de Granada, Servicio Andaluz de Salud, PTS Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - F. Javier Oliver
- Instituto de Parasitología y Biomedicina “López Neyra”, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, PTS Granada, 18016 and CIBERONC (Instituto de Salud Carlos III), Granada, Spain
| | - José Mariano Ruiz de Almodóvar
- Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Biopatología y Medicina Regenerativa, Centro de Investigación Biomédica, PTS Granada and CIBERONC (Instituto de Salud Carlos III), 18016 Granada, Spain
- Complejo Hospitalario de Granada, Servicio Andaluz de Salud, PTS Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Rühle A, Huber PE, Saffrich R, Lopez Perez R, Nicolay NH. The current understanding of mesenchymal stem cells as potential attenuators of chemotherapy-induced toxicity. Int J Cancer 2018; 143:2628-2639. [PMID: 29931767 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.31619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Revised: 05/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Chemotherapeutic agents are part of the standard treatment algorithms for many malignancies; however, their application and dosage are limited by their toxic effects to normal tissues. Chemotherapy-induced toxicities can be long-lasting and may be incompletely reversible; therefore, causative therapies for chemotherapy-dependent side effects are needed, especially considering the increasing survival rates of treated cancer patients. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been shown to exhibit regenerative abilities for various forms of tissue damage. Preclinical data suggest that MSCs may also help to alleviate tissue lesions caused by chemotherapeutic agents, mainly by establishing a protective microenvironment for functional cells. Due to the systemic administration of most anticancer agents, the effects of these drugs on the MSCs themselves are of crucial importance to use stem cell-based approaches for the treatment of chemotherapy-induced tissue toxicities. Here, we present a concise review of the published data regarding the influence of various classes of chemotherapeutic agents on the survival, stem cell characteristics and physiological functions of MSCs. Molecular mechanisms underlying the effects are outlined, and resulting challenges of MSC-based treatments for chemotherapy-induced tissue injuries are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Rühle
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Molecular and Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (dkfz), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Peter E Huber
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Molecular and Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (dkfz), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Rainer Saffrich
- Medical Faculty Mannheim, Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Immunology, German Red Cross Blood Service Baden-Württemberg-Hessen, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Ramon Lopez Perez
- Department of Molecular and Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (dkfz), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Nils H Nicolay
- Department of Molecular and Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (dkfz), Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) Partner Site Freiburg, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Münz F, Lopez Perez R, Trinh T, Sisombath S, Weber KJ, Wuchter P, Debus J, Saffrich R, Huber PE, Nicolay NH. Human mesenchymal stem cells lose their functional properties after paclitaxel treatment. Sci Rep 2018; 8:312. [PMID: 29321693 PMCID: PMC5762916 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-18862-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are an integral part of the bone marrow niche and aid in the protection, regeneration and proliferation of hematopoietic stem cells after exposure to myelotoxic taxane anti-cancer agents, but the influence of taxane compounds on MSCs themselves remains incompletely understood. Here, we show that bone marrow-derived MSCs are highly sensitive even to low concentrations of the prototypical taxane compound paclitaxel. While MSCs remained metabolically viable, they were strongly impaired regarding both their proliferation and their functional capabilities after exposure to paclitaxel. Paclitaxel treatment resulted in reduced cell migration, delays in cellular adhesion and significant dose-dependent inhibition of the stem cells’ characteristic multi-lineage differentiation potential. Cellular morphology and expression of the defining surface markers remained largely unaltered. Paclitaxel only marginally increased apoptosis in MSCs, but strongly induced premature senescence in these stem cells, thereby explaining the preservation of the metabolic activity of functionally inactivated MSCs. The reported sensitivity of MSC function to paclitaxel treatment may help to explain the severe bone marrow toxicities commonly caused by taxane-based anti-cancer treatments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Münz
- Heidelberg Institute for Radiation Oncology (HIRO), National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Molecular and Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (dkfz), Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ramon Lopez Perez
- Heidelberg Institute for Radiation Oncology (HIRO), National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Molecular and Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (dkfz), Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thuy Trinh
- Heidelberg Institute for Radiation Oncology (HIRO), National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Neuenheimer Feld 400, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sonevisay Sisombath
- Department of Molecular and Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (dkfz), Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Klaus-Josef Weber
- Heidelberg Institute for Radiation Oncology (HIRO), National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Neuenheimer Feld 400, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Patrick Wuchter
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Immunology, German Red Cross Blood Service Baden-Württemberg - Hessen, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Friedrich-Ebert-Str. 107, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Jürgen Debus
- Heidelberg Institute for Radiation Oncology (HIRO), National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Neuenheimer Feld 400, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Rainer Saffrich
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Immunology, German Red Cross Blood Service Baden-Württemberg - Hessen, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Friedrich-Ebert-Str. 107, 68167, Mannheim, Germany.,Department of Hematology and Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Peter E Huber
- Heidelberg Institute for Radiation Oncology (HIRO), National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Molecular and Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (dkfz), Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Neuenheimer Feld 400, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Nils H Nicolay
- Heidelberg Institute for Radiation Oncology (HIRO), National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany. .,Department of Molecular and Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (dkfz), Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany. .,Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Neuenheimer Feld 400, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Rühle A, Xia O, Perez RL, Trinh T, Richter W, Sarnowska A, Wuchter P, Debus J, Saffrich R, Huber PE, Nicolay NH. The Radiation Resistance of Human Multipotent Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Is Independent of Their Tissue of Origin. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2018; 100:1259-1269. [PMID: 29452769 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2018.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2017] [Revised: 12/10/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Human mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) may aid the regeneration of ionizing radiation (IR)-induced tissue damage. They can be harvested from different tissues for clinical purposes; however, the role of the tissue source on the radiation response of human MSCs remains unknown. METHODS AND MATERIALS Human MSCs were isolated from adipose tissue, bone marrow, and umbilical cord, and cellular survival, proliferation, and apoptosis were measured after irradiation. The influence of IR on the defining functions of MSCs was assessed, and cell morphology, surface marker expression, and the differentiation potential were examined. Western blot analyses were performed to assess the activation of DNA damage signaling and repair pathways. RESULTS MSCs from adipose tissue, bone marrow, and umbilical cord exhibited a relative radioresistance independent of their tissue of origin. Defining properties including cellular adhesion and surface marker expression were preserved, and irradiated MSCs maintained their potential for multilineage differentiation irrespective of their tissue source. Analysis of activated DNA damage recognition and repair pathways demonstrated an efficient repair of IR-induced DNA double-strand breaks in MSCs from different tissues, thereby influencing the induction of apoptosis. CONCLUSIONS These data show for the first time that MSCs are resistant to IR and largely preserve their defining functions after irradiation irrespective of their tissue of origin. Efficient repair of IR-induced DNA double-strand breaks and consecutive reduction of apoptosis induction may contribute to the tissue-independent radiation resistance of MSCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Rühle
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Molecular and Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Oliver Xia
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Molecular and Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ramon Lopez Perez
- Department of Molecular and Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thuy Trinh
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Wiltrud Richter
- Research Center for Experimental Orthopedics, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anna Sarnowska
- Translative Platform for Regenerative Medicine, Mossakowski Medical Research Center, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Patrick Wuchter
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Immunology, German Red Cross Donor Blood Service Baden-Württemberg-Hessen, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jürgen Debus
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Molecular and Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Rainer Saffrich
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Immunology, German Red Cross Donor Blood Service Baden-Württemberg-Hessen, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Hematology and Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Peter E Huber
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Molecular and Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Nils H Nicolay
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Molecular and Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Abstract
Carbon ion therapy is a promising evolving modality in radiotherapy to treat tumors that are radioresistant against photon treatments. As carbon ions are more effective in normal and tumor tissue, the relative biological effectiveness (RBE) has to be calculated by bio-mathematical models and has to be considered in the dose prescription. This review (i) introduces the concept of the RBE and its most important determinants, (ii) describes the physical and biological causes of the increased RBE for carbon ions, (iii) summarizes available RBE measurements in vitro and in vivo, and (iv) describes the concepts of the clinically applied RBE models (mixed beam model, local effect model, and microdosimetric-kinetic model), and (v) the way they are introduced into clinical application as well as (vi) their status of experimental and clinical validation, and finally (vii) summarizes the current status of the use of the RBE concept in carbon ion therapy and points out clinically relevant conclusions as well as open questions. The RBE concept has proven to be a valuable concept for dose prescription in carbon ion radiotherapy, however, different centers use different RBE models and therefore care has to be taken when transferring results from one center to another. Experimental studies significantly improve the understanding of the dependencies and limitations of RBE models in clinical application. For the future, further studies investigating quantitatively the differential effects between normal tissues and tumors are needed accompanied by clinical studies on effectiveness and toxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christian P Karger
- Department of Medical Physics in Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany. National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology (NCRO), Heidelberg Institute for Radiation Oncology (HIRO), Heidelberg, Germany. Author to whom any correspondence should be addressed
| | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Ji K, Fang L, Zhao H, Li Q, Shi Y, Xu C, Wang Y, Du L, Wang J, Liu Q. Ginger Oleoresin Alleviated γ-Ray Irradiation-Induced Reactive Oxygen Species via the Nrf2 Protective Response in Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2017; 2017:1480294. [PMID: 29181121 PMCID: PMC5664313 DOI: 10.1155/2017/1480294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2017] [Revised: 07/27/2017] [Accepted: 09/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Unplanned exposure to radiation can cause side effects on high-risk individuals; meanwhile, radiotherapies can also cause injury on normal cells and tissues surrounding the tumor. Besides the direct radiation damage, most of the ionizing radiation- (IR-) induced injuries were caused by generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs), which possess self-renew and multilineage differentiation capabilities, are a critical population of cells to participate in the regeneration of IR-damaged tissues. Therefore, it is imperative to search effective radioprotectors for hMSCs. This study was to demonstrate whether natural source ginger oleoresin would mitigate IR-induced injuries in human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs). We demonstrated that ginger oleoresin could significantly reduce IR-induced cytotoxicity, ROS generation, and DNA strand breaks. In addition, the ROS-scavenging mechanism of ginger oleoresin was also investigated. The results showed that ginger oleoresin could induce the translocation of Nrf2 to cell nucleus and activate the expression of cytoprotective genes encoding for HO-1 and NQO-1. It suggests that ginger oleoresin has a potential role of being an effective antioxidant and radioprotective agent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kaihua Ji
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiobiology, Institute of Radiation Medicine of Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Lianying Fang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiobiology, Institute of Radiation Medicine of Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Hui Zhao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology and Food Science, Tianjin University of Commerce, Tianjin 300134, China
| | - Qing Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiobiology, Institute of Radiation Medicine of Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Yang Shi
- Tsingdao Lihe Exact Science & Technology Co. Ltd., Tsingdao 266111, China
| | - Chang Xu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiobiology, Institute of Radiation Medicine of Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiobiology, Institute of Radiation Medicine of Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Liqing Du
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiobiology, Institute of Radiation Medicine of Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Jinhan Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiobiology, Institute of Radiation Medicine of Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Qiang Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiobiology, Institute of Radiation Medicine of Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Tianjin 300192, China
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Rühle A, Perez RL, Glowa C, Weber KJ, Ho AD, Debus J, Saffrich R, Huber PE, Nicolay NH. Cisplatin radiosensitizes radioresistant human mesenchymal stem cells. Oncotarget 2017; 8:87809-87820. [PMID: 29152122 PMCID: PMC5675674 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.21214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2017] [Accepted: 08/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin-based chemo-radiotherapy is widely used to treat cancers with often severe therapy-associated late toxicities. While mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were shown to aid regeneration of cisplatin- or radiation-induced tissue lesions, the effect of the combined treatment on the stem cells remains unknown. Here we demonstrate that cisplatin treatment radiosensitized human bone marrow-derived MSCs in a dose-dependent manner and increased levels of radiation-induced apoptosis. However, the defining stem cell properties of MSCs remained largely intact after cisplatin-based chemo-radiation, and stem cell motility, adhesion, surface marker expression and the characteristic differentiation potential were not significantly influenced. The increased cisplatin-mediated radiosensitivity was associated with a cell cycle shift of MSCs towards the radiosensitive G2/M phase and increased residual DNA double-strand breaks. These data demonstrate for the first time a dose-dependent radiosensitization effect of MSCs by cisplatin. Clinically, the observed increase in radiation sensitivity and subsequent loss of regenerative MSCs may contribute to the often severe late toxicities observed after cisplatin-based chemo-radiotherapy in cancer patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Rühle
- Department of Molecular and Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.,Heidelberg Institute for Radiation Oncology (HIRO), National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ramon Lopez Perez
- Department of Molecular and Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.,Heidelberg Institute for Radiation Oncology (HIRO), National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christin Glowa
- Department of Molecular and Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.,Heidelberg Institute for Radiation Oncology (HIRO), National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Klaus-Josef Weber
- Heidelberg Institute for Radiation Oncology (HIRO), National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anthony D Ho
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jürgen Debus
- Heidelberg Institute for Radiation Oncology (HIRO), National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Rainer Saffrich
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Peter E Huber
- Department of Molecular and Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.,Heidelberg Institute for Radiation Oncology (HIRO), National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Nils H Nicolay
- Department of Molecular and Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.,Heidelberg Institute for Radiation Oncology (HIRO), National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Bickelhaupt S, Erbel C, Timke C, Wirkner U, Dadrich M, Flechsig P, Tietz A, Pföhler J, Gross W, Peschke P, Hoeltgen L, Katus HA, Gröne HJ, Nicolay NH, Saffrich R, Debus J, Sternlicht MD, Seeley TW, Lipson KE, Huber PE. Effects of CTGF Blockade on Attenuation and Reversal of Radiation-Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis. J Natl Cancer Inst 2017; 109:3064590. [PMID: 28376190 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djw339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2015] [Accepted: 12/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Radiotherapy is a mainstay for the treatment of lung cancer that can induce pneumonitis or pulmonary fibrosis. The matricellular protein connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) is a central mediator of tissue remodeling. Methods A radiation-induced mouse model of pulmonary fibrosis was used to determine if transient administration of a human antibody to CTGF (FG-3019) started at different times before or after 20 Gy thoracic irradiation reduced acute and chronic radiation toxicity. Mice (25 mice/group; 10 mice/group in a confirmation study) were examined by computed tomography, histology, gene expression changes, and for survival. In vitro experiments were performed to directly study the interaction of CTGF blockade and radiation. All statistical tests were two-sided. Results Administration of FG-3019 prevented (∼50%-80%) or reversed (∼50%) lung remodeling, improved lung function, improved mouse health, and rescued mice from lethal irradiation ( P < .01). Importantly, when antibody treatment was initiated at 16 weeks after thoracic irradiation, FG-3019 reversed established lung remodeling and restored lung function. CTGF blockade abrogated M2 polarized macrophage influx, normalized radiation-induced gene expression changes, and reduced myofibroblast abundance and Osteopontin expression. Conclusion These results indicate that blocking CTGF attenuates radiation-induced pulmonary remodeling and can reverse the process after initiation. CTGF has a central role in radiation-induced fibrogenesis, and FG-3019 may benefit patients with radiation-induced pulmonary fibrosis or patients with other forms or origin of chronic fibrotic diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Bickelhaupt
- Departments of Molecular and Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Departments of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christian Erbel
- Departments of Cardiology, University Hospital Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Carmen Timke
- Departments of Molecular and Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Departments of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ute Wirkner
- Departments of Molecular and Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Monika Dadrich
- Departments of Molecular and Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Paul Flechsig
- Departments of Molecular and Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Alexandra Tietz
- Departments of Molecular and Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Johanna Pföhler
- Departments of Molecular and Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Gross
- Departments of Experimental Surgery, University Hospital Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Peter Peschke
- Departments of Molecular and Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Line Hoeltgen
- Departments of Molecular and Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hugo A Katus
- Departments of Cardiology, University Hospital Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hermann-Josef Gröne
- Departments of Molecular Pathology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Nils H Nicolay
- Departments of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Rainer Saffrich
- Departments of Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jürgen Debus
- Departments of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Mark D Sternlicht
- Departments of Molecular Biology, FibroGen, Inc., San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Todd W Seeley
- Departments of Molecular Biology, FibroGen, Inc., San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Peter E Huber
- Departments of Molecular and Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Departments of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Chen L, Ran Q, Xiang Y, Xiang L, Chen L, Li F, Wu J, Wu C, Li Z. Co-Activation of PKC-δ by CRIF1 Modulates Oxidative Stress in Bone Marrow Multipotent Mesenchymal Stromal Cells after Irradiation by Phosphorylating NRF2 Ser40. Theranostics 2017; 7:2634-2648. [PMID: 28819452 PMCID: PMC5558558 DOI: 10.7150/thno.17853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2016] [Accepted: 04/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The high mortality associated with pancytopenia and multi-organ failure resulting from hematopoietic disorders of acute radiation syndrome (h-ARS) creates an urgent need for developing more effective treatment strategies. Here, we showed that bone marrow multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (BMMSCs) effectively regulate oxidative stress following radiative injury, which might be on account of irradiation-induced elevation of protein levels of CR6-interacting factor 1(CRIF1) and nuclear factor E2-related factor 2(NRF2). Crif1-knockdown BMMSCs presented increased oxidative stress and apoptosis after irradiation, which were partially due to a suppressed antioxidant response mediated by decreased NRF2 nuclear translocation. Co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) experiments indicated that CRIF1 interacted with protein kinase C-δ (PKC-δ). NRF2 Ser40 phosphorylation was inhibited in Crif1-deficient BMMSCs even in the presence of three kinds of PKC agonists, suggesting that CRIF1 might co-activate PKC-δ to phosphorylate NRF2 Ser40. After radiative injury, the supporting effect of BMMSCs for the colony forming ability of HSCs in vitro was reduced, and the deficiency of CRIF1 aggravated such damage. Thus, CRIF1 plays an essential role in PKC-δ/NRF2 pathway modulation to alleviate oxidative stress in BMMSCs after irradiative injury, and at some level it may maintain the HSCs-supporting effect of BMMSCs after radiative injuries.
Collapse
|
32
|
Gao S, Zhao Z, Wu R, Zeng Y, Zhang Z, Miao J, Yuan Z. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell transplantation improves radiation-induced heart injury through DNA damage repair in rat model. RADIATION AND ENVIRONMENTAL BIOPHYSICS 2017; 56:63-77. [PMID: 28025714 DOI: 10.1007/s00411-016-0675-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2016] [Accepted: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Radiotherapy is an effective form of therapy for most thoracic malignant tumors. However, myocardial injury resulting from the high doses of radiation is a severe complication. Here we aimed to study the possibility of reducing radiation-induced myocardial injury with mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) transplantation. We used MSCs extracted from bone marrow (BMSCs) to transplant via the tail vein into a radiation-induced heart injury (RIHI) rat model. The rats were divided into six groups: a Sham group, an IRR (irradiation) group, and four IRR + BMSCs transplantation groups obtained at different time points. After irradiation, BMSC transplantation significantly enhanced the cardiac function in rats. By analyzing the expression of PPAR-α, PPAR-γ, TGF-β, IL-6, and IL-8, we found that BMSC transplantation alleviated radiation-induced myocardial fibrosis and decreased the inflammatory reaction. Furthermore, we found that expression of γ-H2AX, XRCC4, DNA ligase4, and TP53BP1, which are associated with DNA repair, was up-regulated, along with increased secretion of growth factors SDF-1, CXCR4, VEGF, and IGF in rat myocardium in the IRR + BMSCs transplantation groups compared with the IRR group. Thus, BMSC transplantation has the potential to improve RIHI via DNA repair and be a new therapeutic approach for patients with myocardial injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Song Gao
- The Second Department of Clinical Oncology, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, No. 39 Huaxiang Road, Tiexi District, Shenyang, 110022, China
| | - Zhiying Zhao
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, No. 3-11, Wenhua Road, Heping District, Shenyang, 110004, China
| | - Rong Wu
- The Second Department of Clinical Oncology, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, No. 39 Huaxiang Road, Tiexi District, Shenyang, 110022, China
| | - Yuecan Zeng
- The Second Department of Clinical Oncology, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, No. 39 Huaxiang Road, Tiexi District, Shenyang, 110022, China
| | - Zhenyong Zhang
- The Second Department of Clinical Oncology, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, No. 39 Huaxiang Road, Tiexi District, Shenyang, 110022, China
| | - Jianing Miao
- Key Laboratory of Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, No. 7, Economic Development Zone, Benxi, Shenyang, 117004, China
| | - Zhengwei Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Health Ministry for Congenital Malformation, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, No. 7, Economic Development Zone, Benxi, 117004, China.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Mesenchymal stem cells are sensitive to bleomycin treatment. Sci Rep 2016; 6:26645. [PMID: 27215195 PMCID: PMC4877675 DOI: 10.1038/srep26645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2016] [Accepted: 05/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been shown to attenuate pulmonary damage induced by bleomycin-based anticancer treatments, but the influence of bleomycin on the stem cells themselves remains largely unknown. Here, we demonstrate that human bone marrow-derived MSCs are relatively sensitive to bleomycin exposure compared to adult fibroblasts. MSCs revealed increased levels of apoptosis after bleomycin treatment, while cellular morphology, stem cell surface marker expression and the ability for adhesion and migration remained unchanged. Bleomycin treatment also resulted in a reduced adipogenic differentiation potential of these stem cells. MSCs were found to efficiently repair DNA double strand breaks induced by bleomycin, mostly through non-homologous end joining repair. Low mRNA and protein expression levels of the inactivating enzyme bleomycin hydrolase were detected in MSCs that may contribute to the observed bleomycin-sensitive phenotype of these cells. The sensitivity of MSCs against bleomycin needs to be taken into consideration for ongoing and future treatment protocols investigating these stem cells as a potential treatment option for bleomycin-induced pulmonary damage in the clinic.
Collapse
|
34
|
Nicolay NH, Rühle A, Perez RL, Trinh T, Sisombath S, Weber KJ, Schmezer P, Ho AD, Debus J, Saffrich R, Huber PE. Mesenchymal stem cells exhibit resistance to topoisomerase inhibition. Cancer Lett 2016; 374:75-84. [PMID: 26876302 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2016.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2015] [Revised: 01/29/2016] [Accepted: 02/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inhibition of cellular topoisomerases has been established as an effective way of treating certain cancers, albeit with often high levels of toxicity to the bone marrow. While the involvement of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in bone marrow homeostasis and regeneration has been well established, the effects of topoisomerase-inhibiting anticancer agents remain largely unknown. MATERIALS AND METHODS Human bone marrow MSCs were treated with topoisomerase I inhibitor irinotecan or topoisomerase II inhibitor etoposide, and survival and apoptosis levels were measured. The influence of topoisomerase inhibition on cellular morphology, adhesion and migration potential and the ability to differentiate was assessed. Additionally, the role of individual DNA double-strand break repair pathways in MSCs was investigated as a potential cellular mechanism of resistance to topoisomerase inhibitors. RESULTS Human bone marrow MSCs were found relatively resistant to topoisomerase I and II inhibitors and show survival levels comparable to these of differentiated fibroblasts. Treatment with irinotecan or etoposide did not significantly influence cellular adhesion, migratory ability, surface marker expression or induction of apoptosis in human MSCs. The ability to differentiate was found preserved in MSCs after exposure to high doses of irinotecan or etoposide. MSCs were able to efficiently repair DNA double-strand breaks induced by topoisomerase inhibitors both by non-homologous end joining and homologous recombination pathways. CONCLUSION Our data demonstrate a topoisomerase-resistant phenotype of human MSCs that may at least in part be due to the stem cells' ability to efficiently remove DNA damage caused by these anticancer agents. The observed resistance of MSCs warrants further investigation of these cells as a potential therapeutic option for treating topoisomerase inhibitor-induced bone marrow damage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nils H Nicolay
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Heidelberg Institute for Radiation Oncology (HIRO), National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Molecular and Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (dkfz), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Alexander Rühle
- Heidelberg Institute for Radiation Oncology (HIRO), National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Molecular and Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (dkfz), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ramon Lopez Perez
- Department of Molecular and Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (dkfz), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thuy Trinh
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Heidelberg Institute for Radiation Oncology (HIRO), National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sonevisay Sisombath
- Department of Molecular and Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (dkfz), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Klaus-Josef Weber
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Heidelberg Institute for Radiation Oncology (HIRO), National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Peter Schmezer
- Department of Epigenomics and Cancer Risk Factors, German Cancer Research Center (dkfz), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anthony D Ho
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jürgen Debus
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Heidelberg Institute for Radiation Oncology (HIRO), National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Rainer Saffrich
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Peter E Huber
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Heidelberg Institute for Radiation Oncology (HIRO), National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Molecular and Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (dkfz), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Mesenchymal stem cells maintain their defining stem cell characteristics after treatment with cisplatin. Sci Rep 2016; 6:20035. [PMID: 26805490 PMCID: PMC4726328 DOI: 10.1038/srep20035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2015] [Accepted: 12/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) aid the regeneration of tissues damaged by treatment with cisplatin. However, the effects of this cytotoxic drug on the stem cells have been largely unknown. Here we demonstrate that human bone marrow-derived MSCs are relatively resistant to cisplatin treatment and show resistance levels comparable to these of differentiated fibroblasts. Cisplatin did not affect cellular morphology, adhesion or induction of apoptosis in MSCs. The potential for differentiation was preserved after exposure to cisplatin, and established MSC surface markers were observed to be stably expressed irrespective of cisplatin treatment. Cytoskeletal rearrangements and high expression levels of individual heat shock proteins were detected in MSCs and may be partly responsible for the observed cisplatin resistance. The cisplatin-resistant phenotype of human MSCs supports the concept of further investigating these stem cells as a potential treatment option for cisplatin-induced tissue damage.
Collapse
|
36
|
Nicolay NH, Lopez Perez R, Debus J, Huber PE. Mesenchymal stem cells – A new hope for radiotherapy-induced tissue damage? Cancer Lett 2015; 366:133-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2015.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2015] [Revised: 06/17/2015] [Accepted: 06/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
|
37
|
Nicolay NH, Perez RL, Saffrich R, Huber PE. Radio-resistant mesenchymal stem cells: mechanisms of resistance and potential implications for the clinic. Oncotarget 2015; 6:19366-80. [PMID: 26203772 PMCID: PMC4637291 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.4358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2015] [Accepted: 05/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) comprise a heterogeneous population of multipotent stromal cells and can be isolated from various tissues and organs. Due to their regenerative potential, they have been subject to intense research efforts, and they may provide an efficient means for treating radiation-induced tissue damage. MSCs are relatively resistant to ionizing radiation and retain their stem cell characteristics even after high radiation doses. The underlying mechanisms for the observed MSC radioresistance have been extensively studied and may involve efficient DNA damage recognition, double strand break repair and evasion of apoptosis. Here, we present a concise review of the published scientific data on the radiobiological features of MSCs. The involvement of different DNA damage recognition and repair pathways in the creation of a radioresistant MSC phenotype is outlined, and the roles of apoptosis, senescence and autophagy regarding the reported radioresistance are summarized. Finally, potential influences of the radioresistant MSCs for the clinic are discussed with respect to the repair and radioprotection of irradiated tissues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nils H. Nicolay
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- Heidelberg Institute for Radiation Oncology (HIRO), National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Molecular and Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (dkfz), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ramon Lopez Perez
- Heidelberg Institute for Radiation Oncology (HIRO), National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Molecular and Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (dkfz), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Rainer Saffrich
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Peter E. Huber
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- Heidelberg Institute for Radiation Oncology (HIRO), National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Molecular and Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (dkfz), Heidelberg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|