1
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Mori AS, Suzuki KF, Hori M, Kadoya T, Okano K, Uraguchi A, Muraoka H, Sato T, Shibata H, Suzuki-Ohno Y, Koba K, Toda M, Nakano SI, Kondoh M, Kitajima K, Nakamura M. Perspective: sustainability challenges, opportunities and solutions for long-term ecosystem observations. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2023; 378:20220192. [PMID: 37246388 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2022.0192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023] Open
Abstract
As interest in natural capital grows and society increasingly recognizes the value of biodiversity, we must discuss how ecosystem observations to detect changes in biodiversity can be sustained through collaboration across regions and sectors. However, there are many barriers to establishing and sustaining large-scale, fine-resolution ecosystem observations. First, comprehensive monitoring data on both biodiversity and possible anthropogenic factors are lacking. Second, some in situ ecosystem observations cannot be systematically established and maintained across locations. Third, equitable solutions across sectors and countries are needed to build a global network. Here, by examining individual cases and emerging frameworks, mainly from (but not limited to) Japan, we illustrate how ecological science relies on long-term data and how neglecting basic monitoring of our home planet further reduces our chances of overcoming the environmental crisis. We also discuss emerging techniques and opportunities, such as environmental DNA and citizen science as well as using the existing and forgotten sites of monitoring, that can help overcome some of the difficulties in establishing and sustaining ecosystem observations at a large scale with fine resolution. Overall, this paper presents a call to action for joint monitoring of biodiversity and anthropogenic factors, the systematic establishment and maintenance of in situ observations, and equitable solutions across sectors and countries to build a global network, beyond cultures, languages, and economic status. We hope that our proposed framework and the examples from Japan can serve as a starting point for further discussions and collaborations among stakeholders across multiple sectors of society. It is time to take the next step in detecting changes in socio-ecological systems, and if monitoring and observation can be made more equitable and feasible, they will play an even more important role in ensuring global sustainability for future generations. This article is part of the theme issue 'Detecting and attributing the causes of biodiversity change: needs, gaps and solutions'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akira S Mori
- Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Komaba 4-6-1, Meguro, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan
- Graduate School of Environment and Information Sciences, Yokohama National University, 79-7 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya, Yokohama, Kanagawa 240-8501, Japan
| | - Kureha F Suzuki
- Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Komaba 4-6-1, Meguro, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan
- Graduate School of Environment and Information Sciences, Yokohama National University, 79-7 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya, Yokohama, Kanagawa 240-8501, Japan
| | - Masakazu Hori
- Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency, 6F Technowave100, 1-1-25 Shin-urashima, Kanagawa-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 221-8529, Japan
| | - Taku Kadoya
- National Institute for Environmental Studies, 16-2, Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8506, Japan
| | - Kotaro Okano
- Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Komaba 4-6-1, Meguro, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan
| | - Aya Uraguchi
- Conservation International Japan, 1-17 Yotsuya, Shinjuku, Tokyo 160-0014, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Muraoka
- National Institute for Environmental Studies, 16-2, Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8506, Japan
- River Basin Research Center, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu City 501-1193, Japan
| | - Tamotsu Sato
- International Strategy Division, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute (FFPRI), 1 Matsunosato, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8687, Japan
| | - Hideaki Shibata
- Field Science Center for Northern Biosphere, Hokkaido University, N9 W9, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0809, Japan
| | - Yukari Suzuki-Ohno
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, 6-3 Aoba, Aramaki-aza, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8578, Japan
| | - Keisuke Koba
- Center for Ecological Research, Kyoto University, Hirano 2-509-3, Otsu, Shiga 520-2113, Japan
| | - Mariko Toda
- Kokusai Kogyo Co., Ltd. Shinjuku Front Tower, 21-1, Kita-Shinjuku 2-chome, Shinjukuku, Tokyo 169-0074, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichi Nakano
- Center for Ecological Research, Kyoto University, Hirano 2-509-3, Otsu, Shiga 520-2113, Japan
| | - Michio Kondoh
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, 6-3 Aoba, Aramaki-aza, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8578, Japan
| | - Kaoru Kitajima
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Masahiro Nakamura
- Tomakomai Experimental Forest, Field Science Center for Northern Biosphere, Hokkaido University, Takaoka, Tomakomai, Hokkaido 053-0035, Japan
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2
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Kohyama TI, Sheil D, Sun IF, Niiyama K, Suzuki E, Hiura T, Nishimura N, Hoshizaki K, Wu SH, Chao WC, Nur Hajar ZS, Rahajoe JS, Kohyama TS. Contribution of tree community structure to forest productivity across a thermal gradient in eastern Asia. Nat Commun 2023; 14:1113. [PMID: 36914632 PMCID: PMC10011560 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36671-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite their fundamental importance the links between forest productivity, diversity and climate remain contentious. We consider whether variation in productivity across climates reflects adjustment among tree species and individuals, or changes in tree community structure. We analysed data from 60 plots of humid old-growth forests spanning mean annual temperatures (MAT) from 2.0 to 26.6 °C. Comparing forests at equivalent aboveground biomass (160 Mg C ha-1), tropical forests ≥24 °C MAT averaged more than double the aboveground woody productivity of forests <12 °C (3.7 ± 0.3 versus 1.6 ± 0.1 Mg C ha-1 yr-1). Nonetheless, species with similar standing biomass and maximum stature had similar productivity across plots regardless of temperature. We find that differences in the relative contribution of smaller- and larger-biomass species explained 86% of the observed productivity differences. Species-rich tropical forests are more productive than other forests due to the high relative productivity of many short-stature, small-biomass species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuo I Kohyama
- Faculty of Environmental Earth Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0810, Japan. .,Center for Far Eastern Studies, University of Toyama, Toyama, 930-8555, Japan. .,Department of Ecosystem Studies, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan.
| | - Douglas Sheil
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands.,Center for International Forestry Research, Kota Bogor, Jawa Barat, 16115, Indonesia.,Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
| | - I-Fang Sun
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Ecology and Sustainability, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien, 974301, Taiwan
| | - Kaoru Niiyama
- Department of Forest Vegetation, Forest and Forest Products Research Institute, Tsukuba, 305-8687, Japan
| | - Eizi Suzuki
- Research Center for the Pacific Islands, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, 890-8580, Japan
| | - Tsutom Hiura
- Department of Ecosystem Studies, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
| | | | - Kazuhiko Hoshizaki
- Department of Biological Environment, Akita Prefectural University, Akita, 010-0195, Japan
| | - Shu-Hui Wu
- Taiwan Forestry Research Institute, Taipei, 100060, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chun Chao
- Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, National Chiayi University, Chiayi City, 600355, Taiwan
| | - Zamah S Nur Hajar
- Forestry and Environment Division, Forest Research Institute Malaysia, Kepong, Selangor, 52109, Malaysia
| | - Joeni S Rahajoe
- Research Center for Ecology and Ethnobiology, National Research and Innovation Agency, Cibinong, Jawa Barat, 16911, Indonesia
| | - Takashi S Kohyama
- Faculty of Environmental Earth Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0810, Japan.,Center for Southeast Asian Studies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
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3
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Matsumoto K, Terasawa K, Taniguchi S, Ohashi M, Katayama A, Kume T, Takashima A. Spatial and seasonal variations in soil respiration in a subtropical forest in Okinawa, Japan. Ecol Res 2023. [DOI: 10.1111/1440-1703.12386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Mizue Ohashi
- School of Human Science and Environment, University of Hyogo Hyogo Japan
| | - Ayumi Katayama
- Shiiba Research Forest, Kyushu University Miyazaki Japan
| | - Tomonori Kume
- Shiiba Research Forest, Kyushu University Miyazaki Japan
| | - Atsushi Takashima
- Yona Field, Subtropical Field Science Center, Faculty of Agriculture University of the Ryukyus Okinawa Japan
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4
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Sato H, Shibuya M, Hiura T. Reconstructing spatiotemporal dynamics of mixed conifer and broad‐leaved forests with a spatially explicit individual‐based dynamic vegetation model. Ecol Res 2023. [DOI: 10.1111/1440-1703.12385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hisashi Sato
- Research Institute for Global Change (RIGC) Japan Agency for Marine‐Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC) Yokohama Japan
| | - Masato Shibuya
- Research Faculty of Agriculture Hokkaido University Sapporo Japan
| | - Tsutom Hiura
- Department of Ecosystem Studies The University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan
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5
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Hojo A, Avtar R, Nakaji T, Tadono T, Takagi K. Modeling forest above-ground biomass using freely available satellite and multisource datasets. ECOL INFORM 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoinf.2023.101973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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6
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Error estimation of trunk diameter and tree height measured with a backpack LiDAR system in Japanese plantation forests. LANDSCAPE AND ECOLOGICAL ENGINEERING 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11355-022-00530-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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7
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Aiba S, Namikawa K, Matsui T, Abo E, Miyazaki S, Tsuzuki Y, Bayarsaikhan D. Stand dynamics over 15 years including an outlying population of
Fagus crenata
at the northern margin of its distribution range in Hokkaido, Japan. Ecol Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/1440-1703.12367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shin‐Ichiro Aiba
- Faculty of Environmental Earth Science Hokkaido University Sapporo Japan
| | - Kanji Namikawa
- Biological Laboratory, Sapporo Campus Hokkaido University of Education Sapporo Japan
| | - Tetsuya Matsui
- Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute Ibaraki Japan
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences University of Tsukuba Ibaraki Japan
| | - Eri Abo
- Graduate School of Environmental Science Hokkaido University Sapporo Japan
- Japan Forest Technology Association Tokyo Japan
| | - Seiji Miyazaki
- Graduate School of Environmental Science Hokkaido University Sapporo Japan
| | - Yoichi Tsuzuki
- Graduate School of Environmental Science Hokkaido University Sapporo Japan
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8
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Abe H, Katayama A, Taniguchi S, Takashima A, Kume T, Matsumoto K. Effects of differences in aboveground dead organic matter types on the stand‐scale necromass and
CO
2
efflux estimates in a subtropical forest in Okinawa Island, Japan. Ecol Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/1440-1703.12317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hayato Abe
- Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan
| | | | | | - Atsushi Takashima
- Yona Field, Subtropical Field Science Center, Faculty of Agriculture University of the Ryukyus Okinawa Japan
| | - Tomonori Kume
- Shiiba Research Forest Kyushu University Miyazaki Japan
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9
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Matsuo T, Hiura T, Onoda Y. Vertical and horizontal light heterogeneity along gradients of secondary succession in cool- and warm-temperate forests. JOURNAL OF VEGETATION SCIENCE : OFFICIAL ORGAN OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR VEGETATION SCIENCE 2022; 33:e13135. [PMID: 37274931 PMCID: PMC10234446 DOI: 10.1111/jvs.13135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Aims Light availability varies drastically in forests, both vertically and horizontally. Vertical light heterogeneity (i.e., patterns of light attenuation from the forest canopy to the floor) may be related to light competition among trees, while horizontal light heterogeneity (i.e., variations in light intensity at a given height within forests) may be associated with light-niche partitioning among tree species. However, light heterogeneity in vertical and horizontal directions and their associations with forest structure are rarely studied to date. Here we report the first comprehensive study to compare the vertical and horizontal light heterogeneity in differently aged forests in two forest types. Location Twelve forest stands of different ages in cool-temperate forests (consisting of deciduous broad-leaved trees) and five of different ages in warm-temperate forests (evergreen conifer and deciduous broad-leaved trees) in Japan. Methods We measured vertical light profiles at 1-m intervals from the understorey (1 m above the ground) to the top canopy (12-22 m depending on stands) at 16 locations for each stand (20 m × 20 m). We also measured structural parameters (diameter at breast height, height, and crown dimensions) for all major trees in these stands. Results Along the secondary successional gradients, the vertical and horizontal light heterogeneity changed in a systematic manner in both forests. The vertical light attenuation rate was steeper in early succession and more gradual in late succession, and the horizontal light heterogeneity was relatively small in early succession and more pronounced in late succession. The vertical light attenuation rate was different between the two forest types; the light intensity dropped more sharply from the canopy surface in the cool-temperate forests due to the crown being vertically shorter and denser (i.e., higher leaf density per unit volume). Conclusion In early succession, a steeper light attenuation rate is likely related to the strong light competition among co-occurring trees and thus a self-thinning process. In late succession, the high spatial light heterogeneity in forests (i.e., larger horizontal light heterogeneity and gradual light attenuation rate) may allow more species to partition light, and thus may enhance species coexistence and diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomonari Matsuo
- Forest Ecology and Forest Management GroupWageningen UniversityWageningenThe Netherlands
- Graduate School of AgricultureKyoto UniversityKyotoJapan
| | - Tsutom Hiura
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life SciencesUniversity of TokyoTokyoJapan
| | - Yusuke Onoda
- Graduate School of AgricultureKyoto UniversityKyotoJapan
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10
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Noguchi M, Hoshizaki K, Matsushita M, Sugiura D, Yagihashi T, Saitoh T, Itabashi T, Kazuhide O, Shibata M, Hoshino D, Masaki T, Osumi K, Takahashi K, Suzuki W. Aboveground biomass increments over 26 years (1993-2019) in an old-growth cool-temperate forest in northern Japan. JOURNAL OF PLANT RESEARCH 2022; 135:69-79. [PMID: 34973093 PMCID: PMC8755688 DOI: 10.1007/s10265-021-01358-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/07/2021] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Assessing long-term changes in the biomass of old-growth forests with consideration of climate effects is essential for understanding forest ecosystem functions under a changing climate. Long-term biomass changes are the result of accumulated short-term changes, which can be affected by endogenous processes such as gap filling in small-scale canopy openings. Here, we used 26 years (1993-2019) of repeated tree census data in an old-growth, cool-temperate, mixed deciduous forest that contains three topographic units (riparian, denuded slope, and terrace) in northern Japan to document decadal changes in aboveground biomass (AGB) and their processes in relation to endogenous processes and climatic factors. AGB increased steadily over the 26 years in all topographic units, but different tree species contributed to the increase among the topographic units. AGB gain within each topographic unit exceeded AGB loss via tree mortality in most of the measurement periods despite substantial temporal variation in AGB loss. At the local scale, variations in AGB gain were partially explained by compensating growth of trees around canopy gaps. Climate affected the local-scale AGB gain: the gain was larger in the measurement periods with higher mean air temperature during the current summer but smaller in those with higher mean air temperature during the previous autumn, synchronously in all topographic units. The influences of decadal summer and autumn warming on AGB growth appeared to be counteracting, suggesting that the observed steady AGB increase in KRRF is not fully explained by the warming. Future studies should consider global and regional environmental factors such as elevated CO2 concentrations and nitrogen deposition, and include cool-temperate forests with a broader temperature range to improve our understanding on biomass accumulation in this type of forests under climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahoko Noguchi
- Tohoku Research Center, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Morioka, 020-0123, Japan.
| | - Kazuhiko Hoshizaki
- Department of Biological Environment, Akita Prefectural University, Akita, 010-0195, Japan
| | - Michinari Matsushita
- Forest Tree Breeding Center, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Hitachi, 319-1301, Japan
| | - Daiki Sugiura
- Department of Biological Environment, Akita Prefectural University, Akita, 010-0195, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Yagihashi
- Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Tsukuba, 305-8687, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Saitoh
- Tohoku Research Center, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Morioka, 020-0123, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Itabashi
- Department of Biological Environment, Akita Prefectural University, Akita, 010-0195, Japan
| | - Ohta Kazuhide
- Department of Biological Environment, Akita Prefectural University, Akita, 010-0195, Japan
| | - Mitsue Shibata
- Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Tsukuba, 305-8687, Japan
| | - Daisuke Hoshino
- Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Tsukuba, 305-8687, Japan
| | - Takashi Masaki
- Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Tsukuba, 305-8687, Japan
| | - Katsuhiro Osumi
- Field Science Center, Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University (Retired), Tottori, 680-8553, Japan
| | - Kazunori Takahashi
- Kansai Research Center, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Kyoto, 612-0855, Japan
| | - Wajirou Suzuki
- Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute (Retired), Tsukuba, 305-8687, Japan
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11
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Takahashi K. Productivity does not decrease at the climate extremes of tree ranges in the Japanese archipelago. Oecologia 2021; 197:259-269. [PMID: 34392417 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-021-05015-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
As per the abundant-center hypothesis, the cold- and warm-edges of the latitudinal and elevational distributions of vegetation are the result of physiological limitations caused by abiotic stress. The stand-level productivity per leaf mass of plants is an integrated physiological measure of whole-plant carbon gain. The abundant-center hypothesis specifically predicts that the productivity per leaf mass decreases at cold-edges and warm-edges. In the Japanese archipelago, the dominant functional types of trees change from evergreen hardwoods in the south to deciduous hardwoods and evergreen conifers in the north, forming latitudinal ecotones. This study tested the abundant-center hypothesis by analyzing the productivity per leaf mass of each functional type along a gradient of mean annual temperature (MAT), using forest inventory data. Although productivity per leaf mass was variable along the MAT, it neither increased nor decreased with MAT for each functional tree type. The productivity per leaf mass was also noted to not decrease at the cold-edges for evergreen and deciduous hardwoods or at the warm-edges for deciduous hardwoods and evergreen conifers. Productivity per leaf mass was not positively correlated with abundance. Thus, this study did not support the abundant-center hypothesis. Instead, physiological or ecological limitations, particularly at the seedling and sapling stages, may be the important process affecting the distribution edges of these three functional types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koichi Takahashi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Shinshu University, Matsumoto, 390-8621, Japan. .,Institute of Mountain Science, Shinshu University, Asahi 3-1-1, Matsumoto, 390-8621, Japan.
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12
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Zhou X, Yang M, Liu Z, Li P, Xie B, Peng C. Dynamic allometric scaling of tree biomass and size. NATURE PLANTS 2021; 7:42-49. [PMID: 33398156 DOI: 10.1038/s41477-020-00815-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Allometric scaling laws critically examine structure-function relationships. In estimating the forest biomass carbon and its response under climate change, the issue of scaling has resulted in difficulties when modelling the biomass for different-sized trees, especially large ones, and has not yet been solved in either theory or practice. Here, we propose the concept of a dynamic allometric scaling relationship between stem biomass and above-ground biomass The allometric curve approaches an asymptote with an increase in tree size. An asymptotic allometric equation is presented that has a better fit to the data than the simple power-law allometric equation. The non-constant exponent is determined by the change in the biomass ratio for different organs and is governed by the dynamic allometric coefficient. This study presents a methodological framework to theoretically characterize allometric relationships and provides new insights in understanding the general scaling pattern and carbon sequestration capacity of large trees across global forests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolu Zhou
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China.
| | - Mingxia Yang
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Zelin Liu
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Peng Li
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Binggeng Xie
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Changhui Peng
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China.
- Department of Biology Sciences, University of Québec at Montreal, Montreal, Québec, Canada.
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13
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Akitsu TK, Nakaji T, Kobayashi H, Okano T, Honda Y, Bayarsaikhan U, Terigele, Hayashi M, Hiura T, Ide R, Igarashi S, Kajiwara K, Kumikawa S, Matsuoka Y, Nakano T, Nakano T, Okuda A, Sato T, Tachiiri K, Takahashi Y, Uchida J, Nasahara KN. Large‐scale ecological field data for satellite validation in deciduous forests and grasslands. Ecol Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/1440-1703.12155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Tatsuro Nakaji
- Uryu Experimental Forest, Field Science Center for Northern Biosphere Hokkaido University Horokanai Japan
| | | | - Tetsuo Okano
- Faculty of Agriculture Shinshu University Minami Minowa Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Honda
- Center for Environmental Remote Sensing Chiba University Chiba Japan
| | - Undrakh Bayarsaikhan
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Science University of Tsukuba Tsukuba Japan
| | - Terigele
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Science University of Tsukuba Tsukuba Japan
| | - Masato Hayashi
- Earth Observation Research Center Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency Tokyo Japan
| | - Tsutom Hiura
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences The University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan
| | - Reiko Ide
- Center for Global Environmental Research National Institute for Environmental Studies Tsukuba Japan
| | - Susumu Igarashi
- Tomakomai Experimental Forest, Field Science Center for Northern Biosphere Hokkaido University Tomakomai Japan
| | - Koji Kajiwara
- Center for Environmental Remote Sensing Chiba University Chiba Japan
| | - Syoji Kumikawa
- Tomakomai Experimental Forest, Field Science Center for Northern Biosphere Hokkaido University Tomakomai Japan
| | - Yuuichi Matsuoka
- Tomakomai Experimental Forest, Field Science Center for Northern Biosphere Hokkaido University Tomakomai Japan
| | | | | | - Atsushi Okuda
- Tomakomai Experimental Forest, Field Science Center for Northern Biosphere Hokkaido University Tomakomai Japan
| | - Tomoaki Sato
- Tomakomai Experimental Forest, Field Science Center for Northern Biosphere Hokkaido University Tomakomai Japan
| | - Kaoru Tachiiri
- Research Institute for Global Change Japan Agency for Marine‐Earth Science and Technology Yokohama Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Takahashi
- Center for Global Environmental Research National Institute for Environmental Studies Tsukuba Japan
| | - Jiro Uchida
- Tomakomai Experimental Forest, Field Science Center for Northern Biosphere Hokkaido University Tomakomai Japan
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14
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Akitsu TK, Nakaji T, Yoshida T, Sakai R, Mamiya W, Terigele, Takagi K, Honda Y, Kajiwara K, Nasahara KN. Field data for satellite validation and forest structure modeling in a pure and sparse forest of
Picea glehnii
in northern Hokkaido. Ecol Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/1440-1703.12114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tomoko K. Akitsu
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences University of Tsukuba Tsukuba Japan
| | - Tatsuro Nakaji
- Uryu Experimental Forest, Field Science Center for Northern Biosphere Hokkaido University Horokanai Japan
| | - Toshiya Yoshida
- Nayoro Research Office, Field Science Center for Northern Biosphere Hokkaido University Nayoro Japan
| | - Rei Sakai
- Uryu Experimental Forest, Field Science Center for Northern Biosphere Hokkaido University Horokanai Japan
| | - Wataru Mamiya
- Uryu Experimental Forest, Field Science Center for Northern Biosphere Hokkaido University Horokanai Japan
| | - Terigele
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Science University of Tsukuba Tsukuba Japan
| | - Kentaro Takagi
- Teshio Experimental Forest, Field Science Center for Northern Biosphere Hokkaido University Horonobe Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Honda
- Center for Environmental Remote Sensing Chiba University Chiba Japan
| | - Koji Kajiwara
- Center for Environmental Remote Sensing Chiba University Chiba Japan
| | - Kenlo N. Nasahara
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences University of Tsukuba Tsukuba Japan
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15
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The Variation Driven by Differences between Species and between Sites in Allometric Biomass Models. FORESTS 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/f10110976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: It is commonly assumed that allometric biomass models are species-specific and site-specific. However, the magnitude of species and site dependency in these models is not well-known. This study aims to investigate the variation in allometric models (i.e., aboveground biomass predicted by diameter at breast height and tree height) that has originated from the differences between tree species and between sites, thereby contributing to a better understanding of species and site-specificity issue in these models. Materials and Methods: The study is based on two large biomass datasets of 4921 and 5199 trees, from Eurasia and Canada. Using a nested ANOVA model on relative aboveground biomass residuals (with species and site as random effects), the proportion of variance explained by species or site was assessed by means of Variance Partition Coefficient (VPC). Results: The proportion of variance explained by species (VPCspecies = 42.56%, SE = 6.10% for Dataset 1 and VPCspecies = 47.54%, SE = 6.07% for Dataset 2) was larger than that explained by site (VPCsite = 20.08%, SE = 3.35% for Dataset 1 and VPCsite = 8.27%, SE = 1.38% for Dataset 2). The proportion of variance explained by site decreased by 24%–44% and the proportion of variance explained by species changed only slightly, when height is included in the allometric biomass models (i.e., models based on diameter at breast height alone, compared to models based on diameter at breast height and tree height). Conclusions: Allometric biomass models were more species-specific than they were site-specific. Therefore, the species (i.e., differences between species) seems to be a more important driver of variability in allometric models compared to site (i.e., differences between sites). Including height in allometric biomass models helped reduce the dependency of these models, on sites only.
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Randrianasolo ZH, Razafimahatratra AR, Razafinarivo RN, Randrianary T, Rakotovololonalimanana H, Rajemison AH, Mamitiana A, Andriamanalina RL, Rakotosoa A, Ramananantoandro T. Which allometric models are the most appropriate for estimating aboveground biomass in secondary forests of Madagascar with Ravenala madagascariensis? SCIENTIFIC AFRICAN 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sciaf.2019.e00147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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17
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Estimation of Above Ground Biomass in a Tropical Mountain Forest in Southern Ecuador Using Airborne LiDAR Data. REMOTE SENSING 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/rs10050660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Meifang Y, Lu W, Honghui R, Xinshi Z. Biomass production and carbon sequestration of a short-rotation forest with different poplar clones in northwest China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 586:1135-1140. [PMID: 28222922 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.02.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2016] [Revised: 01/09/2017] [Accepted: 02/12/2017] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Short Rotation Forestry (SRF) is of interest as producers of biomass for bio-energy, but also as carbon (C) sinks to mitigate CO2 emission. To investigate biomass production and C sequestration of SRF, ecosystem C stock (including C stored in tree biomass, litter and soil), NPP (net primary productivity), heterotrophic respiration (Rh) and NEP (net ecosystem productivity) of three poplar clone plantations were estimated by repeated field sampling in northwest China. Ecosystem C stock (105.62MgCha-1) was significantly lower in PB (P. balsamifera) stand than in PD (P. deltoids) and PE (P.×euramericana) stands (P<0.01). Biomass C stock was greatly affected by clone type (P<0.01), while significant difference in soil C stock was not detected. Averaged NPP was 8.80MgCha-1yr-1 across all clone stands, but the most productive clone of PD yielded up to 10.72MgCha-1yr-1. NEP was found to be significantly different among the clone stands, increasing from 0.21MgCha-1yr-1 in PB to 6.77MgCha-1yr-1 in PD stand. With soil C outputs (Rh) being smaller than C sequestrations, the plantations all acted as C sinks, averagely absorbing 3.45MgCha-1 during a year. Our results suggest that clone type is a main factor influencing C sequestration capacity of a plantation, along with determining the amount of biomass yield. The success of poplar plantations as a bio-energy resource largely depends on the selection of hybrid varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Meifang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, 79 Yingzexi Street, Taiyuan 030024, China; State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 20 Nanxincun, Xiangshan, Haidian District, Beijing 100093, China.
| | - Wang Lu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, 79 Yingzexi Street, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Ren Honghui
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 20 Nanxincun, Xiangshan, Haidian District, Beijing 100093, China; College of Mine Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, 79 Yingzexi Street, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Zhang Xinshi
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 20 Nanxincun, Xiangshan, Haidian District, Beijing 100093, China
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Sheil D, Eastaugh CS, Vlam M, Zuidema PA, Groenendijk P, Sleen P, Jay A, Vanclay J. Does biomass growth increase in the largest trees? Flaws, fallacies and alternative analyses. Funct Ecol 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.12775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Douglas Sheil
- Department of Ecology and Natural Resource Management Norwegian University of Life Sciences P.O. Box 5003 NO‐1432 Ås Norway
| | - Chris S. Eastaugh
- Forest Research Centre Southern Cross University PO Box 157 Lismore NSW 2480 Australia
- Forestry Corporation NSW Western Division PO Box 865 Dubbo NSW 2830 Australia
| | - Mart Vlam
- Forest Ecology and Forest Management Group Wageningen University & Research PO Box 47 6700 AA Wageningen The Netherlands
| | - Pieter A. Zuidema
- Forest Ecology and Forest Management Group Wageningen University & Research PO Box 47 6700 AA Wageningen The Netherlands
| | - Peter Groenendijk
- Forest Ecology and Forest Management Group Wageningen University & Research PO Box 47 6700 AA Wageningen The Netherlands
- Departamento de Botánica Escola Politécnica Superior Universidade de Santiago de Compostela Campus de Lugo Lugo 27002 Spain
| | - Peter Sleen
- Forest Ecology and Forest Management Group Wageningen University & Research PO Box 47 6700 AA Wageningen The Netherlands
- Marine Science Institute University of Texas at Austin Port Aransas TX 78373 USA
- Instituto Boliviano de Investigación Forestal Km 9 carretera al norte Casilla 6204 Santa Cruz de la Sierra Bolivia
| | - Alex Jay
- Forest Research Centre Southern Cross University PO Box 157 Lismore NSW 2480 Australia
| | - Jerome Vanclay
- Forest Research Centre Southern Cross University PO Box 157 Lismore NSW 2480 Australia
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Nam VT, van Kuijk M, Anten NPR. Allometric Equations for Aboveground and Belowground Biomass Estimations in an Evergreen Forest in Vietnam. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0156827. [PMID: 27309718 PMCID: PMC4910975 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0156827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2015] [Accepted: 05/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Allometric regression models are widely used to estimate tropical forest biomass, but balancing model accuracy with efficiency of implementation remains a major challenge. In addition, while numerous models exist for aboveground mass, very few exist for roots. We developed allometric equations for aboveground biomass (AGB) and root biomass (RB) based on 300 (of 45 species) and 40 (of 25 species) sample trees respectively, in an evergreen forest in Vietnam. The biomass estimations from these local models were compared to regional and pan-tropical models. For AGB we also compared local models that distinguish functional types to an aggregated model, to assess the degree of specificity needed in local models. Besides diameter at breast height (DBH) and tree height (H), wood density (WD) was found to be an important parameter in AGB models. Existing pan-tropical models resulted in up to 27% higher estimates of AGB, and overestimated RB by nearly 150%, indicating the greater accuracy of local models at the plot level. Our functional group aggregated local model which combined data for all species, was as accurate in estimating AGB as functional type specific models, indicating that a local aggregated model is the best choice for predicting plot level AGB in tropical forests. Finally our study presents the first allometric biomass models for aboveground and root biomass in forests in Vietnam.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vu Thanh Nam
- Department of Biology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Vietnam Administration of Forestry, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | | | - Niels P. R. Anten
- Centre for Crop Systems Analysis, Wageningen University, Wageningen, the Netherlands
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Paul KI, Roxburgh SH, Chave J, England JR, Zerihun A, Specht A, Lewis T, Bennett LT, Baker TG, Adams MA, Huxtable D, Montagu KD, Falster DS, Feller M, Sochacki S, Ritson P, Bastin G, Bartle J, Wildy D, Hobbs T, Larmour J, Waterworth R, Stewart HTL, Jonson J, Forrester DI, Applegate G, Mendham D, Bradford M, O'Grady A, Green D, Sudmeyer R, Rance SJ, Turner J, Barton C, Wenk EH, Grove T, Attiwill PM, Pinkard E, Butler D, Brooksbank K, Spencer B, Snowdon P, O'Brien N, Battaglia M, Cameron DM, Hamilton S, McAuthur G, Sinclair J. Testing the generality of above-ground biomass allometry across plant functional types at the continent scale. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2016; 22:2106-24. [PMID: 26683241 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.13201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2015] [Accepted: 11/16/2015] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Accurate ground-based estimation of the carbon stored in terrestrial ecosystems is critical to quantifying the global carbon budget. Allometric models provide cost-effective methods for biomass prediction. But do such models vary with ecoregion or plant functional type? We compiled 15 054 measurements of individual tree or shrub biomass from across Australia to examine the generality of allometric models for above-ground biomass prediction. This provided a robust case study because Australia includes ecoregions ranging from arid shrublands to tropical rainforests, and has a rich history of biomass research, particularly in planted forests. Regardless of ecoregion, for five broad categories of plant functional type (shrubs; multistemmed trees; trees of the genus Eucalyptus and closely related genera; other trees of high wood density; and other trees of low wood density), relationships between biomass and stem diameter were generic. Simple power-law models explained 84-95% of the variation in biomass, with little improvement in model performance when other plant variables (height, bole wood density), or site characteristics (climate, age, management) were included. Predictions of stand-based biomass from allometric models of varying levels of generalization (species-specific, plant functional type) were validated using whole-plot harvest data from 17 contrasting stands (range: 9-356 Mg ha(-1) ). Losses in efficiency of prediction were <1% if generalized models were used in place of species-specific models. Furthermore, application of generalized multispecies models did not introduce significant bias in biomass prediction in 92% of the 53 species tested. Further, overall efficiency of stand-level biomass prediction was 99%, with a mean absolute prediction error of only 13%. Hence, for cost-effective prediction of biomass across a wide range of stands, we recommend use of generic allometric models based on plant functional types. Development of new species-specific models is only warranted when gains in accuracy of stand-based predictions are relatively high (e.g. high-value monocultures).
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Affiliation(s)
- Keryn I Paul
- CSIRO Agriculture and CSIRO Land and Water, GPO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - Stephen H Roxburgh
- CSIRO Agriculture and CSIRO Land and Water, GPO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - Jerome Chave
- UMR 5174 Laboratoire Evolution et Diversité Biologique, CNRS & Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, 31062, France
| | - Jacqueline R England
- CSIRO Agriculture and CSIRO Land and Water, Private Bag 10, Clayton South, Vic, 3169, Australia
| | - Ayalsew Zerihun
- Centre for Crop and Disease Management, Department of Environment and Agriculture, Curtin University, Perth, WA, 6845, Australia
| | - Alison Specht
- School of Geography Planning and Environmental Management, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Qld, 4072, Australia
- CESAB, Fondation pour la Recherche sur la Biodiversité, Immeuble Henri Poincaré, 2ème étage Domaine du Petit Arbois, Avenue Louis Philibert, 13100, Aix-en-Provence, France
| | - Tom Lewis
- Department of Agriculture and Fisheries, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, Qld, 4556, Australia
| | - Lauren T Bennett
- School of Ecosystem and Forest Sciences, The University of Melbourne, 4 Water Street, Creswick, Vic, 3363, Australia
- School of Ecosystem and Forest Sciences, The University of Melbourne, 500 Yarra Boulevard, Richmond, Vic, 3121, Australia
| | - Thomas G Baker
- School of Ecosystem and Forest Sciences, The University of Melbourne, 4 Water Street, Creswick, Vic, 3363, Australia
- School of Ecosystem and Forest Sciences, The University of Melbourne, 500 Yarra Boulevard, Richmond, Vic, 3121, Australia
| | - Mark A Adams
- Centre for Carbon Water and Food, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, University of Sydney, Werombi Road, Camden, NSW, Australia
| | - Dan Huxtable
- Equinox Environmental Pty Ltd., 6 Craigie Cres, Manning, WA, 6152, Australia
| | | | - Daniel S Falster
- Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Mike Feller
- Department of Forest and Conservation Sciences, University of British Columbia, 3041-2424 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC, Canada, V6T 1Z4
| | - Stan Sochacki
- School of Environmental Science, Murdoch University, 90 South St, Murdoch, WA, 6150, Australia
| | - Peter Ritson
- FarmWoods, 3/104 South Street, Fremantle, WA, 6160, Australia
| | - Gary Bastin
- Department of Land Resource Management, PO Box 1120, Alice Springs, NT, 0871, Australia
| | - John Bartle
- Science Division, Department of Parks and Wildlife, Bentley Delivery Centre, Locked Bag 104, Perth, WA, 6983, Australia
| | - Dan Wildy
- Fares Rural Pty Ltd, PO Box 526, Wembley, WA, 6913, Australia
| | - Trevor Hobbs
- Department of Environment, Water and Natural Resources, GPO Box 1047, Adeliade, SA, 5001, Australia
| | - John Larmour
- CSIRO Agriculture and CSIRO Land and Water, GPO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - Rob Waterworth
- Mullion Group, 2a Fitzroy Rd, Forrest, ACT, 2603, Australia
| | - Hugh T L Stewart
- Hugh Stewart Consulting, 8 Upland Road, Strathmore, Vic., 3041, Australia
| | - Justin Jonson
- Threshold Environmental Pty Ltd, PO Box 1124, Albany, WA, 6331, Australia
- Centre of Excellence in Natural Resource Management, The University of Western Australia, 1 Foreshore House, Albany, WA, 6330, Australia
| | - David I Forrester
- Faculty of Environment and Natural Resources, Freiburg University, Tennenbacherstr. 4, 79108, Freiburg, Germany
| | | | - Daniel Mendham
- CSIRO Agriculture CSIRO Land and Water, Private Bag 12, Hobart, Tas, 7001, Australia
| | - Matt Bradford
- CSIRO Land and Water, PO Box 780, Atherton, Qld, 4883, Australia
| | - Anthony O'Grady
- CSIRO Agriculture CSIRO Land and Water, Private Bag 12, Hobart, Tas, 7001, Australia
| | | | - Rob Sudmeyer
- Department of Agriculture and Food, Western Australia, Private Mail Bag 50, Esperance, WA, 6450, Australia
| | - Stan J Rance
- CSIRO Land and Water, 4Private Bag 5, Wembley, WA, 6913, Australia
| | - John Turner
- Forsci Pty Ltd., Ste 4.05/ 32 Delhi Rd, North Ryde, NSW, 2113, Australia
| | - Craig Barton
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, 2751, NSW, Australia
| | - Elizabeth H Wenk
- Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Tim Grove
- CSIRO Land and Water, 4Private Bag 5, Wembley, WA, 6913, Australia
| | - Peter M Attiwill
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Vic., 3010, Australia
| | - Elizabeth Pinkard
- CSIRO Agriculture CSIRO Land and Water, Private Bag 12, Hobart, Tas, 7001, Australia
| | - Don Butler
- Queensland Herbarium, Mt Coot-tha Road, Toowong, Qld, 4066, Australia
| | - Kim Brooksbank
- Department of Agriculture and Food, Western Australia (DAFWA), 444 Albany Hwy, Albany, WA, 6330, Australia
| | - Beren Spencer
- Science Division, Department of Parks and Wildlife, Bentley Delivery Centre, Locked Bag 104, Perth, WA, 6983, Australia
| | - Peter Snowdon
- CSIRO Agriculture and CSIRO Land and Water, GPO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - Nick O'Brien
- New Forests Asset Management Pty Ltd., PO Box 434, North Sydney, NSW, 2059, Australia
| | - Michael Battaglia
- CSIRO Agriculture CSIRO Land and Water, Private Bag 12, Hobart, Tas, 7001, Australia
| | - David M Cameron
- School of Environment, Science and Engineering, Southern Cross University, PO Box 157, Lismore, NSW, 2480, Australia
| | - Steve Hamilton
- Hamilton Environmental Services, 2345 Benalla-Tatong Road, Tatong, Vic., 3673, Australia
| | - Geoff McAuthur
- AusCarbon Pty Ltd., PO Box 395, Nedlands, WA, 6909, Australia
| | - Jenny Sinclair
- Green Collar Group, Level 1, 37 George St, Sydney, NSW, 2000, Australia
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Ibáñez I, Zak DR, Burton AJ, Pregitzer KS. Chronic nitrogen deposition alters tree allometric relationships: implications for biomass production and carbon storage. ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS : A PUBLICATION OF THE ECOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2016; 26:913-925. [PMID: 27411260 DOI: 10.1890/15-0883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
As increasing levels of nitrogen (N) deposition impact many terrestrial ecosystems, understanding the potential effects of higher N availability is critical for forecasting tree carbon allocation patterns and thus future forest productivity. Most regional estimates of forest biomass apply allometric equations, with parameters estimated from a limited number of studies, to forest inventory data (i.e., tree diameter). However most of these allometric equations cannot account for potential effects of increased N availability on biomass allocation patterns. Using 18 yr of tree diameter, height, and mortality data collected for a dominant tree species (Acer saccharum) in an atmospheric N deposition experiment, we evaluated how greater N availability affects allometric relationships in this species. After taking into account site and individual variability, our results reveal significant differences in allometric parameters between ambient and experimental N deposition treatments. Large trees under experimental N deposition reached greater heights at a given diameter; moreover, their estimated maximum height (mean ± standard deviation: 33.7 ± 0.38 m) was significantly higher than that estimated under the ambient condition (31.3 ± 0.31 m). Within small tree sizes (5-10 cm diameter) there was greater mortality under experimental N deposition, whereas the relative growth rates of small trees were greater under experimental N deposition. Calculations of stemwood biomass using our parameter estimates for the diameter-height relationship indicated the potential for significant biases in these estimates (~2.5%), with under predictions of stemwood biomass averaging 4 Mg/ha lower if ambient parameters were to be used to estimate stem biomass of trees in the experimental N deposition treatment. As atmospheric N deposition continues to increase into the future, ignoring changes in tree allometry will contribute to the uncertainty associated with aboveground carbon storage estimates across a forest with a large geographic distribution in eastern North America.
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Abstract
Tree growth, especially diameter growth of tree stems, is an important issue for understanding the productivity and dynamics of forest stands. Metabolic scaling theory predicted that the 2/3 power of stem diameter at a certain time is a linear function of the 2/3 power of the initial diameter and that the diameter growth rate scales to the 1/3 power of the initial diameter. We tested these predictions of the metabolic scaling theory for 11 Japanese secondary forests at various growth stages. The predictions were not supported by the data, especially in younger stands. Alternatively, we proposed a new theoretical model for stem diameter growth on the basis of six assumptions. All these assumptions were supported by the data. The model produced a nearly linear to curvilinear relationship between the 2/3 power of stem diameters at two different times. It also fitted well to the curvilinear relationship between diameter growth rate and the initial diameter. Our model fitted better than the metabolic scaling theory, suggesting the importance of asymmetric competition among trees, which has not been incorporated in the metabolic scaling theory.
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