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Kul Uçtu A, Özerdoğan N. Effect of teach-back method on breastfeeding success: A single blind randomized controlled study. Health Care Women Int 2023; 44:314-327. [PMID: 35175908 DOI: 10.1080/07399332.2021.2021915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
In this study, authors aimed to evaluate the effect of breastfeeding education on breastfeeding success by using teach back method described in the information. The study was conducted with randomized controlled experimental research design and performed with 80 primiparous women as intervention (n: 40) and control (n: 40) groups. Independent t-test, multivariate and one-way analysis of variance, Bonferroni-matched paired t-test were used to evaluate the data. There was a statistically significant difference between the intervention and control groups in terms of both LATCH and Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale mean scores, group, time and group * time interaction (p < 0.05). It has been concluded by the authors that breastfeeding education provided with teach-back method can be used as an effective method for breastfeeding self-efficacy and breastfeeding performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arzu Kul Uçtu
- Gulhane Faculty of Health Science, Department of Midwifery, Health Science University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Nebahat Özerdoğan
- Faculty of Health Science, Department of Midwifery, Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey
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Cheng GZ, Chen A, Xin Y, Ni QQ. Using the teach-back method to improve postpartum maternal-infant health among women with limited maternal health literacy: a randomized controlled study. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2023; 23:13. [PMID: 36624440 PMCID: PMC9827634 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-022-05302-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM This study aimed to evaluate the effects of using the teach-back method among women with limited maternal health literacy (LMHL) on maternal health literacy(MHL), postpartum health behaviours and maternal-infant health outcomes. METHODS A randomized controlled study was conducted in the obstetrics department of Anhui Provincial Hospital, China. A total of 258 pregnant women with LMHL were recruited at the point of admission to the hospital for birth and randomly assigned to the control group (n = 130), where women received routine education sessions, and the teach-back group (n = 128), where women received routine education sessions plus a teach-back intervention. The two groups were assessed in terms of MHL before and after the intervention, breastfeeding execution, uptake of 42-day postpartum check-ups, complete uptake of one-time recommended vaccines, and physical health outcomes. Statistical tests were employed for data analysis. RESULTS There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of MHL and other social, demographic, and medical status at baseline. After the intervention, the teach-back group had a higher level of MHL (p < 0.001), better postpartum health behaviours in terms of exclusive breastfeeding within 24 hours postpartum (x2 = 22.853, p<0.001), exclusive breastfeeding within 42 days postpartum (x2 = 47.735, p<0.001), uptake of 42-day postpartum check-ups (x2 = 9.050, p = 0.003) and vaccination (x2 = 5.586, p = 0.018) and better maternal-infant health outcomes in terms of the incidence of subinvolution of the uterus (x2 = 6.499, p = 0.011), acute mastitis (x2 = 4.884, p = 0.027), postpartum constipation (x2 = 5.986, p = 0.014), overweight (x2 = 4.531, p = 0.033) and diaper dermatitis (x2 = 10.896, p = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS This study shows that the teach-back method is effective for enhancing MHL, leading to positive postpartum health behaviours, and improving postpartum maternal-infant health outcomes among women with LMHL. The teach-back method may play an important role in improving postpartum maternal-infant health and could be considered in maternal health education. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER Our trial has been prospectively registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (Ref. No.: NCT04858945) and the enrollment date was 26/04/2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gui Zhi Cheng
- grid.59053.3a0000000121679639The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001 Anhui China
| | - An Chen
- grid.5373.20000000108389418Institute of Healthcare Engineering, Management and Architecture (HEMA), Department of Industrial Engineering and Management, Aalto University, Maarintie 8, 02150 Espoo, Finland ,grid.15485.3d0000 0000 9950 5666Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 2, 00290 Helsinki, Finland ,Nordic Healthcare Group Oy, Vattuniemenranta 2, 00210 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Youdi Xin
- grid.59053.3a0000000121679639The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001 Anhui China
| | - Qian Qian Ni
- grid.59053.3a0000000121679639The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001 Anhui China
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Term Newborn Care Recommendations Provided in a Kenyan Postnatal Ward: A Rapid, Focused Ethnographic Assessment. Adv Neonatal Care 2022; 22:E58-E76. [PMID: 33993154 DOI: 10.1097/anc.0000000000000867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neonatal mortality (death within 0-28 d of life) in Kenya is high despite strong evidence that newborn care recommendations save lives. In public healthcare facilities, nurses counsel caregivers on term newborn care, but knowledge about the content and quality of nurses' recommendations is limited. PURPOSE To describe the term newborn care recommendations provided at a tertiary-level, public referral hospital in Western Kenya, how they were provided, and related content taught at a university nursing school. METHODS A rapid, focused ethnographic assessment, guided by the culture care theory, using stratified purposive sampling yielded 240 hours of participant observation, 24 interviews, 34 relevant documents, and 268 pages of field notes. Data were organized using NVivo software and key findings identified using applied thematic analysis. RESULTS Themes reflect recommendations for exclusive breastfeeding, warmth, cord care, follow-up examinations, and immunizations, which were provided orally in Kiswahili and some on a written English discharge summary. Select danger sign recommendations were also provided orally, if needed. Some recommendations conflicted with other providers' guidance. More recommendations for maternal care were provided than for newborn care. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE There is need for improved consistency in content and provision of recommendations before discharge. Findings should be used to inform teaching, clinical, and administrative processes to address practice competency and improve nursing care quality. IMPLICATIONS FOR RESEARCH Larger studies are needed to determine whether evidence-based recommendations are provided consistently across facilities and other populations, such as community-born and premature newborns, who also experience high rates of neonatal mortality in Kenya.
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Odihi D, De Broucker G, Hasan Z, Ahmed S, Constenla D, Uddin J, Patenaude B. Contingent Valuation: A Pilot Study for Eliciting Willingness to Pay for a Reduction in Mortality From Vaccine-Preventable Illnesses for Children and Adults in Bangladesh. Value Health Reg Issues 2021; 24:67-76. [PMID: 33508753 PMCID: PMC8163603 DOI: 10.1016/j.vhri.2020.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The contingent valuation (CV) method elicits willingness to pay (WTP) for calculating the value of statistical life (VSL). CV approaches for assessing VSL are uncommon in many low and middle-income countries (LMICs). Between 2008 and 2018 only 44 articles utilized WTP in a health-related field and of these only 5 (11%) utilized CV to assess the WTP for a mortality risk reduction. We elicit WTP estimates and compute VSL using the CV method in Bangladesh. METHODS The pilot study was primarily aimed at developing best practice guidelines for CV studies in LMICs to get more robust WTP estimates. To this end, we explored three methodological a) Varying the name of the intervention, keeping all other characteristics constant; b) varying the effectiveness of the health intervention and c) offering an overnight period to think about the WTP scenario. The survey was administered 413 randomly selected participants. VSL was for a 1/3000 mortality risk reduction. RESULTS We had more males (54%) than females (46%) and the mean annual self-reported income was $5,683.36. Mean VSL is $11,339.70 with a median of $10,413. The ratio of child: adult WTP is approximately 1 by both gender and age category. The vaccine intervention had the largest amount of $0 WTP and protest responses (52% and 58% respectively). 93% of the participants were able to describe (teach-back) the vaccine effectiveness using their own family as an example. CONCLUSION Our study provides empirical evidence on how to better generate CV surveys to produce more robust WTP estimates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah Odihi
- International Vaccine Access Center, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Department of Internaional Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Gatien De Broucker
- International Vaccine Access Center, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Department of Internaional Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Zahid Hasan
- International Centre for Diarrheal Disease Research, Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Sayem Ahmed
- International Centre for Diarrheal Disease Research, Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Dagna Constenla
- International Vaccine Access Center, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Department of Internaional Health, Baltimore, MD, USA; GlaxoSmithKline Panama City, Panama
| | - Jasim Uddin
- International Centre for Diarrheal Disease Research, Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Bryan Patenaude
- International Vaccine Access Center, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Department of Internaional Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Masjoudi M, Aslani A, Seifi M, Khazaeian S, Fathnezhad-Kazemi A. Association between perceived stress, fear and anxiety of COVID 19 with self-care in pregnant women: a cross-sectional study. PSYCHOL HEALTH MED 2021; 27:289-300. [DOI: 10.1080/13548506.2021.1894344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marzieh Masjoudi
- Ph.D. Of Reproductive Health. Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Nursing and , Midwifery Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran
| | - Armin Aslani
- Medical Students, Student Research Committee, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mahdieh Seifi
- Department of Midwifery, 29 Bahman Hospital, Iranian Social Security Organization, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Somayyeh Khazaeian
- Department of Midwifery, Ph.D. Of Reproductive Health. 3Pregnancy Health Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Azita Fathnezhad-Kazemi
- Ph.D. Of Reproductive Health. Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Nursing And, Midwifery Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran
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Shersher V, Haines TP, Sturgiss L, Weller C, Williams C. Definitions and use of the teach-back method in healthcare consultations with patients: A systematic review and thematic synthesis. PATIENT EDUCATION AND COUNSELING 2021; 104:118-129. [PMID: 32798080 DOI: 10.1016/j.pec.2020.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/26/2020] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To review and synthesise definitions of the teach-back method in the literature. The second aim is to synthesise the barriers, facilitators and perceptions of teach-back use in healthcare consultations with patients. METHODS A systematic review and thematic synthesis following Braun and Clarke's method. RESULTS The primary search found 1429 citations and the secondary search added 221 citations. Screening identified 66 citations eligible for data extraction. We contrasted and synthesised operational definitions of the teach-back method. The synthesis generated seven themes related to healthcare provider (HCP) and patient perceptions of teach-back (effectiveness, stigma and time-related perceptions), the universal application of teach-back, patient health outcomes and healthcare provider training. DISCUSSION Operational definitions of the teach-back method varied in the literature and contained implied steps. HCPs and patient perceptions of teach-back operated as both enablers and barriers to its use. HCPs training programs for the teach-back method were identified as beneficial for altering HCPs perceptions about the method and increased its use with patients. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS Standardising operational definitions of the teach-back method can support replicability of research and enhance HCPs communication skills training programs. HCPs training on teach-back use can support the increased use of the technique with broader patient populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Violetta Shersher
- School of Primary and Allied Health Care, Monash University, VIC, 3199, Australia.
| | - Terry P Haines
- School of Primary and Allied Health Care, Monash University, VIC, 3199, Australia
| | - Liz Sturgiss
- Department of General Practice, School of Primary and Allied Healthcare, Monash University, VIC, 3168, Australia
| | - Carolina Weller
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Monash University, VIC, 3004, Australia
| | - Cylie Williams
- School of Primary and Allied Health Care, Monash University, VIC, 3199, Australia
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The Effect of the Teach-Back Method on Knowledge, Performance, Readmission, and Quality of Life in Heart Failure Patients. Cardiol Res Pract 2020; 2020:8897881. [PMID: 33299604 PMCID: PMC7707936 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8897881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 10/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Among chronic diseases, heart failure has always been a serious challenge imposing high costs on health systems and societies. Therefore, nurses should adopt new educational strategies to improve self-care behaviors and reduce the readmissions in heart failure patients. This study aimed to determine the effect of the teach-back method on knowledge, performance, readmission, and quality of life in these patients. Methods This clinical trial was conducted in patients with heart failure (n = 70) hospitalized in the internal wards of the Baqiyatallah al-Azam Medical Center in Tehran (2019). Routine discharge educations were provided in control patients. Self-care topics were taught to the intervention groups by the teach-back method. A cardiac self-care questionnaire was used to assess the knowledge and practice of patients immediately after intervention and three months after patient discharge. Also, SF-36 was presented to each patient. Readmission(s) and quality of life were followed up by telephone interviews three months after patient discharge. Repeated measures analysis of variance and related post-hoc tests were performed for within-group comparisons before, immediately after, and 3 months after teach-back education. Wilks' lambda multivariate tests were conducted for simultaneous comparison of quality of life subscales between intervention and control groups. Also, logistic regressions were after controlling for baseline measures and confounders. Results Findings showed significant improvement in the patients' knowledge and performance immediately after teach-back education, though this effect was slow in the long term after discharge. Also, the frequency of readmissions decreased and the quality of life (except physical function) increased in the patients through teach-back education. By controlling for the pretest effect, the posttest scores for the relevant components of the quality of life suggested improvement in both intervention and control patients. This improvement in the quality of life was confirmed by controlling for baseline measurements using binary logistic regression analysis. Conclusion Teach-back education improved patients' knowledge and performance, readmission frequency, and quality of life.
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The effect of self-care education through teach back method on the quality of life in hemodialysis patients. Nephrol Ther 2020; 16:197-200. [PMID: 32532600 DOI: 10.1016/j.nephro.2020.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2019] [Revised: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Self-care education can play an important role in improving the quality of life in hemodialysis patients. PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of self-care education with teach back method on the quality of life in hemodialysis patients. METHODS In this pre- and post-test clinical trial, 45 patients with end-stage renal disease undergoing hemodialysis at Sina hospital in Tehran were included. Patient education was done with teach back method. The duration of training were 3 sessions and the time of each session lasted from 45 minutes to one hour. To collect data from patients, a demographic questionnaire was used and to assess the quality of life of patients, kidney disease quality of life-short form before and after education was used. A significant level of 5% was determined. RESULTS The mean age of patients was 58.49±9.97 years. Among the dimensions of quality of life before education, the highest score was for physical role (64.24±7.68) and the lowest was related to job status (28.33±11.06). After training, the most score was related to emotional role (71.15±2.84) and the least was related to job status (43.87±11.54). A significant difference between the quality of life at before and after education was seen (P=0.000). CONCLUSION This study showed that self-care education through teach back method improves the quality of life in hemodialysis patients. Therefore, it is recommended that nurses in the hemodialysis unit implement self-care education through teach back method as an important task.
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Talevski J, Wong Shee A, Rasmussen B, Kemp G, Beauchamp A. Teach-back: A systematic review of implementation and impacts. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0231350. [PMID: 32287296 PMCID: PMC7156054 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0231350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients often have difficulty comprehending or recalling information given to them by their healthcare providers. Use of 'teach-back' has been shown to improve patients' knowledge and self-care abilities, however there is little guidance for healthcare services seeking to embed teach-back in their setting. This review aims to synthesize evidence about the translation of teach-back into practice including mode of delivery, use of implementation strategies and effectiveness. We searched Ovid Medline, CINAHL, Embase and The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials for studies reporting the use of teach-back as an educational intervention, published up to July 2019. Two reviewers independently extracted study data and assessed methodologic quality. Implementation strategies were extracted into distinct categories established in the Implementation Expert Recommendations for Implementing Change (ERIC) project. Overall, 20 studies of moderate quality were included in this review (four rated high, nine rated moderate, seven rated weak). Studies were heterogeneous in terms of setting, population and outcomes. In most studies (n = 15), teach-back was delivered as part of a simple and structured educational approach. Implementation strategies were infrequently reported (n = 10 studies). The most used implementation strategies were training and education of stakeholders (n = 8), support for clinicians (n = 6) and use of audits and provider feedback (n = 4). Use of teach-back proved effective in 19 of the 20 studies, ranging from learning-related outcomes (e.g. knowledge recall and retention) to objective health-related outcomes (e.g. hospital re-admissions, quality of life). Teach-back was found to be effective across a wide range of settings, populations and outcome measures. While its mode of delivery is well-defined, strategies to support its translation into practice are not often described. Use of implementation strategies such as training and education of stakeholders and supporting clinicians during implementation may improve the uptake and sustainability of teach-back and achieve positive outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Talevski
- Department of Medicine–Western Health, The University of Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), The University of Melbourne and Western Health, VIC, Australia
| | - Anna Wong Shee
- Ballarat Health Services, VIC, Australia
- Department of Rural Health, School of Medicine, Deakin University, VIC, Australia
| | - Bodil Rasmussen
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Deakin University, VIC, Australia
- Centre for Quality and Patient Safety Research—Western Health Partnership, VIC, Australia
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Alison Beauchamp
- Department of Medicine–Western Health, The University of Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), The University of Melbourne and Western Health, VIC, Australia
- School of Rural Health, Monash University, VIC, Australia
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Esmkhani M, Ahmadi L, Maleki A. The Effect of Client Needs Counseling on the Postpartum Quality of Life of Women. J Perinat Educ 2020; 29:95-102. [PMID: 32308359 DOI: 10.1891/j-pe-d-18-00044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
In a randomized clinical trial study, the effect of client needs counseling on the postpartum quality of life of 84 women were investigated. The data were collected using the Postpartum Quality of Life Questionnaire. The post-test mean total score of quality of life had a statistically significant difference between two groups (p = .001). There were significant differences between two groups in the post-test mean of mother's feelings toward herself, her husband and others, physical changes, satisfaction with birth method, and selection of the next method of birth areas (p < .05). Our findings indicated that providing two additional counseling sessions based on the client's needs can be effective in promoting the quality of life of low-risk women.
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Yen PH, Leasure AR. Use and Effectiveness of the Teach-Back Method in Patient Education and Health Outcomes. Fed Pract 2019; 36:284-289. [PMID: 31258322 PMCID: PMC6590951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A review of the literature on the teach-back method of education suggests that the technique may be beneficial in reinforcing patient education.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peggy H Yen
- is a Nurse Practitioner at the Oklahoma City VA Medical Center. is an Associate Professor in the Fran and Earl Ziegler College of Nursing at the University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center in Oklahoma City
| | - A Renee Leasure
- is a Nurse Practitioner at the Oklahoma City VA Medical Center. is an Associate Professor in the Fran and Earl Ziegler College of Nursing at the University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center in Oklahoma City
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Faria-Schützer DB, Surita FG, Rodrigues L, Turato ER. Eating Behaviors in Postpartum: A Qualitative Study of Women with Obesity. Nutrients 2018; 10:E885. [PMID: 29996489 PMCID: PMC6073558 DOI: 10.3390/nu10070885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Revised: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
In postpartum, women experience major changes in their lives; they are forced to deal with new internal and external demands for attention and care for themselves and the baby. Postpartum feeding also suffers changes in this stage of life, because women find more barriers to healthy eating, which can put them at greater risk of overweight or obesity. This is a qualitative study, through in-depth semi-directed interviews in an intentional sample with postpartum women with obesity, closed by saturation and qualitative content analysis. Sixteen women were included. Three categories emerged from this analysis: (1) from pregnancy to postpartum: changes in body and eating behavior; (2) eating to fill the void of helplessness felt during the postpartum period; and (3) breastfeeding and baby feeding. Women with obesity eat to relieve unpleasant feelings during the postnatal period. The postpartum period is an opportune moment to introduce long-term changes in the eating behaviors and mental wellbeing of these women. Healthcare teams need to restructure to provide more focused follow-up care for women with obesity during the postnatal period in terms of their physical and emotional health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Débora Bicudo Faria-Schützer
- Postgraduate Program in Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, BR-13083881 Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Fernanda Garanhani Surita
- Postgraduate Program in Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, BR-13083881 Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Larissa Rodrigues
- Postgraduate Program in Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, BR-13083881 Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Egberto Ribeiro Turato
- Postgraduate Program in Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, BR-13083881 Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
- Department of Medical Psychology and Psychiatry, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, BR-13083881 Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
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