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Harrison ME, Kanbur N, Canton K, Desai TS, Lim-Reinders S, Groulx C, Norris ML. Adolescents' Cannabis Knowledge and Risk Perception: A Systematic Review. J Adolesc Health 2024; 74:402-440. [PMID: 37966406 DOI: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2023.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
To systematically review evidence evaluating cannabis-related knowledge and perception of risk in children and adolescents. We systematically searched Medline, PsycINFO, and EMBASE using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses methodology. 133 studies from around the world (including ages 10-18 yrs) met inclusion criteria, with 70% meeting grade 2C quality. Increased knowledge and perception of risk of cannabis frequently correlated with lower levels of current use and intent to use. Studies examining correlations over time generally demonstrated increased adolescent cannabis use and decreased perception of risk. Included prevention-based interventions often enhanced knowledge and/or perception of risk in adolescents exposed to the intervention. Studies exploring outcomes relating to legislative changes for recreational marijuana use demonstrated considerable heterogeneity regarding knowledge and perception of risk whereas studies that focused on medicinal marijuana legislative changes overwhelmingly demonstrated a decrease in perception of risk post legalization. Increased knowledge and perception of risk of cannabis in adolescents often correlate with lower levels of current use and intention to use in the future. Further study and implementation of public health and clinically-oriented strategies that seek to increase knowledge among youth about the potential health harms of cannabis use should continue and be prioritized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan E Harrison
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Division of Adolescent Health, CHEO, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; CHEO Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Nuray Kanbur
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Division of Adolescent Health, CHEO, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; CHEO Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kyle Canton
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Tejas S Desai
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Chase Groulx
- CHEO Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mark L Norris
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Division of Adolescent Health, CHEO, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; CHEO Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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Yu YZ, Jin X, Jia L. A comparative study of the attentional blink of facial expression in deaf and hearing children. Iperception 2023; 14:20416695231182294. [PMID: 37435315 PMCID: PMC10331095 DOI: 10.1177/20416695231182294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The rapid serial visual presentation paradigm was used to investigate differences in the attentional blink between deaf children and hearing children in response to facial expressions of fear and disgust. The results showed that: (1) deaf and hearing children had a higher accuracy rate for T1 with disgustful facial expression than T1 with fear facial expression, (2) There was no significant difference in attentional blink between deaf and hearing children, (3) When T2 appeared at Lag6, the response accuracy of T2 in the disgust T1 condition was lower than that in fear T1 condition. However, no significant difference in T2 at Lag2 was found between the two conditions. The results showed that deaf children and those with hearing were more sensitive to facial expressions of disgust, which captured more attentional resources, and the ability of visual attention of deaf children was not weaker than hearing children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhan Yu
- The School of Education Science, Jiangsu Normal
University, China
| | - Xing Jin
- The School of Education Science, Jiangsu Normal
University, China
| | - Linxiang Jia
- The School of Education Science, Jiangsu Normal
University, China
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Díaz-Geada A, Obradors-Rial N, Baena A, Teixidó-Compañó E, Colillas-Malet E, Mallah N, Moure-Rodríguez L, Caamaño-Isorna F, Barón-Garcia T. Contextual Determinants in Alcohol, Tobacco and Cannabis Consumption, Mood and Bullying during Adolescence. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:8480. [PMID: 34444240 PMCID: PMC8393869 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18168480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
The present study aimed to explore the differences in the consumption of alcohol, tobacco and cannabis, mood and bullying between adolescents. A cross-sectional study was carried out in five regions of Northern Spain (one in Galiza and four in central Catalonia) that share similar socioeconomic characteristics and encompass around 10,000 inhabitants each. Students living in Burela, Galiza (N = 71) were compared to those of Central Catalonia (N = 193). The independent variable was the municipality of residence. The dependent variables encompassed: weekly available pocket money, Family Affluence Scale, self-classified academic qualification, place of origin, alcohol consumption, tobacco and cannabis smoking, negative mood and bullying. The mean age and their 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) of participants were similar between the regions (Burela: 15.90 years (15.68-16.13) and Central Catalonia: 15.36 years (15.28-15.44)). More than half of the participants were females (Burela, Galiza (53.5%) and Catalonia (54.9%)). Prevalence ratios (PR) and their 95% CI were estimated using Poisson regression models. In comparison with adolescents from Burela (Galiza), those living in Central Catalonia had higher prevalence of diverse academic levels (adjusted PR = 3.92 (1.78-8.66)), tobacco consumption (adjusted PR = 2.41 (1.47-3.97)) and negative mood (adjusted PR = 5.97 (3.05-11.70)). Even when dealing with regions with similar socioeconomic characteristics and number of inhabitants, differences exist in terms of the socioeconomic level, tobacco consumption, mood and bullying, as reported by adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ainara Díaz-Geada
- Department of Public Health, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (A.D.-G.); (N.M.); (L.M.-R.)
| | - Núria Obradors-Rial
- Faculty of Health Sciences of Manresa, University of Vic—Central University of Catalonia (UVic-UCC), 08242 Manresa, Spain; (N.O.-R.); (E.T.-C.); (E.C.-M.); (T.B.-G.)
| | - Antoni Baena
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitat Oberta de Catalunya (UOC), 08018 Barcelona, Spain;
- Tobacco Control Unit, Cancer Control and Prevention Programme, Institut Català d’Oncologia—ICO, Av. Granvia de L’Hospitalet 199-203, 08908 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ester Teixidó-Compañó
- Faculty of Health Sciences of Manresa, University of Vic—Central University of Catalonia (UVic-UCC), 08242 Manresa, Spain; (N.O.-R.); (E.T.-C.); (E.C.-M.); (T.B.-G.)
| | - Ester Colillas-Malet
- Faculty of Health Sciences of Manresa, University of Vic—Central University of Catalonia (UVic-UCC), 08242 Manresa, Spain; (N.O.-R.); (E.T.-C.); (E.C.-M.); (T.B.-G.)
| | - Narmeen Mallah
- Department of Public Health, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (A.D.-G.); (N.M.); (L.M.-R.)
- Biomedical Research Networking Center for Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Lucía Moure-Rodríguez
- Department of Public Health, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (A.D.-G.); (N.M.); (L.M.-R.)
| | - Francisco Caamaño-Isorna
- Department of Public Health, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (A.D.-G.); (N.M.); (L.M.-R.)
- Biomedical Research Networking Center for Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Tivy Barón-Garcia
- Faculty of Health Sciences of Manresa, University of Vic—Central University of Catalonia (UVic-UCC), 08242 Manresa, Spain; (N.O.-R.); (E.T.-C.); (E.C.-M.); (T.B.-G.)
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