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Lensch T, Clements-Nolle K, Oman RF, Lu M. A longitudinal study of the protective influence of youth assets on juvenile arrest. J Public Health (Oxf) 2021; 43:295-301. [PMID: 31665366 DOI: 10.1093/pubmed/fdz119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Revised: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The objective of this study was to determine the separate and cumulative influence of individual, family and community assets on juvenile arrest rates in a cohort of youth. METHODS Five waves of data were collected from 1111 youth and their parents living in randomly sampled census tracts in a Midwestern state. Computer-assisted, in-person data collection methods were used to measure assets within individual (six assets), family (four assets) and community (six assets) domains. Extended Cox models were used to assess the relationship between the number of assets and time to first juvenile arrest, while controlling for known confounders. RESULTS Nine of 16 assets across individual, family and community domains were prospectively associated with a reduction in arrest rates. There was a relationship between the number of assets youth possess within individual, family and community domains and rates of arrest. For example, compared to youth with zero to one community assets, those with three [adjusted hazard ratio (AHR): 0.52; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.30-0.88], four [AHR: 0.57; 95% CI: 0.34-0.97] or five to six [AHR: 0.45; 95% CI: 0.25-0.82] community assets had lower risk of arrest. CONCLUSIONS Public health efforts focused on developing policies and programs to promote asset building across multiple domains of influence are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taylor Lensch
- University of Nevada, Reno School of Community Health Sciences/MS 0275, 1664 N. Virginia St., Reno, NV 89557-0275 USA
| | - Kristen Clements-Nolle
- University of Nevada, Reno School of Community Health Sciences/MS 0275, 1664 N. Virginia St., Reno, NV 89557-0275 USA
| | - Roy F Oman
- University of Nevada, Reno School of Community Health Sciences/MS 0275, 1664 N. Virginia St., Reno, NV 89557-0275 USA
| | - Minggen Lu
- University of Nevada, Reno School of Community Health Sciences/MS 0275, 1664 N. Virginia St., Reno, NV 89557-0275 USA
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Moser L, Oman RF, Lensch T, Clements-Nolle K. Prospective Associations Among Youth Assets and Alcohol, Tobacco, and Other Drug Use in a Hispanic Youth Population. HISPANIC JOURNAL OF BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.1177/0739986320915171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
This study’s purpose was to determine whether specific youth assets (conceptualized as influencing health behavior at the individual, family, or community level) were prospectively associated with reduced alcohol, tobacco, and other drug use (ATD) in a sample of Hispanic youth. A longitudinal community-based study was conducted with five waves of data collected annually over 4 years. Participants were Hispanic youth (14.1 years old; 53% female) and their parents ( N = 306 youth/parent pairs). Generalized linear mixed models were used to determine the prospective influence of 17 youth assets on ATD over five waves of data. Results indicated that Hispanic youth with three of seven individual-level assets (e.g., educational aspirations), any of four family-level assets (e.g., family communication), or with one of six community-level assets (e.g., positive peer role models) were significantly less likely to engage in ATD. The results suggest that assets protect Hispanic youth from ATD and that family-level assets may be particularly important.
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Soares AS, Pais-Ribeiro JL, Silva I. Developmental Assets Predictors of Life Satisfaction in Adolescents. Front Psychol 2019; 10:236. [PMID: 30809171 PMCID: PMC6379329 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The concept of Developmental Assets links positive features of developmental ecologies with personal skills, competences and values in order to further the understanding of optimal development. The purpose of this research was to explore the relationship between the experience of Developmental Assets and adolescent's perception of Life Satisfaction. A convenience sample of 503 Portuguese students was evaluated, mean age of 15.92 years (SD = 1.17), 63% female gender. Findings revealed that both external and internal Developmental Assets are experienced differently across gender, grade and age. Results indicate that 74% of the adolescents report their Life Satisfaction to be in the positive range. Boys report significantly higher levels of Life Satisfaction than girls. Results show significant negative correlations between Life Satisfaction and age. The main effect of school grade on Life Satisfaction was not statistically significant. Findings revealed that 32 of the 40 Developmental Assets configured in the model showed a statistically significant positive relationship with Life Satisfaction. Also, results suggest that the greater the experience of Developmental Assets, the greater the Life Satisfaction. Stepwise regression was conducted to determine which Developmental Assets and demographic factors predict Life Satisfaction. Results suggest that the relationship between demographic variables and Life Satisfaction is weak, contributing modestly to the prediction of Life Satisfaction (2%). Nine Developmental Assets emerged as independent and significant predictors of Life Satisfaction: Overall Self-esteem made the largest contribution, with Family Support, Planning and decision Making, Sense of Purpose, Positive Family Communication, Positive Values of Caring, Youth as Resources, School Engagement and Other Adult Relationships also yield significant predictability. The total regression model (Developmental Assets and demographic variables) explained 54% of the variance in Life Satisfaction results. The present findings suggest the applicability and utility of the framework as a strategy to foster positive development in adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Sofia Soares
- Faculdade de Psicologia e Ciências da Educação, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - José L Pais-Ribeiro
- Faculdade de Psicologia e Ciências da Educação, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Isabel Silva
- Faculdade de Ciências Humanas e Sociais, Universidade Fernando Pessoa do Porto, Porto, Portugal
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Oman RF, Lensch T, Amroussia N, Clements-Nolle K, Lu M, Yang Y. The Revised Youth Asset Survey (YAS-R). Am J Health Promot 2018; 33:768-773. [PMID: 30486663 DOI: 10.1177/0890117118814390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The study's purpose was to improve the psychometric properties of the Youth Asset Survey (YAS). DESIGN Longitudinal cohort study with youth and parents recruited via door-to-door canvassing to participate in a 5-wave, 4-year study that assessed prospective associations among youth assets and youth health-related behaviors. Additional test items were added in the last 2 waves of a study to improve the YAS. SETTING Households in randomly selected census tracts located in the Oklahoma City metropolitan area. PARTICIPANTS Youth and their parents (N = 1111 parent/child dyads). Youth demographic characteristics at wave 4 were mean age = 17.3 (standard deviation = 1.62) years; 53% female, 41% white, 28% Hispanic, 24% African American, and 6% other. MEASURES Sixty-eight items assessing 17 youth asset constructs and 8 single items assessing youth risk behaviors. ANALYSIS Confirmatory factor analysis and generalized linear models were conducted to assess construct reliability and predictive validity, respectively. RESULTS Cronbach α for the revised asset constructs ranged from .72 to .82, predictive validity was strong, and all revised asset constructs were assessed via 4 items. CONCLUSIONS Researchers and practitioners have an improved 68-item YAS-Revised, freely available for their use, which measures 17 youth assets with good reliability, validity, and functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roy F Oman
- 1 School of Community Health Sciences, University of Nevada, Reno, NV, USA
| | - Taylor Lensch
- 1 School of Community Health Sciences, University of Nevada, Reno, NV, USA
| | - Nada Amroussia
- 1 School of Community Health Sciences, University of Nevada, Reno, NV, USA
| | | | - Minggen Lu
- 1 School of Community Health Sciences, University of Nevada, Reno, NV, USA
| | - Yueran Yang
- 2 Department of Psychology, University of Nevada, Reno, NV, USA
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Lensch T, Clements-Nolle K, Oman RF, Lu M, Dominguez A. Prospective impact of individual, family and community youth assets on adolescent suicide ideation. J Epidemiol Community Health 2018; 73:219-224. [PMID: 30470699 DOI: 10.1136/jech-2017-210107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2017] [Revised: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 11/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies have found that youth assets have a protective influence on many risk behaviours. However, the relationship between youth assets and adolescent suicide ideation is poorly understood. The purpose of this study was to determine if youth assets were prospectively associated with suicide ideation. METHODS Four waves of data were collected from 1111 youth and their parents living in randomly sampled census tracts that were stratified by income and race/ethnicity using census data. Computer-assisted, in-person data collection methods were used to measure assets at the individual (6 assets), family (4 assets) and community (6 assets) levels. Generalised linear mixed models were used to prospectively assess the relationship between the number of individual-level, family-level and community-level assets and suicide ideation, while controlling for known confounders. RESULTS About half of the sample was female (53%). Participants were racially/ethnically diverse (white (41%), Hispanic (29%) and black (24%)). Eleven of the 16 assets were associated with reduced odds of suicide ideation. In addition, there was a graded relationship between the number of assets at each level (individual, family and community) and the odds of suicide ideation. For example, compared with youth with 0-2 family assets, those with 3 (OR 0.61; 95% CI 0.42 to 0.90) or 4 (OR 0.32; 95% CI 0.21 to 0.51) family assets had lower odds of suicide ideation. CONCLUSIONS This prospective analysis showed a protective relationship between youth assets and suicide ideation, with the greatest protection among youth with the most assets. Interventions designed to build youth assets may be a useful strategy for reducing adolescent suicide ideation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taylor Lensch
- School of Community Health Sciences, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada, USA
| | | | - Roy F Oman
- School of Community Health Sciences, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada, USA
| | - Minggen Lu
- School of Community Health Sciences, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada, USA
| | - Amanda Dominguez
- School of Community Health Sciences, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada, USA
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Oman RF, Clements-Nolle K, Lu M, Lensch T. An Investigation of Youth Assets and Physical Activity and BMI Using a Longitudinal Cohort Design. Am J Health Promot 2018; 32:1751-1754. [PMID: 29649897 DOI: 10.1177/0890117118769561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Substantial research has demonstrated that assets (eg, family communication, school connectedness) protect youth from participation in numerous risk behaviors. However, very few studies have explored the relationship between assets and positive health behaviors. This study investigated prospective associations among assets and physical activity (PA) and body mass index (BMI). DESIGN Longitudinal design with 5 waves of data collected annually over a 4-year period. SETTING Community-based setting with participants recruited via door-to-door canvasing of homes located in stratified (by race and income) randomly selected census tracts and blocks. PARTICIPANTS Participants were 1111 youth (baseline mean age = 14.3 years [SD = 1.6]; 53% female; 40.6% white, 28.6% Hispanic, 24.4% black, 6.4% other) and their parents. MEASURES Weekly participation in PA, BMI, and 14 youth assets representing multiple levels of influence (individual, family, and community). ANALYSIS Generalized linear mixed models assessed associations among the assets and PA and BMI over the 5 waves of data. RESULTS There was a significant and graded relationship between assets and weekly participation in PA. For example, at the community-asset level, PA minutes were higher among youth with 2 assets ( P = .006), 3 assets ( P = .0006), and 4 to 5 assets ( P < .0001) compared to youth with 0 to 1 assets. No effects were found for BMI. CONCLUSION Asset-based health promotion programs for youth may promote positive health behaviors and prevent participation in risk behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roy F Oman
- 1 University of Nevada Reno, School of Community Health Sciences, Reno, NV, USA
| | | | - Minggen Lu
- 1 University of Nevada Reno, School of Community Health Sciences, Reno, NV, USA
| | - Taylor Lensch
- 1 University of Nevada Reno, School of Community Health Sciences, Reno, NV, USA
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Rai S, Adhikari SB, Acharya NR, Kaiser BN, Kohrt BA. Elucidating adolescent aspirational models for the design of public mental health interventions: a mixed-method study in rural Nepal. Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health 2017; 11:65. [PMID: 29299056 PMCID: PMC5740935 DOI: 10.1186/s13034-017-0198-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Accepted: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adolescent aspirational models are sets of preferences for an idealized self. Aspirational models influence behavior and exposure to risk factors that shape adult mental and physical health. Cross-cultural understandings of adolescent aspirational models are crucial for successful global mental health programs. The study objective was elucidating adolescent aspirational models to inform interventions in Nepal. METHODS Twenty qualitative life trajectory interviews were conducted among adolescents, teachers, and parents. Card sorting (rating and ranking activities) were administered to 72 adolescents aged 15-19 years, stratified by caste/ethnicity: upper caste Brahman and Chhetri, occupational caste Dalit, and ethnic minority Janajati. RESULTS Themes included qualities of an ideal person; life goals, barriers, and resources; emotions and coping; and causes of interpersonal violence, harmful alcohol use, and suicide. Education was the highest valued attribute of ideal persons. Educational attainment received higher prioritization by marginalized social groups (Dalit and Janajati). Poverty was the greatest barrier to achieving life goals. The most common distressing emotion was 'tension', which girls endorsed more frequently than boys. Sharing emotions and self-consoling were common responses to distress. Tension was the most common reason for alcohol use, especially among girls. Domestic violence, romantic break-ups, and academic pressure were reasons for suicidality. CONCLUSION Inability to achieve aspirational models due to a range of barriers was associated with negative emotions-notably tension-and dysfunctional coping that exacerbates barriers, which ultimately results in the triad of interpersonal violence, substance abuse, and suicidality. Interventions should be framed as reducing the locally salient idiom of distress tension and target this triad of threats. Regarding intervention content, youth-endorsed coping mechanisms should be fortified to counter this distress pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sauharda Rai
- Transcultural Psychosocial Organization Nepal (TPO Nepal), Anek Marga, Baluwatar, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Safar Bikram Adhikari
- Transcultural Psychosocial Organization Nepal (TPO Nepal), Anek Marga, Baluwatar, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Nanda Raj Acharya
- Transcultural Psychosocial Organization Nepal (TPO Nepal), Anek Marga, Baluwatar, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | | | - Brandon A. Kohrt
- Transcultural Psychosocial Organization Nepal (TPO Nepal), Anek Marga, Baluwatar, Kathmandu, Nepal
- Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, DC USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Duke University, Durham, NC USA
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Cheney MK, Oman RF, Vesely SK, Aspy CB, Tolma EL. The Prospective Association of Youth Assets With Tobacco Use in Young Adulthood. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HEALTH EDUCATION 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/19325037.2015.1077177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Roy F. Oman
- University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center
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