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Thon P, Rahmel T, Ziehe D, Palmowski L, Marko B, Nowak H, Wolf A, Witowski A, Orlowski J, Ellger B, Wappler F, Schwier E, Henzler D, Köhler T, Zarbock A, Ehrentraut SF, Putensen C, Frey UH, Anft M, Babel N, Sitek B, Adamzik M, Bergmann L, Unterberg M, Koos B, Rump K. AQP3 and AQP9-Contrary Players in Sepsis? Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1209. [PMID: 38279209 PMCID: PMC10816878 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25021209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Sepsis involves an immunological systemic response to a microbial pathogenic insult, leading to a cascade of interconnected biochemical, cellular, and organ-organ interaction networks. Potential drug targets can depict aquaporins, as they are involved in immunological processes. In immune cells, AQP3 and AQP9 are of special interest. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that these aquaporins are expressed in the blood cells of septic patients and impact sepsis survival. Clinical data, routine laboratory parameters, and blood samples from septic patients were analyzed on day 1 and day 8 after sepsis diagnosis. AQP expression and cytokine serum concentrations were measured. AQP3 mRNA expression increased over the duration of sepsis and was correlated with lymphocyte count. High AQP3 expression was associated with increased survival. In contrast, AQP9 expression was not altered during sepsis and was correlated with neutrophil count, and low levels of AQP9 were associated with increased survival. Furthermore, AQP9 expression was an independent risk factor for sepsis lethality. In conclusion, AQP3 and AQP9 may play contrary roles in the pathophysiology of sepsis, and these results suggest that AQP9 may be a novel drug target in sepsis and, concurrently, a valuable biomarker of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Thon
- Klinik für Anästhesiologie, Intensivmedizin und Schmerztherapie, Universitätsklinikum Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum, 44892 Bochum, Germany; (P.T.); (T.R.); (D.Z.); (L.P.); (B.M.); (H.N.); (A.W.); (J.O.); (B.S.); (M.A.); (L.B.); (M.U.); (B.K.)
| | - Tim Rahmel
- Klinik für Anästhesiologie, Intensivmedizin und Schmerztherapie, Universitätsklinikum Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum, 44892 Bochum, Germany; (P.T.); (T.R.); (D.Z.); (L.P.); (B.M.); (H.N.); (A.W.); (J.O.); (B.S.); (M.A.); (L.B.); (M.U.); (B.K.)
| | - Dominik Ziehe
- Klinik für Anästhesiologie, Intensivmedizin und Schmerztherapie, Universitätsklinikum Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum, 44892 Bochum, Germany; (P.T.); (T.R.); (D.Z.); (L.P.); (B.M.); (H.N.); (A.W.); (J.O.); (B.S.); (M.A.); (L.B.); (M.U.); (B.K.)
| | - Lars Palmowski
- Klinik für Anästhesiologie, Intensivmedizin und Schmerztherapie, Universitätsklinikum Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum, 44892 Bochum, Germany; (P.T.); (T.R.); (D.Z.); (L.P.); (B.M.); (H.N.); (A.W.); (J.O.); (B.S.); (M.A.); (L.B.); (M.U.); (B.K.)
| | - Britta Marko
- Klinik für Anästhesiologie, Intensivmedizin und Schmerztherapie, Universitätsklinikum Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum, 44892 Bochum, Germany; (P.T.); (T.R.); (D.Z.); (L.P.); (B.M.); (H.N.); (A.W.); (J.O.); (B.S.); (M.A.); (L.B.); (M.U.); (B.K.)
| | - Hartmuth Nowak
- Klinik für Anästhesiologie, Intensivmedizin und Schmerztherapie, Universitätsklinikum Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum, 44892 Bochum, Germany; (P.T.); (T.R.); (D.Z.); (L.P.); (B.M.); (H.N.); (A.W.); (J.O.); (B.S.); (M.A.); (L.B.); (M.U.); (B.K.)
- Center for Artificial Intelligence, Medical Informatics and Data Science, University Hospital Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum, 44892 Bochum, Germany
| | - Alexander Wolf
- Klinik für Anästhesiologie, Intensivmedizin und Schmerztherapie, Universitätsklinikum Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum, 44892 Bochum, Germany; (P.T.); (T.R.); (D.Z.); (L.P.); (B.M.); (H.N.); (A.W.); (J.O.); (B.S.); (M.A.); (L.B.); (M.U.); (B.K.)
| | - Andrea Witowski
- Klinik für Anästhesiologie, Intensivmedizin und Schmerztherapie, Universitätsklinikum Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum, 44892 Bochum, Germany; (P.T.); (T.R.); (D.Z.); (L.P.); (B.M.); (H.N.); (A.W.); (J.O.); (B.S.); (M.A.); (L.B.); (M.U.); (B.K.)
| | - Jennifer Orlowski
- Klinik für Anästhesiologie, Intensivmedizin und Schmerztherapie, Universitätsklinikum Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum, 44892 Bochum, Germany; (P.T.); (T.R.); (D.Z.); (L.P.); (B.M.); (H.N.); (A.W.); (J.O.); (B.S.); (M.A.); (L.B.); (M.U.); (B.K.)
| | - Björn Ellger
- Klinik für Anästhesiologie, Intensivmedizin und Schmerztherapie, Klinikum Westfalen, 44309 Dortmund, Germany;
| | - Frank Wappler
- Department of Anesthesiology and Operative Intensive Care Medicine, University of Witten/Herdecke, Cologne Merheim Medical School, 51109 Cologne, Germany;
| | - Elke Schwier
- Department of Anesthesiology, Surgical Intensive Care, Emergency and Pain Medicine, Ruhr-University Bochum, Klinikum Herford, 32049 Herford, Germany; (E.S.); (D.H.); (T.K.)
| | - Dietrich Henzler
- Department of Anesthesiology, Surgical Intensive Care, Emergency and Pain Medicine, Ruhr-University Bochum, Klinikum Herford, 32049 Herford, Germany; (E.S.); (D.H.); (T.K.)
| | - Thomas Köhler
- Department of Anesthesiology, Surgical Intensive Care, Emergency and Pain Medicine, Ruhr-University Bochum, Klinikum Herford, 32049 Herford, Germany; (E.S.); (D.H.); (T.K.)
| | - Alexander Zarbock
- Klinik für Anästhesiologie, Operative Intensivmedizin und Schmerztherapie, Universitätsklinikum Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany;
| | - Stefan Felix Ehrentraut
- Klinik für Anästhesiologie und Operative Intensivmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany; (S.F.E.); (C.P.)
| | - Christian Putensen
- Klinik für Anästhesiologie und Operative Intensivmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany; (S.F.E.); (C.P.)
| | - Ulrich Hermann Frey
- Marien Hospital Herne, Universitätsklinikum der Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 44625 Herne, Germany;
| | - Moritz Anft
- Center for Translational Medicine, Medical Clinic I, Marien Hospital Herne, University Hospital of the Ruhr-University Bochum, 44625 Herne, Germany; (M.A.); (N.B.)
| | - Nina Babel
- Center for Translational Medicine, Medical Clinic I, Marien Hospital Herne, University Hospital of the Ruhr-University Bochum, 44625 Herne, Germany; (M.A.); (N.B.)
| | - Barbara Sitek
- Klinik für Anästhesiologie, Intensivmedizin und Schmerztherapie, Universitätsklinikum Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum, 44892 Bochum, Germany; (P.T.); (T.R.); (D.Z.); (L.P.); (B.M.); (H.N.); (A.W.); (J.O.); (B.S.); (M.A.); (L.B.); (M.U.); (B.K.)
| | - Michael Adamzik
- Klinik für Anästhesiologie, Intensivmedizin und Schmerztherapie, Universitätsklinikum Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum, 44892 Bochum, Germany; (P.T.); (T.R.); (D.Z.); (L.P.); (B.M.); (H.N.); (A.W.); (J.O.); (B.S.); (M.A.); (L.B.); (M.U.); (B.K.)
| | - Lars Bergmann
- Klinik für Anästhesiologie, Intensivmedizin und Schmerztherapie, Universitätsklinikum Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum, 44892 Bochum, Germany; (P.T.); (T.R.); (D.Z.); (L.P.); (B.M.); (H.N.); (A.W.); (J.O.); (B.S.); (M.A.); (L.B.); (M.U.); (B.K.)
| | - Matthias Unterberg
- Klinik für Anästhesiologie, Intensivmedizin und Schmerztherapie, Universitätsklinikum Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum, 44892 Bochum, Germany; (P.T.); (T.R.); (D.Z.); (L.P.); (B.M.); (H.N.); (A.W.); (J.O.); (B.S.); (M.A.); (L.B.); (M.U.); (B.K.)
| | - Björn Koos
- Klinik für Anästhesiologie, Intensivmedizin und Schmerztherapie, Universitätsklinikum Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum, 44892 Bochum, Germany; (P.T.); (T.R.); (D.Z.); (L.P.); (B.M.); (H.N.); (A.W.); (J.O.); (B.S.); (M.A.); (L.B.); (M.U.); (B.K.)
| | - Katharina Rump
- Klinik für Anästhesiologie, Intensivmedizin und Schmerztherapie, Universitätsklinikum Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum, 44892 Bochum, Germany; (P.T.); (T.R.); (D.Z.); (L.P.); (B.M.); (H.N.); (A.W.); (J.O.); (B.S.); (M.A.); (L.B.); (M.U.); (B.K.)
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Rump K, Koos B, Ziehe D, Thon P, Rahmel T, Palmowski L, Marko B, Wolf A, Witowski A, Bazzi Z, Bazzi M, Orlowski J, Adamzik M, Bergmann L, Unterberg M. Methazolamide Reduces the AQP5 mRNA Expression and Immune Cell Migration-A New Potential Drug in Sepsis Therapy? Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:610. [PMID: 38203778 PMCID: PMC10779206 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is a life-threatening condition caused by the dysregulated host response to infection. Novel therapeutic options are urgently needed and aquaporin inhibitors could suffice as aquaporin 5 (Aqp5) knockdown provided enhanced sepsis survival in a murine sepsis model. Potential AQP5 inhibitors provide sulfonamides and their derivatives. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that sulfonamides reduce AQP5 expression in different conditions. The impact of sulfonamides on AQP5 expression and immune cell migration was examined in cell lines REH and RAW 264.7 by qPCR, Western blot and migration assay. Subsequently, whether furosemide and methazolamide are capable of reducing AQP5 expression after LPS incubation was investigated in whole blood samples of healthy volunteers. Incubation with methazolamide (10-5 M) and furosemide (10-6 M) reduced AQP5 mRNA and protein expression by about 30% in REH cells. Pre-incubation of the cells with methazolamide reduced cell migration towards SDF1-α compared to non-preincubated cells to control level. Pre-incubation with methazolamide in PBMCs led to a reduction in LPS-induced AQP5 expression compared to control levels, while furosemide failed to reduce it. Methazolamide appears to reduce AQP5 expression and migration of immune cells. However, after LPS administration, the reduction in AQP5 expression by methazolamide is no longer possible. Hence, our study indicates that methazolamide is capable of reducing AQP5 expression and has the potential to be used in sepsis prophylaxis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Rump
- Klinik für Anästhesiologie, Intensivmedizin und Schmerztherapie, Universitätsklinikum Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum, 44892 Bochum, Germany; (B.K.); (D.Z.); (P.T.); (T.R.); (L.P.); (B.M.); (A.W.); (A.W.); (Z.B.); (M.B.); (J.O.); (M.A.); (M.U.)
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