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Lysakova EV, Shumeev AN, Chuvpilo SA, Laktyushkin VS, Arsentieva NA, Bobrov MY, Rybtsov SA. Quantitative Analysis of Phagocytosis in Whole Blood Using Double Staining and Visualization. BIOCHEMISTRY. BIOKHIMIIA 2024; 89:923-932. [PMID: 38880652 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297924050122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Phagocytosis is an essential innate immunity function in humans and animals. A decrease in the ability to phagocytize is associated with many diseases and aging of the immune system. Assessment of phagocytosis dynamics requires quantification of bacteria inside and outside the phagocyte. Although flow cytometry is the most common method for assessing phagocytosis, it does not include visualization and direct quantification of location of bacteria. Here, we used double-labeled Escherichia coli cells to evaluate phagocytosis by flow cytometry (cell sorting) and confocal microscopy, as well as employed image cytometry to provide high-throughput quantitative and spatial recognition of the double-labeled E. coli associated with the phagocytes. Retention of pathogens on the surface of myeloid and lymphoid cells without their internalization was suggested to be an auxiliary function of innate immunity in the fight against infections. The developed method of bacterial labeling significantly increased the accuracy of spatial and quantitative measurement of phagocytosis in whole blood and can be recommended as a tool for phagocytosis assessment by image cytometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena V Lysakova
- Immunobiology and Biomedicine Division, Center for Genetics and Life Sciences, Sirius University of Science and Technology, Sirius, Krasnodar Region, 354340, Russia
| | - Alexander N Shumeev
- Resource Center for Cell Technologies and Immunology, Sirius University of Science and Technology, Sirius, Krasnodar Region, 354340, Russia
| | - Sergei A Chuvpilo
- Immunobiology and Biomedicine Division, Center for Genetics and Life Sciences, Sirius University of Science and Technology, Sirius, Krasnodar Region, 354340, Russia
| | - Viktor S Laktyushkin
- Resource Center for Cell Technologies and Immunology, Sirius University of Science and Technology, Sirius, Krasnodar Region, 354340, Russia
| | | | - Mikhail Yu Bobrov
- Immunobiology and Biomedicine Division, Center for Genetics and Life Sciences, Sirius University of Science and Technology, Sirius, Krasnodar Region, 354340, Russia
| | - Stanislav A Rybtsov
- Resource Center for Cell Technologies and Immunology, Sirius University of Science and Technology, Sirius, Krasnodar Region, 354340, Russia.
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Baker JR, Donnelly LE. Leukocyte Function in COPD: Clinical Relevance and Potential for Drug Therapy. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2021; 16:2227-2242. [PMID: 34354348 PMCID: PMC8331105 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s266394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a progressive lung condition affecting 10% of the global population over 45 years. Currently, there are no disease-modifying treatments, with current therapies treating only the symptoms of the disease. COPD is an inflammatory disease, with a high infiltration of leukocytes being found within the lung of COPD patients. These leukocytes, if not kept in check, damage the lung, leading to the pathophysiology associated with the disease. In this review, we focus on the main leukocytes found within the COPD lung, describing how the release of chemokines from the damaged epithelial lining recruits these cells into the lung. Once present, these cells become active and may be driven towards a more pro-inflammatory phenotype. These cells release their own subtypes of inflammatory mediators, growth factors and proteases which can all lead to airway remodeling, mucus hypersecretion and emphysema. Finally, we describe some of the current therapies and potential new targets that could be utilized to target aberrant leukocyte function in the COPD lung. Here, we focus on old therapies such as statins and corticosteroids, but also look at the emerging field of biologics describing those which have been tested in COPD already and potential new monoclonal antibodies which are under review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan R Baker
- Airway Disease, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Louise E Donnelly
- Airway Disease, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
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Yang JX, Hsiung TC, Weng FC, Ding SL, Wu CP, Conti M, Chuang TH, Catherine Jin SL. Synergistic effect of phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor and serum on migration of endotoxin-stimulated macrophages. Innate Immun 2019; 24:501-512. [PMID: 30409089 PMCID: PMC6830870 DOI: 10.1177/1753425918809155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophage migration is an essential step in host defense against infection and
wound healing. Elevation of cAMP by inhibiting phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4),
enzymes that specifically degrade cAMP, is known to suppress various
inflammatory responses in activated macrophages, but the role of PDE4 in
macrophage migration is poorly understood. Here we show that the migration of
Raw 264.7 macrophages stimulated with LPS was markedly and dose-dependently
induced by the PDE4 inhibitor rolipram as assessed by scratch wound healing
assay. Additionally, this response required the involvement of serum in the
culture medium as serum starvation abrogated the effect. Further analysis
revealed that rolipram and serum exhibited synergistic effect on the migration,
and the influence of serum was independent of PDE4 mRNA expression in
LPS-stimulated macrophages. Moreover, the enhanced migration by rolipram was
mediated by activating cAMP/exchange proteins directly activated by cAMP (Epac)
signaling, presumably via interaction with LPS/TLR4 signaling with the
participation of unknown serum components. These results suggest that PDE4
inhibitors, together with serum components, may serve as positive regulators of
macrophage recruitment for more efficient pathogen clearance and wound
repair.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Fu-Chun Weng
- 1 National Central University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | | | | | - Marco Conti
- 3 Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Francisco, USA
| | - Tsung-Hsien Chuang
- 4 Immunology Research Center, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli
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Domvri K, Zarogoulidis K, Zogas N, Zarogoulidis P, Petanidis S, Porpodis K, Kioseoglou E, Hohenforst-Schmidt W. Potential synergistic effect of phosphodiesterase inhibitors with chemotherapy in lung cancer. J Cancer 2017; 8:3648-3656. [PMID: 29151951 PMCID: PMC5688917 DOI: 10.7150/jca.21783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Accepted: 08/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide and novel therapeutic approaches targeting crucial pathways are urgently needed to improve its treatment. Differentiation-based therapeutics (Methylxanthines) and phosphodiesterase inhibitors (type 4 and 5), have been implicated in cancer treatment. Our objectives were to capture any potential anti-tumor effect of these drug combinations with chemotherapeutic agents in vitro. Methods: Theophylline as Methylxanthines, Roflumilast as phosphodiesterase type 4 (PDE4) inhibitor and Sildenafil as phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) inhibitor are the drugs that we combined with the chemotherapeutic agents (Docetaxel, Cisplatin and Carboplatin) in vitro. Lung cancer cell lines (NCI-H1048-Small cell lung cancer-SCLC, A549- Non-small cell lung cancer-NSCLC) were purchased from ATCC LGC Standards. At indicated time-point, following 24h and 48h incubation, cell viability and apoptosis were measured with Annexin V staining by flow cytometry. Statistical analysis was performed by GraphPad Prism. Results: In SCLC, following 48h incubation, platinum combinations of carboplatin with roflumilast and sildenafil (p<0.001) and carboplatin with theophylline and sildenafil showed increased apoptosis when compared to carboplatin alone. Concerning the combinations of cisplatin, when combined with roflumilast, theophylline and sildenafil appeared with increased apoptosis of that alone (p<0.001, 24h and 48h incubation). In NSCLC, the 24h incubation was not enough to induce satisfactory apoptosis, except for the combination of cisplatin with roflumilast and theophylline (p<0.05) when compared to cisplatin alone. However, following 48h incubation, carboplatin plus sildenafil, carboplatin plus sildenafil, theophylline and roflumilast showed more cytotoxicity when compared to carboplatin alone (p<0.001). Docetaxel combinations showed no statistically significant results. Conclusion: The synergistic effect of PDE inhibitors with platinum-based agents has been demonstrated in lung cancer. Our suggestion is that these combinations could be used as additive and maintenance treatment in combination to antineoplastic agents in lung cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalliopi Domvri
- Pulmonary Department-Oncology Unit, “G. Papanikolaou” General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Zarogoulidis
- Pulmonary Department-Oncology Unit, “G. Papanikolaou” General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Zogas
- Gene and Cell Therapy Center, Hematology Department-Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, “G. Papanikolaou” General Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Paul Zarogoulidis
- Pulmonary Department-Oncology Unit, “G. Papanikolaou” General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Savvas Petanidis
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Porpodis
- Pulmonary Department-Oncology Unit, “G. Papanikolaou” General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Efrosini Kioseoglou
- Gene and Cell Therapy Center, Hematology Department-Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, “G. Papanikolaou” General Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Wolfgang Hohenforst-Schmidt
- Sana Clinic Group Franken, Department of Cardiology / Pulmonology / Intensive Care / Nephrology, ''Hof'' Clinics, University of Erlangen, Hof, Germany
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Ghosh B, Vanjare NV. Does roflumilast induce phagocytic activity in COPD patients? Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2015; 10:1931-4. [PMID: 26392768 PMCID: PMC4574813 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s92812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Baishakhi Ghosh
- Chest Research Foundation (CRF), Pune, Maharashtra, India ; Faculty of Health and Biomedical Science (FOHBS), Symbiosis International University, Pune, Maharashtra, India ; Faculty of Health and Biomedical Science (FOHBS), Symbiosis International University, Pune, Maharashtra, India
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