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de Janon A, Mantalaris A, Panoskaltsis N. Three-Dimensional Human Bone Marrow Organoids for the Study and Application of Normal and Abnormal Hematoimmunopoiesis. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2023; 210:895-904. [PMID: 36947817 PMCID: PMC7614371 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2200836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023]
Abstract
Hematoimmunopoiesis takes place in the adult human bone marrow (BM), which is composed of heterogeneous niches with complex architecture that enables tight regulation of homeostatic and stress responses. There is a paucity of representative culture systems that recapitulate the heterogeneous three-dimensional (3D) human BM microenvironment and that can endogenously produce soluble factors and extracellular matrix that deliver culture fidelity for the study of both normal and abnormal hematopoiesis. Native BM lymphoid populations are also poorly represented in current in vitro and in vivo models, creating challenges for the study and treatment of BM immunopathology. BM organoid models leverage normal 3D organ structure to recreate functional niche microenvironments. Our focus herein is to review the current state of the art in the use of 3D BM organoids, focusing on their capacities to recreate critical quality attributes of the in vivo BM microenvironment for the study of human normal and abnormal hematopoiesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro de Janon
- BioMedical Systems Engineering Laboratory, Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Athanasios Mantalaris
- BioMedical Systems Engineering Laboratory, Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
- School of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
- National Institute for Bioprocessing Research and Training, Ireland
| | - Nicki Panoskaltsis
- BioMedical Systems Engineering Laboratory, Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- School of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Haematology, St. James’s Hospital Dublin, Ireland
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Zippel S, Dilger N, Chatterjee C, Raic A, Brenner-Weiß G, Schadzek P, Rapp BE, Lee-Thedieck C. A parallelized, perfused 3D triculture model of leukemia for in vitro drug testing of chemotherapeutics. Biofabrication 2022; 14. [PMID: 35472717 DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/ac6a7e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Leukemia patients undergo chemotherapy to combat the leukemic cells (LCs) in the bone marrow. During therapy not only the LCs, but also the blood-producing hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) may be destroyed. Chemotherapeutics targeting only the LCs are urgently needed to overcome this problem and minimize life-threatening side-effects. Predictive in vitro drug testing systems allowing simultaneous comparison of various experimental settings would enhance the efficiency of drug development. Here, we present a 3D human leukemic bone marrow model perfused using a magnetic, parallelized culture system to ensure media exchange. Chemotherapeutic treatment of the acute myeloid leukemia cell line KG-1a in 3D magnetic hydrogels seeded with mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) revealed a greater resistance of KG-1a compared to 2D culture. In 3D tricultures with HSPCs, MSCs and KG-1a, imitating leukemic bone marrow, HSPC proliferation decreased while KG-1a cells remained unaffected post treatment. Non-invasive metabolic profiling enabled continuous monitoring of the system. Our results highlight the importance of using biomimetic 3D platforms with proper media exchange and co-cultures for creating in vivo-like conditions to enable in vitro drug testing. This system is a step towards drug testing in biomimetic, parallelized in vitro approaches, facilitating the discovery of new anti-leukemic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Zippel
- Institute of Cell Biology and Biophysics, Leibniz Universitat Hannover, Herrenhäuser Str. 2, Hannover, 30419, GERMANY
| | - Nadine Dilger
- Institute of Cell Biology and Biophysics, Leibniz University Hanover, Herrenhäuser Str. 2, Hannover, 30419, GERMANY
| | - Chandralekha Chatterjee
- Institute of Cell Biology and Biophysics, Leibniz Universitat Hannover, Herrenhäuser Str. 2, Hannover, 30419, GERMANY
| | - Annamarija Raic
- Institute of Cell Biology and Biophysics, Leibniz Universitat Hannover, Herrenhäuser Str. 2, Hannover, 30419, GERMANY
| | - Gerald Brenner-Weiß
- Institute of Functional Interfaces, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Baden-Württemberg, 76344, GERMANY
| | - Patrik Schadzek
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graded Implants and Regenerative Strategies, OE 8893, Laboratory for Biomechanics and Biomaterials, Hannover Medical School, Stadtfelddamm 34, Hannover, Niedersachsen, 30625, GERMANY
| | - Bastian E Rapp
- Department of Microsystems Engineering (IMTEK), Albert-Ludwigs-Universitat Freiburg, Georges-Köhler-Allee 103, Freiburg im Breisgau, Baden-Württemberg, 79110, GERMANY
| | - Cornelia Lee-Thedieck
- Institute of Cell Biology and Biophysics, Leibniz Universitat Hannover, Herrenhäuser Str. 2, Hannover, 30419, GERMANY
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Unnikrishnan K, Thomas LV, Ram Kumar RM. Advancement of Scaffold-Based 3D Cellular Models in Cancer Tissue Engineering: An Update. Front Oncol 2021; 11:733652. [PMID: 34760696 PMCID: PMC8573168 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.733652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The lack of traditional cancer treatments has resulted in an increased need for new clinical techniques. Standard two-dimensional (2D) models used to validate drug efficacy and screening have a low in vitro-in vivo translation potential. Recreating the in vivo tumor microenvironment at the three-dimensional (3D) level is essential to resolve these limitations in the 2D culture and improve therapy results. The physical and mechanical environments of 3D culture allow cancer cells to expand in a heterogeneous manner, adopt different phenotypes, gene and protein profiles, and develop metastatic potential and drug resistance similar to human tumors. The current application of 3D scaffold culture systems based on synthetic polymers or selected extracellular matrix components promotes signalling, survival, and cancer cell proliferation. This review will focus on the recent advancement of numerous 3D-based scaffold models for cancer tissue engineering, which will increase the predictive ability of preclinical studies and significantly improve clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kavitha Unnikrishnan
- Department of Cancer Research, Rajiv Gandhi Center for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram, India
| | - Lynda Velutheril Thomas
- Division of Tissue Engineering & Regenerative Technology, Sree Chitra Thirunal Institute of Medical Sciences and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram, India
| | - Ram Mohan Ram Kumar
- Department of Cancer Research, Rajiv Gandhi Center for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram, India
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Chramiec A, Vunjak-Novakovic G. Tissue engineered models of healthy and malignant human bone marrow. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2019; 140:78-92. [PMID: 31002835 PMCID: PMC6663611 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2019.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2018] [Revised: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 04/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Tissue engineering is becoming increasingly successful in providing in vitro models of human tissues that can be used for ex vivo recapitulation of functional tissues as well as predictive testing of drug efficacy and safety. From simple tissue models to microphysiological platforms comprising multiple tissue types connected by vascular perfusion, these "tissues on a chip" are emerging as a fast track application for tissue engineering, with great potential for modeling diseases and supporting the development of new drugs and therapeutic targets. We focus here on tissue engineering of the hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell compartment and the malignancies that can develop in the human bone marrow. Our overall goal is to demonstrate the utility and interconnectedness of improvements in bioengineering methods developed in one area of bone marrow studies for the remaining, seemingly disparate, bone marrow fields.
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Guo J, Zhao C, Yao R, Sui A, Sun L, Liu X, Wu S, Su Z, Li T, Liu S, Gao Y, Liu J, Feng X, Wang W, Zhao H, Cui Z, Li G, Meng F. 3D culture enhances chemoresistance of ALL Jurkat cell line by increasing DDR1 expression. Exp Ther Med 2019; 17:1593-1600. [PMID: 30783426 PMCID: PMC6364197 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2019.7153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Three dimensional (3D) culture has gradually become a research hotspot in the field of drug screening, stem cell research, and tissue engineering due to its more physiological-like morphology and function. In this study, we compared the differences of cell proliferation, population, protein expression and chemoresistance profiles between two dimensional (2D) and 3D culture of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) Jurkat cell line. Polycaprolactone (PCL) is used for 3D culture owing to its biochemical properties and compatibility. Culturing of ALL Jurkat cell line in collagen type I coated polycaprolactone scaffold for 168 h increased cell proliferation, attachment, as well as the drug resistance to cytarabine (Ara-C) and daunorubicin (DNR) without changing the original CD2+CD3+CD4+dimCD8−CD34−CD45+dim phenotype, compared to uncoated PCL scaffold and tissue culture plate systems. Molecularly, increased chemoresistance is associated with the upregulation of discoidin domain receptor 1 (DDR1) and transcription factor STAT3. Inhibition of DDR1 activity by DDR1-specific inhibitor DDR-IN-1 accelerated cell death in the presence of Ara-C, DNR or their combination. These results demonstrated that 3D culture enhances chemoresistance of ALL Jurkat cell line by increasing DDR1 expression. Importantly, the cell adhesion-mediated drug resistance induced by DDR1 in the scaffold was similar to the clinical situation, indicating the 3D culture of cancer cells recapitulate the in vivo tumor environment and this platform can be used as a promising pre-clinic drug-screen system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Guo
- College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, P.R. China.,Department of Hematology, People's Hospital of Rizhao, Rizhao, Shandong 276800, P.R. China
| | - Chunting Zhao
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266555, P.R. China
| | - Ruyong Yao
- Central Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266035, P.R. China
| | - Aihua Sui
- Central Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266035, P.R. China
| | - Lingjie Sun
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266555, P.R. China
| | - Xiaodan Liu
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266555, P.R. China
| | - Shaoling Wu
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266555, P.R. China
| | - Zhan Su
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266555, P.R. China
| | - Tianlan Li
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266555, P.R. China
| | - Shanshan Liu
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266555, P.R. China
| | - Yan Gao
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266555, P.R. China
| | - Jiaxiu Liu
- Central Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266035, P.R. China
| | - Xianqi Feng
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266555, P.R. China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266555, P.R. China
| | - Hongguo Zhao
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266555, P.R. China
| | - Zhongguang Cui
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266555, P.R. China
| | - Guanglun Li
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266555, P.R. China
| | - Fanjun Meng
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266555, P.R. China
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Abstract
Hematological malignancies manifest as lymphoma, leukemia, and myeloma, and remain a burden on society. From initial therapy to endless relapse-related treatment, societal burden is felt not only in the context of healthcare cost, but also in the compromised quality of life of patients. Long-term therapeutic strategies have become the standard in keeping hematological malignancies at bay as these cancers develop resistance to each round of therapy with time. As a result, there is a continual need for the development of new drugs to combat resistant disease in order to prolong patient life, if not to produce a cure. This review aims to summarize advances in targeting lymphoma, leukemia, and myeloma through both cutting-edge and well established platforms. Current standard of treatment will be reviewed for these malignancies and emphasis will be made on new therapy development in the areas of antibody engineering, epigenetic small molecule inhibiting drugs, vaccine development, and chimeric antigen receptor cell engineering. In addition, platforms for the delivery of these and other drugs will be reviewed including antibody-drug conjugates, micro- and nanoparticles, and multimodal hydrogels. Lastly, we propose that tissue engineered constructs for hematological malignancies are the missing link in targeted drug discovery alongside mouse and patient-derived xenograft models.
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