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Karampuri A, Kundur S, Perugu S. Exploratory drug discovery in breast cancer patients: A multimodal deep learning approach to identify novel drug candidates targeting RTK signaling. Comput Biol Med 2024; 174:108433. [PMID: 38642491 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2024.108433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024]
Abstract
Breast cancer, a highly formidable and diverse malignancy predominantly affecting women globally, poses a significant threat due to its intricate genetic variability, rendering it challenging to diagnose accurately. Various therapies such as immunotherapy, radiotherapy, and diverse chemotherapy approaches like drug repurposing and combination therapy are widely used depending on cancer subtype and metastasis severity. Our study revolves around an innovative drug discovery strategy targeting potential drug candidates specific to RTK signalling, a prominently targeted receptor class in cancer. To accomplish this, we have developed a multimodal deep neural network (MM-DNN) based QSAR model integrating omics datasets to elucidate genomic, proteomic expression data, and drug responses, validated rigorously. The results showcase an R2 value of 0.917 and an RMSE value of 0.312, affirming the model's commendable predictive capabilities. Structural analogs of drug molecules specific to RTK signalling were sourced from the PubChem database, followed by meticulous screening to eliminate dissimilar compounds. Leveraging the MM-DNN-based QSAR model, we predicted the biological activity of these molecules, subsequently clustering them into three distinct groups. Feature importance analysis was performed. Consequently, we successfully identified prime drug candidates tailored for each potential downstream regulatory protein within the RTK signalling pathway. This method makes the early stages of drug development faster by removing inactive compounds, providing a hopeful path in combating breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anush Karampuri
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology, Warangal, 500604, India
| | - Sunitha Kundur
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology, Warangal, 500604, India
| | - Shyam Perugu
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology, Warangal, 500604, India.
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2
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Giulietti M, Piva F, Cecati M, Maggio S, Guescini M, Saladino T, Scortichini L, Crocetti S, Caramanti M, Battelli N, Romagnoli E. Effects of Eribulin on the RNA Content of Extracellular Vesicles Released by Metastatic Breast Cancer Cells. Cells 2024; 13:479. [PMID: 38534323 DOI: 10.3390/cells13060479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are small lipid particles secreted by almost all human cells into the extracellular space. They perform the essential function of cell-to-cell communication, and their role in promoting breast cancer progression has been well demonstrated. It is known that EVs released by triple-negative and highly aggressive MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells treated with paclitaxel, a microtubule-targeting agent (MTA), promoted chemoresistance in EV-recipient cells. Here, we studied the RNA content of EVs produced by the same MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells treated with another MTA, eribulin mesylate. In particular, we analyzed the expression of different RNA species, including mRNAs, lncRNAs, miRNAs, snoRNAs, piRNAs and tRNA fragments by RNA-seq. Then, we performed differential expression analysis, weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), functional enrichment analysis, and miRNA-target identification. Our findings demonstrate the possible involvement of EVs from eribulin-treated cells in the spread of chemoresistance, prompting the design of strategies that selectively target tumor EVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Giulietti
- Department of Specialistic Clinical and Odontostomatological Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - Francesco Piva
- Department of Specialistic Clinical and Odontostomatological Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - Monia Cecati
- Department of Specialistic Clinical and Odontostomatological Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - Serena Maggio
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, 61029 Urbino, Italy
| | - Michele Guescini
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, 61029 Urbino, Italy
| | - Tiziana Saladino
- Oncology Unit AST3, Macerata Hospital, Via Santa Lucia 2, 62100 Macerata, Italy
| | - Laura Scortichini
- Oncology Unit AST3, Macerata Hospital, Via Santa Lucia 2, 62100 Macerata, Italy
| | - Sonia Crocetti
- Oncology Unit AST3, Macerata Hospital, Via Santa Lucia 2, 62100 Macerata, Italy
| | - Miriam Caramanti
- Oncology Unit AST3, Macerata Hospital, Via Santa Lucia 2, 62100 Macerata, Italy
| | - Nicola Battelli
- Oncology Unit AST3, Macerata Hospital, Via Santa Lucia 2, 62100 Macerata, Italy
| | - Emanuela Romagnoli
- Oncology Unit AST3, Macerata Hospital, Via Santa Lucia 2, 62100 Macerata, Italy
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3
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Shi G, Li X, Wang W, Hou L, Yin L, Wang L. Allicin Overcomes Doxorubicin Resistance of Breast Cancer Cells by Targeting the Nrf2 Pathway. Cell Biochem Biophys 2024:10.1007/s12013-024-01215-x. [PMID: 38411783 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-024-01215-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is a lethal disorder that threatens the life safety of the majority of females globally, with rising morbidity and mortality year by year. Doxorubicin is a cytotoxic anthracycline antibiotic that is widely used as one of the first-line chemotherapy agents for patients with BC. However, the efficacy of doxorubicin in the clinic is largely limited by its serious side effects and acquired drug resistance. Allicin (diallyl thiosulfinate), as the major component and key active compound present in freshly crushed garlic, has shown potential effects in suppressing chemotherapy resistance in various cancers. Our research aimed to explore the relationship between allicin and doxorubicin resistance in BC. To generate doxorubicin-resistant BC cell lines (MCF-7/DOX and MDA-MB-231/DOX), doxorubicin-sensitive parental cell lines MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 were continuously exposed to stepwise increased concentrations of doxorubicin over a period of 6 months. CCK-8, colony formation, flow cytometry, RT-qPCR, and western blotting assays were performed to investigate the effects of allicin and/or doxorubicin treatment on the viability, proliferation and apoptosis and the expression of Nrf2, HO-1, phosphate AKT and AKT in doxorubicin-resistant BC cells. Our results showed that combined treatment of allicin with doxorubicin exhibited better effects on inhibiting the proliferation and enhancing the apoptosis of doxorubicin-resistant BC cells than treatment with allicin or doxorubicin alone. Mechanistically, allicin suppressed the levels of Nrf2, HO-1, and phosphate AKT in doxorubicin-resistant BC cells. Collectively, allicin improves the doxorubicin sensitivity of BC cells by inactivating the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guojian Shi
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Suzhou Wuzhong People's Hospital, Suzhou, 215128, China
| | - Xiaohua Li
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Suzhou Wuzhong People's Hospital, Suzhou, 215128, China
| | - Weiping Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Kunshan Second People's Hospital, Suzhou, 215300, China
| | - Lili Hou
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Suzhou Wuzhong People's Hospital, Suzhou, 215128, China
| | - Lei Yin
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Suzhou Wuzhong People's Hospital, Suzhou, 215128, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Oncology, Kunshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Suzhou, 215300, China.
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Yahya SMM, Nabih HK, Elsayed GH, Mohamed SIA, Elfiky AM, Salem SM. Restoring microRNA-34a overcomes acquired drug resistance and disease progression in human breast cancer cell lines via suppressing the ABCC1 gene. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2024; 204:133-149. [PMID: 38057687 PMCID: PMC10806220 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-023-07170-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Breast cancer is one of the leading types of cancer diagnosed in women. Despite the improvements in chemotherapeutic cure strategies, drug resistance is still an obstacle leading to disease aggressiveness. The small non-coding RNA molecules, miRNAs, have been implicated recently to be involved as regulators of gene expression through the silencing of mRNA targets that contributed to several cellular processes related to cancer metastasis. Hence, the present study aimed to investigate the beneficial role and mechanism of miRNA-34a-based gene therapy as a novel approach for conquering drug resistance mediated by ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters in breast cancer cells, besides exploring the associated invasive behaviors. MATERIAL AND METHODS Bioinformatics tools were used to predict miRNA ABC transporter targets by tracking the ABC transporter pathway. After the establishment of drug-resistant breast cancer MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 sublines, cells were transfected with the mimic or inhibitor of miRNA-34a-5p. The quantitative expression of genes involved in drug resistance was performed by QRT-PCR, and the exact ABC transporter target specification interaction was confirmed by dual-luciferase reporter assay. Furthermore, flow cytometric analysis was utilized to determine the ability of miRNA-34a-treated cells against doxorubicin uptake and accumulation in cell cycle phases. The spreading capability was examined by colony formation, migration, and wound healing assays. The apoptotic activity was estimated as well. RESULTS Our findings firstly discovered the mechanism of miRNA-34a-5p restoration as an anti-drug-resistant molecule that highly significantly attenuates the expression of ABCC1 via the direct targeting of its 3'- untranslated regions in resistant breast cancer cell lines, with a significant increase of doxorubicin influx by MDA-MB-231/Dox-resistant cells. Additionally, the current data validated a significant reduction of metastatic potentials upon miRNA-34a-5p upregulation in both types of breast cancer-resistant cells. CONCLUSION The ectopic expression of miRNA-34a ameliorates the acquired drug resistance and the migration properties that may eventually lead to improved clinical strategies and outcomes for breast cancer patients. Additionally, miRNA-34a could be monitored as a diagnostic/prognostic biomarker for resistant conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaymaa M M Yahya
- Hormones Department, Medicine and Clinical Studies Research Institute, and Stem Cell Lab, Centre of Excellence for Advanced Sciences, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth St., Dokki, P.O. 12622, Giza, Egypt
| | - Heba K Nabih
- Medical Biochemistry Department, Medicine and Clinical Studies Research Institute, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth St., Dokki, P.O. 12622, Giza, Egypt.
| | - Ghada H Elsayed
- Hormones Department, Medicine and Clinical Studies Research Institute, and Stem Cell Lab, Centre of Excellence for Advanced Sciences, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth St., Dokki, P.O. 12622, Giza, Egypt
| | | | - Asmaa M Elfiky
- Environmental and Occupational Medicine Department, Environmental and Climate Change Research Institute, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth St., Dokki, P.O. 12622, Giza, Egypt
| | - Sohair M Salem
- Molecular Genetics and Enzymology Department, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth St., Dokki, P.O. 12622, Giza, Egypt
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5
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Seyhan AA. Trials and Tribulations of MicroRNA Therapeutics. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1469. [PMID: 38338746 PMCID: PMC10855871 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The discovery of the link between microRNAs (miRNAs) and a myriad of human diseases, particularly various cancer types, has generated significant interest in exploring their potential as a novel class of drugs. This has led to substantial investments in interdisciplinary research fields such as biology, chemistry, and medical science for the development of miRNA-based therapies. Furthermore, the recent global success of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines against the COVID-19 pandemic has further revitalized interest in RNA-based immunotherapies, including miRNA-based approaches to cancer treatment. Consequently, RNA therapeutics have emerged as highly adaptable and modular options for cancer therapy. Moreover, advancements in RNA chemistry and delivery methods have been pivotal in shaping the landscape of RNA-based immunotherapy, including miRNA-based approaches. Consequently, the biotechnology and pharmaceutical industry has witnessed a resurgence of interest in incorporating RNA-based immunotherapies and miRNA therapeutics into their development programs. Despite substantial progress in preclinical research, the field of miRNA-based therapeutics remains in its early stages, with only a few progressing to clinical development, none reaching phase III clinical trials or being approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA), and several facing termination due to toxicity issues. These setbacks highlight existing challenges that must be addressed for the broad clinical application of miRNA-based therapeutics. Key challenges include establishing miRNA sensitivity, specificity, and selectivity towards their intended targets, mitigating immunogenic reactions and off-target effects, developing enhanced methods for targeted delivery, and determining optimal dosing for therapeutic efficacy while minimizing side effects. Additionally, the limited understanding of the precise functions of miRNAs limits their clinical utilization. Moreover, for miRNAs to be viable for cancer treatment, they must be technically and economically feasible for the widespread adoption of RNA therapies. As a result, a thorough risk evaluation of miRNA therapeutics is crucial to minimize off-target effects, prevent overdosing, and address various other issues. Nevertheless, the therapeutic potential of miRNAs for various diseases is evident, and future investigations are essential to determine their applicability in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Attila A. Seyhan
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology and Experimental Cancer Therapeutics, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA;
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
- Joint Program in Cancer Biology, Lifespan Health System and Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
- Legorreta Cancer Center, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
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Rezaei Z, Dastjerdi K, Allahyari A, ShahidSales S, Talebian S, Maharati A, Zangooie A, Zangouei AS, Sadri F, Sargazi S. Plasma microRNA-195, -34c, and - 1246 as novel biomarkers for the diagnosis of trastuzumab-resistant HER2-positive breast cancer patients. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2023; 475:116652. [PMID: 37557922 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2023.116652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
Recently, miRNAs have been regarded as potential candidates for mediating therapeutic functions by targeting genes related to drug response. In this study, we suggested that plasma miRNAs may be correlated with response to trastuzumab in HER2-positive breast cancer patients. To determine whether miR-195, miR-23b-3p, miR-1246, and miR-34c-3p are involved in trastuzumab resistance, we screened their expressions in the BT-474 cell line, which was followed by plasma analysis from 20 trastuzumab-resistant HER2-positive breast cancer patients and 20 nonresistance subjects. Then, TargetScan, Pictar, and miRDB were applied to find the possible targets of the selected miRNAs. In addition, the expression status of admitted targets was evaluated. Our results showed that in resistant BT-474 cells, miR-1246, and miR-23b-3p were significantly upregulated, and miR-195-5p and miR-34c-3p were downregulated. In plasma analysis, we found miR-195-5p, miR-34c-3p, and miR-1246 meaningfully diminished in the resistant group, while the expression of miR-23b-3p was not statistically different. The expression levels of confirmed targets by qRT-PCR showed that the expression of RAF1, AKT3, c-MET, CCND1, PHLPP2, MYB, MAP2K1, and PTEN was significantly upregulated, while the expression of CCNG2 was significantly downregulated. The networks of miRNAs with their confirmed targets improved comprehension of miRNA-mediated therapeutic responses to trastuzumab and might be proposed for more characterization of miRNA functions. Moreover, these data indicated that miR-195-5p, miR-34c-3p, and miR-1246 could be possible biomarkers for prognosis and early detection of the trastuzumab-resistant group from the sensitive group of HER2-positive breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zohreh Rezaei
- Department of Biology, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran; Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjnad, Iran
| | - Kazem Dastjerdi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran; Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjnad, Iran.
| | - Abolghasem Allahyari
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Sahar Talebian
- Cancer Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amirhosein Maharati
- Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Alireza Zangooie
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjnad, Iran; Student Research Committee, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Amir Sadra Zangouei
- Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Farzad Sadri
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjnad, Iran; Student Research Committee, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Saman Sargazi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran; Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Resistant Tuberculosis Institute, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
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7
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Apollonova V, Plevako D, Garanin A, Sidina E, Zabegina L, Knyazeva M, Smirnova V, Artemyeva A, Krivorotko P, Malek A. Resistance of breast cancer cells to paclitaxel is associated with low expressions of miRNA-186 and miRNA-7. CANCER DRUG RESISTANCE (ALHAMBRA, CALIF.) 2023; 6:596-610. [PMID: 37842231 PMCID: PMC10571055 DOI: 10.20517/cdr.2023.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Aim: Neo-adjuvant chemotherapy is a common approach for the complex treatment of breast cancer (BC) and paclitaxel (PTX) is frequently included in the therapeutic regimen. However, the effect of PTX-based treatment is hard to predict precisely based on routinely used markers. As microRNAs are considered a new promising class of biomarkers, the link between miRNA expression and PTX resistance of BC cells needs to be well investigated. This study aimed at the identification of miRNAs associated with responses of BC cells to PTX. Methods: Intrinsic PTX sensitivity and miRNA profiling were assayed in five BC cell lines to identify candidate miRNAs. Selected miRNA (n. 15) expressions were analyzed by real-time-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) in BC tissue samples (n. 31) obtained from a diagnostic biopsy. Results were analyzed in the context of the effect of two cycles of PTX and the effect of the completed scheme of neoadjuvant therapy. The study's design facilitated the evaluation of the effect of PTX on cells and the identification of features of the microRNA expression profiles associated exclusively with sensitivity to this drug. Results: miR-186 and miR-7 expression in BC tissues was higher in patients with better outcomes of PTX-based neoadjuvant therapy. Conclusion: High expressions of miR-186 and miR-7 are associated with good response to PTX, whereas their low expressions may be associated with resistance to PTX in BC, indicating the possibility of developing innovative test systems for the prediction of the PTX response, which can be used before the start of neo-adjuvant chemotherapy for BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera Apollonova
- Breast Surgical Oncology, N.N. Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology, St. Petersburg 197758, Russia
- Authors contributed equally
| | - Daniil Plevako
- Subcellular Technology Lab, N.N. Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology, St. Petersburg 197758, Russia
- Authors contributed equally
| | - Alexandr Garanin
- Subcellular Technology Lab, N.N. Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology, St. Petersburg 197758, Russia
| | - Elena Sidina
- Subcellular Technology Lab, N.N. Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology, St. Petersburg 197758, Russia
| | - Lidia Zabegina
- Subcellular Technology Lab, N.N. Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology, St. Petersburg 197758, Russia
| | - Margarita Knyazeva
- Subcellular Technology Lab, N.N. Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology, St. Petersburg 197758, Russia
| | - Viktoria Smirnova
- Department of Pathology, N.N. Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology, St. Petersburg 197758, Russia
| | - Anna Artemyeva
- Department of Pathology, N.N. Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology, St. Petersburg 197758, Russia
| | - Petr Krivorotko
- Breast Surgical Oncology, N.N. Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology, St. Petersburg 197758, Russia
| | - Anastasia Malek
- Subcellular Technology Lab, N.N. Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology, St. Petersburg 197758, Russia
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8
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Seyhan AA. Circulating microRNAs as Potential Biomarkers in Pancreatic Cancer-Advances and Challenges. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13340. [PMID: 37686149 PMCID: PMC10488102 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
There is an urgent unmet need for robust and reliable biomarkers for early diagnosis, prognosis, and prediction of response to specific treatments of many aggressive and deadly cancers, such as pancreatic cancer, and liquid biopsy-based miRNA profiling has the potential for this. MiRNAs are a subset of non-coding RNAs that regulate the expression of a multitude of genes post-transcriptionally and thus are potential diagnostic, prognostic, and predictive biomarkers and have also emerged as potential therapeutics. Because miRNAs are involved in the post-transcriptional regulation of their target mRNAs via repressing gene expression, defects in miRNA biogenesis pathway and miRNA expression perturb the expression of a multitude of oncogenic or tumor-suppressive genes that are involved in the pathogenesis of various cancers. As such, numerous miRNAs have been identified to be downregulated or upregulated in many cancers, functioning as either oncomes or oncosuppressor miRs. Moreover, dysregulation of miRNA biogenesis pathways can also change miRNA expression and function in cancer. Profiling of dysregulated miRNAs in pancreatic cancer has been shown to correlate with disease diagnosis, indicate optimal treatment options and predict response to a specific therapy. Specific miRNA signatures can track the stages of pancreatic cancer and hold potential as diagnostic, prognostic, and predictive markers, as well as therapeutics such as miRNA mimics and miRNA inhibitors (antagomirs). Furthermore, identified specific miRNAs and genes they regulate in pancreatic cancer along with downstream pathways can be used as potential therapeutic targets. However, a limited understanding and validation of the specific roles of miRNAs, lack of tissue specificity, methodological, technical, or analytical reproducibility, harmonization of miRNA isolation and quantification methods, the use of standard operating procedures, and the availability of automated and standardized assays to improve reproducibility between independent studies limit bench-to-bedside translation of the miRNA biomarkers for clinical applications. Here I review recent findings on miRNAs in pancreatic cancer pathogenesis and their potential as diagnostic, prognostic, and predictive markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Attila A. Seyhan
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology and Experimental Cancer Therapeutics, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA;
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
- Joint Program in Cancer Biology, Lifespan Health System and Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
- Legorreta Cancer Center, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
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9
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Gilyazova I, Asadullina D, Kagirova E, Sikka R, Mustafin A, Ivanova E, Bakhtiyarova K, Gilyazova G, Gupta S, Khusnutdinova E, Gupta H, Pavlov V. MiRNA-146a-A Key Player in Immunity and Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12767. [PMID: 37628949 PMCID: PMC10454149 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241612767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
miRNA-146a, a single-stranded, non-coding RNA molecule, has emerged as a valuable diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for numerous pathological conditions. Its primary function lies in regulating inflammatory processes, haemopoiesis, allergic responses, and other key aspects of the innate immune system. Several studies have indicated that polymorphisms in miRNA-146a can influence the pathogenesis of various human diseases, including autoimmune disorders and cancer. One of the key mechanisms by which miRNA-146a exerts its effects is by controlling the expression of certain proteins involved in critical pathways. It can modulate the activity of interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase, IRAK1, IRAK2 adaptor proteins, and tumour necrosis factor (TNF) targeting protein receptor 6, which is a regulator of the TNF signalling pathway. In addition, miRNA-146a affects gene expression through multiple signalling pathways, such as TNF, NF-κB and MEK-1/2, and JNK-1/2. Studies have been carried out to determine the effect of miRNA-146a on cancer pathogenesis, revealing its involvement in the synthesis of stem cells, which contributes to tumourigenesis. In this review, we focus on recent discoveries that highlight the significant role played by miRNA-146a in regulating various defence mechanisms and oncogenesis. The aim of this review article is to systematically examine miRNA-146a's impact on the control of signalling pathways involved in oncopathology, immune system development, and the corresponding response to therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Gilyazova
- Subdivision of the Ufa Federal Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics, 450054 Ufa, Russia (E.K.)
| | - Dilara Asadullina
- Institute of Urology and Clinical Oncology, Department of Medical Genetics and Fundamental Medicine, Bashkir State Medical University, 450008 Ufa, Russia (A.M.); (G.G.)
| | - Evelina Kagirova
- Institute of Urology and Clinical Oncology, Department of Medical Genetics and Fundamental Medicine, Bashkir State Medical University, 450008 Ufa, Russia (A.M.); (G.G.)
| | - Ruhi Sikka
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Applied Sciences and Humanities, GLA University, Mathura 281406, India
| | - Artur Mustafin
- Institute of Urology and Clinical Oncology, Department of Medical Genetics and Fundamental Medicine, Bashkir State Medical University, 450008 Ufa, Russia (A.M.); (G.G.)
| | - Elizaveta Ivanova
- Subdivision of the Ufa Federal Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics, 450054 Ufa, Russia (E.K.)
| | - Ksenia Bakhtiyarova
- Institute of Urology and Clinical Oncology, Department of Medical Genetics and Fundamental Medicine, Bashkir State Medical University, 450008 Ufa, Russia (A.M.); (G.G.)
| | - Gulshat Gilyazova
- Institute of Urology and Clinical Oncology, Department of Medical Genetics and Fundamental Medicine, Bashkir State Medical University, 450008 Ufa, Russia (A.M.); (G.G.)
| | - Saurabh Gupta
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Applied Sciences and Humanities, GLA University, Mathura 281406, India
| | - Elza Khusnutdinova
- Subdivision of the Ufa Federal Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics, 450054 Ufa, Russia (E.K.)
- Institute of Urology and Clinical Oncology, Department of Medical Genetics and Fundamental Medicine, Bashkir State Medical University, 450008 Ufa, Russia (A.M.); (G.G.)
| | - Himanshu Gupta
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Applied Sciences and Humanities, GLA University, Mathura 281406, India
| | - Valentin Pavlov
- Institute of Urology and Clinical Oncology, Department of Medical Genetics and Fundamental Medicine, Bashkir State Medical University, 450008 Ufa, Russia (A.M.); (G.G.)
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10
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Patellongi I, Amiruddin A, Massi MN, Islam AA, Pratama MY, Sutandyo N, Latar NH, Faruk M. Circulating miR-221/222 expression as microRNA biomarker predicting tamoxifen treatment outcome: a case-control study. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2023; 85:3806-3815. [PMID: 37554919 PMCID: PMC10406100 DOI: 10.1097/ms9.0000000000001061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED The high mortality rate in breast cancer (BC) patients is generally due to metastases resistant to systemic therapy. Two causes of systemic therapy resistance in BC patients are circulating miRNAs-221 and miR-222, leading to improved BC cell proliferation, survival, and reduced cell apoptosis. This study investigated the miRNA expression changes associated with cancer cell resistance to tamoxifen therapy and is expected to be clinically meaningful before providing endocrine therapy to luminal-type BC patients who express them. METHODS This case-control research included individuals with the luminal subtype of BC who had received tamoxifen medication for around one year. Furthermore, the case group contained 15 individuals with local recurrence or metastases, while the control group comprised 19 patients without local recurrence or metastases. Plasma miR-221/222 quantification was performed with real-time PCR using transcript-specific primers. RESULTS A significant difference was found in circulating miR-221 expression between cases and controls (P=0.005) but not in miR-222 expression (P=0.070). There were no significant differences between miR-221/222 expression, progesterone receptor, Ki67 protein levels, lymphovascular invasion, and stage. However, receiver operator characteristic curve analyses showed miR-221/222 expressions predictive of tamoxifen resistance (P=0.030) with a sensitivity of 60.00 and a specificity of 83.33%. CONCLUSION The use of circulating miR-221/222 expression can predict relapse as well as resistance to tamoxifen treatment in BC patients, and their testing is recommended for luminal subtype BC patients who will undergo tamoxifen therapy to determine their risk of tamoxifen resistance early, increasing treatment effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Noorwati Sutandyo
- Department of Medical Hematology-Oncology, Dharmais Hospital National Cancer Center, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Nani H.M. Latar
- Endocrine and Breast Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Center, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Faruk
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Hasanuddin, Makassar
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11
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Mohd Yunus SS, Soh HY, Abdul Rahman M, Peng X, Guo C, Ramli R. MicroRNA in medication related osteonecrosis of the jaw: a review. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1021429. [PMID: 37179831 PMCID: PMC10169589 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1021429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Medication related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) is a condition caused by inhibition of the osteoclast activity by the anti-resorptive and anti-angiogenic drugs. Clinically, there is an exposure of the necrotic bone or a fistula which fails to heal for more than 8 weeks. The adjacent soft tissue is inflamed and pus may be present as a result of the secondary infection. To date, there is no consistent biomarker that could aid in the diagnosis of the disease. The aim of this review was to explore the literature on the microRNAs (miRNAs) related to medication related osteonecrosis of the jaw, and to describe the role of each miRNA as a biomarker for diagnostic purpose and others. Its role in therapeutics was also searched. It was shown that miR-21, miR-23a, and miR-145 were significantly different in a study involving multiple myeloma patients as well as in a human-animal study while miR-23a-3p and miR-23b-3p were 12- to 14-fold upregulated compared to the control group in an animal study. The role of the microRNAs in these studies were for diagnostics, predictor of progress of MRONJ and pathogenesis. Apart from its potential diagnostics role, microRNAs have been shown to be bone resorption regulator through miR-21, miR-23a and miR-145 and this could be utilized therapeutically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siti Salmiah Mohd Yunus
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Hui Yuh Soh
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mariati Abdul Rahman
- Department of Craniofacial Diagnostics and Biosciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Xin Peng
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Chuanbin Guo
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Roszalina Ramli
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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12
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Shinde SS, Ahmed S, Malik JA, Hani U, Khanam A, Ashraf Bhat F, Ahmad Mir S, Ghazwani M, Wahab S, Haider N, Almehizia AA. Therapeutic Delivery of Tumor Suppressor miRNAs for Breast Cancer Treatment. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:biology12030467. [PMID: 36979159 PMCID: PMC10045434 DOI: 10.3390/biology12030467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
The death rate from breast cancer (BC) has dropped due to early detection and sophisticated therapeutic options, yet drug resistance and relapse remain barriers to effective, systematic treatment. Multiple mechanisms underlying miRNAs appear crucial in practically every aspect of cancer progression, including carcinogenesis, metastasis, and drug resistance, as evidenced by the elucidation of drug resistance. Non-coding RNAs called microRNAs (miRNAs) attach to complementary messenger RNAs and degrade them to inhibit the expression and translation to proteins. Evidence suggests that miRNAs play a vital role in developing numerous diseases, including cancer. They affect genes critical for cellular differentiation, proliferation, apoptosis, and metabolism. Recently studies have demonstrated that miRNAs serve as valuable biomarkers for BC. The contrast in the expression of miRNAs in normal tissue cells and tumors suggest that miRNAs are involved in breast cancer. The important aspect behind cancer etiology is the deregulation of miRNAs that can specifically influence cellular physiology. The main objective of this review is to emphasize the role and therapeutic capacity of tumor suppressor miRNAs in BC and the advancement in the delivery system that can deliver miRNAs specifically to cancerous cells. Various approaches are used to deliver these miRNAs to the cancer cells with the help of carrier molecules, like nanoparticles, poly D, L-lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) particles, PEI polymers, modified extracellular vesicles, dendrimers, and liposomes. Additionally, we discuss advanced strategies of TS miRNA delivery techniques such as viral delivery, self-assembled RNA-triple-helix hydrogel drug delivery systems, and hyaluronic acid/protamine sulfate inter-polyelectrolyte complexes. Subsequently, we discuss challenges and prospects on TS miRNA therapeutic delivery in BC management so that miRNAs will become a routine technique in developing individualized patient profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonali S Shinde
- Department of Chemical Technology, Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada University, Aurangabad 431004, India
| | - Sakeel Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Ahmedabad 382355, India
| | - Jonaid Ahmad Malik
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Guwahati 781101, India
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Rupnagar 140001, India
| | - Umme Hani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia
| | - Afreen Khanam
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | | | - Suhail Ahmad Mir
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kashmir, Jammu and Kashmir, Hazratbal, Srinagar 190006, India
| | - Mohammed Ghazwani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shadma Wahab
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nazima Haider
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrahman A Almehizia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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13
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Zhao S, Pan T, Deng J, Cao L, Vicencio JM, Liu J, Zhou G, Ng T, Zhang J. Exosomal transfer of miR-181b-5p confers senescence-mediated doxorubicin resistance via modulating BCLAF1 in breast cancer. Br J Cancer 2023; 128:665-677. [PMID: 36522479 PMCID: PMC9938221 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-022-02077-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Doxorubicin resistance represents a major clinical challenge for treating patients with advanced breast cancer (BC). Exosomes, exchanging genetic cargo between heterogeneous populations of tumour cells, have been proposed to mediate drug resistance and cancer progression in other cancer types. However, their specific role in mediating doxorubicin resistance in BC remains unclear. Here, we demonstrate the important role of exosomal miR-181b-5p (exo-miR-181b-5p) in mediating doxorubicin resistance. METHODS Small-RNA sequencing and bioinformatic analyses were used to screen miRNAs mediating doxorubicin resistance in BC, which were further verified by RT-qPCR. SA-β-gal staining assays allowed us to measure cellular senescence. Exosomes from patients' serum before and after neoadjuvant chemotherapy were isolated for exo-miR-181b-5p quantification. RESULTS Doxorubicin-resistant BC cell lines exhibited upregulated exosomal miR-181b-5p. Addition of exo-miR-181b-5p actively fused with recipient cells and transferred a drug-resistant phenotype. Overexpression of miR-181b-5p downregulated p53/p21 levels and inhibited doxorubicin-induced G1 arrest and senescence by suppressing BCLAF1 expression in vitro. Further, in vivo experiments showed treatment of exo-miR-181b-5p inhibitors exhibited superior tumour control and reversed the doxorubicin-resistance phenotype, accompanied with increased tumoral BCLAF1. CONCLUSION Our data suggests exo-miR-181b-5p as a prognostic biomarker and a therapeutic potential for exo-miR-181b-5p inhibitors in the treatment of doxorubicin-resistant BC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaorong Zhao
- The 3rd Department of Breast Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, China
| | - Teng Pan
- The 3rd Department of Breast Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, China
| | - Jinhai Deng
- Richard Dimbleby Laboratory of Cancer Research, School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Lixia Cao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Neurovascular Regulation, Medical College of Nankai University, 300071, Tianjin, China
| | - Jose M Vicencio
- Richard Dimbleby Laboratory of Cancer Research, School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
- Cancer Institute, Paul O'Gorman Building, University College London, London, UK
| | - Jingjing Liu
- The 3rd Department of Breast Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, China
| | - Guanglin Zhou
- The 3rd Department of Breast Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, China
| | - Tony Ng
- Richard Dimbleby Laboratory of Cancer Research, School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
- Cancer Institute, Paul O'Gorman Building, University College London, London, UK
- Cancer Research UK City of London Centre, London, England
| | - Jin Zhang
- The 3rd Department of Breast Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, China.
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14
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Raman D, Cimpean AM, De Miglio MR. Editorial: Drug resistance in breast cancer - mechanisms and approaches to overcome chemoresistance. Front Oncol 2023; 12:1080684. [PMID: 36686836 PMCID: PMC9847496 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1080684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Dayanidhi Raman
- Department of Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Toledo, Toledo OH, United States,*Correspondence: Dayanidhi Raman, ; Anca Maria Cimpean, ; ; Maria Rosaria De Miglio,
| | - Anca Maria Cimpean
- Department of Microscopic Morphology/Histology, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania,Angiogenesis Research Center Timisoara, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania,Center of Expertise for Rare Vascular Disease in Children, Emergency Hospital for Children Louis Turcanu, Timisoara, Romania,*Correspondence: Dayanidhi Raman, ; Anca Maria Cimpean, ; ; Maria Rosaria De Miglio,
| | - Maria Rosaria De Miglio
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy,*Correspondence: Dayanidhi Raman, ; Anca Maria Cimpean, ; ; Maria Rosaria De Miglio,
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15
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Xuan C, Yang E, Zhao S, Xu J, Li P, Zhang Y, Jiang Z, Ding X. Regulation of LncRNAs and microRNAs in neuronal development and disease. PeerJ 2023; 11:e15197. [PMID: 37038472 PMCID: PMC10082570 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.15197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are RNAs that do not encode proteins but play important roles in regulating cellular processes. Multiple studies over the past decade have demonstrated the role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in cancer, in which some miRNAs can act as biomarkers or provide therapy target. Accumulating evidence also points to the importance of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in regulating miRNA-mRNA networks. An increasing number of ncRNAs have been shown to be involved in the regulation of cellular processes, and dysregulation of ncRNAs often heralds disease. As the population ages, the incidence of neurodegenerative diseases is increasing, placing enormous pressure on global health systems. Given the excellent performance of ncRNAs in early cancer screening and treatment, here we attempted to aggregate and analyze the regulatory functions of ncRNAs in neuronal development and disease. In this review, we summarize current knowledge on ncRNA taxonomy, biogenesis, and function, and discuss current research progress on ncRNAs in relation to neuronal development, differentiation, and neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Xuan
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Enyu Yang
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Shuo Zhao
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Juan Xu
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Peihang Li
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yaping Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Zhejiang Xiaoshan Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Zhenggang Jiang
- Department of Science Research and Information Management, Zhejiang Provincial Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xianfeng Ding
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
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16
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Zhu M, Xiang H, Peng Z, Ma Z, Shen J, Wang T, Chen L, Cao D, Gu S, Wang M, Cao J. Silencing the expression of lncRNA SNHG15 may be a novel therapeutic approach in human breast cancer through regulating miR-345-5p. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2022; 10:1173. [PMID: 36467335 PMCID: PMC9708471 DOI: 10.21037/atm-22-5275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) short nucleolar RNA host gene 15 (SNHG15) has been found to have an oncogenic function in numerous malignancies. Nevertheless, the biological function and regulatory mechanisms of SNHG15 in breast cancer have not been fully elucidated. METHODS Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to detect the expression of SNHG15 and in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. The expression of SNHG15 was silenced using small interfering RNA (siRNA) technology. The proliferation and migration of the cells were examined by colony formation assays, cell counting kit 8 (CCK-8) assays, and transwell assays. For the zebrafish xenograft injection experiments, cultured cells labelled with the fluorescent dye CM-DiI were injected into the perivitelline space of the larvae. RESULTS This present study revealed that the expression of lncRNA SNHG15 (lnc-SNHG15) was significantly upregulated in breast cancer cells, and its overexpression was associated with the tumor. The relative expression of lnc-SNHG15 could be downregulated using siRNAs, and silencing lnc-SNHG15 inhibited the proliferation and the migration of MDA-MB-231 cells. In vivo experiments using the zebrafish xenograft model showed similar results. Mechanistically, the knockdown effect of lnc-SNHG15 could be restored by inhibiting the expression of the miR-345-5p, confirming the negative regulation between lnc-SNHG15 and miR-345-5p. Interestingly, cisplatin treatment combined with SNHG15 knockdown effectively inhibited MDA-MB-231 cell proliferation and migration in the zebrafish xenograft compared to negative controls. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, lnc-SNHG15 knockdown increased miR-345-5p expression and negated cisplatin resistance in breast cancer cells, and thus, lnc-SNHG15 may be a potential novel target for breast cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minshu Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
- Key Laboratory of Minimally Invasive Techniques & Rapid Rehabilitation of Digestive System Tumor of Zhejiang Province, Linhai, China
| | - Haifei Xiang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
- Key Laboratory of Minimally Invasive Techniques & Rapid Rehabilitation of Digestive System Tumor of Zhejiang Province, Linhai, China
| | - Zheng Peng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
| | - Zhaosheng Ma
- Key Laboratory of Minimally Invasive Techniques & Rapid Rehabilitation of Digestive System Tumor of Zhejiang Province, Linhai, China
| | - Jianfei Shen
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
| | - Tingting Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
| | - Lingyang Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
| | - Donghang Cao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
| | - Shanye Gu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
| | - Mingcang Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
- Key Laboratory of Minimally Invasive Techniques & Rapid Rehabilitation of Digestive System Tumor of Zhejiang Province, Linhai, China
| | - Jianbin Cao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
- Key Laboratory of Minimally Invasive Techniques & Rapid Rehabilitation of Digestive System Tumor of Zhejiang Province, Linhai, China
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Ismail A, El-Mahdy HA, Abulsoud AI, Sallam AAM, Eldeib MG, Elsakka EG, Zaki MB, Doghish AS. Beneficial and detrimental aspects of miRNAs as chief players in breast cancer: A comprehensive review. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 224:1541-1565. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.10.241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Chang JC, Chang HS, Yeh CY, Chang HJ, Cheng WL, Lin TT, Liu CS, Chen ST. Regulation of mitochondrial fusion and mitophagy by intra-tumoral delivery of membrane-fused mitochondria or Midiv-1 enhances sensitivity to doxorubicin in triple-negative breast cancer. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 153:113484. [PMID: 36076583 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing mitochondrial fusion by intra-tumoral grafting of membrane-fused mitochondria created with Pep-1 conjugation (P-Mito) contributes to breast cancer treatment, but it needs to be validated. Using mitochondrial division inhibitor-1 (Mdivi-1, Mdi) to disturb mitochondrial dynamics, we showed that the antitumor action of P-Mito in a mouse model of triple-negative breast cancer depends upon mitochondrial fusion and that Mdi treatment alone is ineffective. P-Mito significantly enhanced Doxorubicin (Dox) sensitivity by inducing mitochondrial fusion and mitophagy, and the same efficiency was also achieved with Mdi by inhibiting mitophagy. Cell death was induced via the p53 pathway and AIF nuclear translocation in the case of P-Mito, versus the caspase-dependent pathway for Mdi. Notably, both mitochondrial treatments reduced oxidative stress and blood vessel density of xenograft tumors, especially P-Mito, which was accompanied by inhibition of nuclear factor kappa-B activation. Furthermore, through enrichment analysis, four microRNAs in serum microvesicles induced by P-Mito caused expression of predicted targets via the PI3K-Akt pathway, and significantly impacted regulation of nuclear processes and myeloid cell differentiation. Clustering of gene-sets implicated a major steroid catabolic network. This study showed diverse roles of mitochondria in breast cancer and revealed effective adjuvant therapy targeting mitochondrial fusion and mitophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jui-Chih Chang
- Center of Regenerative Medicine and Tissue Repair, Institute of ATP, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 50094, Taiwan.
| | - Huei-Shin Chang
- Center of Regenerative Medicine and Tissue Repair, Institute of ATP, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 50094, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Yi Yeh
- Center of Regenerative Medicine and Tissue Repair, Institute of ATP, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 50094, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Ju Chang
- Center of Regenerative Medicine and Tissue Repair, Institute of ATP, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 50094, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Ling Cheng
- Department of Vascular and Genomic Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 50094, Taiwan
| | - Ta-Tsung Lin
- Department of Vascular and Genomic Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 50094, Taiwan
| | - Chin-San Liu
- Department of Vascular and Genomic Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 50094, Taiwan; Department of Neurology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 50094, Taiwan; School of Chinese Medicine, Graduate Institute of Chinese Medicine, Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, Research Center for Chinese Medicine and Acupuncture, China Medical University, Taichung 40447, Taiwan; Department of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, College of Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan
| | - Shou-Tung Chen
- Comprehensive Breast Cancer Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 50094, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 50094, Taiwan.
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Chien JY, Huang SP. Gene therapy in hereditary retinal dystrophy. Tzu Chi Med J 2022; 34:367-372. [PMID: 36578644 PMCID: PMC9791861 DOI: 10.4103/tcmj.tcmj_78_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Hereditary retinal dystrophies (HRDs), such as retinitis pigmentosa, Leber's congenital amaurosis (LCA), Usher syndrome, and retinoschisis, are a group of genetic retinal disorders exhibiting both genetic and phenotypic heterogeneity. Symptoms include progressive retinal degeneration and constricted visual field. Some patients will be legal or completely blind. Advanced sequencing technologies improve the genetic diagnosis of HRD and lead to a new era of research into gene-targeted therapies. Following the first Food and Drug Administration approval of gene augmentation therapy for LCA caused by RPE65 mutations, multiple clinical trials are currently underway applying different techniques. In this review, we provide an overview of gene therapy for HRD and emphasize four distinct approaches to gene-targeted therapy that have the potential to slow or even reverse retinal degeneration: (1) viral vector-based and nonviral gene delivery, (2) RNA-based antisense oligonucleotide, (3) genome editing by the Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeat/cas9 system, and (4) optogenetics gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Ying Chien
- Institute of Medical Science, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Shun-Ping Huang
- Institute of Medical Science, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan,Department of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan,Department of Ophthalmology, Taichung Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taichung, Taiwan,Address for correspondence: Dr. Shun-Ping Huang, Department of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Tzu Chi University, 701, Zhongyang Road, Section 3, Hualien, Taiwan. E-mail:
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20
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Find new channel for overcoming chemoresistance in cancers: Role of stem cells-derived exosomal microRNAs. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 219:530-537. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.07.253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Javdani H, Mollaei H, Karimi F, Mahmoudi S, Farahi A, Mirzaei-Parsa MJ, Shahabi A. Review article epithelial to mesenchymal transition‑associated microRNAs in breast cancer. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:9963-9973. [PMID: 35716288 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07553-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Despite major advances, breast cancer (BC) is the most commonly diagnosed carcinoma and remains a deadly disease among women worldwide. Many researchers point toward an important role of an epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) in BC development and promoting metastasis. Here, will be discussed that how functional changes of transcription factors, signaling pathways, and microRNAs (miRNA) in BC promote EMT. A thorough understanding the EMT biology can be important to determine reversing the process and design treatment approaches. There are frequent debates as to whether EMT is really relevant to BC in vivo, in which due to the intrinsic heterogeneity and tumor microenvironment. Nevertheless, given the importance of EMT in cancer progression and metastasis, the implementation of therapies against cancer-associated EMT will continue to help us develop and test potential treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Javdani
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Homa Mollaei
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Karimi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Shiva Mahmoudi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ali Farahi
- Student Research Committee, Department of Molecular Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Mohamad Javad Mirzaei-Parsa
- Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine Comprehensive Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Arman Shahabi
- Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine Comprehensive Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran. .,Research Center for Hydatid Disease in Iran, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, P. O. Box: 7618747653, Kerman, Iran.
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22
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Doroszkiewicz J, Groblewska M, Mroczko B. Molecular Biomarkers and Their Implications for the Early Diagnosis of Selected Neurodegenerative Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23094610. [PMID: 35563001 PMCID: PMC9100918 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The degeneration and dysfunction of neurons are key features of neurodegenerative diseases (NDs). Currently, one of the main challenges facing researchers and clinicians is the ability to obtain reliable diagnostic tools that will allow for the diagnosis of NDs as early as possible and the detection of neuronal dysfunction, preferably in the presymptomatic stage. Additionally, better tools for assessing disease progression in this group of disorders are also being sought. The ideal biomarker must have high sensitivity and specificity, be easy to measure, give reproducible results, and reflect the disease progression. Molecular biomarkers include miRNAs and extracellular microvesicles known as exosomes. They may be measured in two extracellular fluids of the highest importance in NDs, i.e., cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and blood. The aim of the current review is to summarize the pathophysiology of the four most frequent NDs—i.e., Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and multiple sclerosis (MS)—as well as current progress in the research into miRNAs as biomarkers in these major neurodegenerative diseases. In addition, we discuss the possibility of using miRNA-based therapies in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases, and present the limitations of this type of therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Doroszkiewicz
- Department of Neurodegeneration Diagnostics, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-85-686-51-68
| | - Magdalena Groblewska
- Department of Biochemical Diagnostics, University Hospital in Białystok, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland;
| | - Barbara Mroczko
- Department of Neurodegeneration Diagnostics, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland;
- Department of Biochemical Diagnostics, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland
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23
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Powrózek T, Ochieng Otieno M. Blood Circulating Non-Coding RNAs for the Clinical Management of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:803. [PMID: 35159070 PMCID: PMC8833777 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14030803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) represents the most aggressive subtype of breast cancer, and is related to unfavorable prognosis and limited treatment strategies. Currently, there is a lack of reliable biomarkers allowing for the clinical management of TNBC. This is probably caused by a complex molecular background, leading to the development and establishment of a unique tumor phenotype. Recent studies have reported non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) not only as the most promising class of molecular agents with a high applicability to manage human cancers, including TNBC, but also as robust and non-invasive biomarkers that are able to be monitored in blood circulation, with the application of liquid biopsy. There is a lack of papers discussing the role of blood-circulating ncRNAs as diagnostic, predictive, and prognostic biomarkers for TNBC. In this paper, we summarized the available literature reports on the utility of blood-circulating ncRNAs for TNBC management. Additionally, we supplemented this review by bioinformatics analysis, for better understanding of the role of ncRNAs' machinery in the development of a unique TNBC phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Powrózek
- Department of Human Physiology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-080 Lublin, Poland
| | - Michael Ochieng Otieno
- Haematological Malignancies H12O Clinical Research Unit, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
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24
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Safaei S, Amini M, Najjary S, Mokhtarzadeh A, Bolandi N, Saeedi H, Alizadeh N, Javadrashid D, Baradaran B. miR-200c increases the sensitivity of breast cancer cells to Doxorubicin through downregulating MDR1 gene. Exp Mol Pathol 2022; 125:104753. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2022.104753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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25
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RBM38 is negatively regulated by miR-320b and enhances Adriamycin resistance in breast cancer cells. Oncol Lett 2021; 23:27. [PMID: 34868364 PMCID: PMC8630814 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2021.13145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is a common type of malignant tumor that is frequently accompanied by drug resistance, which is a significant challenge in the treatment of BC. Adriamycin (ADM) is a commonly used drug for the treatment of BC. The aim of the present study was to demonstrate the association between RNA binding motif protein 38 (RBM38) and ADM resistance in BC. The results revealed that the expression levels of RBM38 were significantly upregulated in ADM-resistant BC tissues and the ADM-resistant cell line, MCF-7/A, as demonstrated using reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and western blotting. In addition, the results of the MTT assay revealed that the overexpression of RBM38 enhanced the resistance of MCF-7/A cells to ADM, promoted invasiveness, as determined using a Transwell assay, inhibited the apoptosis of resistant cells, as determined using flow cytometry, and accelerated cell cycle progression from the G0 to the S phase. The results of the dual luciferase reporter assay demonstrated the binding relationship between microRNA (miR)-320b and RBM38, and the expression levels of miR-320b were significantly downregulated in ADM-resistant BC tissues and MCF-7/A cells. Overexpression of miR-320b reversed ADM resistance, suppressed invasiveness, promoted apoptosis and arrested MCF-7/A cells in the G0 phase. In addition, RBM38 was discovered to be negatively regulated by miR-320b, which was able to restore the sensitivity of BC cells to ADM by downregulating RBM38. Further exploration of the underlying regulatory mechanism revealed that the miR-320b/RBM38 signaling axis mediated the development of ADM resistance in BC by altering the expression of cell cycle-, drug resistance- and PI3K/AKT signaling pathway-related proteins. In conclusion, the results of the present study suggested that RBM38 may be negatively regulated by miR-320b, which accelerates drug resistance in BC.
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26
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Marima R, Francies FZ, Hull R, Molefi T, Oyomno M, Khanyile R, Mbatha S, Mabongo M, Owen Bates D, Dlamini Z. MicroRNA and Alternative mRNA Splicing Events in Cancer Drug Response/Resistance: Potent Therapeutic Targets. Biomedicines 2021; 9:1818. [PMID: 34944633 PMCID: PMC8698559 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9121818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a multifaceted disease that involves several molecular mechanisms including changes in gene expression. Two important processes altered in cancer that lead to changes in gene expression include altered microRNA (miRNA) expression and aberrant splicing events. MiRNAs are short non-coding RNAs that play a central role in regulating RNA silencing and gene expression. Alternative splicing increases the diversity of the proteome by producing several different spliced mRNAs from a single gene for translation. MiRNA expression and alternative splicing events are rigorously regulated processes. Dysregulation of miRNA and splicing events promote carcinogenesis and drug resistance in cancers including breast, cervical, prostate, colorectal, ovarian and leukemia. Alternative splicing may change the target mRNA 3'UTR binding site. This alteration can affect the produced protein and may ultimately affect the drug affinity of target proteins, eventually leading to drug resistance. Drug resistance can be caused by intrinsic and extrinsic factors. The interplay between miRNA and alternative splicing is largely due to splicing resulting in altered 3'UTR targeted binding of miRNAs. This can result in the altered targeting of these isoforms and altered drug targets and drug resistance. Furthermore, the increasing prevalence of cancer drug resistance poses a substantial challenge in the management of the disease. Henceforth, molecular alterations have become highly attractive drug targets to reverse the aberrant effects of miRNAs and splicing events that promote malignancy and drug resistance. While the miRNA-mRNA splicing interplay in cancer drug resistance remains largely to be elucidated, this review focuses on miRNA and alternative mRNA splicing (AS) events in breast, cervical, prostate, colorectal and ovarian cancer, as well as leukemia, and the role these events play in drug resistance. MiRNA induced cancer drug resistance; alternative mRNA splicing (AS) in cancer drug resistance; the interplay between AS and miRNA in chemoresistance will be discussed. Despite this great potential, the interplay between aberrant splicing events and miRNA is understudied but holds great potential in deciphering miRNA-mediated drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahaba Marima
- SAMRC Precision Oncology Research Unit (PORU), Pan African Cancer Research Institute (PACRI), University of Pretoria, Hatfiel, Pretoria 0028, South Africa; (R.M.); (F.Z.F.); (R.H.); (T.M.); (M.O.); (R.K.); (S.M.); (M.M.); (D.O.B.)
| | - Flavia Zita Francies
- SAMRC Precision Oncology Research Unit (PORU), Pan African Cancer Research Institute (PACRI), University of Pretoria, Hatfiel, Pretoria 0028, South Africa; (R.M.); (F.Z.F.); (R.H.); (T.M.); (M.O.); (R.K.); (S.M.); (M.M.); (D.O.B.)
| | - Rodney Hull
- SAMRC Precision Oncology Research Unit (PORU), Pan African Cancer Research Institute (PACRI), University of Pretoria, Hatfiel, Pretoria 0028, South Africa; (R.M.); (F.Z.F.); (R.H.); (T.M.); (M.O.); (R.K.); (S.M.); (M.M.); (D.O.B.)
| | - Thulo Molefi
- SAMRC Precision Oncology Research Unit (PORU), Pan African Cancer Research Institute (PACRI), University of Pretoria, Hatfiel, Pretoria 0028, South Africa; (R.M.); (F.Z.F.); (R.H.); (T.M.); (M.O.); (R.K.); (S.M.); (M.M.); (D.O.B.)
- Department of Medical Oncology, Steve Biko Academic Hospital, University of Pretoria, Hatfield, Pretoria 0028, South Africa
| | - Meryl Oyomno
- SAMRC Precision Oncology Research Unit (PORU), Pan African Cancer Research Institute (PACRI), University of Pretoria, Hatfiel, Pretoria 0028, South Africa; (R.M.); (F.Z.F.); (R.H.); (T.M.); (M.O.); (R.K.); (S.M.); (M.M.); (D.O.B.)
- Department of Surgery, Steve Biko Academic Hospital, University of Pretoria, Hatfield, Pretoria 0028, South Africa
| | - Richard Khanyile
- SAMRC Precision Oncology Research Unit (PORU), Pan African Cancer Research Institute (PACRI), University of Pretoria, Hatfiel, Pretoria 0028, South Africa; (R.M.); (F.Z.F.); (R.H.); (T.M.); (M.O.); (R.K.); (S.M.); (M.M.); (D.O.B.)
- Department of Medical Oncology, Steve Biko Academic Hospital, University of Pretoria, Hatfield, Pretoria 0028, South Africa
| | - Sikhumbuzo Mbatha
- SAMRC Precision Oncology Research Unit (PORU), Pan African Cancer Research Institute (PACRI), University of Pretoria, Hatfiel, Pretoria 0028, South Africa; (R.M.); (F.Z.F.); (R.H.); (T.M.); (M.O.); (R.K.); (S.M.); (M.M.); (D.O.B.)
- Department of Surgery, Steve Biko Academic Hospital, University of Pretoria, Hatfield, Pretoria 0028, South Africa
| | - Mzubanzi Mabongo
- SAMRC Precision Oncology Research Unit (PORU), Pan African Cancer Research Institute (PACRI), University of Pretoria, Hatfiel, Pretoria 0028, South Africa; (R.M.); (F.Z.F.); (R.H.); (T.M.); (M.O.); (R.K.); (S.M.); (M.M.); (D.O.B.)
- Department of Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery, School of Dentistry, University of Pretoria, Hatfield, Pretoria 0028, South Africa
| | - David Owen Bates
- SAMRC Precision Oncology Research Unit (PORU), Pan African Cancer Research Institute (PACRI), University of Pretoria, Hatfiel, Pretoria 0028, South Africa; (R.M.); (F.Z.F.); (R.H.); (T.M.); (M.O.); (R.K.); (S.M.); (M.M.); (D.O.B.)
- Centre for Cancer Sciences, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Zodwa Dlamini
- SAMRC Precision Oncology Research Unit (PORU), Pan African Cancer Research Institute (PACRI), University of Pretoria, Hatfiel, Pretoria 0028, South Africa; (R.M.); (F.Z.F.); (R.H.); (T.M.); (M.O.); (R.K.); (S.M.); (M.M.); (D.O.B.)
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Emerging Role of miR-345 and Its Effective Delivery as a Potential Therapeutic Candidate in Pancreatic Cancer and Other Cancers. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13121987. [PMID: 34959269 PMCID: PMC8707074 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13121987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is an aggressive malignancy with high mortality, poor prognosis, and palliative treatments, due to the rapid upregulation of alternative compensatory pathways and desmoplastic reaction. miRNAs, small non-coding RNAs, have been recently identified as key players regulating cancer pathogenesis. Dysregulated miRNAs are associated with molecular pathways involved in tumor development, metastasis, and chemoresistance in PDAC, as well as other cancers. Targeted treatment strategies that alter miRNA levels in cancers have promising potential as therapeutic interventions. miRNA-345 (miR-345) plays a critical role in tumor suppression and is differentially expressed in various cancers, including pancreatic cancer (PC). The underlying mechanism(s) and delivery strategies of miR-345 have been investigated by us previously. Here, we summarize the potential therapeutic roles of miR-345 in different cancers, with emphasis on PDAC, for miRNA drug discovery, development, status, and implications. Further, we focus on miRNA nanodelivery system(s), based on different materials and nanoformulations, specifically for the delivery of miR-345.
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28
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Chen W, Li Z, Deng P, Li Z, Xu Y, Li H, Su W, Qin J. Advances of Exosomal miRNAs in Breast Cancer Progression and Diagnosis. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:diagnostics11112151. [PMID: 34829498 PMCID: PMC8622700 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11112151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the most commonly diagnosed malignancies and the leading cause of cancer death in women worldwide. Although many factors associated with breast cancer have been identified, the definite etiology of breast cancer is still unclear. In addition, early diagnosis of breast cancer remains challenging. Exosomes are membrane-bound nanovesicles secreted by most types of cells and contain a series of biologically important molecules, such as lipids, proteins, and miRNAs, etc. Emerging evidence shows that exosomes can affect the status of cells by transmitting substances and messages among cells and are involved in various physiological and pathological processes. In breast cancer, exosomes play a significant role in breast tumorigenesis and progression through transfer miRNAs which can be potential biomarkers for early diagnosis of breast cancer. This review discusses the potential utility of exosomal miRNAs in breast cancer progression such as tumorigenesis, metastasis, immune regulation and drug resistance, and further in breast cancer diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenwen Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China; (W.C.); (P.D.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhongyu Li
- College of Life Science, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian 116600, China;
| | - Pengwei Deng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China; (W.C.); (P.D.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhengnan Li
- Clinical Laboratory, Dalian University Affiliated Xinhua Hospital, Dalian 116021, China;
| | - Yuhai Xu
- First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116000, China; (Y.X.); (H.L.)
| | - Hongjing Li
- First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116000, China; (Y.X.); (H.L.)
| | - Wentao Su
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
- Correspondence: (W.S.); (J.Q.)
| | - Jianhua Qin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China; (W.C.); (P.D.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- CAS Centre for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
- Correspondence: (W.S.); (J.Q.)
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Grabowska-Pyrzewicz W, Want A, Leszek J, Wojda U. Antisense oligonucleotides for Alzheimer's disease therapy: from the mRNA to miRNA paradigm. EBioMedicine 2021; 74:103691. [PMID: 34773891 PMCID: PMC8602003 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2021.103691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) represents a particular therapeutic challenge because its aetiology is very complex, with dynamic progression from preclinical to clinical stages. Several potential therapeutic targets and strategies were tested for AD, in over 2000 clinical trials, but no disease-modifying therapy exists. This failure indicates that AD, as a multifactorial disease, may require multi-targeted approaches and the delivery of therapeutic molecules to the right place and at the right disease stage. Opportunities to meet the challenges of AD therapy appear to come from recent progress in knowledge and methodological advances in the design, synthesis, and targeting of brain mRNA and microRNA with synthetic antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs). Several types of ASOs allow the utilisation of different mechanisms of posttranscriptional regulation and offer enhanced effects over alternative therapeutics. This article reviews ASO-based approaches and targets in preclinical and clinical trials for AD, and presents the future perspective on ASO therapies for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wioleta Grabowska-Pyrzewicz
- Laboratory of Preclinical Testing of Higher Standard, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of Polish Academy of Sciences, Pasteur 3, 02-093, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Andrew Want
- Laboratory of Preclinical Testing of Higher Standard, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of Polish Academy of Sciences, Pasteur 3, 02-093, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jerzy Leszek
- Department of Psychiatry, Wroclaw Medical University, Wybrzeże Pasteura 10, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Urszula Wojda
- Laboratory of Preclinical Testing of Higher Standard, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of Polish Academy of Sciences, Pasteur 3, 02-093, Warsaw, Poland.
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Zou H, Lu C, Qiu J. Long non-coding RNA LINC00265 promotes proliferation, apoptosis, and inflammation of chondrocytes in osteoarthritis by sponging miR-101-3p. Autoimmunity 2021; 54:526-538. [PMID: 34633248 DOI: 10.1080/08916934.2021.1978432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play a part in a wide variety of diseases, including osteoarthritis (OA). This study was designed to investigate the biological role of lncRNA LINC00265 in OA and its underlying mechanisms. We examined the levels of LINC00265 and miR-101-3p using RT-qPCR, inflammatory factors using ELISA, and caspase-3, c-caspase-3, Bcl-2, Bax, and MMP-13 levels using Western blot in normal and OA chondrocytes, analysed the relationship between LINC00265 and miR-101-3p using bioinformatics analysis and luciferase reporter assays, performed loss- and gain-of-function analyses. The results showed that (1) LINC00265 expression was increased in OA chondrocytes, (2) si-LINC00265 inhibited OA chondrocyte apoptosis and inflammation, and (3) LINC00265 overexpression promoted normal and OA chondrocyte apoptosis and inflammation. Furthermore, we predicted and confirmed that miR-101-3p was a target of LINC00265. LINC00265 negatively regulated miR-101-3p in OA chondrocytes and LINC00265 promoted OA and normal chondrocyte apoptosis via miR-101-3p. Overall, lncRNA LINC00265 regulates chondrocyte apoptosis by acting as a sponge of miR-101-3p in OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanlin Zou
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Putuo District Central Hospital, Shanghai City, P. R. China
| | - Chunde Lu
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Jiangong Hospital, Shanghai City, P. R. China
| | - Jianjun Qiu
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Putuo District Central Hospital, Shanghai City, P. R. China
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31
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Yan L, Li H, An W, Wei W, Zhang X, Wang L. Mex-3 RNA binding MEX3A promotes the proliferation and migration of breast cancer cells via regulating RhoA/ROCK1/LIMK1 signaling pathway. Bioengineered 2021; 12:5850-5858. [PMID: 34486491 PMCID: PMC8806898 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.1964155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer has been known as cancer with high mortality rates. It has been studied that MEX3A (Mex-3 RNA Binding Family Member A) is involved in carcinogenesis by accelerating cancer proliferation and migration. Therefore, this research aimed to study how MEX3A regulates the biological behaviors of breast cancer. Firstly, we used GEPIA and KM-plotter databases to evaluate MEX3A expression in human breast cancer tissue compared to adjacent normal tissue. Immunohistochemistry was employed to assess MEX3A protein expression in clinical specimens. MEX3A mRNA expression level was assessed through quantitative real-time PCR (RT-qPCR). Western blotting was used to detect protein expression. Moreover, Cell Count Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, wound healing assay and transwell invasion assay were used to determine the proliferation, migration and invasion of breast cancer cells, respectively. Our study found that MEX3A expression level was much higher in human breast cancer tissues as compared to adjacent normal tissues. Similarly, breast cancer cell lines showed higher expression of MEX3A as compared to the normal breast cells. This higher expression of MEX3A was linked with the poor survival of breast cancer. Moreover, we found that overexpression of MEX3A stimulated proliferation and migration in the breast cancer cells. However, inhibition of MEX3A significantly reduced the proliferation and migration of breast cancer cells. In addition, we determined that MEX3A could activate RhoA/ROCK1/LIMK1 signaling in the breast cancer cells. Overall, our study concluded that MEX3A promotes its migration and proliferation in breast cancer cells via modulating RhoA/ROCK1/LIMK1 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Yan
- Department Of Pathology, Dongying People's Hospital, Dongying City, Shandong Province, China
| | - Hongjing Li
- Department Of Pathology, Dongying People's Hospital, Dongying City, Shandong Province, China
| | - Wenbo An
- Department Of Radiology, Dongying People's Hospital, Dongying City, Shandong Province, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Department Of Oncology, Dongying People's Hospital, Dongying City, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xiaolei Zhang
- Department Of Oncology, Dongying People's Hospital, Dongying City, Shandong Province, China
| | - Linlin Wang
- Department Of Pathology, Dongying People's Hospital, Dongying City, Shandong Province, China
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32
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Reply to Zhang and Zhu "MicroRNA Mimics or Inhibitors as Antiviral Therapeutic Approaches Against COVID-19". Drugs 2021; 81:1693-1695. [PMID: 34453691 PMCID: PMC8397847 DOI: 10.1007/s40265-021-01581-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Herman AB, Anerillas C, Harris SC, Munk R, Martindale J, Yang X, Mazan-Mamczarz K, Zhang Y, Heckenbach I, Scheibye-Knudsen M, De S, Sen P, Abdelmohsen K, Gorospe M. Reduction of lamin B receptor levels by miR-340-5p disrupts chromatin, promotes cell senescence and enhances senolysis. Nucleic Acids Res 2021; 49:7389-7405. [PMID: 34181735 PMCID: PMC8287953 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkab538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
A major stress response influenced by microRNAs (miRNAs) is senescence, a state of indefinite growth arrest triggered by sublethal cell damage. Here, through bioinformatic analysis and experimental validation, we identified miR-340-5p as a novel miRNA that foments cellular senescence. miR-340-5p was highly abundant in diverse senescence models, and miR-340-5p overexpression in proliferating cells rendered them senescent. Among the target mRNAs, miR-340-5p prominently reduced the levels of LBR mRNA, encoding lamin B receptor (LBR). Loss of LBR by ectopic overexpression of miR-340-5p derepressed heterochromatin in lamina-associated domains, promoting the expression of DNA repetitive elements characteristic of senescence. Importantly, overexpressing miR-340-5p enhanced cellular sensitivity to senolytic compounds, while antagonization of miR-340-5p reduced senescent cell markers and engendered resistance to senolytic-induced cell death. We propose that miR-340-5p can be exploited for removing senescent cells to restore tissue homeostasis and mitigate damage by senescent cells in pathologies of human aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison B Herman
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, 251 Bayview Blvd, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Carlos Anerillas
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, 251 Bayview Blvd, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Sophia C Harris
- Confocal Imaging Facility, Laboratory of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Institute on Aging Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Rachel Munk
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, 251 Bayview Blvd, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Jennifer L Martindale
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, 251 Bayview Blvd, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Xiaoling Yang
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, 251 Bayview Blvd, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Krystyna Mazan-Mamczarz
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, 251 Bayview Blvd, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Yongqing Zhang
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, 251 Bayview Blvd, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Indra J Heckenbach
- Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, DK-2200, Denmark
| | - Morten Scheibye-Knudsen
- Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, DK-2200, Denmark
| | - Supriyo De
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, 251 Bayview Blvd, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Payel Sen
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, 251 Bayview Blvd, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Kotb Abdelmohsen
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, 251 Bayview Blvd, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Myriam Gorospe
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, 251 Bayview Blvd, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
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Gong L, Zhou X, Sun J. Circular RNAs Interaction with MiRNAs: Emerging Roles in Breast Cancer. Int J Med Sci 2021; 18:3182-3196. [PMID: 34400888 PMCID: PMC8364445 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.62219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite significant advances in cancer therapy strategies, breast cancer is one of the most common and lethal malignancies worldwide. Characterization of a new class of RNAs using next-generation sequencing opened new doors toward uncovering etiopathogenesis mechanisms of breast cancer as well as prognostic and diagnostic biomarkers. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a novel class of RNA with covalently closed and highly stable structures generated primarily from the back-splicing of precursor mRNAs. Although circRNAs exert their function through various mechanisms, acting as a sponge for miRNAs is their primary mechanism of function. Furthermore, growing evidence has shown that aberrant expression of circRNAs is involved in the various hallmarks of cancers. This paper reviews the biogenesis, characteristics, and mechanism of functions of circRNAs and their deregulation in various cancers. Finally, we focused on the circRNAs roles as a sponge for miRNAs in the development, metastasis, angiogenesis, drug resistance, apoptosis, and immune responses of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu Gong
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hangzhou Xiasha Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
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The Role of miRNAs in Extracellular Matrix Repair and Chronic Fibrotic Lung Diseases. Cells 2021; 10:cells10071706. [PMID: 34359876 PMCID: PMC8304879 DOI: 10.3390/cells10071706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The lung extracellular matrix (ECM) plays a key role in the normal architecture of the lung, from embryonic lung development to mechanical stability and elastic recoil of the breathing adult lung. The lung ECM can modulate the biophysical environment of cells through ECM stiffness, porosity, topography and insolubility. In a reciprocal interaction, lung ECM dynamics result from the synthesis, degradation and organization of ECM components by the surrounding structural and immune cells. Repeated lung injury and repair can trigger a vicious cycle of aberrant ECM protein deposition, accompanied by elevated ECM stiffness, which has a lasting effect on cell and tissue function. The processes governing the resolution of injury repair are regulated by several pathways; however, in chronic lung diseases such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and idiopathic pulmonary disease (IPF) these processes are compromised, resulting in impaired cell function and ECM remodeling. Current estimates show that more than 60% of the human coding transcripts are regulated by miRNAs. miRNAs are small non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expressions and modulate cellular functions. This review is focused on the current knowledge of miRNAs in regulating ECM synthesis, degradation and topography by cells and their dysregulation in asthma, COPD and IPF.
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36
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Chiang AWT, Baghdassarian HM, Kellman BP, Bao B, Sorrentino JT, Liang C, Kuo CC, Masson HO, Lewis NE. Systems glycobiology for discovering drug targets, biomarkers, and rational designs for glyco-immunotherapy. J Biomed Sci 2021; 28:50. [PMID: 34158025 PMCID: PMC8218521 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-021-00746-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy has revolutionized treatment and led to an unprecedented wave of immuno-oncology research during the past two decades. In 2018, two pioneer immunotherapy innovators, Tasuku Honjo and James P. Allison, were awarded the Nobel Prize for their landmark cancer immunotherapy work regarding “cancer therapy by inhibition of negative immune regulation” –CTLA4 and PD-1 immune checkpoints. However, the challenge in the coming decade is to develop cancer immunotherapies that can more consistently treat various patients and cancer types. Overcoming this challenge requires a systemic understanding of the underlying interactions between immune cells, tumor cells, and immunotherapeutics. The role of aberrant glycosylation in this process, and how it influences tumor immunity and immunotherapy is beginning to emerge. Herein, we review current knowledge of miRNA-mediated regulatory mechanisms of glycosylation machinery, and how these carbohydrate moieties impact immune cell and tumor cell interactions. We discuss these insights in the context of clinical findings and provide an outlook on modulating the regulation of glycosylation to offer new therapeutic opportunities. Finally, in the coming age of systems glycobiology, we highlight how emerging technologies in systems glycobiology are enabling deeper insights into cancer immuno-oncology, helping identify novel drug targets and key biomarkers of cancer, and facilitating the rational design of glyco-immunotherapies. These hold great promise clinically in the immuno-oncology field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Austin W T Chiang
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, 9500 Gilman Drive MC 0760, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA. .,The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability at the University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA.
| | - Hratch M Baghdassarian
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, 9500 Gilman Drive MC 0760, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA.,The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability at the University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA.,Bioinformatics and Systems Biology Graduate Program, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Benjamin P Kellman
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, 9500 Gilman Drive MC 0760, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA.,The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability at the University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA.,Bioinformatics and Systems Biology Graduate Program, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Bokan Bao
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, 9500 Gilman Drive MC 0760, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA.,The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability at the University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA.,Bioinformatics and Systems Biology Graduate Program, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA
| | - James T Sorrentino
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, 9500 Gilman Drive MC 0760, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA.,The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability at the University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA.,Bioinformatics and Systems Biology Graduate Program, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Chenguang Liang
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, 9500 Gilman Drive MC 0760, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA.,Department of Bioengineering, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Chih-Chung Kuo
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, 9500 Gilman Drive MC 0760, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA.,The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability at the University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA.,Department of Bioengineering, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Helen O Masson
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, 9500 Gilman Drive MC 0760, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA.,Department of Bioengineering, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Nathan E Lewis
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, 9500 Gilman Drive MC 0760, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA.,The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability at the University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA.,Department of Bioengineering, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA.,The National Biologics Facility, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
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Vijayan M, Reddy PH. Non-Coding RNAs Based Molecular Links in Type 2 Diabetes, Ischemic Stroke, and Vascular Dementia. J Alzheimers Dis 2021; 75:353-383. [PMID: 32310177 DOI: 10.3233/jad-200070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
This article reviews recent advances in the study of microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), and their functions in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), ischemic stroke (IS), and vascular dementia (VaD). miRNAs and lncRNAs are gene regulation markers that both regulate translational aspects of a wide range of proteins and biological processes in healthy and disease states. Recent studies from our laboratory and others have revealed that miRNAs and lncRNAs expressed differently are potential therapeutic targets for neurological diseases, especially T2DM, IS, VaD, and Alzheimer's disease (AD). Currently, the effect of aging in T2DM, IS, and VaD and the cellular and molecular pathways are largely unknown. In this article, we highlight results from the works on the molecular connections between T2DM and IS, and IS and VaD. In each disease, we also summarize the pathophysiology and the differential expressions of miRNAs and lncRNAs. Based on current research findings, we hypothesize that 1) T2DM bi-directionally and age-dependently induces IS and VaD, and 2) these changes are precursors to the onset of dementia in elderly people. Research into these hypotheses is required to examine further whether research efforts on reducing T2DM, IS, and VaD may affect dementia and/or delay the AD disease process in the aged population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murali Vijayan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - P Hemachandra Reddy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA.,Department of Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA.,Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA.,Department of Neurology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA.,Department of Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA.,Department of Public Health, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
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Safi A, Bastami M, Delghir S, Ilkhani K, Seif F, Alivand MR. miRNAs Modulate the Dichotomy of Cisplatin Resistance or Sensitivity in Breast Cancer: An Update of Therapeutic Implications. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2021; 21:1069-1081. [PMID: 32885760 DOI: 10.2174/1871520620666200903145939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Revised: 08/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Cisplatin has a broad-spectrum antitumor activity and is widely used for the treatment of various malignant tumors. However, acquired or intrinsic resistance of cisplatin is a major problem for patients during the therapy. Recently, it has been reported Cancer Stem Cell (CSC)-derived drug resistance is a great challenge of tumor development and recurrence; therefore, the sensitivity of Breast Cancer Stem Cells (BCSCs) to cisplatin is of particular importance. Increasing evidence has shown that there is a relationship between cisplatin resistance/sensitivity genes and related miRNAs. It is known that dysregulation of relevant miRNAs plays a critical role in regulating target genes of cisplatin resistance/sensitivity in various pathways such as cellular uptake/efflux, Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT), hypoxia, and apoptosis. Furthermore, the efficacy of the current chemotherapeutic drugs, including cisplatin, for providing personalized medicine, can be improved by controlling the expression of miRNAs. Thus, potential targeting of miRNAs can lead to miRNA-based therapies, which will help overcome drug resistance and develop more effective personalized anti-cancer and cotreatment strategies in breast cancer. In this review, we summarized the general understandings of miRNAregulated biological processes in breast cancer, particularly focused on the role of miRNA in cisplatin resistance/ sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asma Safi
- Clinical Research Development Unit, Shohada Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Milad Bastami
- Clinical Research Development Unit, Shohada Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Soheila Delghir
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Khandan Ilkhani
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Farhad Seif
- Department of Immunology & Allergy, Academic Center for Education, Culture, and Research, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad R Alivand
- Clinical Research Development Unit, Shohada Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Tang LB, Ma SX, Chen ZH, Huang QY, Wu LY, Wang Y, Zhao RC, Xiong LX. Exosomal microRNAs: Pleiotropic Impacts on Breast Cancer Metastasis and Their Clinical Perspectives. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:biology10040307. [PMID: 33917233 PMCID: PMC8067993 DOI: 10.3390/biology10040307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 03/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
As a major threat factor for female health, breast cancer (BC) has garnered a lot of attention for its malignancy and diverse molecules participating in its carcinogenesis process. Among these complex carcinogenesis processes, cell proliferation, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition (MET), and angiogenesis are the major causes for the occurrence of metastasis and chemoresistance which account for cancer malignancy. MicroRNAs packaged and secreted in exosomes are termed "exosomal microRNAs (miRNAs)". Nowadays, more researches have uncovered the roles of exosomal miRNAs played in BC metastasis. In this review, we recapitulated the dual actions of exosomal miRNAs exerted in the aggressiveness of BC by influencing migration, invasion, and distant metastasis. Next, we presented how exosomal miRNAs modify angiogenesis and stemness maintenance. Clinically, several exosomal miRNAs can govern the transformation between drug sensitivity and chemoresistance. Since the balance of the number and type of exosomal miRNAs is disturbed in pathological conditions, they are able to serve as instructive biomarkers for BC diagnosis and prognosis. More efforts are needed to connect the theoretical studies and clinical traits together. This review provides an outline of the pleiotropic impacts of exosomal miRNAs on BC metastasis and their clinical implications, paving the way for future personalized drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Bo Tang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Basic Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China; (L.-B.T.); (Q.-Y.H.); (L.-Y.W.); (Y.W.); (R.-C.Z.)
- Second Clinical Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China;
| | - Shu-Xin Ma
- Queen Mary School, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China;
| | - Zhuo-Hui Chen
- Second Clinical Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China;
| | - Qi-Yuan Huang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Basic Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China; (L.-B.T.); (Q.-Y.H.); (L.-Y.W.); (Y.W.); (R.-C.Z.)
- Second Clinical Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China;
| | - Long-Yuan Wu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Basic Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China; (L.-B.T.); (Q.-Y.H.); (L.-Y.W.); (Y.W.); (R.-C.Z.)
- First Clinical Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Basic Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China; (L.-B.T.); (Q.-Y.H.); (L.-Y.W.); (Y.W.); (R.-C.Z.)
| | - Rui-Chen Zhao
- Department of Pathophysiology, Basic Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China; (L.-B.T.); (Q.-Y.H.); (L.-Y.W.); (Y.W.); (R.-C.Z.)
- Queen Mary School, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China;
| | - Li-Xia Xiong
- Department of Pathophysiology, Basic Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China; (L.-B.T.); (Q.-Y.H.); (L.-Y.W.); (Y.W.); (R.-C.Z.)
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Pathogenesis and Molecular Pathology, Nanchang 330006, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-791-8636-0556
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Zhou D, Gu J, Wang Y, Wu H, Cheng W, Wang Q, Zheng G, Wang X. Long non-coding RNA NEAT1 transported by extracellular vesicles contributes to breast cancer development by sponging microRNA-141-3p and regulating KLF12. Cell Biosci 2021; 11:68. [PMID: 33820555 PMCID: PMC8022671 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-021-00556-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Breast cancer (BC) remains a public-health issue on a global scale. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play functional roles in BC. This study focuses on effects of NEAT1 on BC cell invasion, migration and chemotherapy resistance via microRNA (miR)-141-3p and KLF12. Methods After extraction and identification of serum extracellular vesicles (EVs), NEAT1 expression in EVs was detected and its association with clinical characteristics of BC patients was analyzed. Besides, the gain-of function was performed to investigate the roles of NEAT1 and miR-141-3p in BC, and levels of NEAT1, miR-141-3p, KLF12 and MDR1 after EV treatment were detected by RT-qPCR and Western blot analysis. Furthermore, the in vitro findings were confirmed via lung metastases in nude mice. Results NEAT1 expression in serum EVs was high and related to lymph node metastasis, progesterone receptor, estrogen receptor and Ki-67 in BC patients. After EV treatment, NEAT1 and KLF12 levels were increased, miR-141-3p expression was decreased, the abilities of proliferation, invasion, migration and in vivo metastasis were enhanced, and the sensitivity of cells to cisplatin, paclitaxel and 5-fluorouracil was decreased. After NEAT1 interference, NEAT1 and KLF12 levels in BC cells treated with EVs were decreased, miR-141-3p expression was increased, cell proliferation, invasion, migration and in vivo metastasis were decreased, and drug resistance sensitivity was increased. NEAT1 can bind to miR-141-3p and upregulates KLF12 expression. Conclusions EVs inhibit the regulation of KLF12 by miR-141-3p by transporting NEAT1 to BC cells, thus promoting BC cell invasion, migration, and chemotherapy resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- DaoPing Zhou
- Center for Precision Medicine, Anhui No.2 Provincial People's Hospital, Hefei, 230041, Anhui, China
| | - Juan Gu
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, The Fifth People's Hospital of Wuxi, Nanjing Medical University, 1215 Guangrui Road, Wuxi, 214000, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Pathology, The Fifth People's Hospital of Wuxi, The Medical School of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214000, Jiangsu, China
| | - YuePing Wang
- Center for Precision Medicine, Anhui No.2 Provincial People's Hospital, Hefei, 230041, Anhui, China.,Department of Biology, College of Arts & Science, Massachusetts University, Boston, 02125, MA, USA
| | - HuaiGuo Wu
- Center for Precision Medicine, Anhui No.2 Provincial People's Hospital, Hefei, 230041, Anhui, China
| | - Wei Cheng
- Center for Precision Medicine, Anhui No.2 Provincial People's Hospital, Hefei, 230041, Anhui, China
| | - QingPing Wang
- Center for Precision Medicine, Anhui No.2 Provincial People's Hospital, Hefei, 230041, Anhui, China
| | - GuoPei Zheng
- Center for Precision Medicine, Anhui No.2 Provincial People's Hospital, Hefei, 230041, Anhui, China
| | - XueDong Wang
- Center for Precision Medicine, Anhui No.2 Provincial People's Hospital, Hefei, 230041, Anhui, China. .,Department of Medical Laboratory Science, The Fifth People's Hospital of Wuxi, Nanjing Medical University, 1215 Guangrui Road, Wuxi, 214000, Jiangsu, China.
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41
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Elmore LW, Greer SF, Daniels EC, Saxe CC, Melner MH, Krawiec GM, Cance WG, Phelps WC. Blueprint for cancer research: Critical gaps and opportunities. CA Cancer J Clin 2021; 71:107-139. [PMID: 33326126 DOI: 10.3322/caac.21652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
We are experiencing a revolution in cancer. Advances in screening, targeted and immune therapies, big data, computational methodologies, and significant new knowledge of cancer biology are transforming the ways in which we prevent, detect, diagnose, treat, and survive cancer. These advances are enabling durable progress in the goal to achieve personalized cancer care. Despite these gains, more work is needed to develop better tools and strategies to limit cancer as a major health concern. One persistent gap is the inconsistent coordination among researchers and caregivers to implement evidence-based programs that rely on a fuller understanding of the molecular, cellular, and systems biology mechanisms underpinning different types of cancer. Here, the authors integrate conversations with over 90 leading cancer experts to highlight current challenges, encourage a robust and diverse national research portfolio, and capture timely opportunities to advance evidence-based approaches for all patients with cancer and for all communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lynne W Elmore
- Office of the Chief Medical and Scientific Officer, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Susanna F Greer
- Office of the Chief Medical and Scientific Officer, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Elvan C Daniels
- Office of the Chief Medical and Scientific Officer, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Charles C Saxe
- Office of the Chief Medical and Scientific Officer, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Michael H Melner
- Office of the Chief Medical and Scientific Officer, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Ginger M Krawiec
- Office of the Chief Medical and Scientific Officer, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - William G Cance
- Office of the Chief Medical and Scientific Officer, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - William C Phelps
- Office of the Chief Medical and Scientific Officer, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia
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42
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Chong ZX, Yeap SK, Ho WY. Role of miRNAs in regulating responses to radiotherapy in human breast cancer. Int J Radiat Biol 2021; 97:289-301. [PMID: 33356761 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2021.1864048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer that affects females globally. Radiotherapy is a standard treatment option for breast cancer, where one of its most significant limitations is radioresistance development. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, non-protein-coding RNAs that have been widely studied for their roles as disease biomarkers. To date, several in vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies have reported the roles of miRNAs in regulating radiosensitivity and radioresistance in breast cancer cells. This article reviews the roles of miRNAs in regulating treatment response toward radiotherapy and the associating cellular pathways. We identified 36 miRNAs that play a role in mediating radio-responses; 22 were radiosensitizing, 12 were radioresistance-promoting, and two miRNAs were reported to promote both effects. A brief overview of breast cancer therapy options, mechanism of action of radiation, and molecular mechanism of radioresistance was provided in this article. A summary of the latest clinical researches involving miRNAs in breast cancer radiotherapy was also included.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Xiong Chong
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Swee Keong Yeap
- China-ASEAN College of Marine Sciences, Xiamen University Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Wan Yong Ho
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
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43
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Mohd Ali N, Yeap SK, Ho WY, Boo L, Ky H, Satharasinghe DA, Tan SW, Cheong SK, Huang HD, Lan KC, Chiew MY, Ong HK. Adipose MSCs Suppress MCF7 and MDA-MB-231 Breast Cancer Metastasis and EMT Pathways Leading to Dormancy via Exosomal-miRNAs Following Co-Culture Interaction. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2020; 14:ph14010008. [PMID: 33374139 PMCID: PMC7824212 DOI: 10.3390/ph14010008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Globally, breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer in women, and it remains a substantial clinical challenge due to cancer relapse. The presence of a subpopulation of dormant breast cancer cells that survived chemotherapy and metastasized to distant organs may contribute to relapse. Tumor microenvironment (TME) plays a significant role as a niche in inducing cancer cells into dormancy as well as involves in the reversible epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) into aggressive phenotype responsible for cancer-related mortality in patients. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are known to migrate to TME and interact with cancer cells via secretion of exosome- containing biomolecules, microRNA. Understanding of interaction between MSCs and cancer cells via exosomal miRNAs is important in determining the therapeutic role of MSC in treating breast cancer cells and relapse. In this study, exosomes were harvested from a medium of indirect co-culture of MCF7-luminal and MDA-MB-231-basal breast cancer cells (BCCs) subtypes with adipose MSCs. The interaction resulted in different exosomal miRNAs profiles that modulate essential signaling pathways and cell cycle arrest into dormancy via inhibition of metastasis and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Overall, breast cancer cells displayed a change towards a more dormant-epithelial phenotype associated with lower rates of metastasis and higher chemoresistance. The study highlights the crucial roles of adipose MSCs in inducing dormancy and identifying miRNAs-dormancy related markers that could be used to identify the metastatic pattern, predict relapses in cancer patients and to be potential candidate targets for new targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norlaily Mohd Ali
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Cheras 43000, Malaysia; (N.M.A.); (L.B.); (S.K.C.)
| | - Swee Keong Yeap
- Marine Biotechnology, China-ASEAN College of Marine Sciences, Xiamen University Malaysia Campus, Jalan Sunsuria, Bandar Sunsuria, Sepang, Selangor 43900, Malaysia;
| | - Wan Yong Ho
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham (Malaysia Campus), Semenyih 43500, Malaysia;
| | - Lily Boo
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Cheras 43000, Malaysia; (N.M.A.); (L.B.); (S.K.C.)
| | - Huynh Ky
- Department of Agriculture Genetics and Breeding, College of Agriculture and Applied Biology, Cantho University, Can Tho 900100, Vietnam;
| | - Dilan Amila Satharasinghe
- Department of Basic Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya 20400, Sri Lanka;
| | - Sheau Wei Tan
- Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia;
| | - Soon Keng Cheong
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Cheras 43000, Malaysia; (N.M.A.); (L.B.); (S.K.C.)
- Cryocord Sdn Bhd, Persiaran Cyberpoint Selatan, Cyberjaya 63000, Malaysia
| | - Hsien Da Huang
- School of Life and Health Sciences, Warshel Institute for Computational Biology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518172, China;
| | - Kuan Chun Lan
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Bioengineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan;
| | - Men Yee Chiew
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan;
| | - Han Kiat Ong
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Cheras 43000, Malaysia; (N.M.A.); (L.B.); (S.K.C.)
- Correspondence:
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MirLocPredictor: A ConvNet-Based Multi-Label MicroRNA Subcellular Localization Predictor by Incorporating k-Mer Positional Information. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:genes11121475. [PMID: 33316943 PMCID: PMC7763197 DOI: 10.3390/genes11121475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNA) are small noncoding RNA sequences consisting of about 22 nucleotides that are involved in the regulation of almost 60% of mammalian genes. Presently, there are very limited approaches for the visualization of miRNA locations present inside cells to support the elucidation of pathways and mechanisms behind miRNA function, transport, and biogenesis. MIRLocator, a state-of-the-art tool for the prediction of subcellular localization of miRNAs makes use of a sequence-to-sequence model along with pretrained k-mer embeddings. Existing pretrained k-mer embedding generation methodologies focus on the extraction of semantics of k-mers. However, in RNA sequences, positional information of nucleotides is more important because distinct positions of the four nucleotides define the function of an RNA molecule. Considering the importance of the nucleotide position, we propose a novel approach (kmerPR2vec) which is a fusion of positional information of k-mers with randomly initialized neural k-mer embeddings. In contrast to existing k-mer-based representation, the proposed kmerPR2vec representation is much more rich in terms of semantic information and has more discriminative power. Using novel kmerPR2vec representation, we further present an end-to-end system (MirLocPredictor) which couples the discriminative power of kmerPR2vec with Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) for miRNA subcellular location prediction. The effectiveness of the proposed kmerPR2vec approach is evaluated with deep learning-based topologies (i.e., Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) and Recurrent Neural Network (RNN)) and by using 9 different evaluation measures. Analysis of the results reveals that MirLocPredictor outperform state-of-the-art methods with a significant margin of 18% and 19% in terms of precision and recall.
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Naghiyan Fesharaki S, Naghiyan Fesharaki S, Esmaeili A, Azadeh M, Ghaedi K. SNP rs1803622 in hsa-miR-548g binding site at GAPDH alters susceptibility to breast cancer. GENE REPORTS 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2020.100845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Identification and Validation of Potential miRNAs, as Biomarkers for Sepsis and Associated Lung Injury: A Network-Based Approach. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:genes11111327. [PMID: 33182754 PMCID: PMC7696689 DOI: 10.3390/genes11111327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is a dysregulated immune response disease affecting millions worldwide. Delayed diagnosis, poor prognosis, and disease heterogeneity make its treatment ineffective. miRNAs are imposingly involved in personalized medicine such as therapeutics, due to their high sensitivity and accuracy. Our study aimed to reveal the biomarkers that may be involved in the dysregulated immune response in sepsis and lung injury using a computational approach and in vivo validation studies. A sepsis miRNA Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) dataset based on the former analysis of blood samples was used to identify differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) and associated hub genes. Sepsis-associated genes from the Comparative Toxicogenomics Database (CTD) that overlapped with identified DEM targets were utilized for network construction. In total, 317 genes were found to be regulated by 10 DEMs (three upregulated, namely miR-4634, miR-4638-5p, and miR-4769-5p, and seven downregulated, namely miR-4299, miR-451a, miR181a-2-3p, miR-16-5p, miR-5704, miR-144-3p, and miR-1290). Overall hub genes (HIP1, GJC1, MDM4, IL6R, and ERC1) and for miR-16-5p (SYNRG, TNRC6B, and LAMTOR3) were identified based on centrality measures (degree, betweenness, and closeness). In vivo validation of miRNAs in lung tissue showed significantly downregulated expression of miR-16-5p corroborating with our computational findings, whereas expression of miR-181a-2-3p and miR-451a were found to be upregulated in contrast to the computational approach. In conclusion, the differential expression pattern of miRNAs and hub genes reported in this study may help to unravel many unexplored regulatory pathways, leading to the identification of critical molecular targets for increased prognosis, diagnosis, and drug efficacy in sepsis and associated organ injuries.
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Li Z, Zheng J, Lin W, Weng J, Hong W, Zou J, Zhang T, Ye C, Chen Y. Circular RNA hsa_circ_0001785 inhibits the proliferation, migration and invasion of breast cancer cells in vitro and in vivo by sponging miR-942 to upregulate SOCS3. Cell Cycle 2020; 19:2811-2825. [PMID: 33054543 PMCID: PMC7714452 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2020.1824717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a class of widely expressed noncoding RNA with significant regulatory potential discovered in recent years. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of hsa_circ_0001785 on the proliferation, migration and invasion of breast cancer (BC) cells in vivo and in vitro and the potential underlying molecular mechanism. In the present study, the expressions of hsa_circ_0001785 in five BC cells (T47D, MCF-7, MDA-MB-453, MDA-MB-231 and BT-549) and one normal breast cell (MCF-10A) were the first to examined by qRT-PCR. Then, we studied the biological function of hsa_circ_0001785 in BC by in vivo and in vitro experiments. CCK-8, clone formation, wound-healing and Transwell assays were performed to analyze the cellular proliferation, migration and invasion in vitro. The subcutaneous tumor model of nude mice was used for in vivo experiment. In addition, we determined that hsa_circ_0001785 acted as competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) in BC by RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) and dual-luciferase reporter assays. Results showed that the expressions of hsa_circ_0001785 were decreased in BC cells. Hsa_circ_0001785 overexpression inhibited the proliferation, migration, invasion of BC cells and tumor growth in nude mice. RIP and dual-luciferase reporter assay demonstrated that hsa_circ_0001785 could regulate the SOCS3 by sponging miR-942. In general, circular RNA hsa_circ_0001785 inhibits the proliferation, migration and invasion of BC cells by modulating the miR-942/SOCS3 signaling axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyang Li
- Department of Breast Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiehua Zheng
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Weixun Lin
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiaquan Weng
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Weida Hong
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Juan Zou
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Taofeng Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Changsheng Ye
- Department of Breast Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- CONTACT Changsheng Ye Yexi Chen
| | - Yexi Chen
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
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Irani S, Paknejad M, Soleimani M, Soleimani A. Evaluation of miR-34a Effect on CCND1 mRNA Level and Sensitization of Breast Cancer Cell Lines to Paclitaxel. IRANIAN BIOMEDICAL JOURNAL 2020; 24:361-9. [PMID: 32660221 PMCID: PMC7601542 DOI: 10.29252/ibj.24.6.356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Background A growing body of literature has revealed the effective role of miR-34a, as a tumor suppressor and regulator of expression of multiple targets in tumorigenesis and cancer progression. This study aimed at evaluating the potential effects of miR-34a alone or in combination with paclitaxel on breast cancer cells. Methods After miR-34a transduction by lentiviral vectors in two MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cell lines of breast cancer, effects of the elevated expression of miR-34a in the cell viability and the cell proliferation were determined using MTT assay in treated and untreated cells with paclitaxel. The mRNA level of the CCND1 (Cyclin D1)gene was then measured in the two cell lines using the qRT-PCR assay. Finally, the influence of miR-34a and paclitaxel on apoptosis and cell cycle progression were examined by flow cytometry. Results The CCND1 mRNA expression levels were significantly down-regulated by overexpressed lentiviral miR-34a in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells. Combined treatment by miR-34a and paclitaxel reduced the cell viability and proliferation compared to single-drug treatment. In addition, the cell cycle arrest appeared at two phases by the combination of miR-34a and paclitaxel in MDA-MB-231 cells. Conclusion Our results suggest that miR34a, in combination with paclitaxel, has a potential for decreasing the cell viability and proliferation. Moreover, it can reduce the expression of CCND1 mRNA independent of the paclitaxel effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiva Irani
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahsa Paknejad
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoud Soleimani
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azam Soleimani
- Legal Medicine Research Center, Legal Medicine Organization, Tehran, Iran
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Magura J, Moodley R, Mackraj I. The effect of hesperidin and luteolin isolated from Eriocephalus africanus on apoptosis, cell cycle and miRNA expression in MCF-7. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2020; 40:1791-1800. [DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2020.1833757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Judie Magura
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of KwaZulu–Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Roshila Moodley
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu–Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Irene Mackraj
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of KwaZulu–Natal, Durban, South Africa
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Dobre EG, Dinescu S, Costache M. Connecting the Missing Dots: ncRNAs as Critical Regulators of Therapeutic Susceptibility in Breast Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E2698. [PMID: 32967267 PMCID: PMC7565380 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12092698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Whether acquired or de novo, drug resistance remains a significant hurdle in achieving therapeutic success in breast cancer (BC). Thus, there is an urge to find reliable biomarkers that will help in predicting the therapeutic response. Stable and easily accessible molecules such as microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are regarded as valuable prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets since they act as crucial regulators of the various mechanisms involved in BC drug resistance. Here, we reviewed the current literature on ncRNAs as mediators of resistance to systemic therapies in BC. Interestingly, upon integrating data results from individual studies, we concluded that miR-221, miR-222, miR-451, Urothelial Carcinoma Associated 1 (UCA1), and Growth arrest-specific 5 (GAS5) are strong candidates as prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets since they are regulating multiple drug resistance phenotypes in BC. However, further research around their clinical implications is needed to validate and integrate them into therapeutic applications. Therefore, we believe that our review may provide relevant evidence for the selection of novel therapeutic targets and prognostic biomarkers for BC and will serve as a foundation for future translational research in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena-Georgiana Dobre
- AMS Genetic Lab, 030882 Bucharest, Romania;
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Bucharest, 050095 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Sorina Dinescu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Bucharest, 050095 Bucharest, Romania;
- The Research Institute of the University of Bucharest, 050095 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Marieta Costache
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Bucharest, 050095 Bucharest, Romania;
- The Research Institute of the University of Bucharest, 050095 Bucharest, Romania
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