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Zhao S, Su L, Huang F, Zhuo C, Ye Z, Li H, Yin Y, Gao P, Zhu Y, Lin R. Phase I trial of apatinib and paclitaxel+oxaliplatin+5-FU/levoleucovorin for treatment-naïve advanced gastric cancer. Cancer Sci 2024; 115:1611-1621. [PMID: 38354746 PMCID: PMC11093206 DOI: 10.1111/cas.16110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Chinese guidelines recommend POF (paclitaxel, oxaliplatin, and 5-FU/levoleucovorin) as first-line treatment for advanced gastric cancer (AGC). Apatinib can augment the antitumor effect of paclitaxel, oxaliplatin, or fluorouracil in preclinical studies of AGC. A phase I clinical trial was conducted to evaluate the anticancer activity and maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of apatinib plus POF in treatment-naïve patients with AGC and to establish a recommended phase II dose. Participants received escalating doses of daily oral apatinib (250, 375, 500, 625, 750, and 850 mg) plus POF every 2 weeks using a conventional "3 + 3" study design. Among 21 treated patients, one experienced a dose-limiting toxicity (grade 3 skin ulceration at 850 mg). No MTD was reached. Apatinib 750 mg plus POF was recommended for phase II study. The most common grade 3-4 adverse events (AEs) were neutropenia (33.3%), mucositis (14.3%), and hand-foot syndrome (14.3%). Median progression-free and overall survival were 10.4 months (95% CI: 6.3, 14.6) and 18.4 months (95% CI: 9.8, 28.2), respectively. Apatinib up to 850 mg coadministered with POF was well tolerated with manageable AEs. The safety and anticancer activity of this regimen warrants its further investigation as first-line treatment for AGC in a larger study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shen Zhao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical OncologyClinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital (Fujian Branch of Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center)FuzhouChina
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer MedicineFuzhouChina
| | - LiYu Su
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical OncologyClinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital (Fujian Branch of Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center)FuzhouChina
| | - Feng Huang
- Department of Gastrointestinal SurgeryClinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital (Fujian Branch of Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center)FuzhouChina
| | - Changhua Zhuo
- Department of Gastrointestinal SurgeryClinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital (Fujian Branch of Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center)FuzhouChina
| | - Zaisheng Ye
- Department of Gastrointestinal SurgeryClinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital (Fujian Branch of Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center)FuzhouChina
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical OncologyClinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital (Fujian Branch of Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center)FuzhouChina
| | - Yi Yin
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical OncologyClinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital (Fujian Branch of Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center)FuzhouChina
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer MedicineFuzhouChina
| | - Pengqiang Gao
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryFujian Medical University Union HospitalFuzhouChina
| | - Yong Zhu
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryFujian Medical University Union HospitalFuzhouChina
| | - Rongbo Lin
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical OncologyClinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital (Fujian Branch of Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center)FuzhouChina
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer MedicineFuzhouChina
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2
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Bergonzini C, Gregori A, Hagens TMS, van der Noord VE, van de Water B, Zweemer AJM, Coban B, Capula M, Mantini G, Botto A, Finamore F, Garajova I, McDonnell LA, Schmidt T, Giovannetti E, Danen EHJ. ABCB1 overexpression through locus amplification represents an actionable target to combat paclitaxel resistance in pancreatic cancer cells. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2024; 43:4. [PMID: 38163893 PMCID: PMC10759666 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-023-02879-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the deadliest types of cancer and the chemotherapies such as gemcitabine/nab-paclitaxel are confronted with intrinsic or acquired resistance. The aim of this study was to investigate mechanisms underlying paclitaxel resistance in PDAC and explore strategies to overcome it. METHODS Three paclitaxel (PR) and gemcitabine resistant (GR) PDAC models were established. Transcriptomics and proteomics were used to identify conserved mechanisms of drug resistance. Genetic and pharmacological approaches were used to overcome paclitaxel resistance. RESULTS Upregulation of ABCB1 through locus amplification was identified as a conserved feature unique to PR cells. ABCB1 was not affected in any of the GR models and no cross resistance was observed. The ABCB1 inhibitor verapamil or siRNA-mediated ABCB1 depletion sensitized PR cells to paclitaxel and prevented efflux of ABCB1 substrates in all models. ABCB1 expression was associated with a trend towards shorter survival in patients who had received gemcitabine/nab-paclitaxel treatment. A pharmacological screen identified known and novel kinase inhibitors that attenuate efflux of ABCB1 substrates and sensitize PR PDAC cells to paclitaxel. CONCLUSION Upregulation of ABCB1 through locus amplification represents a novel, conserved mechanism of PDAC paclitaxel resistance. Kinase inhibitors identified in this study can be further (pre) clinically explored as therapeutic strategies to overcome paclitaxel resistance in PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Bergonzini
- Leiden Academic Center for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Alessandro Gregori
- Physics of Life Processes, Leiden Institute of Physics, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Tessa M S Hagens
- Leiden Academic Center for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Vera E van der Noord
- Leiden Academic Center for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Bob van de Water
- Leiden Academic Center for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Annelien J M Zweemer
- Leiden Academic Center for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Bircan Coban
- Leiden Academic Center for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Mjriam Capula
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Cancer Pharmacology Lab, Fondazione Pisana Per La Scienza, San Giuliano, Pisa, Italy
| | - Giulia Mantini
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Asia Botto
- Proteomics and Metabolomics Lab, Fondazione Pisana Per La Scienza, San Giuliano, Pisa, Italy
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Francesco Finamore
- Proteomics and Metabolomics Lab, Fondazione Pisana Per La Scienza, San Giuliano, Pisa, Italy
| | - Ingrid Garajova
- Medical Oncology Unit, University Hospital of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Liam A McDonnell
- Proteomics and Metabolomics Lab, Fondazione Pisana Per La Scienza, San Giuliano, Pisa, Italy
| | - Thomas Schmidt
- Physics of Life Processes, Leiden Institute of Physics, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Elisa Giovannetti
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
- Cancer Pharmacology Lab, Fondazione Pisana Per La Scienza, San Giuliano, Pisa, Italy.
| | - Erik H J Danen
- Leiden Academic Center for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands.
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Huang X, Li J, Yang Y, Wang ZL, Yang XZ, Lu ZD, Xu CF. Lipid-assisted PEG- b-PLA nanoparticles with ultrahigh SN38 loading capability for efficient cancer therapy. Biomater Sci 2023; 11:7445-7457. [PMID: 37819252 DOI: 10.1039/d3bm01469j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
The topoisomerase I inhibitor, 7-ethyl-10-hydroxycamptothecin (SN38), has demonstrated potent anticancer activity. However, its clinical application is hindered by its low solubility and high crystallization propensity, which further complicates its encapsulation into nanoparticles for systemic delivery. Herein, we explore the utilization of lipid-assisted poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly(D,L-lactide) (PEG-b-PLA) nanoparticles to achieve ultrahigh loading capability for SN38. Through the introduction of cationic, anionic, or neutral lipids, the SN38 loading efficiency and loading capacity is elevated to >90% and >10% respectively. These lipids efficiently attenuate the intermolecular π-π stacking of SN38, thereby disrupting its crystalline structure. Moreover, we assess the therapeutic activity of SN38-loaded formulations in various tumor models and identify an anionic lipid 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1'-rac-glycerol) sodium salt (DOPG)-assisted formulation that exhibits the highest anticancer activity and has favorable biosafety. Overall, our findings present a simple and robust strategy to achieve ultrahigh loading efficiency of SN38 using commonly employed PEG-b-PLA nanoparticles, opening up a new avenue for the systemic delivery of SN38.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyi Huang
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou International Campus, Guangzhou 511442, P.R. China.
| | - Jieyi Li
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou International Campus, Guangzhou 511442, P.R. China.
| | - Yanfang Yang
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou International Campus, Guangzhou 511442, P.R. China.
| | - Zi-Lu Wang
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P.R. China.
| | - Xian-Zhu Yang
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou International Campus, Guangzhou 511442, P.R. China.
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P.R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P.R. China
| | - Zi-Dong Lu
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P.R. China.
| | - Cong-Fei Xu
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou International Campus, Guangzhou 511442, P.R. China.
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P.R. China
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4
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Li C, Yu F, Xu W. Efficacy and safety of camrelizumab plus apatinib compared to apatinib monotherapy as third-line or above therapy for metastatic colorectal cancer patients: A retrospective cohort study. J Clin Pharm Ther 2022; 47:2325-2334. [PMID: 36495117 DOI: 10.1111/jcpt.13803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
WHAT IS KNOWN AND OBJECTIVE Programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) inhibitors synergize apatinib for anti-tumour effect by regulating tumour microenvironment, vascular endothelial growth factor, hypoxia condition, immune response, etc. This study aimed to investigate the treatment efficacy and safety of camrelizumab (PD-1 inhibitor) plus apatinib as third-line or above therapy in metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) patients. METHODS Totally, 64 unresectable mCRC patients receiving camrelizumab plus apatinib (N = 31) and apatinib (N = 33) were retrospectively enrolled. RESULTS Disease control rate (80.6% vs. 57.6%) (P = 0.047) was elevated in camrelizumab plus apatinib group compared to apatinib group; however, objective response rate (22.6% vs. 6.1%) (P = 0.078) only showed an increasing trend but did not achieve statistical significance. Besides, the median (95% confidence interval [CI]) progressive-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were 6.9 (3.7-10.1) and 11.5 (7.7-15.3) months in camrelizumab plus apatinib group; meanwhile, the median (95% CI) PFS and OS were 3.6 (1.7-5.5) and 6.7 (5.0-8.4) months in the apatinib group. Additionally, PFS (P = 0.017) and OS (P = 0.006) were prolonged in camrelizumab plus apatinib group compared with apatinib group, which was confirmed by further multivariate Cox's proportional hazards regression analysis (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.340, P < 0.001 for PFS; HR = 0.271, P < 0.001 for OS). The incidence of total, grade 1-2, and grade 3-4 adverse events did not differ between groups (all P > 0.05). CONCLUSION Camrelizumab (PD-1 inhibitor) plus apatinib achieves a better treatment efficacy than apatinib as third-line or above therapy with a good safety profile in mCRC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanming Li
- Anorectal Surgery, Wuhan No. 8 Hospital (Wuhan Anorectal Hospital), Wuhan, China
| | - Fan Yu
- Anorectal Surgery, Wuhan No. 8 Hospital (Wuhan Anorectal Hospital), Wuhan, China
| | - Wanli Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Wuhan No.8 Hospital (Wuhan Anorectal Hospital), Wuhan, China
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Hosseini SS, Ebrahimi SO, Haji Ghasem Kashani M, Reiisi S. Study of quercetin and fisetin synergistic effect on breast cancer and potentially involved signaling pathways. Cell Biol Int 2022; 47:98-109. [DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Seyede Saba Hosseini
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, School of Biology and Institute of Biological Sciences Damghan University Damghan Iran
| | - Seyed Omar Ebrahimi
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Basic Sciences Shahrekord University Shahrekord Iran
| | - Maryam Haji Ghasem Kashani
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, School of Biology and Institute of Biological Sciences Damghan University Damghan Iran
| | - Somayeh Reiisi
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Basic Sciences Shahrekord University Shahrekord Iran
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Zeng T, Sun C, Liang Y, Yang F, Yan X, Bao S, Zhang Y, Huang X, Fu Z, Li W, Yin Y. A Real-World Multicentre Retrospective Study of Low-Dose Apatinib for Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2-Negative Metastatic Breast Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14174084. [PMID: 36077621 PMCID: PMC9454649 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14174084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Treatment options for human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER2)-negative breast cancer patients are limited in comparison to the HER2-positive patients, particularly for metastatic breast cancer patients. Apatinib is a small-molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitor that targets the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR-2). Here, we reported the apatinib-based therapy data in HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer. Apatinib was taken at a dose of 250 mg orally once per day and combined with standard chemotherapy regimens. The PFS and OS of 128 patients were 4.7 months and 15.3 months, respectively. The objective response rate (ORR) and the disease control rate (DCR) were 22.7% and 80.5%, respectively. Patients with breast cancer susceptibility gene (BRCA) mutations were found to have a longer PFS and OS. Moreover, combination immunotherapy or paclitaxel-platinum regimens shared an improved response to other regimens. Most of the adverse effects (hypertension, anaemia, and hand-foot syndrome) were grade 1 to 2. Metastatic breast cancer patients could benefit from apatinib therapy at a low dosage, and the adverse effects are mild in real-world clinical practice. Furthermore, BRCA may be a putative biomarker for apatinib in HER2-negative breast cancer. Immunotherapy or paclitaxel-platinum regimens may be recommended to combine with apatinib therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Wei Li
- Correspondence: (W.L.); (Y.Y.); Tel.: +86-025-68307102 (W.L. & Y.Y.)
| | - Yongmei Yin
- Correspondence: (W.L.); (Y.Y.); Tel.: +86-025-68307102 (W.L. & Y.Y.)
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7
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Wang Z, He T, Yu D, Qin X, Geng A, Yang H. Neoadjuvant apatinib plus tegafur/gimeracil/oteracil potassium (S‑1)/oxaliplatin chemotherapy vs. chemotherapy alone in patients with locally advanced gastric carcinoma. Exp Ther Med 2022; 24:625. [PMID: 36160880 PMCID: PMC9468841 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2022.11562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The current study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of neoadjuvant apatinib plus tegafur/gimeracil/oteracil potassium (S-1) plus oxaliplatin (SOX) chemotherapy in patients with locally advanced gastric carcinoma (LAGC). Therefore, patients with LAGC treated with neoadjuvant apatinib plus SOX chemotherapy (apatinib + SOX group; n=25) or SOX chemotherapy (SOX group; n=35) were enrolled in the present study. Subsequently, the objective response (ORR) and disease control rates (DCR), pathological response, disease-free survival (DFS), overall survival (OS) and adverse events were recorded. The results showed that patients in the apatinib + SOX group exhibited a higher ORR (64.0 vs. 37.1%; P=0.040), but a similar DCR (96.0 vs. 88.6%; P=0.580), compared with those in the SOX group. The pathological response rates in patients with grade 0, 1, 2 and 3 LAGC were 0.0, 20.8, 62.5 and 16.7%, respectively, in the apatinib + SOX group, while in those treated with SOX alone they were 9.1, 39.4, 42.4 and 9.1%, respectively. By contrast, the pathological response was elevated in the apatinib + SOX group compared with the SOX group (P=0.030). During a median follow-up period of 21.0 months (range, 6.4-38.1 months), median DFS and OS were not reached. More specifically, the 1-, 2- and 3-year DFS rates were 91.7, 75.2 and 75.2% in the apatinib + SOX group and 71.8, 59.6 and 44.7% in the SOX group, respectively. In addition, the 1-, 2- and 3-year OS rates were 100.0, 89.6 and 78.4% in the apatinib + SOX group, while those in the SOX group were 90.3, 69.2 and 55.4%, respectively. However, no differences in DFS (P=0.094) or OS (P=0.155) were observed between the two groups. Additionally, the most common adverse events in the SOX group were mild leukopenia (42.9%) and fatigue (34.3%), while those in the apatinib + SOX group were tolerable leukopenia (44.0%) and hypertension (44.0%). In conclusion, the present study suggested that neoadjuvant apatinib plus SOX chemotherapy could be more effective and tolerable compared with SOX chemotherapy alone in patients with LAGC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenfeng Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second People's Hospital of Liaocheng, Linqing, Liaocheng, Shandong 252699, P.R. China
| | - Tingbang He
- Department of General Surgery, The People's Hospital of Xiajin Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Xiajin, Dezhou, Shandong 253299, P.R. China
| | - Deguo Yu
- Department of Emergency Surgery, The Second People's Hospital of Liaocheng, Linqing, Liaocheng, Shandong 252699, P.R. China
| | - Xiantao Qin
- Department of General Surgery, The Second People's Hospital of Liaocheng, Linqing, Liaocheng, Shandong 252699, P.R. China
| | - Aizhi Geng
- Department of Gynecology, The Second People's Hospital of Liaocheng, Linqing, Liaocheng, Shandong 252699, P.R. China
| | - Hailei Yang
- Department of Gynecology, The Second People's Hospital of Liaocheng, Linqing, Liaocheng, Shandong 252699, P.R. China
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8
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Pan D, Liu D, Liang L, Shen T, Shi C, Qin H. Treatment Response, Survival Benefit and Safety Profile of PD-1 Inhibitor Plus Apatinib Versus Apatinib Monotherapy in Advanced Colorectal Cancer Patients. Front Oncol 2022; 12:863392. [PMID: 35664730 PMCID: PMC9160599 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.863392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) inhibitor plus apatinib is reported to be a promising strategy for advanced cancers. Moreover, a PD-1 inhibitor or apatinib exerts a certain efficacy in advanced colorectal cancer (CRC), whereas their synergistic effect is unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the treatment efficacy and safety of a PD-1 inhibitor plus apatinib in advanced CRC patients. Methods In total, 45 advanced CRC patients who received a PD-1 inhibitor plus apatinib (PD-1 inhibitor plus apatinib group, N=20) or apatinib monotherapy (apatinib group, N=25) as third-line therapies were enrolled in the current study. Results The objective response rate (20.0% vs. 8.0%) (P=0.383) and disease control rate (70.0% vs. 52.0%) (P=0.221) were numerically increased in the PD-1 inhibitor plus apatinib group, respectively, compared with the apatinib group, but no statistical significance was observed. The median progression-free survival (PFS) was 7.5 versus 4.8 months; the 1-year PFS rate was 32.5% versus 9.9%; the median overall survival (OS) was 12.3 versus 8.7 months; and the 1-year OS rate was 50.7% versus 27.0% in the PD-1 inhibitor plus apatinib group versus the apatinib group, respectively. PFS (P=0.038) and OS (P=0.048) were prolonged in the PD-1 inhibitor plus apatinib group compared with the apatinib group. PD-1 inhibitor plus apatinib (versus apatinib) was independently associated with longer PFS (P=0.012) and OS (P=0.009). The majority of the adverse events were of grade 1-2, wherein the incidence was similar between groups, except for the fact that the incidence of capillary proliferation was elevated in the PD-1 inhibitor plus apatinib group compared with the apatinib group (25.5% versus 0.0%) (P=0.013). Conclusion PD-1 inhibitor plus apatinib presents a potential improvement in efficacy and survival benefit compared with apatinib monotherapy, with tolerable safety in advanced CRC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dengdeng Pan
- Department of General Surgery, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Dongliang Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Anhui Provincial Hospital Affiliated to the Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Lichuan Liang
- Department of General Surgery, Anhui Provincial Hospital Affiliated to the Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Tongyi Shen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chenzhang Shi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Huanlong Qin
- Department of General Surgery, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Li X, Xu J, Xie J, Yang W. Research progress in targeted therapy and immunotherapy for gastric cancer. Chin Med J (Engl) 2022; 135:1299-1313. [PMID: 35830242 PMCID: PMC9433086 DOI: 10.1097/cm9.0000000000002185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common malignant tumors worldwide. Its incidence ranks the 5th among all malignant tumors globally, and it is the 3rd leading cause of death among patients with cancer. Surgical treatment is the first choice in clinical practice. However, targeted therapy, immunotherapy, and other treatment methods have also become research hotspots at home and abroad with the development of individualized precision therapy in recent years, besides traditional radiotherapy and chemotherapy. At present, targeted therapy and immunotherapy are methods used for treating GC, and they have important clinical application value and prospects. This study aimed to review the research progress of targeted therapy and immunotherapy for GC, focusing on its mechanism of action and related important clinical trials, hoping to provide references for the clinical treatment of GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuewei Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Birth Defect and Cell Regeneration, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China
| | - Jun Xu
- Department of Surgery, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China
| | - Jun Xie
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Birth Defect and Cell Regeneration, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China
| | - Wenhui Yang
- Cancer Center, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030032, China
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Wu JQ, Fan RY, Zhai J, Li CY, Wei P, Shen LZ, He MF, Wang P, Huang XE. Docetaxel and 5-FU enhanced the inhibitory effects of apatinib and ramucirumab on growth and migration of gastric cancer. Life Sci 2022; 296:120439. [PMID: 35235851 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common malignant tumors in the world. The clinical benefit of anti-angiogenic strategy as a single drug is limited. Some studies showed that the combination of anti-angiogenic therapy and chemotherapy exhibited synergistic effect and reduced the side effects of chemotherapy drugs. We investigated the combined effects of these two types of drugs in gastric cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. METHODS cell viability, migration, invasion, and apoptosis were evaluated by CCK-8, wound-healing, transwell, and Annexin V-FITC/PI assay, respectively. In vivo anti-cancer efficacy was tested for the cell proliferation and metastasis in cell line derived tumor xenograft (CDX) model and patient derived tumor xenografted (PDX) model based on Tg (fli-1: EGFP) zebrafish embryos; RESULTS: In the cell experiments, the combination of the two types of drugs could inhibit the proliferation and metastasis of gastric cancer cells and promote apoptosis through VEGFR-2/AKT/ERK1/2 signal. In the zebrafish CDX (zCDX) model and zebrafish PDX (zPDX) model, the combination of the two treatment also showed a synergistic effect in inhibiting gastric cancer cell metastasis and cell proliferation. CONCLUSIONS Apatinib/ramucirumab targeted therapy combined with docetaxel or 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) may serve as an effective treatment strategy for patients with advanced gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Qi Wu
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211800, China
| | - Ruo-Yue Fan
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211800, China
| | - Jing Zhai
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Chong-Yong Li
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211800, China
| | - Ping Wei
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211800, China
| | - Li-Zong Shen
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Ming-Fang He
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211800, China.
| | - Ping Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research & The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
| | - Xin-En Huang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research & The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
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Luteolin Synergistically Enhances Antitumor Activity of Oxaliplatin in Colorectal Carcinoma via AMPK Inhibition. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11040626. [PMID: 35453311 PMCID: PMC9030203 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11040626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Luteolin is a naturally-occurring polyphenolic compound that is known to have antioxidative and antitumor activities in vitro. This study aimed to examine the in vivo anticancer efficacy of luteolin in conjunction with oxaliplatin treatment using a colorectal carcinoma xenograft mouse model. HCT116 human colorectal carcinoma cells were subcutaneously implanted into BALB/c nude mice, followed by the intraperitoneal administration of luteolin at a dose of 50 mg/kg body weight (BW)/day with or without oxaliplatin at a dose of 10 mg/kg BW/day three times per week for a total of 3 weeks. The combined luteolin and oxaliplatin treatment resulted in the synergistic suppression of the growth of HCT116 xenograft tumors when compared to treatment with luteolin or oxaliplatin alone. In addition, the combined treatment significantly increased the expression of cleaved PARP and p53 in the xenograft tumors compared with the vehicle control, but only marginally affected the level of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1). These results indicated that luteolin treatment retarded oxaliplatin-induced tumor growth by facilitating apoptotic cell death and inhibiting HO-1-mediated cytoprotection. Therefore, these findings suggest the synergistic potential of dietary luteolin in conjunction with conventional chemotherapy for the treatment of colorectal cancer.
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Chi Y, Wang F, Zhang Y, Shan Z, Tao W, Lian Y, Xin D, Fan Q, Sun Y. Apatinib inhibits tumour progression and promotes antitumour efficacy of cytotoxic drugs in oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma. J Cell Mol Med 2022; 26:1905-1917. [PMID: 35315581 PMCID: PMC8980885 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 12/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Apatinib, a highly selective inhibitor of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR-2), inhibits the angiogenesis of tumours. The function and mechanism of apatinib in oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) remain unknown. In present study, we found that the development of ESCC in patients was controlled by treatment of combination of apatinib and a chemotherapeutic drug. Moreover, apatinib efficiently promotes cell apoptosis, inhibits cell proliferation, invasion, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and activity of the Akt/mTOR pathway in ESCC cells. Western blot analysis showed that apatinib significantly increased vimentin protein levels, decreased Bcl2, matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9), E-cadherin, p-Akt and p-mTOR protein levels in ESCC cells. Furthermore, apatinib enhanced chemosensitivity of cytotoxic drugs paclitaxel (TAX), 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and cisplatin (DDP) by upregulating expression of vimentin protein, and downregulating expression of Bcl2, MMP9 and E-cadherin protein in vitro. Compared with single-agent groups, the combination of apatinib with each chemotherapeutic drug significantly repressed tumour growth and angiogenesis through blocking the expression of Ki67 and VEGFR-2 in vivo. Taken together, apatinib efficiently inhibits cell growth through blocking Bcl2 and Akt/mTOR pathway, and suppresses metastasis via inhibiting MMP9 and EMT in ESCC cells. Apatinib promoted antitumour effect of chemotherapeutic agents through promoting cell apoptosis and inhibiting EMT and angiogenesis in ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Chi
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yana Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhengzheng Shan
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Weili Tao
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yujin Lian
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Dao Xin
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Qingxia Fan
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yan Sun
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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13
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Jing C, Wang J, Zhu M, Bai Z, Zhao B, Zhang J, Yin J, Yang X, Liu Z, Zhang Z, Deng W. Camrelizumab combined with apatinib and S-1 as second-line treatment for patients with advanced gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma: a phase 2, single-arm, prospective study. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2022; 71:2597-2608. [PMID: 35304622 PMCID: PMC8932366 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-022-03174-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The current second-line treatment of advanced gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma remains unsatisfactory. Anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody combined with anti-angiogenic therapy shows anti-tumor activity and synergistic effect. We aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of the combination therapy of camrelizumab, apatinib, and S-1 in patients with gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma. METHODS In this open-label, single-arm, phase 2 trial, in each 21-day cycle, eligible patients received 200 mg intravenous camrelizumab in the first day, 500 mg oral apatinib once daily continuously, and specific dose oral S-1 in the first 14 days until the trial was discontinued disease progression, development of intolerable toxicity, or withdrawal of consent. The primary endpoint was objective response rate. The secondary endpoints were disease control rate, progression-free survival and overall survival, and safety. This study was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04345783. RESULTS Between May 2019 and August 2020, we enrolled a total of 24 patients in this trial. At the data cutoff (December 1, 2020), the median follow-up duration was 8.13 months. Seven of 24 (29.2%, 95%CI 14.9-49.2%) patients reached objective response. The median-progression-free survival was 6.5 months (95%CI 6.01-6.99) and the median overall survival was not reached. Grade 3 or 4 adverse events occurred in 6 (25.0%) patients, including elevated transaminase, thrombocytopenia, fatigue, proteinuria, and intestinal obstruction. No serious treatment-related adverse events or treatment-related deaths occurred. CONCLUSIONS In this trial, the combination of camrelizumab, apatinib, and S-1 showed promising anti-tumor activity and manageable toxicity as a second-line therapy in patients with advanced gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma, regardless of PD-L1 expression. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION NCT04345783.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Jing
- Department of General Surgery, Medical Oncology Group, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Junyun Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences/China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Mingyue Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, Medical Oncology Group, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Zhigang Bai
- Department of General Surgery, Medical Oncology Group, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Baoyi Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, Medical Oncology Group, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Medical Oncology Group, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Jie Yin
- Department of General Surgery, Medical Oncology Group, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Xiaobao Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Medical Oncology Group, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Zongzhi Liu
- Central Laboratory, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital & Shenzhen Hospital, Chinese Academic of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Shenzhen, 518116, China
| | - Zhongtao Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Medical Oncology Group, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China. .,Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis Research & National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, No. 95 Yong-an Road, Xi-Cheng District, Beijing, 100050, China.
| | - Wei Deng
- Department of General Surgery, Medical Oncology Group, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China. .,Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis Research & National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, No. 95 Yong-an Road, Xi-Cheng District, Beijing, 100050, China.
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14
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Yan Y, Li H, Wu S, Wang G, Luo H, Niu J, Cao L, Hu X, Xu H, Jia W, Sun Y, Yao Y, Chen W, Ke L, Hu B, Ji C, Sun Y, Chen J, Li M, He Y. Efficacy and safety of intermittent versus continuous dose apatinib plus docetaxel as second-line therapy in patients with advanced gastric cancer or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma: a randomized controlled study. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2022; 10:205. [PMID: 35280426 PMCID: PMC8908117 DOI: 10.21037/atm-22-546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Background Previous studies of the second-line treatment for advanced gastric cancer or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma (GC/GEJAC) had reported that apatinib combined with chemotherapy improved the treatment outcomes. However, the benefits were sometimes limited due to the tolerance of continuous dose regimen. This randomized controlled study aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of intermittent or continuous dose apatinib plus docetaxel as a second-line therapy in patients with advanced GC/GEJAC. Methods Advanced GC/GEJAC patients who failed first-line chemotherapy were recruited (enrollment time: from September 15, 2017 to July 21, 2019), and randomly assigned to either the intermittent dose group (IG group) or the continuous dose group (CG group) (1:1 ratio) using the block randomization method. In the IG group, patients received apatinib 500 mg/d for 5 consecutive days then held for 2 days plus docetaxel 60 mg/m2 q3w, in a 3-week cycle. In the CG group, patients received apatinib 500 mg daily plus docetaxel 60 mg/m2 q3w, in a 3-week cycle. The progression free survival (PFS) was evaluated every two cycles and follow-ups were performed monthly. The primary endpoint was PFS, and the secondary endpoints were objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), overall survival (OS), and safety. Results In total, 76 eligible patients were enrolled and randomly assigned (1:1 ratio). The IG group exhibited similar PFS compared to the CG group [median PFS: 3.88 (95% CI: 1.72–6.03) months vs. 3.98 (95% CI: 1.06–6.90) months, P=0.546] and OS [median OS: 9.00 (95% CI: 5.31–12.70) months vs. 9.40 (95% CI: 5.20–13.59) months, P=0.310]. ORR (21.1% vs. 18.4%, P=0.773) and DCR (60.5% vs. 60.5%, P=1.000) were of not statistically different between the IG and CG groups. As for safety, the IG group exhibited less frequent hypoproteinemia (31.6% vs. 55.3%, P=0.037) and lactate dehydrogenase increased (18.4% vs. 44.7%, P=0.014), while no differences in other adverse events were observed between the two groups. Conclusions Intermittent dose apatinib plus docetaxel was equally effective and more tolerable than continuous dose apatinib plus docetaxel as a second-line therapy in patients with advanced GC/GEJAC. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03334591.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Yan
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Huimin Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Shusheng Wu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Gang Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Huiqin Luo
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Jiayu Niu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Lulu Cao
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Xiaoxiu Hu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Huijun Xu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Wei Jia
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Yubei Sun
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Yiwei Yao
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Wenju Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Lihong Ke
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Bing Hu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Chushu Ji
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Yancai Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Jian Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Mengge Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Yifu He
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
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Jing C, Bai Z, Zhang J, Jiang H, Yang X, Yan S, Yin J, Cai J, Zhang Z, Deng W. Apatinib plus S-1 for previously treated, advanced gastric or gastro-oesophageal junction adenocarcinoma: a phase 2, single-arm, prospective study. J Gastrointest Oncol 2021; 12:2035-2044. [PMID: 34790371 DOI: 10.21037/jgo-21-186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The current management of advanced gastric or gastro-oesophageal junction adenocarcinoma remains unsatisfactory. We investigated the efficacy and safety of the combination therapy of apatinib and S-1, considering the potential advantage of home-based treatment without hospital admission, in patients with platinum-refractory gastric or gastro-oesophageal junction adenocarcinoma. Methods In this open-label, single-arm, phase 2 trial, in each 21-day cycle, eligible patients received apatinib at an initial dose of 500 mg once daily continuously and S-1 at a dose of 40-60 mg twice daily on days 1-14 until the trail was discontinued disease progression, development of intolerable toxicity, or withdrawal of consent. The primary endpoints were progression-free survival. The secondary endpoints were objective response rates, disease control rates, and safety, and overall survival. This study was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04338438. Results Between April 2015 and May 2019, we included 37 patients with advanced gastric or gastro-oesophageal junction adenocarcinoma refractory to first-line platinum-containing therapy. At the data cutoff, the 6-month progression-free survival was 31.5%, the median progression-free survival and overall survival were 4.2 (95% CI: 3.50-4.90) months and 8.2 (95% CI: 4.69-11.71) months, respectively. Of 37 eligible patients, 8 (21.6%) patients reached objective responses, 31 (83.8%) patients reached disease control. Grade 3 or 4 adverse events occurred in 8 (21.6%) patients, including hand-foot syndrome, hypertension, and diarrhea, etc. Conclusions The combination of Apatinib and S-1 showed promising efficacy and manageable toxicity as a home-based, second-line therapy in patients with advanced gastric or gastro-oesophageal junction adenocarcinoma, especially for the elder patients with poor performance status. Trial Registration NCT04338438.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Jing
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhigang Bai
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Hongpeng Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaobao Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shu Yan
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Yin
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Cai
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhongtao Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Deng
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Xu Z, Hu C, Yu J, Du Y, Hu P, Yu G, Hu C, Zhang Y, Mao W, Chen S, Cheng X. Efficacy of Conversion Surgery Following Apatinib Plus Paclitaxel/S1 for Advanced Gastric Cancer With Unresectable Factors: A Multicenter, Single-Arm, Phase II Trial. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:642511. [PMID: 33815124 PMCID: PMC8017219 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.642511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Conversion therapy (surgical resection after chemotherapy) is a promising option for unresectable gastric cancer (GC) patients. Addition of anti-angiogenesis drug improves response to chemotherapy. Hence, this study explored the feasibility and efficacy of preoperative paclitaxel (PTX)/S1 chemotherapy combined with apatinib for unresectable GC. Methods: Thirty-one eligible patients with a single unresectable factor were enrolled in this multi-center, single-arm trial. Apatinib (500 mg qd) was administered continuously, while PTX (130 mg/m2) on day 1 and S1 (80 mg/m2) on day 1-14 were given every 3 weeks. The treatment was given for three cycles preoperatively, but the last cycle did not include apatinib. The primary objective measurements included R0 resection rate, objective response rate (ORR) and morbidity of preoperative treatment. Results: Among the 31 patients, 30 patients were evaluable for tumor response, the ORR to preoperative treatment was 73.3%. Eighteen of 30 patients underwent surgery, and R0 resection was achieved in 17 patients. The patients who underwent the conversion surgery had a superior OS compared with those who did not (3 years OS: 52.9 vs 8.3%, p = 0.001). The surgery was operated after apatinib had stopped for a median duration of 4 weeks. Neither anastomotic leakage nor wound healing complications was observed. No increased bleeding event was observed compared with historical data. During preoperative treatment, grade 3 or 4 toxicities were experienced by 58.1% of the patients. Conclusion: Chemotherapy in combination with apatinib demonstrated higher rates of conversion and R0 resection and a superior survival benefit in initial unresectable GC. It is safe and reasonable to suspend apatinib for 4 weeks before the gastrectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyuan Xu
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Institute of Cancer Research and Basic Medical Sciences of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Cancer Hospital of University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Can Hu
- The 2nd Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianfa Yu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yian Du
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Institute of Cancer Research and Basic Medical Sciences of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Cancer Hospital of University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ping Hu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the Central Hospital of Lishui City, Lishui, China
| | - Guofa Yu
- Department of General Surgery, Shengzhou People's Hospital, Shengzhou, China
| | - Conggang Hu
- Department of Abdominal Surgery, GuangFu Hospital, Jinhua, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wei Mao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shanqi Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiangdong Cheng
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Institute of Cancer Research and Basic Medical Sciences of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Cancer Hospital of University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
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17
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Zhao H, Li R, Wang X, Lu X, Hu M, Zhang J, Zhao X, Song X, Liu Y. The role of apatinib combined with paclitaxel (aluminum binding type) in platinum-resistant ovarian cancer. J Ovarian Res 2020; 13:113. [PMID: 32958014 PMCID: PMC7507263 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-020-00719-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the anti-tumor activity and side effects of different dosages of paclitaxel (albumin binding type) (hereinafter referred to as nab-P) combined with Apatinib (hereinafter referred to as AP) in platinum-resistant ovarian cancer cell line and xenograft models. METHODS SKOV-3/DDP cell line was selected as the research object in cytology experiment. Firstly, we divided it into three groups for experiments to explore the individual effects of nab-P and AP. a): Control group, blank control, no drug intervention; b): nab-P group, nab-P 40 μmol/l; c): AP group, AP 50 μmol/l (Drug doses were IC-50 values that detected by MTT assay). Apoptosis related protein (Bax, bcl-2), vascular related protein(p-VEGFR-2), invasion related protein (MMP-2) expression were detected by Western blot and Cellular immunofluorescence, the invasion ability of tumor cells were detected by Transwell and Cell scratch test. Based on these dates, secondly, establishing different doses of nab-P combined with Ap to explore the curative effect of combination therapy. a): Control group, blank control, no drug intervention; b): Group-1, nab-P 5 μmol/l + AP 10 μmol/l, c): Group-2, nab-P 4.5 μmol/l + AP 10 μmol/l, d): Group-3, nab-P 4 μmol/l + AP 10 μmol/l, e): nab-P group, nab-P 5 μmol/l, f): AP group, AP 10 μmol/l (MTT assay). The combination index was analyzed by Compusyn software, Western blot, Immunofluescence, Transwell and Cell scratch test also were also chose to observe of inhibition effect. Thirdly, we used xenograft models to verify the results of cytological experiments. Tumor-forming BALB/c female nude mice were randomly divided into 4 groups, a): Control group, no drug intervention, only saline injection, b): nab-P 20 mg/kg + AP 150 mg/kg, c): nab-P 18 mg/kg + AP 150 mg/kg, d): nab-P 16 mg/kg + AP 150 mg/kg (The doses were guided by the pharmaceutical manufacturers). The tumor growth curve was analyzed during the experiment. And the apoptosis related protein (Bax, bcl-2), angiogenesis related protein (CD31, p-VEGFR-2) and invasion related protein (MMP-2) were observed by Western blot, Immunofluescence and Immunohistochemistry to analysis the ant-tumor effects. The quality of life in nude mice were observed to analysed the drug-induced side effects. RESULT In the separate medication section, (1) The IC-50 value of nab-P was 45.53 ± 4.06 μmol/l, while the AP was 50.66 ± 4.96 umol/L (48 h). (2) The expressions of bcl-2 (nab-P group, AP group), p-VEGFR-2 (AP group), MMP-2(nab-P group, AP group) were higher than Control group, while Bax (nab-P group, AP group) lower (P < 0.01). (3) The cell invasive ability was decreased after the nab-P and AP intervation (P < 0.01). In the combination medication section, (1) Compusyn showed the Combination index (Cl) were all below 1 (Cl < 1), that means nab-P and AP are synergism. (2) The combination IC-50 value was nab-P 5.28 μmol/l + AP 10.56 μmol/l (48 h). (3) In the detection of related protein expression, the combination of drugs can improve the anti-tumor effect, otherwise, after combined with AP, when nab-P were reduced dose in proper quantity, there were no obvious different in drug effect. (4) After reducing the doses of nab-P, the average food intake of nude mice increased from 4.50 g ± 0.17 to 5.55 g ± 0.13, and the one-hour activity increased from 6.11 min ±0.16 to 6.34 min ±0.13. CONCLUSION nab-P, a chemotherapeutic agent, can play an anti-tumor role in platinum-resistant ovarian cancer, but it can cause adverse effects that increase with dose. When combined with AP, the two drugs have synergistic effect, which can improve the anti-tumor effects of single drug. In addition, when combined with AP, the doses of nab-P can be appropriately reduced under the standard of recommended to reduce the toxicity of chemotherapy drugs, without affecting the anti-tumor effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Zhao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Basic Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, No. 56 Xinjian South Road, Yingze District, Taiyuan City, Shanxi Province, China.
| | - Rong Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Basic Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, No. 56 Xinjian South Road, Yingze District, Taiyuan City, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Xiaoyan Wang
- Department of Gynecology, Shanxi Cancer Hospital, Taiyuan, China
| | - Xin Lu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Basic Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, No. 56 Xinjian South Road, Yingze District, Taiyuan City, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Min Hu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Basic Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, No. 56 Xinjian South Road, Yingze District, Taiyuan City, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Jinbin Zhang
- Department of Gynecology, Shanxi Cancer Hospital, Taiyuan, China
| | - Xia Zhao
- Shanxi province center for disease control and prevention, Taiyuan, China
| | - Xiaoqin Song
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yangyang Liu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
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Wang M, Zeng Q, Li Y, Imani S, Xie D, Li Y, Han Y, Fan J. Bevacizumab combined with apatinib enhances antitumor and anti-angiogenesis effects in a lung cancer model in vitro and in vivo. J Drug Target 2020; 28:961-969. [PMID: 32374627 DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2020.1764963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Angiogenesis is involved in the proliferation and metastasis of solid tumours; hence, it is an attractive therapeutic target. However, most patients who undergo anti-angiogenic drug treatment do not achieve complete tumour regression, resulting in drug resistance. The objective of this research is to explore the therapeutic effect of combining bevacizumab (Bev), an anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-A antibody, with apatinib (Apa), a VEGR receptor (VEGFR)-2-targeting tyrosine kinase inhibitor, in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In vitro, we assessed the influence which Bev + Apa treatment exerts upon the proliferation as well as apoptosis of Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) cells in virtue of the 3-(4,5-dimethyl-thiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide as assay as well as Annexin V staining, respectively. For in vivo assessment, we established a tumour-bearing mouse model with LLC cells and investigated the anti-angiogenic and antitumor effects of Bev + Apa by 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging, immunohistochemistry and TUNEL staining. Bev + Apa treatment significantly inhibited LLC cell growth and proliferation in a larger scale compared to therapy of either of the only agent. Bev + Apa inhibited tumour growth and extended the median survival time of tumour-bearing mice. Mechanistically, Bev + Apa reduced angiogenesis by inhibiting VEGF and VEGFR-2 expression and reducing glucose metabolism in tumour tissues. Thus, Bev and Apa inhibited tumour angiogenesis synergistically, indicating their potential clinical utility for NSCLC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingting Wang
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou City, Sichuan Province, P.R. China
| | - Qin Zeng
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou City, Sichuan Province, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Li
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou City, Sichuan Province, P.R. China
| | - Saber Imani
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou City, Sichuan Province, P.R. China
| | - Danna Xie
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou City, Sichuan Province, P.R. China
| | - Yinghua Li
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou City, Sichuan Province, P.R. China
| | - Yunwei Han
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou City, Sichuan Province, P.R. China
| | - Juan Fan
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou City, Sichuan Province, P.R. China
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Fathi Maroufi N, Rashidi MR, Vahedian V, Akbarzadeh M, Fattahi A, Nouri M. Therapeutic potentials of Apatinib in cancer treatment: Possible mechanisms and clinical relevance. Life Sci 2020; 241:117106. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.117106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Revised: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Guney Eskiler G, Deveci AO, Bilir C, Kaleli S. Synergistic Effects of Nobiletin and Sorafenib Combination on Metastatic Prostate Cancer Cells. Nutr Cancer 2019; 71:1299-1312. [PMID: 31037974 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2019.1601237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Objective: Herein we, for the first time, investigated a potential synergistic effect of nobiletin (NOB) and sorafenib (SOR) on PC-3 prostate cancer and HUVEC control cell lines. Methods: In order to determine the cytotoxic and apoptotic effects of the combination of NOB and SOR, WST-1, Annexin V, and cell cycle analysis were performed. The potential molecular mechanism of apoptotic cell death was assessed by Bax, Bcl-2, CCDN1, Rb1, and CDKN1A gene expression and acridine orange (AO) and DAPI staining. Results: Our results indicated that NOB and SOR combination had a significant inhibitory effect on the viability of PC-3 cells with less toxicity on HUVEC cells than SOR alone (P < 0.01). NOB and SOR combination significantly caused much more apoptotic cell death and cell cycle arrest at G0/G1 phase by up-regulation of Bax, Rb1, and CDKN1A levels in PC-3 cells (P < 0.01). Therefore, strong synergistic effects between NOB and SOR were analyzed (CI < 1). Conclusion: NOB and SOR combination was more effective than SOR and NOB alone and reduced the exposure time for SOR and NOB in PC-3 cells. Combination strategy is a therapeutic potential to improve efficacy and reduce side-effect of SOR for the treatment of metastatic prostate cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gamze Guney Eskiler
- Department of Medical Biology Faculty of Medicine, Sakarya University , Sakarya , Turkey
| | - Asuman Ozkan Deveci
- Department of Medical Biology Faculty of Medicine, Sakarya University , Sakarya , Turkey
| | - Cemil Bilir
- Department of Medical Oncology Faculty of Medicine, Sakarya University , Sakarya , Turkey
| | - Suleyman Kaleli
- Department of Medical Biology Faculty of Medicine, Sakarya University , Sakarya , Turkey
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Lin H, Han D, Fu G, Liu C, Wang L, Han S, Liu B, Yu J. Concurrent apatinib and docetaxel vs apatinib monotherapy as third- or subsequent-line therapy for advanced gastric adenocarcinoma: a retrospective study. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:1681-1689. [PMID: 30881023 PMCID: PMC6400117 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s193801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy and safety of concurrent apatinib and docetaxel therapy vs apatinib monotherapy as third- or subsequent-line treatment for advanced gastric adenocarcinoma (GAC). Methods Patients, who had received apatinib with or without docetaxel as third or more line therapy for advanced GAC, were retrospectively reviewed. Propensity score matching (PSM) analysis was performed to minimize the potential confounding bias. Kaplan–Meier curve and log-rank test were used to analyze the survival. Prognostic factors were estimated by Cox regression. Adverse events (AEs) were evaluated using CTCAE 4.0. Results Thirty-four patients received concurrent therapy, whereas 31 received monotherapy. The median progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in monotherapy and con-therapy groups were 2.5 and 4 months (P=0.002), 3.3 and 6 months (P=0.004), respectively. After PSM, the median PFS and OS in the con-therapy group were also superior to the monotherapy group (P=0.004 and P=0.017). Cox regression suggested that Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status (ECOG PS; HR =2.437, 95% CI: 1.349–4.404, P=0.003), CA199 (HR =1.001, 95% CI: 1.000–1.002, P=0.016), and treatment options (HR =0.388, 95% CI: 0.222–0.679, P=0.001) had significant effects on OS. Grade 3/4 toxicities in the monotherapy and con-therapy groups were as follows: leukopenia (0% vs 8.8%), neutropenia (3.2% vs 2.9%), anemia (9.8% vs 8.8%), thrombocytopenia (6.4% vs 2.9%), proteinuria (3.2% vs 2.9%), aminotransferase (0% vs 11.8%), hyperbilirubinemia (9.8% vs 5.9%), hypertension (9.8% vs5.9%), hand–foot syndrome (3.2% vs 8.8%), nausea and vomiting (0% vs 11.8%), diarrhea (0% vs 5.9%), and fatigue (6.5% vs 2.9%). Conclusion Patients with advanced GAC benefit more from concurrent apatinib and docetaxel therapy than apatinib monotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haimin Lin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250117, China, .,School of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Jinan-Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250200, China
| | - Dali Han
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250117, China,
| | - Guobin Fu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
| | - Chengxin Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250117, China,
| | - Lili Wang
- Department of Bone and Soft Tumor, Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250117, China
| | - Shumei Han
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250117, China,
| | - Bo Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250117, China,
| | - Jinming Yu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250117, China,
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Wu R, Li C, Li C, Ren J, Sun X, Zhang S, Zou J, Ling X. Rapid screening of multi-target antitumor drugs by nonimmobilized tumor cells/tissues capillary electrophoresis. Anal Chim Acta 2018; 1045:152-161. [PMID: 30454570 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2018.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Revised: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 09/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
As there are more target categories on tumor cells/tissues than on receptor-overexpressing cells, and tumor tissues can better simulate TME, we established a new method of screening multi-target antitumor drugs by nonimmobilized tumor cells/tissues capillary electrophoresis under approximately tumor physiological environment. In this method, the natural structure and active conformation of the target proteins on tumor cells/tissues can be well maintained without separation and purification. Therefore, we successfully used this method to study the interactions between the Aidi injection (ADI)/its main components and tumor cells/tissues by optimizing a series of experimental conditions, discovered seven components with binding activity to A549 cells, five of them with specific interaction to tumor tissues, and calculated the binding kinetic parameters (K, ka, kd, and k'). Then, antitumor activity assays in vitro and in vivo were carried out to discover a new drug combination with higher targeting, better pharmaceutical efficacy, and lower toxic side effects. Finally, molecular docking studies were performed to investigate the potential target groups of the interactions between the effective drug combination and A549 cells/tissues. In summary, the method was verified to be valid and feasible, and can be easily transferred to a capillary array electrophoresis for high-throughput drug screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruijun Wu
- The State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Li
- The State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Cong Li
- The State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinyu Ren
- The State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaozhi Sun
- The State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Sufang Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Juncheng Zou
- The State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaomei Ling
- The State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China.
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